Cell Culture Systems

Abstract

To provide a cell culture system suitable for a comparative analysis for respective cell culture containers.SOLUTION: A cell culture system includes: a first pump; and a first cell culture container and a second cell culture container. The first cell culture container has a first culture medium circulation flow path. The second cell culture container has a second culture medium circulation flow path independent of the first culture medium circulation flow path. The first culture medium circulation flow path and the second culture medium circulation flow path are fluidly connected to the first pump.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a cell culture system. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 (WO 2018 / 079793) discloses a system in which a cell culture vessel with intestinal epithelial cells seeded on a porous membrane is placed in an anaerobic chamber, and the intestinal epithelial cells are co-cultured with bacteria contained in a culture medium. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2018 / 079793 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, in the prior art, sufficient consideration has not been given to the design of a system suitable for culturing cells under various conditions and then comparatively analyzing the cell state and medium components for each cell culture vessel.

[0005] The present invention provides a cell culture system suitable for comparative analysis of each cell culture vessel. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The cell culture system of the present invention includes a first pump, a first cell culture vessel, and a second cell culture vessel. The first cell culture vessel has a first culture medium circulation channel. The second cell culture vessel has a second culture medium circulation channel that is independent from the first culture medium circulation channel. The first culture medium circulation channel and the second culture medium circulation channel are fluidly connected to the first pump. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the cell culture system of the present invention, it is possible to perform comparative analysis for each cell culture vessel. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cell culture system 100. [Figure 2] FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a cell culture vessel 20. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the rack 40 attached to the base 10. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a chamber device 200. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following drawings, the same or corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will not be repeated.

[0010] (Configuration of cell culture system according to the embodiment) The configuration of a cell culture system according to an embodiment (hereinafter referred to as "cell culture system 100") will be described below.

[0011] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cell culture system 100. As shown in FIG. 1, the cell culture system 100 includes a base 10, a plurality of independent cell culture containers 20, a plurality of medium containers 30a and 30b, a rack 40, a plurality of tubes 50a and 50b, a pump 60, and a plurality of lead wires 70a (not shown) and 70b (not shown). Note that only two pairs of tubes 50a and 50b are shown in FIG. 1. The cell culture system 100 further includes a controller 80 (see FIG. 5), a transcutaneous electrical resistance measuring device 90 (see FIG. 5), and a chamber device 200 (see FIG. 5). The number of bases 10, racks 40, and pumps 60 may be plural.

[0012] The number of medium containers 30a and 30b, the number of tubes 50a and 50b, and the number of lead wires 70a and 70b are equal to the number of cell culture vessels 20. In the example of Fig. 1, the number of cell culture vessels 20 per base 10 is three. However, Fig. 1 shows only one pair of tubes 50a and 50b.

[0013] The base 10 has a main body 11, a wiring board 12, a spring 13, and a ball 14. The main body 11 has an upper surface and a bottom surface. The bottom surface of the main body 11 is the surface opposite the upper surface of the main body 11. A recess 11a is formed in the main body 11. In the recess 11a, the upper surface of the main body 11 is recessed toward the bottom surface of the main body 11. The recess 11a extends along the longitudinal direction of the base 10 (main body 11).

[0014] Hole 11b and hole 11c are formed in main body 11. At hole 11b, the top surface of main body 11 is recessed toward the bottom surface of main body 11. Hole 11c is formed so as to communicate with the internal space of main body 11.

[0015] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the base 10. As shown in FIG. 2, a wiring board 12 is disposed in the internal space of the main body 11. Although not shown, wiring 12a is formed on the wiring board 12. The wiring board 12 has a plurality of protruding electrodes 12b and a plurality of protruding electrodes 12c. The number of protruding electrodes 12b and protruding electrodes 12c is equal to the number of cell culture vessels 20. One end of the protruding electrode 12b and one end of the protruding electrode 12c are electrically connected to the wiring 12a. The other end of the protruding electrode 12b and the other end of the protruding electrode 12c protrude from the bottom surface of the recess 11a.

