Refractory outer wall structure

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a fire-resistant exterior wall structure that is less susceptible to the spread of fire. The fire-resistant exterior wall structure (1) comprises an exterior wall (10), a pair of vertical beams (22 and 27) extending vertically from the lower edge to the upper edge of an opening (19) in the exterior wall (10) at a position away from the left and right edges of the opening (19) toward the center of the opening (19), and a fire-resistant frame (30) fitted between the vertical beams (22 and 27) and joined to the lower and upper edges of the opening (19) and the vertical beams (22 and 27). a frame (40) fitted inside the fireproof frame body (30) and joined to the inner periphery of the fireproof frame body (30); a sash (70) attached to the frame (40); a first fireproof layer (80) attached to the surface of the outer wall (10), vertical bars (22 and 27) and fireproof frame body (30); and a second fireproof layer (90) attached to the back surface of the outer wall (10), vertical bars (22 and 27) and fireproof frame body (30).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a fire-resistant exterior wall structure. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses an exterior wall separating a kitchen from the outdoors. An opening is formed in the exterior wall, and a bay window is provided on the right side of the opening when viewed from the outdoors, with the left side of the opening closed by a fire-resistant panel. Inside the kitchen, a stove is installed in front of the fire-resistant panel. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-141240 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The exterior walls are at risk of fire spreading due to flame radiation. When flames pass through a window, the exterior walls are susceptible to fire spreading from the perimeter of the window. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fire-resistant exterior wall structure that is less susceptible to the spread of fire. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The following reference numerals in parentheses refer to Figures 1 to 9. When an ordinal number such as "first" or "second" is attached to a common name, the ordinal number is used only to identify the object to which it is attached. The ordinal number does not limit the object to which it is attached to a specific object, and does not specify the order, rank, order, hierarchy, priority, or subordination of the object to which it is attached.

[0006] According to claim 1, in the fire-resistant exterior wall structure (1) of a building, an exterior wall (10) having a surface facing outdoors and a back surface facing indoors, and an opening (19) penetrating from the surface to the back surface; A pair of vertical bars (22 and 27) extending vertically from the lower edge to the upper edge of the opening (19) at positions spaced apart from the left and right edges of the opening (19) toward the center of the opening (19), and spaced apart from each other on the left and right; a fireproof frame body (30) fitted between the vertical bars (22 and 27) and joined to the lower and upper edges of the opening (19) and the vertical bars (22 and 27); a frame (40) fitted inside the fireproof frame (30) and joined to the inner periphery of the fireproof frame (30); a sash (70) attached to the frame (40); a first fireproof layer (80) attached to the surfaces of the outer wall (10), the vertical bars (22 and 27), and the fireproof frame body (30); a second fireproof layer (90) attached to the rear surfaces of the outer wall (10), the vertical bars (22 and 27), and the fireproof frame (30); A fire-resistant exterior wall structure (1) is provided.

[0007] According to claim 1 as described above, the fireproof frame body (30) is fitted between the pair of vertical bars (22 and 27) on the left and right, the first fireproof layer (80) is attached to the surface of the fireproof frame body (30), and the second fireproof layer (90) is attached to the back surface of the fireproof frame body (30), so that flames passing through the sash (70) do not reach the exterior wall (10) and the vertical bars (22 and 27). Because the first fireproof layer (80) is attached to the surfaces of the exterior wall (10), the vertical bars (22 and 27), and the fireproof frame body (30), even if the fireproof exterior wall structure (1) is hit by flames from outside, the exterior wall (10) and the vertical bars (22 and 27) will not be affected by the fire spreading. Since the second fire-resistant layer (90) is attached to the rear surface of the exterior wall (10), the vertical bars (22 and 27) and the fire-resistant frame body (30), even if the fire-resistant exterior wall structure (1) is hit by flames from inside the building, the exterior wall (10) and the vertical bars (22 and 27) will not be affected by the fire spreading. When screws are used to join the inner periphery of the fireproof frame (30) and the outer periphery of the frame (40), the vertical bars (22 and 27) contribute to the effectiveness of the screws. The outer wall (10) also contributes to the effectiveness of the screws.

[0008] According to claim 2, in the fire-resistant exterior wall structure (1) according to claim 1, The frame (40) protrudes from the surfaces of the exterior wall (10), the vertical bars (22 and 27), and the fireproof frame body (30) toward the outdoors, The first fire-resistant layer (80) surrounds the frame (40) and abuts against the outer periphery of the frame (40). A fire-resistant exterior wall structure (1) is provided.

[0009] According to claim 2 as described above, the first fire-resistant layer (80) surrounds the frame (40) and abuts against the outer periphery of the frame (40), so there are no gaps through which flames can pass, and the outer wall (10) and the vertical bars (22 and 27) are not affected by the spread of fire.

[0010] According to claim 3, in the fire-resistant exterior wall structure (1) according to claim 1 or 2, The second fireproof layer (90) extends from the fireproof frame (30) toward the frame (40) and is attached to the back surface of the frame (40). A fire-resistant exterior wall structure (1) is provided.

