Power utilization equipment and its controller

Abstract

To provide a power utilization facility and a controller for the same that can adjust its power transmission and reception with an external power system based on various supply and demand requirements, with a simple configuration, without considering the responsiveness of a power output device.SOLUTION: A power utilization facility includes at least one power output device connected to an external power system via a connection point, a power meter that measures the transmitted / received power at the connection point, a power convertor connected to the external power system via the connection point, a power storage connected to the power convertor, and a controller for controlling the power output device and the power convertor. The controller generates a target value for transmitted / received power on the basis of a transmitted / received power request value, calculates a first power deviation by subtracting the transmitted / received power from the target value for transmitted / received power, controls first output power from the power convertor by charging / discharging the power storage so that the transmitted / received power becomes the target value for transmitted / received power on the basis of the first power deviation, and adjusts second output power from the power output device so that the first output power becomes a predetermined setting value.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to power utilization equipment that includes a power output device such as a generator and is connected to an external power system so as to be able to exchange power with the external power system, and to a controller for the power utilization equipment. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, electric power utilities that have jurisdiction over external power systems such as commercial power systems have been requesting power utilization facilities, such as factories, that use power from the external power system to reduce the power supplied to the power utilization facility from the external power system, i.e., the power they receive. In response, the power utilization facility that has reduced its received power receives compensation from the electric power utility, such as a discount on the power rate. This type of transaction is called negawatt trading based on demand response.

[0003] Also, known examples of power utilization facilities include power utilization facilities equipped with power output devices such as prime mover generators and storage batteries. When negawatt trading is performed in such power utilization facilities, the power utilization facilities can cover the amount of suppression of power supplied to the power utilization facilities from the external power grid, i.e., the demand response request, by increasing the power output from the power output device. Hereinafter, the demand response request will be abbreviated as a DR request.

[0004] However, the power supplied to the load changes depending on the load condition. Therefore, in order to appropriately control the power supplied to and received from the external power grid so that the suppression amount does not fall below the DR request amount, it becomes necessary to control the output power of the power output device according to the load condition.

[0005] The following Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose aspects of controlling the output power of a power output device in response to supply and demand requests. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-160949 [Patent Document 2] International Publication No. 2015 / 098083 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] However, the control modes of Patent Documents 1 and 2 cannot be easily applied to the control of power utilization facilities equipped with various types of power output devices. Furthermore, the above-mentioned problems can arise not only in the control of power output devices in response to DR requests, but also in various control situations of power output devices, such as power sales.

[0008] Therefore, an object of the present disclosure has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is to provide a power utilization facility and its controller that is equipped with a power output device and that can respond to various supply and demand requirements by adjusting the power exchanged with an external power system of the power utilization facility with a simple configuration, without taking into account the responsiveness of the power output device. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the power utilization equipment includes at least one power output device that exchanges power with an external power system via a connection point, a power meter that measures the exchange power at the connection point, a power converter connected to the external power system via the connection point, a storage battery connected to the power converter, and a controller that controls the power output device and the power converter, wherein the controller generates an exchange power target value based on a power exchange request value, acquires the exchange power measured at the connection point, calculates a first power deviation by subtracting the exchange power from the exchange power target value, controls a first output power from the power converter by charging and discharging the storage battery based on the first power deviation so that the exchange power becomes the exchange power target value, and adjusts a second output power output from the power output device so that the first output power becomes a predetermined set value.

[0010] A controller according to another aspect of the present disclosure is a controller that controls the power output device and the power converter in a power utilization facility that includes at least one power output device that exchanges power with an external power system via a connection point, a power meter that measures the exchange power at the connection point, a power converter connected to the external power system via the connection point, and a storage battery connected to the power converter, and generates an exchange power target value based on the power exchange request value, calculates a first power deviation by subtracting the acquired exchange power from the exchange power target value, controls a first output power from the power converter by charging and discharging the storage battery based on the first power deviation so that the exchange power becomes the exchange power target value, and adjusts a second output power output from the power output device so that the first output power becomes a predetermined set value. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the present disclosure, in a power utilization facility equipped with a power output device, the power supplied to and received from the power utilization facility's external power system can be made to meet various supply and demand requirements with a simple configuration without taking into account the responsiveness of the power output device. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a power system including power utilization equipment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic graph illustrating a demand response in negawatt trading. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a schematic graph showing an example in which a difference occurs between the planned value of received power and the actual demand in the demand response shown in FIG. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a schematic graph illustrating tertiary adjustment reserve-2 in the supply and demand adjustment market. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a control block of the controller shown in FIG. [Figure 6]FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the target value generating unit, the power deviation calculating unit, and the first command generating unit shown in FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the first command generating unit illustrated in FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing another example of the configuration of the first command generating unit shown in FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the second command generating unit illustrated in FIG. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the setting value generating unit illustrated in FIG. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a schematic graph showing a case where power transfer control according to this embodiment is performed in the demand response shown in FIG. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the power deviation correction unit shown in FIG. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a graph showing a case where the output power of the power output device is sold in this embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating another example of the input / output relationship of the correction value generating unit illustrated in FIG. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating another example of the input / output relationship of the correction value calculation unit illustrated in FIG. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a graph showing the power fluctuation of the load in one simulation. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a graph showing the change in the first power reception suppression request amount in this simulation. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is a graph showing the change in the target value of power transfer in this simulation. [Figure 19] FIG. 19 is a graph showing the change in power transfer when the present simulation is performed in the example. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 is a graph showing the change in power transfer when this simulation is performed in the comparative example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following, identical or corresponding elements will be designated by the same reference numerals throughout the drawings, and redundant description thereof will be omitted.

[0014] Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a power system including power utilization equipment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 1, power utilization equipment 1 is connected to an external power grid 4 via a connection point 30. The power utilization equipment 1 includes a plurality of power output devices 20. In the example of Fig. 1, there are three power output devices 20. The plurality of power output devices 20 are connected to the external power grid 4 via the connection point 30. A load 5 provided in the power utilization equipment 1 is also connected to the external power grid 4 via the connection point 30. The power utilization equipment 1 also includes a power meter 8 that measures the power transmitted and received at the connection point 30.

[0015] This allows the power utilization facility 1 to exchange power with the external power system 4 via the connection point 30. That is, the power utilization facility 1 can receive power from the external power system 4 and supply the power to the load 5. It is also possible to supply power output from a plurality of power output devices 20 to the load 5, or to transmit the power to the external power system 4, i.e., sell the power.

[0016] The power utilization facility 1 further includes a power converter 91 connected to the external power system 4 via a connection point 30. A battery 92 is connected to the power converter 91. The power converter 91 supplies power to the external power system 4 by discharging power stored in the battery 92, and charges the battery 92 by supplying power from the external power system 4 to the battery 92. The battery 92 is, for example, a secondary battery or a capacitor. The power utilization facility 1 includes a state-of-charge detector 93 that detects the state of charge of the battery 92. The state of charge will also be referred to as SOC (State Of Charge) in the following description and drawings.

[0017] There are no restrictions on the connection positions of the multiple power output devices 20 and the power converters 91 as long as they are connected to a system within the power utilization facility 1. In other words, the multiple power output devices 20 and the power converters 91 only need to be able to exchange power with the external power system 4 via the connection points 30.

[0018] The power utilization facility 1 includes a controller 6 that controls a plurality of power output devices 20 and a power converter 91. Alternatively, the controller 6 may be provided independently of the power utilization facility 1. The controller 6 may also include a plurality of power output device controllers that control the plurality of power output devices 20, respectively, and a higher-level controller that issues control commands to each power output device controller. The controller 6 includes a computer such as a microcontroller or a personal computer. For example, the controller 6 includes a CPU, a main memory such as RAM, storage, a communication interface, and the like. The storage of the controller 6 stores control programs and various data.

[0019] The external power system 4 is, for example, a commercial power system. The power utilization facility 1 is, for example, a factory. The power output device 20 is, for example, a fuel cell equipped with a generator or a power conversion device. Examples of generators include prime mover generators such as steam turbines, gas turbines, gas engines, and diesel engines. The power output device 20 may also be, for example, a secondary battery, a capacitor, or other storage device. The multiple power output devices 20 may be configured by combining multiple types of generators, storage devices, and fuel cells that differ in power generation efficiency, power generation cost, response performance, etc.

[0020] The following describes an example of a control mode of the controller 6 during negawatt trading. The following example illustrates a mode in which a first command SC1 for controlling the first output power output from the power converter 91 and a second command SC2 for adjusting the second output power output from the power output device 20 are generated based on a power exchange request value RQT sent to the controller 6 from another power management system 7 such as an aggregator, exchange power RP measured by a power meter 8, and the like.

[0021] The power exchange request value RQT includes multiple request components for the planned power receiving value BL. In the following example, a first unit time, a second unit time, and a third unit time are used as time divisions that serve as the basis for the power exchange request value and the control of the controller 6. For example, the first unit time is 45 minutes, the second unit time is 30 minutes, and the third unit time is 15 minutes, but the combinations are not limited to these.

