Communication method, communication device, and program

Abstract

This communication method includes performing wireless communication by using predetermined resources. The communication method includes assigning a signal modulated using a first modulation method to a first resource included in the predetermined resources, and assigning a signal modulated using a second modulation method, which is different from the first modulation method, to a second resource included in the predetermined resources. The first modulation method is a modulation method that modulates a signal by a combination of an active resource and a non-active resource.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a communication method, a communication device, and a program. [Background technology]

[0002] Index Modulation (IM, also known as Parallel Combinatory Modulation or Tone-Phase-Shift Keying) is a modulation method that converts a bit sequence into a complex signal point sequence. IM uses multiple (e.g., N (N is an integer greater than or equal to 1)) resource elements (frequency, time, spatial layers, precoding matrices, antenna ports, antennas, etc.) used for modulation, and transmits information based on how the resource elements that map complex signal points are combined.

[0003] Furthermore, in a multi-access environment where multiple terminal devices communicate, there is a problem that multi-user interference occurs, deteriorating error rate performance. For example, in Non-Patent Document 1, in order to suppress such deterioration of error rate performance, a guard is provided between signals of each user (terminal device) to reduce interference. For example, in Non-Patent Document 2, index modulation is applied to a spreading sequence, and multiple signals are multiplexed, thereby improving error rate performance. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0004] [Non-Patent Document 1] Wang, Li, “Novel MC-CDMA System Using Fourier Duals of Sparse Perfect Gaussian Integer Sequences”, IEEE ICC 2016 [Non-patent document 2] Qiang Li, Miaowen Wen, Li, “Index Modulated OFDM Spread Spectrum”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 17, NO. 4, APRIL 2018 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, while the above-described method of providing a guard can suppress deterioration of error rate characteristics, it has the problem of decreasing resource (e.g., frequency resource) utilization efficiency. Therefore, in a multi-access environment in which a base station device and multiple terminal devices communicate with each other, it is desirable to suppress both the deterioration of error rate characteristics and the decrease in frequency utilization efficiency and further improve the quality between wireless links.

[0006] Therefore, the present disclosure proposes a mechanism that can further improve the quality between wireless links.

[0007] It should be noted that the above problem or object is merely one of multiple problems or objects that can be solved or achieved by multiple embodiments disclosed in this specification. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] A communication method according to the present disclosure includes performing wireless communication using predetermined resources. The communication method includes allocating a signal modulated by a first modulation scheme to a first resource included in the predetermined resources, and allocating a signal modulated by a second modulation scheme different from the first modulation scheme to a second resource included in the predetermined resources. The first modulation scheme is a modulation scheme that modulates a signal using a combination of active resources and inactive resources. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1]FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of signal processing related to data transmission according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of signal processing related to data reception according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a sequence diagram showing a setting process in uplink or downlink communication. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a sequence diagram showing a setting process in sidelink communication. [Figure 5A] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of modulation by IM. [Figure 5B] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of modulation by IM. [Figure 5C] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of modulation by IM. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of modulation by IM. [Figure 7A] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of modulation by IM. [Figure 7B] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of modulation by IM. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of modulation by IM. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a management device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a base station device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 12] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a relay device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 14] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of allocation of first and second resources according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a sequence diagram illustrating an example of a communication process executed in a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 16]FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of transmission signal processing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 17] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of received signal processing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 18] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of inter-user interference according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 19] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of signal interference according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 20] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a simulation result according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 21] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating multiplexing of a first resource and a second resource according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 22] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating multiplexing of a first resource and a second resource according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 23] 10 is a diagram showing the correspondence between a first transmission signal and a spreading sequence. [Figure 24] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of application of a spreading sequence according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 25] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of successive interference cancellation processing according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 26] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of parallel interference cancellation processing according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 27] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a method for generating soft symbol replicas according to another modification of the present disclosure. [Figure 28] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a method for generating soft symbol replicas according to another modification of the present disclosure. [Figure 29] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of a method for superimposing transmission information according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 30] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining another example of a method for superimposing transmission information according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 31] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of signaling according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 32] FIG. 10 is a sequence diagram illustrating an example of a flow of a communication process according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 33] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a simulation result according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 34] FIG. 2 is a hardware configuration diagram illustrating an example of a computer that realizes the functions of a base station device and a terminal device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this specification and drawings, components having substantially the same functional configurations are designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

[0011] In this specification and drawings, similar components of the embodiments may be distinguished by adding different letters to the same reference numerals. However, when there is no need to particularly distinguish between the similar components, only the same reference numerals are used.

[0012] One or more embodiments (including examples and modifications) described below can be implemented independently. However, at least a portion of the embodiments described below may be implemented in appropriate combination with at least a portion of another embodiment. These embodiments may include novel features that are different from one another. Therefore, these embodiments may contribute to solving different purposes or problems and may produce different effects.

[0013] <<1. Introduction>> <1.1. Overview of transmission process> Fig. 1 is a block diagram schematically illustrating an example of signal processing related to data transmission according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 1, a communication device that performs signal processing (transmission processing) according to this embodiment includes an FEC (Forward Error Correction) coding and rate matching block 1001 and a scrambling and interleaving block 1002. The communication device further includes a constellation mapping and resource element mapping block 1003, a waveform modulation block 1004, and an analog / RF processing block 1005. Referring to Fig. 1, an input information sequence (e.g., a bit sequence) from a higher layer is processed, and an RF (radio frequency) signal is output.

[0014] The FEC coding and rate matching block 1001 receives an input information sequence. The FEC coding and rate matching block 1001 receives, as the input information sequence, a bit sequence (e.g., Transport Block, Packet, Frame, etc.) sent from an upper layer (e.g., Data Link Layer, Layer 2, etc.). The FEC coding and rate matching block 1001 performs error detection coding (e.g., CRC: Cyclic Redundancy Check), error correction coding (FEC: Forward Error Correction, e.g., Turbo Coding, Convolutional Coding, LDPC Coding, Polar Coding, Reed-Solomon Coding, etc.), and coding rate adjustment (Rate Matching, e.g., Puncturing, Repetition, etc.) on the input information sequence.

[0015] The scrambling and interleaving block 1002 performs scrambling and interleaving on the coded bit sequence output from the FEC coding and rate matching block 1001, thereby further improving the effect of error correction.

[0016] Thereafter, constellation mapping and resource element mapping block 1003 converts the bit sequence output from scrambling and interleaving block 1002 into a complex signal point sequence and allocates it to resource elements. Details of the conversion into a complex signal point sequence and the allocation to resource elements according to this embodiment will be described later.

[0017] The waveform modulation block 1004 performs waveform modulation on each complex signal point arranged in a resource element by the constellation mapping and resource element mapping block 1003. For example, the waveform modulation block 1004 performs waveform modulation in accordance with OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access), SC-FDMA (Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access), GFDMA (Generalized Frequency Division Multiple Access), FOFDMA (Filtered OFDMA), UFMC (Universal Filtered Multi-Carrier), etc.

[0018] The analog / RF processing block 1005 performs digital-to-analog conversion (DAC), then performs analog processing and RF processing, and transmits radio waves from an antenna.

[0019] In this embodiment, a resource element refers to one unit of resources (i.e., unit resource) identified by at least one of frequency resources (subcarriers, subchannels, resource blocks, etc.), time resources (symbols, slots, frames, etc.), spatial resources (antennas, antenna ports, spatial layers, spatial streams, etc.), or code patterns (spreading code patterns, interleaving patterns, scrambling patterns, etc.). Hereinafter, for the sake of simplicity, the resource elements will be described as frequency resources, but the resource elements are not limited to frequency resources.

[0020] <1.2. Overview of transmission process> 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of signal processing related to data reception according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2, a communication device that performs signal processing (reception processing) according to this embodiment includes an analog / RF processing block 1011, a waveform demodulation block 1012, and a resource element demapping and constellation demapping block 1013. The communication device further includes a deinterleaving and descrambling block 1014 and a rate dematching and FEC demodulation block 1015.

[0021] The analog / RF processing block 1011 performs analog processing, frequency conversion processing, analog-to-digital conversion processing, etc. on the signal received by the antenna, thereby converting the signal received by the antenna into a digital signal.

[0022] Thereafter, the waveform demodulation block 1012 performs demodulation processing according to the waveform being used. For example, the waveform demodulation block 1012 performs a discrete Fourier transform (DFT), an inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT), a fast Fourier transform (FFT), an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), etc. to demodulate OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) and SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access).

[0023] Thereafter, the resource element demapping and constellation demapping block 1013 performs resource element demapping. For example, the resource element demapping and constellation demapping block 1013 performs a process of extracting resource elements of a signal to be demodulated and decoded according to a physical channel configuration, a reference signal configuration, allocation of resource elements for each user, etc.

[0024] Thereafter, the resource element demapping and constellation demapping block 1013 performs constellation demapping. For example, the resource element demapping and constellation demapping block 1013 performs reception, demodulation, and decoding corresponding to the transmission method according to this embodiment. Here, the resource element demapping and constellation demapping block 1013 outputs hard decision values ​​or soft decision values ​​of the target coded bit sequence (or transmission bit sequence). The hard decision values ​​are a sequence of two discrete values, {0, 1} (or {-1, 1}). The soft decision values ​​are also called soft decisions, soft information, or LLR information (Log Likelihood Ratio Information), and are a sequence of continuous values ​​or a sequence of discrete values ​​of multiple levels. Constellation demapping algorithms may include linear filtering such as ZF (Zero Forcing) and MMSE (Minimum Mean Square Error), or nonlinear algorithms such as ML detection (Maximum Likelihood Detection) and ML estimation (Maximum Likelihood Estimation).

[0025] After the soft decision values ​​and LLRs are generated, the de-interleaving and de-scrambling block 1014 performs de-interleaving and de-scrambling corresponding to the interleaving and scrambling processes performed on the transmitting side.

[0026] Furthermore, the rate de-matching and FEC demodulation block 1015 performs rate de-matching and FEC decoding at a rate corresponding to the processing on the transmitting side, and decodes the information bit sequence of the upper layer.

[0027] The receiving communication device may regenerate a transmission signal replica (e.g., a soft replica, a soft interference replica, etc.) from the decoded information bit sequence of the higher layer, feed it back to the constellation demapping or soft decision value generation process, and perform iterative decoding (iterative / turbo de-mapping, iterative / turbo equalization, iterative / turbo decoding, iterative / turbo cancellation, etc.). Such iterative processing is expected to improve reception performance.

[0028] <1.3.Settings Processing> In order to execute the transmission process or reception process of this embodiment, it is necessary to share information regarding constellation mapping / demapping between a transmitting communication device and a receiving communication device using some method (set as common knowledge). It is desirable that this information be shared between the communication devices via system information, RRC signaling, control information, etc. The setting process for information sharing will be described below.

[0029] (uplink or downlink) First, a setting process for information sharing in uplink or downlink communication will be described. Fig. 3 is a sequence diagram showing the setting process in uplink or downlink communication.

[0030] First, the terminal device notifies the base station device to which it is connected of capability information (step S201). For example, the terminal device notifies the base station device whether it supports the communication method proposed in this embodiment. Details of the communication method proposed in this embodiment will be described later.

[0031] If the terminal device does not support the communication method proposed in this embodiment, the terminal device communicates with the base station device using a normal communication method (for example, OFDMA or DFT-Spread-OFDMA). If the terminal device supports the communication method proposed in this embodiment, specific values ​​of parameters required to implement the communication method proposed in this embodiment are shared between the communication devices (step S202 and / or step S203).

[0032] When communication is performed using a physical control channel (such as a PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) or a PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel)), it is desirable that the parameters used in the communication method of the present embodiment are notified from the base station apparatus to the terminal apparatus as semi-static information or cell-specific information. For example, the parameters may be notified from the base station apparatus to the terminal apparatus as system information or RRC signaling using a physical broadcast channel (PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel)) or a downlink shared channel (PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel)).

[0033] When communication is performed using a physical shared channel (such as a PDSCH or a PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel)), it is desirable that the parameters used in the communication method of the present embodiment are notified from the base station apparatus to the terminal apparatus as semi-static information, dynamic information, or terminal-specific (UE-specific, UE-group-specific) information. For example, it is desirable that the parameters are notified from the base station apparatus to the terminal apparatus as downlink control information (DCI (Downlink Control Information)) using a physical control channel (PDCCH). At this time, radio resources (such as frequencies (resource blocks, component carriers), time (subframes, slots, minislots), and space (number of MIMO layers (Spatial Layers, Spatial Streams))) to be used by the terminal apparatus may also be notified together with the parameters used in the communication method of the present embodiment.

[0034] The terminal device that has received the parameters from the base station device performs communication using the communication method of this embodiment (step S204). For example, in the case of an uplink, the terminal device transmits a signal to the base station device using the communication method of this embodiment, using the parameter values ​​and radio resources notified from the base station device. In the case of a downlink, the terminal device performs a reception process, assuming that the base station device is transmitting a signal to the terminal device using the parameters and radio resources notified from the base station device.

[0035] The base station device or the terminal device transmits an ACK or NACK in response to the transmission in step S204 (step S205).

[0036] (Side Link) Next, the configuration process in the sidelink will be described. In the case of the sidelink, it is also desirable for the terminal device to notify the base station device to which it is connected whether or not it supports the communication method proposed in this embodiment. Fig. 4 is a sequence diagram showing the configuration process in the sidelink communication. In the following description, one terminal device in the sidelink communication will be referred to as terminal A, and the other terminal device will be referred to as terminal B.

[0037] Terminals A and B notify the base station device to which they are connected of capability information (step S301). For example, terminals A and B each notify the base station device to which they are connected of whether or not it supports the communication method proposed in this embodiment.

[0038] The base station device notifies terminals A and B of information on radio resources that may be used for sidelink communication (for example, information on a radio resource pool specified by time and frequency). It is desirable that the notification of this radio resource information be notified as semi-static information. At this time, the base station device may also notify terminals A and B of parameter values ​​that should be applied when using the communication method proposed in this embodiment as semi-static information (step S302).

[0039] Terminals A and B notify each other of their own capability information using the radio resource (radio resource pool) designated by the base station device (step S303). For example, terminals A and B may each notify the other terminal device of whether or not it supports the communication method proposed in this embodiment.

[0040] If one or both of terminals A and B do not support the communication method of this embodiment, terminals A and B perform sidelink communication using a normal communication method. If both terminals A and B support the communication method of this embodiment, terminals A and B may perform communication using the communication method of this embodiment using parameter values ​​semi-statically notified by the base station device (step S305). For example, in communication using a sidelink control channel (such as a PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel)), terminals A and B may perform communication using the communication method of this embodiment using parameters notified by the base station device.

[0041] In communication using a sidelink shared channel (such as a PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel)), terminals A and B may use the PSCCH to notify each other of parameters used in the IM of this embodiment as sidelink control information (SCI (Sidelink Control Information)) (step S304). Then, terminals A and B may use the parameters notified to each other to perform communication using the communication method of this embodiment (step S305).

[0042] Terminal A or terminal B transmits an ACK or NACK in response to the transmission in step S305 (step S306).

[0043] In this way, the terminal device can also transmit or receive sidelink signals using the parameter values ​​notified as described above.

[0044] Furthermore, the method for sharing the parameter values ​​used in the communication method of this embodiment between the terminal device and the base station device is not limited to the method using the setting process described above. For example, the parameter values ​​used in the communication method of this embodiment may be set as unique values ​​in advance, so that the terminal device and the base station device can share the parameter values.

[0045] For example, when the communication method of this embodiment is used in a broadcast channel (PBCH) used to notify the initial system information, it is difficult for the base station device to notify the terminal device of parameters before the PBCH. Therefore, in such a case, it is desirable that the base station device and the terminal device communicate using the communication method of this embodiment by using parameters that are set as unique values ​​in advance.

[0046] <1.4. Overview of IM> Next, IM (Index Modulation) will be described. In IM according to this embodiment, a portion of an input information sequence is modulated into complex signal points, and the modulated complex signal points are arranged at positions of available resource elements corresponding to the portion of the input information sequence. That is, in IM, information is represented not only by the complex signal points but also by the positions at which the complex signal points are arranged. The arrangement of complex signal points can sometimes be considered as the ON / OFF of resource elements (active resources / inactive resources). (Complex signal point sequence) First, the conversion of an input signal sequence into a complex signal sequence will be described.

