Battery control device, battery control program

Abstract

To set a necessary and sufficient target storage battery output value according to a specific condition including power failure prediction, and control the remaining amount of a storage battery in the remaining power storage control of the storage battery by forecasting peak excess and surplus power.SOLUTION: When appropriate control is being performed in accordance with the transition prediction of the storage battery amount control, the storage battery remaining amount is at a certain position. Therefore, a third condition is satisfied when neither peak over-charging nor surplus charging is predicted, and the battery is charged up to the upper limit of the remaining battery charge. When neither peak over-charging nor surplus charging is predicted, charging to recover the remaining power is instructed. It is possible to ensure the amount of charge for a situation where electric power is required, such as a power failure, while executing the original control of responding to peak discharge and surplus charge. When the third condition is satisfied in a case in which a power outage is predicted, a more useful remaining amount of the storage battery can be obtained.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery control device and a battery control program that control power received from a storage battery when power is supplied to a load using a combination of grid power, power generated by renewable energy sources such as solar power, and power received from a storage battery. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, power systems have been applied that combine power received from a power grid, power generated by solar power generation (a typical example of renewable energy), and power discharged from a storage battery.

[0003] Patent Document 1 describes predicting received power from predictions of photovoltaic power generation and building power load.

[0004] Patent Document 1 describes that when a prediction of received power indicates that the available capacity of a storage battery is insufficient for the surplus power, and the required available capacity is greater than the load power until the surplus occurs, and it is predicted that the available capacity cannot be secured within the time until the surplus occurs, the reverse flow is leveled to minimize the peak of the reverse flow power.

[0005] Furthermore, Patent Document 1 describes that when peak power is predicted and the remaining amount of stored power is small compared to the total amount of peak power, and the amount of power that can be charged at or below the peak power within the time until the peak occurs is smaller than the required remaining amount of stored power, and it is predicted that the required remaining amount of stored power cannot be secured, the peak power will be leveled out to minimize it and exceed the set peak power.

[0006] With the method typified by Patent Document 1, if the prediction is incorrect, there is a concern that unnecessary reverse power flow or peak overload may occur. Furthermore, if neither reverse power flow nor peak overload is predicted, charging will not occur even if the remaining amount of stored electricity is low, so this is not an adequate measure against power outages.

[0007] For reference, Patent Document 2 describes that peak overruns and surplus power are predicted from load forecasts and power generation forecasts, and that the trend in the remaining amount of stored power is determined from the forecasts, and if the remaining amount is insufficient for discharge during peak overruns, charging is carried out in advance, and if there is insufficient available capacity for surplus charging, discharging is carried out in advance.However, when the forecast does not result in peak overruns or surplus power (when the purpose of Patent Document 2 is achieved), the situation becomes so-called ``unfolding'' within the predetermined allowable range of remaining amount of stored power, which is not sufficient as a response to power outages. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-284586 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-193480 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] The present invention aims to provide a battery control device and a battery control program that can control the remaining battery charge by setting a necessary and sufficient target battery output value according to specific conditions, including predicted power outages, in controlling the remaining battery charge based on predicted peak overloads and surplus power. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] The storage battery control device according to the present invention is a storage battery control device that includes a first power received from a grid, a second power generated by renewable energy, and a third power discharged from a storage battery as power supply sources consumed by load equipment, and controls the third power to maintain a first condition that the first power does not exceed an upper limit value of received power and a second condition that a reverse power flow of the second power to the grid is avoided, and that performs a time series transition prediction of load power consumed by the load equipment and a time series transition prediction of the amount of power generated of the second power for a certain future period. and a control unit that calculates a lower limit value and an upper limit value of the storage amount of the battery from the above, and determines a storage battery upper limit value for maintaining the first condition and a storage battery upper limit value for discharging for maintaining the second condition when power is consumed by the load equipment, and selects a target storage battery output value from at least three types of storage battery upper limit value when charging, the storage battery upper limit value when discharging, and a value at which neither charging nor discharging is performed, based on the relationship between the remaining amount of the storage battery and the storage amount lower limit value and the storage amount upper limit value, to control the remaining amount of the storage battery.

[0011] According to the present invention, the lower limit value and upper limit value of the battery's storage capacity are calculated from a predicted time series trend of the load power and the second power, and the battery charging upper limit value for maintaining the first condition and the battery discharging upper limit value for maintaining the second condition are determined, and the remaining capacity of the battery is controlled by selecting a target battery output value from at least three types based on the relationship with the remaining capacity of the battery: the battery charging upper limit value when charging, the battery discharging upper limit value when discharging, and neither charging nor discharging.

[0012] This allows for the establishment of a logic for estimating planned power consumption by predicting trends in sunshine hours and load fluctuations when combining power received from the grid, power generated by renewable energy sources, and power discharged from storage batteries, thereby ensuring peak cuts while avoiding the sale of power to the commercial power grid.

[0013] A battery control device according to a first aspect of the present invention is a battery control device that includes a first power received from a grid, a second power generated by renewable energy, and a third power discharged from a storage battery as power supply sources consumed by load equipment, and controls the third power to maintain a first condition that the first power does not exceed an upper limit value of received power and a second condition that a reverse power flow of the second power to the grid is avoided. The battery control device predicts a transition in the remaining capacity of the storage battery from prediction results of peak overload and surplus power based on load prediction and power generation prediction, and determines in advance for discharge during peak overload. The storage battery has a control unit that controls the remaining capacity of the storage battery by charging the storage battery in advance if the remaining capacity is insufficient and by setting a target battery output value for discharging the storage battery in advance if the remaining capacity of the storage battery is too high compared to the surplus charging, and a correction unit that determines that a third condition is met when there is a predetermined or greater difference between the remaining capacity of the storage battery when controlled by the control unit and a predicted remaining capacity of the storage battery that will be required in the future, while the control unit controls the remaining capacity of the storage battery to be within an appropriate range where charging and discharging are not necessary, and corrects the target battery output value when the third condition is met.

[0014] A second aspect of the present invention provides a storage battery control device that includes a first power received from a grid, a second power generated by renewable energy, and a third power discharged from a storage battery as power supply sources consumed by load equipment, and controls the third power to maintain a first condition that the first power does not exceed an upper limit value of received power and a second condition that a reverse power flow of the second power to the grid is avoided. The storage battery control device calculates a lower limit value and an upper limit value of the amount of stored power of the storage battery from a time series transition prediction of the load power consumed by the load equipment and a time series transition prediction of the amount of generated power of the second power for a certain future period, and calculates a storage battery charge upper limit value and a storage battery charge upper limit value for maintaining the first condition when power is consumed by the load equipment. and a control unit that selects a target battery output value from at least three types of values: the battery charging upper limit value when charging, the battery discharging upper limit value when discharging, and a value at which neither charging nor discharging is performed under the first condition and the second condition, based on the relationship between the remaining amount of the battery and the lower limit and upper limit of the amount of stored electricity, and controls the remaining amount of the battery; and a correction unit that determines that a third condition is met when there is a predetermined or greater difference between the remaining amount of the battery when controlled by the control unit and a predicted remaining amount of the battery that will be required in the future, while the control unit controls the remaining amount of the battery to be within an appropriate range where charging or discharging is not necessary, and corrects the target battery output value when the third condition is met.