[0022] The multiple request components include a first power reception suppression request amount RQ1 and a second power reception suppression request amount RQ2. The first power reception suppression request amount RQ1 is issued every second unit time and is a request component that requests that the output be changed within the first unit time after receiving a command. The second power reception suppression request amount RQ2 is a request component for every second unit time that is issued a time longer than the first unit time. For example, the first power reception suppression request amount RQ1 corresponds to the request amount based on tertiary control capacity-2, and the second power reception suppression request amount RQ2 corresponds to the DR request amount. The first power reception suppression request amount RQ1 and the second power reception suppression request amount RQ2 are request components that are independent of each other. The first power reception suppression request amount RQ1 is evaluated in time units that are shorter than the second power reception suppression request amount RQ2. The unit time for evaluating the first power reception suppression request amount RQ1 is a fourth unit time that is equal to or shorter than the third unit time. The fourth unit time is, for example, five minutes.

[0023] First, the second power reception suppression request amount RQ2 will be explained. Fig. 2 is a schematic graph illustrating a demand response in negawatt trading. The horizontal axis of the graph in Fig. 2 indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates power demand. In Fig. 2, the first power reception suppression request amount RQ1 is not taken into consideration.

[0024] The storage of the controller 6 stores data on the received power plan value BL. The received power plan value BL indicates the received power plan value for each second unit time. The received power plan value BL may be created, for example, by dividing a day into time slots each consisting of a second unit time, and averaging the actual values ​​of the demand for each second unit time for the most recent few days for each second unit time slot. However, the method for determining the received power plan value BL is not particularly limited, and various methods are conceivable. As described above, the second unit time is, for example, 30 minutes, but is not particularly limited.

[0025] Data on the power receiving power planned value BL is sent in advance to another power management system 7, such as an aggregator that requests a demand response. Hereinafter, demand response may be abbreviated as DR. The power management system 7 sends a second power receiving suppression request amount RQ2 to the controller 6 of the corresponding power utilization facility 1 based on the power receiving power planned value BL sent from the power utilization facility 1. The data on the second power receiving suppression request amount RQ2 sent to the controller 6 includes information on the DR request period TDR, which indicates the target time period. In the example of FIG. 2, a demand suppression by the second power receiving suppression request amount RQ2 is requested between 12:00 and 17:00. Note that the power management system 7 may calculate the data on the power receiving power planned value BL based on past demand and notify the power utilization facility 1.

[0026] The power management system 7 monitors the actual demand RL, which is the power transferred at the connection point 30 during the DR request period TDR. The actual demand RL at the connection point 30 coincides with the transferred power RP measured by the power meter 8. In this embodiment, the actual demand RL, i.e., the transferred power RP, is set to a positive value when the power utilization facility 1 receives power supply from the external power grid 4. The power management system 7 determines whether the actual demand RL at the power utilization facility 1 is the power obtained by subtracting the second power reception suppression request amount RQ2 from the power reception power plan value BL, i.e., whether RP = BL - RQ2 during the DR request period TDR. If the actual demand RL is suppressed from the power reception power plan value BL by the second power reception suppression request amount RQ2, the power management system 7 determines that a demand response has been achieved and provides a predetermined compensation to the power utilization facility 1. If the actual demand RL is not suppressed by the second power reception suppression request amount RQ2 from the power reception plan value BL, the power management system 7 determines that the demand response has not been achieved and requests a predetermined penalty from the power utilization equipment 1.

[0027] As described above, the power receiving plan value BL is set based on, for example, the past actual demand RL. However, because the actual demand of the load 5 changes daily, the demand of the load 5 when a demand response is implemented does not necessarily match the power receiving plan value BL. Therefore, there may be cases where the demand response cannot be achieved by simply additionally outputting power equivalent to the second power receiving suppression request amount RQ2 from the power output device 20.

[0028] FIG. 3 is a schematic graph showing an example of a case where a difference occurs between the planned value of received power and the actual demand in the demand response shown in FIG. 2. In the example of FIG. 3, the power required by the power utilization facility 1 during the DR request period TDR is shown as actual demand RL, which is higher than the planned value of received power BL. In this case, simply outputting additional power from the power output device 20 by the second power reception suppression request amount RQ2 relative to the planned value of received power BL during the DR request period TDR does not suppress the received power RP to the target value of received power RPo, which is the virtual demand previously assumed for the planned value of received power BL. In other words, the second power reception suppression request amount RQ2 is not suppressed by the increase in actual demand relative to the planned value of received power BL (RL - BL). The shaded area in FIG. 3 represents the amount of power not achieved relative to the DR request.

[0029] Next, the first power reception suppression request amount RQ1 will be explained. Fig. 4 is a schematic graph illustrating tertiary adjustment capacity-2 in a supply and demand adjustment market. The horizontal axis of the graph in Fig. 4 indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates power demand. Fig. 4 shows a case where there is no fluctuation in the power reception plan value BL and there is no DR request, i.e., the second power reception suppression request amount RQ2 is 0.

[0030] As described above, the power management system 7 transmits the second power reception suppression request amount RQ2 to the controller 6 of the corresponding power utilization facility 1 based on the received power planned value BL sent from the power utilization facility 1. The power utilization facility 1 operates to achieve power balancing in the external power system 4 by adjusting the power transfer based on such planned value.

[0031] Meanwhile, power transmission and distribution companies also operate their grids based on power generation plans formulated based on demand forecasts, etc. However, actual power supply and demand may deviate from the forecast due to factors such as changes in power generation from solar power generation and increases in power consumption due to higher-than-expected temperature rises. In such cases, the power transmission and distribution company may issue a differential power request, called tertiary control capability-2, to some consumers via the power management system 7 to suppress received power. As a request for tertiary control capability-2, the power management system 7 requests that the received power be increased or decreased by a predetermined requested amount from the received power plan value of the corresponding power utilization facility 1 after a first unit time from the time of the request. In this embodiment, the predetermined requested amount is referred to as a first power reception suppression request amount RQ1.

[0032] In this embodiment, the controller 6 monitors whether or not there is a differential power request every third time unit. The third time unit is set to a time shorter than the first time unit and the second time unit. For example, the third time unit may be set to a common divisor of the first time unit and the second time unit. For example, if the first time unit is 45 minutes and the second time unit is 30 minutes, the third time unit is set to 15 minutes, which is the greatest common divisor of both.

[0033] In this embodiment, the reference time is [n], the time three unit times after the reference time [n] is [n+1], the time three unit times after the time [n+1] is [n+2], and the time three unit times after the time [n+2] is [n+3]. Time [n+2] is equal to the time two unit times after the reference time [n], and time [n+3] is equal to the time one unit time after the reference time. Furthermore, the first power receiving suppression request amount RQ1 in the differential power request generated at the reference time [n] is denoted as RQ1[n+3].

[0034] 4 shows an example in which the first power receiving suppression request amount RQ1 changes from a first value P1 to a second value P2 greater than the first value P1 at 10:00. If the reference time [n] is 10:00, the first power receiving suppression request amount RQ1[j] (j = . . . , n-1, n, n+1, n+2) in the differential power request up to time [n-1] is all P1. Therefore, if the first power receiving suppression request amount RQ1 does not change at the reference time [n], the target power transmission / reception value RPo up to time [n+2], i.e., 10:30, is RPo = BL - P1.

[0035] However, since the first power reception suppression request amount RQ1 changed from the first value P1 to a second value P2 greater than the first value P1 at 10:00, which is the reference time [n], the corresponding power utilization facility 1 needs to suppress power reception by the second value P2 from the received power plan value BL by time [n+3], which is one unit time after the reference time [n], i.e., by 10:45. Therefore, the controller 6 sets the transmission / reception target value RPo from the reference time [n] onwards to a value obtained by subtracting the first power reception suppression request amount RQ1[n+3]=P2 from the received power plan value BL.

[0036] A tolerance TI is set for the differential power request. The tolerance TI is set, for example, within a range of 10% above and below the differential power request. In the example of FIG. 4, the controller 6 is required to adjust the output power until the reference time [n] so that the actual demand RL is within the tolerance TI range, centered on the power transfer target value RPo1 (RPo1 = BL - P1) based on the first value P1, i.e., within the range between the upper limit value UL1 and the lower limit value LL1. Furthermore, the controller 6 is required to adjust the output power from time [n + 3] onward so that the actual demand RL is within the tolerance TI range, centered on the power transfer target value RPo2 (RPo2 = BL - P2) based on the second value P2, i.e., within the range between the upper limit value UL2 and the lower limit value LL2. Note that the upper limit refers to the upper limit of the differential power request, i.e., the upper limit of the amount of suppression of the power demand. The demand power in FIG. 4 is the minimum allowable value of the power transfer target value RPo. Similarly, the lower limit value means the lower limit value of the differential power request, that is, the lower limit value of the amount of suppression for suppressing the power demand, and is the maximum allowable value of the power transfer target value RPo as the power demand in FIG.

[0037] In addition, during the period from reference time [n] to time [n+3], the controller 6 adjusts the output power so that it falls within the range between the lower limit value LL1 up to the reference time [n] and the upper limit value UL2 from time [n+3], which is the transition period of the differential power request.

[0038] Here, the ability to track the power transfer target value RPo when a differential power request is made requires shorter tracking time than the ability to track the power transfer target value RPo for a DR request. For example, a DR request requires tracking in 30-minute increments, while a differential power request requires tracking in 5-minute increments.

[0039] As described above, the output adjustment of the power utilization facility 1 in response to the DR request and the differential power request needs to be performed according to the actual demand RL. However, there is a risk that the output adjustment of the power output device 20 alone will deviate from the tolerance of the differential power request. Therefore, in this embodiment, the power converter 91 and the battery 92 are used to enable power adjustment in a shorter time.

