Distributed Unit

Abstract

The present invention relates to a dispersion unit (1) for dispersing a feed material in a dispersion agent, the dispersion unit (1) comprising a stationary dispersion basket (2) having an outlet opening (3) in its side, one end of which is preferably at least partially closed, into which a shaft stub of a drive shaft (4) projects, which holds in the dispersion basket (2) a dispersion disk (5), which rotates during operation to draw the feed material-containing dispersion agent into the area between the dispersion disk and the closed end of the dispersion basket (2) and to transport a large part of the feed material-containing dispersion agent outwards again from said area via the lateral outlet opening (3) in the dispersion basket (2).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The invention relates to a dispersion unit for dispersing a feed material according to the preamble of claim 1, a dispersion unit according to the preamble of claim 3 and a dispersion device according to the preamble of claim 13. [Background technology]

[0002] Dispersing devices are used to create dispersions, ie, heterogeneous mixtures of at least two materials that are not soluble or completely soluble in each other.

[0003] In this case, the dispersing unit functions to move the materials so that the first material is dispersed as uniformly as possible in the second material and to break up agglomerates of the material to be dispersed. The material to be dispersed in the other material is hereinafter referred to as the feed material. The material into which the feed material is dispersed is hereinafter referred to as the dispersant.

[0004] The feed material as well as the dispersant can generally adopt all three aggregation states. Only if both are gases is it not a dispersion. The dispersions most frequently used in industrial applications are emulsions (liquid / liquid) and suspensions (solid / liquid).

[0005] In the case of suspensions, the solid feed material is typically fine and powdery, in most cases with particle sizes less than 1 mm, and even less than 1 / 10 mm.

[0006] Finally, when preparing a dispersion from a liquid dispersant and a substantially solid feed material, the dispersant is loaded into a vessel along with the feed material, where the feed material and dispersant are moved to uniformly disperse the feed material throughout the dispersant.

[0007] Conventional dispersing units typically consist of a disk driven by a drive shaft, which has tooth-like flow elements on its periphery and rotates freely within the mass to be dispersed without a basket. The flow elements often protrude perpendicularly or nearly perpendicularly from the rest of the disk, creating turbulence in the fluid located in the area of ​​the rotating disk. Rotation of the disk within a vessel filled with dispersant and feed material moves the entire contents of the vessel, thereby dispersing the feed material in the dispersant. However, the degree of mixing decreases with increasing distance from the rotating disk. Agglomerates of feed material particles, particularly those located at the edge of the vessel, are not separated or are only partially separated. Therefore, a relatively long mixing time is required to achieve the finest possible distribution of the feed material in the dispersant. Furthermore, in this type of conventional dispersing unit without a basket, the mass to be dispersed must have a certain viscosity that is not too low so that the rotation of the disk can apply the shear force necessary for continuous dispersion to the mass to be dispersed.

[0008] However, even if the mass to be dispersed has a high viscosity, the shear force of a dispersion unit operating only with a rotating disc without a basket is no longer sufficient to break up granular, coarse or fragmented feed products instead of powdered feed products.

[0009] Dispersion units in which a rotor rotates within a cage-like basket are also known. In this case, the rotor is typically designed to transport a dispersant outside the basket into the basket together with the feed material. The dispersant transported into the basket together with the feed material is then forced through the basket openings along with the feed material, where the feed material particles are broken down at the cage openings. In this type of dispersion unit, it is generally considered important to create a narrow sealing gap between the rotor and the basket, less than 2 mm, often in the range of 0.5 to 1 mm. This is to minimize the flow-through in this area. Furthermore, rotors are often installed that largely or completely cover the perforated surface of the cage. This type of dispersion unit has the advantage of creating a relatively strong flow toward the basket, thereby sucking in and breaking down feed material agglomerates that may initially be located at the edges of the container. However, agglomerates can only be separated to a certain extent depending on the size of the cage openings. Smaller openings generally result in finer separation, but at the same time, they also create greater flow resistance and therefore less effective suction. Furthermore, if the cage openings are too small, feed material particles may accumulate, eventually clogging the cage. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0010] In view of the above, the object of the present invention is to provide a dispersion unit that can achieve a high suction effect and at the same time achieve a high degree of separation of agglomerates of the feed material. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] According to the invention, this problem is solved by the features of the main claim relating to the distribution unit.