[0015] A third aspect of the present invention provides a storage battery control device that includes a first power received from a grid, a second power generated by renewable energy, and a third power discharged from a storage battery as power supply sources consumed by load equipment, and that controls the third power to maintain a first condition that the first power does not exceed an upper limit value of received power and a second condition that a reverse power flow of the second power to the grid is avoided, and that controls the load power consumed by the load equipment for a certain period in the future. an integration unit that integrates the amount of power received of the first power in excess of an upper limit value as a positive number and the amount of power reverse flow of the second power to the grid as a negative number in a time series from a time series transition prediction of the amount of power generated of the second power; an extraction unit that extracts a maximum value of a positive number and a minimum value of a negative number in the time series integration of the amount of power; and a storage amount lower limit value of the storage battery based on the maximum value extracted by the extraction unit. a determination unit that determines a battery charge upper limit value for maintaining the first condition and a battery discharge upper limit value for maintaining the second condition when the first power, the second power, and the third power are consumed by the load equipment; a selection unit that selects a target battery output value from at least three types: the battery charge upper limit value when charging, the battery discharge upper limit value when discharging, and a value at which neither charging nor discharging is performed under the first condition and the second condition, based on a relationship between the remaining amount of the battery and the lower limit and upper limit of the amount of storage; and a correction unit that determines that a third condition is met when there is a difference of a predetermined amount or more between the remaining amount of the battery at the time selected by the selection unit and a remaining amount of the battery that will be required in the future, when the remaining amount of the battery is controlled by the selection unit to be within an appropriate range in which charging or discharging is not necessary, and corrects the target battery output value when the third condition is met.

[0016] According to the first, second, and third inventions, the correction unit determines that the third condition is met when the remaining battery capacity is controlled by the control unit to be within an appropriate range where charging and discharging are not necessary, and when there is a difference of a predetermined amount or more between the remaining battery capacity when controlled by the control unit and the remaining battery capacity that will be required in the future as predicted, and corrects the target battery output value when the third condition is met.

[0017] This correction by the correction unit makes it possible to maintain the remaining battery charge, which is controlled within an acceptable range by the control unit, at an appropriate level for the near future (for example, in the future when it is predicted that more battery power will be needed than usual due to a power outage, etc.).

[0018] Therefore, when controlling the remaining battery charge by predicting peak overloads and surplus power, the remaining battery charge can be controlled by setting a target battery output value that is necessary and sufficient depending on specific conditions, including predicted power outages.

[0019] In any one of the first, second, and third inventions, the correction unit is characterized in that it sets a predetermined upper or lower limit of the remaining capacity of the storage battery as a target for the storage battery output value to be corrected when the third condition is met.

[0020] It is possible to achieve both so-called demand prediction control of the storage battery and control of the remaining capacity of the storage battery under specific conditions such as a power outage without exceeding the allowable control range in the control unit.

[0021] In any of the first, second, and third inventions, the invention further includes an acquisition unit that acquires judgment information for determining whether or not a power outage has occurred based on weather condition information including at least one of wind speed information, lightning occurrence information, snowfall information, and flooding information at an observation point, and based on the correlation between past weather condition information and power outage information, and is characterized in that the correction unit determines that the third condition is met when the judgment information acquired by the acquisition unit indicates that a power outage has occurred, and sets a predetermined upper limit of the remaining capacity of the battery as the target for the storage battery output value to be corrected.

[0022] The acquisition unit acquires determination information that determines whether or not a power outage has occurred based on weather condition information including at least one of wind speed information, lightning occurrence information, snowfall information, and flooding information at the observation point, and based on the correlation between past weather condition information and power outage information.

[0023] In other words, by specializing the fulfillment of the third condition to power outage prediction, the remaining capacity of the storage battery can be secured in advance to the required amount (for example, the capacity required by a BCP (Business Continuity Plan)) in accordance with the power outage prediction.

[0024] In any of the first, second, and third inventions, the invention further includes an acquisition unit that acquires judgment information for determining whether or not a power outage has occurred based on weather condition information including at least one of wind speed information, lightning occurrence information, snowfall information, and flooding information at an observation point, and based on the correlation between past weather condition information and power outage information, and is characterized in that if the judgment information acquired by the acquisition unit indicates that a power outage has occurred, the battery output value is set to a predetermined upper limit of the remaining capacity of the battery as a top priority before the battery output value control based on the first condition, the second condition, and the third condition.

[0025] For example, in an emergency such as a power outage, it is possible to ensure that the battery has sufficient remaining power.

[0026] The storage battery control program of the present invention is a program for causing a computer to function as each part of the storage battery control device.

[0027] According to the present invention, by predicting a target power and controlling the discharge of the storage battery based on the difference between this target power and the current power, it is possible to maintain the first condition of preventing the first power from exceeding the upper limit of the received power, and the second condition of avoiding reverse flow of the second power to the grid. [Effects of the Invention]

[0028] As described above, the present invention has the effect of controlling the remaining battery charge by predicting peak overloads and surplus power, by setting a target battery output value that is necessary and sufficient depending on specific conditions including predicted power outages, thereby controlling the remaining battery charge. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0029] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram showing a customer facility where storage battery control according to an embodiment of the present invention is executed. [Figure 2] 1 is a control block diagram of a power supply control device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing a flow of a part of power supply control for executing storage battery control according to the present embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a functional block diagram showing another part of the flow of power supply control for executing storage battery control according to the present embodiment. [Figure 5] 4 is a control flowchart showing a required remaining charge amount calculation routine according to the present embodiment. [Figure 6] 4 is a control flowchart showing a storage battery output control routine according to the present embodiment. [Figure 7] 6 is a flowchart showing a battery output correction process control subroutine in step 178 of FIG. 5 according to the present embodiment. [Figure 8] 6 is a characteristic diagram showing the transition of the remaining amount of stored electricity under each of a first condition, a second condition, and a third condition. FIG. [Figure 9] 10A is a characteristic diagram of the level display of the remaining capacity of the storage battery 32, and FIG. 10B is a characteristic diagram of the measured value S of the remaining capacity of the storage battery vs. the planned power P. [Figure 10] 8 is a flowchart showing the flow of charge / discharge control in the battery control device based on the corrected battery output X' obtained by the processing of the flowchart in FIG. 7. [Figure 11] 8 is a flowchart showing the flow of charge / discharge control based on the corrected battery output X' obtained by the processing of the flowchart of FIG. 7 in a battery control device according to a first modification of the present embodiment. [Figure 12] 10 is a control flowchart showing a weather information acquisition interrupt routine according to a first modification of the present embodiment. [Figure 13] 10 is a timing chart showing an example of battery remaining capacity control under specific conditions such as a power outage when a time when power will be needed, such as a power outage, is predicted. [Figure 14] 10 is a timing chart illustrating the effect of restoring the remaining battery charge when the third condition is satisfied, in a case where a power outage occurs specifically, according to the embodiment. [Figure 15] 10 is a flowchart showing the flow of charge / discharge control in a storage battery control device according to a second modification of the present embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] As shown in Fig. 1, an example of a power distribution system is shown for supplying power to load equipment 14 provided on a demand side 12 that receives power from a power grid 10. The demand side 12 may be, for example, a large or small factory, a house, or a building.

[0031] The demand side 12 is provided with a main power meter 16, and the input side of the main power meter 16 is wired so that power (first power) is supplied from the grid power 10.

[0032] The output side of the main power meter 16 is connected to a power receiving facility 18. The power receiving facility 18 includes, for example, a circuit breaker and a ground fault circuit interrupter, and has a role of distributing power to the load facilities 14.

[0033] In the present embodiment, load equipment 14 includes, for example, air conditioning equipment and lighting equipment in a house.

[0034] The load equipment 14 is supplied with power from a power receiving equipment 18 via a power meter 20 for the load equipment 14 and a transformer 22. The same applies to air conditioning equipment and lighting equipment.

[0035] Moreover, the demand side 12 of this embodiment has a photovoltaic power generation system (hereinafter, may be referred to as PV power generation as necessary) as renewable energy power generation.

[0036] Electricity generated by solar power is positioned as second electricity, in contrast to first electricity, which is electricity received from the grid.

[0037] The solar power generation system includes a solar power generation device 24. The solar power generation device 24 receives sunlight and is charged.

[0038] The photovoltaic power generation device 24 is connected to the power receiving equipment 18 via a power conditioner 26, a transformer 28, and a PV power meter 30.

[0039] Furthermore, the demand side 12 of this embodiment includes a storage battery 32. The storage battery 32 is capable of charging and discharging (hereinafter, collectively referred to as "charging and discharging").

