Configurable radio frequency exposure compliance based on region

Abstract

[0003] An exemplary method for wireless communication by a user equipment (UE) generally includes: identifying a region in which the UE is located; selecting at least one of a mode or one or more parameters for RF exposure compliance based on the identified region; and transmitting a signal at a transmit power level based at least in part on the selected mode or at least one of the selected one or more parameters.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 077,467, filed September 11, 2020, which claims priority to U.S. Application No. 17 / 470,534, filed September 9, 2021, both of which are expressly incorporated by reference in their entireties herein.

[0002]

[0002] Aspects of the present disclosure relate to wireless communication, and more particularly, to configurable radio frequency (RF) exposure compliance based on the region in which a wireless communication device is located or operating. [Background technology]

[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services, such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Modern wireless communication devices (e.g., cellular telephones) are generally required to meet radio frequency (RF) exposure limits set by national and international standards and regulations. To ensure compliance with standards, such devices currently undergo an extensive certification process before being released to the market. To ensure that wireless communication devices comply with RF exposure limits, techniques have been developed to enable wireless communication devices to assess RF exposure from the wireless communication device in real time and accordingly adjust the transmit power of the wireless communication device to comply with the RF exposure limits. Summary of the Invention

[0004]

[0004] The systems, methods, and devices of the present disclosure each have several aspects, no single one of which is solely responsible for the desirable attributes of the present disclosure. Without limiting the scope of the present disclosure as expressed by the following claims, several features will now be briefly described. After considering this discussion, and particularly after reading the section entitled "Detailed Description of the Invention," it will be understood how the features of the present disclosure provide advantages including desirable transmit power in a given region by virtue of configurable radio frequency (RF) exposure compliance based on the given region.

[0005] Some aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure may be implemented in a method for wireless communication by a user equipment (UE). The method generally includes identifying a region in which the UE is located, selecting at least one of a time window or an RF exposure limit based on the identified region, and transmitting a signal at a transmission power level based at least in part on the selected time window or the selected RF exposure limit.

[0006] Some aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure may be implemented in a method for wireless communication by a UE. The method generally includes identifying a region in which the UE is located, selecting at least one of a mode or one or more parameters for RF exposure compliance based on the identified region, and transmitting a signal at a transmit power level based at least in part on the selected mode or one or more selected parameters.

[0007]

[0007] Some aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure may be implemented in an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus generally includes a transmitter, a memory, and a processor coupled to the memory. The processor and memory are configured to identify a region in which the apparatus is located and select at least one of a mode or one or more parameters for RF exposure compliance based on the identified region. The transmitter is configured to transmit a signal at a transmit power level based at least in part on at least one of the selected mode or the selected one or more parameters.

[0008] Some aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure may be implemented in an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus generally includes: means for identifying a region in which the apparatus is located; means for selecting at least one of a mode or one or more parameters for RF exposure compliance based on the identified region; and means for transmitting a signal at a transmit power level based at least in part on the selected mode or at least one of the selected one or more parameters.

[0009] Some aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure may be implemented in a computer-readable medium having instructions stored thereon for identifying a region in which the UE is located, selecting a mode or at least one of one or more parameters for RF exposure compliance based on the identified region, and transmitting a signal at a transmit power level based at least in part on the selected mode or at least one of the selected one or more parameters.

[0010] To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the one or more aspects comprise the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative features of the one or more aspects. These features are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of the various aspects may be employed.

[0011]

[0011] So that the above-recited features of the present disclosure may be understood in detail, a more particular description briefly summarized above may be had by reference to embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the drawings. However, since the description may lead to other equally valid embodiments, it should be noted that the accompanying drawings illustrate only some typical embodiments of the present disclosure and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1]

[0012] A block diagram conceptually illustrating an example wireless communication network, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 2]

[0013] 1 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example base station (BS) and user equipment (UE) design in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 3]

[0014] 1 is a block diagram of an example radio frequency (RF) transceiver in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 4]

[0015] 1 is a flow diagram illustrating example operations for wireless communication by a UE, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 5A]

[0016] 1 is a table illustrating an example mapping between a mobile country code (MCC) list and various RF exposure parameters and modes, according to some aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 5B]

[0017] 10 is a table illustrating another example mapping between an MCC list and various RF exposure parameters and modes, according to some aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 6]

[0018] 10 is a signaling flow diagram illustrating example signaling for region-based configurable RF exposure compliance in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 7]

[0019] FIG. 1 illustrates a communications device (e.g., a UE) that may include various components configured to perform operations for the techniques disclosed herein, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013]

[0020] For ease of understanding, wherever possible, identical reference numbers have been used to designate identical elements common to the figures. It is contemplated that elements disclosed in one embodiment may be beneficially utilized in other embodiments without specific recitation.

[0014]

[0021] Aspects of the present disclosure provide an apparatus, method, processing system, and computer-readable medium for location-based configurable radio frequency (RF) exposure compliance.

[0015]

[0022] Different regions or regulatory / standards bodies (e.g., the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the United States, the Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada (ISED) in Canada, or the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) standard followed by the European Union (EU)) may specify separate RF exposure compliance limits (e.g., specific absorption rate (SAR) and / or power density (PD)). Different regions or regulatory / standards bodies may also specify separate time windows for averaging or otherwise calculating RF exposure. A user equipment (UE) may be configured to use RF exposure limits that comply with multiple regions, such as minimum limits and / or minimum time windows, even if the UE is operating in a region that uses larger RF exposure limits or larger time windows. As such, in some situations, the UE may have undesirable transmit power due to the application of lower RF exposure limits and / or time windows. The resulting transmit power may result in undesirable performance, such as in uplink data rates at the cell edge, uplink carrier aggregation, and / or uplink transmission.

[0016]

[0023] To provide dynamic RF exposure compliance, the UE may identify a region in which the UE is located or operating and select various settings for RF exposure compliance based on the region. In some aspects, the region may be identified by an Operating Region Code (MCC) associated with a wireless network identity (e.g., a public land mobile network (PLMN)). In some cases, the UE may select a time window and / or an RF exposure limit based on the region. For example, the UE may select a time window and / or an RF exposure limit that matches regulatory values ​​used in the region. In some cases, some regions may use a maximum or peak RF exposure limit instead of a time-averaged RF exposure limit based on a time window to determine RF exposure compliance. In such cases, the UE may select an exposure mode (such as a time-averaged mode or a peak mode that does not use a time window) for RF exposure compliance in the region.

[0017]

[0024] Dynamically configurable RF exposure compliance as described herein may enable a UE to have desired transmit performance, such as a desired uplink data rate at the cell edge, a desired uplink carrier aggregation, and / or a desired uplink connection. For example, dynamically configurable RF exposure compliance as described herein may provide a desired transmit power limit to the UE. The UE may have more flexibility to configure specific parameters for RF exposure compliance for a given region, which may result in a desired transmit power limit in the given region.

[0018]

[0025] The following description provides examples of RF exposure compliance management in a communication system and does not limit the scope, applicability, or examples set forth in the claims. Changes may be made in the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Various examples may omit, substitute, or add various procedures or components, as appropriate. For example, described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Also, features described with respect to some examples may be combined in some other examples. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects described herein. In addition, the scope of the present disclosure encompasses apparatuses or methods practiced using other structure, functions, or structure and functions in addition to or other than the various aspects of the present disclosure described herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the present disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim. The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any aspect described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects.

[0019]

[0026] In general, any number of wireless networks may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network may support a particular radio access technology (RAT) and may operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT may also be referred to as a radio technology, air interface, etc. A frequency may also be referred to as a carrier, subcarrier, frequency channel, tone, subband, etc. Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs.

[0020]

[0027] The techniques described herein may be used for various wireless networks and radio technologies. Although aspects may be described herein using terminology typically associated with 3G, 4G, and / or new radio (e.g., 5G NR) wireless technologies, aspects of the present disclosure may be applied in other generation-based communication systems.