[0012] The above-mentioned problems are therefore solved by a dispersion unit for dispersing a feed material in a dispersant. The dispersion unit includes a dispersion basket that remains stationary even during operation and has an outlet opening in the jacket surface. In some applications, the upper front side of the dispersion basket has an opening or slit, and the upper front side of the dispersion basket may be completely open in some cases. However, it is preferred that the front side of the dispersion basket is mostly, substantially, or completely closed. A shaft stub of the drive shaft projects into the dispersion basket. In this case, the shaft stub supports a dispersion disk within the dispersion basket. The dispersion disk rotates during operation and draws the feed material-containing dispersion into the region between the dispersion disk and the closed front side of the dispersion basket. The dispersion disk then transports most of the drawn-in dispersion outward from this region via the outlet opening in the jacket surface of the dispersion basket.

[0013] The distribution unit is preferably characterized in that the end face of the distribution basket facing away from the drive shaft is completely open, or else at least substantially or mostly open.

[0014] The dispersion unit is further characterized in that the radial distance between the maximum outer periphery of the dispersion disc, or preferably its rim ring, and the inner periphery of the dispersion basket is large enough to form a gap through which a non-negligible amount of the dispersant delivered into the dispersion basket, at least 15%, preferably at least 25%, can flow out of the dispersion basket again. In this case, the dispersion disc is configured so that the medium delivered into the dispersion basket can flow substantially through the dispersion disc or its central region. Therefore, the dispersant flowing into the dispersion basket and the dispersant flowing out of the dispersion basket through the dispersion disc on the axial outer periphery of the dispersion disc do not interfere with each other. The axial flow toward the dispersion disc has the advantage of entraining feed material particles that may accumulate on the dispersion basket. This prevents clogging of the cage outlet opening. Accumulated particles can also be entrained by this flow.

[0015] Furthermore, an annular flow occurs in the gap between the dispersion disc and the inner jacket surface of the dispersion basket in the circumferential direction of the dispersion disc. Due to this annular flow, a portion of the feed material that has reached the gap together with the dispersant is accelerated toward the inner jacket surface of the dispersion basket due to centrifugal force. The feed material agglomerates then collide with the inner jacket surface of the dispersion basket or the rim surface of the openings in the jacket surface of the dispersion basket, whereby they are separated or substantially pulverized.

[0016] Despite this, the dispersion disc preferably does not cover or pass through, or at least only slightly covers or passes through, the perforated surface of the dispersion basket.

[0017] Due to the flow ratio according to the invention, the number of impacts with a crushing effect increases not only against the rim and openings in the jacket surface of the dispersion basket, but also against the teeth or other impact elements of the dispersion disc.

[0018] The dispersing unit according to the invention therefore allows good dispersing results to be obtained even in the case of coarser, and therefore granular or fragmented, feed products, i.e. even when the viscosity of the mass to be dispersed is relatively low.

[0019] The term "feed-containing" refers to a state in which the feed is already contained in the dispersant, but the feed has not yet been dispersed or ground.

[0020] The term "feed material agglomerate" does not necessarily refer to only solid material, but may also refer to an accumulation of liquid material or an accumulation of primarily liquid material.

[0021] There are many options for designing the present invention to further enhance its effectiveness or usability.

[0022] Particularly preferably, the dispersion unit comprises a dip tube in which the drive shaft is rotatable, the dip tube then supporting the dispersion basket.

[0023] The dip tube is stationary and prevents the rotating drive shaft from entraining the dispersant to the outside of the cage, where it would not be efficiently agitated, radially centrifuged or atomized, thereby increasing the efficiency of the dispersion unit.

[0024] In a further preferred embodiment, the wheel body has spokes and preferably a rim ring. Ideally, the wheel body has four spokes, preferably only three to reduce the risk of cavitation in the spoke area. The spokes have teeth attached to their radially outer ends.

[0025] In this case, the wheel body constituting the dispersion disk is embodied as a hub and, in the mounted state, is fixed to a drive shaft that projects into the dispersion basket. If the wheel body has a rim ring, the teeth are attached to the radially outer peripheral area of ​​the rim ring. The spokes allow the feedstock-containing dispersion to pass through the dispersion disk and into the dispersion basket in the axial center area of ​​the dispersion disk.

