Dry roofs and deck plates

Abstract

To allow improvement of fire resistance performance and structural performance and residential environment performance such as appearance, heat insulation, and noise insulation of a deck plate on a dry roof and omit curing work when exchanging a waterproof sheet and others, while simplifying treatment to be applied to the deck plate of the dry roof by providing a xylem on a lower part of the deck plate.SOLUTION: A dry roof (1) has a deck plate (10) mounted on a support beam (B), members (40, 50, 60) that are provided on a top face of the deck plate (10) and improve performance. The deck plate (10) covers at least a lower face side of fitting positions of the members (40, 50, 60) and has a xylem (20) disposed on undersurface of a deck plate body part (10a) so as to expose the deck plate body part (10a) at a reinforcement area of the dry roof (1).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to dry roofs and decking. [Background technology]

[0002] The roofs and rooftops of single-story and low- to mid-rise buildings are often constructed with externally insulated dry roofing, which uses thermal insulation and waterproofing materials on deck plates. Dry roofing does not require concrete to be poured onto the top surface of the deck plates, making it lightweight, requiring a short construction period, and offering excellent workability (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In dry roofs, the deck plate is located on the lower interior side, so if it loses its strength due to heat during a fire, it will lose its function as the base of the dry roof. Therefore, dry roofs are known that reinforce the support points, which are the joints between the support beams and the dry roof, to improve structural performance such as allowable span and fire resistance. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-928 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In a dry roof such as the one described above, if the areas near the support beams, which are prone to collapse in the event of a fire, are reinforced, areas other than the reinforced areas may become new weak points, which may lead to collapse from these new weak points. Furthermore, although the deck plate has a predetermined fire resistance, since no concrete is poured into it, it is difficult to improve the fire resistance of the deck plate alone. On the other hand, there is a demand for improving the insulation performance of dry roofs, but if the amount of insulation installed on the deck plate is increased, the insulation will prevent heat from being released from the deck plate to the outside in the event of a fire, causing heat to accumulate in the deck plate and reducing fire resistance, which creates the problem that the allowable span must be shortened according to design standards. In addition, for reasons such as the fact that leaving the underside of the deck plate exposed to the room below does not look good and that condensation may form on the deck plate surface due to its low specific heat, the underside of the deck plate is often finished. As such, deck plates for dry roofs are required to have improved insulation performance and, contradictory to this improvement, improved fire resistance.At the same time, there is also a need for improved structural performance, appearance, sound insulation, and a comfortable living environment without condensation due to improved insulation.As a result, more and more treatments are being applied to the deck plates, and the curing work required when renovating waterproofing materials, etc., is also time-consuming.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems, and aims to provide a technology that can simplify the processing applied to deck plates in dry roofs, while improving the fire resistance and structural performance of the deck plates in dry roofs, and improving the living environment performance such as appearance, insulation, and sound insulation, and can eliminate the need for curing work when renovating waterproofing materials, etc., and can eliminate the weaknesses of dry roofs and prevent collapse. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, one aspect of the present invention is a dry roof comprising a deck plate placed on a support beam and a member provided on the upper surface of the deck plate to improve performance, wherein the deck plate is characterized by comprising a wooden portion provided on the underside of the deck plate main body so as to cover at least the underside of the mounting position of the member and to expose the deck plate main body in the reinforced area of ​​the dry roof.

[0007] Furthermore, it is preferable that the reinforced region is in the vicinity of a support beam on which the deck plate is placed.

[0008] In addition, it is preferable that the longitudinal ends of the deck plate main body in the area not placed on the support beam are exposed by a predetermined distance.

[0009] It is also preferable that the wooden portion is provided at a position on the underside of the deck plate main body excluding a mounting position for a wall material or the like.

[0010] Furthermore, it is preferable that the performance-improving member is a heat insulating portion provided on the upper surface of the deck plate main body portion.

[0011] It is also preferable to provide a waterproof part that covers the heat insulating part.

[0012] It is also preferable to have a sheathing section provided between the deck plate main body section and the heat insulating section.

[0013] It is also preferable that the deck plate has a fixing portion for fixing the performance-improving member to the deck plate main body, and that the fixing portion is engaged with the sheathing portion, the deck plate main body, or the wooden portion.

[0014] In order to solve the above problems, one aspect of the present invention is a deck plate used in a dry roof and having a performance-enhancing component attached to its upper surface, the deck plate comprising a deck plate main body and a wooden portion provided on the underside of the deck plate main body, the wooden portion covering at least the underside of the attachment position of the component and arranged to expose the deck plate main body in the reinforced area of ​​the dry roof.

[0015] It is also preferable that the wooden portion is formed from a decorative finishing material. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] According to one aspect of the present invention, while simplifying the processing applied to deck plates in dry roofs, it is possible to improve the fire resistance and structural performance of the deck plates in dry roofs, as well as improve the living environment performance such as appearance, insulation, and soundproofing.It is also possible to eliminate the need for curing work when renovating waterproofing materials, etc., and to eliminate the weaknesses of dry roofs and prevent collapse. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a portion of a dry roof. [Figure 2] FIG. [Figure 3] This is a view of a dry roof from the short side. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a longitudinal view of a dry roof. [Figure 5] 1 is a table illustrating the relationship between wood thickness and fire resistance time. [Figure 6] FIG. 1(a) is a diagram illustrating a space formed in a conventional deck plate, and FIG. 1(b) is a diagram illustrating a space formed in a deck plate having a wooden portion. [Figure 7] FIG. 1(a) is a diagram illustrating the heat insulating performance of a conventional deck plate, and FIG. 1(b) is a diagram illustrating the heat insulating performance of a deck plate having wooden parts. [Figure 8] 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating the effect of a deck plate having a wooden portion. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the structure when attaching the mounting base to the deck plate. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the structure when attaching the mounting base to the deck plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that in the following description, the drawings are schematic, and the dimensional relationships and ratios of elements may differ from the actual ones. The dimensional relationships and ratios may differ between the drawings.