[0016] Ball 14 is attached to the tip of spring 13. Spring 13 is embedded in base 10 so that ball 14 attached to the tip protrudes from the side surface of recess 11a.

[0017] Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the cell culture vessel 20. As shown in Fig. 3, the cell culture vessel 20 includes a vessel body 21, a cell culture insert 22, a cover member 23, a cover member 24, an electrode 25a, and an electrode 25b.

[0018] A first culture medium 26 is stored inside the container body 21. The container body 21 has an upper wall 21a, a bottom wall 21b, and a side wall 21c. The container body 21 is preferably made of a resin material.

[0019] An opening 21aa is formed in the upper wall 21a. The opening 21aa penetrates the upper wall 21a in the thickness direction. The upper wall 21a may be formed separately from the bottom wall 21b and the side wall 21c.

[0020] The bottom wall 21b faces the top wall 21a with a gap therebetween. Electrodes 21ba and 21bb are embedded in the bottom wall 21b. The electrodes 21ba and 21bb are electrically connected to the first culture medium 26. The electrodes 21ba and 21bb are exposed from the outer surface of the bottom wall 21b. When the container body 21 is placed in the recess 11a, the electrodes 21ba and 21bb are electrically connected to the protruding electrodes 12b and 12c, respectively.

[0021] The side wall 21c is continuous with the top wall 21a and the bottom wall 21b. A recess 21ca is formed on the outer surface of the side wall 21c. The recess 21ca is formed in a position facing the ball 14 when the container body 21 is placed in the recess 11a.

[0022] The cell culture insert 22 has a cylindrical portion 22a and an oxygen-permeable membrane 22b. The lower end of the cylindrical portion 22a is closed by the membrane 22b. The upper end of the cylindrical portion 22a is closed by a lid member 23. The lid member 23 is detachable from the cylindrical portion 22a.

[0023] A second culture medium 27 is stored inside the cylindrical portion 22a. The dissolved oxygen concentration of the second culture medium 27 is lower than the dissolved oxygen concentration of the first culture medium 26. That is, the first culture medium 26 is an aerobic culture medium, and the second culture medium 27 is an anaerobic culture medium. The second culture medium 27 contains, for example, anaerobic bacteria.

[0024] The cylindrical portion 22a is inserted into the opening 21aa so that the lower end side thereof is inside the container body 21. In this way, the cell culture insert 22 is attached to the container body 21. The cell culture insert 22 is removable from the container body 21.

[0025] The membrane 22b is, for example, a track-etched membrane made of polycarbonate. The membrane 22b has a first main surface 22ba and a second main surface 22bb. The first main surface 22ba faces the inside of the container body 21. The second main surface 22bb faces the inside of the cylindrical portion 22a. The second main surface 22bb is the surface opposite to the first main surface 22ba.

[0026] Cells are cultured on the second main surface 22bb. These cells are, for example, intestinal epithelial cells that form tight junctions on the second main surface 22bb. A specific example of such cells is Caco-2 cells. Oxygen in the first culture medium 26 is supplied to these cells via the membrane 22b.

[0027] The lid member 24 is detachably attached to the container body 21. This prevents the cell culture insert 22 from falling off from the container body 21. An opening is formed in the lid member 24, and the upper surface of the lid member 24 is exposed through the opening.

[0028] The electrodes 25a and 25b are inserted into the cover member 23. One end of the electrode 25a and one end of the electrode 25b are electrically connected to the second culture medium 27. The other end of the electrode 25a and the other end of the electrode 25b are exposed from the cover member 23.

[0029] The cell culture vessel 20 is detachably attached to the base 10. More specifically, the cell culture vessel 20 is attached to the base 10 by placing the vessel body 21 in the recess 11a. By this attachment, the electrodes 21ba and 21bb are electrically connected to the protruding electrodes 12b and 12c, respectively.

[0030] When the cell culture vessel 20 is attached to the base 10, the ball 14 comes into contact with the recess 21ca. The spring 13 generates a biasing force toward the side wall 21c via the ball 14. This prevents the cell culture vessel 20 (vessel body 21) from shifting position within the recess 11a.