[0011] According to claim 3 as described above, the second fire-resistant layer (90) extends from the fire-resistant frame body (30) to the frame (40) and is attached to the back surface of the frame (40), so there are no gaps through which flames can pass, and the outer wall (10) and the vertical bars (22 and 27) are not susceptible to the spread of fire.

[0012] According to claim 4, in the fire-resistant exterior wall structure (1) according to claim 1 or 2, A pair of upper bars (23 and 28) is provided on the left and right sides and joined to the upper edge of the opening (19) between each of the pair of vertical bars (22 and 27) and the left and right edges of the opening (19), The pair of vertical bars (22 and 27) are joined to the pair of upper bars (23 and 28), respectively. A fire-resistant exterior wall structure (1) is provided.

[0013] According to claim 4 as described above, since the vertical bars (22 and 27) are joined to the upper bars (23 and 28), the vertical bars (22 and 27) are firmly fixed to the inside of the opening (19).

[0014] According to claim 5, in the fire-resistant exterior wall structure (1) according to claim 1 or 2, A pair of lower bars (24 and 29) are provided on the left and right sides and are joined to the lower edge of the opening (19) between each of the pair of vertical bars (22 and 27) and the left and right edges of the opening (19), respectively; The pair of vertical bars (22 and 27) are joined to the pair of bottom bars (24 and 29), respectively. A fire-resistant exterior wall structure (1) is provided.

[0015] According to claim 5 as described above, the vertical bars (22 and 27) are joined to the lower bars (24 and 29), so that the vertical bars (22 and 27) are firmly fixed to the inside of the opening (19). [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] According to the present invention, a fire-resistant exterior wall structure that is less susceptible to the spread of fire is provided. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a fire-resistant exterior wall structure. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the components of the fire-resistant exterior wall structure. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a horizontal cross-sectional view taken along the horizontal line III-III shown in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an intermediate product in the manufacturing process of a fire-resistant exterior wall structure. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an intermediate product in the manufacturing process of a fire-resistant exterior wall structure. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an intermediate product in the manufacturing process of a fire-resistant exterior wall structure. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an intermediate product in the manufacturing process of a fire-resistant exterior wall structure. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an intermediate product in the manufacturing process of a fire-resistant exterior wall structure. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an intermediate product in the manufacturing process of a fire-resistant exterior wall structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. Features and technical effects of the embodiments will be understood from the following detailed description and drawings. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below. Because the drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples in the drawings.

[0019] <1. Building Overview> FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a fire-resistant exterior wall structure 1 of a building skeleton. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the components of the fire-resistant exterior wall structure 1. FIG. 3 is a horizontal cross-sectional view taken along horizontal line III-III shown in FIG. 1. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the fire-resistant exterior wall structure 1 is shown as viewed from the outside. In the following description, "left" and "right" are defined as viewed from the outside in the normal direction of the fire-resistant exterior wall structure 1. The normal direction of the fire-resistant exterior wall structure 1 is also referred to as the wall thickness direction.

[0020] The fire-resistant exterior wall structure 1 forms part of the periphery of the building. The building incorporating the fire-resistant exterior wall structure 1 may be a one-story or multi-story building. If the building is one-story, the building's skeleton has a first-floor wooden structure built on a reinforced concrete foundation. If the building is multi-story, the building's skeleton has a multi-story wooden or mixed structure built on a reinforced concrete foundation. A mixed structure has at least a first-floor lower story and an upper story built on top of it, where the lower story is a reinforced concrete structure built integrally with the foundation and the upper story is a wooden structure.

[0021] Whether the building is one-story or two-story, a wooden structure is a wall-type structure. Wall-type structure refers to a structure in which the building's weight and seismic forces are supported by walls. Wooden structures may be constructed using panel construction, frame-and-beam panel construction, or a combination of two or more of these. In one example, a wooden structure may be constructed using a wood panel adhesive construction method, which is a type of panel construction. A wood panel has a wooden frame assembled into a rectangular frame and wooden facings on the front or back surface of the frame, or both. Optionally, the wood panel has wooden supporting beams arranged inside the frame parallel to the edges of the frame.

[0022] <2. Fireproof outer wall structure> Whether the building is one-story or two-story, a fire-resistant exterior wall structure 1 is incorporated into the wooden structure. The fire-resistant exterior wall structure 1 includes an exterior wall 10, frames 20, 25, a fire-resistant frame 30, a frame 40, a waterproof / breathable sheet 50, a water-stop material 60, a sash 70, and fire-resistant layers 80, 90.

[0023] (1) Exterior walls The exterior wall 10 is a structural body that supports the load and seismic force of the building. The exterior wall 10 has an opening 19 that penetrates from the interior to the exterior. The exterior wall 10 is formed in a square shape so that it surrounds the left and right sides, top and bottom of the opening 19. The exterior wall 10 has rectangular sleeve wall panels 11 and 12, a hanging wall panel 13, and a waist wall panel 14. The sleeve wall panels 11 and 12, the hanging wall panel 13, and the waist wall panel 14 are structural bodies that support the load and seismic force of the building.

