Vibration monitoring device, turbocharger, and vibration monitoring method

Abstract

To evaluate vibration of a rotation shaft in real time from a rotation signal of the rotation shaft.SOLUTION: A vibration monitoring device comprises: a rotation sensor that outputs a rotation signal synchronized with rotation of a rotation shaft; a cut rotation signal generation unit that, when the rotation signal is output from the rotation sensor, generates a cut rotation signal for replacing a portion of the rotation signal equal to or more than a preset critical value with the critical value and maintaining a portion of the rotation signal less than the critical value as the rotation signal as is; an offset rotation signal generation unit that generates an offset rotation signal obtained by offsetting the cut rotation signal to be closer to the critical value; and a first filter that extracts, from the offset rotation signal, a signal in a passband set based on the number of rotations of the rotation shaft as a vibration signal from which information on vibration of the rotation shaft can be acquired.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a vibration monitoring device, a supercharger, and a vibration monitoring method. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for separating a signal detected by a non-contact displacement meter into a rotation pulse signal of a rotating shaft and a shaft vibration waveform signal of the rotating shaft. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 7-253493 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, in the technology described in Patent Document 1, raw waveform data of the rotation signal of the rotating shaft detected by the displacement meter is saved as time-series data, and this saved time-series data is compared with a threshold calculated from the time-series data to separate it into a rotation pulse signal and a shaft vibration waveform signal.As a result, the vibration of the rotating shaft cannot be evaluated in real time, and there is a risk that the evaluation of the vibration of the rotating shaft will be delayed if there is a large change in the rotation speed of the rotating shaft.

[0005] The present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a vibration monitoring device and a monitoring method that can evaluate the vibration of a rotating shaft in real time from the rotation signal of the rotating shaft. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the vibration monitoring device of the present disclosure includes a rotation sensor that outputs a rotation signal synchronized with the rotation of a rotating shaft, a cut rotation signal generation unit that, when the rotation signal is output from the rotation sensor, generates a cut rotation signal that replaces a portion of the rotation signal that is equal to or greater than a predetermined limit value with the limit value and leaves a portion of the rotation signal that is less than the limit value as the rotation signal, an offset rotation signal generation unit that generates an offset rotation signal that offsets the cut rotation signal so that it approaches the limit value, and a first filter that extracts a signal of a passband from the offset rotation signal that is set based on the rotation speed of the rotating shaft as a vibration signal from which vibration information of the rotating shaft can be obtained.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the vibration monitoring method according to the present disclosure includes: outputting a rotation signal synchronized with the rotation of the rotary shaft; generating a cut rotation signal when the rotation signal is output, replacing a portion of the rotation signal that is equal to or greater than a predetermined limit value with the limit value, and leaving a portion of the rotation signal that is less than the limit value as the rotation signal; generating an offset rotation signal by offsetting the cut rotation signal so as to approach the limit value; and extracting, from the offset rotation signal, a signal in a pass band that is set based on the rotation speed of the rotating shaft as a vibration signal from which vibration information of the rotating shaft can be obtained. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the vibration monitoring device and vibration monitoring method of the present disclosure, it is possible to evaluate the vibration of a rotating shaft in real time from the rotation signal of the rotating shaft. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a supercharger to which a vibration monitoring device according to a first embodiment is applied. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a marker unit according to the first embodiment. [Figure 3] 3 is a waveform diagram of a rotation signal output by the rotation sensor according to the first embodiment. FIG. [Figure 4] 1 is a schematic functional block diagram of a processing device according to a first embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of a cut rotation signal according to the first embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of an offset rotation signal according to the first embodiment. [Figure 7] 1 is a schematic functional block diagram of an output device according to a first embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a characteristics table of a first filter according to the first embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of a vibration signal according to the first embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a schematic functional block diagram of a processing device according to a second embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an average value according to the second embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically illustrating the configuration of a vibration monitoring device according to a third embodiment. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically illustrating the configuration of a vibration monitoring device according to a fourth embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is a schematic functional block diagram of a post-processing device according to a fourth embodiment. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically illustrating the configuration of a vibration monitoring device according to a fifth embodiment. [Figure 16] 13A and 13B are diagrams for explaining the operation of a vibration waveform restoration unit according to the fifth embodiment. [Figure 17] 1 is a flowchart of a vibration monitoring method according to the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] Hereinafter, a vibration monitoring device, a turbocharger, and a vibration monitoring method according to embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiments illustrate one aspect of the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The embodiments can be modified as desired within the scope of the technical concept of the present disclosure.

[0011] First Embodiment (Turbocharger configuration) 1 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a supercharger 100 to which a vibration monitoring device 1 according to a first embodiment is applied. The supercharger 100 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, an exhaust turbo supercharger that is mounted on a ship and supercharges the intake air of an engine. In the present disclosure, the description will be given taking this exhaust turbo supercharger as an example.

[0012] As illustrated in Fig. 1, the turbocharger 100 includes a rotating shaft 102, a compressor 104, a turbine 106, and the vibration monitoring device 1 according to the first embodiment. The compressor 104 is provided at one end (left end in Fig. 1) of the rotating shaft 102 in the direction of the axis O. The turbine 106 is provided at the other end (right end in Fig. 1) of the rotating shaft 102 in the direction of the axis O. The rotating shaft 102 connects the compressor 104 and the turbine 106.

[0013] The compressor 104 compresses intake air and supplies it to an engine (not shown). The turbine 106 converts the energy of exhaust gas emitted from the engine into rotational energy of the turbine 106 when the exhaust gas passes through the turbine 106. The rotating shaft 102 rotates about an axis O together with the rotation of the turbine 106. The compressor 104 is driven by the rotation of the rotating shaft 102.