[0019] <Dry roof> Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a part of a dry roof, Figure 3 is a view of the dry roof as seen from the short side, and Figure 4 is a view of the dry roof as seen from the long side. As shown in Figures 1, 3 and 4, the dry roof 1 is used on the roof or rooftop of a building, and is a roof structure that does not use concrete. The dry roof 1 includes, for example, a deck plate 10, a roofing section 40, a heat insulating section 50, a waterproof section 60, and a fixing section 70. When the dry roof 1 is laid across the support beams B, the deck plate 10, sheathing section 40, insulation section 50, and waterproof section 60 are stacked in this order from below. Therefore, when the dry roof 1 is laid across the support beams B, the underside of the deck plate 10 is exposed to the interior space. Note that the support beams B are not limited to steel, but may be reinforced concrete, lumber, or wood materials. The deck plate 10 and the support beams B are fixed together by welding or other methods. This fixing method is not limited to welding, and may be, for example, screws or nails, or may not be used. Furthermore, the deck plate 10 is fixed to beams (not shown) arranged perpendicular to the support beams B and intermediate beams (not shown) arranged between the support beams B in the same manner as the support beams B. Note that this fixing method does not have to be the same as the support beams B.

[0020] In the following description, the direction in which the deck plate 10 is spanned between the support beams B of the building is referred to as the longitudinal direction (length direction) L of the deck plate 10, the direction in which the deck plate 10 extends intersecting the longitudinal direction L is referred to as the short direction (width direction) W, and the direction in which the deck plate 10 is placed on the support beams B is referred to as the height direction H of the deck plate 10.

[0021] (Deck plate) Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the deck plate 10. Fig. 3 is a view of the dry roof as seen from the short side direction. Fig. 4 is a view of the dry roof as seen from the long side direction. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the deck plate 10 includes a deck plate main body 10 a and a wooden portion 20 . The deck plate main body 10a is a corrugated steel plate formed by roll-forming or the like from a thin steel plate that has been surface-treated, such as by galvanizing. The deck plate main body 10a does not necessarily have to be surface-treated, such as by plating. The deck plate main body 10a has peaks 11, valleys 13, and inclined portions 15. The deck plate main body 10a has multiple peaks 11 and valleys 13 alternately formed, with adjacent peaks 11 and valleys 13 connected by inclined portions 15. The deck plate main body 10a has a corrugated shape in which the peaks 11 and valleys 13, each extending in the longitudinal direction L, are connected to each other in the lateral direction W via the inclined portions 15.

[0022] The deck plate main body 10a has, for example, two peaks 11, one valley 13, and two pairs of inclined portions 15, and is formed in a corrugated shape in cross section along the transverse direction W. Depending on the dimensions of the deck plate 10 in the transverse direction W, only one peak 11 may be provided on one deck plate main body 10a. When one deck plate 10 is connected to another deck plate 10 in the transverse direction W, the connecting portion between the deck plates 10 functions as a valley 13. In this case, the connecting portion between the deck plates 10 may be joined with screws or the like. This joining can improve fire resistance and structural performance, so the joining specifications, including whether or not to join, can be selected as needed. The deck plate 10 may also be end-closed at both ends in the longitudinal direction L.

[0023] The peak portion 11 is a flat portion located above the support beam B when the deck plate 10 is spanned between the support beams B (hereinafter also referred to as the "spanning state"), and is a plate-shaped portion extending in the longitudinal direction L. The peak portion 11 has a groove 12. The groove 12 is formed so as to be recessed toward the underside of the deck plate 10. The groove 12 extends in the longitudinal direction L, and when there is only one groove 12, it is provided near the center in the lateral direction W. The grooves 12 in the ridge portions 11 improve the strength of the ridge portions 11. The number of grooves 12 formed in the ridge portions 11 is not limited to one, and multiple grooves 12 may be formed. The grooves 12 may be formed discontinuously along the longitudinal direction L. Note that the grooves 12 may not be formed.

[0024] The valley portions 13 are parallel or approximately parallel to the peak portions 11 and are flat portions that are placed on the support beam B in a bridging state. The valley portions 13 are plate-shaped portions that extend in the longitudinal direction L. The valley portions 13 do not overlap with the peak portions 11 in the lateral direction W. Note that the grooves 12 formed in the peak portions 11 may also be formed in the valley portions 13. The valley portion 13 has a protrusion 14. The protrusion 14 is formed so as to protrude toward the upper surface side of the deck plate 10. The protrusion 14 extends in the longitudinal direction L, and when there is only one protrusion 14, it is provided near the center in the lateral direction W. The protrusions 14 in the valleys 13 improve the strength of the valleys 13. The number of protrusions 14 formed in the valleys 13 is not limited to one, and a plurality of protrusions 14 may be formed. The protrusions 14 may be formed discontinuously along the longitudinal direction L. Note that the protrusions 14 may not be formed.

[0025] The inclined portions 15 are portions that connect the peaks 11 and the valleys 13, and are plate-shaped portions that extend in the longitudinal direction L. The inclined portions 15 extend obliquely from the side edges of the peaks 11 toward the side edges of the valleys 13 in the short direction W. The inclined portions 15 are inclined to form a predetermined angle, for example, an obtuse angle, with the peaks 11 and the valleys 13. Note that the grooves 12 formed in the peaks 11 may be formed in the inclined portions 15.