[0047] The input signal sequence can be converted to a complex signal sequence using 2PSK (BPSK), QPSK (4PSK), 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, etc., with M=2 m Alternatively, for conversion to a complex signal sequence, a complex signal constellation such as M-PSK (BPSK), QPSK (4PSK), 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, etc., where M=2 may be used. m M=2, which adds a zero point (origin) to the complex signal point set of M-PSK, M-QAM, etc. m It is also possible to use the M-PSK+origin and M-QAM+origin, which have a relationship of +1. Here, a phase rotation shift may be applied to signal points such as 2PSK (BPSK), QPSK (4PSK), 16QAM, 64QAM, and 256QAM.

[0048] (resource element) Next, resource elements onto which a set of complex signal points is mapped will be described.

[0049] First, let us assume that the number of resource elements to be subjected to IM is N, and that K (≦N) resource elements are selected from the N resource elements to map complex signal points. Furthermore, the selected K resource elements are assigned M=2 m or M≠2 m The complex signal points included in the non-zero complex signal point set are assumed to be arranged.

[0050] In this case, the number of bits in the bit sequence that can be transmitted using N resource elements is N B is calculated based on equations (1) and (2).

[0051]

number

[0052] Here, equation (2) represents the number of combinations for selecting K items from N items without duplication, and the right-hand side of equation (2) is N C K Also, floor(x) in equation (1) means rounding down (to the largest integer less than or equal to x).

[0053] M=2 m In IM, N B can be rewritten as equation (3).

[0054]

number

[0055] In other words, when the value of the number of combinations C is C≠2n (n is a positive integer), the number of bits N to be multiplied by logarithmic transformation and truncation is B This indicates that combinations occur that do not contribute to an increase in

[0056] (Layout example 1) 5A to 5C are diagrams illustrating an example of modulation using IM. In Fig. 5A to Fig. 5C, an example is shown in which complex signal points (BPSK) are arranged on K=2 resource elements for N=4 resource elements. Hereinafter, this IM is also referred to as 2 / 4 SIM (Subcarrier Index Modulation).

[0057] In the upper right corner of FIG. 5A, two resource elements with the lowest frequency are selected from the four resource elements, and the selected two resource elements are assigned ((Es / 2) 1 / 2 5A shows an example in which complex signal points of (-(Es / 2) 1 / 2 ,0), ((Es / 2) 1 / 2 , 0) is shown as an example of the arrangement of complex signal points.

[0058] In this way, when complex signal points (BPSK) are arranged on K=2 resource elements for N=4 resource elements, the total number of possible combinations of resource elements to which bit sequences can be assigned is 24.

[0059] In the case of 2 / 4 SIM, the number of bits N of the bit sequence that can be assigned to the selected resource element B is calculated from the following equations (4) and (5), and N B =4.

[0060]

number

[0061] (Layout example 2) In the above-described allocation example, a case where K (=K1) resource elements are selected from N resource elements has been described, but the number of resource elements to be selected is not limited to K1. For example, the IM may select K2, K3, ..., K in addition to K1. LIt may also be a modulation scheme in which (≦N) resource elements are selected and complex signal points are mapped to the selected resource elements, where L is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0062] In this modulation method, M=2 complex signal points are allocated to resource elements. m or M≠2 m In this case, the number of bits in the bit sequence that can be transmitted using N resource elements is N B is calculated based on equations (6) and (7).

[0063]

number

[0064] Here, for example, an example will be described in which, for N=4 resource elements, K1=2 resource elements and K2=1 resource elements are selected. Here, a complex signal point (BPSK) is allocated to the selected K1=2 or K2=1 resource elements. Hereinafter, this IM is also referred to as (2 / 4+1 / 4)SIM.

[0065] In this case, in addition to the arrangement of Figures 5A to 5C, the complex signal points are arranged as shown in Figure 6. Note that Figure 6 is a diagram for explaining an example of modulation by IM.

[0066] Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C, two resource elements are assigned ((Es / 2) 1 / 2 ,0) or (-(Es / 2) 1 / 2 ,0) are assigned to one resource element. 1 / 2 i) or (0,-Es 1 / 2 In the upper right corner of Figure 6, one resource element is selected from the four resource elements in order of frequency, and the selected resource element is assigned a complex signal point (0,Es 1 / 2i) shows an example of complex signal point arrangement.

[0067] In this way, when N=4 resource elements are targeted and complex signal points (BPSK) are arranged on K1=2 or K2=1 resource elements, the total number of combinations of resource elements to which bit sequences can be assigned is 24 + 8 = 32.

[0068] In addition, in the case of (2 / 4+1 / 4)SIM, the number of bits N of the bit sequence that can be assigned to the selected resource element B is calculated from the following equations (8) to (9), and N B =5.

[0069]

number

[0070] In this way, even if the total number of resource elements N is the same, the number of selected resource elements K can be set to multiple values ​​(K1, K2, . . . , K L ), the number of bits in the bit sequence that can be transmitted can be increased.

[0071] (Layout example 3) In the above-described allocation examples 1 and 2, the case where K (=K1) resource elements are selected from N=4 resource elements has been described, but the total number of resource elements is not limited to N=4. For example, the modulation scheme may be such that IM selects K resource elements from N=2 resource elements.

[0072] For example, IM may be a modulation scheme in which K=2 resource elements are selected from N=2 resource elements (hereinafter also referred to as 1 / 2SIM). Alternatively, IM may be a modulation scheme in which K=2 resource elements are selected from N=2 resource elements (hereinafter also referred to as 2 / 2SIM). Furthermore, IM may be a modulation scheme in which K1=1 or K2=2 resource elements are selected from N=2 resource elements (hereinafter also referred to as (1 / 2+2 / 2)SIM).

[0073] 7A and 7B are diagrams for explaining an example of modulation by IM. In Fig. 7A and Fig. 7B, an example is shown in which QPSK signal points are arranged as complex signal points in (1 / 2+2 / 2)SIM.

[0074] In this case, as shown in FIG. 7A, one resource element selected from two resource elements is assigned ((Es / 2) 1 / 2 ,(Es / 2) 1 / 2 i), ((Es / 2) 1 / 2 ,-(Es / 2) 1 / 2 i), (-(Es / 2) 1 / 2 ,(Es / 2) 1 / 2 i), and (-(Es / 2) 1 / 2 ,-(Es / 2) 1 / 2 i) is assigned to two resource elements selected from the two resource elements. 1 / 2 ,0), (-(Es / 2) 1 / 2 ,0), (0,(Es / 2) 1 / 2 i), and (0,-(Es / 2) 1 / 2 i) is placed on the complex signal point.

[0075] In the upper right corner of FIG. 7A, one resource element is selected from the two resource elements with the lowest frequency, and the selected resource element is assigned a ((Es / 2) 1 / 2 ,(Es / 2) 1 / 2 i) shows an example of complex signal point arrangement.

[0076] Also, the upper right of FIG. 7B shows an example in which two resource elements are selected from two resource elements. Here, ((Es / 2) 1 / 2 , 0) is shown as an example of the arrangement of complex signal points.

[0077] In this way, when N=2 resource elements are targeted and complex signal points (BPSK) are arranged on K1=1 or K2=2 resource elements, the total number of combinations of resource elements to which bit sequences can be assigned is 8 + 16 = 24.

[0078] (Layout example 4) It is also possible to add amplitude variation and phase rotation to the (1 / 2+2 / 2) SIM shown in Arrangement Example 3 above. Such a case will be explained as Arrangement Example 4 using Fig. 8. Fig. 8 is a diagram for explaining an example of modulation by IM. It is to be noted that the (1 / 2+2 / 2) SIM shown in Fig. 8 may be called Block SIM to distinguish it from the (1 / 2+2 / 2) SIM shown in Figs. 7A and 7B.

[0079] As shown in FIG. 8, when one resource element is selected from two resource elements (i.e., 1 / 2 SIM), the selected resource element is assigned (Es 1 / 2 ,0), (-Es 1 / 2 ,0), (0,Es 1 / 2 i), and (0,-Es 1 / 2 i) is placed on the complex signal point.

[0080] Also, if two resource elements are selected from two resource elements (i.e., 2 / 2SIM), the two selected resource elements are assigned ((Es / 4) -2 ,(Es / 4) 1 / 2 i), ((Es / 4) 1 / 2 ,-(Es / 4) 1 / 2 i), (-(Es / 4) 1 / 2 ,(Es / 4) 1 / 2i), and (-(Es / 4) 1 / 2 ,-(Es / 4) 1 / 2 i) and i) are arranged. Note that the signal point arrangement example in Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram and differs from the actual signal point arrangement.

[0081] As shown in FIG. 8, in Block SIM, the signal point arrangement of 2 / 2SIM is rotated by θ=π / 4 compared with the signal point arrangement of 1 / 2SIM, and the amplitude is also changed.

[0082] In this way, by arranging complex signal points with a phase rotation shift, the minimum distance between code words can be increased, and errors during decoding can be further reduced.

[0083] For the same reason, amplitude changes and / or phase rotations can be applied to the complex signal points to be arranged in the above-mentioned Arrangement Examples 2 and 3. For example, in Arrangement Example 2, as shown in Figures 5A to 5C and 6, the signal point arrangement of 1 / 4SIM is compared with the signal point arrangement of 2 / 4SIM by rotating the phase by θ=π / 2 and changing the amplitude.

[0084] In this way, if the number of selections K is multiple (K1, K2, . . ., K L ) In some cases, by performing different amounts of phase rotation depending on the number of selected bits, the minimum inter-codeword distance can be increased, and errors during decoding can be further reduced.

[0085] Here, the relationship between the number of resource elements and the number of bits NB of the bit sequence to be mapped is expressed by the following equations (11) and (12).

[0086]

number

[0087] In equations (11) and (12), if the left and right sides are equal, in other words, if the number of resource elements is equal to the number of bit sequences to be mapped, different bit sequences are mapped to all resource elements.

[0088] On the other hand, in equations (11) and (12), there are cases where the right-hand side is larger than the left-hand side, in other words, the number of resource elements is greater than the number of bit sequences to be mapped. For example, in the case of QPSK (1 / 2+2 / 2)SIM shown in the above-mentioned allocation example 3, the number of resource elements is 24, while the number of bit sequences that can be mapped is 16. In this case, resource elements to be used for mapping are selected from the resource elements, and the bit sequences are mapped.

[0089] <1.5. Overview of this embodiment> In a multi-access environment where multiple communication devices communicate, there is a problem that the error rate performance deteriorates due to interference between the communication devices (multi-user interference). To address this problem, a technique is known for reducing multi-user interference by providing a guard at the boundary of resources used by the communication devices (see, for example, the above-mentioned non-patent document).

[0090] However, providing a guard causes a problem of reduced resource utilization efficiency.

[0091] Therefore, the communication device according to this embodiment performs communication by allocating a signal modulated by a first modulation scheme to a first resource among predetermined resources used for communication, and allocating a signal modulated by a second modulation scheme to a second resource. The first modulation scheme is, for example, the above-mentioned IM, which is a scheme for modulating signals by combining active resources and inactive resources. The second modulation scheme is a modulation scheme different from the first modulation scheme, for example, a modulation scheme used in normal communication such as QPSK.

[0092] The first modulation scheme is less susceptible to multi-user interference than the second modulation scheme. Therefore, by allocating a signal modulated by the first modulation scheme to a first resource (for example, a resource adjacent to a resource used by another terminal device 40), it is possible to reduce multi-user interference. Furthermore, unlike a guard interval, by allocating a signal to the first resource, it is possible to suppress a decrease in resource utilization efficiency.

[0093] In this manner, in the communication system according to this embodiment, a signal modulated by a first modulation scheme is allocated to a first resource, and a signal modulated by a second modulation scheme is allocated to a second resource, thereby reducing multi-user interference while suppressing a decrease in resource utilization efficiency, and further improving the quality between wireless links.

[0094] The outline of this embodiment has been described above, and the communication system 1 according to this embodiment will now be described in detail.

[0095] <<2. Communication System Configuration>> The communication system 1 includes a base station device and is capable of wirelessly connecting with a terminal device.

[0096] The communication system 1 may be compatible with radio access technologies (RATs) such as LTE (Long Term Evolution) and NR (New Radio). LTE and NR are types of cellular communication technologies that enable mobile communication for terminal devices by arranging multiple areas covered by base stations in the form of cells.

[0097] In the following description, "LTE" includes LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-A Pro (LTE-Advanced Pro), and EUTRA (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access). NR includes NRAT (New Radio Access Technology) and FEUTRA (Further EUTRA). A single base station may manage multiple cells. In the following description, a cell compatible with LTE is referred to as an LTE cell, and a cell compatible with NR is referred to as an NR cell.

[0098] NR is the next-generation (5th generation) radio access technology (RAT) after LTE (4th generation communications including LTE-Advanced and LTE-Advanced Pro). NR is a radio access technology that can support various use cases, including eMBB (Enhanced Mobile Broadband), mMTC (Massive Machine Type Communications), and URLLC (Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications). NR is being studied with the aim of creating a technical framework that can support the usage scenarios, requirements, and deployment scenarios of these use cases.

[0099] The configuration of the communication system 1 will be specifically described below.

[0100] <2.1. Overall configuration of the communication system> 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a communication system 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication system 1 is a wireless communication system that provides a wireless access network to a terminal device. For example, the communication system 1 is a cellular communication system that uses a wireless access technology such as LTE or NR. Here, the wireless access network may be an E-UTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network) or an NG-RAN (Next Generation Radio Access Network).

[0101] As shown in Fig. 9, the communication system 1 includes a management device 10, a base station device 20, a relay device 30, and a terminal device 40. The communication devices constituting the communication system 1 operate in cooperation with each other to provide users with a wireless network that enables mobile communication. The wireless network of this embodiment is composed of a radio access network RAN ​​and a core network CN. Note that a communication device is a device that has a wireless communication function, and in the example of Fig. 9, the communication device corresponds to the base station device 20, the relay device 30, and the terminal device 40.

[0102] The communication system 1 may include a plurality of management devices 10, base station devices 20, relay devices 30, and terminal devices 40. In the example of Fig. 9, the communication system 1 includes management devices 101, 102, etc. as the management device 10. The communication system 1 also includes base station devices 201, 202, 203, etc. as the base station devices 20, and relay devices 301, 302, etc. as the relay devices 30. The communication system 1 also includes terminal devices 401, 402, 403, etc. as the terminal devices 40.

[0103] The devices in the diagram may be considered devices in the logical sense, i.e., some of the devices in the diagram may be realized as virtual machines (VMs), containers, Dockers, etc., and these may be physically implemented on the same hardware.

[0104] Note that an LTE base station may be referred to as an eNodeB (Evolved Node B) or eNB. Also, an NR base station may be referred to as an NGRAN Node (Next Generation RAN node), gNodeB, or gNB. Also, in LTE and NR, a terminal device (also referred to as a mobile station, mobile station device, or terminal) may be referred to as UE (User Equipment). Note that a terminal device is a type of communication device and may also be referred to as a mobile station, mobile station device, or terminal.

[0105] In this embodiment, the concept of a communication device includes not only portable mobile devices (terminal devices) such as mobile terminals, but also devices installed in structures or mobile bodies. The structures or mobile bodies themselves may be considered as communication devices. Furthermore, the concept of a communication device includes not only terminal devices, but also base station devices and relay devices. A communication device is a type of processing device and information processing device. Furthermore, a communication device can be referred to as a transmitting device or a receiving device.

[0106] [Management device] The management device 10 is a device that manages a wireless network. For example, the management device 10 is a device that manages communications of the base station device 20. For example, the management device 10 is a device that functions as an MME (Mobility Management Entity), an AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function), or an SMF (Session Management Function). The MME is connected to the EUTRAN via an S1 interface, and controls NAS (Non-Access Stratum) signaling between the UE and the management device, and manages the mobility of the UE. The AMF is connected to the NGRAN via an NG interface, and controls NAS (Non-Access Stratum) signaling between the UE and the management device, and manages the mobility of the UE.

[0107] The management device 10 may be included in a core network CN together with a gateway device or the like. The core network CN is a network owned by a predetermined entity (subject) such as a mobile communications carrier. For example, the core network CN is an EPC (Evolved Packet Core) or a 5GC (5G Core network). Note that the predetermined entity may be the same as or different from the entity that uses, operates, and / or manages the base station device 20.

[0108] In addition to a control plane (C-Plane) node such as the management device 10, the core network transfers user data between a packet data network (OPDN) or a data network (DN) and the RAN. It may also include a user plane (U-Plane) node. The U-Plane node in the EPC may include a Serving Gateway (S-GW) or a PDN-Gateway (P-GW). The U-Plane node in the 5GC may include a U-Plane Function (UPF). For example, the management device 10 manages the location of each terminal device 40 (UE) in the communication system 1 in area units (e.g., Tracking Area, RAN Notification Area) consisting of multiple cells for each terminal device 40. The management device 10 may grasp and manage, for each terminal device 40, which base station (or which cell) the terminal device 40 is connected to, which base station (or which cell) the terminal device 40 is located within the communication area of, etc.

