Ceiling base structure

Abstract

To provide a ceiling substrate structure allowing position adjustment of a ceiling surface to be easily carried out at a construction site.SOLUTION: A ceiling substrate structure 15 is provided with: a first runner 37a connected to a beam 14 and extending in a front / rear direction 3 along the beam 14; a second runner 37b facing the first runner 37a with the beam 14 therebetween and extending in the front / rear direction 3; and a substrate metal fitting 23 positioned between the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b below the beam 14. The substrate metal fitting 23 is provided with a flat-plate-like plate part 70, and a first nail part 80 and a second nail part 81 extending from an upper surface 74 of the plate part 70 and separated apart in a right / left direction 2. The first nail part 80 and the second nail part 81 abut on the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b, respectively, between the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b, and are elastically deformed in a direction approaching each other, and the plate part 70 abuts on third walls 49a and 49b.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a ceiling substructure in which substructure materials are connected by connecting fittings. [Background technology]

[0002] The connecting fittings described in Patent Document 1 connect two rafters together by having an upper horizontal piece hung on the top surface of each rafter and a lower horizontal piece abutting against the bottom surface of each rafter. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-228538 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Ceiling underlayment materials, such as rafters, are sometimes placed across beams. When the beams and underlayment materials are close to each other, there is no space between the beams and the rafters to insert the upper horizontal piece described above, making it impossible to use the connecting hardware configuration described above. Since ceiling boards also need to be screwed below the beams, traditionally flat pieces of wood are attached below the beams, and the ceiling boards are screwed to the wood. However, because the thickness of the wood is constant, it is difficult to fine-tune the position of the ceiling surface at the construction site.

[0005] The present invention was made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a ceiling substructure structure that has substructure fittings that can be easily attached to the underside of beams arranged opposite each other and whose position can be adjusted. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] (1) Claim 1 is a ceiling substructure comprising a first base material connected to a beam and extending in a first direction along the beam, a second base material facing the first base material across the beam and extending in the first direction, and a base metal fitting located below the beam between the first base material and the second base material, wherein the base metal fitting comprises a flat plate portion and first and second claw portions extending from the main surface of the plate portion and spaced apart in a second direction intersecting the first direction, and the first and second claw portions abut against the first and second base materials, respectively, between the first and second base materials and elastically deform in directions approaching each other, and the plate portion abuts against the undersides of the first and second base materials.

[0007] Because the first and second claws of the base metal fittings are sandwiched between the first and second base materials, workers can easily attach the base metal fittings to the first and second base materials without the need to support them. This means that a ceiling base structure can be formed without placing any wooden base between the boards and under the beams to enable adjustment of the ceiling surface position.

[0008] (2) Claim 2 provides a ceiling substructure according to claim 1, wherein the plate portion is fastened to the first substructure and the second substructure by fasteners.

[0009] It is possible to form a strong ceiling substructure.

[0010] (3) Claim 3 is a ceiling substructure as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the first substructure and the second substructure are in contact with the beam, and a portion of the first substructure and a portion of the second substructure are each located above the lower end of the beam.

[0011] Even when the first and second base materials are arranged without any gap between them and the beams, the ceiling height can be adjusted.

[0012] (4) Claim 4 provides a ceiling substructure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plate portion and the beam are spaced apart in the vertical direction.

[0013] Space is secured between the board and the bottom of the beam, allowing for a higher ceiling height.

[0014] (5) Claim 5 provides a ceiling substructure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a ceiling board fixed to the plate portion. [Effects of the Invention]

[0015] According to the present invention, it is easy to adjust the position of the ceiling surface at the construction site. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a ceiling substrate structure 15 according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the ceiling substrate structure 15 of FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a plan view of the underlying metal fitting 23 according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a VV cross-sectional view of the underlying metal fitting 23 shown in FIG. [Figure 7] 7(a) and (b) are diagrams for explaining a method for constructing a ceiling substrate. [Figure 8] 8(a) and (b) are diagrams for explaining a method for constructing a ceiling substrate. [Figure 9] 9(a) and (b) are diagrams for explaining a method for constructing a ceiling substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0017] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. Note that the embodiment described below is merely an example of the present invention, and it goes without saying that the embodiment of the present invention can be appropriately modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0018] In the following, the up-down direction 1 is defined based on the state in which the building 10 is constructed (see FIG. 1). The direction in which the first joists 21 and the second joists 22 extend, which are perpendicular to the up-down direction 1, is defined as the left-right direction (an example of the second direction) 2. The direction in which the beams 14 extend, which are perpendicular to the up-down direction 1 and the left-right direction 2, is defined as the front-rear direction (an example of the first direction) 3.

