Assembled temporary stairs

Abstract

To provide an assembly-type temporary stair capable of increasing the number of connections of support units for supporting a stair.SOLUTION: In an assembly-type temporary staircase having a main frame 31 with outer posts 33 connected to each other by beam material 34, a support unit with bracing 32 connecting outer struts 33 of opposing main frames 31, and a staircase assembled to the support unit, the outer strut 33 of each main frame 31 has a strut body 36 and an outer insert part 37, and at least one of the plurality of support units has a support unit for high load application provided with an inner strut 46 disposed on the main frame 31, the inner strut 46 has a strut body 47 and an inner insertion part 48 inserted into the strut body.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a prefabricated temporary staircase that can be assembled by connecting multiple staircase support units in the vertical direction. [Background technology]

[0002] At construction sites, prefabricated temporary stairs are installed in buildings to allow workers to ascend and descend. Prefabricated temporary stairs are assembled by connecting multiple support units in the vertical direction. The support units have two main frames connected by diagonal braces, and a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped body serving as the support unit is assembled using the main frames and diagonal braces. Prefabricated temporary stairs are assembled by connecting multiple support units in the vertical direction and installing stairs at an angle between the two upper and lower support units.

[0003] These prefabricated temporary stairs can be divided into freestanding and suspended types. Freestanding stairs are temporary stairs that are assembled on a support base adjacent to the building, while suspended types are temporary stairs that are assembled by hanging from support beams attached to channel materials installed at the construction site.

[0004] Patent Document 1 discloses a freestanding temporary staircase that can be assembled on the ground. In the freestanding type, a jack base is placed on the base surface of the aboveground portion, which is the base surface, and the lowest support unit is assembled on the jack base, and multiple support units are assembled on top of that. Each support unit is formed by two main frames, each with two supports (i.e., outer supports) connected by beams, and a brace connecting the two main frames. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-268756 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] In the freestanding type, the load of all the staircase support units above it is concentrated on the basic support unit of the lowest step. On the other hand, in the suspended type, the load of all the support units below it is concentrated on the basic support unit attached to the support beam. For this reason, the thickness and strength of the pillars that make up the support unit are set according to the number of support units connected vertically, and there is a limit to the number of support units that can be connected vertically.

[0007] However, depending on the building, it may be necessary to increase the number of connected support units. In order to assemble temporary stairs that are vertically longer than the set strength, it is necessary to divide the temporary stairs into multiple groups and limit the connection length of each group. In this case, workers must transfer from one group of temporary stairs to another group of temporary stairs, which poses a problem of reduced efficiency in the construction work of workers.

[0008] An object of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated temporary staircase that can increase the number of support units connected to support the staircase. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The prefabricated temporary staircase of the present invention comprises two main frames each having two outer supports interconnected by a plurality of beams, a support unit having two diagonal braces connecting the outer supports by opposing the two main frames, and a staircase assembled between the upper and lower stages of the support units interconnected vertically, wherein the outer supports of the main frames constituting each of the support units have a large diameter support body and an outer insertion part that protrudes from one end of the support body and is inserted into the other end of the support body of another outer support adjacent to the one above and below, and at least one of the plurality of support units has a support unit for applying a heavy load, in which the main frame constituting the support unit is provided with two inner supports arranged adjacent to each other on the inside of each of the outer supports. The two inner columns are attached to the beams that are connected to the two outer columns. The inner support has a large diameter support body and an inner insertion portion that protrudes from one end of the support body of the inner support and is inserted into and connected to the other end of the support body of another inner support adjacent to it above and below. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] In a prefabricated temporary staircase formed by connecting multiple support units, at least one support unit to which a heavy load is applied has outer and inner supports, making it strong. This increases the strength of the support unit to which a heavy load is concentrated, making it possible to connect multiple support units vertically. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a prefabricated temporary staircase. [Figure 2] FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing two sets of support units that make up the prefabricated temporary staircase. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a front view showing a main frame that constitutes the support unit. [Figure 4]3. (A) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of part 4A in FIG. 3, (B) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of part 4B in FIG. 3, and (C) is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4C-4C in (A). [Figure 5] FIG. 4 is a front view showing the main frames shown in FIG. 3 arranged above and below with a gap between them. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a front view showing the state in which two main frames are connected. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing two upper and lower support units in a state where the main frame is connected to one another. [Figure 8] This is a perspective view showing the state in which a stair deck is attached to two connected support units, one above the other. [Figure 9] This is a perspective view showing the state in which the upper and lower three support units are connected and the stairs are attached. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a front view showing a main frame of another embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a front view showing a main frame according to still another embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a front view showing a main frame according to still another embodiment. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing a jack member and two sets of support units that constitute a fixed temporary staircase according to still another embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a prefabricated temporary staircase 10a having eight support units designated by reference numerals 11 to 18. The third support unit 11 from the top in FIG. 1 is the basic support unit, and is attached to two support beams 21 made of channel material with mounting brackets 22. Each support beam 21 is attached to an attachment beam 23 made of H-shaped steel. The attachment beams 23 are temporarily installed at the construction site, and when the six support units 11 to 16 are connected to the support beams 21 and suspended, the prefabricated temporary staircase 10a is positioned along the building under construction. Furthermore, the prefabricated temporary staircase 10a can be suspended and placed in a space formed in a building or in a tunnel formed underground.