[0026] The teeth further break down the feed material agglomerates. Breakdown occurs, on the one hand, when the agglomerates collide with the teeth, which rotate together with the dispersion disk. The teeth also create a turbulent flow of the feed material-containing dispersant located near the gap between the dispersion disk and the dispersion basket. This causes the feed material agglomerates to separate not only against each other but also against the inner jacket surface of the dispersion basket or the frame of its opening. To create a corresponding flow, at least some areas of the teeth ideally extend parallel or nearly parallel to the longitudinal axis of the dispersion disk. In this case, the teeth preferably protrude from the dispersion disk alternately and in opposite directions. It is also conceivable that the teeth have different shapes or different sizes.

[0027] The wheel body ideally comprises a plate-like wheel disc having notches that allow the passage of the feed containing dispersant.

[0028] The notches are particularly advantageously designed so that the rotational movement of the dispersion disc conveys the feed containing dispersant to the desired area.

[0029] In a further preferred embodiment, the spokes or notches are arranged in a blade-like fashion and are oriented at an angle of 27° to 33° relative to a normal to the longitudinal axis of the drive shaft, such that the dispersant is substantially, or at least predominantly, forced into the dispersion basket towards the longitudinal axis of the drive shaft.

[0030] When suitable corresponding dimensions of the flow passages are achieved, the blade-like designed spokes pump more dispersant together with the feed material contained therein into the area between the closed front side of the distribution basket and the distribution disc than can be released outward through the outlet openings of the jacket in the distribution basket.

[0031] As a result, most of the dispersant is forced through the gap between the outer periphery of the dispersion disc and the inner periphery of the dispersion basket, rather than being forced out of the dispersion basket through the windows in the jacket surface of the dispersion basket.

[0032] In principle, it is preferred that all of the aspirated material pass through the window in the basket, if possible.

[0033] This allows the feed material agglomerates to be further transported by the area of ​​action of the teeth on the dispersion disc, where comminution occurs either by the teeth themselves or by the solid material coming into contact with the teeth or impacting against the rim of the outlet opening through the indirect action of the teeth.

[0034] The ratio between the maximum outer diameter GAD of the dispersion disc, which preferably terminates in the rim ring in the outer peripheral region, and the maximum outer diameter GAS representing the rotating exposed ends of the spokes preferably satisfies the relationship GAD / GAS=1.48 to 1.55.

[0035] Such a ratio ensures a good conveying capacity for the dispersion disk, based on the dispersant conveyed by the dispersion disk into the dispersion basket. In a further preferred embodiment, the continuous internal width height HA of the outlet openings, or at least such outlet openings surrounding the dispersion disk as a row of several outlet openings extending in the circumferential direction, is not negligibly greater than the height h of the dispersion disk. Ideally, the height HA is at least 2.2 times greater than the height h of the dispersion disk. Preferably, the height HA is at least 4 times greater than the height h, and optimally at least 6 times greater.

[0036] In a further preferred embodiment, the radial distance between the maximum outer periphery of the dispersion disc and the inner periphery of the dispersion basket is so large that a gap is formed, through which larger particles or agglomerates also enter the dispersion basket.

[0037] Generally, the parameters of the dispersion basket and dispersion wheel are selected such that the flow through the dispersion basket is such that, if possible, the dispersant and the feed material contained therein enter the dispersion basket via at least one free end face and exit again from the dispersion basket essentially via the perforated circumferential jacket surface of the dispersion basket, instead of via the front surface.

[0038] In this case, the radial distance between the outer periphery of the dispersion wheel and the inner jacket surface of the dispersion basket is preferably at least 10 mm, more preferably at least 20 mm, and ideally at most 35 mm or 30 mm.

[0039] In a further conceivable embodiment, the closed front side of the dispersion basket is closed by a conical or parabolic reflector.

[0040] The upper border can be a flat disk with or without holes, or the basket can be open.

[0041] The reflector deflects the volume flow conveyed axially by the dispersion disk into the space between the dispersion disk and the dispersion basket closed by the reflector, preferably towards its center, which results in particularly intense turbulence and therefore a finer distribution of the feed material in the dispersion medium.

[0042] In a further preferred embodiment, the teeth are supported by a rim ring, with which they form a toothed ring, which is preferably exchangeably, often non-destructively, connected to the spokes of the dispersion disc.

[0043] Therefore, depending on the application, toothed rings with different tooth shapes or different materials can be fitted to the distribution disc, and furthermore, if there are signs of wear, the toothed ring can be replaced without replacing the entire distribution disc.

