Structural percussion device

Abstract

To provide a novel tapping device for a structure capable of determining presence or absence of separation of tiles inside an outer wall to which the tiles are attached.SOLUTION: A tapping device for structure includes: a body having a surface facing an outer wall with a plurality of tiles attached, the surface having a size corresponding to one tile; a plurality of tapping units protruding outward from the surface from inside the body, the tapping units striking different positions on the surface of the tile; a sound collection unit for collecting tapping sound generated by striking of the tapping units; and a plurality of vibration sensors disposed on the surface so as to be in contact with different positions on the surface of the tile, the vibration sensors detecting vibration of the tile caused by striking of the tapping units.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a structure tapping device for detecting and diagnosing defects, damage, peeling, etc. on the inside of the exterior wall of a structure. [Background technology]

[0002] Structures such as houses, buildings, bridges, and tunnels are experiencing problems with tiles, mortar, concrete, etc. floating, peeling, etc., resulting in parts of them falling off. For example, tiles (exterior wall tiles) used as exterior finishing materials for architectural structures can become loose over the years as the concrete or tiles deteriorate, causing the tiles to lose adhesion and become loose. In addition, repeated expansion and contraction due to daily temperature changes, or repeated freezing and thawing of water that has entered through cracks, can cause the tiles to become loose.

[0003] Currently, the method for determining whether or not peeling has occurred on a tile wall is to inspect for loose tiles by having workers use a hammer or tapping rod to tap (roll) the tile under inspection, detecting any abnormal sounds or vibrations. However, with this type of diagnostic method, the results are easily influenced by the worker's intuition and skill, and it is not always possible to diagnose peeling with high accuracy. Because skill is required to determine whether or not peeling has occurred, and to eliminate human error, there is a need for a method and device that can simply and reliably detect abnormalities.

[0004] For example, Patent Document 1 describes a peeling diagnosis method and peeling diagnosis device in which the sound of an impact on a tiled surface is acquired as a measurement signal, a wavelet transform is performed on the measurement signal, and the presence or absence of tile peeling and the peeling state are determined based on the sound pressure level, decay time, and frequency peak of the time waveform resulting from the wavelet transform.

[0005] Patent Document 2 also describes a surface inspection method and device that acquires sound pressure waveforms of impact sounds at multiple measurement positions in each of multiple regions divided on the surface of a structure (S1), calculates the waveform area of ​​each of the sound pressure waveforms acquired from the multiple measurement positions (S2), calculates the average value of the waveform areas acquired in each region to obtain a regional average value (S3), calculates the average value of the regional average values ​​acquired in the multiple regions to obtain a surface average value for the entire surface (S4), and determines the soundness of the corresponding region by comparing the regional average value with the surface average value (S5). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-309827 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-80592 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] The inventors of the present application have continued to research and develop a structural tapping device that can determine whether or not there is peeling on the inside of the exterior walls of a structure, and have now developed a new structural tapping device that can be used to inspect for loose tiles and that can accurately diagnose whether or not there is peeling on the inside of an exterior wall without relying on the skill and intuition of the worker.

