Ventilation treatment facility and design method for ventilation treatment facility

Abstract

To provide ventilation treatment equipment and a design method of the ventilation treatment equipment that can reduce variation of ventilation or loss of gas when performing ventilation treatment such as aging on granular material of slag.SOLUTION: Ventilation treatment equipment 12 includes partition walls 13a, 13b, and 13c located at least in a part of a boundary portion that defines a range in which granular material 3 is stored, a supply device 5 that supplies gas to the granular material 3 in a specific direction along the partition walls, and a deformable layer 15 deformed by coming into contact with the granular material 3, while located in at least a part in the predetermined direction among the partition walls coming into contact with the granular material 3. The ventilation treatment equipment performs the ventilation treatment of the granular material 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an aeration treatment facility for aerating granular material such as slag, and a method for designing an aeration treatment facility. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, in the steel industry, slag is produced as a by-product in blast furnaces, pretreatment processes, converters, and electric furnaces. Among these, slag produced during the steelmaking process, such as pretreatment processes, converters, and electric furnaces, is called steelmaking slag. In the steelmaking process, a large amount of lime is added as an auxiliary material to remove phosphorus and silicon from the molten iron. As a result, undissolved lime or lime crystallized during cooling remains in the steelmaking slag as f-CaO (free calcium oxide). f-CaO has the property of expanding approximately twice its volume upon hydration to form Ca(OH)2. If the slag is pulverized due to the expansion property of f-CaO, the pulverization may result in the slag particle size not meeting the specifications. Furthermore, the expansion property of f-CaO may cause the slag itself to expand after shipping. When slag is used as roadbed material or fine aggregate for concrete, the hydration expansion of f-CaO in the slag can cause problems such as heaving of the roadbed or cracking of the concrete. Therefore, slag used for these purposes must meet the expansion characteristics specified in JIS A 5015.

[0003] To reduce the risk of slag expansion or pulverization, aging treatments have been conventionally used to stabilize the volume of slag before shipping. Aging treatments include air aging, in which slag is stored for a long period of time in a slag yard or the like before shipping to cause a hydration reaction between moisture in the air and f-CaO, and steam aging, in which steam is supplied to the slag to promote the hydration reaction. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a steam aging device in which slag is piled in a slag treatment tank surrounded by concrete side walls and aged by supplying steam to the piled slag. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 8-259284 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] Generally, when granular material is filled into a container, the porosity of the granular material near the container wall is greater than the porosity of the granular material near the container center. The phenomenon of increased porosity of the granular material near the container wall is known as the wall effect. As described in Patent Document 1, when slag is piled in a slag treatment vessel surrounded by side walls, the porosity of the slag in the outer periphery adjacent to the side walls may be greater than the porosity of the slag in the center of the slag treatment vessel due to the wall effect.

[0006] Steam supplied to the pile of slag in the slag treatment tank flows easily in areas with high slag porosity and less easily in areas with low slag porosity. Therefore, if there are differences in porosity within the slag pile, the steam flow rate will vary depending on the distribution of slag porosity within the slag pile. The distribution of steam flow rate causes variations in the progress of the slag hydration reaction during steam aging. In other words, the distribution of steam flow rate causes uneven treatment. To ensure sufficient steam distribution throughout the slag pile when the steam flow rate is distributed within the slag pile, it is possible to increase the overall amount of steam supplied to the slag pile. However, increasing the amount of steam will result in excess steam being supplied to areas with high slag porosity. This excess steam does not contribute to the slag hydration reaction. Consequently, steam loss will be significant.

[0007] The present disclosure has been developed in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a technology that can reduce the influence of the wall effect when performing aeration treatment such as aging on granular materials such as slag, thereby reducing ventilation variations or gas loss. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] (1) An aeration treatment equipment according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is an aeration treatment equipment for aerating granular material, and includes a partition wall located on at least a portion of a boundary section that defines an area for storing the granular material, a supply device that supplies gas to the granular material in a predetermined direction along the partition wall, and a deformation layer that is located on at least a portion of the surface of the partition wall that contacts the granular material in the predetermined direction and that deforms when the granular material contacts it.

[0009] (2) In the aeration treatment facility of (1), the particulate matter may be slag, and the gas supplied by the supply device may be steam for aging the slag.

[0010] (3) In the ventilation treatment equipment of (1) or (2), the deformation layer may be made of an elastic material, and the elastic modulus of the elastic material may be 2.0 MPa or less.