[0044] The dispersing device preferably comprises a dispersing vessel, which in the simplest case is a suitably adjusted bucket, holding the dispersant and the feed material. During operation, the dispersing basket is completely immersed in the dispersing vessel. The dispersing device is characterized in that the outer diameter of the dispersing basket is exactly, substantially, or at least about 0.5 to 0.6 times the inner diameter of the dispersing vessel.

[0045] If the dispersion vessel is non-circular, the outer diameter of the dispersion basket refers to its central outer diameter, and the inner diameter of the dispersion vessel refers to its central outer diameter.

[0046] Protection is also claimed for a dispersion unit for dispersing a feed material in a dispersion medium, comprising a dip tube within which a motor-driven drive shaft can rotate. The dip tube supports a stationary dispersion basket, even during operation. The jacket surface of the dispersion basket has an outlet opening. The front side of the dispersion basket facing the dip tube is largely, substantially, or completely closed. Furthermore, a shaft stub of the drive shaft extends into the dispersion basket. The shaft stub supports a dispersion disk. The dispersion unit is characterized in that the dispersion basket is completely or at least substantially open at its end face facing away from the dip tube. The height H, measuring the extension of the dispersion basket along the longitudinal axis L of the drive shaft, is significantly greater than the maximum height h of the dispersion disk, i.e., at least 2.5 times, or preferably at least 4-6 times greater. The dispersion disk is composed of a wheel body with teeth on its outer periphery.

[0047] The dip tube prevents the rotating drive shaft from entraining the dispersant outside the cage, where it would not be effectively agitated, radially centrifuged, or atomized. This ensures that radial acceleration of the feed-containing dispersant occurs only, or at least predominantly, in the tooth region of the dispersion disk. This results in a greater velocity difference between the dispersant and the entrained feed agglomerates, resulting in a higher impact effect or better separation of the agglomerates.

[0048] Furthermore, protection is claimed for a distribution system comprising a distribution unit according to claim 11. The distribution system is characterized in that it comprises at least one alternatively mountable second toothed ring, the teeth of which have a different tooth shape than the teeth of the first toothed ring.

[0049] Furthermore, protection is claimed for a dispersion device comprising a dispersion unit according to one of the previously established claims, characterized in that it comprises a high-speed drive which allows the dispersion disc to rotate in its outer circumferential area at speeds of more than 18 m / s, ideally up to 20 m / s, and in some cases, optimally only to a limited extent, up to 25 m / s. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0050] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the overall structure of a distribution unit according to the first exemplary embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the overall structure of a distribution unit according to the first exemplary embodiment. [Figure 3] 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the mode of operation of a dispersion disk combined with a dispersion basket according to a first exemplary embodiment, which is representative of all exemplary embodiments. FIG. [Figure 4] 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the mode of operation of a dispersion disk combined with a dispersion basket according to a first exemplary embodiment, which is representative of all exemplary embodiments. FIG. [Figure 5]FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of a dispersion basket and a dip tube according to a first exemplary embodiment, which is representative of all exemplary embodiments. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of a dispersion basket and a dip tube according to a first exemplary embodiment, which is representative of all exemplary embodiments. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of a dispersion basket and a dip tube according to a first exemplary embodiment, which is representative of all exemplary embodiments. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of a dispersion basket and a dip tube according to a first exemplary embodiment, which is representative of all exemplary embodiments. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of a dispersion basket and a dip tube according to a first exemplary embodiment, which is representative of all exemplary embodiments. [Figure 10] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of a distributed disk according to a first exemplary embodiment that represents all exemplary embodiments. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of a distributed disk according to a first exemplary embodiment that represents all exemplary embodiments. [Figure 12] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of a distributed disk according to a first exemplary embodiment that represents all exemplary embodiments. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is an illustration of a second exemplary embodiment featuring an adjustable position dispersion basket and its optional outer centrifugal disk. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is an illustration of a second exemplary embodiment featuring an adjustable position dispersion basket and its optional outer centrifugal disk. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is an illustration showing a third exemplary embodiment characterized by an additional centrifugal disk inside the basket. [Figure 16] FIG. 10 is an illustration of a fourth exemplary embodiment characterized by a perforated front cover of the dispersion basket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0051] First Exemplary Embodiment The mode of operation of the distribution unit according to the invention is explained by means of a first exemplary embodiment based on FIGS.

[0052] The basic structure of the distribution unit 1 can be explained by means of Figures 1 and 2, where, for the sake of clarity, not all elements are labeled with reference numbers.