[0021]

[0028] NR access may support various wireless communication services, such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) targeting wide bandwidths (e.g., 80 MHz or greater), millimeter wave (mmW) targeting high carrier frequencies (e.g., 24 GHz to 53 GHz or greater), massive machine-type communications (MTC) targeting non-backward compatible MTC techniques, and / or mission-critical targeting ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). These services may include latency and reliability requirements. These services may also have different transmission time intervals (TTIs) to meet their respective quality of service (QoS) requirements. Furthermore, these services may coexist in the same subframe. NR supports beamforming, and the beam direction may be dynamically configured. MIMO transmission with precoding may also be supported, as may multi-layer transmission. Multi-layer transmission using up to two streams per UE may be supported. Aggregation of multiple cells may be supported.

[0022] Example Wireless Communication Devices

[0029] 1 illustrates an example wireless communication network 100 in which aspects of the present disclosure may be implemented. For example, the wireless communication network 100 may be an NR system (e.g., a 5G NR network), an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) system (e.g., a 4G network), a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) (e.g., a 2G / 3G network), or a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system (e.g., a 2G / 3G network), or may be configured for communication in accordance with an IEEE standard, such as one or more of the 802.11 standards. As shown in FIG. 1, the UE 120a includes an exposure manager 122 that provides configurable RF exposure compliance based on a region (e.g., one or more countries) in which the UE 120a is located or operating, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0023]

[0030] As shown in FIG. 1, wireless communication network 100 may include several BSs 110a-z (each also referred to herein individually as BS 110 or collectively as BS 110) and other network entities. BSs 110 may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area, sometimes referred to as a “cell,” which may be fixed or may move according to the location of a mobile BS. In some examples, BSs 110 may be interconnected to one another and / or to one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown) in wireless communication network 100 through various types of backhaul interfaces (e.g., direct physical connections, wireless connections, virtual networks, etc.) using any suitable transport network. In the example shown in FIG. 1, BSs 110a, 110b, and 110c may be macro BSs for macro cells 102a, 102b, and 102c, respectively. BS 110x may be a pico BS for pico cell 102x. BSs 110y and 110z may be femto BSs for femto cells 102y and 102z, respectively. A BS may support one or more cells.

[0024]

[0031] The BS 110 communicates with UEs 120a-y (each also referred to herein individually as a UE 120 or collectively as UEs 120) in the wireless communication network 100. The UEs 120 (e.g., 120x, 120y, etc.) may be dispersed throughout the wireless communication network 100, and each UE 120 may be fixed or mobile. The wireless communication network 100 may also include a relay station (e.g., relay station 110r), also referred to as a relay, that receives transmissions of data and / or other information from an upstream station (e.g., the BS 110a or the UE 120r) and sends transmissions of data and / or other information to a downstream station (e.g., the UE 120 or the BS 110) or relays transmissions between the UEs 120 to facilitate communication between the devices.

[0025]

[0032] The network controller 130 may communicate with the set of BSs 110 and provide coordination and control for these BSs 110 (e.g., via a backhaul). In some cases, the network controller 130 may include a centralized unit (CU) and / or a distributed unit (DU), for example, in a 5G NR system. In aspects, the network controller 130 may communicate with a core network 132 (e.g., a 5G core network (5GC)), which provides various network functions such as access and mobility management, session management, user plane functions, policy control functions, authentication server functions, integrated data management, application functions, network exposure functions, network repository functions, and network slice selection functions.

[0026]

[0033] FIG. 2 illustrates example components of a BS 110a and a UE 120a (eg, wireless communication network 100 of FIG. 1) that may be used to implement aspects of the present disclosure.

[0027]

[0034] At the BS 110a, the transmit processor 220 may receive data from the data source 212 and control information from the controller / processor 240. The control information may be for a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), a Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH), a Physical Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) Indicator Channel (PHICH), a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), a Group Common PDCCH (GC PDCCH), etc. The data may be for a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), etc. A Medium Access Control (MAC)-Control Element (MAC CE) is a MAC layer communication structure that may be used for control command exchange between wireless nodes. The MAC-CE may be carried in a shared channel such as the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), or the Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH).

[0028]

[0035] The transmit processor 220 may process (e.g., encode and symbol map) the data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively. The transmit processor 220 may also generate reference symbols for a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), a PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS), and a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), etc. The transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on ​​the data symbols, control symbols, and / or reference symbols, if applicable, and provide output symbol streams to modulators (MODs) within the transceivers 232a through 232t. Each modulator within the transceivers 232a through 232t may process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. Downlink signals from the modulators in transceivers 232a through 232t may be transmitted via antennas 234a through 234t, respectively.

[0029]

[0036] At UE 120a, antennas 252a through 252r may receive downlink signals from BS 110a and may provide received signals to demodulators (DEMODs) within transceivers 254a through 254r, respectively. Each demodulator within transceivers 254a through 254r may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) its respective received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from all demodulators within transceivers 254a through 254r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols, if applicable, and provide detected symbols. A receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols and provide decoded data for UE 120a to a data sink 260 and decoded control information to controller / processor 280.

[0030]

[0037] On the uplink, at UE 120a, a transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from a data source 262 (e.g., for a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) and control information from a controller / processor 280 (e.g., for a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH). The transmit processor 264 may also generate reference symbols for a reference signal (e.g., for a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)). The symbols from transmit processor 264 may be transmitted to a TX The uplink signals from the UE 120a may be precoded by a MIMO processor 266, further processed by modulators (MODs) in transceivers 254a through 254r (e.g., for SC-FDM, etc.), and transmitted to the BS 110a. At the BS 110a, the uplink signals from the UE 120a may be received by antennas 234, processed by modulators in transceivers 232a through 232t, detected by a MIMO detector 236 if applicable, and further processed by a receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by the UE 120a. The receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 239 and the decoded control information to the controller / processor 240.

[0031]

[0038] Memories 242 and 282 may store data and program codes for BS 110a and UE 120a, respectively. Scheduler 244 may schedule UEs for data transmission on the downlink and / or uplink.

[0032]

[0039] Antenna 252, processors 266, 258, 264, and / or controller / processor 280 of UE 120a and / or antenna 234, processors 220, 230, 238, and / or controller / processor 240 of BS 110a may be used to implement various techniques and methods described herein. As shown in FIG. 2, controller / processor 280 of UE 120a has RF exposure manager 281 that provides configurable RF exposure compliance based on the region in which UE 120a is located or operating in accordance with aspects described herein. While shown in a controller / processor, additional and / or other components of UE 120a and BS 110a may be used to implement the operations described herein.

[0033]

[0040] NR may utilize orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) on the uplink and downlink. NR may support half-duplex operation using time division duplexing (TDD). OFDM and single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) partition the system bandwidth into multiple orthogonal subcarriers, also commonly referred to as tones, bins, etc. Each subcarrier may be modulated with data. Modulation symbols may be sent in the frequency domain with OFDM and in the time domain with SC-FDM. The spacing between adjacent subcarriers may be fixed, and the total number of subcarriers may depend on the system bandwidth. The system bandwidth may also be partitioned into subbands. For example, a subband may cover multiple resource blocks (RBs).

[0034]

[0041] 1 and 2 as communicating with a BS and / or within a network, the UE 120a may be configured to communicate / transmit directly with another UE 120 or to communicate / transmit to another wireless device without relaying the communication through a network. In some embodiments, the BS 110a shown in FIG. 2 and described above is an example of another UE 120.

[0035] Example RF Transceiver

[0042] 3 is a block diagram of an example RF transceiver circuit 300 according to some aspects of the present disclosure. The RF transceiver circuit 300 includes at least one transmit (TX) path 302 (also known as a transmit chain) for transmitting signals via one or more antennas 306, and at least one receive (RX) path 304 (also known as a receive chain) for receiving signals via the antenna 306. When the TX path 302 and the RX path 304 share an antenna, the paths may be connected to the antenna via an interface 308, which may include any of a variety of suitable RF devices, such as a switch, a duplexer, a diplexer, and a multiplexer.