[0014] 1 , the rotating shaft 102 includes a marker unit 108 configured so that a rotation signal A, which will be described later, has a pulse waveform. The marker unit 108 is provided between the compressor 104 and the turbine 106 in the direction of the axis O. The marker unit 108 is provided on the turbine 106 side between the compressor 104 and the turbine 106 in the direction of the axis O. In some embodiments, the marker unit 108 is provided closer to one end of the rotating shaft 102 than the compressor 104 in the direction of the axis O.

[0015] An example of the configuration of the marker unit 108 will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating the configuration of the marker unit 108 according to the first embodiment. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the rotating shaft 102 includes an inner rotor 110 and an outer rotor 112. The inner rotor 110 of the rotating shaft 102 rotates about the axis O together with the rotation of the turbine 106. The outer rotor 112 has a hole 114 formed therein into which the inner rotor 110 is fitted. In other words, the outer rotor 112 is attached to the inner rotor 110 so as to cover the outer peripheral surface of the inner rotor 110. The outer rotor 112 rotates together with the rotation of the inner rotor 110 fitted in the hole 114. The outer rotor 112 includes a groove 118 formed in its outer peripheral surface 116. When the groove 118 is not formed, the outer peripheral surface 116 of the outer rotor 112 has a circular shape. The groove 118 is formed by cutting out a portion 117 of this circular outer circumferential surface 116 toward the axis O. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the outer rotor 112 includes one groove 118. Such an outer rotor 112 corresponds to the marker portion 108. In some embodiments, the outer rotor 112 includes multiple grooves 118. In some embodiments, the outer rotor 112 includes two grooves 118, one of which is located on the opposite side of the axis O from the other groove 118. The two grooves 118 are formed in the outer rotor 112 so as to be symmetrical about the axis O.

[0016] 2, as long as the marker portion 108 is configured so that the rotation signal A has a pulse waveform. For example, the marker portion 108 (outer rotating body 112) may include, instead of the groove 118, a protrusion that protrudes radially outward from a part 117 of the outer circumferential surface 116.

[0017] (Configuration of vibration monitoring device according to the first embodiment) 1, the following describes the configuration of the vibration monitoring device 1. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the vibration monitoring device 1 includes a rotation sensor 2, a cut rotation signal generator 4, an offset rotation signal generator 6, and a first filter 8.

[0018] The rotation sensor 2 outputs a rotation signal A synchronized with the rotation of the rotating shaft 102. As shown in FIG. 2, the rotation sensor 2 is an eddy current displacement sensor that generates an eddy current on the outer circumferential surface 116 of the rotating shaft 102, thereby detecting the distance d to the outer circumferential surface 116 of the rotating shaft 102 as the rotation signal A. More specifically, the rotation sensor 2 is configured to generate a high-frequency magnetic flux, and detects changes in the eddy current generated on the outer circumferential surface 116 of the rotating shaft 102, which is the target (object to be measured), as changes in the impedance of the coil. In other words, the rotation sensor 2 detects changes in the distance d that accompany the rotation of the rotating shaft 102 as changes in the impedance of the coil, and is configured to obtain the maximum output when the outer circumferential surface 116 of the rotating shaft 102 is closest to the rotation sensor 2.

[0019] It should be noted that the rotation sensor 2 is not limited to an eddy current displacement sensor. In some embodiments, the rotation sensor 2 is a laser displacement sensor that includes a laser head that emits laser light, irradiates the laser light from the laser head onto the outer circumferential surface 116 of the rotating shaft 102, and detects the distance from the laser head to the outer circumferential surface 116 of the rotating shaft 102 based on the reflected light of the laser light.

[0020] FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of the rotation signal A output by the rotation sensor 2 according to the first embodiment. In the first embodiment, the rotation sensor 2 outputs the rotation signal A as a voltage value. As shown in FIG. 3, the marker portion 108 (outer rotating body 112) of the rotating shaft 102 described above includes the groove 118, and therefore the rotation signal A has a pulse waveform that is formed as the rotating shaft 102 rotates. That is, when the rotation sensor 2 and the groove 118 face each other during rotation of the rotating shaft 102, the displacement becomes large. On the other hand, when the rotation sensor 2 and the groove 118 do not face each other during rotation of the rotating shaft 102, the displacement is small. In the first embodiment, the marker portion 108 has one groove 118, and therefore one pulse (a portion 120 where the waveform has a large displacement) appears during one rotation of the rotating shaft 102.

[0021] In the first embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 1, a vibration monitoring device 1 includes a processing device 3 having a cut rotation signal generating section 4 and an offset rotation signal generating section 6, and an output device .

[0022] Each of the processing device 3 and the output device 7 is a computer such as an electronic control device, and includes a processor such as a CPU or GPU (not shown), memory such as a ROM or RAM, and an I / O interface. The processor of each of the processing device 3 and the output device 7 operates (calculates, etc.) according to instructions from a program loaded into the memory, thereby realizing the respective functional units of the processing device 3 and the output device 7. In some embodiments, at least one of the processing device 3 and the output device 7 is a cloud server provided in a cloud environment. In the first embodiment, the cut rotation signal generation unit 4 and the offset rotation signal generation unit 6 are provided in a common processing device 3, but the present disclosure is not limited to this configuration. In some embodiments, the cut rotation signal generation unit 4 and the offset rotation signal generation unit 6 are provided in separate processing devices 3.

[0023] The processing device 3 and the output device 7 are each electrically connected to the rotation sensor 2 and are capable of acquiring the rotation signal A output from the rotation sensor 2.