[0109] The management device 10 may have a gateway function. For example, if the core network is EPC, the management device 10 may have a function as an S-GW or P-GW. If the core network is 5GC, the management device 10 may have a function as a UPF (User Plane Function). The management device 10 may be an SMF, PCF, UDM, or the like. The core network CN may include an SMF, PCF, UDM, or the like.

[0110] The management device 10 does not necessarily have to be a device that constitutes the core network CN. For example, the core network CN may be a core network of W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) or cdma2000 (Code Division Multiple Access 2000). In this case, the management device 10 may be a device that functions as an RNC (Radio Network Controller).

[0111] The management device 10 is connected to each of the multiple base station devices 20. For example, in the case of 5GS, an N2 reference point exists between the AMF and the NG-RAN, and the AMF and the NG-RAN are logically connected to each other via the NG interface.

[0112] The management device 10 manages the communications of the base station device 20. For example, the management device 10 manages the location of the terminal device 40 for each terminal device 40 in area units (for example, Tracking Area, RAN Notification Area) consisting of multiple cells. Note that the management device 10 may grasp and manage, for each terminal device 40, which base station device (or which cell) the terminal device 40 is connected to, which base station device (or which cell) the terminal device 40 is located within the communication area of, etc.

[0113] (Base station equipment) The base station device 20 is a wireless communication device that communicates wirelessly with the terminal device 40. The base station device 20 is a type of communication device. The base station device 20 is also a type of information processing device.

[0114] The base station device 20 may be, for example, a device equivalent to a wireless base station (e.g., base station, node B, eNB, gNB, etc.) or a wireless access point. If the base station device 20 is an eNB, gNB, etc., the base station device 20 may be referred to as a 3GPP access. If the base station device 20 is a wireless access point, the base station device 20 may be referred to as a non-3GPP access. The base station device 20 may also be a wireless relay node. The base station device 20 may also be an optical device called an RRH (Remote Radio Head). The base station device 20 may also be a receiving station device such as an FPU (Field Pickup Unit). The base station device 20 may also be an IAB (Integrated Access and Backhaul) donor node or an IAB relay node that provides wireless access lines and wireless backhaul lines using time division multiplexing, frequency division multiplexing, or space division multiplexing.

[0115] Note that, when the base station device 20 is a gNB, the base station device may be referred to as a combination of a gNB CU (Central Unit) and a gNB DU (Distributed Unit), or as either of them. In this embodiment, a base station of a wireless communication system may be referred to as a base station device. A base station device 20 may be configured to be able to wirelessly communicate with other base station devices 20. For example, when multiple base station devices 20 are eNBs, or a combination of eNBs and gNBs, the devices may be connected via an X2 interface. Furthermore, when multiple base station devices 20 are gNBs, or a combination of eNBs and gNBs, the devices may be connected via an Xn interface. Furthermore, when multiple base station devices 20 are a combination of gNB CUs and gNB DUs, the devices may be connected via an F1 interface. Message information (RRC signaling or DCI information) described below may be communicated between multiple base station devices 20 (for example, via the X2, Xn, or F1 interfaces).

[0116] The wireless access technology used by the base station device 20 may be cellular communication technology or wireless LAN technology. Of course, the wireless access technology used by the base station device 20 is not limited to these and may be other wireless access technologies. The wireless access technology used by the base station device 20 may be LPWA (Low Power Wide Area) communication technology. Here, LPWA communication refers to communication conforming to the LPWA standard. Examples of LPWA standards include ELTRES, ZETA, SIGFOX, LoRaWAN, and NB-IoT. Of course, the LPWA standard is not limited to these and may be other LPWA standards. Alternatively, the wireless communication used by the base station device 20 may be wireless communication using millimeter waves. Furthermore, the wireless communication used by the base station device 20 may be wireless communication using radio waves or wireless communication using infrared or visible light (optical wireless).

[0117] The base station devices 20 may be able to communicate with each other via a base station device-core network interface (e.g., S1 interface, etc.). This interface may be either wired or wireless. The base station devices may be able to communicate with each other via an inter-base station device interface (e.g., X2 interface, S1 interface, etc.). This interface may be either wired or wireless.

[0118] Note that multiple base station devices 20 may be able to communicate with each other via a base station device-core network interface (e.g., NG Interface, S1 Interface, etc.). This interface may be either wired or wireless. Furthermore, base station devices may be able to communicate with each other via an inter-base station device interface (e.g., Xn Interface, X2 Interface, etc.). This interface may be either wired or wireless.

[0119] Furthermore, the base station device 20 may be configured as a collection of multiple physical or logical devices. For example, in this embodiment, the base station may be divided into multiple devices, a BBU (Baseband Unit) and an RU (Radio Unit), and may be interpreted as a collection of these multiple devices. Additionally or alternatively, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the base station may be either or both of a BBU and an RU. The BBU and the RU may be connected via a predetermined interface (e.g., eCPRI). Additionally or alternatively, the RU may be referred to as an RRU (Remote Radio Unit) or an RD (Radio DoT). Additionally or alternatively, the RU may support the gNB-DU (gNB-DU) described below. Additionally or alternatively, the BBU may support the gNB-CU (gNB-CU) described below. Additionally or alternatively, the RU may be a device integrally formed with an antenna. The antenna of the base station (e.g., an antenna integrally formed with the RU) may employ an Advanced Antenna System and support MIMO (e.g., FD-MIMO) and beamforming. In an Advanced Antenna System, the antennas possessed by a base station (e.g., antennas integrally formed with an RU) may be equipped with, for example, 64 transmitting antenna ports and 64 receiving antenna ports.

[0120] Note that multiple base station devices 20 may be connected to each other. One or more base station devices 20 may be included in a Radio Access Network (RAN). That is, a base station may simply be referred to as a RAN, a RAN node, an Access Network (AN), or an AN node. The RAN in LTE is called EUTRAN (Enhanced Universal Terrestrial RAN). The RAN in NR is called NGRAN. The RAN in W-CDMA (UMTS) is called UTRAN.

[0121] Note that an LTE base station may be referred to as an eNodeB (Evolved Node B) or eNB. That is, the EUTRAN includes one or more eNodeBs (eNBs). Also, an NR base station may be referred to as a gNodeB or gNB. That is, the NGRAN includes one or more gNBs. Furthermore, the EUTRAN may include a gNB (en-gNB) connected to a core network (EPC) in an LTE communication system (EPS). Similarly, the NGRAN may include an ng-eNB connected to a core network 5GC in a 5G communication system (5GS).

[0122] Furthermore, when the base station is an eNB, gNB, etc., it may be referred to as 3GPP Access. Furthermore, when the base station is a wireless access point (Access Point), it may be referred to as Non-3GPP Access. Furthermore, the base station may be an optical extension device called an RRH (Remote Radio Head). Additionally or alternatively, when the base station is a gNB, it may be referred to as a combination of the above-mentioned gNB CU (Central Unit) and gNB DU (Distributed Unit), or as either of them.

[0123] The gNB CU (Central Unit) hosts multiple upper layers (e.g., RRC, SDAP, PDCP) in the Access Stratum for communication with the UE. Meanwhile, the gNB-DU hosts multiple lower layers (e.g., RLC, MAC, PHY) in the Access Stratum. That is, among the messages and information described below, RRC signaling (semi-static notification) may be generated by the gNB CU, and DCI (dynamic notification) may be generated by the gNB-DU. Alternatively, among the RRC configuration (semi-static notification), some configurations, such as cellGroupConfig Information Elements (IEs), may be generated by the gNB-DU, and the remaining configurations may be generated by the gNB-CU. These configurations may be transmitted and received over the F1 interface.

[0124] A base station device 20 may be configured to be able to communicate with other base station devices 20. For example, when multiple base station devices 20 are eNBs or a combination of an eNB and an en-gNB, the base station devices 20 may be connected to each other via an X2 interface. Furthermore, when multiple base station devices 20 are gNBs or a combination of a gn-eNB and a gNB, the devices may be connected to each other via an Xn interface. Furthermore, when multiple base station devices 20 are a combination of a gNB CU (Central Unit) and a gNB DU (Distributed Unit), the devices may be connected to each other via the above-mentioned F1 interface. Messages and information (RRC signaling or DCI information) may be communicated between multiple base stations (e.g., via the X2, Xn, or F1 interfaces).

[0125] The base station device 20 may be used, operated, and / or managed by various entities (subjects). For example, possible entities include a mobile network operator (MNO), a mobile virtual network operator (MVNO), a mobile virtual network enabler (MVNE), a neutral host network (NHN) operator, an enterprise, an educational institution (a school corporation, a local government board of education, etc.), a real estate (building, apartment, etc.) manager, an individual, etc.

[0126] Of course, the entities that use, operate, and / or manage the base station device 20 are not limited to these. The base station device 20 may be installed and / or operated by a single business operator, or may be installed and / or operated by a single individual. Of course, the entities that install and operate the base station device 20 are not limited to these. For example, the base station device 20 may be installed and operated jointly by multiple business operators or multiple individuals. Furthermore, the base station device 20 may be shared equipment used by multiple business operators or multiple individuals. In this case, the installation and / or operation of the equipment may be performed by a third party other than the user.

[0127] The concept of a base station device (also referred to as a base station) includes not only a donor base station but also a relay base station (also referred to as a relay station, relay station, relay base station, or relay station device).The concept of a base station also includes not only a structure having the functions of a base station but also a device installed in the structure.

[0128] Examples of structures include buildings such as high-rise buildings, houses, steel towers, station facilities, airport facilities, port facilities, stadiums, etc. The concept of a structure includes not only buildings, but also non-building structures such as tunnels, bridges, dams, fences, and steel pillars, as well as equipment such as cranes, gates, and windmills. The concept of a structure also includes not only land (ground in the narrow sense) or underground structures, but also structures on water such as piers and megafloats, and underwater structures such as ocean observation facilities. The base station device can be referred to as a processing device or an information processing device.

[0129] The base station device 20 may be a donor station or a relay station (relay station). The base station device 20 may also be a fixed station or a mobile station. A mobile station is a wireless communication device (e.g., a base station device) configured to be mobile. In this case, the base station device 20 may be a device installed in a mobile body, or may be the mobile body itself. For example, a relay station device with mobility can be considered as the base station device 20 as a mobile station. Furthermore, devices that are inherently mobile and have the functions of a base station device (at least some of the functions of a base station device), such as vehicles, drones (aerial vehicles), and smartphones, also fall under the category of the base station device 20 as a mobile station.

[0130] Here, the moving body may be a mobile terminal such as a smartphone, a mobile phone, etc. Furthermore, the moving body may be a moving body that moves on land (ground in the narrow sense) (for example, a vehicle such as an automobile, bicycle, bus, truck, motorcycle, train, or linear motor car), or a moving body that moves underground (for example, in a tunnel) (for example, a subway).

[0131] Furthermore, the moving body may be a moving body that moves on water (e.g., a ship such as a passenger ship, cargo ship, or hovercraft) or a moving body that moves underwater (e.g., a submersible vessel such as a submarine, submarine, or unmanned underwater vehicle).

[0132] Furthermore, the moving body may be a moving body that moves within the atmosphere (for example, an aerial vehicle such as an airplane, airship, or drone), or a moving body that moves outside the atmosphere (for example, an artificial celestial body such as an artificial satellite, spaceship, space station, or probe). A moving body that moves outside the atmosphere can be rephrased as a space moving body.

[0133] Furthermore, the base station device 20 may be a terrestrial base station device (terrestrial station device) installed on the ground. For example, the base station device 20 may be a base station device arranged on a structure on the ground, or a base station device installed on a mobile object moving on the ground. More specifically, the base station device 20 may be an antenna installed on a structure such as a building and a signal processing device connected to the antenna. Of course, the base station device 20 may also be the structure or the mobile object itself. "Terrestrial" refers not only to land (terrestrial in the narrow sense) but also to ground, on water, and underwater in a broad sense. Note that the base station device 20 is not limited to a terrestrial base station device. The base station device 20 may also be a non-terrestrial base station device (non-terrestrial station device) that can float in the air or space. For example, the base station device 20 may be an aircraft station device or a satellite station device.

[0134] An aircraft station device is a wireless communication device capable of floating in the atmosphere (including the stratosphere), such as an aircraft. The aircraft station device may be a device mounted on an aircraft, or may be the aircraft itself. The concept of aircraft includes not only heavier-than-air vehicles such as airplanes and gliders, but also lighter-than-air vehicles such as balloons and airships. The concept of aircraft also includes not only heavier-than-air vehicles and lighter-than-air vehicles, but also rotorcraft such as helicopters and autogyros. The aircraft station device (or the aircraft on which the aircraft station device is mounted) may be an unmanned aircraft such as a drone (Aerial Vehicle). When the aircraft station device functions as UE (User Equipment), the aircraft station device may be Aerial UE.

[0135] The concept of unmanned aerial vehicles also includes unmanned aerial systems (UAS) and tethered unmanned aerial systems (TAS). The concept of unmanned aerial vehicles also includes lighter than air UAS (LTA) and heavier than air UAS (HTA). The concept of unmanned aerial vehicles also includes high altitude unmanned aerial system platforms (HAPs).

[0136] A satellite station device is a wireless communication device capable of floating outside the atmosphere. The satellite station device may be a device mounted on a space vehicle such as an artificial satellite, or may be the space vehicle itself. A satellite that serves as a satellite station device may be any of a low earth orbiting (LEO) satellite, a medium earth orbiting (MEO) satellite, a geostationary earth orbiting (GEO) satellite, and a highly elliptical orbiting (HEO) satellite. Of course, the satellite station device may be a device mounted on a low earth orbiting satellite, a medium earth orbiting satellite, a geostationary satellite, or a highly elliptical orbiting satellite.

[0137] The size of the coverage of the base station device 20 may be as large as a macrocell or as small as a picocell. Of course, the size of the coverage of the base station device 20 may also be extremely small, such as a femtocell. The base station device 20 may also have beamforming capabilities. In this case, the base station device 20 may form a cell or service area for each beam.

[0138] A cell provided by the base station device 20 is called a serving cell. The serving cell may include a pCell (Primary Cell) and an sCell (Secondary Cell). When dual connectivity is provided to a UE (e.g., terminal device 40), the pCell and sCell(s) provided by a master node (MN) are called a master cell group. Examples of dual connectivity include EUTRA-EUTRA Dual Connectivity, EUTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (ENDC), EUTRA-NR Dual Connectivity with 5GC, NR-EUTRA Dual Connectivity (NEDC), and NR-NR Dual Connectivity.

[0139] Furthermore, the serving cell may include a PSCell (Primary Secondary Cell or Primary SCG Cell). That is, when dual connectivity is provided to a UE, the PSCell and sCell(s) provided by a Secondary Node (SN) are called a Secondary Cell Group (SCG).

[0140] One cell may be associated with one downlink component carrier and one uplink component carrier. Furthermore, the system bandwidth corresponding to one cell may be divided into multiple bandwidth parts (BWPs). In this case, one or multiple BWPs may be configured for a UE, and one BWP may be used by the UE as an active BWP. Furthermore, radio resources (for example, frequency band, numerology (subcarrier spacing), slot format) that the terminal device 40 can use may differ for each cell, each component carrier, or each BWP. Furthermore, one base station device may provide multiple cells.

[0141] 9, base station device 201 is connected to relay device 301, and base station device 202 is connected to relay device 302. Base station device 201 can indirectly communicate wirelessly with terminal device 40 via relay device 301. Similarly, base station device 202 can indirectly communicate wirelessly with terminal device 40 via relay device 302.

[0142] (Relay device) The relay device 30 is a device that serves as a relay station for the base station. The relay device 30 is a type of base station device. The relay device 30 is also a type of information processing device. The relay device can be called a relay base station device (or a relay base station).

[0143] The relay device 30 is capable of wireless communication with the terminal device 40. The relay device 30 relays communication between the base station device 20 and the terminal device 40. Note that the relay device 30 may be configured to be capable of wireless communication with other relay devices 30 and the base station device 20. The relay device 30 may be a terrestrial station device or a non-terrestrial station device. The relay device 30 and the base station device 20 constitute a radio access network RAN.