[0013] A support unit 17 is mounted on the support unit 11, and a support unit 18 is further mounted on the support unit 17. A roof member (not shown) is attached on top of the uppermost support unit 18.

[0014] FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing two sets of support units 11 and 12 that make up the prefabricated temporary staircase 10a of FIG. 1. Each support unit 11 and 12 includes two main frames 31 and two diagonal braces 32 that connect the two main frames 31 facing each other. In FIG. 2, the diagonal brace 32 on the near side is indicated by a two-dot chain line. Each main frame 31 includes two metal outer columns 33 arranged parallel to each other and two metal beams 34, one above the other, that connect the outer columns 33 to each other. In this way, the outer columns 33 are connected by multiple beams 34. The support unit 11 is assembled using two opposing main frames 31 and diagonal braces 32 that connect the corresponding two outer columns 33. The support unit 12 is similarly assembled using two main frames 31 and two diagonal braces 32.

[0015] Fig. 3 is a front view showing one of the two main frames 31 constituting the support unit 11 shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 4(A) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of part 4A in Fig. 3, Fig. 4(B) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of part 4B in Fig. 3, and Fig. 4(C) is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4C-4C in Fig. 4(A).

[0016] Mounting pins 35 are attached to the upper and lower outer supports 33. The mounting pins 35 are hooked onto hooks provided at the ends of the diagonal braces 32. The upper mounting pin 35 is disposed below the upper beam 34, and the lower mounting pin 35 is disposed below the lower beam 34.

[0017] The outer support 33 has a support body 36 made of a metal tube, and an insertion portion 37 is attached to one end, i.e., the upper end, of the support body 36, protruding from the upper end. The insertion portion 37 is inserted from below into the support body 36 of the outer support 33 of the upper main frame 31. As shown in FIG. 4(A), the insertion portion 37 includes an outer tube 38 inserted into the upper end of the support body 36 and an abutting sleeve 39 fixed to the outside of the outer tube 38 and abutting against the upper end surface of the support body 36. The sleeve 39 has the same outer diameter as the support body 36, which is larger in diameter than the outer tube 38. A reinforcing inner tube 41 is fitted inside the outer tube 38, and the portion of the outer tube 38 and inner tube 41 protruding above the upper end surface 39a of the sleeve 39 constitutes the insertion portion 37 inserted into the support body 36 of the outer support 33 on the upper side.

[0018] As shown in Figure 4(B), a mounting hole 42 is provided at a position a distance L0 from the lower end surface of the support body 36. On the other hand, as shown in Figure 4(A), a mounting hole 43 is provided in the insertion portion 37 at a position a distance L0 from the upper end surface 39a of the sleeve 39. The distances L0 are the same for both. Therefore, when the insertion portion 37 is inserted into the lower end of the support body 36 of the upper outer support 33, the mounting hole 43 of the insertion portion 37 overlaps with the mounting hole 42 of the support body 36. Figure 4(C) is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4C-4C in Figure 4(A), showing the state in which the insertion portion 37 is inserted into the support body 36 of the upper outer support 33, as indicated by the two-dot chain line. As shown in Figure 4(C), when a connecting pin 44 shown in Figure 3 is attached through an attachment hole 42 formed through the insertion portion 37 and an attachment hole 43 in the support body 36, the lower outer support 33 and the upper outer support 33 are connected to each other. As shown in Figure 3, the connecting pin 44 is attached to the upper part of the outer support 33 by a chain 45. Note that the direction in which the connecting pin 44 passes through each of the attachment holes 42, 43 is indicated by a dashed line in Figure 3. Furthermore, the upper and lower ends of the outer support 33 are based on the state in which the outer support 33 is arranged vertically, and if the upper end is one end, the lower end is the other end.