[0024] The sleeve wall panel 11 is a hollow wooden panel. It has a wooden rectangular frame 11a with a pair of vertical stiles and a pair of horizontal stiles, two wooden face panels 11b and 11c attached to the front and back surfaces of the rectangular frame 11a, respectively, to cover the inside of the rectangular frame 11a, and one or more wooden auxiliary crosspieces assembled vertically, horizontally, or vertically and horizontally inside the rectangular frame 11a. The sleeve wall panel 11 may have a heat insulating material filled inside the rectangular frame 11a. The sleeve wall panel 12, the hanging wall panel 13 and the waist wall panel 14 are wooden panels with a hollow structure, similar to the sleeve wall panel 11.

[0025] The sleeve wall panels 11 and 12 are arranged side by side with a gap between them. The upper end of the hanging wall panel 13 is aligned with the upper ends of the sleeve wall panels 11 and 12, and the hanging wall panel 13 is arranged between the upper parts of the sleeve wall panels 11 and 12. The left and right sides of the hanging wall panel 13 are joined to the sleeve wall panels 11 and 12, respectively. The waist wall panel 14 is spaced below the hanging wall panel 13, and the lower end of the waist wall panel 14 is aligned with the lower ends of the sleeve wall panels 11 and 12, and the waist wall panel 14 is arranged between the lower parts of the sleeve wall panels 11 and 12. The sleeve wall panels 11 and 12, the hanging wall panel 13, and the waist wall panel 14 each have a thickness from the front to the back, and the thicknesses of the sleeve wall panels 11 and 12, the hanging wall panel 13, and the waist wall panel 14 are equal to one another. The front surfaces of the sleeve wall panels 11 and 12, the hanging wall panel 13, and the waist wall panel 14 are flush with each other, and the back surfaces are also flush with each other. The front surfaces of the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, the hanging wall panel 13, and the waist wall panel 14 face outdoors, and their back surfaces face indoors. The left side surface of the sleeve wall panel 11 forms the right edge of the opening 19, the right side surface of the sleeve wall panel 12 forms the left edge of the opening 19, the bottom surface of the hanging wall panel 13 forms the upper edge of the opening 19, and the top surface of the waist wall panel 14 forms the lower edge of the opening 19.

[0026] (2) Frame The rectangular frames 20 and 25 are wooden frames made of wood. The frames 20 and 25 are arranged on the left and right sides at a distance from each other inside the opening 19. The right frame 20 is attached to the opening 19 near the sleeve wall panel 11, and the left frame 25 is attached to the opening 19 near the sleeve wall panel 12.

[0027] The right frame 20 has vertical bars 21 and 22, an upper bar 23 and a lower bar 24. The vertical crosspiece 21 is attached to the right edge of the opening 19 with screws or adhesive and extends vertically. The upper and lower crosspieces 23 and 24 are attached to the upper and lower edges of the opening 19, respectively, near the right edge of the opening 19 with screws or adhesive, and extend horizontally. The end faces of the upper and lower crosspieces 23 and 24 are abutted against the vertical crosspiece 21. That is, the vertical crosspiece 21 extends beyond the upper and lower crosspieces 23 and 24. The vertical crosspiece 22 is positioned away from the vertical crosspiece 21 toward the center of the opening 19 and is arranged parallel to the vertical crosspiece 21 from the upper edge to the lower edge of the opening 19. The vertical crosspiece 22 extends beyond the upper and lower crosspieces 23 and 24 and is joined to the upper and lower crosspieces 23 and 24 with screws or adhesive. If screws are used, they are driven from the side of the vertical crosspiece 22, over the vertical crosspiece 22, and into the upper or lower crosspiece 23 or 24. In addition, the vertical bars 21 may not be provided, and the end faces of the upper and lower bars 23 and 24 may be abutted against the left side surface of the sleeve wall panel 11.

[0028] The left frame body 25 has vertical bars 26, 27, an upper bar 28, and a lower bar 29, similar to the right frame body 20. The left frame body 25 is bilaterally symmetrical to the right frame body 20. The dimensions of the vertical bars 21, 22, 26, 27, the upper bar 23, 28, and the lower bar 24, 29 in the wall thickness direction are equal to the thickness of the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, the hanging wall panel 13, and the waist wall panel 14. Note that the vertical bar 26 may not be provided, and the end faces of the upper bar 28 and the lower bar 29 may abut against the right side surface of the sleeve wall panel 12.

[0029] (3) Fireproof frame The fireproof frame 30 is disposed between the frame 20 and the frame 25. The upper surface of the fireproof frame 30 is joined to the upper edge of the opening 19 with screws or adhesive, the lower surface of the fireproof frame 30 is joined to the lower edge of the opening 19 with screws or adhesive, the right side of the fireproof frame 30 is joined to the left side of the frame 20 with screws or adhesive, and the left side of the fireproof frame 30 is joined to the right side of the frame 25 with screws or adhesive. The fireproof frame 30 is made of a fireproof fiber-reinforced composite material containing gypsum and inorganic fibers such as glass fiber or glass cloth. The fireproof frame 30 is fire-resistant, and its flame retardancy is higher than that of the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, the hanging wall panel 13, the waist wall panel 14, the frame 20, 25, and the frame 40.

