Work deformation correction device and machine tool

Abstract

To provide a workpiece deformation correcting device that can correct workpiece deformation, and to provide a machine tool.SOLUTION: A workpiece deformation correcting device is included in a machine tool. The machine tool includes: a first spindle for holding a workpiece W; a B axis turning tool holding part 45B for holding an end mill 46d1 for machining a workpiece W held on the first spindle; and a first tool movement mechanism for moving the B axis turning tool holding part 45B relative to a workpiece W. The workpiece deformation correcting device includes a pusher 48 for correcting deformation of a workpiece W by pushing the workpiece W held on the first spindle.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a workpiece deformation correcting device and a machine tool. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, the machine tool described in Patent Document 1 processes a workpiece held by a spindle with various tools. Furthermore, for example, Patent Document 2 discloses that a cylindrical collet chuck body is provided with a slot. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-062705 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 2887657 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In the configuration described in Patent Document 1, the workpiece held by the spindle undergoes plastic deformation due to various causes. These causes include internal strain in the workpiece material itself, processing strain generated in the workpiece during processing, and processing heat generated in the workpiece due to friction with the tool during processing. As an example, as described in Patent Document 2, when a cylindrical workpiece is slotted, the workpiece undergoes plastic deformation such that it warps radially outward. This type of plastic deformation of the workpiece can cause problems such as a reduction in the shape accuracy of the workpiece after processing and difficulty in transferring the workpiece between the two spindles.

[0005] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, and has an object to provide a workpiece deformation correcting device and a machine tool that can correct deformation of a workpiece. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, a workpiece deformation straightening device according to a first aspect of the present invention is a workpiece deformation straightening device provided in a machine tool including a first spindle that holds a workpiece, a second spindle that receives the machined workpiece from the first spindle, a tool holding unit that holds a tool for machining the workpiece held by the first spindle and a tool for cutting off the workpiece held by the first spindle and the second spindle, and a movement mechanism that moves the tool holding unit relative to the workpiece, and further includes a pusher that pushes the workpiece held by the first spindle before it is transferred to the second spindle, thereby plastically deforming the workpiece and correcting warpage facing radially outward, which is deformation of the workpiece caused by machining. The machine tool includes a support base that supports the tool holding unit and is moved together with the tool holding unit by the moving mechanism, the pusher is provided so as to be movable together with the support base, and the pusher is attached to and held by the tool holding unit, and the work deformation correction device includes a correction processing unit that, after the work is processed by a tool, moves the pusher via the moving mechanism and pushes the work by a preset pushing amount, thereby correcting deformation of the work caused by processing, and the tool holding unit has a plurality of tools attached thereto that are separate from the pusher, and a shape of an attachment portion of the pusher to the tool holding unit is the same as a shape of an attachment portion of the tool to the tool holding unit, and the pusher does not come into contact with the work during processing using the tool. . In order to achieve the above object, a workpiece deformation correcting device according to a second aspect of the present invention is a workpiece deformation correcting device provided in a machine tool including a spindle that holds a workpiece, a tool holding unit that holds a tool for machining the workpiece held by the spindle, and a moving mechanism that moves the tool holding unit relative to the workpiece, and further including a pusher that corrects deformation of the workpiece by pushing the workpiece held by the spindle, the pusher being held by the tool holding unit, and a correction processing unit that performs a correction process after the workpiece is machined by the tool by moving the pusher via the moving mechanism and pushing the workpiece with the pusher by a predetermined amount to correct deformation of the workpiece caused by machining, wherein the moving mechanism processes each of a plurality of ranges set along the axial direction of the workpiece in turn, and the correction processing unit performs the correction process by pushing the most recently machined range with the pusher after each machining is performed. In order to achieve the above object, a workpiece deformation correcting device according to a third aspect of the present invention is a workpiece deformation correcting device provided in a machine tool including a spindle that holds a workpiece, a tool holding unit that holds a tool for machining the workpiece held by the spindle, and a moving mechanism that moves the tool holding unit relative to the workpiece, and further including a pusher that corrects deformation of the workpiece by pushing the workpiece held by the spindle, the pusher being held by the tool holding unit, and a correction processing unit that performs a correction process after the workpiece is machined by the tool by moving the pusher via the moving mechanism and pushing the workpiece with the pusher by a predetermined amount, thereby correcting deformation of the workpiece caused by machining, and the moving mechanism performs slitting on the workpiece held by the spindle using the tool, and the correction processing unit performs the correction process after the slitting to straighten the workpiece in a warped state due to the slitting.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention 4 The machine tool according to the above point of view is Regarding the first aspect a workpiece deformation correction device; No. 1 The main axis and The second main shaft; The tool holding unit and the movement mechanism are provided. In order to achieve the above object, a machine tool according to a fifth aspect of the present invention comprises the workpiece deformation correcting device according to the second aspect or the workpiece deformation correcting device according to the third aspect, the spindle, the tool holding unit, and the movement mechanism. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present invention, deformation of a workpiece can be corrected. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] 1 is a front view of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2] 1 is a plan view of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 3] 1 is a side view of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 4] 1 is a partially enlarged plan view of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 5]5(a) to 5(f) are schematic diagrams showing the operation during workpiece machining according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] 5(a) to 5(f) are schematic diagrams showing the operation during workpiece machining according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged side view of a machine tool according to a modified example of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] Hereinafter, a workpiece deformation correcting device and a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, machine tool 1, which is a lathe, includes a bed S, which is a base of machine tool 1, a first spindle unit 10 having a first spindle 11, a second spindle unit 20 having a second spindle 21, a first spindle moving mechanism 13Z, second spindle moving mechanisms 25X, 25Z, first tool moving mechanisms 42X, 42Y, a second tool moving mechanism 27Y, a first tool unit 45, a second tool unit 26, a guide bush 18, and a control unit 300. Hereinafter, the axial direction along the rotation axes of the first main shaft 11 and the second main shaft 21 is defined as the Z-axis direction, the height direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction is defined as the Y-axis direction, and the depth direction perpendicular to the Y-axis and Z-axis directions is defined as the X-axis direction.