[0040] In this embodiment, the first output power from power converter 91 is controlled by charging and discharging battery 92 so that transferred power RP becomes a transferred power target value RPo, and then the output of power output device 20 is adjusted so that the first output power becomes a predetermined set value, which will be described later. That is, the second output power output from power output device 20 is adjusted to follow the first output power, so that output adjustment is performed by the first output power, which has a fast response speed, for short-term power fluctuations, and output adjustment is performed by the second output power for longer-term power fluctuations.

[0041] FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control block of the controller shown in FIG. 1. As described above, information on the received power planned value BL is stored in advance in the storage of the controller 6. The controller 6 acquires information on the transmitted and received power RP at the connection point 30 measured by the power meter 8. Furthermore, the power management system 7 transmits a first power reception suppression request amount RQ1 and a second power reception suppression request amount RQ2 to the controller 6. The controller 6 acquires information on the first power reception suppression request amount RQ1 and the second power reception suppression request amount RQ2 and stores the information in the storage. More specifically, a planned value table is stored in the storage of the controller 6. The planned value table has a data set in which the time of each third unit time is associated with the received power planned value BL, the first power reception suppression request amount RQ1, and the second power reception suppression request amount RQ2 corresponding to each time. Each data item in the planned value table is expanded in increments of the third unit time and stored in the storage.

[0042] As described above, with regard to the first power receiving suppression request amount RQ1, the controller 6 acquires the value at time [n], which is the first unit time after time [n], at time [n]. Therefore, the planned value table at time [n] includes values ​​of the first power receiving suppression request amount RQ1 up to time [n+3].

[0043] The planned value table may include data indicating whether a differential power request is valid or invalid. By registering in advance in the power management system 7 the time period during which power adjustments are made in response to the differential power request, the power utilization equipment 1 can adjust power in response to the differential power request only within the registered time period. Even if a differential power request occurs outside the registered time period, the power utilization equipment 1 will not make the differential power request. The data indicating whether a differential power request is valid or invalid can be used to check whether a differential power request has occurred within the registered time period.

[0044] The controller 6 in this embodiment includes a target value generating unit 60, a power deviation calculating unit 61, a first command generating unit 62, a power deviation correcting unit 63, a set value generating unit 64, and a second command generating unit 65 as control blocks or control circuits to control the power output device 20 and the power converter 91 based on the above-mentioned DR request and differential power request.

[0045] First, a control system for the first command SC1 for the power converter 91 will be described. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the target value generation unit, power deviation calculation unit, and first command generation unit shown in FIG. 5. The target value generation unit 60 calculates the transfer power target value RPo by subtracting the first power reception suppression request amount RQ1 and the second power reception suppression request amount RQ2 from the received power planned value BL. Note that the differential power request at the reference time [n] suppresses the receiving of power by the first power reception suppression request amount RQ1[n+3] at the time [n+3] one unit time later, but as described above, is incorporated into the transfer power target value RPo at the reference time [n]. That is, the transfer power target value RPo at the reference time [n] is RPo=BL[n]-RQ2[n]-RQ1[n+3].

[0046] The power deviation calculation unit 61 calculates a first power deviation ΔRP by subtracting the measured power transmission / reception RP from a predetermined power transmission / reception target value RPo. As will be described later, the first power deviation ΔRP is a value obtained by adding a power correction value RPc calculated by the power deviation correction unit 63 to RPo-RP, but for the time being, the power correction value RPc is not taken into consideration.

[0047] The first command generating unit 62 generates a first command SC1 as a command value for the first output power to be output from the power converter 91 based on the first power deviation ΔRP calculated by the power deviation calculating unit 61. The first command SC1 is a power command value for charging / discharging the battery 92 so that the transferred power RP becomes the transferred power target value RPo.

[0048] FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the first command generating unit 62 shown in FIG. 6 . As shown in FIG. 7 , the first command generating unit 62 includes an inverter 621, an upper / lower limiter 622, and an integrator 623. The inverter 621 inverts the sign of the first power deviation ΔRP. Note that the inverter 621 may apply a predetermined gain when inverting the sign of the first power deviation ΔRP. The upper / lower limiter 622 applies a limit to the inverted first power deviation ΔRP. The value output by the upper / lower limiter 622 is limited to a predetermined range with respect to the first power deviation ΔRP. When the first power deviation ΔRP is positive, the upper / lower limiter 622 outputs a negative value, and when the first power deviation ΔRP is negative, the upper / lower limiter 622 outputs a positive value. The output of the upper / lower limiter 622 is integrated by the integrator 623, and the integrated value is output as the first command SC1.

[0049] The first command SC1 is defined to be a negative value when the battery 92 is to be charged, and a positive value when the battery 92 is to be discharged. Therefore, when the first power deviation ΔRP is a positive value, i.e., when the transfer power target value RPo is large relative to the transfer power RP, the first command generating unit 62 generates a first command SC1 of a negative value in order to increase the transfer power RP, and causes the battery 92 to be charged. On the other hand, when the first power deviation ΔRP is a negative value, i.e., when the transfer power target value RPo is small relative to the transfer power RP, the first command generating unit 62 generates a first command SC1 of a positive value in order to decrease the transfer power RP, and causes the battery 92 to be discharged.

[0050] It should be noted that the first command generating unit 62 is not limited to the example shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 8 is a block diagram showing another example configuration of the first command generating unit shown in Fig. 6. A first command generating unit 62B shown in Fig. 8 includes an anti-reset windup upper and lower limiter 624 and two subtractors 625, 626 in addition to the inverter 621, upper and lower limiter 622, and integrator 623 in the first command generating unit 62 shown in Fig. 7. Hereinafter, the upper and lower limiter 622, which is the same as the example in Fig. 7, will be referred to as the first limiter 622, and the anti-reset windup upper and lower limiter 624 will be referred to as the second limiter 624.

[0051] The output of the integrator 623 is input to a second limiter 624 and is limited to predetermined upper and lower limit values. The upper and lower limit values ​​of the second limiter 624 can be set independently of the upper and lower limit values ​​of the first limiter 622. The output of the second limiter 624 is output as a first command SC1. Furthermore, the output of the second limiter 624 is subtracted from the output of the integrator 623, i.e., the input of the second limiter 624, by a subtractor 625 and fed back to the input side of the integrator 623. The subtractor 626 subtracts the output of the subtractor 625 from the output of the first limiter 622. The output of the subtractor 626 is input to the integrator 623.

[0052] Upper and lower limits of the first command SC1 can be set based on the power conversion capability of the power converter 91. Upper and lower limits of the second limiter 624 are set according to the upper and lower limits. In the first command generating unit 62B, when the output of the integrator 623 exceeds the upper or lower limit of the second limiter 624, the integration operation in the direction beyond the upper or lower limit is stopped. As a result, when the manipulated variable based on the first power deviation ΔRP exceeds the upper or lower limit of the first command SC1, the manipulated variable output to the power converter 91 is limited, and the integrator 623 stops integrating in the direction beyond the upper or lower limit. As a result, even when the first power deviation ΔRP is reversed, the first command SC1 according to the first power deviation ΔRP can be output with high response speed.

[0053] Next, a control system for the second command SC2 for the power output device 20 will be described. Fig. 9 is a block diagram showing an example configuration of the second command generation unit shown in Fig. 5. With regard to the generation of the second command SC2, the power converter 91 feeds back to the controller 6 the value Pd of the first output power that is output based on the first command SC1. The second command generation unit 65 acquires the value Pd of the first output power sent from the power converter 91. The second command generation unit 65 generates a second command SC2 for adjusting the second output power output from the power output device 20 so that the acquired first output power becomes a predetermined set value Ps.

[0054] The second command generating unit 65 includes a subtractor 651 and a command selector 652. The subtractor 651 generates a second power deviation ΔP by subtracting the first output power value Pd from a set value Ps generated by the set value generating unit 64, which will be described later. The command selector 652 outputs a second command SC2 according to the second power deviation ΔP. The first output power value Pd takes a positive value when the first output power is based on discharging from the battery 92, and takes a negative value when the first output power is based on charging to the battery 92.

[0055] The second command SC2 generated by the second command generating unit 65 is a state command including an increase command SC2u, a decrease command SC2d, and a maintain command SC2m. In this specification, the state command is a command for putting the power output device 20 into one of an output increase state, an output decrease state, and an output maintain state, and is defined as a concept that does not include a specific power output target value.

[0056] The increase command SC2u is a command to the power output device 20 to increase the instantaneous value of the output power and bring it into an increased output state. For example, if the power output device 20 is a prime mover generator, the increase command SC2u is a command to the prime mover governor to increase the generated power. The decrease command SC2d is a command to the power output device 20 to decrease the instantaneous value of the output power and bring it into a reduced output state. For example, if the power output device 20 is a prime mover generator, the decrease command SC2d is a command to the prime mover governor to reduce the generated power. The maintain command SC2m is a command to the power output device 20 to maintain the instantaneous value of the output power and bring it into an output maintain state. For example, if the power output device 20 is a prime mover generator, the maintain command SC2m is a command to the prime mover governor to maintain the generated power.