[0031] The culture medium containers 30a and 30b are supported by a rack 40. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the rack 40 attached to the base 10. In FIG. 4, the tubes 50a and 50b are not shown. As shown in FIG. 4, the rack 40 is detachably attached to the base 10. More specifically, the rack 40 has support posts 41. The rack 40 is attached to the base 10 by inserting the support posts 41 into the holes 11b. The rack 40 is made of a magnetic material (soft magnetic material).

[0032] The culture medium container 30a stores the second culture medium 27. One end of the tube 50a is inserted into the lid member 23. This connects the tube 50a to the interior of the cylindrical portion 22a. The other end of the tube 50a is connected to the culture medium container 30a. One end of the tube 50b is inserted into the lid member 23. This connects the tube 50b to the interior of the cylindrical portion 22a.

[0033] A pump 60 is attached to the tube 50a. The pump 60 sends the second culture medium 27 stored in the culture medium container 30a into the inside of the cylindrical portion 22a via the tube 50a. A pump 60 is attached to the tube 50b. The pump 60 sends the second culture medium 27 stored in the cylindrical portion 22a to the culture medium container 30b via the tube 50b. In other words, by operating the pump 60, the second culture medium 27 stored in the inside of the cylindrical portion 22a is replaced. In the cell culture system 100, the supply of the second culture medium 27 from the culture medium container 30a to the cell culture container 20 and the recovery of the second culture medium 27 from the cell culture container 20 to the culture medium container 30b are performed by a single pump 60, thereby reducing the discrepancy between the amount of culture medium supplied and the amount of culture medium recovered, which is caused by individual differences between pumps.

[0034] The pump 60 is a pump that can perform the above-described liquid transfer without contacting the second culture medium 27. The pump 60 is, for example, a tube pump. However, the pump 60 is not limited to this. The pump 60 may be, for example, a syringe pump.

[0035] The pump 60 has a magnet 61. Since the rack 40 is made of a magnetic material, the pump 60 can be attached to the rack 40 by the magnet 61 (see FIG. 4).

[0036] The tube 50a is detachable from the cover member 23 and the culture medium container 30a. The tube 50b is detachable from the cover member 23 and the culture medium container 30b. The pump 60 is detachable from the tube 50a.

[0037] Preferably, the tubes 50a connected to each of the plurality of cell culture vessels 20 are connected to one pump 60. In this manner, in the cell culture system 100, the supply and recovery of the second culture medium 27 to one of the plurality of cell culture vessels 20 (hereinafter referred to as the cell culture vessel 20A) and the supply and recovery of the second culture medium 27 to another of the plurality of cell culture vessels 20 (hereinafter referred to as the cell culture vessel 20B) are performed by one pump 60, so that the same flow rate control can be performed for the cell culture vessel 20A and the cell culture vessel 20B. The cell culture vessel 20A and the cell culture vessel 20B may have the same culture conditions (e.g., cell seeding amount, type of bacteria, etc.) other than the flow rate. However, the cell culture vessel 20A and the cell culture vessel 20B may have different culture conditions other than the flow rate.

[0038] One of the plurality of bases 10 is referred to as base 10A. Another of the plurality of bases 10 is referred to as base 10B. The rack 40 attached to base 10A is referred to as rack 40A. The rack 40 attached to base 10B is referred to as rack 40B. The pump 60 attached to rack 40A is referred to as pump 60A. The pump 60 attached to rack 40B is referred to as pump 60B. The flow rate control for pump 60A may be different from the flow rate control for pump B. The cell culture vessel 20 on base 10A and the cell culture vessel 20 on base 10B may have different culture conditions other than the flow rate (e.g., cell seeding amount, type of bacteria, etc.). However, the cell culture vessel 20 on base 10A and the cell culture vessel 20 on base 10B may have the same culture conditions other than the flow rate (e.g., cell seeding amount, type of bacteria, etc.).

[0039] One end of the lead wire 70a and one end of the lead wire 70b are electrically connected to the wiring board 12 (wiring 12a) through the hole 11c. Preferably, one end of the lead wire 70a and one end of the lead wire 70b are detachable from the wiring board 12. The other end of the lead wire 70a and the other end of the lead wire 70b are detachably electrically connected to the electrode 25a and the electrode 25b by, for example, an IC clip.