[0011] (4) In the ventilation treatment equipment of (3) above, the elastic material may be composed of at least one of silicone, urethane, natural rubber, nitrile rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, and chloroprene rubber.

[0012] (5) In the aeration treatment equipment of any one of (1) to (4) above, the thickness of the deformation layer may be at least half the maximum particle size of the granular material.

[0013] (6) A design method for aeration treatment equipment according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a step of determining at least one of the material of the deformation layer, the elastic modulus of the deformation layer, the thickness of the deformation layer, or the particle size of the granular material, in order to design any one of the aeration treatment equipments (1) to (5) above, so that the difference between the porosity at the portion where the granular material and the deformation layer abut and the porosity at the portion where the granular material abuts each other is not more than a predetermined value. [Effects of the Invention]

[0014] According to the aeration treatment equipment and the design method of the aeration treatment equipment of the present disclosure, the variation in aeration or loss of gas is reduced when aeration treatment such as aging is performed on granular material such as slag. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of an aeration treatment facility according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the area surrounded by B in FIG. 2. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of equipment according to a comparative example. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of an aeration treatment facility according to another embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0016] The aeration treatment equipment 12 (see FIG. 1, etc.) according to the present disclosure is configured to perform aeration treatment on granular material 3 (see FIG. 1, etc.). In one embodiment of the present disclosure described below, the aeration treatment is performed on slag as the granular material 3. Furthermore, the aeration treatment is performed as an aging treatment in which water vapor is supplied to the granular material 3 that is the target of the aeration treatment. The granular material 3 that is the target of the aeration treatment is not limited to slag but may include various other objects. The aeration treatment is not limited to aging treatment but may include aeration treatments in which various other gases are supplied, such as a carbonation treatment in which carbon dioxide is supplied.

[0017] In this embodiment, the slag to be aged is generated as a by-product in the steel manufacturing process and contains f-CaO (free calcium oxide). Slag containing f-CaO is generated in the steel manufacturing process, for example, in a preliminary treatment process or a refining process. Slag generated in the steel manufacturing process is also called steelmaking slag. When the slag contains f-CaO, the aeration treatment equipment 12 is configured to perform an aging treatment in which the f-CaO contained in the slag reacts with steam to convert the f-CaO to Ca(OH)2.

[0018] (Configuration example of the ventilation treatment facility 12) As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , an aeration treatment facility 12 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a supply device 5, a permeation layer 2, a steam pipe 4, partition walls 13a, 13b, and 13c, and a deformation layer 15. Granular material 3 (slag) is piled in the area surrounded by the permeation layer 2 and the partition walls 13a, 13b, and 13c. The area surrounded by the permeation layer 2 and the partition walls 13a, 13b, and 13c is also referred to as the treatment area. The granular material 3 piled in the treatment area of ​​the aeration treatment facility 12 is also referred to as a pile. The aeration treatment facility 12 performs an aging treatment by supplying steam to the pile of granular material 3 (slag) piled in the treatment area, causing the f-CaO contained in the granular material 3 (slag) to react with the steam.

[0019] <Permeation layer 2, steam pipe 4 and supply device 5> The permeation layer 2 is located at the bottom of the treatment area. In other words, the granular material 3 is piled on top of the permeation layer 2. The steam pipe 4 is buried in the permeation layer 2. The steam pipe 4 is configured as multiple pipes arranged in parallel at intervals within the permeation layer 2. The steam pipe 4 may also be configured as a single pipe that snakes through the permeation layer 2. One end of the steam pipe 4 is connected to a supply device 5, which is a steam supply source. The supply device 5 may be configured to include, for example, a boiler or the like, as the steam supply source.

[0020] The steam pipe 4 has a plurality of holes aligned along the direction in which the pipe extends (longitudinal direction of the pipe), and steam supplied from a supply device 5 is released from each hole and supplied to the treatment area through the permeation layer 2. The steam supplied to the treatment area flows upward through the deposit of granular material 3 (slag), reacting with the f-CaO contained in the granular material 3 (slag).

[0021] <Partition walls 13a, 13b and 13c> The partition walls 13a, 13b, and 13c define at least a portion of the outer boundary of the processing area, which is the area that contains the particulate material 3. In other words, the outer boundary of the processing area may include an open portion that is not defined by the partition walls 13a, 13b, and 13c. The processing area of ​​the aeration processing equipment 12 illustrated in FIG. 1 is open and not defined on the front side, defined on the left and right side by the partition walls 13a and 13b, and defined on the back side by the partition wall 13c. The processing area may be defined at various positions other than those illustrated in FIG. 1. Hereinafter, when it is not necessary to distinguish between the partition walls 13a, 13b, and 13c, the partition walls 13a, 13b, and 13c will be simply referred to as partition walls.