[0019] [Ceiling Substructure 15] The building 10 shown in Figure 1 is a wooden frame house or the like. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the first floor of the building 10, with the second and higher floors omitted. In the building 10, a base 13 is placed on a foundation 11, and multiple pillars 12 are erected on the base 13. Some of the multiple pillars 12 support beams 14. A ceiling substructure 15 is located below the beams 14. The base 13 supports joists 16, and although not shown in Figure 1, a floor substructure is located on the joists 16. Note that the beams 14 and other building materials actually used in the building 10 usually have errors from the design dimensions, and are adjusted in size at the construction site so that they can be assembled with the various components.

[0020] The ceiling substructure 15 is located below the floor 16a of the second floor 9 and is installed on the beams 14. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the ceiling substructure 15 includes a first runner 37a, a second runner 37b, a first siding 21, a second siding 22, and a substructure fitting 23.

[0021] As shown in Figure 2, the beam 14 extends along the front-to-rear direction 3. The beam 14 has an upper beam surface 28 facing upward, a lower beam surface (an example of the lower end of the beam 14) 29 facing downward, a left beam surface 30 facing left, and a right beam surface 31 facing right. The height of the lower beam surface 29 from the floor surface 19 of the building 10 is not constant as designed, but varies slightly depending on the location on the first floor 8. The left beam surface 30 and the right beam surface 31 are flat surfaces.

[0022] The first runner 37a (an example of a first base material) is fixed to the left surface 30 of the beam with a screw 20. The first runner 37a extends in the front-to-rear direction 3 along the beam 14. The first runner 37a is a member having a U-shaped cross section when viewed from the front-to-rear direction 3. The first runner 37a has a first wall 47a, a second wall 48a, and a third wall 49a (an example of the lower surface of the first base material). The first wall 47a extends in the left-to-right direction 2 and the front-to-rear direction 3. The first wall 47a has a through-hole (not shown) that penetrates in the up-down direction 1.

[0023] The first wall 47a is located above the beam lower surface 29. The second wall 48a extends downward from the right end of the first wall 47a. The second wall 48a extends in the up-down direction 1 and the front-to-rear direction 3. The upper portion of the right-facing surface of the second wall 48a abuts against the beam left surface 30. The third wall 49a extends leftward from the lower end of the second wall 48a. The third wall 49a faces the first wall 47a. The third wall 49a extends in the left-right direction 2 and the front-to-rear direction 3. The third wall 49a is located below the beam lower surface 29.

[0024] The first siding 21 is located to the left of the second wall 48a. The first siding 21 extends in the left-right direction 2 and intersects with the beams 14. Multiple first sidings 21 are lined up in the front-to-back direction 3 (see FIG. 1). The right end 59 of the first siding 21 is in contact with the second wall 48a, and is sandwiched between the first wall 47a and the third wall 49a in the up-down direction 1. The ceiling board 17 is fixed to the first siding 21 from below with screws 18, with the base metal fittings 23 fixed thereto.

[0025] The first sill 21 has a first upper wall 55 located above, a first lower wall 56 located below, a first front wall 57 located forward, and a first rear wall 58 located rearward. The first upper wall 55 and the first lower wall 56 are aligned along the left-right direction 2 and the front-rear direction 3. The first upper wall 55 and the first lower wall 56 face each other. The first front wall 57 and the first rear wall 58 are aligned along the up-down direction 1 and the front-rear direction 3. The first front wall 57 and the first rear wall 58 face each other. The first upper wall 55 is located above the beam lower surface 29, and the first lower wall 56 is located below the beam lower surface 29.

[0026] The second runner 37b (an example of a second base material) is fixed to the beam right surface 31 with a screw 20. The second runner 37b extends in the front-to-rear direction 3 along the beam 14. The second runner 37b is a member having a U-shaped cross section when viewed from the front-to-rear direction 3. The second runner 37b has a first wall 47b, a second wall 48b, and a third wall (an example of the lower surface of the second base material) 49b. The first wall 47b extends in the left-right direction 2 and the front-to-rear direction 3. The first wall 47b has a through-hole (not shown) that penetrates in the up-down direction 1.

[0027] The first wall 47b is located above the beam lower surface 29. The second wall 48b extends downward from the left end of the first wall 47b. The second wall 48b extends in the up-down direction 1 and the front-to-rear direction 3. The upper portion of the left-facing surface of the second wall 48b abuts the beam right surface 31. The third wall 49b extends rightward from the lower end of the second wall 48b. The third wall 49b faces the first wall 47b. The third wall 49b extends in the left-right direction 2 and the front-to-rear direction 3. The third wall 49b is located below the beam lower surface 29. The second runner 37b extends in the front-to-rear direction 3. The second wall 48a of the first runner 37a and the second wall 48b of the second runner 37b are parallel to each other and face each other with the beam 14 in between.