[0026] The inclined portion 15 has an engaging portion 16. The engaging portion 16 is a convex portion formed so as to protrude from the surface of the inclined portion 15 toward the upper surface of the deck plate 10. The engaging portions 16 are formed, for example, by embossing, and a plurality of engaging portions 16 are provided at predetermined intervals along the extension direction (longitudinal direction L) of the inclined portion 15. The engaging portions 16 improve the strength of the inclined portion 15. The engaging portions 16 may extend in the longitudinal direction L.

[0027] A bulge 17 is formed at the transition between the valley 13 and the inclined portion 15. The bulge 17 is a portion that protrudes in opposite directions from a pair of inclined portions 15 in one peak 11. That is, the bulge 17 in a pair of inclined portions 15 that face each other across the valley 13 are formed to face each other and bulge in directions that bring them closer to each other. The bulge 17 is located on the valley 13 side of the engagement portion 16. The bulge 17 may be formed discontinuously along the longitudinal direction L.

[0028] A groove 18 is formed in the transition between the bulge portion 17 and the valley portion 13. The groove 18 is formed as an engaging groove (dovetail groove) extending along the longitudinal direction L. The cross section of the groove 18 along the short direction W is formed to be curved. The groove 18 is formed in a pair of inclined portions 15 in one peak portion 11 in directions approaching each other. That is, in a pair of inclined portions 15 continuing to the valley portion 13 of the deck plate 10, the grooves 18 are formed to face each other and curve in directions away from each other. The grooves 18 may be formed discontinuously along the longitudinal direction L.

[0029] A wooden portion 20 is provided on the underside of the deck plate 10 (the underside of the deck plate main body 10a). The wooden portion 20 is, for example, a plank-shaped wooden board, and is fixed to the underside of the valley portion 13 using screws or the like. The wooden portion 20 may be a wooden panel made by gluing together sawn lumber or planks in the width direction, or may be engineered wood such as laminated lumber or LVL, which has been treated with chemicals or added with resin to improve its strength, fire resistance, or both. It may also be a material with improved resistance to mold and decay fungi, or it may be a board, panel, or sheet, such as a wood wool cement board or gypsum board. Furthermore, when the wooden portion 20 is formed into a widthwise unit, its width may be the same as, or larger or smaller than, the width of the deck plate 10. Furthermore, the joints between the wooden portions 20 and the fitting portions between the deck plates 10 may or may not coincide with each other. Note that when the joints between the wooden members 20 and the joints between the deck plates 10 do not align, fire resistance is improved compared to when they do. Furthermore, the wooden members 20 can be attached to the deck plate main body 10a using adhesives or other means, and the attachment method is not limited to screws. This attachment method can improve fire resistance and structural performance, allowing for selection of an attachment method appropriate to the design specifications. Furthermore, the wooden members 20 do not necessarily need to be attached so as to directly contact the underside of the valley portions 13 of the deck plate main body 10a; they may also be attached spaced apart from the underside of the valley portions 13 of the deck plate main body 10a via a member such as a pipe or steel material. In other words, the deck plate 10 only needs to have the wooden members 20 attached directly or indirectly to the underside of the deck plate main body 10a by some means. The screws connecting the deck plate main body 10a and the wooden members 20 may be the same as those used for the fixing portions 70, or separate screws may be used. The wooden portion 20 is a decorative finishing material that covers the underside of the deck plate 10 exposed to the interior through the gaps between the support beams B when the deck plate 10 is placed on the support beams B, improving the appearance. The wooden portion 20 is formed to have a thickness calculated by multiplying the fire resistance time (fire resistance performance) to be added to the deck plate 10 by the carbonization rate of the wooden portion 20 .

[0030] FIG. 5 is a table illustrating the relationship between the thickness of the wood portion 20 and the fire resistance time. Specifically, as shown in Figure 5, if the carbonization rate of the wood that makes up the wooden part 20 is 0.65 mm / min and you want to add 30 minutes of fire resistance to the deck plate 10, then the thickness of the wooden part 20 should be 0.65 mm / min x 30 min = 19.5 mm. Similarly, as shown in Figure 5, if it is desired to add 30 to 60 minutes of fire resistance to the deck plate 10, the thickness of the wooden part 20 should be 19.5 to 39.0 mm, if it is desired to add 60 to 120 minutes of fire resistance to the deck plate 10, the thickness of the wooden part 20 should be 39.0 to 78.0 mm, and if it is desired to add 120 to 180 minutes of fire resistance to the dry roof 1, the thickness of the wooden part 20 should be 78.0 to 117.0 mm. The carbonization rate of the wood does not have to be 0.65 mm, and the thickness of the wooden part 20 will vary depending on the carbonization rate.

[0031] Furthermore, the deck plate 10 constituting the dry roof 1 has a predetermined fire resistance even in an uncoated state without any coating on the deck plate main body 10a and without the wooden members 20. For example, if the deck plate main body 10a has a fire resistance time (fire resistance performance) of 30 minutes in an uncoated state, providing a 39 mm thick wooden member 20 on the underside of the deck plate 10 can ensure a fire resistance performance of 90 minutes, which is the sum of the 30 minute fire resistance time of the deck plate main body 10a itself and the 60 minute fire resistance time of the wooden member 20. On the other hand, if a fire resistance time of 130 minutes is desired for this deck plate 10, the wooden member 20 can be formed to a thickness of 65 mm, which is the remaining 100 minutes of fire resistance, by subtracting the 30 minute fire resistance time of the deck plate main body 10a itself.