[0040] When charging the storage battery 32, power is supplied via a power meter 34 for the storage battery, a transformer 36, and a power conditioner 38. When discharging the storage battery 32, power is supplied to the load equipment 14 as a third power source.

[0041] The storage battery 32 is charged and discharged in response to instructions from a storage battery control device 40.

[0042] The main power meter 16, the power meter 20, the power meter 30, the power meter 34, the power receiving equipment 18, and the storage battery control device 40 are connected to a power supply control device 42. The power supply control device 42 executes charge / discharge control for the load equipment 14 and the storage battery 32, and also monitors the power generation status of the photovoltaic power generation system via the power receiving equipment 18.

[0043] That is, the power supply control device 42 executes the following power supply control. (Power supply control 1) Self-consumption of solar power generation (Power supply control 2) Ensuring peak cuts

[0044] In this embodiment, the main control is to control the power of the storage battery 32 in order to maintain the first condition that the grid power 10, the photovoltaic power generation device 24, and the storage battery 32 do not exceed the upper limit of the grid power 10, and the second condition that reverse power flow from the photovoltaic power generation device 24 to the grid power 10 is avoided. Additionally, in this embodiment, a case where neither a peak exceedance nor surplus charging is predicted is defined as the third condition being met (particularly, a case where free capacity is not required), and charging is performed up to the upper limit of the remaining storage capacity.

[0045] Figure 8 is a characteristic diagram showing a comparison between the case where the control of this embodiment is not executed (left column of Figure 8) and the case where it is executed (right column of Figure 8) under each of the first, second, and third conditions.

[0046] Although the details will be described later, FIG. 8 shows an outline of charge / discharge control under each condition. (First condition) If depletion due to peak discharge is expected, increase the remaining amount of stored electricity. (Second condition) When full charge due to excess charge is expected, the remaining amount of stored electricity is reduced. (Third condition) If neither peak exceedance nor surplus power occurs, charging continues until the upper limit is reached.

[0047] 2, the power supply control device 42 includes a microcomputer 50. The microcomputer 50 includes a CPU 50A, a RAM 50B, a ROM 50C, an input / output port (I / O) 50D, and a bus 50E such as a data bus or a control bus connecting these. A power supply control program according to this embodiment is stored in the ROM 50C, and the CPU 50A operates in accordance with the power supply control program to execute power supply control for the demand side 12. The power supply control program includes a power storage control program for controlling the storage battery control device 40.

[0048] The I / O 50D is connected to a large-scale storage device (e.g., a hard disk) 52. The power supply program may be stored in the large-scale storage device 52, or may be stored in a storage medium such as a USB memory or an SD card (not shown). The large-scale storage device 52 also functions as a setting value storage unit 72 (see FIG. 3), which will be described later.

[0049] The I / O 50D is also connected to the battery control device 40 via an interface (I / F) 54 and to the power receiving equipment 18 via an I / F 56. The I / O 50D is also connected to the main wattmeter 16, the wattmeter 20 for the load equipment 14, the wattmeter 30 for the solar power generation, and the wattmeter 34 for the battery.

[0050] In order to realize the above-mentioned power supply control 1 and power supply control 2, it is important to make maximum use of the power stored in the storage battery 32, reduce the amount of power purchased from the grid power 10, and manage the amount of stored power in preparation for when the upper limit of the received power is about to be exceeded.

[0051] Therefore, the power supply control device 42 of this embodiment predicts in advance (for example, the day before) the future (for example, tomorrow) trends in the consumption of the load equipment 14 and the amount of power generated by the solar power generation system, controls the remaining capacity of the storage battery 32, and executes power supply control 1 and power supply control 2.

[0052] In particular, in this embodiment, the changes in the amount of power consumed by the load equipment 14 and the amount of power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system are predicted for each relatively small time period.

[0053] A detailed time period refers to a time period that is more detailed than a 24-hour unit when, for example, predicting the consumption of load equipment 14 or the power generation amount of a solar power generation system for tomorrow (the day of control) on the day before, and in this embodiment, the trend of the period (reserved time T) is predicted every 30 minutes and up to 72 hours (3 days) ahead, starting from the day of control.

[0054] Here, if the amount of power generated by the solar power generation system is low, the storage battery may be depleted, making it impossible to guarantee peak shaving and resulting in the upper limit of received power being exceeded.

[0055] On the other hand, if peak cutting is given priority, it is necessary to ensure that there is a remaining charge in the storage battery at all times. If the storage battery is fully charged and there is surplus solar power generation, this electricity will be sold to the commercial power grid, reducing self-consumption.

[0056] 3 and 4 are functional block diagrams showing the flow of power supply control, mainly focusing on the charge / discharge control of the storage battery in the power supply control device 42. Note that the blocks in FIGS. 3 and 4 are classified by function and do not limit the hardware configuration. For example, some or all of the blocks may operate in a so-called software manner based on a control program.

[0057] (Power load prediction unit 60, PV power generation prediction unit 62)

[0058] 3, the power supply control device 42 includes a power load prediction unit 60 and a PV power generation prediction unit 62. The power load prediction unit 60 and the PV power generation prediction unit 62 predict the power load and the PV power generation power (power load prediction value Lf and PV power generation prediction value PVf) for the future (in this embodiment, the reserved time T is set to 72 hours from midnight tomorrow) based on external information.

[0059] The external information obtained by the power load prediction unit 60 includes date information, schedule information of the consumers (for example, residents in the case of a general residence) who use the demand side 12, etc., and the power load prediction value Lf is predicted by analyzing the opportunities for the consumers to use the load equipment 14.

[0060] In addition, the external information obtained by the PV power generation prediction unit 62 includes weather information, sunshine duration information, etc., and the PV power generation prediction value PVf is predicted by analyzing the weather and sunshine duration at the installation location of the solar power generation device 24 on the demand side 12.

[0061] When power load forecasting and PV power generation forecasting are performed from external information, machine learning using artificial intelligence may be applied to recognize errors in the initial prediction, reduce errors through daily learning, and improve accuracy.

[0062] (Power load and power generation difference prediction calculation unit 64)

[0063] The power load prediction unit 60 and the PV power generation prediction unit 62 are connected to a power load / power generation difference prediction calculation unit 64 .

[0064] The power load / power generation difference prediction calculation unit 64 calculates the predicted power F (F=Lf-PVf) based on the power load prediction value Lf received from the power load prediction unit 60 and the PV power generation prediction value PVf received from the PV power generation prediction unit 62, and sends it to the required storage capacity calculation unit 66.

[0065] (Required electricity storage amount calculation unit 66)

[0066] The required energy storage amount calculation unit 66 includes a peak excess accumulated amount calculation unit 68A, a required energy storage amount extraction unit 69A, a reverse flow accumulated amount calculation unit 68B, a required free capacity extraction unit 69B, an energy storage amount lower limit value calculation unit 70A, an energy storage amount upper limit value calculation unit 70B, and a current energy storage amount calculation unit 71, each of which is connected to a set value memory unit 72.

[0067] The peak excess accumulated amount calculation unit 68A calculates the peak excess accumulated amount PR based on the predicted power F calculated by the power load / power generation difference prediction calculation unit 64, and the upper limit power P' and the reserved time T stored in the set value memory unit 72, under the condition that F>P'.

[0068] That is, the peak excess integrated amount calculation unit 68A calculates the integrated value of the difference between the predicted power F and the upper limit power P' when the predicted power F is predicted to exceed the upper limit power P' during the reserved time T (for example, 72 hours).

[0069] The upper limit power P' is a preset upper limit value of the power received from the grid power 10, and ensuring that this upper limit power P' is not exceeded is called peak cut guarantee. The peak excess accumulated amount PR can be said to be the amount of power required to guarantee peak cut.

[0070] The peak excess integrated amount PR calculated by the peak excess integrated amount calculation unit 68A is sent to a required storage amount extraction unit 69A. The required storage amount extraction unit 69A extracts the maximum value Sp of the peak excess integrated amount PR up to the secured time T (time t to t+T) and sends it to a storage amount lower limit calculation unit 70A.