[0022] The granular material 3 may be loaded into or transported from the processing area by heavy machinery such as a wheel loader through the open portion of the outer periphery of the processing area that is not partitioned by a partition wall. The granular material 3 may be loaded into or transported from the processing area by heavy machinery such as a crane from above the processing area. The partition wall is made of a material that has no elasticity or a material with a high elastic modulus. The partition wall is also made of a material that is harder than the granular material 3 (slag). In this embodiment, the partition wall is made of concrete. The partition wall is not limited to concrete and may be made of various other materials.

[0023] <Deformation layer 15> The deformation layer 15 is installed along the surface (inner wall surface) of the partition wall facing the processing area. That is, the deformation layer 15 is located between the partition wall and the granular material 3 piled in the processing area.

[0024] The deformation layer 15 is made of a material softer than the granular material 3 so that it deforms to fit the outer shape of the granular material 3 when sandwiched between the granular material 3 and the partition wall. For example, the deformation layer 15 may be made of an elastic material such as rubber. Elastic materials are also called elastic materials. The elastic modulus of an elastic material is greater than 0. The deformation layer 15 may be made of at least one elastic material such as silicone, urethane, natural rubber, nitrile rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, or chloroprene rubber. The materials exemplified as elastic materials have low water absorption, high thermal insulation, and high durability, making them suitable for use in places where they come into contact with water vapor.

[0025] The deformation layer 15 may be made of a foam such as sponge. The deformation layer 15 may also be made of a combination of fibers to have elasticity as a whole. The deformation layer 15 is not limited to these examples and may be made of various elastic materials.

[0026] The deformation layer 15 may be configured as a non-elastic member. For example, the deformation layer 15 may be configured as a member containing particles finer than the granular material 3, such as a sandbag or a bead cushion. The member containing the fine particles may be configured to deform to fit the outer shape of the granular material 3 when the granular material 3 comes into contact with it, and to restore its shape to match the shape of the partition wall due to gravity or other external force when the granular material 3 is released.

[0027] The deformation layer 15 may be made of a plastically deformable material such as clay. In other words, the deformation layer 15 may be made of a material with an elastic modulus of 0. If the deformation layer 15 is made of a plastically deformable material, it will not naturally return to a shape that conforms to the partition wall when the granular material 3 is released, but it will be able to deform to match the outer shape of the granular material 3 the next time it comes into contact with the layer. Furthermore, the deformation layer 15 may be restored to a shape that conforms to the partition wall after the granular material 3 has been released by, for example, applying a material such as clay to the layer.

[0028] The deformation layer 15 may be fixed by a method such as adhering it to the inner wall surface of the partition wall. The method of fixing the deformation layer 15 to the inner wall surface of the partition wall is not limited to adhering and may include various other methods. By fixing the deformation layer 15 to the partition wall, the workability of the aging treatment is improved compared to when the deformation layer 15 is not fixed.

[0029] (Flow of water vapor in the ventilation treatment equipment 12) The aeration treatment equipment 12 supplies steam to the pile of particulate material 3 within the treatment area by flowing steam in the direction of the arrows shown as steam flow paths 6 in Figure 2, causing the particulate material 3 to react with the steam. Steam flow paths 6 are present throughout the treatment area. To ensure uniform reaction between the particulate material 3 and the steam within the treatment area, it is necessary for the flow rate of steam from the bottom to the top of the treatment area to be uniform throughout the treatment area.

[0030] Here, the water vapor flows through the gaps between the granules 3 in the pile of granules 3 or the gaps between the granules 3 and the partition walls. Therefore, the flow rate of the water vapor is determined according to the size of the gaps in the flow path of the water vapor. In other words, the flow rate of the water vapor is determined according to the porosity of the space along the flow path of the water vapor. The porosity is calculated as the ratio of the volume of the area through which the water vapor passes that is not occupied by the granules 3 and is therefore void. In order to make the flow rate of the water vapor as uniform as possible, it is necessary to make the porosity of each part of the treatment area as uniform as possible.