[0008] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a novel structure tapping device that can determine whether or not there is peeling on the inside of an exterior wall where tiles are attached. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the structure tapping device of the present invention comprises a main body having a surface facing an exterior wall to which multiple tiles are attached, the surface being of a size corresponding to one tile, multiple striking units protruding from the inside of the main body to the outside of the surface and striking different positions on the surface of the tile, a sound collecting unit collecting striking sounds produced by the striking of the striking units, and multiple vibration sensors arranged on the surface so as to come into contact with different positions on the surface of the tile and detecting vibrations of the tile caused by the striking of the striking units. a spring pressing means for pressing a plurality of portions of the surface independently from each other with a spring from inside the body; The present invention is characterized by comprising: [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to the structure tapping device of the present invention, it is possible to detect peeling locations on the inside of an exterior wall where tiles are attached, based on audio waveform data and vibration waveform data corresponding to strikes on the tiles. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing a first configuration example of a structure tapping device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 1 is a diagram showing a first configuration example of a structure tapping device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] 1 is a diagram showing a first configuration example of a structure tapping device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a second configuration example of a structure tapping device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a second configuration example of a structure tapping device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a third configuration example of a structure tapping device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a third configuration example of a structure tapping device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] 1 is a diagram showing a state in which a structure tapping device according to an embodiment of the present invention is placed facing the exterior wall tiles of a building. FIG. [Figure 9]10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating a jig that brings a structural sounding device in an embodiment of the present invention into contact with an exterior wall tile and moves the device along the exterior wall tile. [Figure 10] 1 is a diagram illustrating a test specimen used for percussion measurement by a structure percussion device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a defective portion of an exterior wall. [Figure 12] 10 is an example of a sound waveform measured by the structure tapping device according to the present embodiment. [Figure 13] 13 is a diagram illustrating a waveform pattern of the waveform data shown in FIG. 12. FIG. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a distribution map of the waveform pattern in the tile of the test specimen. [Figure 15] 10 is an example of a vibration waveform measured by the structure tapping device according to the present embodiment. [Figure 16] 16 is a diagram illustrating a waveform pattern of the waveform data shown in FIG. 15. FIG. [Figure 17] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a distribution map of the waveform pattern in the tile of the test specimen. [Figure 18] 1 shows a block configuration of a structure percussion system according to the present embodiment. [Figure 19] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another example of the configuration of a structure tapping device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 20] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another example of the configuration of a structure tapping device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 21] 1 is a view showing a multiple percussion frame 50 for connecting a plurality of structure percussion devices 1. FIG. [Figure 22] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a state in which 16 structure percussion devices 1 are arranged on a 16-series percussion frame 50. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these preferred embodiments.

[0013] 1, 2, and 3 are diagrams showing a first configuration example of a structural percussion device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1(a) is a perspective view of the structural percussion device as seen from diagonally above the front, and FIG. 1(b) is a perspective view of the structural percussion device as seen from diagonally above the rear. FIG. 2(a) is a front view of the structural percussion device, FIG. 2(b) is a top view thereof, FIG. 2(c) is a left side view thereof, FIG. 2(d) is a right side view thereof, and FIG. 2(e) is a rear view thereof. The dimensions in FIG. 2 are in millimeters. FIG. 3(a) is a top view of the structural percussion device, FIG. 3(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 3(a), and FIG. 3(c) is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 3(a).

[0014] The structural tapping device 1 is a device for tapping an exterior wall to which multiple tiles are attached, and is configured to include a main body 11 having a surface 111 facing the exterior wall to which multiple tiles are attached, said surface 111 being of a size corresponding to one tile, a plurality of striking units 12 that protrude from the inside of the main body 11 to the outside of said surface 111 and strike different positions on the surface of the tile, a sound collection unit 13 that detects striking sounds produced by the striking units 12, and a plurality of vibration sensors 14 that are arranged on said surface 111 so as to come into contact with different positions on the surface of the tile and that detect vibrations of the tile caused by the striking of the striking units 12.

[0015] The main body 11 is a housing having a surface 111 that faces one tile, and is formed from a metal material such as stainless steel or aluminum. Alternatively, the main body 11 can be formed by resin molding. The surface 111 is preferably sized to fit one tile, for example, approximately the same size as a 45 mm x 95 mm tile. This allows one percussion measurement to be performed sequentially for each tile by sliding the main body 11 the distance of one tile. The main body 11 houses a drive mechanism 122 for the striking unit 12, a sound collection unit 13, various communication and control modules (not shown), and the like, which will be described later.

[0016] The striking unit 12 is configured to include a pin-shaped hammer 121 that protrudes from the surface 111 and strikes the tile, and a drive mechanism 122 that drives the hammer 121 by a push-type solenoid mechanism. The drive mechanism 122 may be of another drive type, such as a spring type.

[0017] A plurality of striking units 12 are provided, and the striking units 12 strike the tiles at different timings. For example, when two striking units 12 are provided, they are configured as one-area striking unit 12a striking one area on one side of one edge of a single tile (e.g., the left half of the tile), and another-area striking unit 12b striking the other area on the other side of one edge of the single tile (e.g., the right half of the tile). When tapping a single tile, striking different positions within the tile enables more precise and high-resolution measurements. In the illustrated example, the striking positions are approximately the center of the right half of the tile and approximately the center of the left half of the tile. However, this is not limiting. For example, three or more striking units 12 may be provided so as not to overlap with the position of a vibration sensor 14 (described later). The surface 111 is provided with a hole 112 through which a hammer 121 can protrude.