[0032] Additionally, the wooden part 20 may be subjected to a fireproofing treatment that provides fire resistance for a predetermined period of time. For example, if the wooden boards that make up the wooden part 20 are treated (e.g., with a chemical solution) to provide fireproofing (ensuring a fireproof time of 20 minutes), semi-fireproofing (ensuring a fireproof time of 10 minutes), or fire-retardanting (ensuring a fireproof time of 5 minutes), the wooden part 20 can be thinned by a thickness equal to the product of each fireproof time multiplied by the carbonization rate. Specifically, if you want to add fire resistance performance with a fire resistance time of 120 minutes to the deck plate 10, and the wooden part 20 has been treated to make it non-combustible (ensuring a non-combustible time of 20 minutes), the thickness of the wooden part 20 should be such that it has a fire resistance time of 100 minutes, which is the fire resistance time of 120 minutes minus the 20 minutes of non-combustible time due to the non-combustible treatment, i.e., 0.65 mm / min x 100 min = 65.0 mm.

[0033] In this way, since the wooden portion 20 is provided on the underside of the deck plate 10, the wooden portion 20 will be the first to heat up in the event of a fire. Therefore, by forming the wooden portion 20 to a thickness that will provide the desired fire resistance to the dry roof 1, taking into account the rate at which the wooden portion 20 will carbonize, the deck plate main body 10a will be hardly affected by heat until the wooden portion 20 has burned away. The wood 20 can be made of any material as long as it is made of wood, but since the carbonization speed differs depending on the type of wood, it is necessary to adjust the thickness of the wood 20 depending on the type of wood. In this way, by utilizing the property that wooden boards provide a covering effect when heated during a fire until they are lost due to carbonization, the fire resistance (non-damageability, thermal insulation) of the dry roof 1 and the deck plate 10 can be improved by providing the wooden portion 20 on the underside of the deck plate 10. Furthermore, the thickness of the wooden portion 20 can be determined based on the carbonization rate based on the wood material constituting the wooden portion 20 and the desired fire resistance time of the deck plate 10. This allows the wooden portion 20 to be configured to an optimal thickness, ensuring neither excessive nor insufficient fire resistance, and enabling optimal function and cost selection. In other words, by optimizing the thickness of the wooden portion 20, the wooden portion 20 can be completely burned by the heat of a fire, preventing the wooden portion 20 from finishing heating before it burns out, and preventing the wooden portion 20 from turning into embers and continuing to burn after the fire is extinguished. Furthermore, the fire resistance (fire resistance time) of the deck plate 10 can be easily adjusted simply by adjusting the thickness of the wooden portion 20.

[0034] Here, the effect of improving the heat insulating properties of the deck plate 10 having the wooden portion 20 will be described with reference to FIG. In a conventional dry roof structure where the deck plate does not have any wooden parts, such as the one shown in Figure 6(a), only the space S1 surrounded by the valleys 13, slopes 15, and sheathing 40 of the deck plate 10A forms an air gap, improving thermal insulation. However, because the peaks 11 of the deck plate 10A are in direct contact with the sheathing 40, no air gap is formed in this area, and heat in the event of a fire is easily transferred from the deck plate 10A to the sheathing 40, reducing fire resistance. Furthermore, even under normal conditions, indoor temperature easily leaks out of this area, reducing thermal insulation. In contrast, in a deck plate 10 having wooden members 20, such as a dry roof shown in FIG. 6(b), the wooden members 20 are arranged along the longitudinal direction L and the transverse direction W to cover the underside of the deck plate main body 10a, which is exposed to the interior of the room below. The wooden members 20 are fixed to the deck plate main body 10a in contact with the valleys 13 of the deck plate main body 10a. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6(b), not only is the space S1 enclosed by the valleys 13, the slopes 15, and the sheathing 40 of the deck plate main body 10a an air layer, but also a gap is formed between the peaks 11 of the deck plate main body 10a and the wooden members 20, creating a space S2 enclosed by the peaks 11, the slopes 15, and the upper surface of the wooden members 20. Therefore, almost the entire area between the wooden members 20 and the sheathing 40 can be used as the spaces S1 and S2, thereby improving the fire resistance and thermal insulation of the deck plate 10 compared to a conventional deck plate 10A.

[0035] Using the thermal resistance R shown in Figure 7, the performance of dry roofs is compared in terms of the thermal transmittance. The thermal transmittance is the rate at which a 1m² wall passes through a room in 1 hour when there is a 1°C difference between the indoor and outdoor air temperatures. 2 It refers to the amount of heat that passes through a material, and is calculated by dividing 1 by the total thermal resistance R. The smaller the value, the higher the thermal insulation performance. In a conventional dry roof using deck plate 10A without wood, the thermal resistance R in area A1 of space S1 is 2.729 (m 2 K / W), and the thermal resistance R in the area B1 where there is no space S1 is 2.639 (m 2 When deck plate 10A is laid out, the area ratio of area A1 to area B1 is 1:1. From this, the thermal transmittance Ua (W / m K) of the dry roof is as follows: Ua=1 / (2.729×0.5+2.639×0.5)=0.373 On the other hand, in the dry roof 1 using the deck plate 10 having the wooden part, the thermal resistance R is 2.937 (m 2 K / W), and the thermal transmittance Ua (W / m K) for a dry roof is as follows: U=1 / 2.937=0.340 As such, it can be seen that the thermal insulation performance of the deck plate 10 having the wood portion 20 is improved over the thermal insulation performance of the conventional deck plate 10A.