[0031] However, if the granular materials 3 are stacked in a processing area surrounded by hard side walls, the porosity at the periphery of the processing area may be greater than that at the center of the processing area due to the wall effect that occurs when the granular materials 3 contact the hard side walls. If the porosity of the granular materials 3 at the periphery of the processing area is greater than that of the granular materials 3 in areas other than the periphery (e.g., the center), the flow rate of steam supplied to the pile of granular materials 3 will vary greatly because steam flows more easily in areas with higher porosity. Specifically, as known as the Ergun equation, the amount of steam is distributed so that the pressure loss in each steam flow path in the pile of granular materials 3 is equal. Therefore, the presence of paths with extremely low airflow resistance (paths with high porosity) makes it difficult for steam to flow to areas with high airflow resistance (areas with low porosity). In particular, when the granular materials 3 are stacked along partition walls, the wall effect increases the porosity near the partition walls (the periphery of the processing area). An increase in the porosity reduces the airflow resistance in the outer periphery of the processing area. The reduction in the airflow resistance in the outer periphery of the processing area allows more water vapor to be supplied to the outer periphery of the processing area. As a result, water vapor is less likely to be supplied to areas other than the outer periphery, such as the center of the processing area. In other words, an increase in the porosity in the outer periphery of the processing area causes a difference between the flow rate of water vapor in the outer periphery of the processing area and the flow rate of water vapor in the center of the processing area.

[0032] As illustrated in FIG. 3 , the ventilation treatment equipment 12 according to this embodiment includes a deformation layer 15 located between the partition wall 13b and the pile of granular materials 3. When sandwiched between the granular materials 3 and the partition wall 13b, the deformation layer 15 deforms to fit the contour of the granular materials 3. Here, the size of the gap between the granular materials 3 and the deformation layer 15 is virtually represented as a circle 7 inscribed in the granular materials 3 and the deformation layer 15. In the example of FIG. 3 , the size of the gap between the granular materials 3 and the deformation layer 15 is close to the size of the gap between the granular materials 3. That is, the porosity near the partition wall 13b in the treatment area is close to the porosity in the central portion of the treatment area away from the partition wall 13b. Therefore, in the ventilation treatment equipment 12 according to this embodiment, the difference between the flow rate of water vapor flowing along the water vapor flow path 6 near the partition wall 13b in the treatment area and the flow rate of water vapor flowing through the central portion of the treatment area is reduced. That is, the flow rate of water vapor is made closer to uniform.

[0033] The ventilation treatment equipment 12 may also be provided with deformation layers 15 on the partition walls 13a and 13c. By providing deformation layers 15 on the partition walls 13a and 13c, the porosity in the vicinity of the partition walls 13a and 13c in the treatment area becomes closer to the porosity in the central portion of the treatment area. As a result, the difference between the flow rate of water vapor flowing in the vicinity of the partition walls 13a and 13c in the treatment area and the flow rate of water vapor flowing in the central portion of the treatment area becomes smaller. By reducing the difference between the flow rate of water vapor over the entire periphery of the treatment area and the flow rate of water vapor in the central portion, the flow rate of water vapor becomes closer to uniform throughout the entire treatment area.

[0034] On the other hand, a comparative example can be considered, which does not include a deformation layer 15. In the comparative example, as shown in FIG. 4, the granular material 3 contacts the partition wall 13b without the deformation layer 15. The partition wall 13b is harder than the granular material 3, so it is not deformed by the contact of the granular material 3. As a result, due to the wall effect described above, the gap between the granular material 3 and the partition wall 13b in the comparative example is larger than the gap between the granular material 3 itself, as shown imaginarily as circle 7. Furthermore, the gap between the granular material 3 and the partition wall 13b in the comparative example is larger than the gap between the granular material 3 and the deformation layer 15 in the aeration treatment equipment 12 according to this embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3. In other words, the void ratio near the partition wall 13b in the comparative example is larger than the void ratio away from the partition wall 13b. As a result, in the equipment according to the comparative example, the difference between the flow rate of steam flowing along the steam flow passage 6 near the partition wall 13b and the flow rate of steam flowing in the portion away from the partition wall 13b becomes large.

[0035] From the above, the ventilation treatment equipment 12 according to this embodiment, which is provided with the deformation layer 15, can make the flow rate of water vapor within the treatment area more uniform than the equipment according to the comparative example, which does not have the deformation layer 15. As a result of making the flow rate of water vapor within the treatment area more uniform, the progress of the reaction between the granular material 3 and water vapor becomes more uniform. In other words, the variation in the aging treatment is reduced.