[0018] Sound collection unit 13 is a microphone that detects sound, and is attached to main body 11, and is preferably placed near the center of the back side of surface 111 equidistant from two striking units 12a and 12b.

[0019] The vibration sensor 14 is configured, for example, by a piezoelectric element, and detects vibrations of the tile caused by striking with the striking part 12. Multiple vibration sensors 14 are arranged at different positions on the surface 111, and each detects vibrations at a different position on one tile.

[0020] In the illustrated example, five vibration sensors 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, and 14e are arranged at five locations on surface 111 corresponding to the positions near the four corners of one tile and the position near the center of one tile.

[0021] Regarding the arrangement of the multiple vibration sensors 14, including the arrangement shown in the figure, the multiple vibration sensors include a one-side area vibration sensor (corresponding to vibration sensors 14a and 14b in the illustrated example) that contacts one area on one side of a single tile (the left half area) to detect vibration of the tile, and an other-side area vibration sensor (corresponding to vibration sensors 14c and 14d in the illustrated example) that contacts the other area on one side of a single tile (the right half area) to detect vibration of the tile. There may be one one-side area vibration sensor and one other-side area vibration sensor, but as in the illustrated example, multiple one-side area vibration sensors 14a and 14b may be arranged on surface 111, and multiple other-side area vibration sensors 14c and 14d may be arranged on surface 111. Furthermore, regarding the arrangement of the multiple vibration sensors 14, in addition to the one-side area vibration sensor and the other-side area vibration sensor, preferably, the multiple vibration sensors 14 further include a central area vibration sensor (corresponding to vibration sensor 14e in the illustrated example) that detects vibration in the central area of ​​a single tile.

[0022] By arranging multiple vibration sensors 14 on the surface 111, it is possible to simultaneously obtain vibrations of the tile caused by striking with the striking part 12 at multiple locations, enabling more precise and high-definition percussion measurements. In addition, sound collection holes 113 are provided on the surface 111 around the vibration sensor 14e near the center.

[0023] Figures 4 and 5 are diagrams showing a second configuration example of a structural percussion device in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4(a) is a perspective view of the structural percussion device in the second configuration example seen diagonally from above, Figure 4(b) is a side view thereof, Figure 4(c) is a top view, Figure 4(d) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Figure 4(b), Figure 4(e) is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in Figure 4(b), Figure 4(f) is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in Figure 4(b), and Figure 4(g) is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD in Figure 4(b). Figure 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the structural percussion device in the second configuration example.

[0024] The structural percussion device 1 in the second configuration example has the same components as the first configuration, and the striking unit 12 includes a hammer 121 driven by a push-type solenoid mechanism. Furthermore, the main body 11 of the structural percussion device 1 is provided with an adjustment relief hole 11a for adjusting the stroke of the drive mechanism 122 of the push-type solenoid mechanism. This allows the stroke of the drive mechanism 122 to be adjusted from outside the main body 11 without removing the main body 11, thereby adjusting the striking force of the hammer 121. Preferably, the adjustment relief hole 11a is provided on each of the side and top surfaces of the main body 11a. Furthermore, a flange portion 11b is provided on the lower peripheral edge of the main body 11, and an adjustment screw is attached to the flange portion 11b for adjusting the contact pressure of the vibration sensor 14. The contact pressure of the vibration sensor 14 on the tile can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the adjustment screw. The flange portion 11b is formed flush with and integrated with the surface 111. 5, the flange portion 11b of the main body 11 and the adjusting screw 11c shown in FIG. 4 are omitted.

[0025] Figures 6 and 7 are diagrams showing a third configuration example of a structural tapping device in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6(a) is a perspective view of the structural tapping device in the second configuration example seen diagonally from above, Figure 6(b) is a side view thereof, Figure 6(c) is a top view, Figure 6(d) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Figure 6(b), Figure 6(e) is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in Figure 6(b), Figure 6(f) is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in Figure 6(b), and Figure 6(g) is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD in Figure 6(b). Figure 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the structural tapping device in the third configuration example.

[0026] The structure percussion device 1 in the third configuration example has the same components as those in the second configuration, and the striking unit 12 is equipped with a hammer 121 driven by a push-type solenoid mechanism. Also, the shape of the main body 11 is made smaller than that of the second configuration example, thereby reducing the weight of the entire device. Note that in Fig. 7, the flange portion 11b and adjustment screw 11c of the main body 11 shown in Fig. 6 are not shown.