[0043] When receiving an in-phase (I) or quadrature-phase (Q) baseband analog signal from a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 310, the TX path 302 may include a baseband filter (BBF) 312, a mixer 314, a driver amplifier (DA) 316, and a power amplifier (PA) 318. The BBF 312, mixer 314, DA 316, and PA 318 may be included in one or more radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs). The PA 318 may be external to the RFIC for some implementations.

[0036]

[0044] The BBF 312 filters the baseband signal received from the DAC 310, and the mixer 314 mixes the filtered baseband signal with a transmit local oscillator (LO) signal to convert the baseband signal to a different frequency (e.g., upconvert from baseband to radio frequency). This frequency conversion process generates sum and difference frequencies between the LO frequency and the frequency of the baseband signal. The sum and difference frequencies are called beat frequencies. The beat frequencies are generally in the RF range; therefore, the signal output by the mixer 314 is generally an RF signal and may be amplified by the DA 316 and / or the PA 318 before transmission by the antenna 306. Although one mixer 314 is shown, several mixers may be used to upconvert the filtered baseband signal to one or more intermediate frequencies and then upconvert the intermediate frequency signal to a frequency for transmission.

[0037]

[0045] The RX path 304 may include a low noise amplifier (LNA) 324, a mixer 326, and a baseband filter (BBF) 328. The LNA 324, mixer 326, and BBF 328 may be included in an RFIC that may or may not be the same RFIC that includes the TX path components. An RF signal received via the antenna 306 may be amplified by the LNA 324, and the mixer 326 mixes the amplified RF signal with a receive local oscillator (LO) signal to convert (e.g., downconvert) the RF signal to a different baseband frequency. The baseband signal output by the mixer 326 may be filtered by the BBF 328 before being converted by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 330 to a digital I or Q signal for digital signal processing. Although one mixer 326 is shown, several mixers may be used to downconvert the amplified RF signal to one or more intermediate frequencies and then downconvert the intermediate frequency signals to baseband.

[0038]

[0046] Some transceivers may employ a frequency synthesizer with a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) to generate a stable, tunable LO with a specific tuning range. Thus, the transmit LO may be generated by the TX frequency synthesizer 320, and the transmit LO may be buffered or amplified by the amplifier 322 before being mixed with the baseband signal in the mixer 314. Similarly, the receive LO may be generated by the RX frequency synthesizer 332, and the receive LO may be buffered or amplified by the amplifier 334 before being mixed with the RF signal in the mixer 326.

[0039]

[0047] The controller 336 may direct the operation of the RF transceiver circuit 300, such as transmitting signals via the TX path 302 and / or receiving signals via the RX path 304. The controller 336 may be a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof. The memory 338 may store data and program code for operating the RF transceiver circuit 300. The controller 336 and / or the memory 338 may include control logic. In some cases, the controller 336 may determine a transmit power level (e.g., a certain level of gain in the PA 318) for a certain time interval that complies with RF exposure levels set by national and / or international regulatory standards, as further described herein.

[0040] Example RF Exposure Compliance

[0048] RF exposure can be expressed in terms of the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), which measures energy absorption by human tissue per unit mass and may have units of watts per kilogram (W / kg). RF exposure also measures energy absorption per unit area and may be expressed in mW / cm. 2In some cases, maximum permissible exposure (MPE) limits in terms of PD may be imposed on wireless communication devices using transmit frequencies above 6 GHz. MPE limits may be expressed in terms of a regulatory metric for area-based exposure, e.g., watts per square meter (W / m), averaged over a defined area and time-averaged over a frequency-dependent time window to prevent human exposure hazards represented by tissue temperature changes. 2 ) is the energy density limit defined as the number of units, X.

[0041]

[0049] SAR can be used to assess RF exposure for transmission frequencies below 6 GHz, covering wireless communication technologies such as 2G / 3G (e.g., CDMA), 4G (e.g., LTE), 5G (e.g., NR in the 6 GHz band), IEEE 802.11ac, etc. PD can be used to assess RF exposure for transmission frequencies above 10 GHz, covering wireless communication technologies such as IEEE 802.11ad, 802.11ay, 5G in the millimeter wave band, etc. Thus, different metrics can be used to assess RF exposure for different wireless communication technologies.

[0042]

[0050] A wireless communication device (e.g., UE 120) may simultaneously transmit signals using multiple wireless communication technologies. For example, the wireless communication device may simultaneously transmit signals using a first wireless communication technology operating at or below 6 GHz (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G, etc.) and a second wireless communication technology operating above 6 GHz (e.g., mmWave 5G, IEEE 802.11ad, or 802.11ay in the 24-60 GHz band). In some aspects, the wireless communication device may simultaneously transmit signals using a first wireless communication technology for which RF exposure is measured in terms of SAR (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G, IEEE 802.11ac, etc. in the sub-6 GHz band) and a second wireless communication technology for which RF exposure is measured in terms of PD (e.g., 5G, IEEE 802.11ad, 802.11ay, etc. in the 24-60 GHz band).

[0043]

[0051] To assess RF exposure from transmissions using a first technology (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G, IEEE 802.11ac, etc. in the sub-6 GHz band), the wireless communication device may include multiple SAR distributions for the first technology stored in a memory (e.g., memory 282 of FIG. 2 or memory 338 of FIG. 3). Each of the SAR distributions may correspond to a respective one of multiple transmission scenarios supported by the wireless communication device for the first technology. The transmission scenarios may correspond to various combinations of antennas (e.g., antennas 252a-252r of FIG. 2 or antenna 306 of FIG. 3), frequency bands, channels, and / or body positions, as discussed further below.

[0044]

[0052] An SAR distribution (also referred to as an SAR map) for each transmit scenario may be generated based on measurements (e.g., E-field measurements) performed in a test laboratory using a human body model. After the SAR distributions are generated, they are stored in a memory to enable a processor (e.g., controller / processor 280 of FIG. 2 or controller 336 of FIG. 3) to assess RF exposure in real time, as discussed further below. Each SAR distribution includes a set of SAR values, where each SAR value may correspond to a different location (e.g., on the human body model). Each SAR value may comprise the SAR value averaged over a mass of, e.g., 1 g or 10 g at the respective location.

[0045]

[0053] The SAR value in each SAR distribution corresponds to a particular transmit power level (e.g., the transmit power level at which the SAR value was measured in a test lab). Because SAR scales with transmit power level, the processor may scale the SAR distribution for any transmit power level by multiplying each SAR value in the SAR distribution by a transmit power scaler:

[0046]

number

[0047] where Tx c is the current transmit power level for each transmission scenario, and Tx SAR is the transmit power level corresponding to the SAR value in the stored SAR distribution (eg, the transmit power level at which the SAR value was measured in the test laboratory).

[0048]

[0054] As discussed above, a wireless communication device may support multiple transmission scenarios for a first technology. In some aspects, a transmission scenario may be specified by a set of parameters. The set of parameters may include one or more of: antenna parameters indicating one or more antennas used for transmission (i.e., active antennas); frequency band parameters indicating one or more frequency bands used for transmission (i.e., active frequency bands); channel parameters indicating one or more channels used for transmission (i.e., active channels); body position parameters indicating the location of the wireless communication device relative to a user's body location (away from the body, head, torso, etc.); and / or other parameters. When a wireless communication device supports a large number of transmission scenarios, performing measurements for each transmission scenario in a test environment (e.g., a test lab) may be extremely time-consuming and expensive. To reduce test time, measurements may be performed for a subset of the transmission scenarios to generate SAR distributions for the subset of transmission scenarios. In this example, the SAR distributions for each of the remaining transmission scenarios may be generated by combining two or more of the SAR distributions for the subset of transmission scenarios, as discussed further below.