[0036] Furthermore, as the progress of the reaction approaches uniformity, the time until the reaction of the granular material 3 is completed approaches uniformity throughout the entire processing area. If there is variation in the progress of the reaction, it will take longer for the reaction to be completed in areas where the reaction is progressing slowly. Steam is supplied to the entire processing area until the reaction in the slower areas is completed. As a result, the time required to supply steam when there is variation in the progress of the reaction is longer than the time required to supply steam when the progress of the reaction is uniform. Therefore, the aeration treatment equipment 12 according to this embodiment can shorten the time required to supply steam by making the progress of the reaction more uniform. As a result, the loss of steam is reduced.

[0037] The ventilation treatment equipment 12 according to this embodiment can suppress an increase in the porosity at the outer periphery of the treatment area near the partition wall by providing the deformation layer 15 on the inner wall surface of the partition wall. That is, the ventilation treatment equipment 12 according to this embodiment can reduce the influence of the wall effect in a pseudo manner.

[0038] (Design method of ventilation treatment equipment 12) The aeration treatment equipment 12 may be designed by determining the conditions of the deformation layer 15 in accordance with the granular material 3 to be aerated. In other words, the design method for the aeration treatment equipment 12 may include the step of determining the conditions of the deformation layer 15.

[0039] To determine the conditions for the deformation layer 15, experiments may be conducted applying various conditions for the deformation layer 15 for each particle size of the granular material 3 to be aerated. The conditions for the deformation layer 15 may include, for example, the material constituting the deformation layer 15, the elastic modulus of the deformation layer 15, or the thickness of the deformation layer 15. The experiment may be conducted by piling the granular material 3 in a container simulating a processing area. In the experiment, the distribution of the porosity of the granular material 3 in the container and the temperature distribution in the container when steam is supplied into the container are confirmed. An example of the experimental content is described below.

[0040] First, granular material 3 of a predetermined particle size is piled in a container having a deformation layer 15 of predetermined conditions on the inner wall surface. With the pile of granular material 3 contained in the container, the porosity near the inner wall surface of the container and the porosity near the center of the container are measured. Porosity can be measured using known methods such as the "Test method for soil density by the sand displacement method" specified in JIS A 1214:2013 or the "Test method for unit volume mass and volume fraction of aggregates" specified in JIS A 1104:2019. The porosity is not limited to the above-mentioned method and may be measured by various other methods.

[0041] Next, steam is supplied into the container. The steam flows in a direction along the inner wall surface. The temperature rises at each part of the container due to the supply of steam, and is measured. The more uniform the flow rate of steam is, the smaller the temperature variation at each part of the container. Therefore, the uniformity of the flow rate of steam within the container is evaluated based on the temperature measurement results at each part of the container.

[0042] As a result of the experiment, the difference between the porosity of the granular material 3 in a predetermined range from the inner wall surface of the container (the outer periphery of the container) and the porosity of the granular material 3 elsewhere (the center of the container) is calculated. In other words, the difference between the porosity in the area where the granular material 3 and the deformation layer 15 come into contact and the porosity in the area where the granular material 3 come into contact with each other is calculated. The difference between the porosity in the outer periphery of the container (the area where the granular material 3 and the deformation layer 15 come into contact) and the porosity in the center of the container (the area where the granular material 3 come into contact with each other) is also referred to as the porosity difference.

[0043] When the porosity difference is greater than a predetermined value, the difference in temperature rise time between the predetermined range (periphery) and the rest (center) becomes larger. As a result, when the porosity difference is greater than a predetermined value, the time required for the entire container to reach 100°C becomes longer. Conversely, when the porosity difference is equal to or less than a predetermined value, aging variation (uneven processing) is reduced. Furthermore, when the porosity difference is equal to or less than a predetermined value, the temperature rise efficiency by water vapor increases. The predetermined value to be compared with the porosity difference is set to 10% in an experiment conducted under certain conditions, as described below. The predetermined value is not limited to 10% and may be set to a different value depending on the conditions.

[0044] Through the experiments described above, the difference in void fraction within the container or the difference in temperature rise time within the container may be obtained for each combination of the particle size of the granular material 3 and the conditions of the deformation layer 15. In designing the aeration treatment equipment 12, the conditions of the deformation layer 15 (such as the material of the deformation layer 15, the elastic modulus of the deformation layer 15, or the thickness of the deformation layer 15) may be determined so that the difference in void fraction within the container or the difference in temperature rise time within the container satisfies the conditions according to the particle size of the granular material 3 to be subjected to aeration treatment. Specifically, the conditions of the deformation layer 15 may be determined according to the particle size of the granular material 3 so that the difference in void fraction is 10% or less.