[0027] FIG. 8 is a model diagram showing a state in which a structural tapping device according to an embodiment of the present invention is placed facing the tiles on the exterior wall of an architectural structure. A suspension device 3 for a rope or wire such as a winch (hereinafter referred to as a wire or the like) is placed on the roof of an architectural structure 2, such as a building, whose exterior walls are covered with tiles, and a mounting jig 4 is attached to the wire or the like hanging down from the suspension device 3 along the tiles on the exterior wall. A structural tapping device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached to the mounting jig 4. The length of the wire or the like can be adjusted by a winding drive unit of the suspension device 3, thereby allowing the structural tapping device 1 attached to the mounting jig 4 to move up and down. The suspension device 3 on the roof is placed on a rail that can move left and right, and by sliding the suspension device 3 left and right, the structural tapping device 1 attached to the mounting jig 4 can move left and right. The movement position of the mounting jig 4 and the structural tapping device 1 attached to it can be accurately controlled using, for example, a laser ranging device, and by moving the structural tapping device 1 in the vertical and horizontal directions over the length of one tile, the structural tapping device 1 can perform the tapping operation on each tile one by one.

[0028] 9A and 9B are diagrams illustrating an example of the configuration of a mounting jig 4 that brings a structural sounding device 1 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention into contact with tiles on an exterior wall. Fig. 9A is an exploded perspective view of the mounting jig 4, and Fig. 9B is a diagram illustrating the arrangement in which the structural sounding device 1 attached to the mounting jig 4 is brought into contact with tiles.

[0029] 9(a), the mounting jig 4 has a percussion head unit 41, a main body lifting unit 42, and a lifting cart unit 43. The percussion head unit 41 includes a head unit 41a to which the structure percussion device 1 is attached, a lateral movement unit 41b for moving the head unit 41a laterally (left and right), and a feed rod 41c for moving the head unit 41a in the depth direction. The main body lifting unit 42 includes a fan 42a for using wind pressure to press the structure percussion device 1 so that it contacts the tile with a constant pressure, a support body 42b for supporting the percussion head unit 41a, a rack tire unit 42c for moving the main body lifting unit 42 using a rack and pinion system, and a rod base 42d for housing the feed rod 41c in a manner that allows it to be fed out. The rod base 42d is attached to a support 42b, which supports the percussion head 41 so that it can move in the depth direction and also supports the percussion head 41 so that it can move up and down by movement of the rack tire 42c attached to the support 42b. Furthermore, the lifting cart 43 includes a frame body 43a that functions as a frame-shaped cart, a wire mounting portion 43b to which a suspended wire or the like is attached, a tire portion 43c for maintaining the distance between the frame body 43a and the outer wall surface, and a pinion rail portion 43d for moving (raising and lowering) the rack tire 42c of the main lifting unit 42. The structure percussion device 1 attached to the head portion 41a of the percussion head 41 can move up and down and left and right within the range of the up and down and left and right dimensions of the mounting jig 4 when the mounting jig 4 is stationary.

[0030] In Figure 9(b), the mounting jig 4 adjusts the extension length in the depth direction of the extension rod 41c of the percussion head 41 while the tire portion 43b of the lifting cart 43 is in contact with the tile, thereby bringing the structure percussion device 1 attached to the head 41a into contact with the tile.

[0031] A control and drive module (not shown) mounted on the mounting jig 4 uses motor drive to control the left-right movement of the head part 41a, the up-down movement of the support body 42b, and the depthwise movement of the delivery rod 41c, thereby controlling the position of the structure tapping device 1. In addition, by controlling the air volume of the fan 42a, the contact pressure between the structure tapping device 1 and the tile is also controlled so that the contact pressure is uniform for each tile.

[0032] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a test specimen used for percussion measurement using a structural percussion device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The inventors created a test specimen that simulated the exterior wall structure of an actual building structure and conducted a percussion measurement experiment on this test specimen using the structural percussion device 1 according to this embodiment. FIG. 10(a) shows the exterior appearance of the test specimen, including the surface and side of the test specimen to which tiles are attached. The exterior wall surface is composed of six rows and six columns of tiles, with a mortar base layer formed inside the tiles. FIG. 10(b) is a diagram showing the locations of defects on the test specimen, including areas where ceramic fragments had come loose from the tiles and areas where the mortar base had come loose under the tiles (on the inner surface of the tiles) (two patterns were generated, with the base space spacing being 0.1 cm and 0.5 cm).