[0024] The cut rotation signal generating unit 4 and offset rotation signal generating unit 6 included in the processing device 3 will be described below. Fig. 4 is a schematic functional block diagram of the processing device 3 according to the first embodiment. Fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of the cut rotation signal B according to the first embodiment. Fig. 6 is a waveform diagram of the offset rotation signal C according to the first embodiment.

[0025] When a rotation signal A is output from the rotation sensor 2, the cut rotation signal generating unit 4 replaces the portion of the rotation signal A that is equal to or greater than a predetermined limit value Vu with the limit value Vu (upper limit value), and generates a cut rotation signal B that leaves the portion of the rotation signal A that is less than the limit value Vu as it is.

[0026] In the first embodiment, as illustrated in Fig. 4, the cut rotation signal generation unit 4 receives the rotation signal A output from the rotation sensor 2. Then, as illustrated in Fig. 5, the cut rotation signal generation unit 4 replaces the portion of the received rotation signal A that is equal to or greater than the limit value Vu (the portion indicated by the dotted line in Fig. 5) with the limit value Vu. Furthermore, the cut rotation signal generation unit 4 generates the cut rotation signal B by leaving the portion of the received rotation signal A that is less than the limit value Vu as rotation signal A.

[0027] The limit value Vu will now be described. The limit value Vu is a value smaller than the maximum value of the rotation signal A. The limit value Vu is obtained by converting the size of the gap between the rotating shaft 102 and the bearing that supports this rotating shaft 102, more specifically the size of the gap between the outer peripheral surface 116 of the outer rotating body 112 and the bearing surface of the bearing, into a voltage value, and is, for example, 10 V. Setting such a limit value Vu makes it possible to prevent the axial vibration component of the rotating shaft 102 from being cut off from the cut rotation signal B when the rotating shaft 2 is vibrating at a magnitude greater than the gap and making contact with the bearing.

[0028] In some embodiments, when rotation signal A is output from rotation sensor 2, cut rotation signal generator 4 replaces the portion of rotation signal A that is equal to or greater than a predetermined upper limit value with the upper limit value, and replaces the portion of rotation signal A that is equal to or less than a predetermined lower limit value with the lower limit value. Then, cut rotation signal generator 4 generates cut rotation signal B, which leaves the portion of rotation signal A that is less than the upper limit value and greater than the lower limit value as rotation signal A.

[0029] The offset rotation signal generator 6 generates an offset rotation signal C by offsetting the cut rotation signal B so that it approaches the limit value Vu.

[0030] In the first embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 4, offset rotation signal generation unit 6 receives cut rotation signal B output from cut rotation signal generation unit 4. Then, as illustrated in FIG. 6, offset rotation signal generation unit 6 offsets the received cut rotation signal B by a preset offset amount so that it approaches limit value Vu. The offset amount may be a predetermined fixed value, or may be a calculated value calculated using a predetermined method. Furthermore, offset rotation signal generation unit 6 generates offset rotation signal C by replacing the portion of cut rotation signal B after offset that is equal to or greater than limit value Vu with limit value Vu.

[0031] The output device 7 will now be described. The output device 7 outputs a filter command value E corresponding to the rotation speed D of the rotating shaft 102 calculated from the rotation signal A. FIG. 7 is a schematic functional block diagram of the output device 7 according to the first embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 7, the output device 7 includes a counter unit 122, a display unit 124, and a filter command value output unit 126.

[0032] Counter unit 122 receives rotation signal A output from rotation sensor 2. Counter unit 122 then counts the number of pulses included in rotation signal A per unit time to calculate the number of rotations D of rotating shaft 102. Display unit 124 displays the number of rotations D of rotating shaft 102 calculated by counter unit 122 on a display device such as a monitor. The display device may be included in output device 7, or may be provided separately from output device 7.

[0033] The filter command value output unit 126 outputs a filter command value E corresponding to the rotation speed D of the rotating shaft 102 calculated by the counter unit 122. In the first embodiment, the filter command value E is a voltage value obtained by converting the rotation speed D of the rotating shaft 102 using a preset conversion method. This conversion method is set based on the characteristics of the first filter 8, which will be described later. In the first embodiment, as the rotation speed D of the rotating shaft 102 increases, the filter command value E (voltage value) also increases. In some embodiments, the rotation speed D of the rotating shaft 102 and the filter command value E are proportional to each other. In some embodiments, the filter command value E is a voltage value obtained by converting the rotation speed D of the rotating shaft 102 using a preset conversion method.

[0034] The first filter 8 extracts, from the offset rotation signal C, a signal in a pass band that is set based on the rotation speed D of the rotating shaft 102 as a vibration signal F from which vibration information of the rotating shaft 102 can be obtained.

[0035] 1, in the first embodiment, the first filter 8 is electrically connected to each of the processing device 3 and the output device 7, and is able to acquire the offset rotation signal C output from the processing device 3 and the filter command value E output from the output device 7. The first filter 8 receives the offset rotation signal C and the filter command value E and outputs (extracts) a vibration signal F. This vibration signal F is a signal from which vibration information of the rotating shaft 102 can be acquired. The vibration information is, for example, the frequency, the magnitude, or the speed of vibration.

[0036] The first filter 8 is configured so that a first cutoff frequency P1 is set in accordance with a filter command value E (voltage value). The first filter 8 passes offset rotation signals C output by the processing device 3 that have a frequency lower than the first cutoff frequency P1, and cuts off offset rotation signals C with a frequency equal to or higher than the first cutoff frequency P1. In other words, the first filter 8 is a low-pass filter. The first filter 8 extracts, as a vibration signal F, offset rotation signals C that have a frequency lower than the first cutoff frequency P1. In this way, the signal pass band of the first filter 8 (a frequency band lower than the first cutoff frequency P1) is set in accordance with the filter command value E. The first filter 8 extracts, from the offset rotation signal C, a signal in the pass band set in accordance with the filter command value E, as a vibration signal F.