[0049]

[0055] For example, SAR measurements may be performed for each of the antennas to generate a SAR distribution for each of the antennas. In this example, a SAR distribution for a transmission scenario in which two or more of the antennas are active may be generated by combining the SAR distributions for the two or more active antennas.

[0050]

[0056] In another example, SAR measurements may be performed for each of a plurality of frequency bands to generate a SAR distribution for each of the plurality of frequency bands. In this example, a SAR distribution for a transmission scenario in which more than one frequency band is active may be generated by combining the SAR distributions for the two or more active frequency bands.

[0051]

[0057] To assess RF exposure from transmissions using a second technology (e.g., 5G, IEEE 802.11ad, 802.11ay, etc. in the 24-60 GHz band), the wireless communication device may include multiple PD distributions for the second technology stored in a memory (e.g., memory 282 of FIG. 2 or memory 338 of FIG. 3). Each of the PD distributions may correspond to a respective one of multiple transmission scenarios supported by the wireless communication device for the second technology. The transmission scenarios may correspond to various combinations of antennas (e.g., antennas 252a-252r of FIG. 2 or antenna 306 of FIG. 3), frequency bands, channels, and / or body positions, as discussed further below.

[0052]

[0058] A PD distribution (also called a PD map) for each transmit scenario may be generated based on measurements (e.g., E-field measurements) performed in a test lab using a human body model. After the PD distribution is generated, it is stored in a memory to enable a processor (e.g., controller / processor 280 of FIG. 2 or controller 336 of FIG. 3) to assess RF exposure in real time, as discussed further below. Each PD distribution includes a set of PD values, where each PD value may correspond to a different location (e.g., on the human body model).

[0053]

[0059] The PD value in each PD distribution corresponds to a particular transmit power level (e.g., the transmit power level at which the PD value was measured in a test lab). Because PD scales with transmit power level, the processor may scale the PD distribution for any transmit power level by multiplying each PD value in the PD distribution by a transmit power scaler:

[0054]

number

[0055] where Txc is the current transmit power level for each transmission scenario, and Tx PD is the transmit power level corresponding to the PD value in the PD distribution (eg, the transmit power level at which the PD value was measured in a test lab).

[0056]

[0060] As discussed above, a wireless communication device may support multiple transmission scenarios for the second technology. In some aspects, a transmission scenario may be specified by a set of parameters. The set of parameters may include one or more of: antenna parameters indicating one or more antennas used for transmission (i.e., active antennas); frequency band parameters indicating one or more frequency bands used for transmission (i.e., active frequency bands); channel parameters indicating one or more channels used for transmission (i.e., active channels); body position parameters indicating the location of the wireless communication device relative to the user's body location (away from the body, head, torso, etc.); and / or other parameters. When a wireless communication device supports a large number of transmission scenarios, performing measurements for each transmission scenario in a test environment (e.g., a test lab) may be extremely time-consuming and expensive. To reduce test time, measurements may be performed for a subset of the transmission scenarios to generate a PD distribution for the subset of transmission scenarios. In this example, the PD distribution for each of the remaining transmission scenarios may be generated by combining two or more of the PD distributions for the subset of transmission scenarios, as discussed further below.

[0057]

[0061] For example, PD measurements may be performed for each of the antennas to generate a PD distribution for each of the antennas. In this example, a PD distribution for a transmission scenario in which two or more of the antennas are active may be generated by combining the PD distributions for the two or more active antennas.

[0058]

[0062] In another example, PD measurements may be performed for each of a plurality of frequency bands to generate a PD distribution for each of the plurality of frequency bands. In this example, a PD distribution for a transmission scenario in which more than one frequency band is active may be generated by combining the PD distributions for the two or more active frequency bands.

[0059] Example Configurable RF Exposure Compliance based on Region

[0063] Time-averaged RF exposure compliance (e.g., SAR or MPE / PD) may provide desirable modem performance (e.g., high transmit power) and ensure user safety at the UE. A multimode / multiband UE may have multiple transmit antennas capable of simultaneously transmitting in sub-6 GHz bands and bands greater than 6 GHz. As described herein, RF exposure in sub-6 GHz bands may be evaluated in terms of SAR, and RF exposure in bands greater than 6 GHz may be evaluated in terms of PD. Different regions or regulatory / standards bodies (e.g., the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the U.S., Canada's Innovation, Science and Economic Development (ISED), or the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) standards followed by the European Union (EU)) may specify different RF exposure compliance limits (SAR and PD). In some cases, different regions or regulatory / standards bodies may specify different time windows for averaging or otherwise calculating RF exposure. Additionally, some regulatory bodies (e.g., ICNIRP in its 2020 standards) may specify additional compliance limits in terms of short-term RF exposure limits.

[0060]

[0064] For sub-6 GHz bands, the FCC specifies a SAR limit of 1.6 W / kg for head or torso exposure for the general population when averaged over a 1 g-mass of human tissue. The ICNIRP 1998 standard has a SAR limit of 2.0 W / kg (followed by the EU and many other countries) when averaged over a 10 g-mass of human tissue. The ICNIRP 2020 standard has the same sub-6 GHz exposure limits as the ICNIRP 1998 standard.

[0061]

[0065] For millimeter wave bands (e.g., bands greater than 6 GHz), the FCC recommends millimeter wave exposure for the general population within 4 cm 2 10W / m when averaged over an area of 2 The ICNIRP 1998 standard specifies a PD limit of 20 cm. 2 10W / m when averaged over an area of 2 The ICNIRP 2020 standard provides different PD limits.

[0062]

[0066] In addition to RF exposure limits, certain regions allow time averaging when determining RF exposure and specify time window lengths for RF exposure compliance. The time window lengths specified by regulatory agencies can vary with transmission frequency. For example, the FCC specifies a 100-second time window for transmission frequencies below 3 GHz and a 4-second time window for transmission frequencies between 24 GHz and 42 GHz. The ICNIRP 1998 standard provides a 360-second time window for transmission frequencies below 6 GHz and different time window lengths for transmission frequencies above 6 GHz. The ICNIRP 2020 standard provides a 360-second time window for all frequency ranges (e.g., from 100 kHz to 300 GHz) but also specifies short-term RF exposure limits to control rapid temperature rise.

[0063]

[0067] In addition to RF exposure limits and time windows for averaging, some regulatory standards (e.g., the ICNIRP 2020 standard) may specify limits on short-term RF exposure by limiting the total RF exposure energy for transmissions from any pulse, group of pulses, or subgroup of a series of pulses, and from the summation of exposures (including non-pulsed transmissions) within a specified time period.

[0064]

[0068] Those skilled in the art will understand that the specific values ​​for the various parameters associated with RF exposure compliance (e.g., RF exposure limits, short-term RF exposure limits, and time windows) described herein are merely examples. For example, due to updated standards and / or regulatory requirements for RF exposure compliance adopted by regulatory bodies or standards in particular regions, alternative values ​​for the parameters may be used in addition to or instead of those described herein. Thus, while the FCC is described above as specifying certain values / limits, it will be understood that embodiments herein are not limited thereto and that aspects of the present disclosure may apply to other values / limits from the FCC and / or other values / limits, or other regulatory bodies and / or standards.

[0065]

[0069] Generally, certain regions may have lower RF exposure limits or smaller time windows than other regions. For example, the FCC RF exposure limit (1.6 W / kg 1g SAR) is lower than the ICNIRP 1998 RF exposure limit (2.0 W / kg 10g SAR). In other words, a transmit power that meets the FCC RF exposure limit also meets the ICNIRP 1998 RF exposure limit, but the reverse is not true.

[0066]

[0070] In some cases, a UE may be configured to use RF exposure limits that comply with multiple regions, such as the lowest limits and / or minimum time windows, even when the UE is operating in a region with larger RF exposure limits or larger time windows. For example, a region in which the UE is expected to operate or designed to operate may use RF exposure limits from the FCC and time windows from the ICNIRP 1998 standard, or the device may be expected to be transported across regions that adhere to different limits or standards. In such cases, to ensure compliance, the UE may be configured to use the RF exposure limits and time windows with the lowest values ​​of the two regions / standards, regardless of where the UE is physically located at a given time. As a result, in some situations, the UE may have undesirable transmit power due to the application of lower RF exposure limits and / or time windows. The resulting transmit power may result in undesirable performance, such as in uplink data rates at the cell edge, uplink carrier aggregation, and / or uplink transmissions.