[0040] The controller 80 controls the pump 60. More specifically, the controller 80 has a built-in microcontroller. This microcontroller generates a control signal according to the input from the operation buttons or the like of the controller 80, and transmits the control signal to the pump 60 via a wire (not shown). In this way, the pump 60 is controlled.

[0041] The transcutaneous electrical resistance measuring device 90 is connected to the wiring board 12 via wiring (not shown), and measures the electrical resistance between the electrodes 21ba and 21bb and the electrodes 25a and 25b via the wiring, the wiring board 12, and the lead wires 70a and 70b. This measurement is performed, for example, by the four-terminal method.

[0042] Since there are multiple electrodes 21ba, 21bb, 25a, and 25b, multiple signals are output from wiring board 12. These multiple outputs are input to a single distributor. This distributor selects one of these multiple outputs in a time-division manner and inputs it to transcutaneous electrical resistance measuring device 90. This eliminates the need to prepare multiple transcutaneous electrical resistance measuring devices 90.

[0043] The electrical resistance between electrodes 21ba and 21bb and electrodes 25a and 25b varies depending on whether or not the cells cultured on second main surface 22bb have formed tight junctions. Therefore, by measuring the electrical resistance, it is possible to determine whether or not the cells cultured on second main surface 22bb have formed tight junctions.

[0044] The cell culture system 100 may further include an oxygen sensor (not shown). The oxygen sensor is disposed on the path of the tube 50b and is configured to be able to detect the dissolved oxygen concentration of the second culture medium 27 flowing through the tube 50b. This allows the cell culture system 100 to monitor the growth status of bacteria during co-culture.

[0045] Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the chamber apparatus 200. As shown in Fig. 5, the chamber apparatus 200 has an airlock 210 and an anaerobic chamber 220. The airlock 210 is separated from the outside of the chamber apparatus 200 by an outer door 230. The airlock 210 is separated from the anaerobic chamber 220 by an inner door 240. An anaerobic environment (an environment with a low oxygen concentration) is maintained inside the anaerobic chamber 220.

[0046] The anaerobic chamber 220 has a front panel 221. An arm port 222 is formed in the front panel 221. The arm port 222 passes through the front panel 221 and communicates with the internal space of the anaerobic chamber 220. Various tasks can be performed within the anaerobic chamber 220 by inserting a hand into a sleeve (not shown) or glove (not shown) attached to the arm port 222. The arm port 222 is closed by an arm port door 223.

[0047] To place an object in anaerobic chamber 220, first, open outer door 230, place the object in airlock 210, and then close outer door 230. Second, airlock 210 is made anaerobic. Third, after anaerobicization is complete, inner door 240 is opened, and the object in airlock 210 is moved into anaerobic chamber 220. To remove an object from anaerobic chamber 220, the above steps are reversed.

[0048] The base 10, cell culture container 20, medium container 30a and medium container 30b, rack 40, tube 50a and tube 50b, pump 60, lead wire 70a and lead wire 70b, controller 80, and transcutaneous electrical resistance measuring device 90 are arranged in the anaerobic chamber 220.

[0049] The controller 80 and the transcutaneous electrical resistance measuring device 90 are permanently placed in the anaerobic chamber 220. However, the base 10, the cell culture vessel 20, the medium containers 30a and 30b, the rack 40, the tubes 50a and 50b, the pump 60, and the lead wires 70a and 70b can be removed from the anaerobic chamber 220.

[0050] By analyzing the second medium 27 in the medium container 30b removed from the anaerobic chamber 220 and the first medium 26 in the container body 21, it is possible to analyze the dynamics of metabolism and absorption during co-culture.

[0051] (Effects of the cell culture system according to the embodiment) The effects of the cell culture system 100 will be described below.