[0037] Here, the setting of the first cutoff frequency P1 will be described. Fig. 8 is a diagram showing a characteristic table of the first filter 8 according to the first embodiment. In Fig. 8, the horizontal axis represents frequency shown on a logarithmic scale, and the vertical axis represents decibel values. In Fig. 8, V1 represents the characteristic of the first filter 8 when the voltage value (filter command value E) is 0.01 V, V2 represents the characteristic of the first filter 8 when the voltage value is 0.1 V, V3 represents the characteristic of the first filter 8 when the voltage value is 1 V, and V4 represents the characteristic of the first filter 8 when the voltage value is 10 V.

[0038] The decibel value corresponds to signal strength, and when the decibel value is less than 0, the vibration signal F extracted by the first filter 8 is attenuated. As shown in FIG. 8, for each voltage value (V1 to V4), the decibel value decreases as the frequency increases, and the attenuation rate of the vibration signal F increases. More specifically, when the voltage value input to the first filter 8 is 0.1 V (V2 in FIG. 8), the first filter 8 extracts the vibration signal F by cutting off offset rotation signals C of 1 kHz or higher from the offset rotation signals C input to the first filter 8. In the first embodiment, the first filter 8 sets the first cutoff frequency P1 so that the decibel value is 0. For example, when the voltage value is 0.1 V, the first filter 8 sets the first cutoff frequency to 1 kHz.

[0039] 9 is a waveform diagram of the vibration signal F according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 9, when the offset rotation signal C (vibration signal F) having a frequency lower than the first cutoff frequency P1 is extracted from the offset rotation signal C, the waveform resembles the waveform of the net actual vibration signal Z generated by the vibration of the rotating shaft 102.

[0040] (Actions and Effects of the Vibration Monitoring Device According to the First Embodiment) According to the first embodiment, when rotation signal A is output from rotation sensor 2, offset rotation signal C is generated, and vibration signal F is extracted in real time from this offset rotation signal C. Therefore, it is possible to evaluate the vibration of rotating shaft 102 in real time from rotation signal A of rotating shaft 102. Furthermore, cut rotation signal B replaces the portion of rotation signal A that is equal to or greater than limit value Vu with limit value Vu. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the influence of pulses of rotation signal A when vibration signal F is extracted by first filter 8.

[0041] According to the first embodiment, since the limit value Vu is smaller than the maximum value of the rotation signal A, it becomes easy to generate a cut rotation signal B in which the portion of the rotation signal A that is greater than the limit value Vu is replaced with the limit value Vu, thereby enhancing the effect of suppressing the influence of the pulse of the rotation signal A.

[0042] According to the first embodiment, by appropriately setting the passband of the first filter 8 according to the rotation speed D of the rotating shaft 102, it is possible to extract a vibration signal F of a passband suitable for evaluating the vibration of the rotating shaft 102 from a rotation signal A synchronized with the rotation of the rotating shaft 102 (see Figure 9).

[0043] According to the first embodiment, it is possible to provide a turbocharger 100 that can evaluate in real time the vibration of the rotating shaft 102 of the turbocharger 100 from the rotation signal A of the rotating shaft 102 of the turbocharger 100. According to the first embodiment, it is possible to evaluate in real time the vibration of the rotating shaft 102 in which one groove 118 is formed on the outer circumferential surface 116 of the outer rotating body 112 of the rotating shaft 102.

[0044] In the first embodiment, the passband of the first filter 8 is set according to the filter command value E, but the present disclosure is not limited to this embodiment as long as the passband of the first filter 8 is set based on the rotation speed D of the rotating shaft 102.

[0045] Second Embodiment A vibration monitoring device 1 according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the processing device 3 further includes an average value calculation unit 10, but other configurations are the same as those described in the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0046] (Configuration of vibration monitoring device according to the second embodiment) 10 is a schematic functional block diagram of a processing device 3 according to the second embodiment. As illustrated in FIG.

[0047] The average value calculation unit 10 calculates the average value G of the magnitude of the cut rotation signal B in real time while the rotating shaft 102 is rotating. In the second embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 10, the cut rotation signal B output from the cut rotation signal generation unit 4 is received. Then, as illustrated in FIG. 11, the average value calculation unit 10 calculates the average value G of the magnitude of the cut rotation signal B in a specific section using a moving average method. The specific section is, for example, the time between timing t1 when a pulse (portion 120 in FIG. 11 where the waveform of the cut rotation signal B has a large displacement, indicated by a dotted line) appears and timing t2 when the pulse immediately preceding this pulse appears. At timing t1, the average value calculation unit 10 calculates the average value G of the magnitude of the cut rotation signal B from timing t2 to timing t1. Note that in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 11, there is no change or a very small change in the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 102, so the average value G is a constant value. Note that the method of calculating the average value G by the average value calculation unit 10 is not limited to the moving average method.

[0048] The offset rotation signal generation unit 6 generates an offset rotation signal C by offsetting the cut rotation signal B received from the cut rotation signal generation unit 4 so that the cut rotation signal B approaches the limit value Vu by an amount obtained by subtracting the average value G from the limit value Vu. That is, in the second embodiment, the offset rotation signal generation unit 6 calculates the offset amount by which the cut rotation signal B is offset so as to correspond to changes in the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 102.

[0049] (Actions and Effects of the Vibration Monitoring Device According to the Second Embodiment) According to the second embodiment, the magnitude (offset amount) of offsetting the cut rotation signal B corresponds to the average value G of the cut rotation signal B calculated in real time while the rotating shaft 102 is rotating, making it possible to evaluate in real time the vibration of the rotating shaft 102. Furthermore, compared to when the magnitude of offsetting the cut rotation signal B is a fixed value, it is possible to evaluate the vibration of the rotating shaft 102 more accurately.