[0011] As shown in Fig. 1, the first spindle unit 10 holds and rotates a workpiece W. Specifically, the first spindle unit 10 includes a first spindle 11 and a first headstock 12 that rotatably supports the first spindle 11. The first spindle 11 grips one end of the workpiece W. A workpiece rotation motor (not shown) that rotates the first spindle 11 is built into the first headstock 12. The guide bush 18 is provided at a position facing the first spindle 11 in the Z-axis direction, and rotatably supports the workpiece W held by the first spindle 11 from the periphery. The guide bush 18 is fixedly provided on the bed S. The portion of the workpiece W held by the first spindle 11 that protrudes from the guide bush 18 toward the second spindle 21 is machined by the first tool unit 45.

[0012] 2, the second spindle unit 20 is provided at a position that allows it to face the first spindle unit 10 in the Z-axis direction via a guide bush 18, and holds and rotates the workpiece W received from the first spindle unit 10. The second spindle unit 20 includes a second spindle 21 that grips the other end of the workpiece W, a second headstock 22 that rotatably supports the second spindle 21, and a drill holder 28. A workpiece rotation motor (not shown) that rotates the second spindle 21 is built into the second headstock 22.

[0013] As shown in FIG. 4, the drill holding unit 28 holds a plurality of tools 29a, 29b and is attached to the second headstock 22 so as to be movable together with the second headstock 22. The drill holding unit 28 holds the plurality of tools 29a, 29b on a side of the second spindle 21 in the X-axis direction (the side farther from the second tool unit 26). The drill holding unit 28 holds the plurality of tools 29a, 29b so that they extend along the Z-axis direction and are aligned in the X-axis direction. The tool 29a is a deep-hole drill and is used to form deep holes in the workpiece W held by the first spindle 11. The tool 29b is a finishing reamer that smooths the hole formed by the tool 29a.

[0014] 1, the first spindle moving mechanism 13Z moves the first spindle unit 10 in the Z-axis direction. The second spindle moving mechanism 25Z moves the second spindle unit 20 in the Z-axis direction. The first tool moving mechanism 42Y moves the first tool unit 45 in the Y-axis direction. 2, the second spindle moving mechanism 25X moves the second spindle unit 20 in the X-axis direction so that it can face the guide bush 18 and the second tool unit 26. The first tool moving mechanism 42X moves the first tool unit 45 in the X-axis direction. The second tool moving mechanism 27Y moves the second tool unit 26 in the Y-axis direction. The first spindle moving mechanism 13Z, the second spindle moving mechanisms 25X and 25Z, the first tool moving mechanisms 42X and 42Y, and the second tool moving mechanism 27Y each have a motor, a ball screw, a nut, and the like.