[0019] As shown in Figure 4(A), a spare mounting hole 43a is formed in the insertion portion 37, and the distance between the mounting hole 43a and the sleeve 39 is set to be the same as the distance between the mounting hole 43 and the sleeve 39. Therefore, regardless of which end of the insertion portion 37 is attached to the upper end of the support body 36 with the sleeve 39 at the center, the mounting hole 43 will be located at a fixed position from the support body 36. This improves the ease of assembly of the outer support 33.

[0020] The inner tube 41 protrudes from the end face of the outer tube 38, and when inserting the insertion portion 37 into the support body 36 of the upper outer support 33, the inner tube 41, which has a smaller diameter than the outer tube 38, can be visually observed while bringing the inner tube 41 close to the lower end of the support body 36 as a target, thereby making it possible to easily insert the insertion portion 37 into the support body 36.

[0021] As shown in Figure 3, the main frame 31 has two inner columns 46. One inner column 46 is close to one outer column 33, and the other inner column 46 is close to the other outer column 33. In other words, the distance M between the inner columns 46 is set to be greater than the distance N between the outer column 33 and the adjacent inner column 46. Both distances N are the same.

[0022] Like the outer support 33, the inner support 46 has a support body 47 made of a metal tube, and an insertion portion 48 is attached to the upper end of the support body 47, protruding from the upper end. The insertion portion 48 is inserted from below into the support body 47 of the inner support 46 of the upper main frame 31 (not shown). Like the insertion portion 37, the insertion portion 48 has an outer tube 49 inserted into the upper end of the support body 47 and an abutting sleeve 51 fixed to the outside of the outer tube 49 and abutting against the end face of the support body 47, the sleeve 51 having the same outer diameter as the support body 47, which is larger in diameter than the outer tube 49. A reinforcing inner tube 52 is fitted inside the outer tube 49.

[0023] As shown in Figure 3, if the main frame 31 is constructed with a total of four pillars, two outer pillars 33 and two inner pillars 46, the strength of the support unit formed by connecting two main frames 31 can be increased, and the number of support units that can be stacked vertically can be increased.

[0024] As shown in Figure 3, the lengths of the support body 36 of the outer support 33 and the support body 47 of the inner support 46 are set to be the same. In contrast, the protruding length L1 of the insertion portion 37 of the outer support 33 is different from the protruding length L2 of the insertion portion 48 of the inner support 46, and L2 is set to be longer than L1 (L2 > L1). Making the protruding lengths of the insertion portion 37 and the insertion portion 48 different in this way makes it easier to connect the upper outer support 33 and the lower outer support 33, and the upper inner support 46 and the lower inner support 46, in order to connect support units vertically.

[0025] In other words, when the insertion portion 48 of the inner support 46 is longer, the upper end of the inner support 46 protrudes higher than the upper end of the outer support 33, and the longer insertion portion 48 is inserted into the lower end of the support body 47 of the upper inner support 46. At this time, the assembly worker aims the insertion portion 48 toward the upper support body 47 and inserts it into the support body 47. By continuing the insertion operation, the shorter insertion portion 37 is easily inserted into the support body 36 without any modification. Therefore, the main frame 31 for heavy loads, which has an increased number of support columns, can be easily connected vertically. This improves the ease of assembly of the prefabricated temporary staircase 10a while increasing the connection strength.

[0026] The structure of the insertion portion 48 is similar to that of the insertion portion 37 except for the protruding length. As shown in FIG. 3, a connecting pin 53 is attached to the upper end of the inner support 46 by a chain 54. By passing the connecting pin 53 through a mounting hole 55 provided at the lower end of the support body 47 of the main frame 31 (not shown) located above and a mounting hole 56 provided in the insertion portion 48, the inner support 46 of the main frame 31 (not shown) and the inner support 46 shown in FIG. 3 can be vertically connected. The distance L0 between the lower end surface of the support body 47 and the mounting hole 55 is set to be the same as the distance L0 between the mounting hole 56 provided in the insertion portion 48 and the sleeve 51. Although the distance L0 in the outer support 33 and the distance L0 in the inner support 46 are the same, these distances may be different.

[0027] 5 is a front view showing the main frames 31 shown in FIG. 3 arranged above and below with a gap between them. Because the protruding length L2 of the insertion portion 48 of the inner support 46 is longer than the protruding length L1 of the insertion portion 37 of the outer support 33, when the main frames 31 are positioned above and below with a gap between them, the gap G1 between the insertion portion 48 and the support body 47 is smaller than the gap G2 between the insertion portion 37 and the support body 36. Therefore, when the lower main frame 31 is moved upward toward the main frame 31 so as to bring the insertion portion 48 closer to the support body 47, and the insertion portion 48 is inserted into the lower end of the support body 47, the insertion portion 37 can be easily inserted into the lower end of the support body 36 by simply inserting it. This improves the ease of assembly of the upper and lower main frames 31.