[0036] The wooden part 20 is provided on the deck plate main body 10a so as to expose the underside of the deck plate main body 10a in a partial area of ​​the dry roof 1, on the underside of the deck plate main body 10a that is exposed to the room below. Specifically, when the dry roof 1 is reinforced near the support beams B on which the deck plate 10 rests, the wooden portion 20 does not cover the deck plate main body 10a in the area covered by the reinforcement (reinforced area), leaving the underside of the deck plate main body 10a exposed. This reinforcement can be achieved, for example, by joining the deck plate 10 and the support beams B with screws or the like to improve strength. For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 , the wooden portion 20 is located at a predetermined distance from the support beams B along the longitudinal direction of the deck plate 10. That is, the wooden portion 20 is not provided in any area near the longitudinal end of the deck plate 10 other than the area where the deck plate 10 rests on the support beams B, and the wooden portion 20's longitudinal end faces the flanges of the support beams B at a distance. Therefore, the length of the wooden portion 20 along the longitudinal direction of the deck plate 10 is formed to be shorter than the distance between the support beams B across which the deck plate 10 is spanned. As a result, from the end of the wooden part 20 along the longitudinal direction of the deck plate 10 to the flange of the support beam B, the deck plate main body 10a is not covered by the wooden part 20, and the underside of the deck plate main body 10a may be exposed to the room. For example, if there are decorative finishes for partition walls (wall materials) or beams on the underside of the dry roof 1 (the side where the wooden parts 20 are provided), the dry roof 1 can be reinforced in the areas where other finishing materials will be attached, with no wooden parts 20 provided in those areas, and the areas other than those areas can be covered with wooden parts 20. If there are no interfering objects such as finishes, the entire area can be covered with wooden parts 20. Note that even if reinforcement is not performed, if the roof has a predetermined level of fire resistance due to the effect of the surrounding wooden parts 20, for example, wooden parts 20 can also be omitted in the unreinforced areas.

[0037] Here, we will explain the area where the underside of the deck plate main body 10a is not covered by the wooden part 20 in the reinforced area of ​​the dry roof 1. The area that is not covered by the wooden part 20 varies depending on the degree of reinforcement. Here, we will show an example where reinforcement near the support beam B is the target. If the dry roof 1 is not reinforced near the support beam B, the distance from the flange of the support beam B to the end of the wooden part 20 (the exposed length of the deck plate main body 10a) is preferably in the range of 0 to 150 mm, for example. Furthermore, if the dry roof 1 is reinforced near the support beams B, then, if the short-side length of the dry roof 1 is Lx, then the distance from the flange of the support beam B to the end of the wooden section 20 (the exposed length of the deck plate main body 10a) is preferably in the range of 150 to (Lx / 4) / 2 mm. Specifically, if the short-side length Lx of the dry roof 1 is 3600 mm, then the distance from the flange of the support beam B to the end of the wooden section 20 (the exposed length of the deck plate main body 10a) will be in the range of 150 to 450 mm (simply put, approximately 150 to 500 mm). Furthermore, if a relatively large amount of reinforcement is performed near the support beams B of the dry roof 1, then, if the short-side length of the dry roof 1 is Lx, then the distance from the flange of the support beam B to the end of the wooden section 20 (the exposed length of the deck plate main body 10a) is preferably set in the range of 450 to (Lx / 4) mm. Specifically, if the short-side length Lx of the dry roof 1 is 3600 mm, then the distance from the flange of the support beam B to the end of the wooden section 20 (the exposed length of the deck plate main body 10a) will be in the range of 450 to 900 mm (simply put, about 500 to 1000 mm).

[0038] (Nojibe) The sheathing section 40 improves the fire resistance, sound insulation, and heat insulation of the dry roof 1, and also prevents damage caused by cracks in the insulation section 50 when walking on the roof during construction or maintenance of the dry roof, and is provided on the upper surface of the deck plate 10 arranged on the support beam B. The sheathing section 40 may or may not be fixed to the deck plate 10 in addition to the fixing section 70. The sheathing section 40 is formed, for example, from a hard wood wool cement board. There are three types of wood wool cement boards: normal wood wool cement boards, medium wood wool cement boards, and hard wood wool cement boards (JIS A 5404 "Wood-based cement boards"), but most manufacturers specify that the moisture content of the boards must be 20% or less (at the time of shipment). For this reason, the moisture content of hard wood wool cement boards, which have a high "bulk density," is the highest of the three types. When hard cement-bonded wood boards are used as the sheathing 40 of a dry roof 1, their high moisture content slows down the temperature rise inside the roof structure in the event of a fire, suppressing the rate of temperature rise and making it possible to lower the temperature inside the roof compared to when other types of cement-bonded wood boards (medium or ordinary) are used. This makes it possible to delay the softening, carbonization and shrinkage of the cement-bonded wood boards. It also improves the fire resistance of the roof by slowing down the transfer of heat to the upper part and suppressing increased deflection of the roof and flame outbreak of the insulation material due to the insulation material softening, carbonization, and shrinkage, which reduces surface rigidity.It is also effective in determining whether the roof passes the "fire resistance performance test" in performance evaluation.By using hard wood wool cement board for the sheathing part 40, it is possible to improve sound insulation, ease of installation, and thermal insulation performance. Furthermore, by using a wood wool cement board as the roofing portion 40, sound insulation is improved, and in particular, a hard wood wool cement board has a higher sound insulation effect than an ordinary wood wool cement board or a medium wood wool cement board. Furthermore, by using a hard wood-wool cement board as the roofing 40, the heat insulating performance can be improved compared to gypsum board or ordinary concrete. Furthermore, by using a hard cemented wood wool board as the sheathing portion 40, it is possible to prevent the heat insulating portion 50 from being punctured or cracked during construction, thereby improving workability. In addition, instead of the hard wood wool cement board, a hard wood chip cement board may be used.