[0015] As shown in FIG. 3, the first tool unit 45 includes a gate member 45g, tool holders 45L and 45R, a B-axis swivel tool holder 45B, a cross drill holder 45C, a plurality of tools 46a, 46b, 46c, 46d, and 46e, and a pusher 48. The gate member 45g is formed in a frame shape that surrounds the outer periphery of the workpiece W held by the first spindle 11. The gate member 45g is configured to be movable in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction by the first tool moving mechanisms 42X, 42Y. Tool holders 45L, 45R, a B-axis swivel tool holder 45B, and a cross drill holder 45C are fixed to the gate member 45g.

[0016] The tool holding portions 45L, 45R are arranged to sandwich the workpiece W held by the guide bush 18 in the X-axis direction. The tool holding portion 45L is located closer to the second tool unit 26 than the tool holding portion 45R in the X-axis direction.

[0017] The tool holding unit 45L holds a plurality of tools 46a and a pusher 48. Each tool 46a is a fixed tool such as a cutting tool. The pusher 48 is used to correct deformation of the workpiece W. The tool holding unit 45L is a gang tool rest and holds a plurality of tools 46a and pushers 48 so that they extend along the X-axis direction and are aligned in the Y-axis direction. The pusher 48 is formed of a resin, such as nylon, particularly MC (monomer cast) nylon. The pusher 48 is formed, for example, in a rectangular column shape, similar to the tool 46a. As shown in FIG. 4, the pusher 48 has a pressing surface 48a that presses the workpiece W. Both corners of the pressing surface 48a in the Z-axis direction are curved. This prevents the pusher 48 from damaging the workpiece W.

[0018] The tool holder 45R holds a plurality of tools 46b. Each tool 46b is a fixed tool such as a cutting tool. The tool holder 45R is a gang tool rest and holds a plurality of tools 46a extending along the X-axis direction and aligned in the Y-axis direction.

[0019] The cross drill holder 45C is located above the tool holder 45L and faces the B-axis swivel tool holder 45B in the X-axis direction. The cross drill holder 45C holds multiple tools 46c. The multiple tools 46c are tools such as drills or end mills. The cross drill holder 45C holds the multiple tools 46c so that they extend along the X-axis direction and are aligned in the Y-axis direction. The cross drill holder 45C is equipped with a drive unit 45C1 such as a motor, and the drive force of the drive unit 45C1 rotates the attached tools 46c.

[0020] The B-axis swivel tool holder 45B is located above the tool holder 45R. The B-axis swivel tool holder 45B includes a swivel tool rest 45B1 that holds multiple tools 46d and 46e, and a drive unit 45B2, such as a motor, that rotates the swivel tool rest 45B1 about a rotation axis B. The tools 46d and 46e are tools such as drills or end mills. The rotation axis B extends along the Y-axis direction. The swivel tool rest 45B1 holds the multiple tools 46d and 46e so that they extend in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis B and are aligned in the Y-axis direction. The multiple tools 46d and the multiple tools 46e are held by the swivel tool rest 45B1 so that their cutting edges face opposite each other. 3, when the swivel angle of the swivel tool rest 45B1 is 90°, the cutting edges of the multiple tools 46d face the X-axis direction. At this time, the tools 46d can be brought into contact with the workpiece W from the X-axis direction to perform processing. 1, when the rotation angle of the swivel tool rest 45B1 is 0°, the cutting edges of the multiple tools 46d, 46e face the Z-axis direction. At this time, tool 46d can be brought into contact with the workpiece W held by the first spindle 11 from the Z-axis direction to perform machining. At this time, tool 46e can be brought into contact with the workpiece W held by the second spindle 21 from the Z-axis direction to perform machining. As shown in FIG. 4, one of the plurality of tools 46d is an end mill 46d1 that performs slotting, which will be described later.

[0021] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the second tool unit 26 processes the workpiece W gripped by the second spindle 21, and is configured to be movable in the Y-axis direction by a second tool moving mechanism 27Y. The second tool unit 26 includes a plurality of tools 26a and a tool holder 26b that holds the plurality of tools 26a. The plurality of tools 26a extend along the Z-axis direction and are aligned in the X-axis and Y-axis directions. The cutting edges of the tools 26a face away from the first spindle 11 in the Z-axis direction. When the second tool unit 26 moves in the Y-axis direction, any one of the plurality of tools 26a aligned in the Y-axis direction can be selectively used for machining. When the second spindle 21 moves in the X-axis direction, any one of the plurality of tools 26a aligned in the X-axis direction can be selectively used for machining.