[0033] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating defect locations on an exterior wall. The exterior wall of a building structure has a concrete framework on which a repair mortar layer is laid to cover and smooth the surface. An adhesive mortar layer is laid on top of that for attaching tiles, and the tiles are then attached to the adhesive mortar layer. The repair mortar layer and adhesive mortar layer are sometimes collectively referred to as the mortar base layer. Defect locations to be detected by tapping include a tile flaking (peeling) location, which is a peeling location P1 between the tile and the adhesive mortar layer, and a mortar base flaking (peeling) location, which is a peeling location P2 between the adhesive mortar layer and the repair mortar layer, or a peeling location P3 between the repair mortar layer and the concrete body. Two patterns were generated for the mortar base flaking locations P2 and P3, with gaps of 0.1 cm and 0.5 cm.

[0034] FIG. 12 shows an example of a sound waveform measured by the structural percussion device according to the present embodiment. As an experimental example, each tile of the test specimen shown in FIG. 10 was percussed by the percussion unit 12 of the structural percussion device 1, and waveform data of the percussion sound detected by the sound collection unit 13 was obtained. In FIG. 12, each waveform data is displayed as a map corresponding to the position of the tiles arranged in 6 columns and 6 rows on the test specimen shown in FIG. 10. The structural percussion device 1 percusses two locations on each tile, one on the left and one on the right, at different times. Two waveform data for each tile are displayed side by side. Each waveform data shown in FIG. 12 is assigned an identification number: row number, column number (1-6 from left to right), and left / right number (1 on the right, 2 on the left). The row numbers are 1, 2, ..., 6 from top to bottom, and the column numbers are 1, 2, ..., 6 from left to right, with the left / right numbers being 1 on the right and 2 on the left.

[0035] Figure 13 is a diagram illustrating the waveform patterns of the waveform data shown in Figure 12. It was confirmed that the waveform data of Figure 12 can be classified into four types of waveform patterns shown in Figure 13. The four types of waveform patterns are a fourth quadrant transition pattern shown in Figure 13(a) (typically, waveform data with identification number 2-2-1), a first quadrant pattern shown in Figure 13(b) (typically, waveform data with identification number 1-6-1), a multiple waveform generation pattern shown in Figure 13(c) (typically, waveform data with identification number 4-2-1), and a general attenuation pattern shown in Figure 13(d) (typically, waveform data with identification number 5-2-1).

[0036] The fourth quadrant transition pattern shown in Figure 13(a) is a waveform pattern in which the waveform appears in the center of the first quadrant after tapping, but then transitions to the fourth quadrant, decreases, and returns to the center before converging. This waveform pattern was particularly prevalent on tiles near areas with loose pottery fragments.

[0037] The first quadrant pattern shown in Figure 13(b) is a waveform pattern in which the waveform appears in the first quadrant after percussion, then attenuates and returns to the center before converging. This waveform pattern appeared frequently, especially on the outer tiles.

[0038] The multiple waveform generation pattern shown in Figure 13(c) is a waveform pattern in which the waveform after tapping appears to oscillate between the first and fourth quadrants, then decays once, and then similar waveforms appear multiple times before finally converging. This waveform pattern appeared frequently, particularly on tiles corresponding to areas where the base was loose.

[0039] The general attenuation pattern shown in Figure 13(d) appears as a waveform that oscillates between the first and fourth quadrants after tapping, and then attenuates and converges over time. This waveform pattern appears frequently on tiles with no defects, such as areas with loose ceramic fragments or loose base, and also appears on tiles near defective areas.