[0039] (Insulation section) The heat insulating section 50 is provided on the upper surface of the sheathing section 40 to improve the heat insulating properties of the dry roof 1. 1, the heat insulating section 50 is formed from an organic heat insulating board such as polyethylene foam, polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, or phenol foam. For example, the heat insulating section 50 is formed to have a thickness greater than 0 and within the range of 2000 mm. The heat insulating section 50 may be formed from a single heat insulating board having a thickness of 150 mm, or may be formed from three stacked heat insulating boards each having a thickness of 50 mm.

[0040] (Waterproof part) The waterproof section 60 prevents rainwater and the like from entering the inside of the dry roof 1, and is provided on the upper surface of the heat insulating section 50. 1, waterproof section 60 is formed using an asphalt waterproofing method, an improved asphalt sheet waterproofing method, a vinyl chloride resin sheet waterproofing method, a rubber sheet waterproofing method, a coating waterproofing method, etc. Waterproof section 60 is arranged so as to completely cover the top surface of insulation section 50 without any gaps.

[0041] (Fixed part) The fixing portions 70 are used to secure the sheathing section 40, the insulating section 50, and the waterproof section 60 to the deck plate main body 10a, and are formed, for example, with screws. As shown in Figures 1 and 4, after the sheathing section 40, the insulating section 50, and the waterproof section 60 are stacked in this order on the top surface of the deck plate 10, the fixing portions 70 are inserted from above the waterproof section 60 in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the waterproof section 60 via a fixing disk 71, with the tip penetrating through the waterproof section 60, the insulating section 50, the sheathing section 40, and the ridges 11 of the deck plate main body 10a, and are then fastened to the wood section 20. In other words, the fixing portions 70 connect and secure the deck plate 10 (deck plate main body 10a and wood section 20), the sheathing section 40, the insulating section 50, and the waterproof section 60 together. In addition, the fixing portion 70 does not have to be fixed to the wooden portion 20 as long as it is fixed to the deck plate 10, and it does not have to be fixed to the deck plate 10 or the wooden portion 20 as long as it is fixed to the sheathing portion 40.

[0042] The deck plate 10 and dry roof 1 described above utilize the property of wood to provide a covering effect against heat during a fire until it is charred and consumed. By providing the wooden section 20 on the underside of the deck plate 10, the fire resistance (non-damageability, flame-blocking properties) of the deck plate 10 and dry roof 1 can be improved. Furthermore, the thickness of the wooden section 20 can be determined based on the charring rate of the wood material constituting the wooden section 20 and the desired fire resistance time of the dry roof 1. This allows the wooden section 20 to be constructed to an optimal thickness, ensuring neither excessive nor insufficient fire resistance, and enabling optimal functionality and cost selection. In other words, by optimizing the thickness of the wooden section 20, the wooden section 20 can be completely burned by the heat of a fire. The wooden section 20 does not finish heating before it burns out, and the wooden section 20 does not turn into embers and continue to burn after the fire is extinguished. Furthermore, the fire resistance (fire resistance time) of the dry roof 1 can be easily adjusted simply by adjusting the thickness of the wooden section 20. Here, the deck plate main body 10a has a design standard fire resistance of 30 minutes even when uncovered and without the wooden members 20. Therefore, if the fire resistance time of the deck plate 10 including the wooden members 20 is sufficient to be 30 minutes, the improved fire resistance provided by the wooden members 20 can increase the allowable span of the deck plate 10 spanning the support beams B, thereby increasing design flexibility. Furthermore, the improved fire resistance of the deck plate 10 makes it possible to thin the deck plate main body 10a and reduce the deck crest height (the height from the valleys 13 to the crests 11). The reinforcing effect of the wooden members 20 is not limited to fire resistance; it is also expected to improve structural performance by improving the strength against vertical and horizontal loads, resulting in various benefits, such as an increased allowable span, reduced deck plate specifications, and the elimination of bracing materials that support horizontal loads. For example, in terms of improving in-plane shear strength, the deck plate has the function of bearing in-plane shear forces caused by earthquakes and wind, and the presence of the wooden section 20 can improve this function, so it is possible to improve the strength while leaving the configuration of the deck plate and its interconnections unchanged. On the other hand, if performance equivalent to that of a deck plate without the wooden section 20 is required, the presence of the wooden section 20 makes it possible to appropriately omit or simplify the deck plate and its configuration, such as the height and thickness of the deck plates, their interconnections, and horizontal bracing materials, and to increase the span and load of the slab. Other benefits include improved structural performance, for example, and the presence of the wooden section 20 can improve the vertical load support function when the deck plate is installed or when the deck structure slab is completed. On the other hand, if performance equivalent to that of a deck plate or deck structure slab without the wooden section 20 is required, the presence of the wooden section 20 can simplify the configuration of the deck plate or deck structure slab, such as the height and plate thickness of the deck plate, and the joint specifications with the beams and purlins, and can increase the span and load. Furthermore, although the cost of the deck plate 10 increases due to the attachment of the wooden portion 20, various rationalizations and labor-saving construction measures resulting from the improved fire resistance of the deck plate 10 can result in cost reductions that more than offset the aforementioned cost increase.