[0071] On the other hand, the reverse flow accumulated amount calculation unit 68B calculates the reverse flow accumulated amount GR based on the predicted power F calculated by the power load / power generation difference prediction calculation unit 64, and the upper limit power P' and the reserved time T stored in the set value storage unit 72, under the condition that F<0.

[0072] That is, reverse flow integrated amount calculation unit 68B calculates the integrated value of predicted power F when predicted power F is predicted to be less than 0 (that is, a negative value) during reserved time T (for example, 72 hours).

[0073] The reverse flow integrated amount GR calculated by reverse flow integrated amount calculation unit 68B is sent to required available capacity extraction unit 69B. Required available capacity extraction unit 69B extracts the minimum value Sq of the reverse flow integrated amount GR up to secured time T (time t to t+T), and sends it to power storage amount upper limit value calculation unit 70B.

[0074] 3, the power storage amount lower limit calculation unit 70A reads the capacity of the storage battery 32 (storage battery capacity M), the lower limit of the remaining amount of the storage battery 32 (storage battery remaining amount lower limit Umin), and the lower limit reserve rate a from the set value storage unit 72, and calculates the power storage amount lower limit Smin (Smin={Sp×(1+a)}+{Umin×M}). The power storage amount lower limit Smin is a numerical value expressed as a ratio to the storage battery capacity M (for example, a numerical value between 0 and 1, or a percentage "%").

[0075] On the other hand, the power storage amount upper limit value calculation unit 70B reads out the capacity of the storage battery 32 (storage battery capacity M), the upper limit of the remaining amount of the storage battery 32 (storage battery remaining amount upper limit value Umax), and the upper limit reserve rate b from the set value storage unit 72, and calculates the power storage amount upper limit value Smax (Smax={Umax×M}-{Sq×(1+b)}). At the same time, it reads out the power storage amount lower limit value Smin from the power storage amount lower limit value calculation unit 70A, and selects, as the power storage amount upper limit value Smax, the larger of the calculation result ({Umax×M}-{Sq×(1+b)}) or the power storage amount lower limit value Smin read out from the power storage amount lower limit value calculation unit 70A. The power storage amount upper limit value Smax is a numerical value expressed as a ratio to the storage battery capacity M (for example, a numerical value between 0 and 1, or a percentage "%").

[0076] Furthermore, the current storage amount calculation unit 71 reads out the storage battery capacity M from the set value storage unit 72, and also obtains the storage battery remaining capacity rate Rs from the storage battery remaining capacity rate measurement unit 74, and calculates the current storage amount S (S=Rs×M).

[0077] The power storage amount lower limit value Smin calculated by the power storage amount lower limit value calculation unit 70A, the power storage amount upper limit value Smax selected by the power storage amount upper limit value calculation unit 70B, and the current power storage amount S calculated by the current power storage amount calculation unit 71 are each sent to a target battery output selection unit 78 of the battery output calculation unit 76 shown in Fig. 4. The battery output calculation unit 76 in Fig. 4 will be described later.

[0078] (Battery charge / discharge upper limit calculation unit 80)

[0079] As shown in FIG. 3, the calculation in the required storage amount calculation unit 66 is based on a transition prediction, and when this transition prediction is completed and the day of storage battery control arrives, the storage battery charge / discharge upper limit calculation unit 80 is activated.

[0080] The battery charge / discharge upper limit calculation unit 80 includes a current power measurement unit 82 , a battery discharge upper limit determination unit 84 , and a battery charge upper limit determination unit 86 .

[0081] The current power measurement unit 82 acquires the load power L from the power meter 20 for the load equipment 14 and acquires the battery charge / discharge power BAT from the power meter 34 for the storage battery, thereby calculating the current power L' (L' = L + BAT).

[0082] The current power measurement unit 82 is connected to a battery discharge upper limit determination unit 84 and a battery charge upper limit determination unit 86. The current power measurement unit 82 sends the calculated current power L' to the battery discharge upper limit determination unit 84 and the battery charge upper limit determination unit 86. The calculated current power L' is also sent to a correction unit 79 of the battery output calculation unit 76 shown in Fig. 4. The battery output calculation unit 76 in Fig. 4 will be described later.

[0083] The battery discharge upper limit determination unit 84 is connected to the set value storage unit 72, reads out the maximum battery discharge output Xout stored in the set value storage unit 72, and acquires the current power L' from the current power measurement unit 82. The smaller of these values ​​is determined as the battery discharge upper limit X'out and sent to the X'out selection unit 85. The required free space Sq is input to the X'out selection unit 85 from the required free space extraction unit 69B, and the X'out selection unit 85 determines the battery discharge upper limit X'out according to the value of the required free space Sq. That is, if Sq=0, the battery discharge upper limit X'out is left as is, but if not (Sq≠0), the value of X'out is set to 0 and sent to the battery output selection unit 78 and correction unit 79 of the battery output calculation unit 76 shown in FIG. 4.

[0084] On the other hand, the battery charging upper limit determination unit 86 is connected to the set value storage unit 72 and reads out the battery maximum charging output Xin and upper limit power P' stored in the set value storage unit 72. The battery charging upper limit determination unit 86 also obtains the current power L' from the current power measurement unit 82, calculates the difference Δ (P'-L') between this and the upper limit power P', and determines the smaller of the battery maximum charging output Xin and the difference Δ as the battery charging upper limit X'in, which it sends to the battery output selection unit 78 of the battery output calculation unit 76 shown in Fig. 4. When P'-L'<0, the current power exceeds the upper limit power, so charging is disabled (X'in=0).

[0085] (Battery output calculation unit 76)

[0086] As shown in FIG. 4, the battery output calculation unit 76 includes a battery output selection unit 78 and a correction unit 79.

[0087] The storage battery output selection unit 78 receives the current storage amount S from the current storage amount calculation unit 71 (see FIG. 3).

[0088] The battery output selection unit 78 also receives the power storage upper limit value Smax from the power storage upper limit value calculation unit 70B (see FIG. 3) and the power storage lower limit value Smin from the power storage lower limit value calculation unit 70A (see FIG. 3).

[0089] Furthermore, the battery output selection unit 78 receives the battery discharge upper limit X'out from the X'out selection unit 85 (see FIG. 3) and also receives the battery charge upper limit X'in from the battery charge upper limit determination unit 86 (see FIG. 3).

[0090] Furthermore, the battery output selection unit 78 reads out the upper limit side margin of power storage Uhigh from the set value storage unit 72 (see FIG. 3).

[0091] Here, the storage battery output selection unit 78 is provided in advance with a determination formula-storage battery output table 78T for selecting the storage battery output X (see Table 1).

[0092] The determination formula determines which range the input current energy storage amount S belongs to among the ranges set by the energy storage amount upper limit value Smax, the energy storage amount lower limit value Smin, and the upper limit energy storage margin width Uhigh. The determination result is applied to the determination formula-battery output table 78T to select the battery output X.

[0093] [Table 1]

[0094] FIG. 9 shows the correspondence between the level display of the remaining capacity of the storage battery 32 (FIG. 9(A)) and the characteristic diagram of the measured value of the remaining capacity S of the storage battery versus the storage battery output X (FIG. 9(B)). Note that FIG. 9(A) has 20 levels.

[0095] As shown in Figure 9(A), the lower limit value Smin of the amount of stored power is 6 levels, which is the range of insufficient remaining power. From the empty-charge state, the upper limit (6 levels) of this range of insufficient remaining power and the range of low remaining power becomes Smin in the judgment formula of Table 1.

[0096] The remaining six levels of the level gauge from level 6 (Smin position) indicate that the storage battery 32 has a sufficient remaining capacity, and any level above that indicates that the remaining battery capacity is low or insufficient.

[0097] The range of insufficient free capacity is six levels from full charge, and this position is the upper limit of the stored energy amount Smax. Also, the range of low free capacity is two levels from the upper limit of the stored energy amount Smax, and is the upper limit of the free capacity margin Uhigh. From the fully charged state, the lower limit (eight levels) of this range of insufficient free capacity and low free capacity range is Smax-Uhigh in the formula in Table 1.