[0057] Fig. 9 is a graph schematically illustrating a command generation mode in the command selector 652. As shown in Fig. 9, the command selector 652 generates a decrease command SC2d when the second power deviation ΔP is equal to or greater than a predetermined first threshold T1, and generates an increase command SC2u when the second power deviation ΔP is less than a second threshold T2 that is smaller than the first threshold T1. Furthermore, the command selector 652 generates a maintain command SC2m when the first power deviation ΔRP is equal to or greater than the second threshold T2 and less than the first threshold T1.

[0058] For example, the first threshold T1 is set to a predetermined positive value, and the second threshold T2 is set to a negative value of the same magnitude as the first threshold T1. Alternatively, the first threshold T1 may be set to a predetermined positive value, and the second threshold T2 may be set to a negative value of a different magnitude than the first threshold T1. Furthermore, when a predetermined offset value is applied to the second power deviation ΔP, the first threshold T1 and the second threshold T2 may both be positive values ​​or both be negative values.

[0059] The second command SC2 generated by the second command generating unit 65 is sent to each of the plurality of power output devices 20. At this time, the second command SC2 sent to each of the plurality of power output devices 20 is a common command. In other words, there is no need to customize the second command SC2 individually according to the output characteristics of the power output devices 20, etc.

[0060] The second command SC2 output from the second command generating unit 65 may be configured, for example, by pulses that are output continuously. In this case, the increase command SC2u is configured, for example, as a state in which output-increasing pulses, which are positive pulses, are output continuously. The decrease command SC2d is configured, for example, as a state in which output-decreasing pulses, which are negative pulses, are output continuously. The maintain command SC2m is configured, for example, as a state in which no pulses are output. Alternatively, three pulses with different pulse amplitudes or widths may be assigned to these state commands SC2u, SC2d, and SC2m.

[0061] Each power output device 20 that receives such a second command SC2 performs output control according to the content of the second command SC2. While receiving the increase command SC2u, the power output device 20 continues to increase the output. While receiving the decrease command SC2d, the power output device 20 continues to decrease the output. While receiving the maintain command SC2m, the power output device 20 continues to maintain the output. For example, if the power output device 20 is a generator, it adjusts the output of the governor according to the second command SC2.

[0062] At this time, each power output device 20 performs output control in accordance with its own responsiveness. For example, a power output device 20 with a fast response increases its output at a high rate in response to the increase command SC2u. A power output device 20 with a slow response increases its output at a low rate in response to the increase command SC2u. Therefore, even if the multiple power output devices 20 have different types of prime movers or different responsiveness, the controller 6 only needs to output a single common second command SC2 without considering the responsiveness of each power output device 20.

[0063] Here, the predetermined set value Ps, which is the reference for generating the second command SC2, is set to a value corresponding to the SOC of the battery 92. As described above, in this embodiment, the power converter 91 is actively controlled in accordance with fluctuations in the transferred power RP, and power adjustment is performed using the first output power of the power converter 91 by charging and discharging the battery 92. In order to always be able to adjust power by charging and discharging the battery 92, it is desirable to prevent the SOC of the battery 92 from deviating from the reference value. That is, for example, if the SOC becomes excessively high and thus becomes an overcharged state, charging of the battery 92 from the external power system 4 cannot be performed. Also, for example, if the SOC becomes excessively low and thus becomes an overdischarged state, discharging of the battery 92 to the external power system 4 cannot be performed.

[0064] Therefore, in this embodiment, the set value generation unit 64 generates a set value Ps that is the basis of the second power deviation ΔP, based on the detected SOC value SOCd detected by the state-of-charge detector 93. FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing an example configuration of the set value generation unit shown in FIG. 5. The set value generation unit 64 includes a subtractor 641 and a correction value calculation unit 642. The subtractor 641 calculates the SOC deviation ΔSOC by subtracting the detected SOC value SOCd from a predetermined SOC target value SOCo. The SOC target value SOCo is stored in advance in the storage of the controller 6.

[0065] The correction value calculation unit 642 calculates an SOC correction value SOCc from the SOC deviation ΔSOC. When the SOC deviation ΔSOC is equal to or greater than a predetermined first reference value R1, the correction value calculation unit 642 generates a charge correction value SOCcc for charging the battery 92 as the SOC correction value SOCc. When the SOC deviation ΔSOC is less than a predetermined second reference value R2 that is equal to or less than the first reference value R1, the correction value calculation unit 642 generates a discharge correction value SOCcd for discharging from the battery 92 as the SOC correction value SOCc. The charge correction value SOCcc is a negative value, and the discharge correction value SOCcd is a positive value. When the SOC deviation ΔSOC is equal to or greater than the second reference value R2 and less than the first reference value R1, the correction value calculation unit 642 outputs 0 as the SOC correction value SOCc. That is, in this case, no charging or discharging related to the SOC correction of the battery 92 is performed.

[0066] For example, the first reference value R1 may be set to a predetermined positive value, and the second reference value R2 may be set to a negative value of the same magnitude as the first reference value R1. Alternatively, the first reference value R1 may be set to a predetermined positive value, and the second reference value R2 may be set to a negative value of a different magnitude than the first reference value R1.

[0067] The correction value calculation unit 642 provides hysteresis characteristics between the first reference value R1 and the second reference value R2, which are thresholds for switching from a state in which 0 is output as the SOC correction value SOCc to outputting the charge correction value SOCcc or the discharge correction value SOCcd, and the third reference value R3 and the fourth reference value R4, which are thresholds for switching from a state in which the charge correction value SOCcc or the discharge correction value SOCcd is output as the SOC correction value SOCc to 0.

[0068] That is, the third reference value R3, which switches the SOC correction value SOCc to 0 when the charge correction value SOCcc is being output, is set to a value where the SOC deviation ΔSOC is greater than 0 and less than the first reference value R1. Similarly, the fourth reference value R4, which switches the SOC correction value SOCc to 0 when the discharge correction value SOCcd is being output, is set to a value where the SOC deviation ΔSOC is less than 0 and greater than the second reference value R2. This prevents the SOC correction value SOCc from being frequently switched, enabling stable control. However, the correction value calculation unit 642 does not necessarily have to have hysteresis characteristics when switching the SOC correction value SOCc.

[0069] As described above, the positive and negative signs of the first command SC1 and the first output power are defined to be negative when the battery 92 is charged and positive when the battery 92 is discharged. The positive and negative signs of the second command SC2 are defined to be positive when the power output device 20 outputs power to the external power grid 4. Therefore, the SOC correction value SOCc, whose positive and negative signs are determined based on the charging and discharging of the battery 92, and the second command SC2, whose positive and negative signs are determined based on the output direction of the power output device 20, have the same sign. Therefore, the set value generator 64 generates the SOC correction value SOCc as the set value Ps without any change. Note that the set value Ps may be a value obtained by multiplying the SOC correction value SOCc by a predetermined gain.

[0070] The set value Ps generated in this manner is input to the second command generating unit 65. For example, when the SOC correction value SOCc is the charge correction value SOCcc, the set value Ps becomes a negative value. As a result, the second command SC2 becomes more likely to become an increase command SC2u, or the second command SC2 becomes less likely to become a decrease command SC2d. This promotes the second output power from the power output device 20 with respect to the transferred power RP. As a result, the transferred power RP, in which the side receiving power from the external power system 4 to the power utilization facility 1 is positive, becomes more likely to be lower than the transferred power target value RPo. Therefore, the first command generating unit 62 becomes more likely to generate a first command SC1 that charges the battery 92 regardless of fluctuations in the transferred power target value RPo, and the battery 92 is charged.

[0071] On the other hand, when the SOC correction value SOCc is the discharge correction value SOCcd, the set value Ps becomes a positive value. As a result, the second command SC2 becomes more likely to become a decrease command SC2d, or the second command SC2 becomes less likely to become an increase command SC2u. This causes the second output power from the power output device 20 to be suppressed with respect to the transferred power RP. This makes it more likely that the transferred power RP will exceed the transferred power target value RPo. Therefore, the first command generator 62 becomes more likely to generate a first command SC1 that discharges the battery 92 of the transferred power RP, regardless of fluctuations in the transferred power target value RPo, and the battery 92 is discharged.

[0072] In the present embodiment, when the SOC correction value SOCc is zero, the set value generating unit 64 sets the set value Ps to zero. That is, when the SOC of the battery 92 is within an appropriate range that is equal to or greater than the second reference value R2 and less than the first reference value R1, the second command generating unit 65 generates a second command SC2 to adjust the second output power output from the power output device 20 so that the first output power becomes zero.

[0073] Fig. 11 is a schematic graph showing a case where power transmission / reception control according to this embodiment is performed in the demand response shown in Fig. 3. In Fig. 11, the power reception plan value BL and the second power reception suppression request amount RQ2 requested by the power management system 7 are the same as those in Fig. 3. Also in Fig. 11, as in Fig. 3, the actual demand RL, which is the power required by the power utilization facility 1 during the DR request period TDR, is greater than the power reception plan value BL.

[0074] According to the above configuration, the first output power of the power converter 91 is controlled by charging and discharging the battery 92 in accordance with the first power deviation ΔRP of the transfer power RP from the transfer power target value RPo. Furthermore, the second output power of the power output device 20 is adjusted so that the fluctuation in the first output power of the power converter 91 is borne by the power output device 20 instead of the battery 92.