[0052] The cell culture system 100 has a plurality of cell culture vessels 20 that are independent of one another, and therefore, it is possible to perform comparative analysis for each cell culture vessel 20. In the cell culture system 100, the plurality of independent cell culture vessels 20 are detachably attached to a single base 10. Therefore, according to the cell culture system 100, the plurality of independent cell culture vessels 20 can be carried together with the base 10, and therefore the plurality of independent cell culture vessels 20 can be easily removed from the anaerobic chamber 220.

[0053] The cell culture system 100 includes medium containers 30a and 30b, tubes 50a and 50b, and a pump 60. Therefore, the cell culture system 100 allows co-culture of cells and bacteria while replacing the second culture medium 27 stored inside the cylindrical portion 22a.

[0054] In the cell culture system 100, a rack 40 supporting a plurality of culture medium containers 30a and 30b can be detachably attached to the base 10. In the cell culture system 100, a pump 60 can be attached to the rack 40 with a magnet 61. Therefore, according to the cell culture system 100, the base 10, cell culture containers 20, culture medium containers 30a and 30b, rack 40, tubes 50a and 50b, and pump 60 can be removed from the anaerobic chamber 220 as a single unit.

[0055] The container body 21, the cell culture insert 22, the culture medium containers 30a and 30b, and the tubes 50a and 50b come into contact with the culture medium. Therefore, it is preferable that these components be discarded and replaced with new components after co-culture is performed using the cell culture system 100. However, if these components cannot be removed, they must also be sterilized using an autoclave or the like before being reused, which reduces experimental efficiency.

[0056] In the cell culture system 100, the cell culture insert 22 can be removed from the container body 21, and the cover member 23 can be removed from the cell culture insert 22. In the cell culture system 100, the tube 50a can be removed from the cover member 23 and the culture medium container 30a, and the tube 50b can be removed from the cover member 23 and the culture medium container 30b. In the cell culture system 100, the pump 60 can be removed from the tube 50a.

[0057] In this way, the cell culture system 100 can separate parts that are sterilized and then reused from parts that are discarded, thereby improving the efficiency of the sterilization process and ultimately increasing the efficiency of experiments.

[0058] In the cell culture system 100, the spring 13 generates a biasing force toward the side wall 21c via the ball 14, thereby suppressing displacement of the cell culture vessel 20 within the recess 11a. This allows stable co-culture even when the vessel body 21 is made of a lightweight material (such as a resin material) and the cell culture vessel 20 is prone to wobbling.

[0059] In the cell culture system 100, the electrical resistance value between the electrodes 21ba and 21bb and the electrodes 25a and 25b is measured by the transcutaneous electrical resistance measuring device 90, so that the co-culture can be carried out while monitoring the state of the cells cultured on the second main surface 22bb.

[0060] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above-described embodiments can be modified in various ways. Furthermore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope of the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0061] 10, 10A, 10B base, 11 main body, 11a recess, 11b, 11c hole, 12 wiring board, 12a wiring, 12b, 12c protruding electrode, 13 spring, 14 ball, 20, 20A, 20B cell culture vessel, 21 vessel body, 21a upper wall, 21aa opening, 21b bottom wall, 21ba electrode, 21bb electrode, 21c side wall, 21ca recess, 22 cell culture insert, 22a cylindrical portion, 22b membrane, 22ba first main surface, 22bb second main surface, 23, 24 lid member, 25a, 25b electrode, 26 first culture medium, 27 second culture medium, 30a, 30b culture medium vessel, 40 rack, 40A, 40B rack, 41 support, 50a, 50b Tubing, 60, 60A, 60B pump, 61 magnet, 70a, 70b lead wire, 80 controller, 90 transcutaneous electrical resistance measuring device, 100 cell culture system, 200 chamber device, 210 airlock, 220 anaerobic chamber, 221 front panel, 222 arm port, 223 arm port door, 230 exterior door, 240 interior door.