[0043] For example, if only the area near support beam B in a dry roof 1 is reinforced, the center of the unreinforced dry roof 1 will be a weak point. If a fire-resistant coating (wooden section 20) is provided on the entire underside of the deck plate 10, the weak point will remain in the center of the dry roof 1, but if the area near support beam B where reinforcement is performed is not coated, the fire-resistant weak point will be the area near support beam B. Therefore, depending on the specifications of the reinforcement applied to the dry roof 1, the underside of the deck plate main body 10a is exposed without leaving any wooden section 20 for a predetermined length from the flange of the support beam B. As a result, if the finishing material (decorative material) is burned in the event of a fire, the deck plate main body 10a near the support beam B where there is no wooden section 20 will be heated intensively, causing buckling due to thermal expansion, but because reinforcement has been applied, the reduction in the structural strength of the dry roof 1 can be minimized. Even after the wooden portion 20 is gone, thermal expansion is further concentrated in the buckled area, allowing that expansion to be absorbed. In other words, the area where the deck plate 10 is heated intensively can absorb the thermal expansion of the deck plate 10, which is an unnecessary additional force, without damaging other areas, so thermal expansion does not occur in the area of ​​the deck plate 10 where the wooden portion 20 was located, and this wide area is not damaged by thermal expansion.

[0044] In this way, even if the area near support beam B is designated as a weak point in the dry roof 1, reinforcing the area near support beam B will prevent it from becoming a weak point that would immediately lead to the collapse of the dry roof 1. Furthermore, depending on the design conditions, the area near support beam B is unlikely to collapse immediately even without reinforcement. In other words, by intentionally not covering the deck plate main body 10a near support beam B, the thermal expansion of the deck plate 10 can be concentrated near support beam B. As the fire progresses and all of the wooden parts 20 are burned out, the entire surface of the deck plate 10 will heat up, just like a normal dry roof. However, the deck plate 10 near support beam B, which has already buckled, will absorb the thermal expansion, preventing widespread damage to the dry roof 1. Therefore, with the dry roof 1, damage caused by thermal expansion of the deck plate 10 that would otherwise accumulate near the center of a normal dry roof 1 can be eliminated by thermal expansion near the strong support beams B, significantly improving the fire resistance of the dry roof 1. Furthermore, the increased costs of various reinforcements applied to normal dry roofs can be offset and reduced by minimizing the coverage area.

[0045] In addition, the wooden portion 20 also functions as a decorative finishing material that hides the underside of the deck plate main body 10a, so simply by providing the wooden portion 20 on the deck plate 10, the dry roof 1 can be given the function of fire-resistant coating that blocks heat input to the deck plate 10 and the function of a decorative finish.This simplifies the processing applied to the deck plate 10, while improving the fire resistance and appearance of the deck plate 10 and dry roof 1, preventing condensation by improving insulation performance, and improving sound insulation, thereby improving the living environment. Furthermore, the reinforcing effect of the wooden members 20 is not limited to fire resistance. They are also expected to improve structural performance by increasing the strength against vertical and horizontal loads, resulting in various benefits, such as increasing the allowable span, reducing the deck plate specifications, and eliminating the need for bracing materials to support horizontal loads. For example, in terms of improving in-plane shear strength, the deck plate functions to withstand in-plane shear forces caused by earthquakes and wind. The wooden members 20 improve this function, allowing for increased strength without changing the structure of the deck plate and its interconnections. On the other hand, if the same level of performance as a deck plate without the wooden members 20 is required, the presence of the wooden members 20 allows for the appropriate omission or simplification of the deck plate and its structure, such as the height and thickness of the deck plates, their interconnections, and horizontal bracing materials, and allows for an increase in the span and load of the slab. Other benefits include improved structural performance, such as improved vertical load support during deck construction and when the deck slab is completed, thanks to the wooden section 20. On the other hand, if the same level of performance as a deck plate or deck slab without the wooden section 20 is required, the wooden section 20 can simplify the deck plate or deck slab configuration, such as the deck plate height, plate thickness, and joint specifications with beams and purlins, and can increase the span and load capacity. Furthermore, simply by precasting the wooden section 20 in the valley section 13 of the deck plate body 10a, the deck plate 10 can be finished with a decorative design and enhanced fire resistance. Therefore, simply installing the deck plate 10 on the support beam B on-site allows for the underlayment and ceiling finish of the dry roof 1 to be completed simultaneously, thereby reducing on-site construction labor and reducing construction costs. Furthermore, by subjecting the wooden part 20 to a fireproofing treatment that adds fire resistance for a predetermined period of time, the thickness of the wooden part 20 required for the required fire resistance can be reduced. Furthermore, by providing the dry roof 1 with fire resistance for a predetermined period of time, the thickness of the wooden part 20 required for the required fire resistance can be reduced. Furthermore, because spaces S1 and S2 are formed between the underside of the deck plate main body 10a and the wooden part 20, an air layer can be formed in the dry roof 1, improving the thermal insulation and suppressing the transfer of heat to the upper side (attic side) of the dry roof 1. Furthermore, because the thermal insulation performance is improved, costs can be reduced by reducing the amount of insulation on the upper side, etc. This increases the time it takes for the temperature outside the building to reach the ignition temperature of combustible materials. Furthermore, since the wooden section 20 is also provided on the underside of the crest 11 of the deck plate main body 10a, as shown in Figure 8, when the deck plate main body 10a, sheathing section 40, insulation section 50, and waterproof section 60 are fastened together with the fastening sections 70, the wooden section 20 acts as a receptacle for dust D generated by the threading of the fastening sections 70, preventing the dust D from falling into the room. This eliminates the need for curing work when installing the insulation section 50, etc. Furthermore, when adding insulation sections 50 or replacing waterproof sections 60 during repair work, the dust D generated during construction will not affect the room, allowing the indoor space to be used as usual. In addition, when attaching the insulation section 50 etc. to the deck plate 10, the fixing section 70 can be engaged with the wooden section 20 to improve the attachment strength of each section, and costs can be reduced by reducing the number of fixing members, etc. Furthermore, even if the required fire resistance performance is changed during large-scale renovation of a building, the wooden part 20 can be retrofitted from the interior side, which increases the flexibility of construction.