[0028] The second siding 22 is located to the right of the beam 14. The second siding 22 extends in the left-right direction 2 and intersects with the beam 14. Multiple second sidings 22 are lined up in the front-to-back direction 3 (not shown). The left end 64 of the second siding 22 is in contact with the second wall 48b, and is sandwiched between the first wall 47b and the third wall 49b in the up-down direction 1. The ceiling board 17 is fixed to the second siding 22 from below with screws 18, with the base metal fittings 23 fixed thereto.

[0029] The second sill 22 has a second upper wall 60 located above, a second lower wall 61 located below, a second front wall 62 located forward, and a second rear wall 63 located rearward. The second upper wall 60 and the second lower wall 61 are aligned along the left-right direction 2 and the front-rear direction 3. The second upper wall 60 and the second lower wall 61 face each other. The second front wall 62 and the second rear wall 63 are aligned along the up-down direction 1 and the front-rear direction 3. The second front wall 62 and the second rear wall 63 face each other. The second upper wall 60 is located above the beam lower surface 29, and the second lower wall 61 is located below the beam lower surface 29.

[0030] [Base metal fittings] As shown in Figure 2, the base metal fitting 23 is located between the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b, and connects the first siding 21 and the second siding 22. The base metal fitting 23 is located below and spaced apart from the underside 29 of the beam. The base metal fitting 23 is formed by bending a flat plate. The ceiling board 17 is fixed to the base metal fitting 23 from below with screws 18. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the base metal fitting 23 has a plate portion 70, a side portion 73, a first claw portion 80, and a second claw portion 81.

[0031] The plate portion 70 is located at the center of the base metal fitting 23 in the left-right direction 2. The plate portion 70 is located below the beam underside 29 and faces the beam underside 29. The plate portion 70 has a flat plate shape. The dimension D1 of the plate portion 70 in the left-right direction 2 is larger than the dimension D2 of the beam 14 in the left-right direction 2 (see Figure 2). The plate portion 70 has a main portion 87, a first extension portion 88, a second extension portion 89, a third extension portion 90, and a fourth extension portion 91. The main portion 87 has a rectangular shape when viewed from the up-down direction 1. The main portion 87 is longer in the left-right direction 2 than in the front-rear direction 3.

[0032] The first extension portion 88 extends leftward from the front side of the plate portion 70. A first hole 94 penetrates the first extension portion 88 in the up-down direction 1 at a position central in the front-rear direction 3 and toward the left in the left-right direction 2. A screw 101 is fastened into the first hole 94 when the first extension portion 88 overlaps the third wall 49a.

[0033] The second extension portion 89 extends leftward from the rear side of the plate portion 70. The second extension portion 89 has the same dimensions as the first extension portion 88 in the left-right direction 2 and the front-to-back direction 3. A second hole 95 penetrates the second extension portion 89 in the up-down direction 1 at a position central in the front-to-back direction 3 and toward the left in the left-to-right direction 2. A screw 101 is fastened into the second hole 95 when the second extension portion 89 overlaps the third wall 49a.

[0034] The third extension portion 90 extends rightward from the front side of the plate portion 70. A third hole 96 penetrates the third extension portion 90 in the up-down direction 1 at a position central in the front-to-back direction 3 and toward the right in the left-to-right direction 2. A screw 101 is fastened into the third hole 96 when the third extension portion 90 overlaps the third wall 49b. The third extension portion 90 has a symmetrical shape to the first extension portion 88 with respect to the center of the plate portion 70 in the left-to-right direction 2.

[0035] The fourth extension portion 91 extends rightward from the rear side of the plate portion 70. The fourth extension portion 91 has the same dimensions as the third extension portion 90 in the left-right direction 2 and the front-to-rear direction 3. A fourth hole 97 penetrates the fourth extension portion 91 in the up-down direction 1 at a position central in the front-to-rear direction 3 and to the right in the left-to-right direction 2. The fourth extension portion 91 has a symmetrical shape to the second extension portion 89 with respect to the center of the plate portion 70 in the left-to-right direction 2. A screw 101 is fastened into the fourth hole 97 when the fourth extension portion 91 overlaps the third wall 49b. The side portions 73 extend upward from the front and rear ends of the plate portion 70.