[0040] Figure 14 shows a distribution map of waveform patterns on tiles of the test specimen. The distribution map in Figure 14 shows the distribution of the four waveform patterns shown in Figure 13. The waveform patterns corresponding to tapping on tiles near the defective area are the fourth quadrant transition pattern in Figure 13(a) (labeled "1" in Figure 14), the multiple waveform generation pattern in Figure 13(c) (labeled "3" in Figure 14), and the general attenuation pattern in Figure 13(d) (labeled "4" in Figure 14). The general attenuation pattern in Figure 13(d) appears on tiles not near the defective area. A certain correlation was confirmed between the waveform patterns and the defective area. In particular, the waveform patterns that appear only at the defective area are the fourth quadrant transition pattern in Figure 13(a) and the multiple waveform generation pattern in Figure 13(c). Detecting these waveform patterns makes it possible to detect the defective area. Additionally, the first quadrant pattern of No. 9(b) (labeled "2" in Figure 14) is mostly tiles on the periphery, which is presumably due to the open arrangement of the periphery of the test specimen. There are no open areas on the tiled wall surfaces of actual building structures, and it is presumed that this wave pattern is unlikely to be related to the defective areas.

[0041] FIG. 15 shows an example of a vibration waveform measured by the structural percussion device according to the present embodiment. As an experimental example, each tile of the test specimen shown in FIG. 10 was percussed by the impact unit 12 of the structural percussion device 1, and vibration waveform data was obtained by the vibration sensor 14. In FIG. 15, each waveform data is displayed as a map corresponding to the position of the tiles arranged in 6 columns and 6 rows on the test specimen shown in FIG. 10. The structural percussion device 1 percusses each tile at two locations, left and right, at different times, and two waveform data for each tile are displayed side by side. As in the display example of FIG. 12, each waveform data shown in FIG. 15 is assigned an identification number consisting of a row number, a column number (1-6 from left to right), and a left-right number (1 on the right side, 2 on the left side). The row numbers are 1, 2, ..., 6 from top to bottom, and the column numbers are 1, 2, ..., 6 from left to right, with the left-right number being 1 and the right being 2.

[0042] Figure 16 is a diagram illustrating the waveform patterns of the waveform data shown in Figure 15. It was confirmed that the waveform data of Figure 15 can be classified into three types of waveform patterns shown in Figure 16. The three types of waveform patterns are an all-sensor full response pattern shown in Figure 16(a) (typically, waveform data with identification number 2-2-1), a partial sensor response pattern shown in Figure 16(b) (typically, waveform data with identification number 2-4-1), and a normal attenuation pattern shown in Figure 16(c) (typically, waveform data with identification number 4-2-2).

[0043] The all-sensor full response pattern shown in Figure 16(a) is a waveform pattern in which, after tapping, all sensors react to vibration up to the upper measurement limit between the first and fourth quadrants (large amplitude values ​​for all sensors), then decay and converge over time. This waveform pattern appeared particularly on the tiles in the second row, second column, corresponding to the area where the pottery fragments had come loose. The maximum sensor value (amplitude value) R for all of the multiple vibration sensors 14 recorded was R_max = 4095.

[0044] The partial sensor response pattern shown in Figure 16(b) is a waveform pattern in which some sensors react strongly to vibration (large amplitude values ​​of some sensors) between the first and fourth quadrants after tapping, then decay and converge over time. This waveform pattern appeared particularly on tiles near the areas where the pottery fragments had loosened. In addition, the sensor value (amplitude value) R of some of the multiple vibration sensors 14 recorded a maximum of R_max = 4095.

[0045] The normal attenuation pattern shown in Figure 16(c) is a waveform pattern in which the sensor reacts to vibration between the first and fourth quadrants (all sensor amplitude values ​​are small), then decays and converges over time. The sensor value (amplitude value) R of the vibration sensor 14 is approximately less than R = 2000. This waveform pattern appears frequently on tiles without defects, such as areas with loose ceramic fragments or loose base, and also on tiles near defective areas. It was also confirmed that the sensor values ​​(maximum amplitude) of tiles near defective areas differ considerably from the sensor values ​​(maximum amplitude) of tiles without defective areas, and that larger sensor values ​​are output.

[0046] The above-mentioned waveform patterns can also be classified according to the amplitude value of the waveform. For example, a reference sensor value R (e.g., R=2000) is set for a location without a defective portion, and if all of the multiple sensors are below the reference sensor value, the pattern is classified as the normal attenuation pattern shown in Figure 16(c) above; if some of the multiple sensors are equal to or above the reference sensor value, the pattern is classified as the partial sensor response pattern shown in Figure 16(b) above; and if all of the multiple sensors are equal to or above the reference sensor value, the pattern is classified as the all-sensor full response pattern shown in Figure 16(a) above.