[0050] Third Embodiment A vibration monitoring device 1 according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. The third embodiment differs from the second embodiment in that it further includes a second filter 12, but other configurations are the same as those described in the second embodiment. In the third embodiment, the same components as those in the second embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. In some embodiments, the vibration monitoring device 1 is the vibration monitoring device 1 according to the first embodiment, to which the second filter 12 has been added.

[0051] (Actions and Effects of the Vibration Monitoring Device According to the Third Embodiment) 12 is a diagram schematically illustrating the configuration of a vibration monitoring device 1 according to the third embodiment. As illustrated in FIG.

[0052] In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 12, the second filter 12 is electrically connected to the first filter 8, and receives the vibration signal F output (extracted) from the first filter 8. When the vibration signal F is input to the second filter 12, the second filter 12 extracts a vibration signal F (hereinafter, this vibration signal F is referred to as a "shaped vibration signal F1") that is greater than a preset second cutoff frequency P2 from the vibration signal F. In other words, the second filter 12 is a high-pass filter. The second cutoff frequency P2 is smaller than the first cutoff frequency P1. The second cutoff frequency P2 may be a fixed value. The second cutoff frequency P2 is less than 10 Hz.

[0053] (Actions and Effects of the Vibration Monitoring Device According to the Third Embodiment) A vibration signal F having a frequency lower than the second cutoff frequency P2 may contain information other than vibration information about the rotating shaft 102. In particular, by setting the second cutoff frequency P2 to less than 10 Hz, it is possible to remove the influence of vibration synchronous with the rotation of the rotating shaft 102 and the influence of disturbances in other devices. According to the third embodiment, the second filter 12 extracts a signal from the vibration signal F that is higher than the second cutoff frequency P2 as the shaped vibration signal F1, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy of the vibration monitoring device 1.

[0054] <Fourth embodiment> A vibration monitoring device 1 according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. The fourth embodiment differs from the third embodiment in that it further includes a storage unit 14 and a vibration measurement unit 16, but other configurations are the same as those described in the third embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, the same components as those in the third embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. In some embodiments, the vibration monitoring device 1 is the vibration monitoring device 1 according to the first embodiment or the vibration monitoring device 1 according to the second embodiment, to which the storage unit 14 and the vibration measurement unit 16 have been added.

[0055] Fig. 13 is a diagram schematically illustrating the configuration of a vibration monitoring device 1 according to a fourth embodiment. As illustrated in Fig. 13, the vibration monitoring device 1 includes a post-processing device 15 having a storage unit 14 and a vibration measuring unit 16. The post-processing device 15 is electrically connected to the second filter 12 and is capable of acquiring the shaped vibration signal F1 output from the second filter 12.

[0056] The post-processing device 15 is a computer such as an electronic control device, similar to the processing device 3 and output device 7 described above, and includes a processor such as a CPU or GPU (not shown), memories such as a ROM or RAM, and an I / O interface. The processor of the post-processing device 15 operates (calculates, etc.) according to instructions of a program loaded into the memory, thereby realizing the various functional units (storage unit 14 and vibration measurement unit 16) of the post-processing device 15. In some embodiments, the post-processing device 15 is a cloud server provided in a cloud environment. Note that in the fourth embodiment, the post-processing device 15 is provided separately from the processing device 3 and the output device 7, but the present disclosure is not limited to this form. In some embodiments, the processing device 3 includes the storage unit 14 and the vibration measurement unit 16.

[0057] FIG. 14 is a schematic functional block diagram of a post-processing device 15 according to a fourth embodiment. The memory unit 14 stores a shaped first vibration signal F11 (F1) at a first rotation speed of the rotating shaft 102. The first rotation speed is 30 rpm or less. When the vibration measurement unit 16 receives a second vibration signal F12 (F1) at a second rotation speed greater than the first rotation speed from the second filter 12, the vibration measurement unit 16 acquires the first vibration signal F11 from the memory unit 14. The vibration measurement unit 16 then subtracts the shaped first vibration signal F11 from the second vibration signal F12. Note that in the fourth embodiment, the memory unit 14 stores the shaped first vibration signal F11, but the present disclosure is not limited to this configuration. In some embodiments, the memory unit 14 stores the vibration signal F before shaping by the second filter 12.

[0058] (Actions and Effects of the Vibration Monitoring Device According to the Fourth Embodiment) When the rotating shaft 102 rotates at 30 rpm or less, the vibrations generated by this rotation are very small. For this reason, the shaped first vibration signal F11 extracted when the rotating shaft rotates at 30 rpm or less can be considered to form a waveform that does not include vibration information of the rotating shaft 102. In other words, the waveform of the first vibration signal F1 is formed mainly by the outer circumferential shape of the rotating shaft 102. According to the fourth embodiment, by subtracting the shaped vibration signal F11 at the first rotation speed from the second vibration signal F12 at the second rotation speed, it is possible to extract (acquire) a vibration signal F2 having a waveform formed mainly by the vibration of the rotating shaft 102.

[0059] Fifth Embodiment (Configuration of vibration monitoring device according to the fifth embodiment) A vibration monitoring device 50 according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure will now be described. Fig. 15 is a diagram schematically illustrating the configuration of the vibration monitoring device 50 according to the fifth embodiment. Fig. 16 is a diagram for explaining the operation of a vibration waveform restoration unit 56. As illustrated in Fig. 15, the vibration monitoring device 50 includes a rotation sensor 52, a detection unit 54, and a vibration waveform restoration unit 56. The rotation sensor 52 according to the fifth embodiment has the same configuration as the rotation sensor 2 described in the first embodiment, and therefore its description will be omitted.