[0144] The relay device of this embodiment may be a fixed device, a movable device, or a floating device. The size of the coverage of the relay device of this embodiment is not limited to a specific size. For example, the cell covered by the relay device may be a macrocell, a microcell, or a small cell.

[0145] Furthermore, the relay device of the present embodiment is not limited to a device that can be installed as long as it fulfills the relay function. For example, the relay device may be installed in a terminal device such as a smartphone, a car, a rickshaw, a balloon, an airplane, a drone, or a home appliance such as a television, a game console, an air conditioner, a refrigerator, or a lighting fixture.

[0146] Alternatively, the configuration of relay device 30 may be the same as that of base station device 20 described above. For example, relay device 30 may be a device installed in a mobile object, like base station device 20 described above, or may be the mobile object itself. As described above, the mobile object may be a mobile terminal such as a smartphone or a mobile phone. Furthermore, the mobile object may be a mobile object that moves on land (terrestrial in the narrow sense) or a mobile object that moves underground. Of course, the mobile object may be a mobile object that moves on water or a mobile object that moves underwater. Additionally, the mobile object may be a mobile object that moves within the atmosphere or a mobile object that moves outside the atmosphere. Furthermore, base station device 20 may be a terrestrial station device or a non-terrestrial station device. In this case, relay device 30 may be an aircraft station device or a satellite station device.

[0147] Similarly to the base station device 20, the coverage size of the relay device 30 may be as large as a macrocell or as small as a picocell. Of course, the coverage size of the relay device 30 may also be extremely small, such as a femtocell. The relay device 30 may also have beamforming capabilities. In this case, the relay device 30 may form a cell or service area for each beam.

[0148] In addition, the configuration of relay device 30 may be the same as the configuration of base station device 20 described above.

[0149] (Terminal Device) The terminal device 40 is a wireless communication device that wirelessly communicates with the base station device 20 or the relay device 30. The terminal device 40 is, for example, a mobile phone, a smart device (smartphone or tablet), a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), or a personal computer. The terminal device 40 may also be a device such as a commercial camera equipped with a communication function, or a motorcycle or mobile broadcast van equipped with a communication device such as an FPU (Field Pickup Unit). The terminal device 40 may also be an M2M (Machine to Machine) device or an IoT (Internet of Things) device. The terminal device 40 may also be referred to as, for example, an MTC UE, an NB-IoT UE, or a Cat. M UE. The terminal device may also be referred to as an MS (Mobile Station) or a WTRU (Wireless Transmission Reception Unit).

[0150] Furthermore, the terminal device 40 may be capable of sidelink communication with other terminal devices 40. The terminal device 40 may be able to use an automatic repeat technique such as HARQ when performing sidelink communication. Furthermore, the terminal device 40 may be capable of LPWA communication with other communication devices (for example, the base station device 20, the relay device 30, and other terminal devices 40). Alternatively, the wireless communication used by the terminal device 40 may be wireless communication using millimeter waves. Note that the wireless communication (including sidelink communication) used by the terminal device 40 may be wireless communication using radio waves, or may be wireless communication using infrared rays or visible light (optical wireless).

[0151] The terminal device 40 may also be a mobile device. Here, the mobile device is a mobile wireless communication device. In this case, the terminal device 40 may be a wireless communication device installed in the mobile device, or may be the mobile device itself. For example, the terminal device 40 may be a vehicle that moves on a road, such as an automobile, a bus, a truck, or a motorcycle, or a wireless communication device mounted on the vehicle. The mobile device may be a mobile terminal, or may be a mobile device that moves on land (in the narrow sense), underground, on water, or underwater. The mobile device may be a mobile device that moves within the atmosphere, such as a drone (aerial UE) or a helicopter, or may be a mobile device that moves outside the atmosphere, such as an artificial satellite.

[0152] The terminal device 40 may simultaneously connect to multiple base station devices or multiple cells to perform communication. For example, if one base station device can provide multiple cells, the terminal device 40 can perform carrier aggregation by using one cell as a pCell and using another cell as an sCell. Furthermore, if multiple base station devices 20 can each provide one or multiple cells, the terminal device 40 can realize DC (Dual Connectivity) by using one or multiple cells managed by one base station device (MN (e.g., MeNB or MgNB)) as a pCell, or pCell and sCell(s), and using one or multiple cells managed by the other base station device (Sn (e.g., SeNB or SgNB)) as a pCell, or pCell and sCell(s). DC may also be referred to as MC (Multi Connectivity).

[0153] When a communication area is supported via cells of different base station devices 20 (multiple cells having different cell identifiers or the same cell identifier), the multiple cells can be bundled together using carrier aggregation (CA), dual connectivity (DC), or multi-connectivity (MC) technology to enable communication between the base station device 20 and the terminal device 40. Alternatively, the terminal device 40 can communicate with the multiple base station devices 20 via the cells of the different base station devices 20 using coordinated multi-point transmission and reception (CoMP) technology.

[0154] The terminal device 40 does not necessarily have to be a device that is directly used by a person. The terminal device 40 may be a sensor installed on a factory machine or the like, such as a so-called MTC (Machine Type Communication). The terminal device 40 may also be an M2M (Machine to Machine) device or an IoT (Internet of Things) device. The terminal device 40 may also be a device equipped with a relay communication function, such as D2D (Device to Device) or V2X (Vehicle to Everything). The terminal device 40 may also be a device called CPE (Client Premises Equipment) used in wireless backhaul or the like.

[0155] The configuration of each device constituting the communication system 1 according to the embodiment will be specifically described below. Note that the configuration of each device shown below is merely an example. The configuration of each device may be different from the configuration below.

[0156] <2.2. Management Device Configuration> FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example configuration of a management device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The management device 10 is a device that manages a wireless network. The management device 10 includes a communication unit 11, a storage unit 12, and a control unit 13. Note that the configuration illustrated in FIG. 10 is a functional configuration, and the hardware configuration may be different. Furthermore, the functions of the management device 10 may be distributed and implemented in multiple physically separated configurations. For example, the management device 10 may be configured by multiple server devices.

[0157] The communication unit 11 is a communication interface for communicating with other devices. The communication unit 11 may be a network interface or a device connection interface. For example, the communication unit 11 may be a LAN (Local Area Network) interface such as a NIC (Network Interface Card), or a USB (Universal Serial Bus) interface configured by a USB host controller, a USB port, etc. The communication unit 11 may be a wired interface or a wireless interface. The communication unit 11 functions as a communication means of the management device 10. The communication unit 11 communicates with the base station device 20 under the control of the control unit 13.

[0158] The storage unit 12 is a data readable / writable storage device such as a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a flash memory, or a hard disk. The storage unit 12 functions as a storage means of the management device 10. The storage unit 12 stores, for example, the connection state of the terminal device 40. For example, the storage unit 12 stores the state of the radio resource control (RRC) and the state of the EPS connection management (ECM) of the terminal device 40. The storage unit 12 may function as a home memory that stores location information of the terminal device 40.

[0159] The control unit 13 is a controller that controls each unit of the management device 10. The control unit 13 is realized by a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or an MPU (Micro Processing Unit). For example, the control unit 13 is realized by the processor executing various programs stored in a storage device inside the management device 10 using RAM (Random Access Memory) or the like as a working area. The control unit 13 may also be realized by an integrated circuit such as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) or FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). The CPU, MPU, ASIC, and FPGA can all be considered as controllers.

[0160] 2.3. Base Station Configuration Next, a description will be given of the configuration of the base station device 20. Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example configuration of the base station device 20 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0161] Base station device 20 includes a communication unit 21, a storage unit 22, a network communication unit 23, and a control unit 24. Note that the configuration shown in Fig. 11 is a functional configuration, and the hardware configuration may be different from this. Furthermore, the functions of base station device 20 may be distributed and implemented in multiple physically separated components.

[0162] The communication unit 21 is a signal processing unit for wireless communication with other wireless communication devices (e.g., terminal device 40, relay device 30, and other base station devices 20). The communication unit 21 operates under the control of the control unit 24. The communication unit 21 supports one or more wireless access methods. For example, the communication unit 21 supports both NR and LTE. The communication unit 21 may also support W-CDMA and cdma2000 in addition to NR and LTE.

[0163] The communication unit 21 includes a reception processing unit 211, a transmission processing unit 212, and an antenna 214. The communication unit 21 may include a plurality of reception processing units 211, a plurality of transmission processing units 212, and a plurality of antennas 214. When the communication unit 21 supports a plurality of radio access methods, each unit of the communication unit 21 may be configured separately for each radio access method. For example, the reception processing unit 211 and the transmission processing unit 212 may be configured separately for LTE and NR.

[0164] The reception processing unit 211 processes an uplink signal received via the antenna 214. The reception processing unit 211 includes a radio reception unit 211a, a demultiplexing unit 211b, a demodulation unit 211c, and a decoding unit 211d.

[0165] The radio receiving unit 211a performs down-conversion on the uplink signal, removal of unnecessary frequency components, control of amplification level, orthogonal demodulation, conversion to a digital signal, removal of guard intervals (cyclic prefixes), extraction of frequency domain signals by fast Fourier transform, etc. The demultiplexing unit 211b separates uplink channels such as a PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) and a PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) and an uplink reference signal from the signal output from the radio receiving unit 211a.

[0166] The demodulator 211c demodulates the received signal using a modulation scheme such as BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying) or QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) for the modulation symbols of the uplink channel. The modulation scheme used by the demodulator 211c may be 16QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), 64QAM, or 256QAM. In this case, the signal points on the constellation do not necessarily need to be equidistant. The constellation may be a non-uniform constellation (NUC).

[0167] Furthermore, the demodulator 211c demodulates the modulation symbols according to the communication method proposed in this embodiment. In this case, the demodulator 211c demodulates the modulation symbols corresponding to the first resource using a normal modulation method (first modulation method), and demodulates the modulation symbols corresponding to the second resource using IM (second modulation method). Details of the communication method proposed in this embodiment will be described later.

[0168] The decoding unit 211d performs a decoding process on the coded bits of the demodulated uplink channel, and outputs the decoded uplink data and uplink control information to the control unit 24.

[0169] The transmission processing unit 212 performs transmission processing of the downlink control information and downlink data. In this way, the transmission processing unit 212 is an acquisition unit that acquires, for example, bit sequences such as the downlink control information and downlink data from the control unit 24. The transmission processing unit 212 performs the transmission processing described above with reference to FIG. 1, for example. The transmission processing unit 212 includes an encoding unit 212a, a modulation unit 212b, a multiplexing unit 212c, and a radio transmission unit 212d.

[0170] The encoder 212a encodes the downlink control information and downlink data input from the controller 24 using a coding method such as block coding, convolutional coding, turbo coding, etc. The encoder 212a may also encode using a polar code or a low density parity check code (LDPC code).

[0171] The modulation unit 212b modulates the coded bits output from the coding unit 212a using a predetermined modulation method such as BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, or 256QAM. In this case, the signal points on the constellation do not necessarily have to be equidistant. The constellation may be a non-uniform constellation.

[0172] Furthermore, the modulation unit 212b modulates the coded bits in accordance with the communication method proposed in this embodiment. In this case, the modulation unit 212b modulates the coded bits corresponding to the first resource using a normal modulation method (first modulation method), and modulates the coded bits corresponding to the second resource using IM (second modulation method). The modulation unit 212b can also be said to be a mapping unit that maps the coded bit sequence corresponding to the second resource to resource elements in accordance with the IM. Details of the communication method proposed in this embodiment will be described later.

[0173] The multiplexing unit 212c multiplexes the modulation symbols of each channel and the downlink reference signal and allocates the multiplexed symbols to predetermined resource elements. The radio transmitting unit 212d performs various signal processing on the signal from the multiplexing unit 212c. For example, the radio transmitting unit 212d performs processing such as conversion to the time domain by fast Fourier transform, addition of a guard interval (cyclic prefix), generation of a baseband digital signal, conversion to an analog signal, quadrature modulation, up-conversion, removal of unnecessary frequency components, and power amplification. The signal generated by the transmission processing unit 212 is transmitted from the antenna 214.

[0174] The storage unit 22 is a data readable / writable storage device such as a DRAM, an SRAM, a flash memory, a hard disk, etc. The storage unit 22 functions as a storage means of the base station device 20.

[0175] The network communication unit 23 is a communication interface for communicating with a higher-level node on the network (e.g., the management device 10). For example, the network communication unit 23 is a LAN interface such as a NIC. The network communication unit 23 may be a wired interface or a wireless interface. The network communication unit 23 functions as a network communication means of the base station device 20.

[0176] The control unit 24 is a controller that controls each unit of the base station device 20. The control unit 24 is realized by a processor (hardware processor) such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or an MPU (Micro Processing Unit). For example, the control unit 24 is realized by the processor executing various programs stored in a storage device inside the base station device 20 using a RAM (Random Access Memory) or the like as a working area. The control unit 24 may also be realized by an integrated circuit such as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) or an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). The CPU, MPU, ASIC, and FPGA can all be considered as controllers.

[0177] <2.4. Relay device configuration> Next, a description will be given of the configuration of the relay device 30. Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the relay device 30 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0178] The relay device 30 includes a communication unit 31, a storage unit 32, a network communication unit 33, and a control unit 34. Note that the configuration shown in Fig. 12 is a functional configuration, and the hardware configuration may be different from this. Furthermore, the functions of the relay device 30 may be distributed and implemented in multiple physically separated configurations.

[0179] The communication unit 31 is a signal processing unit for wireless communication with other wireless communication devices (e.g., base station device 20, terminal device 40, and other relay devices 30). The communication unit 31 operates under the control of the control unit 34. The communication unit 31 supports one or more wireless access methods. For example, the communication unit 41 supports both NR and LTE. The communication unit 31 may also support W-CDMA and cdma2000 in addition to NR and LTE.

[0180] The communication unit 31 includes a reception processing unit 311, a transmission processing unit 312, and an antenna 314. The communication unit 31 may include a plurality of reception processing units 311, a plurality of transmission processing units 312, and a plurality of antennas 314. The configurations of the communication unit 31, the reception processing units 311, the transmission processing units 312, and the antennas 314 are similar to those of the communication unit 21, the reception processing units 211, the transmission processing units 212, and the antennas 214 of the base station device 20.

[0181] The storage unit 32 is a data readable / writable storage device such as a DRAM, an SRAM, a flash memory, or a hard disk. The storage unit 32 functions as a storage means of the relay device 30. The configuration of the storage unit 32 is similar to that of the storage unit 22 of the base station device 20.

[0182] The network communication unit 33 is a communication interface for communicating with a higher-level node on the network. For example, the network communication unit 33 is a LAN interface such as a NIC. The network communication unit 33 may be a wired interface or a wireless interface. The network communication unit 33 functions as a network communication means of the relay device 30. The network communication unit 33 communicates with the base station device 20 under the control of the control unit 34.

[0183] The control unit 34 is a controller that controls each unit of the relay device 30. The control unit 34 is realized by a processor (hardware processor) such as a CPU or MPU. For example, the control unit 34 is realized by the processor executing various programs stored in a storage device inside the relay device 30 using RAM or the like as a working area. The control unit 34 may also be realized by an integrated circuit such as an ASIC or FPGA. The CPU, MPU, ASIC, and FPGA can all be considered as controllers.

[0184] <2.5. Terminal Device Configuration> Next, a description will be given of the configuration of the terminal device 40. Fig. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example configuration of the terminal device 40 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0185] The terminal device 40 includes a communication unit 41, a storage unit 42, a network communication unit 43, an input / output unit 44, and a control unit 45. Note that the configuration shown in FIG. 13 is a functional configuration, and the hardware configuration may be different from this. Also, the functions of the terminal device 40 may be distributed and implemented in multiple physically separated configurations. Note that the network communication unit 43 and the input / output unit 44 may not be essential components in the configuration of the terminal device 40.

[0186] The communication unit 41 is a signal processing unit for wireless communication with other wireless communication devices (e.g., base station device 20, relay device 30, and other terminal devices 40). The communication unit 41 operates under the control of the control unit 45. The communication unit 41 supports one or more wireless access methods. For example, the communication unit 41 supports both NR and LTE. The communication unit 41 may also support W-CDMA and cdma2000 in addition to NR and LTE.

[0187] The communication unit 41 includes a reception processing unit 411, a transmission processing unit 412, and an antenna 414. The communication unit 41 may include a plurality of reception processing units 411, a plurality of transmission processing units 412, and a plurality of antennas 414. The configurations of the communication unit 41, the reception processing units 411, the transmission processing units 412, and the antennas 414 are similar to those of the communication unit 21, the reception processing units 211, the transmission processing units 212, and the antennas 214 of the base station device 20.