[0075] For example, when the actual demand RL in the power utilization facility 1 increases compared to the received power plan value BL, the first output power from the power converter 91 increases as a result of the battery 92 discharging to compensate for the increased power. Furthermore, the second output power from the power output device 20 increases to bear the increase in the first output power from the power converter 91 in place of the battery 92. As a result, in Fig. 11, the power borne by the power output device 20 during the DR request period TDR relative to the received power plan value BL becomes power RQc, which is the sum of the second received power suppression request amount RQ2 and the deviation of the actual demand RL from the received power plan value BL. The amount of power at this time is indicated by the shaded area in Fig. 11.

[0076] On the other hand, the first power reception suppression request amount RQ1, in which the transmitted and received power RP is evaluated in shorter time units, may not be able to be handled by the response speed of the power output device 20 alone, and is therefore borne by the battery 92, which has a fast response speed. Therefore, it is possible to handle power fluctuations with a fast response speed that the power output device 20 alone cannot handle.

[0077] As a result, in the power utilization facility 1 equipped with the power output device 20, the power RP exchanged with the external power system 4 of the power utilization facility 1 can be made to respond to various demands and supply requests with a simple configuration without considering the responsiveness of the power output device 20. Furthermore, as the power output device 20 ultimately bears the power fluctuations to which it can respond, the storage capacity of the battery 92 can be kept to a minimum necessary in consideration of the response speed of the power output device 20, fluctuations in the load 5 connected to the power utilization facility 1, the planned received power value BL, etc.

[0078] Furthermore, the only wattmeter-side point required to realize the control in this embodiment is the connection point 30 that measures the transmitted and received power RP, and power measurement at other locations is not required. Therefore, the control in this embodiment can be easily applied to existing power utilization equipment 1 without performing additional facility construction or the like.

[0079] Furthermore, as is clear from FIG. 11, according to the above configuration, by increasing or decreasing the power output from the storage battery 92 in accordance with the first power deviation ΔRP of the transferred power RP from the transferred power target value RPo, the transferred power RP can be maintained at the transferred power target value RPo regardless of the load fluctuation state in the power utilization facility 1.

[0080] Furthermore, even though a plurality of power output devices 20 are connected to the external power system 4 via the connection points 30, there is no need to measure the output power of each power output device 20 individually, which simplifies the system configuration in the power utilization facility 1. Furthermore, as described above, the second command SC2 for the power output devices 20 is simply an increase command SC2u, a decrease command SC2d, or a maintenance command SC2m, and the controller 6 does not need to make control adjustments taking into account the responsiveness of the power output devices 20, etc.

[0081] In response to such a second command SC2, power output devices 20 with a fast response speed respond quickly, and power output devices 20 with a slow response speed respond slowly. Therefore, even if multiple power output devices 20 with different responsiveness are provided, the output power can be automatically shared among the multiple power output devices 20 according to their responsiveness. In other words, multiple power output devices 20 with different responsiveness can be connected to the external power system 4 via a common connection point 30, and the power sharing can be easily adjusted. As the multiple power output devices 20 with different responsiveness, different types of generators may be connected, or a combination of generators, storage batteries, or fuel cells may be connected.

[0082] Furthermore, if there are multiple power output devices 20, for example, a power output device with little spare capacity that outputs close to the rated capacity, and a power output device with a lot of spare capacity, the power output device with little spare capacity will not output more power than the rated capacity in response to the increase command SC2u, so that the output power burden on the power output device with the most spare capacity can be automatically increased.

[0083] As described above, according to this embodiment, in a power utilization facility 1 equipped with a power output device 20, it is possible to appropriately control the power RP transmitted and received from the power utilization facility 1 to and from the external power system 4 so that it becomes the power transmission and reception target value RPo with a simple configuration and without taking into consideration the responsiveness of the power output device 20.

[0084] Furthermore, the second command generating unit 65 does not need to acquire the output power of each power output device 20 or the power consumption of the load in order to generate the second command SC2. That is, the power utilization facility 1 in this embodiment does not need a configuration for individually measuring the output power of the power output device 20 or measuring the power consumption of the load. This simplifies the system configuration of the power utilization facility 1. Furthermore, even if it becomes necessary to change the device configuration of the power utilization facility 1, this can be accommodated without changing the control.

[0085] Furthermore, by changing the set value Ps, which serves as a reference for adjusting the second output power from the power output device 20, in accordance with the value of the SOC of the battery 92, the second output power is adjusted so that the power transferred RP at the connection point 30 satisfies each required component for the power reception plan value BL and the SOC of the battery 92 approaches the SOC target value SOCo. This makes it possible to maintain the SOC of the battery 92 within a predetermined range based on the SOC target value SOCo. Therefore, it is possible to continue power adjustment using the battery 92 without using a separate device for charging and discharging the battery 92. This also makes it possible to reduce the storage capacity of the battery 92.

[0086] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the SOC deviation ΔSOC is equal to or greater than the second reference value R2 and less than the first reference value R1, the set value generating unit 64 outputs 0 as the SOC correction value SOCc. In other words, even if the SOC deviation ΔSOC is not 0, the set value Ps, which is the reference for the second output power, is not corrected. By creating such a dead band in which the set value Ps is not corrected, frequent charging and discharging related to the SOC correction of the battery 92 can be suppressed.

[0087] In this embodiment, the second command generator 65 generates a maintain command SC2m when the second power deviation ΔP is equal to or greater than the second threshold T2 and less than the first threshold T1. That is, even if the second power deviation ΔP is not zero, the output power output from the power output device 20 is maintained. By creating such a dead band where neither an increase command nor a decrease command is issued, frequent changes in the output power from the power output device 20 can be suppressed.

[0088] On the other hand, if the second power deviation ΔP is maintained between the first threshold value T1 and the second threshold value T2, the second power deviation ΔP will continue to remain. The remaining second power deviation ΔP will continue to be borne by the battery 92. Therefore, the controller 6 performs control based not only on the transferred power RP but also on the amount of transferred power. More specifically, the power deviation correction unit 63 of the controller 6 generates a power correction value based on the amount of transferred power and corrects the first power deviation ΔRP using the power correction value RPc. In this case, the first power deviation ΔRP is RPo+RPc-RP.

[0089] Fig. 12 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the power deviation correction unit shown in Fig. 5. As shown in Fig. 12, the power deviation correction unit 63 includes a power amount deviation calculation unit 631 and a correction value generation unit 632. The power amount deviation calculation unit 631 calculates the transfer power amount RE obtained by integrating the transfer power RP and the transfer power amount target value REo obtained by integrating the transfer power target value RPo, and calculates the power amount deviation ΔRE of the transfer power amount RE from the transfer power amount target value REo.

[0090] In this embodiment, power amount deviation calculation unit 631 includes transfer power amount calculation unit 633 and transfer power amount target value calculation unit 634. Transfer power amount calculation unit 633 calculates transfer power amount RE by integrating measured transfer power RP. Transfer power amount target value calculation unit 634 calculates transfer power amount target value REo by integrating transfer power target value RPo. Transfer power amount calculation unit 633 and transfer power amount target value calculation unit 634 both include integrators. That is, transfer power amount calculation unit 633 integrates transfer power RP, which is an input instantaneous value. Similarly, transfer power amount target value calculation unit 634 integrates transfer power target value RPo, which is an input instantaneous value.

[0091] The power amount deviation calculation unit 631 calculates the power amount deviation ΔRE by subtracting the power amount RE to be transferred from the power amount target value REo. The correction value generation unit 632 generates a power correction value RPc from the power amount deviation ΔRE. More specifically, when the power amount deviation ΔRE is equal to or greater than a predetermined first reference value C1, the correction value generation unit 632 generates a power correction value RPc such that the first power deviation ΔRP increases, and when the power amount deviation ΔRE is less than a second reference value C2 that is smaller than the first reference value C1, the correction value generation unit 632 generates a power correction value RPc such that the first power deviation ΔRP decreases. In this embodiment, the first reference value C1 is set to a predetermined positive value, and the second reference value C2 is set to a negative value having the same magnitude as the first reference value C1.

[0092] For example, when the second power deviation ΔP is maintained at a value greater than 0 and smaller than the first threshold value T1, the power amount deviation ΔRE monotonically increases within the second unit time. When the power amount deviation ΔRE exceeds the first reference value C1, the correction value generator 632 generates a power correction value RPc that increases the first power deviation ΔRP. For example, a predetermined positive offset value Pch is provided as the power correction value RPc. The magnitude of the offset value Pch is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, equal to or greater than the first threshold value T1.

[0093] As the first power deviation ΔRP increases, the first output power of the power converter 91, which is output based on the first command SC1, becomes more likely to become negative. As a result, the second power deviation ΔP exceeds the first threshold T1, or becomes more likely to exceed it. Therefore, the second command generator 65 outputs, or becomes more likely to output, a decrease command SC2d. As a result, the first power deviation ΔRP decreases.

[0094] The same applies when the second power deviation ΔP is maintained at a value smaller than 0 and smaller than the second threshold value T2. When the power amount deviation ΔRE falls below the second reference value C2, the correction value generator 632 generates a power correction value RPc that reduces the first power deviation ΔRP. For example, a predetermined negative offset value Pcl is provided as the power correction value RPc.

[0095] As the first power deviation ΔRP decreases, the first output power of the power converter 91, which is output based on the first command SC1, tends to become a positive value. As a result, the second power deviation ΔP falls below the second threshold T2, or tends to fall below it. Therefore, the second command generator 65 outputs, or tends to output, the increase command SC2u. As a result, the first power deviation ΔRP increases.