Claims

1. A first pump; a first cell culture vessel and a second cell culture vessel; a first base having a wiring substrate and to which the first cell culture vessel and the second cell culture vessel are detachably attached; a transepithelial electrical resistance measuring device electrically connected to the wiring board, the first cell culture vessel has a bottom wall, a first electrode embedded in the bottom wall and electrically connected to a first culture medium in the first cell culture vessel, and a second electrode electrically connected to a second culture medium in the first cell culture vessel, the second culture medium having a dissolved oxygen concentration lower than that of the first culture medium; the first electrode of the first cell culture vessel is electrically connected to the wiring substrate by attaching the first cell culture vessel to the first base; the transepithelial electrical resistance measuring device measures an electrical resistance value between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first cell culture vessel is disposed in the first cell culture vessel and includes an oxygen-permeable membrane separating a first reservoir portion in which the first culture medium is stored and a second reservoir portion in which the second culture medium is stored; The membrane has a first main surface facing the first reservoir and a second main surface opposite the first main surface and facing the first reservoir, A cell culture system in which cells are cultured on the second main surface.

2. the first cell culture vessel has a first medium flow path; the second cell culture vessel has a second medium flow path independent of the first medium flow path; the first medium flow path and the second medium flow path are fluidly connected to the first pump; The cell culture system of claim 1 , wherein the first medium flow path and the second medium flow path are fluidly connected to a first medium collection container and a second medium collection container, respectively.

3. A second pump; Further comprising a third cell culture vessel and a fourth cell culture vessel, the third cell culture vessel has a third medium flow path; the fourth cell culture vessel has a fourth medium flow path independent from the third medium flow path; The cell culture system of claim 1 , wherein the third medium flow path and the fourth medium flow path are fluidly connected to the second pump.

4. the first medium flow path is fluidly connected to a medium supply container; a rack supporting the culture medium supply container, the first culture medium collection container, and the second culture medium collection container; The cell culture system according to claim 2 , wherein the rack is detachably attached to the first base.

5. The first cell culture vessel comprises: A container body; a cell culture insert including a cylindrical portion and having the membrane disposed on the bottom surface; a lid member for sealing the container body, The container body includes an upper wall having an opening, a bottom wall, and a side wall connected to the upper wall and the bottom wall, the bottom wall faces the top wall with a gap therebetween, a first end of the cylindrical portion is closed by the membrane; a second end of the cylindrical portion is closed by the lid member, the cylindrical portion is inserted into the opening in the upper wall so that the first end of the cylindrical portion is positioned inside the container body; The first culture medium is stored inside the container body, The cell culture system according to claim 1 , wherein the second culture medium is stored inside the cylindrical portion.

6. a first tube and a second tube; Further provided with a culture medium supply container and a culture medium collection container, a first end of the first tube and a first end of the second tube are inserted into the cover member of the first cell culture vessel and connected to the interior of the cylindrical portion; a second end of the first tube and a second end of the second tube are connected to the culture medium supply container and the culture medium collection container, respectively; 6. The cell culture system of claim 5, wherein the first pump is configured to pump the second culture medium from the culture medium supply container to the interior of the cylindrical portion of the first cell culture container via the first tube, and to pump the second culture medium from the interior of the cylindrical portion of the first cell culture container to the culture medium recovery container via the second tube.

7. the cell culture insert is removable from the container body; the cover member is removable from the cell culture insert; the first tube and the second tube are detachable from the culture medium supply container and the culture medium collection container, respectively; the first tube and the second tube are each detachable from the first pump; The cell culture system according to claim 6 , wherein the first tube and the second tube are detachable from the cover member of the first cell culture vessel.

8. a rack supporting the culture medium supply container and the culture medium collection container and removably attached to the first base; The first pump has a magnet, The cell culture system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the rack is made of a magnetic material.

9. the first base has recesses formed therein in which the first cell culture vessel and the second cell culture vessel are to be placed; The cell culture system according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein a spring is embedded in the first base to generate a biasing force toward the side walls of the first cell culture vessel and the second cell culture vessel placed in the recess.

10. Further comprising a first lead wire; a first end of the first lead wire electrically connected to the second electrode of the first cell culture vessel; The cell culture system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a second end of the first lead wire is electrically connected to the wiring substrate.

11. an anaerobic chamber; a controller that controls the first pump, The cell culture system according to claim 10 , wherein the controller and the transepithelial electrical resistance measuring device are permanently placed in the anaerobic chamber.

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