[0098] In the judgment in Table 1, six levels from 0 to the lower limit value Smin of the amount of stored electricity are judged as D (Smin≧S).

[0099] In the judgment of Table 1, the range from Smin, which is the upper limit when the remaining amount of stored electricity is low, to Smax-Uhigh, which is the upper limit with a margin of 6 levels, is judgment C (Smax-Uhigh≧S>Smin).

[0100] In the judgment of Table 1, the range from Smax-Uhigh, which is the upper limit with a margin, to the upper limit Smax of the stored power amount, which is the upper limit two levels less than the free capacity, is judgment B (Smax≧S>Smax-Uhigh).

[0101] In the judgment of Table 1, the amount exceeding the upper limit value Smax of the stored electricity amount is judged as A (S>Smax).

[0102] Each determination (determinations A to D) is reflected in the characteristic diagram of the measured remaining battery capacity S vs. the battery output X in FIG. 9B, and the battery output X is selected according to the current remaining capacity of the battery 32 (current storage capacity S).

[0103] In the characteristic diagram of the measured battery remaining capacity S vs. battery output X in Figure 9(B), proportional control is used to eliminate the difference between the battery output X when there is a margin for avoiding peak overshoots and the battery output X when there is no margin. This makes it possible to eliminate the phenomenon (hunting) of repeated overshoot and undershoot in response to slight increases and decreases when the battery output X is changed.

[0104] 9(B), in order to eliminate the difference between the battery output X when there is a margin for avoiding reverse power flow and the battery output X when there is no margin, proportional control is used to connect the upper limit side power storage margin range Uhigh, which has the upper limit of the power storage amount upper limit value Smax. This makes it possible to eliminate the phenomenon (hunting) of repeated overshoot and undershoot in response to slight increases and decreases when the battery output X changes (when the remaining amount of the battery 32 is near the upper or lower end of the upper limit side power storage margin range Uhigh).

[0105] As shown in Fig. 4, the battery output X selected by the battery output selection unit 78 is sent to the correction unit 79. The correction unit 79 reads out the upper limit power P' from the set value storage unit 72 (see Fig. 3), and receives the current power L' from the current power measurement unit 82 (see Fig. 3). In addition, the correction unit 79 receives the battery discharge upper limit X'out from the X'out selection unit 85 (see Fig. 3).

[0106] The correction unit 79 corrects the storage battery output X selected by the storage battery output selection unit 78 in real time, that is, taking into account the current power.

[0107] The correction unit 79 is preset with a judgment formula-corrected battery output table 79T (see Table 2) for obtaining a corrected battery output (corrected battery output X') that takes into account the current power L' for the battery output X.

[0108] [Table 2]

[0109] Correction based on the criteria in Table 2 can achieve the following objectives:

[0110] (Purpose 1) When the current power L′ exceeds the peak, priority is given to avoiding (suppressing) exceeding the peak over controlling the amount of power stored in the storage battery 32.

[0111] (Objective 2) When the peak is exceeded and the remaining capacity of the storage battery 32 needs to be reduced, discharge is performed until the power reaches or falls below the upper limit power.

[0112] (Objective 3) When there is neither peak overage nor reverse power flow, priority is given to controlling the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery 32.

[0113] (Purpose 4) When the current power L' flows backward, priority is given to charging the storage battery 32 in order to avoid (suppress) the backward power flow.

[0114] (Purpose 5) When it is desired to increase the remaining capacity of the storage battery 32, charging is performed in excess of the amount of reverse power flow.

[0115] (Battery output command unit 88)

[0116] The correction unit 79 of the battery output calculation unit 76 is connected to the battery output command unit 88 and sends the corrected battery output (corrected battery output X') to the battery output command unit 88. The battery output command unit 88 commands the battery control device 40 (see FIG. 1) to control the battery 32 based on the corrected battery output X'.

[0117] The operation of this embodiment will be described below with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS.

[0118] FIG. 5 is a control flowchart showing a required remaining charge amount calculation routine executed mainly by the required charge amount calculation unit 66 of FIG.

[0119] In step 100, a predicted power load value Lf is input, then the process proceeds to step 102 where a predicted PV power generation value PVf is input, and the process proceeds to step 104.

[0120] In step 104, the predicted power F is calculated based on the input predicted power load value Lf and predicted PV power generation value PVf (F=Lf−PVf).

[0121] In the next step 106 , the upper limit power P′ is read from the set value storage unit 72 , and then in step 108 , the reserved time T is read from the set value storage unit 72 , and the process proceeds to step 110 .

[0122] In step 110, the peak excess integrated amount PR is calculated based on the predicted power F calculated in step 104, and the upper limit power P' and the secured time T read out in steps 106 and 108.

[0123] In the next step 112, a required storage amount Sp is extracted based on the calculation of the peak excess integrated amount PR in step 110. The required storage amount Sp is the maximum value of the peak excess integrated amount PR from time t to t+T.

[0124] In the next step 114, the reverse flow integrated amount GR is calculated based on the predicted power F calculated in step 104, and the upper limit power P′ and the reserved time T read out in steps 106 and .

[0125] In the next step 116, a required free capacity Sq is extracted based on the calculation of the accumulated reverse flow amount GR in step 114. The required free capacity Sq is the larger of the minimum value of the accumulated reverse flow amount from time t to t+T multiplied by -1, or 0 (zero).

[0126] In the next step 118, the battery capacity M, the lower limit Umin of the remaining battery capacity, the lower limit reserve rate a, the upper limit Umax of the remaining battery capacity, and the upper limit reserve rate b are read from the set value storage unit 72, and the process proceeds to step 120.

[0127] In step 120, the lower limit value Smin of the amount of stored electricity is calculated (Smin={Sp×(1+a)+{(Umin×M)}).

[0128] In the next step 122, the upper limit value Smax of the amount of stored electricity is calculated (Smax={(Umax×M)}-{Sq×(1+b)) and the larger of the calculation result ({Umax×M}-{Sq×(1+b)}) or the lower limit value Smin of the amount of stored electricity is selected as the upper limit value Smax of the amount of stored electricity. In the next step 123, the lower limit value Smin of the amount of stored electricity calculated in step 120 and the upper limit value Smax of the amount of stored electricity calculated in step 122 are each temporarily saved, and this routine ends.

[0129] FIG. 6 is a control flowchart showing a storage battery output control routine executed mainly by the storage battery output selection unit 78 in FIG.

[0130] In step 150 , the storage battery capacity M, the upper limit power P′, the storage battery maximum discharge output Xout, and the storage battery maximum charge output Xin are read from the set value storage unit 72 , and the process proceeds to step 152 .

[0131] In step 152, the load power L measured by the power meter 20 and the battery charge / discharge power BAT measured by the power meter 34 are input, and the process proceeds to step 154.

[0132] In step 154, the current power L' is calculated based on the input load power L and the battery charge / discharge power BAT (L'=L+BAT).

[0133] In the next step 156, the smaller value of the current power L' or the maximum battery discharge output Xout is determined as the upper limit X'out of battery discharge, and the process proceeds to step 158.

[0134] In step 158, the smaller of the difference Δ(P'-L') between the upper limit power P' and the current power L' or the maximum battery charging output Xin is determined as the battery charging upper limit X'in, and the process proceeds to step 160. However, if P'-L'<0, the current power exceeds the upper limit power, so the battery charging upper limit X'in=0 (i.e., charging is not possible).

[0135] In step 160, the temporarily stored lower limit value Smin and upper limit value Smax of the stored energy are read out, and then in step 162, the upper limit side storage margin Uhigh is read out from the set value memory unit 72, and then the process proceeds to step 164, where the judgment formula-storage battery output (X) table 78T is read out, and the process proceeds to step 166.

[0136] In step 166, the acquired (read, input, calculated, and determined) numerical values ​​are assigned to each of the variables (Smax, Smin, Uhigh, X'out, and X'in) in the judgment formula-storage battery output (X) table 78T, and the process proceeds to step 168. This determines the range of the judgment formula.