[0096] According to this configuration, by adding a power correction value RPc based on the amount of transferred power RE to the first power deviation ΔRP based on the measured transferred power RP, it is possible to correct the accumulation of minute deviations that may occur when only the instantaneous value of the transferred power RP is controlled. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately control the amount of transferred power RE per second unit time used to evaluate or determine the achievement rate of the demand response so that it becomes the target amount of transferred power REo. This makes it possible to increase the achievement rate of the demand response.

[0097] In this embodiment, the correction value generation unit 632 sets the power correction value RPc to 0 when the power amount deviation ΔRE is equal to or greater than the second reference value C2 and less than the first reference value C1. That is, in this case, no correction based on the power amount is performed. Furthermore, the correction value generation unit 632 provides hysteresis characteristics between the first reference value C1 and the second reference value C2, which are thresholds for switching from a state in which 0 is output as the power correction value RPc to outputting predetermined offset values ​​Pch, Pcl, and the third reference value C3 and the fourth reference value C4, which are thresholds for switching from a state in which the predetermined offset values ​​Pch, Pcl are output as the power correction value RPc to 0.

[0098] That is, the third reference value C3, which switches the power correction value RPc to 0 when a positive offset value Pch is being output, is set to a value where the power amount deviation ΔRE is greater than 0 and is smaller than the first reference value C1. Similarly, the fourth reference value C4, which switches the power correction value RPc to 0 when a negative offset value Pcl is being output, is set to a value where the power amount deviation ΔRE is less than 0 and is greater than the second reference value C2. This prevents the power correction value RPc from being switched frequently, enabling stable control. However, the correction value generation unit 632 does not need to have a hysteresis characteristic when switching the power correction value RPc.

[0099] [Simulation Results] The following shows the results of a simulation of the control mode in this embodiment. In this simulation, as an example, in the configuration shown in Fig. 1, power output device 20 was used as a generator, and each value was set as follows. Generator rated output: 7500kW Storage battery rated output: 500kW Power fluctuations at load: fluctuates between 6500kW and 12000kW First power reception suppression request amount: Fluctuates between 0kW and 1000kW - Planned power receiving value: Constant at 5500kW Target power output: Fluctuates between 4500kW and 5500kW

[0100] Fig. 16 is a graph showing load power fluctuations in one simulation. Fig. 17 is a graph showing changes in the first power reception suppression request amount in this simulation. Fig. 18 is a graph showing changes in the target value of power transmission and reception in this simulation.

[0101] In this simulation, the change in the transmission / reception power target value RPo is only due to the fluctuation in the first power reception suppression request amount RQ1. As described above, the transmission / reception power RP is a positive value when the power utilization facility 1 receives power supply from the external power grid 4. The first power reception suppression request amount RQ1 indicates the amount by which the transmission / reception power RP is reduced relative to the power reception power plan value BL. Therefore, the graph of the transmission / reception power target value RPo in this simulation is obtained by subtracting the first power reception suppression request amount RQ1 from the power reception power plan value BL, as shown in Figure 18.

[0102] A simulation was performed in which the transfer power RP was made to follow such changes in the transfer power target value RPo using the control mode of this embodiment. FIG. 19 is a graph showing changes in the transfer power when this simulation was performed in the example. FIG. 20 is a graph showing changes in the transfer power when this simulation was performed in the comparative example. The graph of the comparative example in FIG. 20 shows the results of a similar simulation performed for a configuration of the example that does not include the battery 92, i.e., a case in which power adjustment is performed using only the second output power from the generator, which is the power output device 20. Note that the transfer power RP_e shown in FIG. 19 and the transfer power RP_c shown in FIG. 20 are both graphs of average values ​​every five minutes.

[0103] As described above, a tolerance TI is set for the differential power request, which is an example of the first power reception suppression request amount RQ1. When the tolerance TI is set within a range of 100 kW above and below the differential power request, an upper limit UL and a lower limit LL are set for the target power transmission / reception value RPo, as shown in Figures 19 and 20. Note that, similar to the graph in Figure 4, the graphs in Figures 19 and 20 set the upper limit UL of the differential power request as the minimum allowable value for the power transmission / reception RP, and the lower limit LL of the differential power request as the maximum allowable value for the power transmission / reception RP. The power utilization facility 1 is required to keep the power transmission / reception RP within the tolerance TI between the upper limit UL and lower limit LL, which are determined according to the target power transmission / reception value RPo.

[0104] As shown in Fig. 20, in the simulation results for the comparative example, the transmitted / received power RP_c is just within the tolerance TI. However, there are occasions where the transmitted / received power RP_c noticeably deviates from the transmitted / received power target value RPo, for example, around 185 minutes after the start of the simulation. Therefore, if the load fluctuation is larger than that shown in Fig. 16, there is a risk that the tolerance TI will be exceeded.

[0105] 19, the simulation results for the example show that the transmitted / received power RP_e follows the transmitted / received power target value RPo with almost no deviation. Therefore, in this example, even if the load fluctuation becomes larger, it is estimated that it can be handled within the tolerance TI.

[0106] As described above, according to the control mode of the power utilization equipment 1 in the above embodiment, it is possible to make the power RP transmitted and received by the power utilization equipment 1 with respect to the external power system 4 correspond to various supply and demand requirements, including the first power reception suppression request amount RQ1, which is a power fluctuation over a shorter period of time.

[0107] [Other embodiments] From the above description, many improvements and other embodiments of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the above description should be construed as illustrative only and is provided for the purpose of teaching those skilled in the art how to carry out the present disclosure. Details of the structure or function thereof can be substantially changed without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure.

[0108] For example, in the above embodiment, an example was given of a case where the first power reception suppression request amount RQ1 and the second power reception suppression request amount RQ2 are both amounts that suppress the power supplied from the external power system 4 to the power utilization equipment 1 relative to the power reception power plan value BL, but even if the first power reception suppression request amount RQ1 or the second power reception suppression request amount RQ2 is an amount that increases the power reception relative to the power reception power plan value BL, it can be similarly controlled using the configuration in the above embodiment.

[0109] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the control mode when power is supplied from the external power system 4 to the power utilization facility 1, i.e., the control mode of the received power, is exemplified, but the above embodiment can also be applied to the control mode when the output power of the power output device 20 of the power utilization facility 1 is supplied to the external power system 4, i.e., the control mode of the sold power.

[0110] There is a transaction in which the power output device 20 generates more power than the power demand of the power utilization facility 1 and sells the surplus power to the electric power utility by flowing the surplus power back to the grid. In this case, it is necessary to flow the power sales plan value, which is the power planned in advance with the electric power utility, back to the grid.

[0111] Even in such a case, in order to appropriately control the power RP exchanged with the external power grid 4 in response to changes in the power supplied to the load 5, in other words, to prevent deviation from the power selling plan value, it becomes necessary to control the output power of the power output device 20 according to the condition of the load 5. In other words, the control of the power sold in the power utilization facility 1 also poses the same issues as the control of the power received in response to a DR request.

[0112] For example, if the above configuration is used as is and the transferred power is sold power, the same control can be performed by treating the transferred power RP as a negative value. Fig. 13 is a graph showing a case where the output power of the power output device is sold in this embodiment. As with the graph of Fig. 2, the demand power, i.e., the received power, is a positive value, and the sold power is a negative value.

[0113] In the graph of FIG. 13, the transferred power RP is the power to be sold that is supplied to the external power grid 4, and therefore remains a negative value. The graph of FIG. 13 illustrates a case in which a power sales request of a power sales request amount RQ2 is made from an electricity retailer or the like during a period TS. In this case, the transferred power target value RPo during the period TS is the power sales target value RQ2, which is the power sales request amount per second unit time. That is, RPo = RQ2 (< 0). Therefore, the first power deviation ΔRP output from the power deviation calculation unit 61 is ΔRP = RQ2 - RP (RQ2, RP < 0). The first command generation unit 62 generates a first command SC1 according to this first power deviation ΔRP.

[0114] With the above configuration, the transmitted and received power RP is controlled to coincide with the transmitted and received power target value RPo, which is equal to the power sale power target value RQ2. Furthermore, the second command generating unit 65 adjusts the second output power output from the power output device 20 so that the first output power becomes a predetermined set value Ps. Therefore, the power transmitted and received from the power utilization facility 1 to the external power system 4 can be adapted to various supply and demand requirements. Also in this case, the power deviation correcting unit 63 corrects the first power deviation ΔRP based on the amount of power, thereby achieving more appropriate control.

[0115] As described above, in the above embodiment, the same control mode can be used for both cases where the power exchanged at the connection point 30 is supplied from the external power grid 4, i.e., where it takes a positive value, and where the power is supplied to the external power grid 4, i.e., where it takes a negative value. Therefore, the present invention can be applied to a power utilization facility 1 in which the received power takes both a positive and a negative value, for example, where power is sold at night and received during the day.

[0116] Similar control can be performed by setting the value of the power transferred at the connection point 30 to a positive value when power is supplied to the external power system 4 and a negative value when power is supplied from the external power system 4.

[0117] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the first threshold T1 and the second threshold T2 are set to different values, but the first threshold T1 and the second threshold T2 may be set to the same value, for example, 0. In this case, the second command generator 65 generates a decrease command SC2d as the second command SC2 when the second threshold T1 is equal to or greater than the common threshold, and generates an increase command SC2u when the second command SC2 is less than the common threshold. In other words, a maintain command SC2m is not generated.