[0060] In the fifth embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 15 , a vibration monitoring device 50 includes a restoration device 51 including a detection unit 54 and a vibration waveform restoration unit 56. The restoration device 51 is electrically connected to the rotation sensor 2 and is capable of acquiring a rotation signal A output from the rotation sensor 2. Such a restoration device 51 is a computer such as an electronic control device, and includes a processor such as a CPU or GPU (not shown), memories such as ROM and RAM, and an I / O interface. The restoration device 51 realizes each functional unit (the detection unit 54 and the vibration waveform restoration unit 56) provided in the restoration device 51 by the processor operating (calculating, etc.) in accordance with instructions of a program loaded into the memory. In some embodiments, the restoration device 51 is a cloud server provided in a cloud environment.

[0061] The detection unit 54 detects the timing at which a pulse of the rotation signal A is generated (hereinafter referred to as pulse generation timing t3). The detection unit 54 continuously receives the rotation signal A output from the rotation sensor 52. The pulse generation timing t3 is the timing at which the displacement of the waveform of the rotation signal A becomes large (the amount of change in the voltage value exceeds a predetermined amount).

[0062] As shown in FIG. 16(a), the vibration waveform restoration unit 56 continuously receives the rotation signal A output from the rotation sensor 52. Then, as shown in FIG. 16(b), when the detection unit 54 detects pulse generation timing t3, the vibration waveform restoration unit 56 acquires one waveform X1 of the rotation signal A immediately before the pulse generation timing t3. The vibration waveform restoration unit 56 then replaces a first half X11 of the one waveform X1 including the immediately preceding pulse of the rotation signal A with the opposite phase of a second half X12 of the one waveform X1, thereby restoring the vibration waveform of the rotating shaft 102. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 16(c), the vibration waveform restoration unit 56 deletes the first half X11 of the waveform X1. Then, as shown in FIG. 16(d), the vibration waveform restoration unit 56 connects a front end 58 of the second half X12 of the waveform X1 to a rear end 60 of an opposite phase waveform X13, which is in the opposite phase to the second half X12 of the waveform X1. The vibration waveform restoration unit 56 performs the above-described operations (a) to (d) in FIG. 16 every time the detection unit 54 detects the pulse generation timing t3.

[0063] (Actions and Effects of the Vibration Monitoring Device According to the Fifth Embodiment) According to the fifth embodiment, when the detection unit 54 detects a pulse of the rotation signal A, the vibration waveform of the rotating shaft 102 is restored by the vibration waveform restoration unit 56. Therefore, the vibration of the rotating shaft 102 can be evaluated in real time from the rotation signal A of the rotating shaft 102.

[0064] (Vibration monitoring method) 17 is a flowchart of a vibration monitoring method according to the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 17, the vibration monitoring method includes a rotation signal output step S2, a cut rotation signal generation step S4, an offset rotation signal generation step S6, and an extraction step S8.

[0065] In rotation signal output step S2, rotation signal A is output in synchronization with the rotation of the rotating shaft 102. In cut rotation signal generation step S4, when rotation signal A is output, a cut rotation signal B is generated in which the portion of rotation signal A that is equal to or greater than a preset limit value Vu is replaced with the limit value Vu, and the portion of rotation signal A that is less than the limit value Vu remains as rotation signal A. In offset rotation signal generation step S6, an offset rotation signal C is generated by offsetting cut rotation signal B so that it approaches the limit value Vu. In extraction step S8, a signal in a passband set based on the rotation speed D of the rotating shaft 102 is extracted from offset rotation signal C as a vibration signal F from which vibration information of the rotating shaft 102 can be obtained.

[0066] 17, the vibration monitoring method further includes an average value calculation step S10. In the average value calculation step S10, an average value G of the magnitude of the cut rotation signal B is calculated in real time while the rotating shaft 102 is rotating. Then, in the offset rotation signal generation step S6 described above, an offset rotation signal C is generated by offsetting the cut rotation signal B so that it approaches the limit value Vu by an amount obtained by subtracting the average value G from the limit value Vu.

[0067] 17, when rotation signal A is output, offset rotation signal C is generated, and vibration signal F is extracted in real time from this offset rotation signal C. This makes it possible to evaluate the vibration of rotating shaft 102 in real time from rotation signal A of rotating shaft 102. Furthermore, cut rotation signal B replaces the portion of rotation signal A that is equal to or greater than limit value Vu with limit value Vu. This makes it possible to suppress the influence of the pulse of rotation signal A in extraction step S8.

[0068] 17, the magnitude of the offset of the cut rotation signal B corresponds to the average value G of the cut rotation signal B calculated in real time while the rotating shaft 102 is rotating, making it possible to evaluate the vibration of the rotating shaft 102 in real time. Furthermore, compared to when the magnitude of the offset of the cut rotation signal B is a fixed value, it is possible to evaluate the vibration of the rotating shaft 102 more accurately.

[0069] The contents described in each of the above embodiments can be understood, for example, as follows.

[0070] [1] The vibration monitoring device (1) according to the present disclosure is a rotation sensor (2) that outputs a rotation signal (A) synchronized with the rotation of the rotating shaft (102); a cut rotation signal generating unit (4) that, when the rotation signal is output from the rotation sensor, generates a cut rotation signal (B) that replaces a portion of the rotation signal that is equal to or greater than a predetermined limit value (Vu) with the limit value and leaves a portion of the rotation signal that is less than the limit value as the rotation signal; an offset rotation signal generator (6) that generates an offset rotation signal (C) by offsetting the cut rotation signal so that it approaches the limit value; and a first filter (8) that extracts, from the offset rotation signal, a signal in a pass band that is set based on the rotation speed (C) of the rotating shaft as a vibration signal (F) from which vibration information of the rotating shaft can be obtained.