[0030] The fireproof frame 30 includes vertical fireproof crosspieces 31 and 32, an upper fireproof crosspiece 33, and a lower fireproof crosspiece 34. The vertical fireproof crosspieces 31 and 32, the upper fireproof crosspiece 33, and the lower fireproof crosspiece 34 are cut from a fireproof reinforced gypsum board containing gypsum and inorganic fibers such as glass fiber or glass cloth fiber. The vertical fireproof crosspiece 31 is attached to the left side of the frame 20, i.e., to vertical crosspiece 22, with screws or adhesive, and the vertical fireproof crosspiece 32 is attached to the right side of the frame 25, i.e., to vertical crosspiece 27, with screws or adhesive. The upper fireproof crosspiece 33 is attached to the upper edge of the opening 19, i.e., to the underside of the hanging wall panel 13, with screws or adhesive, and the lower fireproof crosspiece 34 is attached to the lower edge of the opening 19, i.e., to the upper surface of the waist wall panel 14, with screws or adhesive. Both end faces of the upper fireproof crosspiece 33 and the lower fireproof crosspiece 34 abut against the vertical crosspieces 22 and 27, respectively. In other words, the vertical crosspieces 22, 27 are in front of the upper fireproof crosspiece 33 and the lower fireproof crosspiece 34. Both end faces of the vertical fireproof crosspieces 31, 32 abut against the upper fireproof crosspiece 33 and the lower fireproof crosspiece 34, respectively. In other words, the upper fireproof crosspiece 33 and the lower fireproof crosspiece 34 are in front of the vertical fireproof crosspieces 31, 32. However, the upper fireproof crosspiece 33 and the lower fireproof crosspiece 34 may be in front of the vertical fireproof crosspieces 31, 32.

[0031] The dimensions of the fire-resistant vertical bars 31, 32, the fire-resistant upper bar 33 and the fire-resistant lower bar 34 in the wall thickness direction are equal to the thickness of the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, the hanging wall panel 13 and the waist wall panel 14.

[0032] (4) Picture frames The frame 40 is a wooden frame made of wood. The frame 40 is fitted inside the fireproof frame body 30, and the outer peripheral surface of the frame 40 is joined to the inner peripheral surface of the fireproof frame body 30 with screws or adhesive. The back surface of the frame 40 is flush with the back surfaces of the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, hanging wall panel 13, waist wall panel 14, frame bodies 20, 25, and fireproof frame body 30. The dimension of the frame 40 in the wall thickness direction is greater than the thickness of the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, hanging wall panel 13, and waist wall panel 14, and the frame 40 protrudes outdoors from the surfaces of the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, hanging wall panel 13, waist wall panel 14, frame bodies 20, 25, and fireproof frame body 30.

[0033] The frame 40 has vertical frames 41, 42, an upper frame 43, and a lower frame 44. The vertical frame 41 is attached to the vertical fireproof rail 31 with screws or adhesive. The vertical frame 42 is attached to the vertical fireproof rail 32 with screws or adhesive. The upper frame 43 is attached to the upper fireproof rail 33 with screws or adhesive. The lower frame 44 is attached to the lower fireproof rail 34 with screws or adhesive.

[0034] When screws are used to join the vertical frame 41 and the fireproof vertical crosspiece 31, the screws are driven from the vertical frame 41, past the fireproof vertical crosspiece 31, to the vertical crosspiece 22. The same applies when screws are used to join the vertical frame 42 and the fireproof vertical crosspiece 32. When screws are used to join the upper frame 43 and the fireproof upper crosspiece 33, the screws are driven from the upper frame 43, past the fireproof upper crosspiece 33, to the hanging wall panel 13. The same applies when screws are used to join the lower frame 44 and the fireproof lower crosspiece 34.

[0035] Both end faces of the upper frame 43 and the lower frame 44 abut against the vertical fireproof bars 31 and 32, respectively. In other words, the vertical fireproof bars 31 and 32 are larger than the upper frame 43 and the lower frame 44. Both end faces of the vertical frames 41 and 42 abut against the upper frame 43 and the lower frame 44, respectively. In other words, the upper frame 43 and the lower frame 44 are larger than the vertical frames 41 and 42. However, the upper frame 43 and the lower frame 44 may be smaller than the vertical frames 41 and 42.

[0036] The dimensions of the vertical frames 41, 42, the upper frame 43 and the lower frame 44 in the wall thickness direction are larger than the thickness of the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, the hanging wall panel 13 and the waist wall panel 14, and the vertical frames 41, 42, the upper frame 43 and the lower frame 44 protrude toward the outdoors from the surfaces of the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, the hanging wall panel 13, the waist wall panel 14, the frame bodies 20, 25 and the fire-resistant frame body 30.