[0022] 1 and 2, the control unit 300 controls the first spindle unit 10, the second spindle unit 20, the first spindle moving mechanism 13Z, the second spindle moving mechanisms 25X and 25Z, the first tool moving mechanisms 42X and 42Y, and the second tool moving mechanism 27Y. The control unit 300 includes, for example, a processing unit such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) (not shown), and a memory such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) that stores a program that defines the processing procedures to be performed by the processing unit. The control unit 300 also includes a correction processing unit 301 that performs a correction process to correct deformation of the workpiece W held by the first spindle 11. The pusher 48 and the correction processing unit 301 constitute a workpiece deformation correction device.

[0023] Next, the machining process executed by the control unit 300 will be described. The control unit 300 executes this machining process in accordance with a pre-created NC (Numerical Control) program. The correction process by the correction processing unit 301 is executed as part of the NC program. In this NC program, the workpiece W is machined into a thin-walled cylindrical shape, and further machined to form multiple circumferential slits. The workpiece W is made of, for example, a titanium-based material, and is used for medical products.

[0024] The control unit 300 holds a cylindrical workpiece W supplied from outside with the first spindle 11, and rotates the workpiece W together with the first spindle 11 while being supported by the guide bush 18. Then, the end face of the workpiece W held by the first spindle 11 is machined with a cutting bit, which is the tool 46b held by the tool holding unit 45R, thereby facing the end face of the workpiece W. Next, the control unit 300 moves the swivel tool rest 45B1 via the first tool moving mechanisms 42X, 42Y with the swivel angle of the swivel tool rest 45B1 set to 0° (see Figure 1), and forms a center hole in the end surface of the workpiece W using one of the center hole forming tools from the multiple tools 46d, and then forms a pilot hole in the end surface of the workpiece W using one of the pilot hole forming tools from the multiple tools 46d.

[0025] Then, the control unit 300 moves the drill holding unit 28 together with the second spindle unit 20 via the second spindle moving mechanisms 25X and 25Z as shown by arrow J1 in FIG. 4, so that the cutting edge of the tool 29a held by the drill holding unit 28 faces the end face of the workpiece W. Thereafter, the control unit 300 moves the tool 29a in the Z-axis direction toward the workpiece W via the second spindle moving mechanism 25Z, and forms a deep hole in the workpiece W. This machines the workpiece W into a cylindrical shape. Next, in a similar manner, the control unit 300 moves the drill holding unit 28 via the second spindle moving mechanisms 25X and 25Z, and finishes the deep hole using the tool 29b held by the drill holding unit 28.

[0026] Then, the control unit 300 stops the rotation of the first spindle 11 and sets the rotation angle of the first spindle 11 holding the workpiece W to 0°. Also, the control unit 300 sets the rotation angle of the swivel tool rest 45B1 to 90° (see FIG. 3) and moves the swivel tool rest 45B1 via the first tool moving mechanisms 42X and 42Y, so that the tip of the end mill 46d1 faces the workpiece W in the X-axis direction, as shown in FIG. 5(a). In this example, the control unit 300 performs slotting processing in turn for each of the multiple (four in this example) processing ranges H1, H2, H3, and H4 set along the axial direction of the workpiece W, as shown in Figures 5(a) to (f) and 6(a) to (f), and the correction processing unit 301 performs a correction process in which the pusher 48 pushes the most recently processed ranges H1, H2, H3, and H4 after slotting processing has been performed for each processing range H1, H2, H3, and H4. First, the processing and straightening of the processing range H1 will be described. As shown in Fig. 5(b), while rotating the end mill 46d1, the workpiece W is fed in the Z-axis direction toward the end mill 46d1, thereby performing slitting on the machining range H1 of the workpiece W. This slitting creates a slit at one location in the circumferential direction of the workpiece W. The machining range H1 is an area set in the axial direction of the workpiece W, and is set on the end face side of the workpiece W (the right side of Fig. 5(b)).

[0027] Next, the control unit 300 rotates the first spindle 11 by 180° and performs slitting on the machining range H1 of the workpiece W in the same manner as described above, as shown in FIG. 5(c). Once this slitting is completed, the first spindle 11 is rotated by 90°, as shown in FIG. 5(d). This slitting creates two slits in the workpiece W at positions 180° apart in the circumferential direction, dividing the workpiece W into two portions P1 and P2 in the circumferential direction in the machining range H1. At this time, warping, which is plastic deformation, occurs in the machining range H1 of the workpiece W. In other words, each of the two portions P1 and P2 of the workpiece W warps away from the central axis of the workpiece W as it approaches the end face of the workpiece W.