[0036] The first claw 80 is located at the center of the plate portion 70 in the front-rear direction 3 and at the left end. The first claw 80 is pivotable relative to the plate portion 70. The first claw 80 has a first support 104 and a first contact piece 105. The first support 104 extends upward, sloping leftward, from the upper surface (an example of a main surface) 74 of the plate portion 70, which faces upward. The first contact piece 105 extends upward, sloping rightward, from an upper end 106 of the first support 104. The first contact piece 105 has a first protrusion 107 that protrudes leftward beyond the upper end 106 of the first support 104 in the left-right direction 2. The first protrusion 107 is aligned with the first contact piece 105. The first protrusion 107 abuts against the second wall 48a when the base metal fitting 23 is positioned between the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b (see FIG. 2).

[0037] The second claw 81 is located at the center of the plate 70 in the front-rear direction 3 and at the right end. The second claw 81 is pivotable relative to the plate 70. The second claw 81 includes a second support 110 and a second contact piece 111. The second support 110 extends upward from the upper surface 74 while sloping to the right. That is, the first support 104 and the second support 110 become separated from each other in the left-right direction 2 as they extend upward from the upper surface 74. The second contact piece 111 extends upward from an upper end 112 of the second support 110 while sloping to the left. That is, the first support 104 and the second support 110 become closer to each other in the left-right direction 2 as they extend upward from the upper surface 74. The second contact piece 111 includes a second protruding piece 113 that protrudes rightward beyond the upper end 112 of the second support 110 in the left-right direction 2. The second protruding piece 113 is aligned with the second contact piece 111. The second protruding piece 113 abuts against the second wall 48b when the base metal fitting 23 is positioned between the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b.

[0038] 2 and 6, the dimension D3 between the base end 115 of the first claw portion 80 and the base end 116 of the second claw portion 81 on the upper surface 74 is smaller than the dimension (equal to D2) in the left-right direction 2 between the second wall 48a of the first runner 37a and the second wall 48b of the second runner 37b. Furthermore, before the first claw portion 80 and the second claw portion 81 are fitted between the second wall 48a of the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b, the dimension D4 between the left end 118 of the first protruding piece 107 and the right end 119 of the second protruding piece 113 is larger than the dimension (equal to D2) in the left-right direction 2 between the second wall 48a of the first runner 37a and the second wall 48b of the second runner 37b.

[0039] [Ceiling base construction method] The method for constructing a ceiling underlayment using base metal fittings 23 will be described below with reference to Figures 7 to 9. In the method for constructing a ceiling underlayment, first, as shown in Figure 7(a), the first runner 37a is fixed to the left surface 30 of the beam 14 with screws 20. Next, as shown in Figure 7(b), the right end 59 of the first siding 21 is fitted into the first runner 37a. At this time, the right end 59 of the first siding 21 fitted into the first runner 37a abuts against the second wall 48a. The longitudinal direction of the first siding 21 is the left-right direction 2 that intersects with the beam 14.

[0040] As shown in FIG. 8(a), the second runner 37b is fixed to the right beam surface 31 of the beam 14 with a screw 20. As shown in FIG. 8(b), the left end 64 of the second siding 22 is fitted into the second runner 37b. At this time, the left end 64 of the second siding 22 fitted into the second runner 37b abuts against the second wall 48b. The second siding 22 has its longitudinal direction in the left-right direction 2 and is positioned opposite the first siding 21 across the beam 14.

[0041] As shown in Fig. 9(a), the base metal fitting 23 is installed from below between the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b. Specifically, as shown in Fig. 9(b), the first claw portion 80 and the second claw portion 81 are fitted between the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b, and the base metal fitting 23 is held between the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b by the first contact piece 105 and the second contact piece 111. In this state, screws 101 are fastened into the first hole 94, the second hole 95, the third hole 96, and the fourth hole 97, respectively, to secure the base metal fitting 23 to the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b, and the ceiling board 17 is secured to the lower surface 75 of the board portion 70 facing downward with screws 18 (see Fig. 2).

[0042] By adjusting the fixed positions of the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b relative to the beam 14 in the vertical direction 1, the ceiling surface 25 can be adjusted in the vertical direction 1.

[0043] [Effects of the embodiment] The first claw portion 80 and the second claw portion 81 of the base metal fitting 23 are clamped between the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b, which face each other across the beam 14. During construction, workers can easily attach the base metal fitting 23 by fastening it to the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b with screws 101 without having to support it. Therefore, in order to enable adjustment of the position of the ceiling surface 25, the ceiling base structure 15 can be formed without placing a wooden base between the board portion 70 and the beam underside 29.

[0044] In this embodiment, the plate portion 70 is fixed to the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b with screws 101, thereby making it possible to form a strong ceiling foundation.