[0118] Similarly, in the above embodiment, the correction value generation unit 632 sets the power correction value RPc to 0 and does not perform correction when the power amount deviation ΔRE is equal to or greater than the second reference value C2 and less than the first reference value C1, but this is not limiting. For example, the first reference value C1 and the second reference value C2 may be set to the same value. In this case, the power deviation correction unit 63 always outputs a significant power correction value RPc (≠ 0).

[0119] Alternatively, the first reference value C1 and the second reference value C2 may be set to different values, with a hysteresis characteristic therebetween. Fig. 14 is a diagram showing another example of the input / output relationship of the correction value generation unit shown in Fig. 12. Of the components shown in Fig. 12, Fig. 14 shows only the correction value generation unit 632B, but the other components of the power deviation correction unit 63 are the same as the components shown in Fig. 12.

[0120] 14 outputs either a positive offset value Pch or a negative offset value Pcl depending on the value of the input power amount deviation ΔRE. When the power amount deviation ΔRE becomes less than a second reference value C2 that is less than 0 while the correction value generation unit 632B is outputting the positive offset value Pch, the correction value generation unit 632B switches the output power correction value RPc to the negative offset value Pcl. Furthermore, when the power amount deviation ΔRE becomes equal to or greater than a first reference value C1 that is greater than 0 while the correction value generation unit 632B is outputting the negative offset value Pcl, the correction value generation unit 632B switches the output power correction value RPc to the positive offset value Pch.

[0121] Even with this configuration, it is possible to prevent the power correction value RPc from being frequently switched, and to perform stable control.

[0122] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the first reference value R1 and the second reference value R2 for calculating the SOC correction value SOCc are set to different values. However, the first reference value R1 and the second reference value R2 may be set to the same value (e.g., 0). In this case, the correction value calculation unit 642 outputs the charge correction value SOCcc as the SOC correction value SOCc when the SOC correction value SOCc is equal to or greater than a common threshold, and outputs the discharge correction value SOCcd when the SOC correction value SOCc is less than the common threshold. In other words, the SOC correction value SOCc never becomes 0.

[0123] Alternatively, the first reference value R1 and the second reference value R2 may be set to different values, with a hysteresis characteristic therebetween. Fig. 15 is a diagram showing another example of the input / output relationship of the correction value calculation unit shown in Fig. 10. Of the components shown in Fig. 10, Fig. 15 shows only the correction value calculation unit 642B, but the other components of the setting value generation unit 64 are the same as those shown in Fig. 10.

[0124] 15 outputs either a charge correction value SOCcc or a discharge correction value SOCcd depending on the value of the input SOC deviation ΔSOC. When the SOC deviation ΔSOC becomes less than a second reference value R2 that is less than 0 while outputting a positive charge correction value SOCcc, the correction value calculation unit 642B switches the output SOC correction value SOCc to a negative discharge correction value SOCcd. Furthermore, when the SOC deviation ΔSOC becomes equal to or greater than a first reference value R1 that is greater than 0 while outputting a negative discharge correction value SOCcd, the correction value calculation unit 642B switches the output SOC correction value SOCc to a positive charge correction value SOCcc.

[0125] This configuration also prevents the SOC correction value SOCc from frequently switching, enabling stable control.

[0126] In the above embodiment, the power amount deviation calculation unit 631 calculates the amount of power transferred RE from the amount of power transferred RP, calculates the target value of the amount of power transferred REo from the target value of power transferred RPo, and generates the power amount deviation ΔRE by subtracting the amount of power transferred RE from the target value of the amount of power transferred REo. Alternatively, the power amount deviation calculation unit 631 may calculate the power amount deviation ΔRE by integrating the value obtained by subtracting the amount of power transferred RP from the target value of power transferred RPo.

[0127] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the power output device 20 outputs power based on the second command SC2 corresponding to the second power deviation ΔP. However, the power output device 20 may be controlled based on other control signals in addition to the second command SC2 corresponding to the second power deviation ΔP. For example, the controller 6 or another controller may calculate and set a load distribution that minimizes fuel costs, and input a control command to the power output device 20 to achieve such load distribution. When the power output device 20 is being controlled based on such a control command and further receives an increase command SC2u from the controller 6, the power output device 20 may further increase the current output power.

[0128] The control mode in the above embodiment may be applied only during a DR request period TDR, which is set in advance as a period during which a DR request is made. The control mode may not be performed at other times. That is, the power utilization facility 1 may be configured to be able to switch between the control mode in the above embodiment and other control modes as appropriate. In this case, for periods other than the DR request period TDR and the valid period of the differential power request, the output power of the power output device 20 may be set using an operation pattern that optimizes fuel costs, etc. Alternatively, the power converter 91 may be controlled using the first command SC1 and the power utilization facility 1 may be controlled using the second command SC2 regardless of whether the DR request period TDR is in effect. Furthermore, the power converter 91 may be controlled using the first command SC1 and the power utilization facility 1 may be controlled using the second command SC2 regardless of whether the differential power request is in effect.

[0129] In the above embodiment, an example has been given in which the first command generating unit 62 and the second command generating unit 65 are included in one controller 6, but the first controller may include the first command generating unit 62, and a second controller different from the first controller may include the second command generating unit 65. The other components of the controller 6, i.e., the target value generating unit 60, the power deviation calculating unit 61, the power deviation correcting unit 63, or the set value generating unit 64, may each be included in either the first controller or the second controller, or may be included in a third controller different from these controllers.

[0130] Furthermore, the number of power output devices 20 connected to the external power system 4 via the connection point 30 may be one or two or more. As described above, the power output device 20 connected to the external power system 4 via the connection point 30 may be various power output devices such as a generator or a storage battery. When a storage battery is used as the power output device 20, it is possible to not only generate power but also charge the storage battery that is the power output device 20. When multiple power output devices 20 are connected to the external power system 4 via the connection point 30, power output devices 20 having similar responsiveness may be connected, or power output devices 20 having different responsiveness may be connected.

[0131] Furthermore, a power generation facility independent of the controller 6 may be connected to the external power grid 4 via the connection point 30. Such a power generation facility is, for example, a power generation facility that uses renewable energy, such as a solar power generation facility. Such a power generation facility cannot adjust its generated power, and therefore is not subject to control by the controller 6. Note that renewable energy refers to natural energy such as solar, hydroelectric, wind, and geothermal. Furthermore, even if the power output device is capable of adjusting the generated power by the controller 6, such as a prime mover generator, there may be a power output device that is not subject to control by the controller 6.

[0132] There is no particular limitation on the capacitor 92 connected to the power converter 91. For example, the capacitor 92 may be a secondary battery or a capacitor.

[0133] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, an example has been given in which the set value generating unit 64 sets the set value Ps so as to maintain the SOC of the battery 92 within a predetermined range, but the set value generating unit 64 may set a predetermined fixed value, such as 0, as the set value Ps without considering the SOC of the battery 92. In that case, for example, the power utilization facility 1 may be provided with a separate charge / discharge system that charges / discharges the battery 92 so as to maintain the SOC of the battery 92 within a predetermined range. This charge / discharge system may operate under a control system separate from the control system based on the first command SC1 and the second command SC2.

[0134] It should be noted that the functions of the elements disclosed herein can be performed using circuits or processing circuits, including general-purpose processors, special-purpose processors, integrated circuits, ASICs (Application Specific Integrated Circuits), conventional circuits, or combinations thereof, configured or programmed to perform the disclosed functions. A processor is considered a processing circuit or circuit because it includes transistors and other circuitry. In this specification, a circuit, unit, or means (...part) is hardware that performs the recited functions or hardware that is programmed to perform the recited functions. The hardware may be hardware disclosed herein or other known hardware that is programmed or configured to perform the recited functions. Where the hardware is a processor, which is considered a type of circuit, the circuit, unit, or means is a combination of hardware and software, and the software is used to configure the hardware or processor.

[0135] Summary of this disclosure An electric power utilization facility according to one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises at least one electric power output device that exchanges electric power with an external electric power system via a connection point, an electric power meter that measures the electric power exchanged at the connection point, a power converter connected to the external electric power system via the connection point, an electric storage device connected to the electric power converter, and a controller that controls the electric power output device and the electric power converter, wherein the controller generates an electric power exchange target value based on an electric power exchange request value, calculates a first power deviation by subtracting the electric power exchange from the electric power exchange target value, controls a first output power from the electric power converter by charging and discharging the electric storage device based on the first power deviation so that the electric power exchange becomes the electric power exchange target value, and adjusts a second output power output from the electric power output device so that the first output power becomes a predetermined set value.

[0136] According to the above configuration, the first output power of the power converter is controlled by charging and discharging the battery in accordance with the first power deviation of the power to be transmitted and received from the target power value. Furthermore, the second output power of the power output device is adjusted so that the power output device absorbs fluctuations in the first output power of the power converter instead of the battery. Therefore, it is possible to accommodate power fluctuations with a fast response speed that cannot be handled by the power output device alone. This allows a power utilization facility equipped with a power output device to respond to various supply and demand requests for power transmitted and received from an external power system of the power utilization facility with a simple configuration without considering the responsiveness of the power output device. Furthermore, because the power output device absorbs power fluctuations to which it can respond, the storage capacity of the battery can be minimized in consideration of the response speed of the power output device, fluctuations in the load connected to the power utilization facility, the planned value of received power, and the like.