[0028] Next, the correction processing unit 301 performs a correction process to correct the warpage of the workpiece W by pushing the processing range H1 of the workpiece W with the pusher 48. In detail, the straightening processing unit 301 moves the tool holding unit 45L via the first tool moving mechanisms 42X and 42Y, and, as shown in FIG. 5(e), pushes the portion P2 of the workpiece W by a pushing amount using the pusher 48 toward the central axis of the workpiece W. This pushing amount is set based on the position of the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W without warpage. Before the pusher 48 pushes the workpiece W, the workpiece W is fed in the Z-axis direction relative to the pusher 48, thereby adjusting the position of the pusher 48 relative to the workpiece W. In this example, the pushing surface 48a of the pusher 48 pushes the end of the processing range H1 on the guide bush 18 side (the left side in FIG. 5(e)). This reduces the pushing amount of the pusher 48. This completes the straightening of the portion P2 of the workpiece W. Next, in order to straighten the portion P1 of the workpiece W, the straightening processing unit 301 first rotates the first spindle 11 by 180° to position the pusher 48 facing the portion P1 of the workpiece W. 5(f), the pusher 48 corrects the portion P1 of the workpiece W. This completes the correction process for the processing range H1.

[0029] After machining and straightening of the machining range H1 is completed, machining and straightening are sequentially performed on the machining ranges H2, H3, and H4, similarly to the machining range H1. Specifically, to machine the machining range H2, as shown in FIG. 6(a), the workpiece W is first fed in the Z-axis direction so that the machining range H2 protrudes from the guide bush 18. Then, slitting is performed on the machining range H2 of the workpiece W so as to deepen one of the slits in the machining range H1 of the workpiece W in the Z-axis direction. Once this slitting is completed, the first spindle 11 is rotated 180°. The machining range H2 is set to a range adjacent to the machining range H1. Then, as shown in FIG. 6(b), slitting is performed on the machining range H2 of the workpiece W so as to deepen the other slit in the machining range H1 of the workpiece W. As a result, the workpiece W is warped due to the slitting of the machining range H2. Therefore, as shown in Figure 6(c), the warpage of the portion P2 of the workpiece W is corrected by pushing the portion P2 with the pusher 48, and as shown in Figure 6(d), the warpage of the portion P1 of the workpiece W is corrected by pushing the portion P1 with the pusher 48. Next, slitting is performed on the processing range H3 in the same manner as for the processing ranges H1 and H2. Specifically, in order to process the processing range H3, the workpiece W is fed in the Z-axis direction so that the processing range H3 protrudes from the guide bush 18, as shown in Fig. 6(e). Then, after slitting is performed on both sides of the processing range H3 of the workpiece W in turn, the portions P2 and P1 of the workpiece W are pushed in turn by the pusher 48, thereby correcting the warpage of the workpiece W. Then, slitting is performed on the processing range H4 in the same manner as for the processing ranges H1, H2, and H3. Specifically, in order to process the processing range H4, the workpiece W is fed in the Z-axis direction so that the processing range H4 protrudes from the guide bush 18, as shown in Fig. 6(f). Then, after slitting is performed on both sides of the processing range H4 of the workpiece W in turn, the portions P2 and P1 of the workpiece W are pushed in turn by the pusher 48, thereby correcting the warpage of the workpiece W. This completes the machining and straightening of the machining ranges H1, H2, H3, and H4.

[0030] When machining and straightening of the machining ranges H1, H2, H3, and H4 are completed, the control unit 300 moves the second spindle unit 20 in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction via the second spindle moving mechanisms 25X and 25Z so that the second spindle 21 faces the first spindle 11. Then, the control unit 300 transfers the workpiece W from the first spindle 11 to the second spindle 21. At this time, since the workpiece W has been straightened, the transfer of the workpiece W can be ensured. Specifically, while the workpiece W is being held and rotated by the first spindle 11 and the second spindle 21, the control unit 300 cuts the workpiece W using the parting tool 46a of the tool holder 45L. This enables the second spindle 21 to hold the cylindrical workpiece W with the two cut-out slits.

[0031] Next, the control unit 300 performs machining on the workpiece W held by the second spindle 21 using the second tool unit 26 or the tool 46e held on the swivel tool rest 45B1. When this machining is completed, the control unit 300 ejects the workpiece W from the second spindle 21 to a workpiece separator (not shown). This completes the machining process. This machining process is performed for each workpiece W to be machined.