[0045] The experimental results may be represented as a table that associates the particle size of the granular material 3 with the conditions of the deformation layer 15 that are suitable for each particle size of the granular material 3. When designing the aeration treatment equipment 12, the conditions of the deformation layer 15 that are associated with the particle size of the granular material 3 to be subjected to aeration treatment may be extracted from the table and determined.

[0046] As described above, the design method for the aeration treatment equipment 12 may include a step of determining at least one of the material of the deformation layer 15, the elastic modulus of the deformation layer 15, the thickness of the deformation layer 15, or the particle size of the granular material 3 so that the difference (void ratio difference) between the void ratio at the portion where the granular material 3 and the deformation layer 15 abut and the void ratio at the portion where the granular material 3 abuts each other is less than a predetermined value.

[0047] (summary) As described above, the ventilation treatment equipment 12 according to this embodiment can reduce the difference in porosity of the granular materials 3 piled in the treatment area by providing the deformation layer 15. As a result, the variation in aging or the loss of water vapor is suppressed.

[0048] (Example) An example of the ventilation treatment facility 12 according to this embodiment will be described below.

[0049] <Examples 1 to 4> In Examples 1 to 4, experiments were conducted using four types of elastic material as the deformation layer 15. The deformation layer 15 using each of the four types of elastic material was installed on the entire inner wall surface of the partition wall of the processing area. The elastic materials used in Examples 1 to 4 were identified as elastic materials A to D, respectively. The elastic modulus of elastic material A was 1.8 MPa. The elastic modulus of elastic material B was 1.1 MPa. The elastic modulus of elastic material C was 0.6 MPa. The elastic modulus of elastic material D was 2.5 MPa. The elastic modulus is calculated by dividing the stress applied to the elastic material by the strain of the elastic material (the amount of contraction of the elastic material). Slag (CS40) with a maximum particle size of 40 mm was used as the granular material 3 to be piled in the processing area. Furthermore, in Examples 1 to 4, an elastic material with a thickness of 50 mm was used, which was confirmed by a preliminary experiment to ensure that the porosity difference of the slag was 10% or less. Furthermore, in a preliminary experiment, it was confirmed that the smaller the elastic modulus of the elastic material used as the deformation layer 15, the smaller the difference in void ratio of the slag.

[0050] On the other hand, as Comparative Example 1, an experiment was carried out in which the deformation layer 15 was not provided on the inner wall surface of the partition wall in the processing area.

[0051] In Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1, the temperature rise rate difference was measured using a thermocouple near the partition wall of the processing area (periphery) and in other areas (for example, the center, etc.). The temperature rise rate difference was measured as the difference in time it took for the steam to arrive (the difference in time it took to reach 100°C). The measurement results of the temperature rise time difference for Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1 are shown in Table 1, corresponding to the elastic modulus. The unit of elastic modulus is megapascals (MPa). The unit of the temperature rise time difference is hours (h).

[0052] [Table 1]

[0053] The temperature rise time difference in Examples 1 to 4, which included a deformation layer 15, was smaller than that in Comparative Example 1. Furthermore, the temperature rise time difference in Example 4, which used elastic material D with an elastic modulus greater than 2.0 MPa, was larger than that in Examples 1 to 3, which used elastic materials A to C with an elastic modulus of 2.0 MPa or less. If the elastic modulus of the deformation layer 15 is too high, the deformation layer 15 will be less likely to deform along the shape of the granular material 3. Therefore, when an elastic material is used as the deformation layer 15, an elastic material with an elastic modulus of 2.0 MPa or less may be used as the deformation layer 15. Furthermore, the lower the elastic modulus of the deformation layer 15, the more easily the deformation layer 15 will deform along the shape of the granular material 3. The elastic modulus of the deformation layer 15 may be determined taking into consideration the ease of deformation when the granular material 3 comes into contact with the deformation layer 15 and the ease of restoration when the granular material 3 is released from the deformation layer 15. Furthermore, in Examples 1 to 3, the temperature rise time difference decreased as the elastic modulus of the elastic materials A to C decreased. As described above, the smaller the elastic modulus of the elastic material used as the deformation layer 15, the smaller the difference in slag porosity. In other words, the smaller the elastic modulus of the elastic materials A to C, the smaller the difference in slag porosity and the smaller the difference in temperature rise time.