[0071] According to the configuration described in [1] above, when a rotation signal is output from the rotation sensor, an offset rotation signal is generated, and a vibration signal is extracted from this offset rotation signal. This makes it possible to evaluate the vibration of the rotating shaft in real time from the rotation signal of the rotating shaft. Furthermore, the cut rotation signal replaces the portion of the rotation signal that is above the limit value with the limit value. This makes it possible to suppress the influence of the pulse of the rotation signal on the extraction of the vibration signal by the first filter.

[0072] [2] In some embodiments, in the configuration described in [1] above, The apparatus further includes an average value calculation unit (10) that calculates an average value (G) of the magnitude of the cut rotation signal in real time while the rotary shaft is rotating, The offset rotation signal generating unit generates the offset rotation signal by offsetting the cut rotation signal so as to approach the limit value by an amount obtained by subtracting the average value from the limit value.

[0073] According to the configuration described in [2] above, the magnitude of the offset of the cut rotation signal corresponds to the average value of the cut rotation signal calculated in real time while the rotating shaft is rotating, so that the vibration of the rotating shaft can be evaluated in real time. Furthermore, compared to when the magnitude of the offset of the cut rotation signal is a fixed value, the vibration of the rotating shaft can be evaluated more accurately.

[0074] [3] In some embodiments, in the configuration described in [1] or [2] above, the limit value and the rotation signal are each a voltage value; The limit value is less than the maximum value of the rotation signal.

[0075] According to the configuration described in [3] above, it becomes easy to generate a cut rotation signal in which the portion of the rotation signal that is above the limit value is replaced with the limit value, thereby enhancing the effect of suppressing the influence of the pulse of the rotation signal.

[0076] [4] In some embodiments, in the configuration described in any one of [1] to [3] above, The apparatus further includes a second filter (12) that extracts signals greater than a preset cutoff frequency (P2) from the vibration signals extracted by the first filter.

[0077] The vibration signal having a frequency lower than the cutoff frequency may contain information other than vibration information of the rotating shaft. According to the configuration described in [4] above, the second filter extracts the vibration signal having a frequency higher than the cutoff frequency, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy of the vibration monitoring device.

[0078] [5] In some embodiments, in the configuration described in any one of [1] to [4] above, a memory unit (14) that stores the vibration signal at the first rotation speed of the rotating shaft; a vibration measuring unit (16) that subtracts the vibration signal at the first rotation speed stored in the storage unit from the vibration signal at a second rotation speed that is greater than the first rotation speed, The first rotation speed is 30 rpm or less.

[0079] When the rotating shaft rotates at 30 rpm or less, the vibration generated by this rotation is very small. Therefore, the vibration signal extracted when the rotating shaft rotates at 30 rpm or less can be considered to form a waveform that does not include vibration information of the rotating shaft (a waveform formed by the rotating shaft itself). According to the configuration described in [5] above, by subtracting the vibration signal at the first rotation speed from the vibration signal at the second rotation speed, it is possible to obtain a signal whose waveform is mainly formed by the vibration of the rotating shaft.

[0080] [6] In some embodiments, in the configuration described in any one of [1] to [5] above, an output device (7) that outputs a filter command value (E) corresponding to the rotation speed of the rotary shaft calculated from the rotation signal; The first filter sets the passband in accordance with the filter command value.

[0081] According to the configuration described in [6] above, by appropriately setting the passband of the first filter according to the rotation speed of the rotating shaft, it is possible to extract a signal in a passband suitable for evaluating the vibration of the rotating shaft from the rotation signal synchronized with the rotation of the rotating shaft.

[0082] [7] The vibration monitoring device (50) according to the present disclosure includes: a rotation sensor (52) that outputs a rotation signal synchronized with the rotation of the rotary shaft; a detection unit (54) that detects the timing (t3) at which the pulse of the rotation signal is generated; and a vibration waveform restoration unit (56) that restores one waveform (X1) of the rotation signal immediately before the timing detected by the detection unit as a vibration waveform of the rotating shaft by replacing a first half (X11) of the one waveform including the pulse of the immediately previous rotation signal with the opposite phase of a second half (X12) of the one waveform.

[0083] According to the configuration described in [7] above, when the detection unit detects a pulse of the rotation signal, the vibration waveform of the rotating shaft is restored by the vibration waveform restoration unit, which makes it possible to evaluate the vibration of the rotating shaft in real time from the rotation signal of the rotating shaft.

[0084] [8] In some embodiments, in the configuration described in any one of [1] to [7] above, A groove (118) is formed on the outer circumferential surface (116) of the rotating shaft, The rotation sensor outputs the distance (d) from the rotating shaft to the outer circumferential surface as the rotation signal.

[0085] According to the configuration described in [8] above, it is possible to evaluate in real time the vibration of a rotating shaft having one groove formed on its outer circumferential surface.

[0086] [9] In some embodiments, the turbocharger (100) includes: The vibration monitoring device according to any one of [1] to [8] above, a compressor (104) provided at one end of the rotary shaft; and a turbine (106) provided at the other end of the rotary shaft.

[0087] According to the configuration described in [9] above, it is possible to provide a supercharger that can evaluate the vibration of the rotating shaft of the supercharger in real time from the rotation signal of the rotating shaft of the supercharger.