[0045] In this embodiment, even if the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b are positioned without any gap between them and the beam 14, there is space between the beam underside 29 and the base metal fittings 23, so the ceiling surface 25 can be moved in the vertical direction 1 to adjust the ceiling height.

[0046] In this embodiment, a space is secured between the plate portion 70 and the beam underside 29, so that the ceiling height can be increased.

[0047] [Variations] In the above embodiment, the base metal fittings 23 are fixed to the first and second sidings 21 and 22 with the screws 101, but this is not limiting. The base metal fittings 23 may also be fixed to the third wall 49a of the first runner 37a and the third wall 49b of the second runner 37b with an adhesive.

[0048] In the above embodiment, the plate portion 70 has the first extension portion 88, the second extension portion 89, the third extension portion 90, and the fourth extension portion 91, but is not limited to this configuration. The plate portion 70 only needs to be able to connect the first siding 21 and the second siding 22, and may be fixed to the first runner 37a and the second runner 37b at one location each.

[0049] In the above embodiment, the building 10 is described as being two stories high, but this is not limiting. The building 10 may be one story high, or may be three or more stories high.

[0050] In the above embodiment, the beam 14 is made of wood, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. The beam 14 may be made of steel, such as H-beam or I-beam.

[0051] In the above-described embodiment, the plate portion 70 has a flat plate shape, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. The plate portion 70 may have a groove on the upper surface 74 for the purpose of increasing the buckling strength. The groove may extend along the left-right direction 2, for example.

[0052] [Claim 1] a first base material connected to the beam and extending in a first direction along the beam; a second base material that faces the first base material across the beam and extends in the first direction; A ceiling substructure comprising a substructure metal fitting located below the beam between the first substructure and the second substructure, The above base metal fittings are A plate portion having a flat plate shape; a first claw portion and a second claw portion extending from a main surface of the plate portion and spaced apart in a second direction intersecting the first direction, the first claw portion and the second claw portion are in contact with the first base material and the second base material, respectively, and elastically deform in directions in which they approach each other, between the first base material and the second base material; The plate portion is a ceiling substructure abutting the underside of the first substructure and the second substructure.

[0053] [Claim 2] 2. The ceiling substructure according to claim 1, wherein the plate portion is fastened to the first substructure and the second substructure by fasteners.

[0054] [Claim 3] A ceiling substructure as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the first substructure and the second substructure are in contact with the beam, and a portion of the first substructure and a portion of the second substructure are each located above the lower end of the beam.

[0055] [Claim 4] 3. The ceiling substructure according to claim 1, wherein the plate portion and the beam are spaced apart in the vertical direction.

[0056] [Claim 5] 5. The ceiling base structure according to claim 4, further comprising a ceiling board fixed to the plate portion. [Explanation of symbols]

[0057] 14...beam 15. Ceiling base structure 17. Ceiling board 23···Base metal fittings 29...Bottom surface of the beam (bottom end of the beam) 37a···First runner (first base material) 37b Second runner (second base material) 49a... Third wall (underside of first base material) 49b... Third wall (underside of second base material) 70...Plate part 74...Top surface (principal surface) 80...1st claw part 81...Second claw part 101 Screw (fastener)

Claims

1. Wooden beams and a first runner that is in contact with one side surface of the beam, extends along the longitudinal direction of the beam, and has a U-shaped cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction that opens toward the one side; a second runner that is in contact with the other side surface of the beam, extends along the longitudinal direction, and has a U-shaped cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction that opens toward the other side; a plurality of first sills, one end of which is fitted into the first runner and which are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction; One end of the second runner is fitted into the second runner, and a plurality of second runners are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the second runners are positioned in a straight line with any of the first runners across the beam. A ceiling substructure comprising: a plurality of base metal fittings arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction below the beam, and positioned across a pair of the first and second rough sills positioned in the linear fashion; At least a portion of the first runner and the second runner protrudes downward from the lower surface of the beam, The above base metal fittings are a flat plate portion that abuts against a lower surface of the first runner and a lower surface of the second runner; a first claw portion and a second claw portion extending upward from a main surface of the plate portion facing the lower surface of the beam, spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction and the longitudinal direction, and elastically deforming in directions approaching each other, the first claw portion abuts against the first runner and elastically deforms; the second claw portion abuts against the second runner and elastically deforms, A ceiling substructure in which the board portion is fastened to the first and second soffits via the first runner and the second runner with fasteners.

2. The ceiling substructure according to claim 1, wherein the plate portion and the beam are spaced apart in the vertical direction.

3. 3. The ceiling substructure according to claim 1, further comprising a ceiling board fixed to the plate portion in contact with a surface of the plate portion opposite to the main surface.

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