[0032] (effect) According to the embodiment described above, the following effects are achieved. (1) The workpiece deformation correction device is provided on a machine tool 1. The machine tool 1 includes a first spindle 11 which is an example of a spindle that holds the workpiece W, a B-axis swivel tool holder 45B which is an example of a tool holder that holds an end mill 46d1 which is an example of a tool that machines the workpiece W held by the first spindle 11, and first tool moving mechanisms 42X, 42Y which are an example of a moving mechanism that moves the B-axis swivel tool holder 45B relative to the workpiece W. The workpiece deformation correction device includes a pusher 48 that corrects deformation of the workpiece W by pushing the workpiece W held by the first spindle 11 after the workpiece W has been machined by the end mill 46d1. According to this configuration, the pusher 48 can correct deformation of the workpiece W caused by the various factors described above. This can improve the shape accuracy of the workpiece W. Also, the workpiece W can be smoothly transferred between the first spindle 11 and the second spindle 21. In particular, parting off can be reliably performed while the workpiece W is held between the first spindle 11 and the second spindle 21.

[0033] (2) The machine tool 1 includes a gate member 45g, which is an example of a support table that supports the B-axis swivel tool holder 45B and is moved together with the B-axis swivel tool holder 45B by the first tool moving mechanisms 42X and 42Y. The pusher 48 is provided so as to be movable together with the gate member 45g. According to this configuration, the pusher 48 is moved by the first tool moving mechanisms 42X and 42Y, so there is no need for a separate moving mechanism for the pusher 48, resulting in a simple configuration and reduced costs.

[0034] (3) The pusher 48 is held by the tool holding unit 45L. The workpiece deformation correction device includes a correction processing unit 301 that performs a correction process to correct deformation of the workpiece W caused by processing by moving the pusher 48 via the first tool moving mechanisms 42X, 42Y after the workpiece W is processed by the end mill 46d1 and pushing the workpiece W by the pusher 48 by a preset pushing amount. According to this configuration, the mechanical configuration requires only attaching the pusher 48 to the tool holding portion 45L, so the installation work is simple and it is easy to retrofit the work deformation correcting device to an existing machine tool. Furthermore, similarly to the above, a movement mechanism unique to the pusher 48 is not required, which allows for a simple configuration and reduced costs. Furthermore, the pushing amount of the pusher 48 can be easily and freely set by setting the movement amount of the first tool moving mechanisms 42X and 42Y.

[0035] (4) The first tool moving mechanisms 42X, 42Y sequentially perform machining (for example, slitting) on ​​each of the multiple machining ranges H1, H2, H3, and H4 set along the axial direction of the workpiece W. After each machining, the correction processing unit 301 performs a correction process in which the pusher 48 pushes the most recently machined ranges H1, H2, H3, and H4. According to this configuration, even if the area to be machined of the workpiece W is long, it is possible to machine and straighten the workpiece W with higher accuracy.

[0036] (5) The first tool moving mechanisms 42X, 42Y perform slitting using the end mill 46d1 on the workpiece W held by the first spindle 11. After the slitting, the straightening processing unit 301 performs straightening processing to straighten the workpiece W that has been warped due to the slitting. According to this configuration, the workpiece W is straightened, so that it is possible to include slitting of the workpiece W, which is prone to large deformation, in the processing steps.

[0037] (6) The machine tool 1 includes a workpiece deformation correcting device, a first spindle 11, a B-axis swivel tool holder 45B, and first tool moving mechanisms 42X and 42Y. According to this configuration, it is possible to include a correction process of the workpiece W by the workpiece deformation correction device in the machining process of the machine tool 1. Therefore, all of the machining processes of the workpiece W can be performed by the machine tool 1 alone.

[0038] The present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments and drawings. Modifications (including deletion of components) may be made as appropriate within the scope of the present disclosure. An example of such a modification is described below.

[0039] (Variation) In the above embodiment, the four machining ranges H1, H2, H3, and H4 of the workpiece W are machined and straightened in order, but the number of machining ranges is not limited to four and may be three or less or five or more. For example, the longer the workpiece W, the more machining ranges are preferably set. Furthermore, if the workpiece W is made of a material or has a shape that is easily deformed by machining, the length of the machining range is preferably set short. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the lengths of the processing ranges H1, H2, H3, and H4 are set to be the same, but this is not limitative and they may be set to be different from one another.