[0047] Figure 17 shows a distribution map of waveform patterns on tiles of the test specimen. The distribution map in Figure 17 shows the distribution of the three waveform patterns shown in Figure 16, and also includes the largest sensor value (maximum amplitude value R_max) among the five vibration sensors, its sensor number, and the sensor number for which a sensor value R of R = 2000 or greater was recorded. The waveform patterns corresponding to tapping on tiles near the defective area include all of the waveform patterns in Figure 16, confirming that the presence of a defective area can be more clearly determined by using the magnitude of the sensor value in addition to the waveform pattern. The sensor values ​​of tiles near the defective area are relatively larger than the sensor values ​​of tiles without the defective area, to a degree that makes them clearly distinguishable. By detecting a relatively large sensor value from even one of multiple vibration sensors located in different positions, the presence or absence of a defective area can be determined with higher accuracy than by using a single vibration sensor.

[0048] It was confirmed that the structure tapping device of this embodiment can be used to strike the exterior wall tile to be tapped and detect the audio and vibration signals generated by the strike, thereby determining whether or not the exterior wall tile has loose clay fragments or loose mortar base.

[0049] FIG. 18 shows a block diagram of a structure percussion system according to this embodiment. The structure percussion system 30 includes the structure percussion device 1 described above and an arithmetic processing device (preferably a computer device) 31 that acquires the audio data and vibration data detected thereby. The arithmetic processing device 31 acquires data via a wired or wireless connection with the structure percussion device 1. The arithmetic processing device 31 can, for example, detect a defective location determined based on the audio data, and further detect a defective location determined based on the vibration data, and determine that the logical product (AND) of these is the defective location. Alternatively, the logical sum (OR) of these may be determined to be the defective location. The arithmetic processing device 31 may be a cloud server for centralized processing.

[0050] Figures 19 and 20 are diagrams showing another example of the configuration of a structure tapping device in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 19 is a perspective view of the structure tapping device as seen from diagonally above the front. Also, Figure 20(a) is a top view of the structure tapping device, Figure 2(b) is its front view, Figure 2(c) is its bottom view, and Figure 2(d) is its side view.

[0051] Another structural example of the structural sounding device 1 is a device for sounding an exterior wall to which multiple tiles are attached, similar to the first, second, and third structural examples described above. It includes a main body 11 having a surface 111 facing the exterior wall to which the tiles are attached, the surface 111 being sized to fit a single tile; multiple striking units 12 projecting from inside the main body 11 to the outside of the surface 111 and striking different locations on the tile surface; a sound collecting unit 13 detecting impact sounds produced by the striking units 12; and multiple vibration sensors 14 arranged on the surface 111 so as to contact different locations on the tile surface and detect vibrations of the tile caused by the striking units 12. In the example shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, four vibration sensors 14a, 14b, 14c, and 14d are arranged at positions corresponding to the four corners of a single tile. For example, vibration sensor 14e, which corresponds to the center of the surface 111, is not provided.

[0052] In another example configuration of the structure tapping device 1, the main body 11 is a housing having a surface 111 facing a single tile, and furthermore, struts 116, each wound with a compression spring 115, extend from multiple locations on the back side of the surface 111, particularly from the four corners on the outer periphery, and the four struts 116 are connected without being fixed by an inner frame 117. A rear cover 118 of the main body 11 (schematically shown by the dotted lines in Figures 20(b) and 20(c)) is attached to the inner frame 117. The compression springs 115, struts 116, and inner frame 117 constitute spring pressing means that presses multiple locations of the surface 111 independently from one another with springs from inside the main body 11.

[0053] To press surface 111 against the tile, pressure applied to rear cover 118 is transmitted to inner frame 117, which compresses compression spring 115 and presses surface 111 against the tile. At this time, because support posts 116 extending from surface 111 are not fixed to inner frame 117, surface 111 can freely change direction and move, being pressed to follow the unevenness of the tile. Even if there is a difference in distance in the thickness direction of the tile due to the unevenness of the tile, it is possible to ensure uniform contact between the tile and each vibration sensor 14, making it possible to accurately detect vibrations.

[0054] By fixing multiple structural tapping devices 1 having the above configuration adjacent to each other in a row or matrix, and tapping multiple tiles simultaneously or sequentially using multiple structural tapping devices 1, the inspection time can be shortened.