[0046] <Other> Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and includes all aspects encompassed by the concept of the present invention and the scope of the claims. Furthermore, each configuration may be appropriately and selectively combined to achieve at least some of the above-described problems and effects. Furthermore, for example, the shape, material, arrangement, size, etc. of each component in the above embodiments may be appropriately modified depending on the specific use of the present invention. For example, if the vicinity of the center of the dry roof 1 is reinforced, the vicinity of the center should not be covered with the wooden section 20. In short, in the dry roof 1, only the reinforced area or the area that is stronger than the others should not be covered with the wooden section 20 for a predetermined range depending on the reinforcement specifications, so that the strong area can be configured as a weak point in terms of fire resistance. In addition, the reinforcement specifications are not limited to those described above, and depending on the specifications, or if the design functions are satisfied without reinforcement, the extent to which the underside of the deck plate main body 10a is not covered by the wooden part 20 can be set. Furthermore, a fire-resistant member having fire resistance, such as gypsum board, may be provided in place of the wooden portion 20 attached to the deck plate main body 10a. In this case, it is preferable that the gypsum board is previously given a decorative finish.

[0047] 9 and 10, even when attaching the frame foundation 200 to the deck plate 10, the attachment strength of the frame foundation 200 can be improved by also engaging the fixing members 210 of the frame foundation 200 with the wooden portion 20 of the deck plate 10. Here, the frame foundation 200 is attached to the deck plate 10 and serves as a base for installing equipment such as a solar power generation system, a hot water unit for heating water, an outdoor unit for an air conditioner, and other equipment including signs, on the roof of a building. The frame foundation 200 includes a mounting plate 220 attached to the deck plate 10 and a connecting device 230 for connecting the equipment. Specifically, as shown in Figure 9, when the connecting device 230 is installed above the valley portion 13 of the deck plate main body 10a, a flat mounting plate 220 is installed across the adjacent peak portion 11 of the deck plate main body 10a, and fixing members 210 such as screws are used to connect the deck plate main body 10a, the wood portion 20, and the mounting plate 220. Then, the connecting device 230 is erected on the mounting plate 220 and fixed with screws or the like. 10, when the connecting device 230 is provided above the peaks 11 of the deck plate main body 10a, a plate-like mounting plate 220 formed to follow the shape of the peaks 11 is provided from the entire area of ​​one peak 11 to the adjacent valley 13, and fixing members 210 such as screws are used to connect the deck plate main body 10a, the wood portion 20, and the mounting plate 220. The connecting device 230 is then erected on the mounting plate 220 and fixed to the mounting plate 220 using screws or the like. In either case, the frame base 200 can be connected and fixed not only to the deck plate main body 10a but also to the wooden portion 20, thereby improving the attachment strength of the frame base 200. [Explanation of symbols]

[0048] 1. Dry roof 10 Deck Plate 10a Deck plate main body 11 Yamabe 12 grooves 13 Valley 14 Convex part 15 Slope 16 Engagement part 17 Bulge 18 Groove 20 Wood 40 Nojibe 50 Insulation section 60 Waterproof part 70 Fixed part S1,S2 space

Claims

1. A dry roof comprising a deck plate placed on a support beam and a member provided on the upper surface of the deck plate to improve performance, The deck plate is characterized in that it covers at least the underside of the mounting position of the member and has a wooden portion provided on the underside of the deck plate main body so as to expose the deck plate main body in the reinforced area of ​​the dry roof.

2. 2. The dry roof according to claim 1, wherein the reinforced area is in the vicinity of a support beam on which the deck plate rests.

3. 3. The dry roof according to claim 2, wherein the longitudinal end of the deck plate body in the area not placed on the support beam is exposed by a predetermined distance.

4. 2. The dry roof according to claim 1, wherein the wooden portion is provided at a position on the underside of the deck plate main body excluding a mounting position of a wall material.

5. 2. The dry roof according to claim 1, wherein the performance-improving member is a heat insulating portion provided on the upper surface of the deck plate main body portion.

6. 6. The dry roof according to claim 5, further comprising a waterproof section covering the insulating section.

7. 7. The dry roof according to claim 5, further comprising a sheathing section provided between the deck plate main body and the insulation section.

8. a fixing portion that fixes the performance improving member to the deck plate main body portion; 7. The dry roof according to claim 5, wherein the fixing portion is fastened to the sheathing portion, the deck plate main body portion, or the wooden portion.

9. A deck plate used in a dry roof and having a performance-enhancing member attached to the upper surface, A deck plate body and a wooden portion provided on the underside of the deck plate body, A deck plate characterized in that the wooden portion covers at least the underside of the mounting position of the member and is arranged to expose the deck plate main body portion in the reinforced area of ​​the dry roof.

10. 10. The deck plate according to claim 9, wherein the wooden portion is formed from a decorative finish material.

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