[0188] The storage unit 42 is a data readable / writable storage device such as a DRAM, an SRAM, a flash memory, a hard disk, etc. The storage unit 42 functions as a storage means of the terminal device 40.

[0189] The network communication unit 43 is a communication interface for communicating with a higher-level node on the network. For example, the network communication unit 43 is a LAN interface such as a NIC. The network communication unit 43 may be a wired interface or a wireless interface. The network communication unit 43 functions as a network communication means of the terminal device 40. The network communication unit 43 communicates with other devices under the control of the control unit 45.

[0190] The input / output unit 44 is a user interface for exchanging information with the user. For example, the input / output unit 44 is an operation device such as a keyboard, a mouse, operation keys, or a touch panel that allows the user to perform various operations. Alternatively, the input / output unit 44 is a display device such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an organic electroluminescence display (OLED). The input / output unit 44 may be an audio device such as a speaker or a buzzer. The input / output unit 44 may also be a lighting device such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode) lamp. The input / output unit 44 functions as input / output means (input means, output means, operation means, or notification means) of the terminal device 40.

[0191] The control unit 45 is a controller that controls each unit of the terminal device 40. The control unit 45 is realized by a processor (hardware processor) such as a CPU or an MPU. For example, the control unit 45 is realized by the processor executing various programs stored in a storage device inside the terminal device 40 using RAM or the like as a working area. The control unit 45 may also be realized by an integrated circuit such as an ASIC or an FPGA. The CPU, MPU, ASIC, and FPGA can all be considered as controllers.

[0192] <<3. Technical Features>> <3.1. Operating environment> Here, a description will be given of the environment in which the communication system 1 operates. The environment in which the communication system 1 operates is an environment in which inter-signal interference exists in at least one of the following resources. Frequency axis resources Time-based resources Power axis resources Spatial axis resources Code axis resources (interleaving, scrambling, spreading, etc.)

[0193] Examples of communications in which inter-signal interference occurs according to this embodiment include communications using non-orthogonal axes, communications in an asynchronous environment, communications in which inter-symbol interference or inter-subcarrier interference occurs, communications in which inter-cell interference occurs, and communications in which interference due to RF Impairments occurs.

[0194] Furthermore, the inter-signal interference according to this embodiment may be, for example, signal interference between a plurality of communication devices (for example, terminal devices 40). Alternatively, the inter-signal interference according to this embodiment may be interference between a plurality of transmission layer signals in one communication device, or interference between a plurality of cells. The inter-signal interference according to this embodiment includes at least one of the above-mentioned inter-signal interferences.

[0195] As a specific example, when different terminal devices 40 communicate using adjacent resources, interference between terminals may occur. An example of an environment in which such interference between signals may exist is a communication environment using non-orthogonal axes.

[0196] Alternatively, for example, when one terminal device 40 transmits signals in multiple transmission layers, interference may occur between the layers.

[0197] Furthermore, when multiple base station devices 20 communicate using the same frequency band and time resource in different cells, inter-cell interference may occur.

[0198] In this way, the communication system 1 according to this embodiment operates in an environment where inter-signal interference exists.

[0199] 3.2. Modulation Method Therefore, in the communication system 1 according to this embodiment, the communication device performs communication using a first modulation scheme in some resources (first resources). The first modulation scheme is a modulation scheme (e.g., IM) consisting of a set of active resources and inactive resources. Furthermore, in the communication system 1, the first modulation scheme is used for the purpose of suppressing inter-signal interference.

[0200] Here, a communication means using the first modulation method refers to a means for communicating by carrying information on whether the power of a resource is zero (inactive) or not zero (active), or whether the resource is being used (active) or not being used (inactive).

[0201] The signal to which the first modulation method is applied may be one or a plurality of signals.

[0202] As described above, the first modulation scheme formed by a combination of active resources and inactive resources is, for example, IM (Index Modulation) using at least one of the following resources: Frequency (axis) resources Time (axis) resources Precoder Transmit and receive beams Interleave ·scramble Transmitting antenna Propagation paths (including propagation paths generated by radio wave reflectors such as reconfigurable intelligent surfaces)

[0203] It is desirable that the resources used in the first modulation scheme, that is, the resources to be switched ON / OFF, are the same as the resources of interference occurring in the operating environment of the above-described communication system 1. As described above, the first modulation scheme is used to suppress inter-signal interference. Therefore, by applying the first modulation scheme to resources where interference may occur, the communication device can further suppress inter-signal interference.

[0204] Furthermore, in the communication system 1 according to this embodiment, the communication device performs communication using a second modulation scheme in second resources (e.g., resources excluding the first resources). The second modulation scheme is a modulation scheme such as BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying), QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying), 16QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), 64QAM, or 256QAM, which is different from the first modulation scheme.

[0205] <3.3. Resource Allocation> In the communication system 1 according to this embodiment, a communication device performs wireless communication using predetermined resources. The predetermined resources include a first resource to which a signal modulated by a first modulation scheme is assigned, and a second resource to which a signal modulated by a second modulation scheme is assigned.

[0206] Here, the positions of the first resource and the second resource are determined based on at least one of semi-static notification and dynamic notification from the base station device 20, for example.

[0207] As described above, the first modulation scheme is a modulation scheme in which error rate performance is less likely to deteriorate even when inter-signal interference occurs. Therefore, it is desirable that the first resource corresponding to the first modulation scheme (to which the signal modulated by the first modulation scheme is allocated) be allocated to a resource where inter-signal interference is likely to occur.

[0208] Here, an example of allocation of the first and second resources according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to Fig. 14. Fig. 14 is a diagram showing an example of allocation of the first and second resources according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0209] Here, it is assumed that the base station device 20 divides a frequency resource into a plurality of divided resources (bands) and assigns the divided resources to the terminal devices 40, thereby simultaneously performing wireless communication with a plurality of terminal devices 40. Note that here, the terminal devices 40 that perform wireless communication with the base station device 20 are respectively referred to as terminal A, terminal B, ...

[0210] In the example shown in Fig. 14, base station device 20 allocates resource A to wireless communication with terminal A, and allocates resource B to wireless communication with terminal B. Although not shown in Fig. 14, for example, base station device 20 may allocate resource C to be used for wireless communication with terminal C to the higher frequency side than resource B. Also, in Fig. 14, the description will be given assuming that base station device 20 does not allocate resources to be used for wireless communication with terminal device 40 to the lower frequency side than resource A.

[0211] At this time, for example, in wireless communication with terminal A, base station device 20 sets a part of resource A as the first resource and the remaining resource as the second resource. Similarly, for example, in wireless communication with terminal B, base station device 20 sets a part of resource B as the first resource and the remaining resource as the second resource.

[0212] As described above, the first resource is allocated with a signal modulated by a first modulation scheme in order to suppress inter-signal interference, and therefore, it is desirable to allocate the first resource to a resource where inter-signal interference is likely to occur.

[0213] 14, inter-signal interference is likely to occur in resources adjacent to resources allocated to other terminal devices 40. Therefore, the base station device 20 allocates first resources to one or more resources adjacent to resources allocated to other terminal devices 40. For example, in the example of FIG. 14, the base station device 20 designates the end of the resources allocated to the terminal device 40 as first resources, and the remaining resources as second resources.

[0214] 14, for example, the base station device 20 allocates 16 subcarriers (#1 to #16) to one terminal device 40. The base station device 20 and the terminal device 40 perform wireless communication using, of the 16 subcarriers, four subcarriers from the boundary with the subcarriers allocated to other terminal devices 40 as first resources, and perform wireless communication using the remaining subcarriers as second resources.

[0215] Specifically, terminal A performs wireless communication using subcarriers #1 to #12 of resource A as second resources and subcarriers #13 to #16 as first resources. Terminal B performs wireless communication using subcarriers #5 to #12 of resource B as second resources and subcarriers #1 to #4 and #13 to #16 as first resources.

[0216] Note that terminal A allocates one end of resource A as the first resource, while terminal B allocates both ends of resource B as the first resource. This is because resource A is adjacent to resource B on the high frequency side, while resource B is adjacent to resource A on the low frequency side and resource C (not shown) on the high frequency side.

[0217] In this way, even if a resource used for wireless communication is at an end, if it is not adjacent to resources allocated to other terminal devices 40, interference between signals is unlikely to occur at that end, so the first resource may not be allocated to that end.

[0218] For example, the first resource does not necessarily have to be allocated to the resource at the edge of the band of the component carrier (resource A in FIG. 14), because, as described above, it is considered that there are no adjacent terminals that cause interference in the resource at the edge of the band.

[0219] The second modulation scheme corresponding to the second resource has a higher resource usage efficiency than the first modulation scheme, and therefore, by allocating the second resource to the resource at the edge of the band, the communication system 1 can further improve the resource usage efficiency.

[0220] As described above, the first modulation scheme corresponding to the first resource is composed of a set of active and inactive resources. Therefore, in Fig. 14, active resources (e.g., subcarriers #13 and #15 of resource A) among the first resources are shown by solid lines, and inactive resources (e.g., subcarriers #14 and #16 of resource B) are shown by dotted lines.

[0221] Also, in FIG. 14, four subcarriers from the adjacent resource boundary are set as the first resource, but this is not limited to this. The number of resources (subcarriers) to be allocated as the first resource may be one or more, and may be three or less, or five or more. For example, the base station device 20 may set all of the subcarriers (resources) allocated to the terminal device 40 as the first resource. The number of resources to be allocated as the first resource can be changed as appropriate depending on, for example, the magnitude of interference and the processing capacity of the terminal device 40. Therefore, the base station device 20 can determine the size of the first resource (the number of resources) depending on the interference, the processing capacity of the terminal device 40, etc.

[0222] <3.4. Notification of control information> The control information including the information related to the above-described first resource is notified from the base station device 20 to the terminal device 40 as a semi-static notification and / or a dynamic notification.

[0223] For example, the base station device 20 transmits the following information to the terminal device 40 as a semi-static notification: Information regarding the implementation of wireless communication using a first modulation method and a second modulation method Information about the first resource Information on the correspondence between information bits and active / inactive resources when implementing the first modulation method

[0224] The base station device 20 notifies the terminal device 40 of this information using, for example, MIB, SIB, RRC signaling, or the like.

[0225] Here, the information on the correspondence between information bits and active / inactive resources when the first modulation scheme is implemented is information indicating the correspondence between sets of active and inactive resources and information bits. For example, this information is allocation information indicating which information bits are allocated to the sets of active and inactive resources shown in Figures 5A to 5C described above. An example of such allocation information will be described later.

[0226] Furthermore, for example, the base station device 20 transmits the following information to the terminal device 40 as a dynamic notification: Information about resource mapping Information regarding the implementation of wireless communication using a first modulation method and a second modulation method

[0227] The base station device 20 notifies the terminal device 40 of this information using, for example, DCI, MAC CE, and the like.

[0228] <3.5. Determining the Transmission Signal Size> When the communication system 1 performs wireless communication using the first modulation scheme, the method of determining the transmission signal size (for example, transport block size) is changed as follows.

[0229] Here, the conventional transmission signal size (Intermediate number of information bits (N info )) is determined according to the following equation (13), as described in Chapter 5.1.3.2 of TS38.214.

[0230]

number

[0231] where N RE is the number of resource elements, R is the target code rate, and Q m is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers. Here, the modulation order Q m For example, for QPSK, m = 2, and Q for 16QAM m = 4, Q for 64QAM m = 6. If the definition of modulation order is QAM modulation order Q m '(For example, QPSK is Q m '=4, 16QAM is Q m '=16, 64QAM is Q m '=64, etc.), then Q m = log2Q m ', the same calculation can be performed. Note that hereinafter, the method of determining the transmission signal size according to equation (13) is also referred to as the second determination method.

[0232] On the other hand, in the communication system 1 according to this embodiment, wireless communication is performed using the first modulation scheme. In this case, the transmission signal size (Intermediate number of information bits (N info )) is determined according to equation (14) as follows: Note that here, it is assumed that the first modulation scheme is applied to all resources, that is, all resources used for communication with the terminal device 40 are the first resources.

[0233]

number

[0234] where N RE is the number of resource elements, and N is the number of resource elements included in one active / inactive pair in the first modulation scheme. B is the number of transmission bits that can be transmitted with N resource elements. R is the target code rate, Q m is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers. Note that hereinafter, the method of determining the transmission signal size according to equation (14) will also be referred to as the first determination method.

[0235] Furthermore, when the first modulation scheme is applied to some resources, that is, when the resources used for communication with the terminal device 40 include the first resource and the second resource, the transmission signal size is determined as follows.

[0236] The transmission signal size N transmitted on the first resource info_config1 is determined according to the following equation (15):

[0237]

number

[0238] where N RE_config1 is the number of resource elements (of the first resource) corresponding to the first modulation scheme. N is the number of resource elements included in one active / inactive set in the first modulation scheme. N B is the number of transmission bits that can be transmitted with N resource elements. R is the target code rate, Q m is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers.

[0239] Furthermore, the transmission signal size N info_config2 is determined according to the following equation (16):

[0240]

number

[0241] N RE_config2 is the number of resource elements (of the second resource) corresponding to the second modulation scheme. R is the target code rate, Q m is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers.

[0242] Therefore, the transmission signal size N info is determined according to the following equation (17):

[0243]

number

[0244] As described above, in the communication system 1 according to this embodiment, the size of a transmission signal transmitted using a first resource is determined according to a first determination method, and the size of a transmission signal transmitted using a second resource is determined according to a second determination method that is different from the first determination method. Furthermore, the size of a transmission signal transmitted using a predetermined resource that is the sum of the size of the transmission signal transmitted using the first resource and the size of the transmission signal transmitted using the second resource.

[0245] <<4. Communication Processing>> <4.1. Communication processing> The above describes an example of the communication processing executed in the communication system 1. Fig. 15 is a sequence diagram showing an example of the communication processing executed in the communication system 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0246] 15, the terminal device 40 notifies the base station device 20 of its own capability information (step S401). Here, the capability information may include information indicating whether or not wireless communication using the first modulation scheme is supported.

[0247] The base station device 20 notifies the terminal device 40 of semi-static information (step S402). The semi-static information notified here may include information related to wireless communication using the above-mentioned first modulation scheme.

[0248] The terminal device 40 controls the wireless communication using the first modulation method (control A) based on the received semi-static information (step S403). Details of control A will be described later.

[0249] Next, the base station device 20 notifies the terminal device 40 of dynamic information by using, for example, downlink control information (step S404). The dynamic information notified here may include information related to wireless communication using the above-mentioned first modulation scheme.

[0250] The terminal device 40 controls the wireless communication using the first modulation method (control B) based on the received semi-static information (step S405). Details of control B will be described later.

[0251] (Control A) Here, details of the control A performed by the terminal device 40 in step S403 of the above-mentioned communication processing will be described.

[0252] For example, the terminal device 40 performs control A when performing communication at the time of initial access (for example, 2-Step RACH, etc.) or when transmitting from a state such as RRC Idle or RRC Inactive. In this case, the terminal device 40 performs control A using information on available resources for communication acquired from the base station device 20. Such information is notified, for example, by system information. Furthermore, the information on available resources notified here includes, for example, information on available resources for communication at the time of initial access (for example, 2-Step RACH, etc.) or when transmitting from a state such as RRC Idle or RRC Inactive.

[0253] The terminal device 40 performs control A by performing communication using the first modulation scheme and / or the second modulation scheme based on implementation information regarding whether to perform communication using the first modulation scheme. The implementation information is notified from the base station device 20. The implementation information may be explicitly notified from the base station device 20. Alternatively, the implementation information may be implicitly notified by being linked to information such as component carriers, BWPs, resource blocks, subcarriers, slots, symbols, and non-orthogonal axis resources.

[0254] Furthermore, the terminal device 40 communicates with the base station device 20 as control A based on allocation information related to resources (first resources) to which a first modulation scheme is applied, among resources allocated for communication (hereinafter also referred to as communication resources). Such allocation information is information notified from the base station device 20, and includes, for example, information related to the allocation and size of the first resources, such as how many resources from the end of the communication resources should be designated as first resources. Specifically, when the resources are frequency resources (subcarriers), the allocation information includes, for example, information indicating that m (m is an integer equal to or greater than 1) subcarriers from both ends or one end of the communication resources should be designated as first resources.