[0137] In step 168, the measured value of the remaining battery capacity rate Rs is input, and then the process proceeds to step 170 where the current amount of stored power S is calculated (S=Rs×M).

[0138] In step 172, the current storage amount S calculated in step 170 is compared with the judgment formula-battery output (X) table 78T to which the numerical values ​​of each variable were assigned in step 166, and in step 174, the judgment type (A to D) to which the current storage amount S belongs is identified, and the process proceeds to step 176.

[0139] In step 176, the storage battery output X is determined from the right column of the determination formula-storage battery output (X) table 78T based on the determination type (A to D) identified in step 174. By controlling the remaining capacity of the storage battery 32 using this storage battery output X, it is possible to avoid both peak overload and reverse power flow.

[0140] However, this storage battery output X does not take into account the current power, i.e., the error with respect to the prediction for that day. Therefore, in the next step 178, the correction unit 79 (see FIG. 4) executes correction processing control of the storage battery output X.

[0141] FIG. 7 is a control flowchart showing the detailed flow of the correction process control subroutine for the storage battery output X in step 178 of FIG.

[0142] In step 200, the judgment formula-corrected battery output X' table 79T is read, and the process proceeds to step 202.

[0143] In step 202 , the current power L′ is compared with the upper limit power P′ (L′:P′) to identify the determination type (α, β, or γ), and the process proceeds to step 204 .

[0144] Here, the judgment type α means L'≧P', the judgment type β means P'>L'>0, and the judgment type γ means 0≧L'. Note that "0" is the lower limit power.

[0145] If the determination type is determined to be α in step 204 , the process proceeds to step 206 , where the larger of the battery output X or X′out is selected as the corrected battery output X′, and the process proceeds to step 212 .

[0146] If it is determined in step 204 that the determination type is β, the process proceeds to step 208 where the battery output X is selected as the corrected battery output X′, and the process proceeds to step 212 .

[0147] If the determination type is determined to be γ in step 204 , the process proceeds to step 210 , where the smaller of the battery output X or −X′out is selected as the corrected battery output X′, and the process proceeds to step 212 .

[0148] In step 212, the corrected battery output X' selected is sent to the battery control device 40 (see FIG. 1), and this routine ends.

[0149] (Demand prediction control of storage batteries + remaining battery capacity control under specific conditions such as power outages)

[0150] The above describes the demand prediction control of storage batteries. In this demand prediction control of storage batteries, the remaining battery charge that falls within the allowable range is a result of the course of events that depend on the history of the control, and while this is not a problem under normal circumstances, it does not take into account the remaining battery charge that will be required under specific conditions (in the near future), such as a power outage.

[0151] The following describes a system in which battery demand prediction control is combined with battery remaining capacity control under specific conditions such as a power outage.

[0152] FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the flow of charge / discharge control in the battery control device 40 based on the corrected battery output X′ obtained by the processing of the flowchart in FIG.

[0153] This charge / discharge control flowchart is preferably executed, for example, at a one-minute cycle, but the cycle is not limited thereto.

[0154] In step 250, the current power L' is calculated, and then in step 252, it is determined whether the current power L' is greater than the upper limit power P'. If the determination in step 252 is affirmative (current power L' > upper limit power P'), the routine proceeds to step 254, where a peak is predicted to be exceeded and a discharge command is issued (peak discharge), and the routine ends. This corresponds to the determination belonging to α in FIG. 7.

[0155] During peak discharge, if the received power is above the peak power (target value), power is supplied from the storage battery. If the storage battery is empty, power is discharged only from the PV.

[0156] If the determination in step 252 is negative, the process proceeds to step 256, where it is determined whether the current power L' is less than or equal to the lower limit power 0. Note that "0" is the lower limit power. If the determination in step 256 is positive (current power L' is less than or equal to the lower limit power 0), the process proceeds to step 258, where reverse flow is predicted, charging is instructed (reverse flow charging), and the routine ends. This corresponds to the determination belonging to γ ​​in FIG. 7.

[0157] In reverse flow charging, when reverse power flow occurs due to PV, the excess power is charged into the storage battery. When the storage battery is fully charged, the excess PV power generation is suppressed.

[0158] Here, if a negative determination is made in step 256 (in other words, if a negative determination is made in both step 252 and step 256 (upper limit power P' > current power L' > lower limit power 0), the process proceeds to step 260. This corresponds to the determination belonging to β in FIG. 7.

[0159] In step 260, the required storage amount Sp and the required free space Sq calculated periodically (for example, every 30 minutes) by the required storage amount extraction unit 69A and the required free space extraction unit 69B in Fig. 3 are read (i.e., the latest data is read), and then the process proceeds to step 262 to determine whether the current remaining storage amount S is less than the required storage amount Sp. If the determination in step 262 is affirmative, the process proceeds to step 264 to instruct charging to restore the remaining storage amount, and this routine ends.

[0160] When restoring remaining storage capacity, if a peak is expected to be exceeded in the future, the storage battery is charged from the PV and the grid. When the storage battery reaches the required remaining storage capacity, it regenerates electricity from the PV to the grid. In addition, even if there is no need to secure free capacity, the battery is charged until it is fully charged.

[0161] If the determination in step 262 is negative, the process proceeds to step 266, where it is determined whether the remaining amount of stored power S is greater than the upper limit amount of stored power (storage capacity M - required free capacity Pq). If the determination in step 266 is positive, the process proceeds to step 268, where a discharge command is issued to ensure free capacity, and this routine ends.

[0162] To ensure available capacity, if a reverse power flow occurs in the future, the storage battery will be discharged to reduce the remaining capacity.

[0163] Incidentally, a negative determination in step 266 means that the amount of stored power in the storage battery is within an appropriate range, for example, the region with a margin shown in Fig. 9 (which may be the region from the lower limit value Smin to the upper limit value Smax of the amount of stored power), and therefore the control of the amount of stored power in the storage battery is being performed appropriately in accordance with the predicted transition. In other words, the amount of stored power in the above region is a so-called "uncertain position" that depends on the history of the control, and the position in the region is not specified.

[0164] Therefore, in this embodiment, a negative determination in step 266, where neither a peak overage nor excess charging is predicted, is defined as the satisfaction of the third condition of the present invention (particularly, when free capacity is not required), and charging is performed up to the upper limit of the remaining battery capacity. For example, in the case of a power outage prediction described below, the upper limit of the remaining battery capacity is preferably the 90% position (Smax-sp) on the level gauge in FIG. 9 (FIG. 9(A)), taking into consideration the demand prediction control of the storage battery. Note that the definition of the upper limit of the remaining battery capacity is not limited to the 90% position (Smax-sp) in FIG. 9(A), but may be the upper limit of the amount of storage capacity Smax shown in FIG. 9(A). Furthermore, a full charge (100%) may be used, with power outage prediction being given top priority. At the very least, the object of the present invention can be achieved by shifting from the charge amount in the current state to the target charge amount (increasing the charge amount in this embodiment), rather than leaving the storage battery in a state where the current state is unpredictable.

[0165] That is, if the determination at step 266 is negative, the process proceeds to step 270, where charging to restore the remaining charge is instructed, and this routine ends.

[0166] This allows the system to maintain a certain amount of charge for situations where power is needed, such as a power outage, while still achieving the original purpose of controlling peak discharge and excess charge.

[0167] The definitions of peak discharge in step 254, reverse flow charging in step 258, restoring remaining charge in step 264 (step 270), and securing free capacity in step 268 will be explained below.

[0168] Peak discharge: When the received power is above the peak power (target value), power is supplied from the storage battery. If the storage battery is empty, discharge is performed only from the PV.

[0169] Reverse flow charging: When reverse flow occurs due to PV, the excess power is charged into the storage battery. When the storage battery is fully charged, excess PV power generation is suppressed.