[0037] (5) Waterproof and breathable sheet Waterproof and breathable sheet 50 is attached to the surfaces of sleeve wall panels 11, 12, hanging wall panel 13, waist wall panel 14, frame bodies 20, 25, and fireproof frame body 30. The openings on the inside of frame bodies 20, 25 are covered and blocked by waterproof and breathable sheet 50. Waterproof and breathable sheet 50 has an opening into which frame 40 fits, and the upper and lower edges of the opening are firmly fixed to upper fireproof rail 33 and lower fireproof rail 34 with waterproof adhesive tape 51, 52, respectively.

[0038] (6) Water-repellent material The waterproof material 60 is attached to the lower frame 44. More specifically, the waterproof material 60 is attached to the upper end and surface of the lower lower frame 44 with fasteners such as staples. The surface of the lower frame 44 refers to the surface facing outdoors.

[0039] (7) Sash The sash 70 is, for example, a fixed window sash, a sliding window sash, a vertical sliding window sash, a horizontal sliding window sash, a tilt-down window sash, a double-hung window sash, or a louvered window sash. The sash 70 has a sash frame and a shoji screen installed inside the sash frame. The sash frame of the sash 70 is partially fitted inside the frame 40 and overlaps the surface of the frame 40. The sash frame of the sash 70 is fixed to the frame 40 with screws or the like. The waterproof material 60 is sandwiched between the sash frame of the sash 70 and the frame 40.

[0040] (8) Fireproof layer The fire-resistant layer 80 is attached to the surfaces of the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, the hanging wall panel 13, the waist wall panel 14, the frames 20, 25, and the fire-resistant frame 30, and a waterproof / breathable sheet 50 is sandwiched between the surfaces of the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, the hanging wall panel 13, the waist wall panel 14, the frames 20, 25, and the fire-resistant frame 30 and the fire-resistant layer 80. The fire-resistant layer 80 is fixed to the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, the hanging wall panel 13, the waist wall panel 14, the frames 20, 25, and the fire-resistant frame 30 using, for example, screws. The screws are driven from the surface of the fire-resistant layer 80 into the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, the hanging wall panel 13, the waist wall panel 14, the frames 20, 25, or the fire-resistant frame 30. The fire-resistant layer 80 surrounds the protruding portion of the frame 40 and abuts against the outer periphery of the protruding portion. The fire-resistant layer 80 is in close contact with the surface of the fire-resistant frame 30 around the frame 40 .

[0041] The fire-resistant layer 80 is made up of a stack of a first reinforced gypsum board layer 81 and a second reinforced gypsum board layer 82. The first reinforced gypsum board layer 81 is formed by arranging a plurality of reinforced gypsum boards and laying them on the waterproof / breathable sheet 50. The first reinforced gypsum board layer 81 is formed by arranging a plurality of reinforced gypsum boards and laying them on the first reinforced gypsum board layer 81.

[0042] The fire-resistant layer 90 is attached to the back surfaces of the sleeve wall panels 11 and 12, the hanging wall panel 13, the waist wall panel 14, the frames 20 and 25, and the fire-resistant frame 30. The fire-resistant layer 90 extends from the inner periphery of the fire-resistant frame 30 toward the frame 40 and is attached to the back surface of the frame 40. The fire-resistant layer 90 is fixed to the sleeve wall panels 11 and 12, the hanging wall panel 13, the waist wall panel 14, the frames 20 and 25, and the fire-resistant frame 30 using, for example, screws. The screws are driven from the back surface of the fire-resistant layer 90 to the sleeve wall panels 11 and 12, the hanging wall panel 13, the waist wall panel 14, the frames 20 and 25, the fire-resistant frame 30, or the frame 40. Like the fire-resistant layer 80, the fire-resistant layer 90 is composed of a stack of a first reinforced gypsum board layer 91 and a second reinforced gypsum board layer 92.

[0043] The reinforced gypsum boards that are components of the reinforced gypsum board layers 81, 82, 91, and 92 contain gypsum and inorganic fibers such as glass fibers or glass cloth fibers, and have fire resistance.

[0044] The fire-resistant layer 80 may be made up of one layer of reinforced gypsum board, or may be made up of three or more layers of reinforced gypsum board. The same applies to the fire-resistant layer 90.

[0045] The surfaces of the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, the hanging wall panel 13, the waist wall panel 14, and the frame bodies 20, 25 are covered with a fire-resistant layer 80. The back surfaces of the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, the hanging wall panel 13, the waist wall panel 14, and the frame bodies 20, 25 are covered with a fire-resistant layer 90. A fire-resistant frame body 30 is fitted into an opening surrounded by the hanging wall panel 13, the waist wall panel 14, and the frame bodies 20, 25, and the inner peripheral surface of the opening is covered by the fire-resistant frame body 30. Around the entire periphery of the opening, the surface of the fire-resistant frame body 30 abuts against the fire-resistant layer 80, and the back surface of the fire-resistant frame body 30 abuts against the fire-resistant layer 90. The fire-resistant layers 80, 90 and the fire-resistant frame body 30 contribute to suppressing the spread of fire to the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, the hanging wall panel 13, the waist wall panel 14, and the frame bodies 20, 25.