[0255] Furthermore, the terminal device 40 communicates with the base station device 20 as control A based on modulation information related to a first modulation scheme. Such a modulation scheme is information indicating the correspondence between a combination pattern of active resources and inactive resources and information bits in the first modulation scheme, such as a modulation table. The modulation information may include, for example, information specifying a modulation table to be used from multiple modulation tables determined in advance by specifications or the like. Alternatively, the modulation information may include the modulation table itself indicating how information bits are mapped to the combination pattern.

[0256] The terminal device 40 uses implementation information, allocation information, modulation information, etc., semi-statically notified from the base station device 20 to carry out communication applying the first modulation method and / or the second modulation method as control A.

[0257] (Control B) In the above-described control A, the terminal device 40 performs communication based on information acquired as a semi-static notification. On the other hand, in control B, communication is performed based on information acquired as a dynamic notification in addition to information acquired as a semi-static notification, similar to control A.

[0258] For example, it is assumed that the terminal device 40 has acquired implementation information indicating whether or not to apply the first modulation scheme to communication as a dynamic notification. In this case, the terminal device 40 determines whether or not to apply the first modulation scheme based on the implementation information acquired as a dynamic notification, regardless of the implementation information acquired as a semi-static notification. For example, when communication applying the first modulation scheme is to be performed based on the dynamic notification, the terminal device 40 performs communication based on the allocation information and modulation information acquired as a semi-static notification, as in control A. On the other hand, when communication applying the first modulation scheme is not to be performed, the terminal device 40 performs communication applying the second modulation scheme to all communication resources, for example.

[0259] 4.2. Transmit Signal Processing Here, an example of transmission signal processing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to Fig. 16. Fig. 16 is a diagram for describing an example of transmission signal processing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Here, a case will be described in which a communication device performs transmission signal processing by applying subcarrier IM.

[0260] As shown in FIG. 16, the frequency domain transmitted signal X k For the frequency domain diffusion matrix C pro The frequency is spread using the time domain signal x k This process is expressed as the following equation (18).

[0261]

number

[0262] In addition, Xk is the transmitted signal of user k. C pro is the frequency domain diffusion matrix, and c pro is the diffusion matrix in the time domain. F H is the IDFT matrix.

[0263] The communication device generates a time domain transmission signal x based on equation (18). k By adding a CP to the signal, a transmission signal to be sent to the other party is generated.

[0264] 4.3. Received signal processing Here, an example of received signal processing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to Fig. 17. Fig. 17 is a diagram for describing an example of received signal processing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Here, a case will be described in which a communication device performs received signal processing on a received signal to which subcarrier IM is applied.

[0265] As shown in Fig. 17, the communication device removes the CP added to the received signal, performs despreading in the time domain, and extracts the signal addressed to the device itself. The communication device then performs DFT on the extracted signal to convert it to the frequency domain, performs frequency equalization, and performs IDFT to generate received data addressed to the device itself from the received signal.

[0266] Such reception signal processing is expressed as the following equation (19).

[0267]

number

[0268] In addition, c pro is a spreading matrix in the time domain and is expressed by the above equation (20), and Λk is a channel circulant matrix.

[0269] <<5. Simulation>> A simulation was performed to compare the error rate performance when the first modulation method was applied and when the first modulation method was not applied. First, the environment in which the simulation was performed will be described below.

[0270] 5.1 Interference between users First, it is assumed that the received signal received by the communication device is expressed by the following equation (21).

[0271]

number

[0272] Also, assume that the channel responses of received signals from multiple users are the channel responses shown in Fig. 18. Fig. 18 is a diagram for explaining an example of inter-user interference according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0273] FIG. 18 shows the channel responses of the received signals of four users, user 0 to user 3. In the example of FIG. 18, resources are allocated to user 0, user 1, user 2, and user 3 in that order from top to bottom. When the received signal reaches user 0 via the propagation path, a portion of the received signal from user 0 leaks into the resource for user 1, causing interference. Similarly, a portion of the received signal from user 1 interferes with the received signal from user 2, and a portion of the received signal from user 2 interferes with the received signal from user 3. Note that a portion of the received signal from user 3 rotates and interferes with the received signal from user 1.

[0274] It is assumed that interference between users occurs according to the number of paths of the channel in this way. In this case, when the first modulation scheme is applied to the signal of each user, the reason why interference can be reduced more than when the first modulation scheme is not applied and the second modulation scheme is applied without applying the first modulation scheme will be described with reference to FIG. 19. FIG. 19 is a diagram for describing an example of signal interference according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Note that, in FIG. 19, interference caused by user 0 will be described for the sake of simplicity, but as described above, users 1 to 3 also cause interference to other users in the same way.

[0275] As shown in the upper left diagram of Figure 19, when the second modulation scheme is applied to the signal of each user, information is transmitted on a subcarrier-by-subcarrier basis. As described above, inter-user interference occurs in which part of the signal received by user 0 interferes with the signal received by user 1. Therefore, as shown in the lower left diagram of Figure 19, multi-user interference (MUI) occurs in part of the signal received by user 1.

[0276] On the other hand, when the first modulation scheme is applied to the signal of each user, information is transmitted by the entire signal block, as shown in the upper right diagram of Fig. 19. More specifically, information is transmitted by a combination of active subcarriers (hatched squares) and inactive subcarriers (open squares).

[0277] Here, inactive subcarriers have, for example, zero transmission signal power and are less likely to interfere with other received signals. Therefore, by applying the first modulation scheme to a signal and transmitting it, the first modulation scheme, which uses some subcarriers, is less likely to interfere with other users' received signals than the second modulation scheme, which uses all subcarriers. This reduces multi-user interference (MUI), as shown in the lower right diagram of Figure 19.

[0278] <5.2. Example of information bit allocation> Next, we will explain the allocation (mapping) of information bits in the first modulation method used in the simulation. In the simulation, the first modulation method was applied to all resources (subcarriers) used for communication. In other words, all resources used for communication were the first resources.

[0279] Here, for example, the description will be given assuming that the resources (first resources) used for communication are eight subcarriers, two of which are active subcarriers, and the remaining six are inactive subcarriers. Note that active subcarriers are subcarriers whose transmission power is not zero, and inactive subcarriers are subcarriers whose transmission power is zero.

[0280] In the following description, in order to distinguish between the eight subcarriers, the eight subcarriers may be given indexes of subcarriers #1 to #8 in ascending order of frequency.

[0281] In this embodiment, for example, subcarriers adjacent to subcarriers allocated to other users (e.g., subcarriers #1, #8) are used, i.e., the priority of allocation to active subcarriers is lowered. In other words, the closer to the boundary with the resources allocated to other users, the lower the priority of selection as an active subcarrier. This makes it possible to further reduce interference to other users.

[0282] Table 1 shows an example of allocation in which two subcarriers out of eight subcarriers are allocated as active subcarriers.

[0283] [Table 1]

[0284] Although the case where all the usage resources are set as the first resources has been described here, the same applies when only a portion of the usage resources are set as the first resources. That is, even when only a portion of the usage resources are set as the first resources, the closer a resource is to the boundary with other resources, the higher the priority for selecting it as an inactive resource and the lower the priority for selecting it as an active resource. This makes it possible to further reduce interference with other users.

[0285] 5.3. Simulation Results In an environment where the above-mentioned inter-user interference occurs, the error rate characteristics were calculated by simulation when the first modulation scheme was applied to the transmission signal and when the first modulation scheme was not applied. The simulation conditions other than the above-mentioned environment are shown in Table 2.

[0286] [Table 2]

[0287] 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of a simulation result according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The horizontal axis of FIG. 20 represents the ratio of signal power per bit to noise density (E b 20 shows the case where the first modulation method is applied (Proposed), and the dotted line shows the case where the second modulation method is applied without applying the first modulation method (Conventional).

[0288] As shown in Figure 20, for example, BER=10 -6 Required E to achieve b When comparing at / N0, when the first modulation method is applied, the required E b It can be seen that / N0 is reduced by approximately 10 dB.

[0289] In this way, inter-user interference can be reduced by communication using the first modulation scheme. Therefore, for example, by applying the first modulation scheme to a resource where inter-user interference is likely to occur, such as a resource boundary, as the first resource, it is possible to further reduce inter-user interference. Furthermore, by applying the first modulation scheme to signal transmission rather than using the first resource as a guard interval, it is possible to improve resource utilization efficiency. This makes it possible to further improve the quality between wireless links.

[0290] <<6. Other embodiments>> In the above-described embodiment, among predetermined resources, a signal modulated by a first modulation scheme is allocated to a first resource, and a signal modulated by a second modulation scheme is allocated to a second resource. In this case, at least a portion of the first resource may be multiplexed with at least a portion of the second resource. That is, at least a portion of the first resource may be multiplexed with at least a portion of the second resource on a transmitting device or a channel.

[0291] For example, some of the first resources may be multiplexed with some or all of the second resources, or some of the second resources may be multiplexed with some or all of the first resources.

[0292] Here, the first modulation scheme is assumed to be, for example, a modulation scheme that is configured by whether or not to spread a transmission signal by a predetermined spreading sequence, i.e., IM (Index Modulation) that uses a spreading code.

[0293] In this way, a signal modulated by IM using a spreading code is assigned to the first resource, thereby multiplexing at least a portion of the first resource with at least a portion of the second resource. More specifically, a transmission signal assigned to the third resource is spread to the first resource by a first modulation scheme using a spreading code. At least a portion of the first resource overlaps with at least a portion of the second resource. As a result, at least a portion of the first resource and at least a portion of the second resource are multiplexed.

[0294] As described above, the first modulation scheme is a modulation scheme consisting of a set of active resources and inactive resources. The first modulation scheme is, for example, an IM using Frequency, Time, Resource Element (including REG, CCE, and CORESET), Resource Block, Bandwidth Part, Component Carrier, etc. The first modulation scheme is also, for example, an IM using Symbol, Sub-Symbol, Slot, Mini-Slot, Subslot, Subframe, Frame, etc. The first modulation scheme is also, for example, an IM using Spreading Code, Multi-access physical resource, Multi-access signature, etc.

[0295] The second modulation method is a modulation method formed by a set of complex signal points, such as M-PSK or M-QAM.

[0296] The communication system 1 performs communication by combining a first modulation scheme and a second modulation scheme. For example, the communication system 1 performs communication by combining the first modulation scheme and the second modulation scheme within an allocated predetermined frequency band or an allocated predetermined time resource.

[0297] Here, examples of the allocated predetermined frequency band include a component carrier, a Bandwidth Part (BWP), a scheduled frequency resource, etc. Also, examples of the allocated predetermined time resource include a Symbol, a Sub-Symbol, a Slot, a Mini-Slot, a Subslot, a Subframe, and a Frame, etc.

[0298] Data to which a first modulation scheme is applied (hereinafter also referred to as first transmission data) and data to which a second modulation scheme is applied (hereinafter also referred to as second transmission data) may be determined, for example, according to QoS (Quality of Service).

[0299] For example, the second modulation method may be applied to data requiring higher throughput as the second transmission data, and the first modulation method may be applied to data of a short packet not requiring higher throughput as the first transmission data.

[0300] For example, a first channel to which a first modulation scheme is applied and a second channel to which a second modulation scheme is applied may be determined statically or quasi-statically. Examples of the first channel and the second channel include a data channel and a control channel, which will be described below. Logical channel: BCCH, PCCH, CCCH, DCCH, DTCH, etc. Transport channel: BCH, DL-SCH, UL-SCH, PCH, etc. Physical channel: PBCH, PDCCH, PUCCH, PSCCH, PDSCH, PUSCH, PSSCH, PRACH, etc.

[0301] In this way, at least a portion of the first resources to which the first modulation scheme is applied and at least a portion of the second resources to which the second modulation scheme is applied are multiplexed on the transmitting device or the propagation channel.

[0302] In this way, at least a portion of the first resource is multiplexed with at least a portion of the second resource. For example, the ratio of the first resource and the second resource to be multiplexed may be determined in advance. Alternatively, the ratio may be determined dynamically or semi-statically.

[0303] When the ratio is predetermined, for example, the first resource and the second resource are multiplexed at a uniquely determined ratio.

[0304] The ratio is semi-statically determined by notification using control information such as RRC signaling, system information, etc. In this case, after receiving the notification, the transmitting device changes the ratio to the notified ratio after a predetermined time has elapsed, and multiplexes the first resource and the second resource.

[0305] The ratio is dynamically determined by control information such as DCI or MAC CE, which is notified in a layer such as a physical layer or a MAC layer. In this case, after receiving the notification by the control information, the transmitting device changes the ratio to the notified ratio after a predetermined time has elapsed, and multiplexes the first resource and the second resource.

[0306] In this way, by multiplexing at least a portion of the first resources and at least a portion of the second resources, the amount of transmission resources increases. This improves frequency utilization efficiency. Furthermore, by not multiplexing all of the first resources and the second resources, a signal is transmitted without multiplexing a portion of the first resources and / or the second resources. By transmitting a signal using resources that are not multiplexed, the signal becomes less susceptible to interference. This allows the transmitting device of communication system 1 to flexibly multiplex the first and second resources and transmit a signal according to the channel quality and the interference removal capability of the receiving side.

[0307] (Example of resource duplication) 21 and 22 are diagrams for explaining multiplexing of first and second resources according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Here, a case where a spreading code is used as the first modulation scheme will be described, but a modulation scheme other than the spreading code may also be used as the first modulation scheme. Also, here, it is assumed that the predetermined resources used for signal transmission are eight subcarriers.

[0308] Fig. 21 shows a first modulation scheme, i.e., predetermined resources before applying a spreading code. A first transmission signal is allocated to first to fourth subcarriers #1 to #4 shown in Fig. 21. The first transmission signal is a transmission bit string modulated by a first modulation scheme. That is, a spreading code is applied to the signals of the first to fourth subcarriers #1 to #4. Here, the first to fourth subcarriers #1 to #4 are also referred to as third resources.

[0309] Furthermore, a second transmission signal is allocated to the fifth to eighth subcarriers #5 to #8. The second transmission signal is a transmission bit sequence modulated by a second modulation method. That is, modulation such as M-PSK or M-QAM is applied to the signals of the fifth to eighth subcarriers #5 to #8.

[0310] 22 shows a signal S1 obtained after the first modulation scheme is applied to the first transmission signal. The first transmission signal allocated to the third resource (first to fourth subcarriers #1 to #4) is spread and allocated to the first resource (first to eighth subcarriers #1 to #8).

[0311] The second transmission signal is not spread, and therefore the second transmission signal (signal S2 in FIG. 22) is allocated to the fifth to eighth subcarriers #5 to #8.

[0312] In the example of FIG. 22, the first transmission signal is spread, so that part of the first resource is multiplexed with all of the second resource. The resource obtained by combining the first resource and the second resource is the predetermined resource. The third resource to which the first transmission signal is allocated before spreading is orthogonal to the second resource. That is, the first transmission signal and the second transmission signal are allocated to resources that are orthogonal to each other (for example, the third resource and the second resource). Then, the first transmission signal is spread on the first resource. As a result, the signal S1 allocated to the first resource and the second transmission signal allocated to the second resource are multiplexed.

[0313] Fig. 23 is a diagram showing the correspondence between the first transmission signal and the spreading sequence. As shown in Fig. 23, each bit of the first transmission signal is assigned to each subcarrier. That is, one bit ("0" or "1") is assigned to one subcarrier. A different spreading sequence is assigned to each bit value ("0" or "1").

[0314] In the example of Fig. 23, spreading sequence C0 or spreading sequence C1 is applied to first subcarrier #1. For example, when "0" is assigned to first subcarrier #1, spreading sequence C0 is assigned to first subcarrier #1. Similarly, spreading sequence C2 or spreading sequence C3 is applied to second subcarrier #2. In this way, the first transmission signal is spread with spreading sequences according to the bit values ​​assigned to each subcarrier.

[0315] 24 is a diagram illustrating an application example of a spreading sequence according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 24, a bit "0" is assigned to the first subcarrier #1. A bit "1" is assigned to the second subcarrier #2. A bit "0" is assigned to the third subcarrier #3. A bit "0" is assigned to the fourth subcarrier #4.

[0316] When a "0" bit is assigned to the first subcarrier #1, spreading sequence C0 is applied (see FIG. 23). Therefore, in the example of FIG. 24, spreading sequence C0 is used for the bits assigned to the first subcarrier #1. On the other hand, spreading sequence C1 is not used.

[0317] In Figure 24, the spreading sequence used for modulation in each subcarrier is called the "used spreading sequence." The spreading sequence not used for modulation in each subcarrier is called the "unused spreading sequence."