[0053] In operation, the dispersing unit 1 is located in a container containing the material to be dispersed, and the dispersing basket 2 located therein is completely immersed in the dispersing agent together with the dispersing disc 5. Taken as a whole, an ensemble is thus obtained that can be referred to as a dispersing unit, which will be briefly described again at the end of this description.

[0054] The optional dip tube 6 connected to the dispersion basket 2 is fixed to the housing part 33 with a flange 26, which generally does not come into contact with the dispersion agent during operation. The dip tube generally forms a torque support for the dispersion basket and prevents the basket from rotating relative to the housing part 33, even under the load of the rotating liquid ejection. A drive shaft 4 (not shown but indicated by a dashed line) extends inside the dip tube 6. At the end of the dip tube 6 facing the dispersion basket 2, this drive shaft protrudes from the dip tube and extends into the dispersion body 2. A dispersion disk 5 is attached to the part of the drive shaft 4 that protrudes into the dispersion basket 2. In this case, the height H of the dispersion basket 2 (see FIG. 8) is significantly greater than the maximum height h of the dispersion disk 5 (see FIG. 11). This ensures that the dispersion disk 5 is completely positioned within the dispersion basket 2 in the installed state.

[0055] During operation, the rotational movement of the drive shaft 4 is transmitted to the dispersion disc 5. In this case, the feed-containing dispersion (dispersion containing the feed material) located in the end face region of the dispersion basket 2 facing away from the dip tube 6 passes through the dispersion disc 5 via the spokes 9 and is transported to the region between the dispersion disc 5 and the closed front side of the dispersion basket 2 facing the dip tube 6. To achieve this corresponding transport effect, the spokes 9 are blade-shaped. A large portion of the feed-containing dispersion transported into the dispersion basket 2 leaves the dispersion basket 2 through the outlet openings 3, whose inner width height HA (see FIG. 8) is significantly greater than the maximum height h of the dispersion disc 5. In this case, some of the feed agglomerates contained in the dispersion collide with the webs between the outlet openings 3 in the dispersion basket 2. This collision causes the agglomerates to separate.

[0056] To increase the degree of separation, the inner width of the outlet opening 3 can be varied. For this purpose, a basket wall reinforcement 12 is provided on the cylindrical jacket surface of the dispersion basket 2, on which the outlet opening 3 is provided. The basket wall reinforcement 12 is also provided with the outlet opening 3 and its shape corresponds to the outlet opening of the dispersion basket 2. To vary the inner width of the outlet opening 3, the basket wall reinforcement 12 can be rotated around the longitudinal axis L of the drive shaft 4. When the basket wall reinforcement 12 is in the desired position, a retaining disk 13, which is non-rotatably connected to the basket wall reinforcement 12, is fixed against further rotation by a clamping screw 15. The maximum rotation angle of the basket wall reinforcement 12 around the longitudinal axis L of the drive shaft 4 is determined by the length of the curved slot 14.

[0057] The mode of operation of the dispersion disc 5 in combination with the dispersion basket 2 can be explained by means of FIGS.

[0058] As mentioned above, most of the dispersant conveyed into the dispersion basket 2 by the dispersion disc 5 leaves the dispersion basket 2 through the outlet opening 3. However, there is a gap between the maximum outer periphery GAD of the dispersion disc 5 and the inner periphery of the dispersion basket 2, and a non-negligible amount of feed-containing dispersant leaves the dispersion basket 2 through this gap. This gap can be clearly seen in Figures 4 and 5.

[0059] The shapes of the dispersion disc 5 and the dispersion basket 2 are adapted to one another so that the dispersion disc 5 conveys more of the feedstock-containing dispersion into the area between the dispersion disc 5 and the closed front side of the dispersion basket 2 facing the dip tube 6 than can exit the dispersion basket 2 through the outlet opening 3. As a result, the amount of feedstock-containing dispersion that does not exit the dispersion basket 2 through the outlet opening 3 is forced into the gap area between the dispersion disc 5 and the inner jacket surface of the dispersion basket 2.

[0060] In this case, a flow occurs in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the drive shaft 4, and the feed material or feed material agglomerates are gradually transported into the area of ​​action of the teeth 8 of the dispersion disc 5. This effect is further enhanced by the above-mentioned variability in the inner width of the outlet openings 3 of the dispersion basket 2. The teeth 8, which rotate together with the dispersion disc 5, either collide with the feed material agglomerates or create turbulence that transports the agglomerates in the direction of the frame or web between the outlet openings 3. In either case, agglomerate comminution occurs.