[0054] From a similar perspective, the thickness of deformation layer 15 may be made at least half the maximum particle size of granular material 3 so that deformation layer 15 can sufficiently deform along the shape of granular material 3 when granular material 3 comes into contact with deformation layer 15.

[0055] <Examples 5 to 7> In Examples 5 to 7, experiments were conducted using the deformation layer 15 with three different conditions. In each Example, the conditions of the deformation layer 15 (such as the material of the deformation layer 15, the elastic modulus of the deformation layer 15, or the thickness of the deformation layer 15) were set so that the porosity difference was different. In Examples 5 to 7, the temperature rise rate difference was measured using a thermocouple near the partition wall of the processing area (periphery) and in other areas (such as the center). The temperature rise rate difference was measured as the difference in time until the steam arrived (the difference in time until the temperature reached 100°C). The measurement results of the temperature rise time difference for Examples 5 to 7 are shown in Table 2, corresponding to the porosity difference. The porosity difference is expressed in percent (%). The temperature rise time difference is expressed in hours (h).

[0056] [Table 2]

[0057] In Examples 5 to 7, in which the porosity difference was varied, the temperature rise time difference decreased as the porosity difference decreased. Furthermore, the temperature rise time difference in Example 7, in which the porosity difference was greater than 10%, increased more rapidly than the temperature rise time differences in Examples 5 and 6, in which the porosity difference was 10% or less.

[0058] Furthermore, in this embodiment, from the viewpoint of improving the steam consumption rate, the temperature rise time difference of the slag is required to be at least half or less than that of Comparative Example 1, in which the deformation layer 15 is not provided. Considering that the temperature rise time difference of Comparative Example 1 shown in Table 1 was 16 hours, in this embodiment, the conditions of the deformation layer 15 are required to be determined so that the temperature rise time difference is less than 8 hours. Therefore, the conditions of the deformation layer 15 may be determined so that the porosity difference is 10% or less.

[0059] (Other embodiments) Hereinafter, a configuration example of the ventilation treatment facility 12 according to another embodiment will be described.

[0060] <Position of deformation layer 15> In the aeration treatment equipment 12 according to the embodiment described above, the deformation layer 15 is provided on the entire inner wall surface of the partition wall. The deformation layer 15 does not have to be provided on the entire inner wall surface of the partition wall. In other words, the deformation layer 15 only needs to be provided on at least a portion of the inner wall surface of the partition wall.

[0061] As illustrated in FIG. 5, the ventilation treatment equipment 12 may include a deformation layer 15 on a portion of the inner wall of the partition walls 13b and 13c that divide the treatment area of ​​the ventilation treatment equipment 12. In the ventilation treatment equipment 12 of FIG. 5, water vapor flows along the water vapor flow path 6. The water vapor flow path 6 extends from the permeation layer 2 at the bottom of the treatment area to the top of the treatment area. The deformation layer 15 may be located only partially in the direction of the water vapor flow path 6 on the inner wall surface where the partition wall abuts the granular material 3. If the water vapor flow path 6 extends in the height direction of the partition wall, the deformation layer 15 may be located only partially in the height direction of the partition wall. By locating the deformation layer 15 in a portion of the direction of the water vapor flow path 6 (the height direction of the partition wall), the ventilation resistance of water vapor near the partition wall (the outer periphery of the treatment area) increases. Therefore, even if the deformation layer 15 is located only partially in the direction of the water vapor flow path 6, the flow rate of water vapor in the outer periphery of the treatment area is restricted. By restricting the flow rate of water vapor at the periphery of the treatment area, the difference in water vapor flow rate between the periphery and the center of the treatment area is reduced, thereby suppressing aging variations or water vapor loss in the aeration treatment equipment 12.

[0062] In other words, during aeration in the treatment area, water vapor flows from the bottom to the top of the treatment area. The deformation layer 15 may be located at least in part of the direction in which water vapor flows (the direction from the bottom to the top of the treatment area, or the height direction of the partition wall) on the surface where the partition wall that separates the treatment area abuts against the granular material 3. In other words, the deformation layer 15 may be located at least in part of the surface where the partition wall abuts against the granular material 3, in a predetermined direction. The predetermined direction corresponds to the direction in which water vapor flows from the bottom to the top along the partition wall (the height direction of the partition wall).

[0063] When the processing area is viewed from top to bottom in a plan view, the deformation layer 15 does not have to be located over the entire area along the partition wall on the periphery of the processing area. The deformation layer 15 may be located only in a portion of the area along the partition wall. Even if the deformation layer 15 is located only in a portion of the area along the partition wall, the difference in water vapor flow rate between the periphery and center of the processing area will be smaller than if the deformation layer 15 were not present at all.