[0040] In the above embodiment, the pusher 48 is made of resin, but it may be made of metal, rubber, or other materials other than resin. Also, the main body of the pusher 48 may be made of metal, and only the portion including the pressing surface 48a may be made of resin, rubber, or the like. In the above embodiment, slits are formed at two locations 180° apart in the circumferential direction of the workpiece W, but the number and locations of the slits can be changed as appropriate.

[0041] In the above embodiment, the B-axis swivel tool holder 45B is configured so that the swivel tool rest 45B1 can be rotated around the rotation axis B, but this is not limited thereto and the B-axis swivel tool holder 45B1 may be fixed to the gate member 45g so as not to be swivelable.

[0042] In the above embodiment, the pusher 48 is held by the tool holding portion 45L, but is not limited to this, and may be held by the B-axis swivel tool holding portion 45B, the cross drill holding portion 45C, or the tool holding portion 45R as long as it is movable together with the gate member 45g. The pusher 48 may also be attached to the gate member 45g. In the above embodiment, the pusher 48 and the end mill 46d1 are arranged on opposite sides of the first spindle 11 in the X-axis direction, but the arrangement positions are not limited to this. For example, both the pusher 48 and the end mill 46d1 may be arranged on one side of the first spindle 11 in the X-axis direction.

[0043] The shape of the pusher 48 in the above embodiment can be changed as appropriate. For example, the pusher 48 may be formed in a cylindrical, conical, or pyramidal shape. Furthermore, the pressing surface 48a of the pusher 48 may be formed in a curved concave shape that fits along the outer circumferential surface of the workpiece W.

[0044] In the correction process of the above embodiment, the position where the pusher 48 pushes the workpiece W can be changed as appropriate. For example, the pusher 48 may push the side of the processing range H1 of the workpiece W that is farther from the guide bush 18, or the pusher 48 may push the center of the processing range H1 in the Z-axis direction.

[0045] In the above embodiment, the cylindrical workpiece W is deformed so as to be warped when the slitting process is performed, but the deformation of the workpiece W is not limited to this and may be caused by other factors. For example, the workpiece W may be deformed by the processing pressure, processing heat, or internal strain on the rod-shaped workpiece held by the first spindle 11, and this deformation may be corrected.

[0046] In the above embodiment, the tool holders 45L and 45R, the B-axis swivel tool holder 45B, and the cross drill holder 45C are configured to be movable integrally by the first tool moving mechanisms 42X and 42Y. However, the tool holder 45L and the cross drill holder 45C located on one side in the X-axis direction (the left side in FIG. 3 ) and the tool holder 45R and the B-axis swivel tool holder 45B located on the other side in the X-axis direction (the right side in FIG. 3 ) may be configured to be movable independently in the X-axis and Y-axis directions. In this modification, the end mill 46d1 and the pusher 48 may be oriented perpendicular to each other. For example, as shown in FIG. 7 , the pusher 48 may be oriented in the X-axis direction and the end mill 46d1 in the Y-axis direction. This allows the pusher 48 to push the workpiece W without rotating the first spindle 11 after slitting the workpiece W. Furthermore, slitting and straightening of the workpiece W can be performed simultaneously. In summary, the three steps of the above embodiment, namely, slitting, rotation of the first main spindle 11, and pressing of the workpiece W by the pusher 48, can be performed as one step in this modified example. Furthermore, the tool holders 45L, 45R, the B-axis swivel tool holder 45B, and the cross drill holder 45C may be configured to be movable in the Z-axis direction. In this case, the first spindle unit 10 may be configured to be immovable in the Z-axis direction.

[0047] In the above embodiment, the pusher 48 is held by the tool holding portion 45L and can be moved together with the tools 46a, 46b, 46c, 46d, and 46e by the first tool moving mechanisms 42X and 42Y, but it may be configured to be movable by an independent moving mechanism, which makes it possible to perform slitting and straightening of the workpiece W simultaneously.