[0046] (9) Other An exterior material is attached to the front surface of the fire-resistant layer 80. An interior material is attached to the back surface of the fire-resistant layer 90.

[0047] <3. Manufacturing method for fire-resistant exterior wall structure> (1) Installation of exterior walls First, an exterior wall 10 having an opening 19 is installed as shown in Fig. 4. The exterior wall 10 is installed, for example, as follows.

[0048] The sleeve wall panels 11, 12 are installed side by side, with a gap between them, in an upright state on lower supports such as foundations, beams, girths, or floor panels. The waist wall panel 14 is placed between the sleeve wall panels 11, 12 and installed in an upright state on the lower supports, and the waist wall panel 14 is joined to the sleeve wall panels 11, 12. The hanging wall panel 13 is placed between the sleeve wall panels 11, 12 and above the waist wall panel 14, and the upper end of the hanging wall panel 13 is aligned with the upper ends of the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, and the hanging wall panel 13 is joined to the sleeve wall panels 11, 12.

[0049] Furthermore, the vertical bar 21 is fixed to the left side of the sleeve wall panel 11 within the opening 19 with a screw or adhesive, and the vertical bar 26 is fixed to the right side of the sleeve wall panel 12 within the opening 19 with a screw or adhesive.

[0050] (2) Applying a waterproof and breathable sheet As shown in Figure 5, a waterproof / breathable sheet 50 is attached to the surfaces of the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, the hanging wall panel 13, and the waist wall panel 14. Horizontal cuts are made in the waterproof / breathable sheet 50 along the upper and lower edges of the opening 19, and a horizontal cut is made in the waterproof / breathable sheet 50 from the upper horizontal cut to the lower cut. A folded piece 53 formed by these cuts is turned back to the right part of the waterproof / breathable sheet 50 along the right edge of the opening 19, and a folded piece 54 is turned back to the left part of the waterproof / breathable sheet 50 along the right edge of the opening 19.

[0051] (3) Attaching the frame 6, the frame bodies 20 and 25 are attached to the right and left sides, respectively, within the opening 19. The frame bodies 20 and 25 are attached, for example, as follows.

[0052] The upper surface of the upper crosspiece 23 is placed against the underside of the hanging wall panel 13, and the end surface of the upper crosspiece 23 is butted against the vertical crosspiece 21, and the upper crosspiece 23 is fixed to the hanging wall panel 13 with screws or adhesive. The lower surface of the lower crosspiece 24 is placed against the upper surface of the waist wall panel 14, and the end surface of the upper crosspiece 23 is butted against the vertical crosspiece 21, and the lower crosspiece 24 is fixed to the waist wall panel 14 with screws or adhesive. Both end surfaces of the vertical crosspiece 22 are butted against the underside of the hanging wall panel 13 and the upper surface of the waist wall panel 14, and the vertical crosspiece 22 is placed against the upper crosspiece 23 and lower crosspiece 24, and the vertical crosspiece 22 is fixed to the upper crosspiece 23 and lower crosspiece 24 with screws or adhesive. The frame body 25 is also attached in the same manner as the frame body 20.

[0053] After the frames 20 and 25 are assembled, the frames 20 and 25 may be attached to the right and left sides of the opening 19, respectively.

[0054] (4) Installation of fireproof frame As shown in Fig. 7, the fireproof frame body 30 is attached to the opening surrounded by the hanging wall panel 13, the waist wall panel 14, and the frames 20 and 25. The fireproof frame body 30 is attached, for example, as follows.

[0055] The upper surface of the upper fireproof rail 33 is placed against the underside of the hanging wall panel 13, both end faces of the upper fireproof rail 33 are placed against the vertical rails 22, 26, respectively, and the upper fireproof rail 33 is fixed to the hanging wall panel 13 with screws or adhesive. The lower surface of the lower fireproof rail 34 is placed against the upper surface of the waist wall panel 14, both end faces of the lower fireproof rail 34 are placed against the vertical rails 22, 26, respectively, and the lower fireproof rail 34 is fixed to the waist wall panel 14 with screws or adhesive. The vertical fireproof rail 31 is placed against the vertical rails 22, both end faces of the vertical fireproof rail 31 are placed against the upper fireproof rail 33 and the lower fireproof rail 34, respectively, and the vertical fireproof rail 31 is fixed to the vertical rail 22 with screws or adhesive. The fireproof vertical bar 32 is placed against the vertical bar 27, and both end faces of the fireproof vertical bar 32 are butted against the fireproof upper bar 33 and the fireproof lower bar 34, respectively, and the fireproof vertical bar 32 is fixed to the vertical bar 27 with screws or adhesive.

[0056] After the fireproof frame 30 is framed, the fireproof frame 30 may be attached to the opening surrounded by the waist wall panel 14 and the frames 20, 25.