[0318] 24, the spreading sequences used for the first to fourth subcarriers #1 to #4 are spreading sequences C0, C3, C4, and C6, and the unused spreading sequences for the first to fourth subcarriers #1 to #4 are spreading sequences C1, C2, C5, and C7.

[0319] The transmitting device spreads a first transmission signal allocated to the first to fourth subcarriers #1 to #4 using a spreading sequence according to the bit value of each subcarrier, and allocates the spread signal S1 to a first resource for transmission. The transmitting device allocates a signal S2 modulated using a second modulation scheme (second transmission signal) to a second resource for transmission. As described above, the first resource and the second resource overlap in the fifth to eighth subcarriers #5 to #8. Therefore, the spread signal S1 is multiplexed with the signal S2 modulated using the second modulation scheme and transmitted.

[0320] Although it has been described herein that one transmitting device multiplexes and transmits the signal S1 and the signal S2, this is not limiting. For example, a first transmitting device may transmit the signal S1, and a second transmitting device different from the first transmitting device may transmit the signal S2. In this case, the signals S1 and S2 are multiplexed on a propagation channel.

[0321] Furthermore, the destinations of the signals S1 and S2 may be the same user (one receiving device) or different users (different receiving devices). That is, the signals S1 and S2 may be transmitted to one receiving device. Alternatively, the signal S1 may be transmitted to a first receiving device, and the signal S2 may be transmitted to a second receiving device different from the first receiving device.

[0322] (Interference removal processing) The receiving device performs despreading on the received signal and demodulates the signal. The signal is a multiplexed signal in which signals S1 and S2 are multiplexed. The receiving device, for example, performs correlation value detection on the despread signal to determine the spreading sequence applied to the multiplexed signal. After determining the spreading sequence, the receiving device applies a canceller to the multiplexed signal to remove interference from the multiplexed signal and decode the multiplexed signal.

[0323] For example, the receiving device removes interference from the multiplexed signal by performing successive interference cancellation (SIC) using a successive canceller. The receiving device, for example, uses the successive canceller to sequentially cancel interference starting from either the first resource or the second resource.

[0324] 25 is a diagram for explaining an example of successive interference cancellation processing according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The successive interference cancellation processing shown in FIG. 25 is executed by a receiving device. The receiving device performs the successive interference cancellation processing to cancel interference from a multiplexed signal.

[0325] 25, the receiving device first demodulates a first resource of a received signal (an example of a multiplexed signal) (step S501). Specifically, the receiving device demodulates a signal allocated to the first resource of the received signal to generate a first demodulated signal. The receiving device generates a first soft symbol replica based on the first demodulated signal.

[0326] The receiving device uses the first soft symbol replica to remove the signal assigned to the first resource from the received signal and generate a first removed signal (step S502). The receiving device demodulates the second resource of the first removed signal (step S503). Specifically, the receiving device demodulates the signal assigned to the second resource of the first removed signal and generates a second demodulated signal. The receiving device generates a second soft symbol replica based on the second demodulated signal.

[0327] The receiving device uses the second soft symbol replica to remove the signal assigned to the second resource from the received signal to generate a second removed signal (step S504). The receiving device demodulates the first resource of the second removed signal (step S505). Specifically, the receiving device demodulates the signal assigned to the first resource of the second removed signal to generate a third demodulated signal. The receiving device generates a third soft symbol replica based on the third demodulated signal. The receiving device outputs the third demodulated signal as a first information bit sequence that is the demodulation result of signal S1.

[0328] The receiving device uses the third soft symbol replica to remove the signal assigned to the first resource from the received signal to generate a third removed signal (step S506). The receiving device demodulates the second resource of the third removed signal (step S507). Specifically, the receiving device demodulates the signal assigned to the second resource of the third removed signal to generate a fourth demodulated signal. The receiving device outputs the fourth demodulated signal as a second information bit sequence, which is the demodulation result of signal S2.

[0329] Although the number of times interference cancellation is repeated by the receiving device (SIC number) is set to two here, the number of times SIC is not limited to this. For example, the number of times SIC may be three or more. That is, the receiving device may repeatedly perform interference cancellation three or more times.

[0330] Although the receiving device is described here as canceling interference using successive interference cancellation, the interference cancellation method is not limited to this. For example, the receiving device may cancel interference using parallel interference cancellation (PIC).

[0331] 26 is a diagram for explaining an example of parallel interference cancellation processing according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The parallel interference cancellation processing shown in FIG. 26 is executed by a receiving device. The receiving device performs the parallel interference cancellation processing to cancel interference from a multiplexed signal.

[0332] In the example of Fig. 26, the receiving device first demodulates a first resource of a received signal (an example of a multiplexed signal) (step S601). Specifically, the receiving device demodulates a signal allocated to the first resource of the received signal to generate a first demodulated signal. The receiving device generates a first soft symbol replica based on the first demodulated signal.

[0333] The receiving device uses the first soft symbol replica to remove the signal assigned to the first resource from the received signal to generate a first removed signal (step S602). The receiving device demodulates the second resource of the first removed signal (step S603). Specifically, the receiving device demodulates the signal assigned to the second resource of the first removed signal to generate a second demodulated signal. The receiving device outputs the second demodulated signal as a second information bit sequence that is the demodulation result of signal S2.

[0334] The receiving device demodulates the second resource of the received signal (step S604). Specifically, the receiving device demodulates the signal allocated to the second resource of the received signal to generate a fifth demodulated signal. The receiving device generates a fourth soft symbol replica based on the fifth demodulated signal.

[0335] The receiving device uses the fourth soft symbol replica to remove the signal assigned to the second resource from the received signal to generate a fourth removed signal (step S605). The receiving device demodulates the first resource of the fourth removed signal (step S606). Specifically, the receiving device demodulates the signal assigned to the first resource of the fourth removed signal to generate a sixth demodulated signal. The receiving device outputs the sixth demodulated signal as a first information bit sequence, which is the demodulation result of signal S1.

[0336] In the above-described successive interference cancellation process and parallel interference cancellation process, the receiving device outputs both the first information bit sequence and the second information bit sequence, but the bit sequence output by the receiving device is not limited to this. For example, the receiving device may output the demodulation result (e.g., the first information bit sequence) of a signal (e.g., signal S1) addressed to the receiving device itself, and may not output the demodulation result (e.g., the second information bit sequence) of a signal (e.g., signal S2) not addressed to the receiving device itself. In this case, the receiving device may discard the second information bit sequence, or may not generate the second information bit sequence in the first place.

[0337] The receiving device may also perform frequency equalization processing on the received signal, and then perform interference cancellation processing (for example, the above-mentioned successive interference cancellation processing or parallel interference cancellation processing) on ​​the received signal converted into a complex signal point. Alternatively, the receiving device may perform error correction processing on the received signal, and then perform interference cancellation processing on the received signal converted into a bit sequence.

[0338] 27 and 28 are diagrams illustrating a method for generating soft symbol replicas according to another modification of the present disclosure, which illustrate a method for generating soft symbol replicas for a first modulation scheme.

[0339] The receiving device generates a soft symbol replica corresponding to each symbol bit from the LLR (Log-Likelihood Ratio) of each symbol bit.

[0340] The probability of the code index of each subcarrier is shown in Fig. 27. As shown in Fig. 27, the receiving device calculates the probability P(b) of the index bit(b) (b=0 or 1) corresponding to each spreading sequence from the LLR.

[0341] As shown in Figure 28, the receiving device calculates the probability of all bit patterns using the product of P(b), and generates soft symbol replicas by weighting all bit patterns by the calculated probabilities and adding them together.

[0342] The receiving device can use the generated soft symbol replicas in the above-mentioned successive interference cancellation process or parallel interference cancellation process to cancel interference from the received signal.

[0343] (Transmission information is superimposed on the multiplexed resource set) For example, the transmitting device may transmit transmission information according to a combination of the first resource and the second resource to the receiving device.

[0344] 29 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for superimposing transmission information according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Here, a first resource is divided into multiple resources (resource A-1 and resource A-2 in FIG. 29). A second resource is divided into multiple resources (resource B-1 and resource B-2 in FIG. 29).

[0345] In this case, the transmitting device transmits transmission information to the receiving device depending on which of the multiple resources are to be multiplexed. The transmitting device determines the resources to be multiplexed based on the correspondence between the resource combinations and the transmission information (information bits) shown in Table 1, for example. Table 3 shows a first example of resource combinations and information bit allocation.

[0346] [Table 3]

[0347] In the example of Table 3, when the transmitting device transmits "000" as transmission information (information bits), it multiplexes resource A-1 and resource B-1 and transmits the multiplexed information. When the transmitting device transmits "111" as transmission information, it multiplexes resource A-2 and all of the second resources (resource B-1 and resource B-2) and transmits the multiplexed information.

[0348] In this case, as shown in FIG. 29, the transmitting device transmits signals S1 and S2 using the third to tenth subcarriers #3 to #10 as first resources and the seventh to tenth subcarriers #7 to #10 as second resources.

[0349] In Table 3, the combination of multiplexing resource A-1 and resource A-2 and resource B-1 and resource B-2 is "unassigned," meaning that no information bits are assigned to the combination.

[0350] 30 is a diagram illustrating another example of a method for superimposing transmission information according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Here, the first resource is divided into multiple resources (resource A-1, resource A-2, and resource A-3 in FIG. 30). The second resource is divided into one resource (resource B in FIG. 30).

[0351] In this case, the transmitting device transmits transmission information to the receiving device depending on which of the multiple resources are to be multiplexed. The transmitting device determines the resources to be multiplexed based on the correspondence between the resource combinations and the transmission information (information bits) shown in Table 4, for example. Table 4 is a table showing a second example of resource combinations and information bit allocation.

[0352] [Table 4]

[0353] In the example of Table 4, when the transmitting device transmits "00" as transmission information (information bits), it multiplexes and transmits resource A-1 and resource B. When the transmitting device transmits "10" as transmission information, it multiplexes and transmits resource A-3 and resource B.

[0354] In this case, as shown in FIG. 30, the transmitting device transmits signals S1 and S2 using the second to ninth subcarriers #2 to #9 as first resources and the seventh to tenth subcarriers #7 to #10 as second resources.

[0355] In this way, when multiplexing the divided resources, the transmitting device does not need to multiplex all of the resources. For example, the transmitting device may multiplex a part of the second resource (resource B) with one of resources A-1 to A-3 (resource A-3 in FIG. 31) obtained by dividing the first resource. The transmitting device only needs to multiplex at least a part of the divided resources according to the correspondence between the combination of resources to be multiplexed and the transmission bit sequence.

[0356] Although the example in which the transmitting device divides the first resource and / or the second resource into one to three parts has been given here, the number of parts into which the first resource and / or the second resource are divided is not limited to this. The first resource and / or the second resource can be divided into at least one or more parts.

[0357] On the other hand, the receiving device needs to detect which resources are multiplexed and transmitted. In this case, the receiving device can estimate the multiplexed resources by, for example, setting in advance a set of resources that may be multiplexed and calculating the amount of received power of each resource.

[0358] Alternatively, for example, the transmitting device may preset pairs of resources that may be multiplexed, and apply detection codes, such as different spreading patterns, scrambling patterns, or interleaving patterns, required for detection to each pair of resources. The receiving device may apply, for example, the inverse pattern of the detection code that may be applied to the received signal. The receiving device may perform reception processing by treating the received signal as multiplexed with the pair of resources for which correlation has been detected.

[0359] In this way, the transmitting device multiplexes a first resource to which a first modulation scheme is applied and a second resource to which a second modulation scheme is applied and transmits the signal, thereby increasing the number of allocatable bits compared to when transmitting the signal using the second modulation scheme.

[0360] The transmitting device can use the increased bits to transmit system bits or parity bits generated by an error correction code.

[0361] If the transmitting device uses the increased bits to transmit system bits, the transmitting device can increase the transmission data size, while if the transmitting device uses the increased bits to transmit parity bits, the transmitting device can improve the error correction capability of the transmitted signal.

[0362] (An example of signaling) Signaling required when multiplexing the first resource and the second resource to transmit a signal (hereinafter also referred to as signaling according to this embodiment) can be notified semi-statically or dynamically. Examples of semi-static notification include Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB), and RRC signaling. Examples of dynamic notification include DCI and MAC CE.

[0363] The following information is an example of the signaling to be notified: Information regarding the implementation of communication means using the first modulation method Information about a resource (first resource) to which a communication means using a first modulation method is applied Information about the allocation of information bits and active resource indexes in a communication means using a first modulation scheme (see, for example, FIG. 23 ). Information regarding multiplexing of resources to which the first modulation scheme is applied (see, for example, Table 3 or Table 4)

[0364] 31 is a diagram illustrating an example of signaling according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, in which the signaling according to this embodiment is notified using RRC signaling.

[0365] The signaling surrounded by dotted line S3 in Fig. 31 is signaling according to this embodiment. For example, "activeResourceModulationEnable" is signaling indicating information relating to the implementation of communication means using a first modulation scheme. For example, when "activeResourceModulationEnable" is "Enable", it indicates that multiplexing of the first resource and the second resource is implemented. When "activeResourceModulationEnable" is "Disable", it indicates that multiplexing of the first resource and the second resource is not implemented.

[0366] For example, "activeResourceModulationResourceIndex" is signaling that indicates information regarding multiplexing of resources to which the first modulation scheme is applied. In the communication system 1, resources that may be multiplexed are assumed to be predetermined, for example, as a table (for example, the above-mentioned Table 3 or Table 4). The side that transmits the signaling (for example, a base station) uses "activeResourceModulationResourceIndex" to notify information regarding the table.

[0367] (Communication processing flow) Fig. 32 is a sequence diagram showing an example of the flow of communication processing according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Note that the sequence diagram shown in Fig. 32 is just an example. In the communication system 1, processing other than the communication processing shown in Fig. 32 may be performed. Here, it is assumed that the base station device 20 transmits a signal according to this embodiment (a signal in which the first resource and the second resource are multiplexed) to the terminal device 40.

[0368] 32, the base station device 20 transmits a synchronization signal and system information to the terminal device 40 (step S701). Here, it is assumed that the system information includes an explicit notification regarding the signal according to this embodiment.

[0369] The terminal device 40 receives the synchronization signal transmitted from the base station device 20 and performs downlink synchronization. After that, the terminal device 40 receives the system information transmitted from the base station device 20 and receives information required for cell connection.

[0370] Next, the terminal device 40 performs a random access procedure (step S702) and establishes a connection with the base station device 20. As a result, the terminal device 40 establishes uplink synchronization and completes the connection with the base station device 20.

[0371] The terminal device 40 notifies the base station device 20 of its capability information (terminal capability information) (step S703). The terminal capability information may include capability information related to the communication means according to the present embodiment, such as whether or not the signal according to the present embodiment can be received.

[0372] The base station device 20 notifies the semi-static control information (step S704). The base station device 20 transmits, for example, RRC signaling as the semi-static control information. The RRC signaling may include, for example, information related to the signaling according to the present embodiment. For example, the terminal device 40 receives, as the semi-static control information, control information related to the signal according to the present embodiment. For example, the terminal device 40 receives resource multiplexing candidate information related to resource multiplexing (for example, information related to Table 3 or Table 4) (step S705).

[0373] The base station device 20 transmits downlink control information (step S706). The base station device 20 transmits, for example, DCI as the downlink control information. The DCI may include, for example, information related to signaling according to this embodiment. For example, the terminal device 40 determines which resources are multiplexed based on the downlink control information (step S707).

[0374] The base station device 20 transmits downlink data (step S708). The base station device 20 transmits the downlink data using, for example, a PDSCH (PDSCH transmission). Here, the base station device 20 transmits a signal in which the first resource and the second resource are multiplexed as downlink data based on the above-mentioned semi-static control information and downlink control information (dynamic control information).

[0375] The terminal device 40 executes the above-described interference cancellation process and decodes the downlink data (step S709).

[0376] The terminal device 40 notifies the base station device 20 of information related to retransmission control in accordance with the decoding result of the downlink data (step 710). The terminal device 40 transmits ACK / NACK information or HARD-ACK as the information related to retransmission control.

[0377] (simulation) Simulations were performed to compare error rate characteristics when the first resource and the second resource are multiplexed and when they are not. Here, the simulation was performed assuming that the first resource and the second resource are multiplexed (also referred to as the first condition). For comparison, a simulation was performed applying a spread signal without bit allocation to the spread sequence (also referred to as the second condition). For comparison, a simulation was performed applying a second modulation method (PSK or QAM modulation) (also referred to as the third condition). For comparison, a simulation was performed assuming that interference due to resource multiplexing could be ideally removed when the first resource and the second resource are multiplexed (also referred to as the fourth condition).