[0067]

[0071] Aspects of the present disclosure provide various techniques for dynamically configuring RF exposure compliance based on the region in which the device is currently located. For example, a UE may identify a region in which the UE is located or operating and select various settings for RF exposure compliance based on the region. In some aspects, the region may be identified by an Operating Region Code (MCC) associated with a wireless network identity (e.g., a public land mobile network (PLMN)). In some cases, the UE may select a time window and / or RF exposure limit based on the region. For example, the UE may select a time window and / or RF exposure limit that matches regulatory values ​​used in the region. In some cases, some regions may use maximum or peak RF exposure limits instead of time-window-based time-averaged RF exposure limits to determine RF exposure compliance. For example, peak exposure mode may be used in some regions / for some regulatory authorities that do not allow time averaging, and the current peak / maximum transmit power is limited to an RF exposure limit (e.g., SAR / PD limit). The time-averaged mode may, for example, be used to verify that RF exposure compliance is achieved when the moving time average of Equation (1) and Equation (2) over a given time window is less than 1.0 (e.g., average Tx power ≦ T xSAR or T xPD ) for regions / regulatory authorities that allow time averaging for RF exposure. The UE may select an exposure mode (such as time average mode, peak mode, or possibly one or more other modes) for RF exposure compliance in the region.

[0068]

[0072] For a UE capable of operating in multiple regions, the UE may have a separate RF exposure configuration for each region according to the time averaging window, RF exposure limit, and / or short-term RF exposure limit that applies in the particular region. In some cases, the UE may select a time window, RF exposure limit, short-term RF exposure limit, and / or exposure mode that conforms to the particular region. For example, the UE may select a value for the time window that is less than or equal to the limit value of the time window used in the particular region. In some cases, the UE may select an RF exposure limit that is less than or equal to the limit value of the RF exposure limit used in the particular region.

[0069]

[0073] Dynamically configurable RF exposure compliance as described herein may enable a UE to have desired transmission performance, such as a desired uplink data rate at the cell edge, a desired uplink carrier aggregation, and / or a desired uplink connection. For example, dynamically configurable RF exposure compliance as described herein may provide a desired transmit power limit to the UE. The UE may have more flexibility to configure specific parameters for RF exposure compliance for a particular region, which may result in a desired transmit power limit in the particular region.

[0070]

[0074] 4 is a flow diagram illustrating example operations 400 for wireless communication in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. The operations 400 may be performed, for example, by a UE (e.g., UE 120a in wireless communication network 100). The operations 400 may be implemented as software components executing and running on one or more processors (e.g., controller / processor 280 of FIG. 2). Furthermore, transmission and reception of signals by the UE in operations 400 may be enabled, for example, by one or more antennas (e.g., antenna 252 of FIG. 2). In some aspects, transmission and / or reception of signals by the UE may be implemented via a bus interface of one or more processors (e.g., controller / processor 280) that acquire and / or output signals.

[0071]

[0075] The operations 400 may begin at block 402, where the UE may identify a region in which the UE is located or operating. For example, the UE may receive system information from a network entity (e.g., BS 110) indicating wireless network identification information that may include an MCC of the wireless network, and the UE may identify the region based on the MCC, as described further herein.

[0072]

[0076] In block 404, the UE may select at least one of a mode or one or more parameters for RF exposure compliance based on the identified region. The mode may include a peak exposure mode, where RF exposure compliance is determined according to a maximum RF exposure limit, for example, regardless of the duration of exposure. The mode may also include a time-averaging exposure mode, where RF exposure compliance is determined according to a time-averaged RF exposure limit with a moving time window, as another example. The parameters for RF exposure compliance may include, for example, a time window, an RF exposure limit, and / or (enforcement of) a short-term RF exposure limit. In some cases, the UE may select parameters (e.g., a time window, an RF exposure limit, or (enforcement of) a short-term RF exposure limit) that correspond to regulatory values ​​used for RF exposure compliance in the identified region. Selection of regulatory values ​​for the identified region may enable the UE to transmit at a maximum permissible transmit power that complies with the RF exposure limit for the region.

[0073]

[0077] In block 406, the UE may transmit a signal at a transmit power level that is based at least in part on at least one of the selected mode or the selected one or more parameters. For example, the UE may transmit at a transmit power level that complies with a time-averaged RF exposure limit using a selected time window.

[0074]

[0078] In block 402, the UE may be physically located within a region and / or may be operating (e.g., communicating with a wireless network) within the region. In some cases, identifying the region may be based on an MCC of a wireless network (e.g., a PLMN). That is, in block 402, the UE may identify a region based on the MCC of the wireless network in which the UE is operating or communicating. For example, the UE may receive a message (e.g., a system information block) from a base station (e.g., BS 110) indicating wireless network identification information (e.g., PLMN identification information) including an MCC and a mobile network code (MNC). In aspects, a region may include one or more countries (e.g., the United States, Canada, or the EU) and / or be associated with one or more MCCs. In some cases, identifying the region in block 402 may include the UE identifying, for example, that the MCC is in a list of MCCs corresponding to the region, as further described herein with respect to FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B.

[0075]

[0079] For example, a UE may receive system information indicating the MCC of a wireless network in which the UE is operating or communicating. The UE may identify that the MCC belongs to a list of MCCs corresponding to a region, and the UE may select various RF exposure parameters (e.g., RF exposure limits and / or time windows) associated with the list of MCCs.

[0076]

[0080] Other methods of identifying a region may be used. For example, the UE 120 may receive a region indicator other than an MCC from the network, and / or the UE 120 may determine the region based on a location determined according to signals received from a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), such as Global Positioning System (GPS), Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS), or Galileo. In some cases, the UE 120 may determine the region based on a Wi-Fi® positioning system, which can use access points to detect where the UE is located, for example, through a database of access point locations.

[0077]

[0081] In embodiments, selecting parameters may involve selecting values ​​for time windows and / or RF exposure limits that comply with regulatory values ​​used in the identified region. Selecting parameters may additionally or alternatively involve selecting values ​​for short-term RF exposure limits used in the identified region.

[0078]

[0082] For example, the UE may select a first value for a time window that complies with (e.g., less than or equal to) a first regulatory value used in a region (e.g., a time window corresponding to a regulatory value for the ICNIRP 1998 standard), or select a second value for an RF exposure limit that complies with (e.g., less than or equal to) a second regulatory value used in a region (e.g., a SAR limit corresponding to a regulatory value for the FCC standard). In some cases, the first value may correspond to (e.g., equal to) the first regulatory value. In some aspects, the second value may correspond to the second regulatory value. In some cases, the selected first value complies with a first regulatory value established by a first regulatory body or according to a first standard, and the selected second value complies with a second regulatory value established by a second regulatory body or according to a second standard that is different from the first regulatory body or standard.

[0079]

[0083] The UE may select a third value for the first RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a third regulatory body or standard (e.g., an SAR limit consistent with the regulatory value for the FCC standard) and a fourth value for the second RF exposure limit that complies with a second regulatory limit from a fourth regulatory body or standard (e.g., a PD limit consistent with the regulatory value for the ICNIRP 1998 standard). As used herein, a regulatory value may represent a maximum allowable value as provided or adopted by a local regulatory body or commission. In aspects, the time window and / or RF exposure limit may depend on the transmission frequency. For example, the UE may select values ​​for the time window and / or RF exposure limit that comply with the regulatory values ​​used in the identified region based on the transmission frequency of the signal.