[0055] Fig. 21 shows a multi-percussion frame 50 for connecting multiple structural percussion devices 1, with Fig. 21(a) showing an example of a 16-percussion frame 50 in 4 rows and 4 columns, and Fig. 21(b) showing an example of a 4-percussion frame 50 in 1 row and 4 columns. Fig. 22 is a diagram showing a state in which 16 structural percussion devices 1 are arranged on the 16-percussion frame 50. Note that the 16-percussion frame 50 is not visible in the drawing, and the configuration in which the structural percussion devices 1 are arranged in 4 rows and 4 columns is shown.

[0056] By setting a structural percussion device 1 in each frame of the multiple percussion frame 50, multiple tiles can be simultaneously tapped using multiple structural percussion devices 1. When multiple tiles are simultaneously tapped using the multiple percussion frame 50, the difference in contact pressure (the difference in the gap between the tile and the surface 111) due to unevenness of the tiles and the like becomes larger, so in order to absorb this, the other configuration example of the structural percussion device 1 described in Figures 19 and 20 in particular has a configuration that is more compliant with the unevenness of the tiles and is particularly advantageous when performing multiple percussion.

[0057] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that the present invention also includes design changes that do not deviate from the gist of the invention, including various modifications and alterations that would occur to a person with ordinary knowledge in the field of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0058] 1: structural percussion device, 2: building, 3: suspension device, 4: mounting jig, 11: main body, 11a: adjustment relief hole, 11b: flange portion, 11c: adjustment screw, 12: striking portion, 13: sound collection portion, 14: vibration sensor, 30: structural percussion system, 31: arithmetic processing device, 50: multi-sound percussion frame, 111: surface, 112: hole portion, 113: sound collection hole portion, 115: compression spring, 116: support, 117: inner frame, 118: rear cover, 121: hammer, 122: drive mechanism

Claims

1. a main body having a surface facing an exterior wall to which a plurality of tiles are attached, the surface having a size corresponding to one tile; a plurality of striking parts that protrude from the inside of the body to the outside of the surface and strike different positions on the surface of the tile; a sound collection unit that collects impact sounds generated by the impact unit; a plurality of vibration sensors arranged on the surface of the tile so as to contact different positions on the surface of the tile, and detecting vibrations of the tile caused by impacts by the impact unit; and a spring pressing means for pressing a plurality of portions of the surface independently from each other with a spring from inside the body.

2. The structure tapping device according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of striking sections include a one-area striking section that strikes one area on one side of one side of a tile, and an other-area striking section that strikes the other area on the other side of the one side of the tile.

3. The structure tapping device according to claim 2, characterized in that the plurality of vibration sensors include a one-area vibration sensor that contacts one area on one side of a single tile to detect vibration of the tile, and an other-area vibration sensor that contacts the other area on one side of a single tile to detect vibration of the tile.

4. 4. The structure tapping device according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of the one-area vibration sensors are arranged on the surface, and a plurality of the other-area vibration sensors are arranged on the surface.

5. 4. The structure tapping device according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of vibration sensors further include a central area vibration sensor that detects vibration in a central area of ​​one tile.

6. The structure tapping device according to claim 5, wherein the sound collecting section is disposed in a central region of the surface.

7. The structure tapping device according to claim 6, wherein the striking units strike the surface of the tile at different timings.

8. A structure tapping device according to any one of claims 1 to 7; a processing unit that determines whether or not peeling has occurred based on the waveform of the impact sound collected by the sound collecting unit and the waveform of the vibration detected by the vibration sensor; and A structure percussion system comprising:

9. A structural tapping device comprising: a main body having a surface facing an exterior wall to which multiple tiles are attached, the surface being of a size corresponding to one tile; multiple striking parts protruding from the inside of the main body to the outside of the surface and striking different positions on the surface of the tile; a sound collecting part collecting the striking sounds produced by the striking of the striking parts; and multiple vibration sensors arranged on the surface so as to come into contact with different positions on the surface of the tile and detecting vibrations of the tile caused by the striking of the striking parts, wherein multiple units of the structural tapping device are fixed adjacent to each other in a row or matrix; A method for tapping a structure, characterized in that a plurality of tiles are tapped simultaneously or sequentially using a plurality of the structure tapping devices.

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