[0028] 6 is a front view showing the state in which two main frames 31 are connected, and the upper and lower inner supports 46 are connected to each other by inserting a connecting pin 53 through the mounting hole 55 of the upper main frame 31 and the mounting hole 56 of the insertion portion 48 of the lower main frame 31. Similarly, the upper and lower outer supports 33 are connected to each other by inserting a connecting pin 44 through the mounting hole 42 of the upper main frame 31 and the mounting hole 43 of the insertion portion 37 of the lower main frame 31.

[0029] 7 is a perspective view showing two upper and lower support units in a state where the main frame 31 is connected to the upper and lower sides. These support units correspond to the support units 11 and 12, for example.

[0030] As shown in Figure 6, two main frames 31 are connected vertically, and when the two connected main frames 31 form a set, and the two sets are arranged facing each other, a brace 32 is attached between one side of the opposing main frames 31, and the two upper and lower support units 11, 12 are assembled as shown in Figure 7. The brace 32 on the opposite side, indicated by the two-dot chain line, is attached after the stairs, etc., are assembled.

[0031] Figure 8 is a perspective view showing a state in which a stair deck 61 has been attached to two connected support units 11, 12, one above the other. The stair deck 61 comprises a curved deck frame 62, a lower landing 63 attached to the lower end of the deck frame 62, and an upper landing 64 attached to the upper end, and is assembled between the lower support unit 12 and the upper support unit 11. The claws on the lower end of the deck frame 62 are hooked onto the lower beams 34 of the main frame 31 of the lower support unit 12, and the claws on the upper end of the deck frame 62 are hooked onto the lower beams 34 of the main frame 31 of the upper support unit 11. In this way, the stair deck 61 is assembled between the two upper and lower support units 11, 12.

[0032] Of the two support units 11, 12 connected vertically, the lower landing 63 is hooked onto the lower beam 34 of the lower support unit 12, and the upper landing 64 is hooked onto the lower beam 34 of the upper support unit 11. Each is hooked onto the beam 34 so as to straddle the inner support column 46. Therefore, it is preferable that the beam 34 is a single rod attached between the two outer support columns 33, but separate rods may be used between the outer support column 33 and the inner support column 46 and between the inner support columns 46 themselves; however, since they are attached in a straight line, they function as a single rod.

[0033] Figure 9 shows the state in which the upper and lower three support units 11 to 13 are connected. Figure 9 also shows the state in which a stair deck 61 is assembled between support units 12 and 13, and a staircase 65 is attached between support units 11 and 12. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, a landing horizontal handrail 66, a landing handrail 67, etc. are assembled to each support unit.

[0034] The prefabricated temporary staircase 10a shown in Fig. 1 is of a suspended type, and in Fig. 1, a support unit 11 is attached to two support beams 21 with mounting brackets 22, and support units 12 to 16 are successively connected from below. Meanwhile, two support units 17 and 18 are loaded above the support unit 11.

[0035] When multiple support units are connected below support unit 11, a high load is applied to support unit 11 suspended from support beam 21 and the two support units 12 and 13 below it. In other words, the three support units 11 to 13 are support units designed to support heavy loads. In contrast, the lower support units 14 to 16 and support units 17 and 18 above support unit 11 are not subjected to as high a load as support units 11 to 13. Therefore, the main frames 31 of support units 11 to 13 are designed to support heavy loads and include two outer support columns 33 and two inner support columns 46, while the main frames 31 of the other support units 14 to 18 have a lightweight structure with the inner support columns 46 removed. However, depending on the number of steps of the support units connected vertically, at least one support unit 11 may be a support unit for heavy load application, and furthermore, a prefabricated temporary staircase 10a may be installed at a construction site in which all main frames are support units for heavy load application equipped with inner supports 46. Furthermore, the support unit for heavy load application described above has two inner supports 46 corresponding to the two outer supports 33, but as long as at least two inner supports 46 are installed on the main frame 31, three or four inner supports 46 may be installed on the main frame 31.

[0036] 10 to 12 are front views showing main frame 31 according to other embodiments. In main frame 31 shown in Fig. 10, protruding length L3 of insert portion 37 of outer support column 33 is set longer than protruding length L4 of insert portion 48 of inner support column 46. In this manner, either insert portion 37 or insert portion 48 may be made longer.