[0048] The timing at which the pusher 48 pushes the workpiece W in the above embodiment can be changed as appropriate. For example, after a slit is made in one location in the circumferential direction of the workpiece W by slitting, the first spindle 11 may be rotated by 90°, and then the workpiece W may be pushed by the pusher 48. Also, the workpiece W may be pushed by the pusher 48 before the workpiece W is processed. Alternatively, the workpiece W may be moved in the Z-axis direction and then pushed by the pusher 48 so that the pusher 48 contacts the warped portion of the workpiece W. Furthermore, the guide bush 18 in the above embodiment can be omitted. Furthermore, among the tool holders 45L and 45R, the B-axis swivel tool holder 45B, and the cross drill holder 45C, any configuration to which the pusher 48 or the end mill 46d1 is not attached may be omitted. That is, in the above embodiment, the tool holder 45R and the cross drill holder 45C can be omitted. Furthermore, the second spindle unit 20, the second tool moving mechanism 27Y, and the second tool unit 26 in the above embodiment may be omitted. [Explanation of symbols]

[0049] 1...machine tool, 10...first spindle unit, 11...first spindle, 12...first headstock, 13Z...first spindle movement mechanism, 18...guide bush, 20...second spindle unit, 21...second spindle, 22...second headstock, 25X, 25Z...second spindle movement mechanism, 26...second tool unit, 26a, 29a, 29b, 46a, 46b, 46c, 46d, 46e...tool, 26b, 45L, 45R...tool holder, 27Y...second tool movement mechanism, 28... Drill holding unit, 42X, 42Y...first tool moving mechanism, 45...first tool unit, 45B...B-axis swivel tool holding unit, 45C...cross drill holding unit, 45B1...swivel tool rest, 45C1, 45B2...drive unit, 45g...gate member, 46d1...end mill, 48...pusher, 48a...pressure surface, 300...control unit, 301...straightening processing unit, B...rotation axis, H1, H2, H3, H4...machining range, P1, P2...area, S...bed, W...workpiece

Claims

1. A work deformation correction device provided on a machine tool having a first spindle for holding a workpiece, a second spindle for receiving the machined workpiece from the first spindle, a tool holding unit for holding a tool for machining the workpiece held by the first spindle and a tool for cutting off the workpiece held by the first spindle and the second spindle, and a moving mechanism for moving the tool holding unit relative to the workpiece, a pusher that pushes the work held by the first spindle before being transferred to the second spindle to plastically deform the work, thereby correcting a warp directed radially outward, which is a deformation of the work caused by processing; the machine tool includes a support base that supports the tool holding unit and is moved together with the tool holding unit by the movement mechanism; The pusher is provided so as to be movable together with the support base, The pusher is attached to and held by the tool holding portion, the workpiece deformation correcting device includes a correction processing unit that, after the workpiece is processed by a tool, moves the pusher via the moving mechanism and pushes the workpiece with the pusher by a preset pushing amount, thereby performing a correction processing to correct deformation of the workpiece caused by processing, A plurality of tools separate from the pusher are attached to the tool holding portion, a shape of an attachment portion of the pusher to the tool holding portion is the same as a shape of an attachment portion of the tool to the tool holding portion; The pusher does not come into contact with the workpiece during processing using a tool. Workpiece deformation correction device.

2. A work deformation correcting device provided in a machine tool including a spindle that holds a workpiece, a tool holding unit that holds a tool for machining the workpiece held by the spindle, and a movement mechanism that moves the tool holding unit relative to the workpiece, a pusher that corrects deformation of the workpiece by pushing the workpiece held by the spindle; The pusher is held by the tool holding portion, The workpiece deformation correction device is a correction processing unit that performs a correction process to correct deformation of the workpiece caused by processing by moving the pusher via the moving mechanism and pushing the workpiece by the pusher by a predetermined pushing amount after processing the workpiece by the tool, the moving mechanism performs machining in sequence in each of a plurality of ranges set along the axial direction of the workpiece, the correction processing unit performs the correction process of pushing the most recently processed area with the pusher after each of the processes is performed. Workpiece deformation correction device.

3. A work deformation correcting device provided in a machine tool including a spindle that holds a workpiece, a tool holding unit that holds a tool for machining the workpiece held by the spindle, and a movement mechanism that moves the tool holding unit relative to the workpiece, a pusher that corrects deformation of the workpiece by pushing the workpiece held by the spindle; The pusher is held by the tool holding portion, The workpiece deformation correction device is a correction processing unit that performs a correction process to correct deformation of the workpiece caused by processing by moving the pusher via the moving mechanism and pushing the workpiece by the pusher by a predetermined pushing amount after processing the workpiece by the tool, the moving mechanism performs slitting on the workpiece held by the spindle using the tool; The correction processing unit performs the correction process to correct the workpiece warped by the slitting process after the slitting process. Workpiece deformation correction device.

4. The workpiece deformation correction device according to claim 1; The first main shaft; The second main shaft; The tool holding portion; The moving mechanism, Machine tools.

5. The workpiece deformation correction device according to claim 2 or 3; The main shaft; The tool holding portion; The moving mechanism, Machine tools.

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