[0137] According to the above configuration of the present disclosure, the above problems that cannot be solved by Patent Documents 1 and 2 can be solved.

[0138] For example, in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, when a DR request is made in a system equipped with a storage battery, a received power bias value is added to the actual received power to calculate a virtual received power during negawatt trading, and a command value for the system output to be output from the storage battery is generated based on the virtual received power instead of the actual received power.

[0139] However, in Patent Document 1, it becomes necessary to switch the control mode depending on whether or not a DR request is made. Also, in Patent Document 1, a power value that becomes a command value for the system output output from the storage battery is calculated. Therefore, it becomes necessary to measure the current value of the system output. Therefore, in a power utilization facility equipped with multiple power output devices, it becomes necessary to measure each output value and calculate each command value.

[0140] Furthermore, when the embodiment of Patent Document 1 is applied to an electric power utilization facility that uses a generator such as a prime mover generator instead of a storage battery, it becomes necessary to set a command value that takes into account the responsiveness of the prime mover generator, which has a slow response, when calculating a command value for the system output. If the responsiveness is not taken into account, the generator output will not be able to follow the command value, and there is a risk of control diverging. Furthermore, in an electric power utilization facility that includes multiple power output devices with different characteristics, it becomes necessary to take into account the responsiveness of each device, and it is not easy to apply the embodiment of Patent Document 1 to such a system.

[0141] In this regard, Patent Document 2 discloses a control method that takes into account the characteristics of each of multiple generators, but the need to control the multiple generators individually remains, and it becomes necessary to design control parameters for each generator.

[0142] As described above, the control modes of Patent Documents 1 and 2 cannot be easily applied to the control of power utilization facilities equipped with various types of power output devices. Furthermore, the above-described problems can arise not only in the control of power output devices in response to DR requests, but also in various control situations of power output devices, such as power sales.

[0143] In contrast, with the above-described configuration of the present disclosure, there is no need to switch the control mode depending on whether or not a DR request is made. Furthermore, there is no need to measure the current value of the system output, and there is no need to individually control multiple power output devices. Nevertheless, the power supplied to and received from the power utilization facility and the external power grid can be made to meet various supply and demand requirements, such as power supply and demand requirements in a shorter unit of time, such as those called tertiary control capability-2.

[0144] The system may further include a state-of-charge detector for detecting the state of charge of the battery, and the controller may generate a state-of-charge correction value based on a state-of-charge deviation obtained by subtracting the detected state of charge value from a predetermined state-of-charge target value, and set the predetermined set value to a value corresponding to the state-of-charge correction value. A set value serving as a reference for adjusting the second output power from the power output device is changed according to the state-of-charge value of the battery, thereby adjusting the second output power so that the power transferred at the connection point satisfies each required component and the state of charge of the battery approaches the state-of-charge target value. This makes it possible to maintain the state of charge of the battery within a predetermined range based on the state-of-charge target value. Therefore, power adjustment using the battery can be continued without using a separate device for charging and discharging the battery.

[0145] The controller may generate, as the state of charge correction value, a charge correction value for charging the capacitor when the state of charge deviation is equal to or greater than a predetermined first reference value; generate, as the state of charge correction value, a discharge correction value for discharging from the capacitor when the state of charge deviation is less than a second reference value that is less than the first reference value; set the state of charge correction value to zero when the state of charge deviation is within a predetermined range that is equal to or greater than the second reference value and less than the first reference value; and set the predetermined setting value to zero when the state of charge correction value is zero.

[0146] The controller may calculate an amount of transferred power obtained by integrating the transferred power and the target value of transferred power, calculate a deviation of the amount of transferred power from the target value of transferred power, generate a power correction value based on the deviation of the amount of transferred power, and correct the first power deviation by adding the power correction value to the first power deviation. With this configuration, by adding the power correction value based on the amount of transferred power to the first power deviation based on the measured transferred power, it is possible to correct the accumulation of minute deviations that may occur when only the instantaneous value of transferred power is controlled.

[0147] The controller may generate a decrease command to decrease the second output power when a second power deviation obtained by subtracting the first output power from the set value is equal to or greater than a predetermined first threshold, generate an increase command to increase the second output power when the second power deviation is less than a second threshold that is smaller than the first threshold, and generate a maintain command to maintain the second output power when the second power deviation is equal to or greater than the second threshold and less than the first threshold.

[0148] As a result, by adding a maintain command to the decrease command and the increase command as commands for the second output power, the second output power of the power output device can be further stabilized.

[0149] The power transfer request value may include a first power reception suppression request amount requesting a change in output within a predetermined first unit time and a second power reception suppression request amount for each second unit time shorter than the first unit time, and the controller may calculate the received power target value by subtracting the first power reception suppression request amount and the second power reception suppression request amount from a received power plan value predetermined for each second unit time for each of the first unit time and a third unit time shorter than the second unit time. The transferred power target value may include a sold power target value for each predetermined second unit time.

[0150] A controller according to another aspect of the present disclosure is a controller that controls the power output device and the power converter in a power utilization facility that includes at least one power output device that exchanges power with an external power system via a connection point, a power meter that measures the exchange power at the connection point, a power converter connected to the external power system via the connection point, and a storage battery connected to the power converter, and generates an exchange power target value based on the power exchange request value, calculates a first power deviation by subtracting the acquired exchange power from the exchange power target value, controls a first output power from the power converter by charging and discharging the storage battery based on the first power deviation so that the exchange power becomes the exchange power target value, and adjusts a second output power output from the power output device so that the first output power becomes a predetermined set value. [Explanation of symbols]

[0151] 1 Electric power usage equipment 4 External power system 6 Controller 8. Power Metering Instruments 20 Power output device 30 connection points 91 Power Converter 92 Capacitor 93 State of Charge (SOC) Detector

Claims

1. at least one power output device that exchanges power with an external power system via a connection point; a power meter for measuring the power transmitted and received at the connection point; a power converter connected to the external power grid via the connection point; a capacitor connected to the power converter; a controller that controls the power output device and the power converter, The controller generating a target value of power transfer based on the power transfer request value; calculating a first power deviation by subtracting the transferred power from the transferred power target value; controlling a first output power from the power converter by charging / discharging the battery based on the first power deviation so that the transferred power becomes the transferred power target value; an increase command to increase the second output power when the second power deviation is less than a second threshold value that is smaller than the first threshold value; and an increase command to maintain the second output power when the second power deviation is greater than the second threshold value and less than the first threshold value, thereby adjusting the second output power output from the power output device so that the first output power becomes the set value.

2. a charge state detector for detecting a charge state of the capacitor; The controller generating a state of charge correction value based on a state of charge deviation obtained by subtracting the detected value of the state of charge from a predetermined target value of the state of charge; The power utilization facility according to claim 1 , wherein the predetermined setting value is set to a value corresponding to the state-of-charge correction value.

3. The controller generating a charge correction value for charging the capacitor as the charge correction value when the charge state deviation is equal to or greater than a predetermined first reference value; When the state of charge deviation is less than a second reference value that is less than the first reference value, a discharge correction value for discharging from the capacitor is generated as the state of charge correction value; When the state of charge deviation is within a predetermined range that is equal to or greater than the second reference value and less than the first reference value, the state of charge correction value is set to zero; The power utilization facility according to claim 2 , wherein the predetermined setting value is set to zero when the state-of-charge correction value is zero.

4. The controller calculating an amount of transferred power obtained by integrating the transferred power and an amount of transferred power target value obtained by integrating the amount of transferred power and the target value of transferred power, and calculating an amount of power deviation of the amount of transferred power from the target value of transferred power; generating a power correction value based on the power amount deviation; The power utilization facility according to claim 1 , wherein the first power deviation is corrected by adding the power correction value to the first power deviation.

5. the power exchange request value includes a first power reception suppression request amount that requests that the output be changed within a predetermined first unit time, and a second power reception suppression request amount for each second unit time that is shorter than the first unit time, 5. The power utilization facility according to claim 1, wherein the controller calculates the target value of power transmission and reception by subtracting the first power reception suppression request amount and the second power reception suppression request amount from a power reception plan value predetermined for each second unit time, for each third unit time that is shorter than the first unit time and the second unit time.

6. The power utilization facility according to claim 1 , wherein the target value of power transfer includes a target value of power sold for each predetermined second unit time.

7. In an electric power utilization facility including at least one power output device that exchanges power with an external electric power system via a connection point, a power meter that measures the electric power exchanged at the connection point, a power converter that is connected to the external electric power system via the connection point, and a battery that is connected to the power converter, a controller that controls the power output device and the power converter, generating a target value of electric power to be exchanged based on the electric power exchange request value; calculating a first power deviation by subtracting the acquired transferred power from the transferred power target value; controlling a first output power from the power converter by charging / discharging the battery based on the first power deviation so that the transferred power becomes the transferred power target value; a controller that adjusts the second output power output from the power output device so that the first output power becomes the set value by generating a decrease command to decrease the second output power output from the power output device when a second power deviation obtained by subtracting the first output power from a predetermined set value is equal to or greater than a predetermined first threshold value; generating an increase command to increase the second output power when the second power deviation is less than a second threshold value that is smaller than the first threshold value; and generating a maintain command to maintain the second output power when the second power deviation is equal to or greater than the second threshold value and less than the first threshold value.

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