[0170] Restoring remaining storage capacity: If a peak is expected to be exceeded in the future, the storage battery is charged from the PV and grid. When the storage battery reaches the required remaining storage capacity, power is regenerated from the PV to the grid. In addition, even if there is no need to secure free capacity, the battery is charged until it is fully charged.

[0171] Ensuring free capacity: If reverse power flow occurs in the future, discharge the battery to reduce the remaining capacity.

[0172] (Modification 1 after negative determination in step 266 of FIG. 10)

[0173] In this embodiment, if the determination in step 266 in FIG. 10 is negative, and neither a peak overage nor excessive charging is predicted, a command is given to charge the battery to recover the remaining amount of stored electricity, and the battery is charged up to the upper limit of the remaining amount of stored electricity (for example, 90% of the upper limit in FIG. 9(A)).

[0174] In contrast to this, in Modification 1, a system is constructed that uses weather information to predict, for example, a power outage due to bad weather, and when a negative determination is made in step 266 of Fig. 10 and a power outage is predicted, the third condition is met, and charging to restore the remaining power storage amount is instructed, and charging is performed up to the upper limit of the remaining power storage amount. Also, in charging conditioned on a predicted power outage, the storage battery may be fully charged.

[0175] Fig. 11 is a flowchart showing the flow of charge / discharge control according to Modification 1. Note that the same steps as in Fig. 10 are given the same reference numerals, and the description of each process will be omitted.

[0176] As shown in FIG. 11, if the determination at step 266 is negative, the process proceeds to step 269, where it is determined whether flag F is set (F=1).

[0177] If the determination in step 269 is affirmative (F=1), it is determined that the third condition is met, and the routine proceeds to step 270, where charging to restore the remaining charge is instructed, and this routine ends.

[0178] If the determination in step 269 is negative (F=0), it is determined that the third condition is not met, and this routine ends.

[0179] 12 is a flowchart showing a power outage prediction control routine in the power outage prediction system. This power outage prediction control routine is a subroutine that is executed by periodically interrupting the processing of the flowchart in FIG.

[0180] 12, new weather information is acquired, for example, numerical information including the current temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, etc. is acquired from a weather information distribution site, and the process proceeds to step 302.

[0181] In step 302, future weather information is predicted. For example, disaster information such as wind speed, lightning, snowfall, and flooding at a specific location is predicted from statistical processing based on the numerical information acquired in step 300, and the process proceeds to step 304.

[0182] In step 304, the correlation information between weather information and power outage information stored in a database is read, and then the process proceeds to step 306, where the predicted weather information and the correlation information are used to analyze whether or not a power outage has occurred that matches or is similar to the predicted weather information, and the possibility (probability) of a power outage due to the currently predicted weather information is predicted.

[0183] In the next step 308, it is determined whether the probability of a power outage prediction is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, and if the determination is affirmative, flag F is set to 1 (step 310), and if the determination is negative, flag F is reset to 0 (step 312), and this routine ends. The state of the flag is maintained until the next weather information is acquired.

[0184] It should be noted that the power outage prediction control routine as shown in FIG. 12 may not be incorporated into the power storage amount control of this embodiment, and power outage prediction information may be separately obtained directly from a power outage prediction system (website) and used.

[0185] In this way, by adding a power outage prediction control system to the power storage amount control of this embodiment, it becomes possible to control the power storage amount in consideration of power outages.

[0186] (Modification 2 after negative determination in step 266)

[0187] In this embodiment (and variant 1), if a negative judgment is made in step 266 of FIG. 10 (and FIG. 11), and neither a peak exceedance nor surplus charging is predicted, charging to restore the remaining amount of stored electricity is instructed, and charging is performed up to the upper limit of the remaining amount of stored electricity.

[0188] In contrast, in Modification 2, control is performed to discharge the battery down to the lower limit of the remaining amount of stored electricity. This control may be positioned as preliminary control, in which, for example, the charge control of this embodiment or Modification 1 is used as the base, and the following condition is defined as a third condition, and when the third condition is met, the control switches to discharge control, or discharge control may be used as the base control depending on the region or environment in which the control is performed.

[0189] The third condition of Variation 2 is, for example, that in a building where this system is to be installed, in addition to PV and storage batteries, power generation equipment such as generators or fuel cells for peak shaving is also owned, and although storage batteries are also used for peak shaving, the priority may be placed on charging surplus PV power. In this case, if neither peak overage nor surplus power is predicted, it is also possible to reserve as much free capacity as possible in the storage batteries in case the prediction is wrong and a surplus occurs.

[0190] (Modification 3 of Adding Top Priority Processing (Fourth Condition)) For example, in this embodiment, "charge and discharge control based on storage battery output" is performed based on the first and second conditions.

[0191] In contrast to this, in variant example 3, as shown in Figure 15, at the beginning (first step 248) of starting charge / discharge control based on the storage battery output in Figure 10, it is determined whether or not a power outage is predicted, and if a positive determination is made, the fourth condition is deemed to be met, and the "charge / discharge control based on the storage battery output" is not executed, and the process proceeds to step 249, where the remaining storage capacity recovery process is executed.

[0192] This makes it possible to predict situations such as power outages that require relatively more power than normal, and to secure sufficient power in advance.

[0193] (Example of battery demand prediction control + battery remaining capacity control under specific conditions such as power outages)

[0194] Below, an example of battery remaining capacity control under specific conditions such as a power outage when the time when power will be needed, in the demand prediction control of the battery described in any of Variations 1 to 3, is explained based on Figure 13.

[0195] The horizontal axis of FIG. 13 represents time (hours), and below we will explain the relationship between the received power (open bars in FIG. 13 ), battery discharge (filled bars in FIG. 13 ), battery charge (hatched bars in FIG. 13 ), and solar power generation (dashed-dotted line characteristic Z in FIG. 13 ) based on the contracted power level (threshold X in FIG. 13 ) and the building load (dotted line characteristic Y in FIG. 13 ) in chronological order (specifically, during the time periods indicated by arrows A to I in FIG. 13 ).

[0196] (Arrow A) Since the building load exceeds the contracted power level, solar power generation is used and the storage battery 32 is discharged to respond to peak shaving.

[0197] (Arrow B) Charge the battery enough for the next discharge.

[0198] (Arrow C) Since there is no predicted surplus, the battery is charged to a predetermined level (for example, fully charged in case of a power outage).

[0199] (Arrow D) The remaining battery capacity of the storage battery 32 is maintained at a predetermined level of charge state for BCP purposes unless a surplus is predicted.

[0200] (Arrow E) There is sufficient free capacity, so no discharge occurs.

[0201] (Arrow F) The difference between the solar power generation and the building load is charged into the storage battery 32 as surplus power.

[0202] (Arrow G) The power of the storage battery 32 is discharged until the remaining amount can handle both the peak and surplus charge and discharge in response to the prediction.

[0203] (Arrow H) Since the building load (see dotted line Y in FIG. 13) exceeds the contracted power level, solar power generation is used and the storage battery 32 is discharged to cope with peak shaving.

[0204] (Arrow I) The difference between the solar power generation and the building load is charged into the storage battery 32 as surplus power.

[0205] As described above, in the embodiment, peak overloads and surplus power are predicted from load predictions and power generation predictions, and the trend in the remaining amount of stored power is determined from the predictions. If the remaining amount is insufficient for discharge during peak overloads, charging is performed in advance, and if the remaining amount is too high for surplus charging, discharging is performed in advance as a basic control.Furthermore, if a condition occurs in the future where power from the storage battery 32 is required (for example, a power outage prediction in a power outage prediction system), the amount of stored power that is within the allowable range in the basic control is charged, for example, until it is fully charged, so that control can be used in conjunction with control for measures when power is needed (for example, power outage prediction measures).

[0206] FIG. 14 is a timing chart illustrating the effect of restoring the remaining battery charge when the third condition is satisfied, specifically in the case of a power outage, as an example.

[0207] FIG. 14B shows a comparative example in which the remaining battery capacity control is not executed under specific conditions such as a power outage.