[0378] The conditions for the above-mentioned simulation (second simulation conditions) are shown in Table 5. Table 5 is a table showing the second simulation conditions. Here, it is assumed that successive interference cancellation processing is performed as the interference cancellation processing. It is also assumed that the number of repetitions of the successive interference cancellation processing (SIC number) is four.

[0379] [Table 5]

[0380] 33 is a diagram illustrating an example of a simulation result according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The horizontal axis of FIG. 33 represents the ratio of signal power per bit to noise density (E b / N0), and the vertical axis indicates BER (Bit Error Rate).

[0381] In Fig. 33, the solid line indicates the simulation results under the first condition described above. The dotted line indicates the simulation results under the second condition described above. The chain line indicates the simulation results under the third condition described above. The dashed-dotted line indicates the simulation results under the fourth condition described above.

[0382] As shown in FIG. 33, for example, BER=10 -4 Required E to achieve b When comparing with / N0, when the first condition is applied, compared with when other conditions are applied, the required E b / N0 is reduced by approximately 1 dB.

[0383] <<7. Conclusion>> The above-described embodiment is merely an example, and various modifications and applications are possible.

[0384] For example, in the above-described embodiment, the subcarrier to be used is selected, that is, IM is performed by turning on / off the subcarrier, using subcarrier index modulation as an example. However, the resource elements used in IM are not limited to subcarriers. For example, the IM described in this embodiment can be applied to other index modulations listed below as examples, regardless of subcarrier index modulation. Index Modulation using frequency index (subcarrier, resource block, Band Width Part, etc.) Index Modulation using time index (symbol, slot, frame, etc.) Index Modulation using antenna ports · Index Modulation using Precoding Index ·Index Modulation using Layer Index Index Modulation using beam index Index Modulation using Spreading Series Index

[0385] Furthermore, the IM proposed in this embodiment may be implemented for the above-mentioned Index Modulation alone, or the IM proposed in this embodiment may be implemented for the above-mentioned combination of Index Modulations.

[0386] Additionally, the selected resource in the above-described embodiments may be determined by switching on / off the transmit antenna or the receive antenna.

[0387] Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, communication is performed between the base station device 20 and the terminal device 40, or between the terminal device 40 and the terminal device 40, using the first modulation scheme and the second modulation scheme proposed in this embodiment. However, application of communication using the first modulation scheme and the second modulation scheme proposed in this embodiment is not limited to communication between these devices. For example, communication using the first modulation scheme and the second modulation scheme proposed in this embodiment is applicable to communication between base station device 20 and base station device 20, communication between relay device 30 and relay device 30, communication between base station device 20 and relay device 30, and communication between relay device 30 and terminal device 40.

[0388] For example, the control device that controls the base station device 20 and the terminal device 40 of this embodiment may be realized by a dedicated computer system or a general-purpose computer system.

[0389] For example, a communication program for executing the above-described operations is stored in a computer-readable recording medium such as an optical disk, a semiconductor memory, a magnetic tape, or a flexible disk and distributed. Then, for example, the program is installed in a computer and the above-described processing is executed to configure a control device. In this case, the control device may be a device external to the base station device 20 or the terminal device 40 (for example, a personal computer). Alternatively, the control device may be a device internal to the base station device 20 or the terminal device 40 (for example, the control unit 24 or the control unit 45).

[0390] The communication program may also be stored in a disk device provided in a server device on a network such as the Internet, and may be downloaded to a computer. The above-mentioned functions may also be realized by cooperation between an OS (Operating System) and application software. In this case, the parts other than the OS may be stored on a medium and distributed, or may be stored in a server device and downloaded to a computer.

[0391] Furthermore, among the processes described in the above embodiments, all or part of the processes described as being performed automatically can be performed manually, or all or part of the processes described as being performed manually can be performed automatically using a known method. In addition, the information including the processing procedures, specific names, various data, and parameters shown in the above documents and drawings can be changed as desired unless otherwise specified. For example, the various information shown in each drawing is not limited to the information shown in the drawings.

[0392] Furthermore, the components of each device shown in the figure are conceptual functional units and do not necessarily have to be physically configured as shown. In other words, the specific form of distribution and integration of each device is not limited to that shown in the figure, and all or part of them can be functionally or physically distributed and integrated in any unit depending on various loads and usage conditions. This distribution and integration configuration may also be performed dynamically.

[0393] The above-described embodiments can be combined as appropriate within the scope of the present invention without causing any inconsistency in the processing content. The order of the steps shown in the sequence diagrams of the above-described embodiments can be changed as appropriate.

[0394] Furthermore, for example, this embodiment can also be implemented as any configuration that constitutes an apparatus or system, such as a processor as a system LSI (Large Scale Integration), a module using multiple processors, a unit using multiple modules, a set in which other functions are added to a unit, etc. (i.e., a configuration of a part of an apparatus).

[0395] In this embodiment, a system refers to a collection of multiple components (devices, modules (components), etc.), regardless of whether all the components are in the same housing. Therefore, multiple devices housed in separate housings and connected via a network, and a single device in which multiple modules are housed in a single housing, are both systems.

[0396] Furthermore, for example, this embodiment can be configured as a cloud computing system in which one function is shared and processed jointly by a plurality of devices via a network.

[0397] <<8. Hardware Configuration>> The communication devices such as the base station device 20 and terminal device 40 according to the above-described embodiments are realized by a computer 2000 having a configuration as shown in FIG. 34, for example. FIG. 34 is a hardware configuration diagram showing an example of a computer that realizes the functions of the base station device 20 and terminal device 40. The following description will be given taking the base station device 20 according to the embodiment as an example. The computer 2000 has a CPU 2100, a RAM 2200, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 2300, a HDD (Hard Disk Drive) 2400, a communication interface 2500, and an input / output interface 2600. The various components of the computer 2000 are connected by a bus 2050.

[0398] The CPU 2100 operates and controls each unit based on programs stored in the ROM 2300 or the HDD 2400. For example, the CPU 2100 loads programs stored in the ROM 2300 or the HDD 2400 into the RAM 2200 and executes processing corresponding to the various programs.

[0399] The ROM 2300 stores boot programs such as a basic input output system (BIOS) executed by the CPU 2100 when the computer 2000 is started, and programs that depend on the hardware of the computer 2000 .

[0400] The HDD 2400 is a computer-readable recording medium that non-temporarily records programs executed by the CPU 2100 and data used by such programs. Specifically, the HDD 2400 is a recording medium that records an information processing program according to the present disclosure, which is an example of program data 2450.

[0401] The communication interface 2500 is an interface for connecting the computer 2000 to an external network 2550 (e.g., the Internet). For example, the CPU 2100 receives data from other devices and transmits data generated by the CPU 2100 to other devices via the communication interface 2500.

[0402] The input / output interface 2600 is an interface for connecting the input / output device 2650 and the computer 2000. For example, the CPU 2100 receives data from an input device such as a keyboard or a mouse via the input / output interface 2600. The CPU 2100 also transmits data to an output device such as a display, a speaker, or a printer via the input / output interface 2600. The input / output interface 2600 may also function as a media interface for reading programs and the like recorded on a predetermined recording medium. Examples of media include optical recording media such as a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) or a PD (Phase Change Rewritable Disk), magneto-optical recording media such as an MO (Magneto-Optical disk), tape media, magnetic recording media, and semiconductor memories.

[0403] For example, when the computer 2000 functions as the base station device 20 according to the embodiment, the CPU 2100 of the computer 2000 executes a program loaded onto the RAM 2200 to implement functions of the control unit 24, etc. The HDD 2400 stores the program according to the present disclosure and data in the storage unit 22. The CPU 2100 reads and executes program data 2450 from the HDD 2400, but as another example, the CPU 2100 may obtain these programs from another device via an external network 2550.

[0404] 21 may also be used to realize the functions of the terminal device 40. For example, a CPU 2100 of a computer corresponding to the terminal device 40 executes a program loaded onto a RAM 2200 to realize the functions of the control unit 24, etc. The HDD 2400 stores programs according to the present disclosure and data in the storage unit 42. The CPU 2100 reads and executes program data 2450 from the HDD 2400, but as another example, the CPU 2100 may obtain these programs from another device via an external network 2550.

[0405] <<9. Conclusion>> Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, the technical scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the gist of the present disclosure. Furthermore, components of different embodiments and modifications may be combined as appropriate.

[0406] Furthermore, the effects of each embodiment described in this specification are merely examples and are not intended to be limiting, and other effects may also be obtained.

[0407] The present technology can also be configured as follows. (1) performing wireless communication using a predetermined resource; allocating a signal modulated by a first modulation scheme to a first resource included in the predetermined resources, and allocating a signal modulated by a second modulation scheme different from the first modulation scheme to a second resource included in the predetermined resources, the first modulation scheme is a modulation scheme that modulates a signal using a combination of active resources and inactive resources; Communication method. (2) The communication method according to (1), wherein the first resource is allocated to a resource among the predetermined resources that may cause interference with other communications. (3) The communication method according to (1) or (2), wherein the first resource is adjacent to a resource used for other communication. (4) The communication method according to (3), wherein the first resource is adjacent to the resource used by another communication device for communication. (5) The communication method according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the size of the first resource is determined by a base station device. (6) The communication method according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the closer the inactive resource is to the resource used for other communication among the first resources, the higher the priority of allocating the inactive resource. (7) The communication method according to any one of (1) to (6), comprising allocating the signal modulated by the first modulation scheme and the signal modulated by the second modulation scheme to the predetermined resource based on at least one of information on whether to perform communication using the first modulation scheme and the second modulation scheme, information on the first resource, and information on a correspondence between the combination of the active resource and the inactive resource and information bits. (8) A communication method according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein a method for determining a transmission signal size of a first transmission signal transmitted in the first resource is different from a method for determining a transmission signal size of a second transmission signal transmitted in the second resource. (9) The communication method according to any one of (1) to (8), comprising, in communication on a predetermined communication physical channel, allocating the signal modulated by the first modulation method to the first resource, and allocating the signal modulated by the second modulation method to the second resource. (10) The communication method according to (9), wherein the predetermined communication physical channel is one of a PDCCH, a PUCCH, and a PSCCH control information physical channel. (11) The communication method according to (9), wherein the predetermined communication physical channel is one of a PDSCH, a PUSCH, and a PSSCH control information physical channel. (12) The communication method according to any one of (1) to (11), wherein at least a part of the first resource and the second resource are multiplexed. (13) The communication method according to any one of (1) to (12), wherein a portion of the first resource is multiplexed with at least a portion of the second resource. (14) The communication method according to any one of (1) to (12), wherein at least a portion of the second resources is multiplexed with at least a portion of the first resources. (15) The communication method according to any one of (1) to (14), wherein a ratio at which the first resource and the second resource are multiplexed is determined in advance. (16) The communication method according to any one of (1) to (14), wherein a ratio at which the first resource and the second resource are multiplexed is defined dynamically or semi-statically. (17) the first modulation scheme is a modulation scheme that modulates a transmission signal by spreading the transmission signal over the first resource; The communication method according to any one of (1) to (16), wherein the transmission signal is spread to the first resource, thereby multiplexing at least a part of the first resource and the second resource. (18) The communication method according to (17), wherein the transmission signal before spreading is allocated to a third resource that is orthogonal to the second resource. (19) The communication method according to any one of (12) to (18), including transmitting information according to a combination of a first multiplexed resource among the first resources that is multiplexed with the second resource, and a second multiplexed resource among the second resources that is multiplexed with the first resource. (20) The communication method according to (19), further comprising notifying combination information relating to information according to a combination of the first multiplexed resource and the second multiplexed resource. (twenty one) a wireless communication unit that performs wireless communication using predetermined resources; a control unit that allocates a signal modulated by a first modulation scheme to a first resource included in the predetermined resources, and allocates a signal modulated by a second modulation scheme different from the first modulation scheme to a second resource included in the predetermined resources, the first modulation scheme is a modulation scheme that modulates a signal using a combination of active resources and inactive resources; Communication equipment. (twenty two) On the computer, performing wireless communication using a predetermined resource; allocating a signal modulated by a first modulation scheme to a first resource included in the predetermined resources, and allocating a signal modulated by a second modulation scheme different from the first modulation scheme to a second resource included in the predetermined resources, the first modulation scheme is a modulation scheme that modulates a signal using a combination of active resources and inactive resources; program. [Explanation of symbols]

[0408] 1. Communication Systems 10 Management device 20 Base station equipment 30 Relay Device 40 Terminal Equipment 11 Communications Department 21, 31, 41 Communications Department 12, 22, 32, 42 storage section 13, 24, 34, 45 Control section 23, 33, 43 Network Communication Department 44 Input / output section

Claims

1. performing wireless communication using a predetermined resource; allocating a signal modulated by a first modulation scheme to a first resource included in the predetermined resources, and allocating a signal modulated by a second modulation scheme different from the first modulation scheme to a second resource included in the predetermined resources, the first modulation scheme is a modulation scheme that modulates a signal using a combination of active resources and inactive resources; the first resource is allocated to a resource among the predetermined resources in which interference with other communications may occur; Communication method.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first resource is adjacent to a resource used for other communications.

3. The communication method according to claim 2 , wherein the first resource is adjacent to the resource used by another communication device for communication.

4. The communication method according to claim 1 , wherein the size of the first resource is determined by a base station device.

5. The communication method according to claim 1 , wherein the closer the first resource is to the resource used for other communication, the higher the priority for allocating the inactive resource.

6. 2. The communication method according to claim 1, comprising allocating the signal modulated by the first modulation scheme and the signal modulated by the second modulation scheme to the predetermined resources based on at least one of information regarding whether to perform communication using the first modulation scheme and the second modulation scheme, information regarding the first resource, and information regarding a correspondence between the combination of the active resource and the inactive resource and information bits.

7. The communication method according to claim 1 , wherein a method for determining a transmission signal size of a first transmission signal transmitted in the first resource is different from a method for determining a transmission signal size of a second transmission signal transmitted in the second resource.

8. 2. The communication method according to claim 1, comprising, in communication on a predetermined communication physical channel, allocating the signal modulated by the first modulation method to the first resource and allocating the signal modulated by the second modulation method to the second resource.

9. The communication method according to claim 8, wherein the predetermined communication physical channel is any one of a PDCCH, a PUCCH, and a PSCCH control information physical channel.

10. The communication method according to claim 8, wherein the predetermined communication physical channel is any one of a PDSCH, a PUSCH, and a PSSCH control information physical channel.

11. The communication method according to claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the first resource and the second resource are multiplexed.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein a portion of the first resource is multiplexed onto at least a portion of the second resource.

13. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the second resources are multiplexed with at least a portion of the first resources.

14. The communication method according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio at which the first resource and the second resource are multiplexed is determined in advance.

15. The communication method according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio at which the first resource and the second resource are multiplexed is defined dynamically or semi-statically.

16. the first modulation scheme is a modulation scheme for modulating a transmission signal by spreading the transmission signal over the first resource; The communication method according to claim 1 , wherein the transmission signal is spread over the first resource, thereby multiplexing at least a portion of the first resource and the second resource.

17. The communication method of claim 16 , wherein the transmission signal before spreading is allocated to a third resource that is orthogonal to the second resource.

18. 12. The communication method according to claim 11, further comprising transmitting information according to a combination of a first multiplexed resource among the first resources that is multiplexed with the second resource, and a second multiplexed resource among the second resources that is multiplexed with the first resource.

19. The communication method according to claim 18 , further comprising notifying combination information relating to information according to a combination of the first multiplexed resource and the second multiplexed resource.

20. a wireless communication unit that performs wireless communication using predetermined resources; a control unit that allocates a signal modulated by a first modulation scheme to a first resource included in the predetermined resources, and allocates a signal modulated by a second modulation scheme different from the first modulation scheme to a second resource included in the predetermined resources, the first modulation scheme is a modulation scheme that modulates a signal using a combination of active resources and inactive resources; the first resource is allocated to a resource among the predetermined resources in which interference with other communications may occur; Communication equipment.

21. On the computer, performing wireless communication using a predetermined resource; allocating a signal modulated by a first modulation scheme to a first resource included in the predetermined resources, and allocating a signal modulated by a second modulation scheme different from the first modulation scheme to a second resource included in the predetermined resources, the first modulation scheme is a modulation scheme that modulates a signal using a combination of active resources and inactive resources; the first resource is allocated to a resource among the predetermined resources in which interference with other communications may occur; program.

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