[0088]

[10] The vibration monitoring method according to the present disclosure includes: a step (S2) of outputting a rotation signal synchronized with the rotation of the rotary shaft; When the rotation signal is output, a step (S4) of generating a cut rotation signal in which a portion of the rotation signal that is equal to or greater than a predetermined limit value is replaced with the limit value and a portion of the rotation signal that is less than the limit value remains as the rotation signal; a step (S6) of generating an offset rotation signal by offsetting the cut rotation signal so as to approach the limit value; and extracting (S8) a signal in a pass band set based on the rotation speed of the rotating shaft from the offset rotation signal as a vibration signal from which vibration information of the rotating shaft can be obtained.

[0089] According to the method described in

[10] above, when a rotation signal is output, an offset rotation signal is generated, and a vibration signal is extracted from this offset rotation signal. This allows the vibration of the rotating shaft to be evaluated in real time from the rotation signal of the rotating shaft. Furthermore, the cut rotation signal replaces the portion of the rotation signal that is above the limit value with the limit value. This allows the influence of the pulse of the rotation signal in the step of extracting the vibration signal to be suppressed.

[0090]

[11] In some embodiments, in the method according to

[10] above, The method further includes a step (S10) of calculating an average value of the magnitude of the cut rotation signal in real time during rotation of the rotary shaft, In the step of generating the offset rotation signal, the cut rotation signal is offset by an amount obtained by subtracting the average value from the limit value so as to approach the limit value.

[0091] According to the method described in

[11] above, the magnitude of the offset of the cut rotation signal corresponds to the average value of the cut rotation signal calculated in real time while the rotating shaft is rotating, so that the vibration of the rotating shaft can be evaluated in real time. Furthermore, compared to when the magnitude of the offset of the cut rotation signal is a fixed value, the vibration of the rotating shaft can be evaluated more accurately. [Explanation of symbols]

[0092] 1 Vibration monitoring device 2 rotation sensors 4 Cut rotation signal generator 6. Offset rotation signal generator 7 Output Devices 8 First Filter 10 Average value calculation section 12 Second filter 14 Storage section 16 Vibration measurement section 50 Vibration monitoring device 51 Restoration Device 52 Rotation Sensor 54 Detection unit 56 Vibration waveform restoration section 100 Supercharger 102 Rotation axis 104 Compressor 106 Turbine 116 Outer surface 118 Groove S2 Rotation signal output step S4 Cut rotation signal generation step S6: Offset rotation signal generation step S8 Extraction Step S10 Average calculation step A. Rotation signal B-cut rotation signal C Offset rotation signal D. Rotational Speed E Filter command value F Vibration signal G average value P1 First cutoff frequency P2 Second cutoff frequency Vu limit X1 waveform X11 First half of waveform X12 second half of waveform d distance t3 Pulse generation timing

Claims

1. a rotation sensor that outputs a rotation signal synchronized with the rotation of the rotary shaft; a cut rotation signal generating unit that, when the rotation signal is output from the rotation sensor, generates a cut rotation signal that replaces a portion of the rotation signal that is equal to or greater than a predetermined limit value related to the amplitude of the rotation signal with the limit value and leaves a portion of the rotation signal that is less than the limit value as the rotation signal; an offset rotation signal generation unit that generates an offset rotation signal by adding a predetermined positive offset amount to the cut rotation signal; a first filter that extracts, from the offset rotation signal, a signal in a passband that is set based on the rotation speed of the rotating shaft, to obtain a vibration signal from which vibration information of the rotating shaft can be obtained; Vibration monitoring equipment.

2. an average value calculation unit that calculates an average value of the magnitude of the cut rotation signal in real time while the rotary shaft is rotating; the offset rotation signal generation unit generates the offset rotation signal by adding the amount obtained by subtracting the average value from the limit value to the cut rotation signal as the predetermined positive offset amount. The vibration monitoring device according to claim 1 .

3. the limit value and the rotation signal are each a voltage value; the limit value is smaller than the maximum value of the rotation signal; The vibration monitoring device according to claim 1 or 2.

4. a second filter configured to extract signals having a frequency higher than a predetermined cutoff frequency from the vibration signals extracted by the first filter; The vibration monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. a storage unit that stores the vibration signal at a first rotation speed of the rotating shaft; a vibration measuring unit that subtracts the vibration signal at the first rotation speed stored in the storage unit from the vibration signal at a second rotation speed that is greater than the first rotation speed, the first rotation speed is 30 rpm or less; A vibration monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. an output device that outputs a filter command value corresponding to the rotation speed of the rotary shaft calculated from the rotation signal; the first filter sets the passband in accordance with the filter command value; A vibration monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A groove is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft, The rotation sensor outputs a distance to the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft as the rotation signal. A vibration monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A vibration monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 7; a compressor provided at one end of the rotary shaft; a turbine provided at the other end of the rotary shaft, Supercharger.

9. outputting a rotation signal synchronized with the rotation of the rotary shaft; generating a cut rotation signal when the rotation signal is output, replacing a portion of the rotation signal that is equal to or greater than a predetermined limit value for the amplitude of the rotation signal with the limit value, and leaving a portion of the rotation signal that is less than the limit value as the rotation signal; generating an offset rotation signal by adding a predetermined positive offset amount to the cut rotation signal; and extracting, from the offset rotation signal, a signal in a passband that is set based on the rotation speed of the rotating shaft, thereby acquiring a vibration signal from which vibration information of the rotating shaft can be acquired. Vibration monitoring method.

10. further comprising a step of calculating an average value of the magnitude of the cut rotation signal in real time during rotation of the rotary shaft; In the step of generating the offset rotation signal, the offset rotation signal is generated by adding the amount obtained by subtracting the average value from the limit value to the cut rotation signal as the predetermined positive offset amount. The vibration monitoring method according to claim 9.

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