[0080]

[0084] In some aspects, the UE may select an exposure mode (e.g., the mode in block 404) to be used for the region and transmit a signal at a transmit power level based on the exposure mode. For example, the UE may transmit a signal using a peak exposure mode corresponding to the region at a transmit power level based at least in part on a selected RF exposure limit. In some cases, the UE may transmit a signal using a time-averaged exposure mode corresponding to the region at a transmit power level based at least in part on a selected RF exposure limit and / or a selected time window.

[0081]

[0085] In some cases, the UE may select other parameters used to determine RF exposure compliance based on the identified region. For example, the UE may select the size of a cubic mass (e.g., 1 g-mass, 10 g-mass, etc.) used to determine RF exposure compliance for SAR in a particular region. The UE may select the size of an area (e.g., 4 cm ) used to determine RF exposure compliance for PD in a particular region. 2 Area of ​​20cm 2 area, etc.) can be selected.

[0082]

[0086] In an aspect, a UE may be in communication with a base station, such as the BS 110. For example, in block 406, the UE may be transmitting user data on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) and / or various uplink feedback (e.g., uplink control information (UCI) or hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback) on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) to the base station. In some cases, the UE may be in communication with another UE. For example, in block 406, the UE may be transmitting user data and / or various feedback to the other UE on a sidelink channel.

[0083]

[0087] In some aspects, the RF exposure limit may comprise a specific absorption rate (SAR) limit, a power density (PD) limit, a specific energy absorption (SA) limit, and / or an absorbed energy density (Uab) limit. In aspects, the UE may select a time window in a range from 1 second to 360 seconds. For example, the time window may be 4 seconds, 100 seconds, or 360 seconds. The range from 1 second to 360 seconds is an example, and other suitable values ​​for the time window may be used. In some cases, the time window may be less than 1 second, such as 10 milliseconds. In some cases, the time window may be greater than 360 seconds, such as 600 seconds.

[0084]

[0088] In some cases, the UE may associate a region / MCC with various parameters and modes for RF exposure compliance, for example, based on a mapping (e.g., in a lookup table). For example, FIG. 5A is a table illustrating an example mapping between MCC lists and various RF exposure parameters and exposure modes in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. In this example, each MCC list may include one or more MCCs, and the MCC lists may correspond to a particular country or region, such as Canada, the United States, or the EU. The UE may identify the current MCC of the wireless network in which the UE is operating, and the UE may identify the MCC list to which the current MCC corresponds. Based on the current MCC, the UE may select a respective exposure mode (e.g., time-averaged mode or peak mode), time window (e.g., T1, T2, or T3), SAR limit (e.g., SAR1, SAR2, or SAR3), and / or PD limit (e.g., PD1, PD2, or PD3) corresponding to the identified MCC and / or MCC list. For example, the UE may identify that its current MCC corresponds to MCC list #4, and based on this, the UE may select peak exposure mode, SAR2, and PD2 as the mode and parameter values ​​for determining RF exposure compliance.

[0085]

[0089] In some cases, an MCC list may have multiple time windows (not shown) corresponding to particular frequency ranges and / or RF exposure limits. For example, MCC list #4 may have a first time window (T1_SAR) for SAR limits and sub-6 GHz bands, and a second time window (T1_PD) for PD limits and mmWave bands.

[0086]

[0090] In some cases, the various values ​​for the time window and RF exposure limit shown in Figure 5A may represent regulatory values ​​for the time window, SAR limit, and / or PD limit for each MCC / region. In such cases, the UE may select values ​​that are smaller than the regulatory values ​​shown in Figure 5A. In some cases, the various values ​​shown in Figure 5A may represent values ​​that are smaller than the regulatory values ​​for each MCC / region, such that the UE may select the same value in the MCC list to determine RF exposure compliance in a particular region.

[0087]

[0091] In some cases, two or more of the values ​​selected by the UE are based on limits from different regulatory bodies and / or standards. For example, if the windows / modes ending with “1” in the example shown in FIG. 5A represent limits from a first regulatory body or standard (e.g., FCC), the windows / modes ending with “2” represent limits from a second regulatory body or standard (e.g., ICNIRP 1998), and the windows / modes ending with “3” represent limits from a third regulatory body or standard (e.g., ICNIRP 2020), when the UE is in a region corresponding to MCC list #5, the UE may select a value for the time window that is based on a limit (e.g., T2) from a regulatory body or standard that sets limits on RF exposure amounts (e.g., SAR1, PD1).

[0088]

[0092] As another example, when the UE is in a region corresponding to MCC List #6, it may select values ​​for each of the time window, SAR exposure, and PD exposure based on restrictions from the respective regulatory body or standard. In contrast, all of the restrictions corresponding to MCC List #1 may be determined by a single regulatory body or standard.

[0089]

[0093] In some cases, in addition to the time-averaged RF exposure limit, there may be additional limits on the total energy deposition, such as for short-term RF exposures where there may not be enough time for thermal diffusion to occur. In such situations, the specific energy absorption (SA, in J / kg) and / or absorbed energy density (Uab, in J / m 2 units) may be used, for example, for RF bands below and above 6 GHz, respectively, for regions adopting the ICNIRP 2020 standard.

[0090]

[0094] 5B is a table illustrating another example mapping between MCC lists and various RF exposure parameters (such as SA and Uab) and exposure modes, according to some aspects of the present disclosure. In this example, the MCC list may be further associated with whether SA and / or Uab are specified in the region for RF exposure compliance. For example, "Yes" may indicate that the region has regulatory restrictions on SA or Uab, and "No" may indicate that the region does not have regulatory restrictions on SA or Uab. A UE may, for example, use the table shown in FIG. 5B to determine whether a region associated with a particular MCC list uses SA and / or Uab restrictions.

[0091]

[0095] Those skilled in the art will understand that the parameters shown in Figures 5A and 5B are exemplary only. Additional parameters or categories of parameters may be used in addition to or instead of those shown. For example, regions may be represented by identifiers other than MCC, and / or identifiers may be represented individually instead of being included in a list. As another example, methods for calculating exposures other than time averages may be shown, and associated parameters provided. Similarly, metrics for exposures other than SAR and PD may be included. Furthermore, values ​​need not be stored in a lookup table, but may be stored, accessed, retrieved, and determined in real time using any number of hardware and / or software means.

[0092]

[0096] 6 is a signaling flow diagram illustrating example operations for region-based configurable RF exposure compliance in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. At 602, UE 120 may receive from BS 110 an indication of wireless network identification information (e.g., PLMN identification information), which may include an MCC, or may otherwise receive information that may be used to determine the region in which UE 120 is located. For example, UE 120 may receive system information (e.g., a system information block (SIB)) indicating the PLMN identification information of the wireless network to which BS 110 belongs.

[0093]

[0097] At 604, the UE 120 may identify a region in which the UE is located, for example, based on the MCC received at 602. By way of example, the UE 120 may identify a region associated with a list of MCCs that includes the MCC received at 602.

[0094]

[0098] At 606, the UE may select one or more parameters (e.g., a time window, an RF exposure limit, and / or a short-term RF exposure limit) and / or a mode (e.g., a peak exposure mode or a time-averaged exposure mode) associated with determining RF exposure compliance for the identified region. In an aspect, the various parameters may be frequency dependent, as described herein with respect to SAR / PD limits. As an example, the UE may select a time window and / or an RF exposure limit for determining RF exposure compliance in the identified region. The UE may select the time window and / or the RF exposure limit by mapping the identified region to the corresponding parameters, for example, as described herein with respect to operation 400 and / or FIGS. 5A and 5B. The UE may select the mode by mapping the identified region to the corresponding exposure mode, for example, as described herein with respect to operation 400 and / or FIGS. 5A and 5B.

[0095]

[0099] At 608, the UE 120 may transmit a signal at a transmit power level based at least in part on at least one of the selected parameters or the selected mode (e.g., the selected time window or the selected RF exposure limit).