[0061] The dispersion disc is fixed to the drive shaft 4 by means of a fixing screw 16 in combination with a retaining disc 17. Protection against rotation of the dispersion disc 5 on the drive shaft 4 is provided by a feather key connection.

[0062] To prevent dispersant from reaching the inside of the dip tube 6, the dip tube 6 is optionally sealed by a radial shaft sealing ring 18 or a gap seal. Further sealing options are described below as part of the variants. The radial shaft sealing rings 18 are mounted via positioning rings 19. These positioning rings 19 are fixed to the dispersion basket 2 by fixing screws 20. The running surface 22 for the sealing lip of the radial shaft sealing ring 18 is provided by a sleeve 21. The sleeve 21 is pressed onto the drive shaft 4 and fixed by screws that are screwed into threaded holes 24. To seal the gap between the sleeve 21 and the drive shaft 4, the sleeve 21 is provided with two grooves 23, into each of which an O-ring can be inserted.

[0063] Figures 5 to 9 show the construction of the distribution basket 2 (without the basket wall reinforcement 12 attached) and its connection to the dip tube 6. In Figure 5, the outlet opening 3 and the holes 25 are labeled with reference numbers only by way of example.

[0064] The dip tube 6 is connected to the distribution basket 2 and to a flange 26 via a circumferential welded seam. The flange 26 is provided with three through-holes 28 for fastening the flange 26 to the housing part 33 of the distribution device. The closed front side of the distribution basket 2 facing the dip tube 6 is welded to the rest of the distribution basket 2. However, it is also conceivable that the rest is glued or releasably connected (e.g. via a threaded connection) or that the distribution basket is manufactured in one piece. Furthermore, the closed front side of the distribution basket 2 facing the dip tube 6 is provided with four threaded holes 27 for the clamping screws 15 and six through-holes 25 for the fixing screws 20.

[0065] The structure of the dispersion disk 5 is clearly shown in Figures 10 to 12. The dispersion disk 5 comprises a wheel body 7, an adjacent rim ring 10 thereon, and a toothed ring 11 attached to the rim ring 10 and provided with teeth 8. In this case, it is also conceivable that the toothed ring 11 is formed from the rim ring 10, to which the teeth 8 are directly fixed. The wheel body 7 of the dispersion disk 5 is formed from a hub 32 and spokes 9. The dispersion disk 5 has a central hub 32, which is arranged on the drive shaft 4 with its bore 30. To transmit the rotational movement of the drive shaft 4 to the dispersion disk 5, the hub 32 is provided with a keyway 29, which engages with a corresponding key in the mounted state. Starting from the central hub 32 of the dispersion disk 5, three spokes 9 extend radially outward. These spokes are designed like blades, so that the dispersion material located below the dispersion disk 5 is transported to the upper region of the dispersion disk 5. The toothed ring 11 of the dispersion disc 5 is connected to the rim ring 10 via a retaining screw 31 .

[0066] <Second Exemplary Embodiment> 13 to 16 show a second exemplary embodiment modified in certain technical aspects.

[0067] However, the description above regarding the first exemplary embodiment applies equally to the second exemplary embodiment unless otherwise specified in the following description.

[0068] This exemplary embodiment is characterized by the ability to vary the immersion depth of the distribution basket 2 as measured from a particular container edge.

[0069] For this purpose, a fixedly fixable flange collar 34 is provided, which supports a multi-sided cantilever, in the illustrated embodiment a triangular cantilever. Fixed to the cantilever or triangular cantilever are retaining rods 36, the other ends of which are each fixed to the dispersion basket 2.

[0070] The retaining rods 36 are typically configured to be removable or telescopic. In the exemplary embodiment shown, each retaining rod is configured with a first section 36a and a second section 36b. Advantageously, each retaining rod or each section 36a, 36b has a bolt thread at its first end and a nut thread at its second end. This allows for easy connection to a retaining rod 36 of the desired length. If it is desired to immerse the dispersion basket 2 more shallowly, the second section 36b is omitted or unscrewed, and the dispersion basket 2 is fixed directly to the end of the first section 36a.

[0071] At the same time, the drive shaft 4 can also be configured to change its length, for example, to be extendable. Therefore, the drive shaft can be shortened to a corresponding length by being pushed forward. A clamping mechanism 37 for fixing the drive shaft, which can be extended or shortened to a corresponding length, is shown schematically in Figures 13 to 17.