[0208] As shown in Figure 14(B), the demand prediction control of the storage battery manages the remaining battery capacity (storage material remaining capacity rate SOC). For example, if a power outage occurs when the remaining battery capacity (tolerance range) is below the capacity required by the BCP, there may be a capacity shortage, making it impossible to meet the BCP.

[0209] In contrast to this, as shown in Figure 14(A), in the case of battery demand prediction control + battery remaining capacity control under specific conditions such as power outages, for example, when a power outage is predicted during discharge under the battery demand prediction control (when the third condition is met), a charge instruction is sent to the battery 32, and the battery remaining capacity can be made to satisfy the BCP by the time of the predicted power outage.

[0210] In the following, examples of units of variables applied in this embodiment (including examples) are listed (see Table 3). Naturally, the units are not limited to the exemplified ones. Furthermore, although it is preferable to use consistent units in the calculation of formulas, there is no need to unify the unit system when expressing each variable, and conversion can be performed during calculation.

[0211] [Table 3] [Explanation of symbols]

[0212] 10 Grid Power (First Power) 12 Demand side 14 Load equipment 16 Main power meter 18 Power receiving equipment 20 Power meter 22 Transformer 24 Solar power generation devices (renewable energy generation, secondary electricity) 26 Power conditioner 28 Transformer 30 Power meter 32 Storage battery (third power) 34 Power meter 36 Transformer 38 Power Conditioner 40 Battery control device 42 Power supply control device 50 Microcomputer 50A CPU 50B RAM 50C ROM 50D Input / Output Ports (I / O) 50E Bus 52 Mass storage 54 Interface (I / F) 56 Interface 60 Power Load Forecasting Unit 62 PV Power Generation Forecasting Department 64 Power load and power generation difference prediction calculation section 66 Required power storage amount calculation unit 68A Peak excess integrated amount calculation unit (integration unit) 68B Reverse power flow integrated amount calculation unit (integration unit) 69A Required electricity storage amount extraction part (extraction part) 69B Required free space extraction unit (extraction unit) 70A Storage capacity lower limit calculation unit (calculation unit) 70B Storage capacity upper limit value calculation unit (calculation unit) 71 Current storage amount calculation unit 72 Setting value memory section 74 Battery remaining capacity measurement unit 76 Battery output calculation unit (selection unit, correction unit) 78 Battery output selection unit (selection unit) 79 Correction unit (correction unit) 80 Battery charge / discharge upper limit calculation unit (determination unit) 82 Current Power Measurement Unit 84 Battery discharge upper limit determination unit (determination unit) 85 X'out selection section 86 Battery charging upper limit determination unit (determination unit) 88 Battery output command unit

Claims

1. A battery control device includes a first power received from a grid, a second power generated by renewable energy, and a third power discharged from a storage battery as power supply sources consumed by a load facility, and controls the third power to maintain a first condition that the first power does not exceed an upper limit value of received power and a second condition that a reverse power flow of the second power to the grid is avoided, a control unit that predicts a transition of the remaining capacity of the storage battery from the results of prediction of peak overload and surplus power based on load prediction and power generation prediction, and controls the remaining capacity of the storage battery by setting a target storage battery output value for charging in advance if the remaining capacity of the storage battery is insufficient for discharging at the peak overload, and for discharging in advance if the remaining capacity of the storage battery is too high for surplus charging; A third condition is defined as a state in which the remaining amount of the storage battery is controlled by the control unit to be within an appropriate range in which charging or discharging is not required and neither peak overage nor surplus power is predicted, and when the third condition is met, the control unit sets the target storage battery output value to a value for charging the storage battery so that the remaining amount of the storage battery is restored to a predetermined upper limit value. Battery control device.

2. A battery control device includes a first power received from a grid, a second power generated by renewable energy, and a third power discharged from a storage battery as power supply sources consumed by a load facility, and controls the third power to maintain a first condition that the first power does not exceed an upper limit value of received power and a second condition that a reverse power flow of the second power to the grid is avoided, a control unit that calculates a lower limit value and an upper limit value of the storage amount of the battery from a time series trend prediction of the load power consumed by the load equipment and a time series trend prediction of the amount of power generated of the second power for a certain future period, and determines a storage battery upper limit value for charging the storage battery to maintain the first condition and a storage battery upper limit value for discharging the storage battery to maintain the second condition when power is consumed by the load equipment, and controls the remaining amount of the storage battery by selecting a target storage battery output value from at least three types: the storage battery upper limit value for charging, the storage battery upper limit value for discharging, and a value that sets the output from the storage battery to zero when the first condition and the second condition are maintained, based on a relationship between the remaining amount of the storage battery and the storage amount lower limit value and the storage amount upper limit value; A third condition is defined as a state in which the remaining amount of the storage battery is controlled by the control unit to be within an appropriate range in which charging or discharging is not required and neither peak overage nor surplus power is predicted, and when the third condition is met, the control unit sets the target storage battery output value to a value for charging the storage battery so that the remaining amount of the storage battery is restored to a predetermined upper limit value. Battery control device.

3. A battery control device includes a first power received from a grid, a second power generated by renewable energy, and a third power discharged from a storage battery as power supply sources consumed by a load facility, and controls the third power to maintain a first condition that the first power does not exceed an upper limit value of received power and a second condition that a reverse power flow of the second power to the grid is avoided, an integrating unit that, based on a time-series transition prediction of the load power consumed by the load equipment and a time-series transition prediction of the amount of power generated by the second power, integrates, for a certain future period, a time-series value by distinguishing between a positive number representing an amount of received power of the first power that exceeds an upper limit value and a negative number representing an amount of reverse flow of the second power to the grid; an extracting unit that extracts a maximum positive value and a minimum negative value of a transition of the amount of power accumulated in time series in the integrating unit; a calculation unit that calculates a lower limit value of the amount of stored electricity of the storage battery based on the maximum value extracted by the extraction unit, and calculates an upper limit value of the amount of stored electricity of the storage battery based on the minimum value extracted by the extraction unit; The first power, the second power, and the third power are consumed by the load equipment. a determination unit that determines a battery charging upper limit value for maintaining the first condition and a battery discharging upper limit value for maintaining the second condition when the first condition is satisfied; a selection unit that selects a target battery output value from at least three types of values: a battery charging upper limit value when charging, a battery discharging upper limit value when discharging, and a value that sets the output from the battery to zero when the first condition and the second condition are maintained, based on a relationship between the remaining amount of the battery and the lower limit and upper limit of the amount of stored electricity; a control unit that defines a third condition as a case where neither peak overage nor surplus power is predicted in a state where the remaining amount of the storage battery is controlled by the selection unit to be within an appropriate range where charging / discharging is not necessary, and that sets the target storage battery output value to a value for charging the storage battery so that the remaining amount of the storage battery is restored to a predetermined upper limit value when the third condition is met; A battery control device having the above.

4. The control unit 4. The battery control device according to claim 1, wherein when the third condition is met, the target battery output value is set so that the remaining charge of the battery reaches a predetermined upper limit or lower limit.

5. The system further includes an acquisition unit that acquires determination information for determining whether or not a power outage has occurred based on a correlation between past weather condition information and power outage information, based on weather condition information including at least one of wind speed information, lightning occurrence information, snowfall information, and flood information at an observation point; The control unit When the third condition is satisfied and the determination information acquired by the acquisition unit indicates that a power outage has occurred, the target battery output value is set so that the remaining charge of the battery reaches a predetermined upper limit. The battery control device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. The system further includes an acquisition unit that acquires determination information for determining whether or not a power outage has occurred based on a correlation between past weather condition information and power outage information, based on weather condition information including at least one of wind speed information, lightning occurrence information, snowfall information, and flood information at an observation point; 4. The battery control device according to claim 1, wherein when the determination information acquired by the acquisition unit indicates that a power outage has occurred, the control unit sets the target battery output value so that the remaining charge of the battery reaches a predetermined upper limit as a top priority before controlling the battery output value based on the first condition, the second condition, and the third condition.

7. On the computer, A battery control program for causing each part of the battery control device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 to function.

Images