[0096]

[0100] 7 shows a communications device 700 (e.g., UE 120) that may include various components (e.g., corresponding to means-plus-function components) configured to perform operations for the techniques disclosed herein, such as operations 400 shown in FIG. 4. The communications device 700 includes a processing system 702 coupled to a transceiver 708 (e.g., a transmitter and / or a receiver). The transceiver 708 is configured to transmit and receive signals for the communications device 700 via an antenna 710, such as various signals described herein. The processing system 702 may be configured to perform processing functions for the communications device 700, including processing signals received by and / or to be transmitted by the communications device 700.

[0097]

[0101] Processing system 702 includes a processor 704 coupled to a computer-readable medium / memory 712 via a bus 706. In some embodiments, the computer-readable medium / memory 712 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that, when executed by the processor 704, cause the processor 704 to perform operations 400 shown in FIG. 4 or other operations to implement various techniques described herein for providing configurable RF exposure compliance based on the region in which the communications device 700 is located or operating. In some embodiments, the computer-readable medium / memory 712 stores code 714 for transmitting, code 716 for identifying, and / or code 718 for selecting. In some embodiments, the processing system 702 has circuitry 720 configured to implement the code stored in the computer-readable medium / memory 712. In some embodiments, the circuitry 720 is coupled to the processor 704 and / or the computer-readable medium / memory 712 via the bus 706. For example, the circuitry 720 includes a circuitry 722 for transmitting, a circuitry 724 for identifying, and / or a circuitry 726 for selecting.

[0098] Example Aspects

[0102] In addition to the various aspects described above, certain combinations of aspects are within the scope of the present disclosure, some of which are detailed below.

[0099]

[0103] Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication by a user equipment, comprising: identifying a region in which the UE is located; selecting at least one of a mode or one or more parameters for radio frequency (RF) exposure compliance based on the identified region; and transmitting a signal at a transmit power level based at least in part on at least one of the selected mode or the selected one or more parameters.

[0100]

[0104] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, wherein identifying the region comprises identifying the region based on an Operational Region Identity Code (MCC) of a wireless network in which the UE is operating.

[0101]

[0105] Aspect 3: The method of aspect 2, wherein identifying the region comprises receiving a message from a base station indicating wireless network identification information including an MCC.

[0102]

[0106] Aspect 4: The method according to aspect 2 or 3, wherein identifying the region comprises identifying the MCC to be in a list of MCCs corresponding to the region.

[0103]

[0107] Aspect 5: The method according to any of aspects 1 to 4, wherein the region includes one or more countries.

[0104]

[0108] Embodiment 6: The method according to any of embodiments 1 to 5, wherein the one or more parameters include at least one of a time window or an RF exposure limit, and wherein selecting the one or more parameters comprises at least one of selecting a first value for the time window that complies with a regulatory window from a first regulatory body or standard and selecting a second value for the RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a second regulatory body or standard that is different from the first regulatory body or standard, or selecting a third value for the first RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a third regulatory body or standard and selecting a fourth value for the second RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a fourth regulatory body or standard that is different from the third regulatory body or standard.

[0105]

[0109] Aspect 7: The method of aspect 6, wherein the first value corresponds to at least one of a regulatory window and the second value corresponds to a regulatory limit.

[0106]

[0110] Embodiment 8: The method according to any of embodiments 1 to 7, wherein the mode includes a peak exposure mode corresponding to a region, and transmitting the signal comprises transmitting the signal at a transmit power level based at least in part on an RF exposure limit using the peak exposure mode corresponding to the region.

[0107]

[0111] Aspect 9: The method according to any of aspects 1 to 7, wherein the mode includes a time-averaged exposure mode corresponding to a region, and transmitting the signal comprises transmitting the signal at a transmit power level based at least in part on an RF exposure limit using the time-averaged exposure mode corresponding to the region.

[0108]

[0112] Embodiment 10: The method according to any of embodiments 1 to 9, wherein the one or more parameters comprise at least one of a specific absorption rate (SAR) limit, a power density (PD) limit, a specific energy absorption (SA) limit, or an absorbed energy density (Uab) limit.

[0109]

[0113] Embodiment 11: The method according to any of embodiments 1 to 10, wherein selecting one or more parameters comprises selecting a time window within a range from 1 second to 360 seconds.

[0110]

[0114] Aspect 12: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: a memory; a processor coupled to the memory; and a transmitter configured to: identify a region in which the apparatus is located; select at least one of a mode or one or more parameters for radio frequency (RF) exposure compliance based on the identified region; and transmit a signal at a transmit power level based at least in part on at least one of the selected mode or the selected one or more parameters.

[0111]

[0115] Aspect 13: The apparatus of aspect 12, wherein the processor and memory are further configured to identify the region based on an operational region identification code (MCC) of a wireless network in which the apparatus is operating.

[0112]

[0116]

[0033] Aspect 14: The apparatus of aspect 13, further comprising: a receiver configured to receive a message from a base station indicating wireless network identification information including an MCC.

[0113]

[0117] Aspect 15: The apparatus according to aspect 13 or 14, wherein the processor and memory are further configured to identify that the MCC is within a list of MCCs corresponding to the region.

[0114]

[0118] Aspect 16: The apparatus according to any of aspects 12 to 15, wherein the region includes one or more countries.

[0115]

[0119] Embodiment 17: The apparatus according to any of embodiments 12-16, wherein the one or more parameters include at least one of a time window or an RF exposure limit, and wherein the processor and memory are further configured to: select a first value for the time window that complies with a regulatory window from a first regulatory body or standard and select a second value for the RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a second regulatory body or standard that is different from the first regulatory body or standard; or select a third value for the first RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a third regulatory body or standard and select a fourth value for the second RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a fourth regulatory body or standard that is different from the third regulatory body or standard.

[0116]

[0120]

[0031] Aspect 18: The apparatus of aspect 17, wherein the first value corresponds to at least one of a regulatory window and the second value corresponds to a regulatory limit.

[0117]

[0121] Embodiment 19: The apparatus according to any of embodiments 12-18, wherein the modes include a peak exposure mode corresponding to a region, and wherein the transmitter is configured to transmit the signal at a transmit power level that is based at least in part on an RF exposure limit using the peak exposure mode corresponding to the region.

[0118]

[0122] Embodiment 20: The apparatus according to any of embodiments 12-18, wherein the mode includes a time-averaged exposure mode corresponding to a region, and wherein the transmitter is configured to transmit the signal at a transmit power level that is based at least in part on an RF exposure limit using the time-averaged exposure mode corresponding to the region.

[0119]

[0123] Embodiment 21: The apparatus according to any of embodiments 12-20, wherein the RF exposure limit comprises at least one of a specific absorption rate (SAR) limit, a power density (PD) limit, a specific energy absorption (SA) limit, or an absorbed energy density (Uab) limit.

[0120]

[0124] Aspect 22: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: means for identifying a region in which the apparatus is located; means for selecting at least one of a mode or one or more parameters for radio frequency (RF) exposure compliance based on the identified region; and means for transmitting a signal at a transmit power level based at least in part on at least one of the selected mode or the selected one or more parameters.

[0121]

[0125]

[0071] Aspect 23: The apparatus of aspect 22, wherein the means for identifying the region comprises means for identifying the region based on an Operational Region Code (MCC) of a wireless network in which the apparatus is operating.

[0122]

[0126]

[0071] Aspect 24: The apparatus of aspect 23, wherein the means for identifying a region comprises means for receiving, from a base station, a message indicating wireless network identification information including the MCC.

[0123]

[0127] Embodiment 25: The apparatus according to embodiment 23 or 24, wherein the means for identifying the region comprises means for identifying that the MCC is in a list of MCCs corresponding to the region.

[0124]

[0128] Aspect 26: The apparatus according to any of aspects 22 to 25, wherein the region includes one or more countries.