[0072] Even when the holding rod 36 is used in a long configuration with a predetermined length, for example with a first section 36a and a second section 36b, it is particularly advantageous that it can be telescopically set, since in this case the dispersion disc 5 can be set to a desired height within the dispersion basket 2, for example depending on the size and handling of the largest particles or aggregates envisaged in the particular case.

[0073] These figures clearly show further options: the drive shaft 4 can have a centrifugal disk 38, which is arranged on the drive shaft directly above and outside the dispersion basket 2. This centrifugal disk 38 ensures that no "dead water" forms above the dispersion basket 2, which would otherwise not flow or flow only weakly due to a closed or mostly closed front side of the dispersion basket 2. Such dead water has the undesirable consequence that the solid material to be dispersed accumulates above the dispersion basket and is therefore not dispersed.

[0074] Third Exemplary Embodiment >

[0075] example The above description not only with respect to the first exemplary embodiment but also, optionally, with respect to the second exemplary embodiment, applies equally to this exemplary embodiment, unless otherwise stated in the following description.

[0076] This exemplary embodiment is typically implemented in a distributed Ku's Above, the inner further centrifugal disc nine, That is, it is configured independently of the first centrifugal disk and is also configured as a dispersion basket. Inside The centrifugal disc is provided with a further or second centrifugal disc arranged in the distribution basket. Inside This contributes to further increasing the twist of the dispersed product in the dispersion basket, thereby strengthening the collision between the particles or agglomerates and the jacket of the dispersion basket mentioned above, and enhancing the dispersion effect.

[0077] Inner centrifugal disc Ku is At the same time, the drive shaft To It may also be used to seal the top front opening of the passing dispersion basket or to protect it from surge spills.

[0078] Fourth Exemplary Embodiment >

[0079] example The above description not only with respect to the first exemplary embodiment, but also, optionally, with respect to the second exemplary embodiment and / or the third exemplary embodiment, also applies to this exemplary embodiment, unless otherwise specified in the following description.

[0080] This exemplary embodiment is characterized in that the front cover of the distribution basket, with which the drive shaft engages, also has a number of openings in addition to the opening through which the drive shaft passes. The openings provided in this case do not necessarily contribute directly to the breaking up of particles or agglomerates; their main effect is indirect. They ensure that the dispersed product is also sucked in from the upper region of the distribution basket, which tends to form "dead water", and is transported into the distribution basket, so that breaking up can no longer be avoided. The openings preferably each have a circular cross-sectional shape. Ideally, they are arranged in one or more circular paths, mainly through the drive shaft. To The other two are arranged concentrically and sequentially in the circumferential direction.

[0081] <Other> For the sake of completeness, it is also important to mention that protection may be claimed in the above sense for a dispersion system (comprising a container holding the medium to be dispersed) that, where appropriate, comprises a dispersion unit according to the invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0082] 1 distributed unit 2. Distributed Basket 3 Exit opening 4 (Suggested) Drive Shaft 5 Distributed Disks 6 dip tube 7 Wheel body 8 teeth 9 spokes 10 Rim Ring 11 Toothed ring 12 Basket wall reinforcement 13 Retaining disc for basket wall reinforcement 14 Curved slot 15 Clamp screw 16 Fixing screw 17 Retaining disc 18 Radial shaft seal ring 19 Locating ring 20 Fixing screw 21 Sleeve 22 Running surface for radial shaft seal ring 23 O-ring groove 24 screw holes 25 holes 26 Immersion pipe flange 27 holes 28 holes 29 Feather keyway 30 Drive shaft hole 31 Retaining screw 32 Wheel body hub 33 Housing part of dispersion device 34 flange collar 35 Triangular cantilever 36 Retaining rod 36a First section of retaining rod 36b (essentially shorter) second section of retaining rod 37 Clamping mechanism 38 Centrifugal Disc 39 Inner or inner basket centrifugal disc H Height of dispersion basket h Height of the dispersion disk L Longitudinal axis of drive shaft GAD Dispersion disc maximum outer diameter GAS spoke maximum outer diameter HA Inner width and height of outlet opening