[0057] (5) Mounting the frame As shown in Figure 8, the frame 40 is attached to the inside of the fireproof frame body 30, and the frame 40 protrudes to the outdoors from the surfaces of the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, the hanging wall panel 13, the waist wall panel 14, the frame bodies 20, 25, and the fireproof frame body 30. The frame 40 is attached, for example, as follows.

[0058] The upper frame 43 is placed against the fireproof upper crosspiece 33, and both end faces of the upper frame 43 are butted against the fireproof vertical crosspieces 31 and 32, respectively, and the upper frame 43 is fixed to the fireproof upper crosspiece 33 with screws or adhesive. If screws are used, they are driven from the bottom of the upper frame 43 to the hanging wall panel 13. The lower frame 44 is placed against the fireproof lower crosspiece 34, and both end faces of the lower frame 44 are butted against the fireproof vertical crosspieces 31 and 32, respectively, and the lower frame 44 is fixed to the fireproof lower crosspiece 34 with screws or adhesive. If screws are used, they are driven from the top of the lower frame 44 to the waist wall panel 14. The vertical frame 41 is placed against the fireproof vertical bars 31, and both end faces of the vertical frame 41 are butted against the upper frame 43 and the lower frame 44, respectively, and the vertical frame 41 is fixed to the fireproof vertical bars 31 with screws or adhesive. If screws are used, the screws are driven into the vertical bars 22. The vertical frame 42 is placed against the fireproof vertical bars 32, and both end faces of the vertical frame 42 are butted against the upper frame 43 and the lower frame 44, respectively, and the vertical frame 42 is fixed to the fireproof vertical bars 32 with screws or adhesive. If screws are used, the screws are driven into the vertical bars 27.

[0059] It is also possible to attach the frame 40 to the inside of the fireproof frame 30 after the frame 40 has been assembled.

[0060] (6) Covering the frame with a waterproof and breathable sheet 9, folded pieces 53, 54 of waterproof / breathable sheet 50 are turned back and folded pieces 53, 54 are attached to the surfaces of frames 20, 25, respectively, so that the folded pieces 53, 54 cover and close the openings on the inside of frames 20, 25. The upper and lower horizontal notches made in waterproof / breathable sheet 50 are sealed with waterproof adhesive tapes 51, 52, and waterproof / breathable sheet 50 is fixed to upper fire-resistant rail 33 and lower fire-resistant rail 34 with waterproof adhesive tapes 51, 52.

[0061] (7) Installation of waterproofing materials and sashes The waterproof material 60 is attached to the surface and upper end of the lower frame 44 of the frame 40 with fasteners such as staples. The sash 70 is partially fitted inside the frame 40 and overlapped on the frame 40. This sandwiches the water-stopping material 60 between the lower edge of the sash 70 and the frame 40. Thereafter, the sash 70 is fixed to the frame 40 with screws or the like.

[0062] (8) Installation of fireproof layer Two layers of reinforced gypsum board are sequentially laid out on the waterproof / breathable sheet 50, and screws or the like are driven from the reinforced gypsum boards to the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, the hanging wall panel 13, the waist wall panel 14, the frames 20, 25, or the fire-resistant frame 30. In this way, as shown in Figure 1, a fire-resistant layer 80 consisting of a stack of first reinforced gypsum board layers 81 and second reinforced gypsum board layers 82 is attached to the entire surfaces of the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, the hanging wall panel 13, the waist wall panel 14, the frames 20, 25, and the fire-resistant frame 30.

[0063] Similarly, two layers of reinforced gypsum board are sequentially laid out on the backsides of the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, the hanging wall panel 13, the waist wall panel 14, the frames 20, 25, the fire-resistant frame 30, and the frame 40, and screws or the like are driven from the reinforced gypsum boards to the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, the hanging wall panel 13, the waist wall panel 14, the frames 20, 25, the fire-resistant frame 30, or the frame 40. In this way, the fire-resistant layer 90 consisting of the stack of the first reinforced gypsum board layer 91 and the second reinforced gypsum board layer 92 is attached to the entire backsides of the sleeve wall panels 11, 12, the hanging wall panel 13, the waist wall panel 14, the frames 20, 25, the fire-resistant frame 30, and the frame 40.

[0064] (9) Installation of exterior and interior materials An exterior material is attached to the fire-resistant layer 80 from the outside, and the fire-resistant layer 80 is covered with the exterior material. An interior material is attached to the fireproof layer 90 from inside the building, and the fireproof layer 90 is covered with an exterior material.

[0065] <4. Example of changes> Wainwake panel 14 does not have to be provided. In this case, opening 19 extends to a lower support such as a sill, beam, girder, or floor panel, and the lower support forms the lower edge of opening 19. In addition, bottom rails 24, bottom rails 29, and fire-resistant bottom rails 34 are joined to the lower support with screws or adhesive. The lower support may have a recess on its upper surface into which bottom rails 24, bottom rails 29, and fire-resistant bottom rails 34 can fit. Sash 70 is a French window sash, a service door sash, or a fixed window sash.