[0037] In the main frame 31 shown in Figure 11, the outer support columns 33 and the inner support columns 46 are attached to the beams 34 with the outer support columns 33 and the inner support columns 46 offset from each other in the vertical direction. Furthermore, the protruding length L5 of the insertion portions 37 of the outer support columns 33 is set shorter than the protruding length L6 of the insertion portions 48 of the inner support columns 46. When connecting these main frames 31 vertically, the lower ends of the inner support columns 46 protrude downward beyond the lower ends of the outer support columns 33, and the insertion portions 48 protrude upward beyond the insertion portions 37. Therefore, when connecting the inner support columns 46 of the upper and lower main frames 31, the insertion portions 48 can be more easily inserted into the lower ends of the support columns 47 of the inner support columns 46.

[0038] In the main frame 31 shown in Figure 12, the outer support 33 and the inner support 46 are attached to the beam 34 with a vertical offset. The respective support body 36, 47 are the same length, and the respective insertion portions 37, 48 are also set to the same length. It is also possible to make the protruding lengths of both insertion portions 37, 48 the same without vertically offsetting the outer support 33 and the inner support 46.

[0039] Figure 13 is an exploded perspective view showing a jack member 68 and two sets of support units 25, 26 that constitute a fixed-type prefabricated temporary staircase 10b, which is yet another embodiment. The lowest support unit 25 is placed on base surface B at the construction site by the jack member 68. The support unit 25 is a support unit for applying heavy loads, and is equipped with a total of four outer supports 33 and a total of four inner supports 46. The support unit 26 is connected on top of the support unit 25, which has the same structure as the support unit 26. The support units 25, 26 have the same structure as the support units 11, 12 of the suspended-type prefabricated temporary staircase 10a shown in Figure 7.

[0040] In this way, in the fixed prefabricated temporary staircase 10b, when about seven support units are stacked on top of the lowest support unit 25, the support units in the three or so lower stages are assembled as support units for applying heavy loads. The support units above that may be support units for applying heavy loads, or all of the support units may be support units for applying heavy loads.

[0041] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The support unit for applying a heavy load described above includes two inner support columns 46, but one or more inner support columns may be added in addition to the two outer support columns. [Explanation of symbols]

[0042] 11~18 Support unit 21 Support beam 22 Mounting bracket 23 Mounting beam 25, 26 Support unit 31 Main Frame 32 Bracing 33 Outer strut 34 Beam material 35 Mounting pin 36 Support body 37 Insertion part 42, 43 Mounting holes 44 connecting pin 46 Inner strut 47 Pillar body 48 Insertion part 53 Connecting pin 55, 56 Mounting holes 61 Stair Deck 62 Deck Frame 63 Lower Landing 64 Upper Landing 65 stairs 68 Jack member

Claims

1. A prefabricated temporary staircase includes two main frames each having two outer supports connected to each other by a plurality of beams, a support unit having two braces that connect the outer supports by opposing the two main frames, and a staircase assembled between the upper and lower steps of the support units that are connected to each other vertically, The outer support columns of the main frames constituting each of the support units have a large-diameter support body and an outer insertion portion that protrudes from one end of the support body and is inserted into the other end of the support body of another outer support column adjacent to the outer support column in the vertical direction to be connected, At least one of the plurality of support units has a support unit for applying a heavy load, in which two inner support columns are provided on the main frame constituting the support unit and arranged adjacent to each other on the inside of each of the outer support columns, The two inner columns are attached to the beams that are connected to the two outer columns; The inner support has a large diameter support body and an inner insertion portion that protrudes from one end of the support body of the inner support and is inserted into the other end of the support body of another inner support adjacent to the inner support above and below to connect them, forming an assembly-type temporary staircase.

2. The prefabricated temporary staircase according to claim 1, The protruding length of the outer insert portion and the protruding length of the inner insert portion are different.

3. The prefabricated temporary staircase according to claim 1, The outer support columns and the inner support columns are vertically offset and connected by the beam members.

4. The prefabricated temporary staircase according to claim 1, The distance between the outer support and the inner support is shorter than the distance between the two inner supports.

5. The prefabricated temporary staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 4, A prefabricated temporary staircase, wherein the main frame of the support unit for applying a heavy load among the plurality of support units has the outer support columns and the inner support columns.

6. The prefabricated temporary staircase according to claim 5, At least one of the support units for applying heavy loads is attached to a support beam installed at a construction site, and a plurality of the support units are connected to the underside of the support unit attached to the support beam and suspended from the support beam.

7. The prefabricated temporary staircase according to claim 5, At least one of the support units for applying heavy loads is supported by a jack member placed on the base surface of a construction site, and a plurality of the support units are connected to the upper side of the support unit supported by the jack member and fixed to the jack member.

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