Claims

1. A dispersing unit (1) for dispersing a feed material in a dispersing agent, comprising: The dispersion unit (1) comprises a stationary cylindrical dispersion basket (2), The dispersion basket (2) has an outlet opening (3) on its circumferential surface, one bottom surface of the dispersion basket (2) is at least partially closed, and a part of the drive shaft (4) protrudes into the one bottom surface of the dispersion basket (2); a part of the drive shaft (4) supporting a dispersion disc (5) in the dispersion basket (2), the dispersion disc (5) rotating during operation to suck the feedstock-containing dispersion into the area between the dispersion disc and the one closed bottom surface of the dispersion basket (2) and to transport part of the feedstock-containing dispersion outwards again from said area through the outlet openings (3) in the circumferential surface of the dispersion basket (2), The dispersion basket (2) is open at the other bottom surface, a gap is formed between the outer periphery of the dispersion disc (5) and the inner periphery of the dispersion basket (2), and the dispersant transported into the dispersion basket (2) can flow out of the dispersion basket (2) again through the gap; The dispersion basket (2) has a basket wall reinforcement (12) on the peripheral surface thereof, the basket wall reinforcement having an outlet opening formed therein, The shape of the outlet opening of the basket reinforcement (12) is consistent with the outlet opening (3) of the dispersion basket (2); The basket wall reinforcement (12) can be rotated about the longitudinal axis (L) of the drive shaft (4). Distributed units.

2. 2. A dispersion unit (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the dispersion unit (1) comprises an immersion tube (6) in which the drive shaft (4) is rotatable, the immersion tube (6) supporting the dispersion basket (2).

3. A dispersing unit (1) for dispersing a feed material in a dispersing agent, comprising: the dispersion unit (1) comprises a dip tube (6) in which a motor-driven drive shaft (4) can rotate, The dip tube (6) supports a stationary cylindrical dispersion basket (2), The dispersion basket (2) has an outlet opening (3) on its periphery, One bottom surface of the dispersion basket (2) facing the dip tube (6) is closed, and a part of the drive shaft (4) protrudes into the one bottom surface of the dispersion basket (2); A dispersion unit, wherein a portion of the drive shaft (4) supports a dispersion disc (5), The dispersion basket (2) is open at the other bottom surface, The height (H) is greater than the height (h) of the dispersion disc (5), the dispersion disc (5) is composed of a wheel body (7) carrying teeth (8) on its periphery, The dispersion basket (2) has a basket wall reinforcement (12) on the peripheral surface thereof, the basket wall reinforcement having an outlet opening formed therein, The shape of the outlet opening of the basket reinforcement (12) is consistent with the outlet opening (3) of the dispersion basket (2); The basket wall reinforcement (12) can be rotated about the longitudinal axis (L) of the drive shaft (4). Distributed units.

4. 4. A distribution unit (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the wheel body (7) has spokes (9) in the radially outer end region on which the teeth (8) are attached.

5. 5. A dispersion unit (1) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the wheel body (7) comprises a plate-like wheel disc through which the feed material containing dispersant can pass.

6. 5. A dispersion unit (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the spokes (9) pump the dispersant towards the longitudinal axis (L) of the drive shaft.

7. A dispersion unit (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the ratio between the maximum outer diameter (GAD) of the dispersion disc (5) and the maximum outer diameter (GAS) representing the rotating exposed end of the spokes (9) satisfies the relationship GAD / GAS = 1.48 to 1.

55.

8. A dispersion unit (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the continuous inner width height (HA) of the outlet opening (3) is greater than the height (h) of the dispersion disc (5).

9. 4. A dispersion unit (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that a gap is formed between the outer periphery of the dispersion disc (5) and the inner periphery of the dispersion basket (2), through which the dispersant conveyed into the dispersion basket (2) can flow out again from the dispersion basket (2).

10. A dispersion unit (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the teeth (8) are supported by a rim ring (10) and that the teeth (8) together with the rim ring (10) form a toothed ring (11) that is non-destructively and replaceably connected to the spokes (9) of the dispersion disk (5).

11. 11. A distribution system comprising a distribution unit (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the distribution system further comprises at least one alternatively mountable second toothed ring (11), the teeth (8) of which have a different tooth shape than the teeth of the first toothed ring (11).

12. A dispersing device comprising a dispersing unit (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises a high-speed drive which enables the dispersing disc (5) to rotate at a speed of more than 18 m / s in its outer peripheral area.

13. 13. A dispersing device according to claim 12 or comprising a dispersing unit (1) according to claim 1, the dispersing device comprising a dispersing vessel in which the dispersant and the feed material are held and in which the dispersing basket (2) is fully immersed during operation, A dispersion device characterized in that the outer diameter of the dispersion basket (2) is 0.5 to 0.6 times the inner diameter of the dispersion container.

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