[0066] <5. Summary> (1) The fireproof frame body 30 is fitted between a pair of vertical bars 22, 27 on the left and right, the fireproof layer 80 is attached to the surface of the fireproof frame body 30, and the fireproof layer 90 is attached to the back surface of the fireproof frame body 30, so that flames passing through the sash 70 do not reach the exterior wall 10 and the frame bodies 20, 25.

[0067] (2) Because the fire-resistant layer 80 is attached to the surfaces of the exterior wall 10, the frames 20, 25, and the fire-resistant frame 30, even if the fire-resistant exterior wall structure 1 is exposed to flames from outside, the fire will not spread to the exterior wall 10 and the frames 20, 25. Because the fire-resistant layer 90 is attached to the back surface of the exterior wall 10, the frames 20, 25, and the fire-resistant frame 30, even if the fire-resistant exterior wall structure 1 is exposed to flames from inside, the fire will not spread to the exterior wall 10 and the frames 20, 25.

[0068] (3) When screws are used to join the inner periphery of the fireproof frame 30 and the outer periphery of the frame 40, the vertical bars 22, 27 contribute to the effectiveness of the screws. The hanging wall panel 13 and the waist wall panel 14 also contribute to the effectiveness of the screws.

[0069] (4) The frame 40 protrudes outdoors from the surfaces of the exterior wall 10, the frame bodies 20, 25, and the fire-resistant frame body 30, and the fire-resistant layer 80 surrounds the frame 40 and is abutted against the outer periphery of the frame 40, so there are no gaps through which flames can pass, and the exterior wall 10 and the frame bodies 20, 25 are not susceptible to the spread of fire.

[0070] (5) Since the fire-resistant layer 90 extends from the fire-resistant frame 30 to the frame 40 and is attached to the back surface of the frame 40, there are no gaps through which flames can pass, and the exterior wall 10 and the frame bodies 20, 25 are not susceptible to the spread of fire.

[0071] (6) Since the vertical bars 22 and 27 are joined to the upper bars 23 and 28, respectively, the vertical bars 22 and 27 are firmly fixed to the inside of the opening 19.

[0072] (7) Since the vertical bars 22 and 27 are joined to the lower bars 24 and 29, respectively, the vertical bars 22 and 27 are firmly fixed to the inside of the opening 19.

[0073] (8) The energy used from the production to the disposal and disposal of wood is less than the energy used from the production to the disposal and disposal of metal or concrete materials. Therefore, since Fire-Resistant Exterior Wall Structure 1 is a component of a wooden building, Fire-Resistant Exterior Wall Structure 1 contributes to the realization of a decarbonized society by promoting carbon neutrality, which reduces carbon dioxide emissions to virtually zero, and to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

[0074] (9) The above-disclosed embodiments have been made for the purpose of illustration and example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which should be interpreted by the terms of the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0075] 1 Fireproof outer wall structure 10 Exterior Wall 19 Aperture 22,27 Vertical bars 23,28 Upper rail 24,29 Lower rail 30 Fireproof frame 40 Picture Frame 70 Sash 80,90 Fireproof layer

Claims

1. In the fire-resistant exterior wall structure of a building, an exterior wall having a front surface facing the outdoors and a back surface facing the outdoors, and having an opening penetrating from the front surface to the back surface; a pair of vertical bars extending vertically from the lower edge to the upper edge of the opening at positions spaced apart from the left and right edges of the opening toward the center of the opening, the vertical bars being spaced apart from each other on the left and right sides; A fireproof frame body fitted between the vertical bars and joined to the lower and upper edges of the opening and the vertical bars; a frame fitted inside the fireproof frame and joined to the inner periphery of the fireproof frame; a sash attached to the frame; a first fireproof layer attached to the surfaces of the outer wall, the vertical beams, and the fireproof frame; a second fireproof layer attached to the rear surfaces of the outer wall, the vertical beams, and the fireproof frame; A fire-resistant exterior wall structure comprising:

2. The fire-resistant exterior wall structure according to claim 1, The frame protrudes from the surfaces of the exterior wall, the vertical beams, and the fireproof frame body toward the outdoors, The first fire-resistant layer surrounds the frame and abuts against the outer periphery of the frame. A fire-resistant exterior wall structure characterized by:

3. The fire-resistant exterior wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, The second fireproof layer extends from the fireproof frame toward the frame and is attached to the back surface of the frame. A fire-resistant exterior wall structure characterized by:

4. The fire-resistant exterior wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, a pair of upper bars on the left and right joined to the upper edge of the opening between each of the pair of vertical bars and each of the left and right edges of the opening; The pair of vertical bars are joined to the pair of upper bars, respectively. A fire-resistant exterior wall structure characterized by:

5. The fire-resistant exterior wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, a pair of lower bars on the left and right joined to the lower edge of the opening between each of the pair of vertical bars and each of the left and right edges of the opening; The pair of vertical bars are joined to the pair of bottom bars, respectively. A fire-resistant exterior wall structure characterized by:

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