[0064] When the processing area is viewed from top to bottom in a plan view, the deformation layer 15 may be continuous along the partition wall on the periphery of the processing area. By having the deformation layer 15 continuous along the partition wall on the periphery of the processing area, the path where the airflow resistance of water vapor is small near the partition wall of the processing area is blocked. By blocking the path where the airflow resistance of water vapor is small near the partition wall of the processing area, the difference in the flow rate of water vapor between the periphery and center of the processing area is further reduced.

[0065] <Aeration treatment inside the container> The aeration treatment equipment 12 according to the embodiment described above supplies a gas such as water vapor to the granular material 3 piled in a treatment area surrounded by partition walls, thereby performing aeration treatment on the granular material 3. The aeration treatment equipment 12 may be configured to store the granular material 3 in a container having an inlet and outlet for the gas used for aeration treatment, and to perform aeration treatment on the granular material 3 by supplying the gas into the container.

[0066] Even when aeration treatment of granular material 3 is performed inside a container, the gas flow rate may increase near the inner wall of the container due to the wall effect and decrease relatively near the center of the container. The aeration treatment equipment 12 may have a deformation layer 15 on the inner wall of the container. The deformation layer 15 may be installed on the entire inner wall of the container. The deformation layer 15 may also be installed on a portion of the inner wall of the container. During aeration treatment inside the container, gas flows from the inlet to the outlet of the container. The deformation layer 15 may be located on at least a portion of the surface of the inner wall of the container that abuts against the granular material 3 in the direction in which the gas flows (the direction from the inlet to the outlet of the container). In other words, the deformation layer 15 may be located on at least a portion of the surface of the inner wall of the container that abuts against the granular material 3 in a predetermined direction. The predetermined direction corresponds to the direction in which the gas flows along the inner wall of the container from the inlet to the outlet.

[0067] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described based on the drawings and examples, it should be noted that those skilled in the art could make various modifications or alterations based on the present disclosure. Therefore, it should be noted that these modifications and alterations are included within the scope of the present disclosure. For example, the functions included in each component or step can be rearranged so as not to cause logical inconsistencies, and multiple components or steps can be combined or divided into one. The embodiments of the present disclosure can also be realized as a program executed by a processor included in an apparatus or a storage medium on which a program is recorded. It should be understood that these are also included within the scope of the present disclosure. [Explanation of symbols]

[0068] 3 Particulate matter 6 Steam flow path 7 Yen (void) 12 Aeration treatment equipment (2: permeation layer, 4: steam pipe, 5: supply device, 13a to 13c: partition wall, 15: deformation layer)

Claims

1. An aeration treatment facility for performing aeration treatment of granular material, a partition wall located at least in a part of a boundary portion that defines an area for containing the granular material; a supply device that supplies gas to the granular material in a predetermined direction along the partition wall; a deformation layer located at least in a part of the surface of the partition wall that contacts the granular material in the predetermined direction, the deformation layer deforming to conform to the outer shape of the granular material when the granular material contacts the deformation layer; Aeration treatment equipment equipped with:

2. the particulate matter is slag; 2. The aeration treatment facility according to claim 1, wherein the gas supplied by the supply device is water vapor for aging the slag.

3. The deformation layer is an elastic material, The elastic modulus of the elastic material is 2.0 MPa or less. The aeration treatment facility according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The ventilation treatment facility according to claim 3 , wherein the elastic material includes at least one of silicone, urethane, natural rubber, nitrile rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, and chloroprene rubber.

5. 4. The aeration treatment facility according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of the deformation layer is at least half the maximum particle size of the granular material.

6. An aeration treatment facility for performing aeration treatment on granular material, a partition wall located at least in a part of a boundary portion that defines an area for containing the granular material; a supply device that supplies gas to the granular material in a predetermined direction along the partition wall; a deformation layer that is located in at least a part of the surface of the partition wall that contacts the granular material in the predetermined direction and that deforms when the granular material contacts the deformation layer; The design method for a ventilation treatment facility includes a step of determining at least one of the material of the deformation layer, the elastic modulus of the deformation layer, the thickness of the deformation layer, or the particle size of the granular material so that the difference between the void ratio at the portion where the granular material and the deformation layer contact each other and the void ratio at the portion where the granular material contacts each other is equal to or less than a predetermined value.

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