[0125]

[0129] Embodiment 27: An apparatus according to any of embodiments 22-26, wherein the one or more parameters include at least one of a time window or an RF exposure limit, and wherein the means for selecting the one or more parameters comprises at least one of means for selecting a first value for the time window that complies with a regulatory window from a first regulatory body or standard, means for selecting a second value for the RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a second regulatory body or standard that is different from the first regulatory body or standard, or means for selecting a third value for the first RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a third regulatory body or standard, and means for selecting a fourth value for the second RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a fourth regulatory body or standard that is different from the third regulatory body or standard.

[0126]

[0130]

[0071] Aspect 28: The apparatus of aspect 27, wherein the first value corresponds to at least one of a regulatory window and the second value corresponds to a regulatory limit.

[0127]

[0131] Embodiment 29: The apparatus according to any of embodiments 22-28, wherein the mode includes a peak exposure mode corresponding to a region, and wherein the means for transmitting the signal comprises means for transmitting the signal at a transmit power level based at least in part on an RF exposure limit using the peak exposure mode corresponding to the region.

[0128]

[0132] Embodiment 30: The apparatus according to any of embodiments 22-28, wherein the mode includes a time-averaged exposure mode corresponding to a region, and wherein the means for transmitting the signal comprises means for transmitting the signal at a transmit power level that is based at least in part on an RF exposure limit using the time-averaged exposure mode corresponding to the region.

[0129]

[0133] Aspect 31: An apparatus comprising: a memory including executable instructions; and one or more processors configured to execute the executable instructions and cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any of aspects 1-11.

[0130]

[0134] Embodiment 32: An apparatus comprising means for carrying out the method according to any of embodiments 1 to 11.

[0131]

[0135] Aspect 33: A computer-readable medium comprising executable instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform a method according to any of aspects 1-11.

[0132]

[0136] Aspect 34: A computer program product embodied on a computer-readable storage medium, comprising code for performing the method according to any of aspects 1-11.

[0133]

[0137] The techniques described herein may be used for various wireless communication technologies, such as NR (e.g., 5G NR), 3GPP® Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Advanced (LTE-A), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), and other networks. The terms “network” and “system” are often used interchangeably. A CDMA network may implement radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), cdma2000, etc. UTRA includes Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) and other variants of CDMA. cdma2000 covers the IS-2000, IS-95, and IS-856 standards. A TDMA network may implement radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). An OFDMA network may implement radio technologies such as NR (e.g., 5G RA), Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDMA, etc. UTRA and E-UTRA are parts of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). LTE and LTE-A are releases of UMTS that use E-UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE, LTE-A, and GSM are described in documents from an organization named "3rd Generation Partnership Project" (3GPP), and cdma2000 and UMB are described in documents from an organization named "3rd Generation Partnership Project 2" (3GPP2). NR is an emerging wireless communications technology under development.

[0134]

[0138] In 3GPP, the term "cell" can refer to the coverage area of ​​a Node B (NB) and / or the NB subsystem serving this coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. In an NR system, the terms "cell" and BS, next-generation Node B (gNB or gNodeB), access point (AP), distributed unit (DU), carrier, or transmit / receive point (TRP) may be used interchangeably. A BS may provide communication coverage for a macrocell, picocell, femtocell, and / or other types of cell. A macrocell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a few kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions. A picocell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions. A femtocell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs having an association with the femtocell (e.g., UEs in a closed subscriber group (CSG), UEs for users at home, etc.). A BS for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro BS, a BS for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico BS, and a BS for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto BS or a home BS.

[0135]

[0139] A UE may also be referred to as a mobile station, terminal, access terminal, subscriber unit, station, customer premises equipment (CPE), cellular phone, smartphone, personal digital assistant (PDA), wireless modem, wireless communication device, handheld device, laptop computer, cordless phone, wireless local loop (WLL) station, tablet computer, camera, gaming device, netbook, smartbook, ultrabook, appliance, medical device or equipment, biometric sensor / device, wearable device such as smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., smart ring, smart bracelet, etc.), entertainment device (e.g., music device, video device, satellite radio, etc.), vehicle component or vehicle sensor, smart meter / sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, global positioning system device, or any other suitable device configured to communicate over a wireless or wired medium. Some UEs may be considered machine type communication (MTC) devices or evolved MTC (eMTC) devices. MTC UEs and eMTC UEs include, for example, a robot, a drone, a remote device, a sensor, a meter, a monitor, a location tag, etc. that may communicate with a BS, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. A wireless node may provide, for example, connectivity for or to a network (e.g., a wide area network such as the Internet or a cellular network) via a wired or wireless communication link. Some UEs may be considered Internet of Things (IoT) devices, which may be Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) devices.

[0136]

[0140] In some examples, access to the air interface may be scheduled. A scheduling entity (e.g., a BS) allocates resources for communication among some or all devices and equipment within its coverage area or cell. The scheduling entity may be responsible for scheduling, assigning, reconfiguring, and releasing resources for one or more subordinate entities. That is, for scheduled communication, the subordinate entities utilize the resources allocated by the scheduling entity. A base station is not the only entity that may function as a scheduling entity. In some examples, a UE may function as a scheduling entity and schedule resources for one or more subordinate entities (e.g., one or more other UEs), and the other UEs may utilize the resources scheduled by the UE for wireless communication. In some examples, a UE may function as a scheduling entity in a peer-to-peer (P2P) network and / or in a mesh network. In the example of a mesh network, UEs may communicate directly with each other in addition to communicating with the scheduling entity.

[0137]

[0141] The methods disclosed herein comprise one or more steps or actions for achieving the method. The steps and / or actions of the methods may be interchanged with one another without departing from the scope of the claims. In other words, unless a specific order of steps or actions is specified, the order and / or use of specific steps and / or actions may be changed without departing from the scope of the claims.

[0138]

[0142] As used herein, a phrase referring to "at least one of" a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. As an example, "at least one of a, b, or c" is intended to encompass a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, and abc, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., aa, aaa, aab, aac, abb, acc, bb, bbb, bbc, cc, and ccc, or any other order of a, b, and c).

[0139]

[0143] As used herein, the term "determining" encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" may include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (e.g., looking up in a table, database, or another data structure), ascertaining, etc. Also, "determining" may include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory), etc. Also, "determining" may include resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, etc.

[0140]

[0144] The foregoing description is provided to enable those skilled in the art to practice the various embodiments described herein. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments. Accordingly, the claims are not limited to the embodiments set forth herein but are to be accorded the full scope consistent with the claim language, wherein reference to an element in the singular does not mean "one and only one," unless expressly stated otherwise, but rather "one or more." Unless expressly stated otherwise, the term "some" refers to one or more. All structural and functional equivalents of the elements of the various embodiments described throughout this disclosure that are known or later become known to those skilled in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are encompassed by the claims. Furthermore, nothing disclosed herein is offered to the public, regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly set forth in the claims. No claim element shall be construed under the provisions of 35 U.S.C. § 112(f) unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase "means for," or, in the case of a method claim, unless the element is recited using the phrase "step for."

[0141]

[0145] The various operations of the methods described above may be performed by any suitable means capable of performing the corresponding functions. These means may include various hardware and / or software components and / or modules, including, but not limited to, circuits, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or processors. Generally, where there are operations illustrated in figures, those operations may have corresponding counterpart means-plus-function components with similar numbering.

[0142]

[0146] The various example logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with this disclosure may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any commercially available processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

[0143]

[0147] When implemented in hardware, an exemplary hardware configuration may include a processing system in a wireless node. The processing system may be implemented using a bus architecture. The bus may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, depending on the particular application and overall design constraints of the processing system. The bus may link various circuits together, including processors, machine-readable media, and bus interfaces. The bus interface may be used to connect a network adapter, among other things, to the processing system via the bus. The network adapter may be used to implement signal processing functions of the physical (PHY) layer. In the case of a user terminal (see FIG. 1 ), a user interface (e.g., keypad, display, mouse, joystick, etc.) may also be connected to the bus. The bus may also link various other circuits, such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, power management circuits, etc., which are well known in the art and therefore will not be described further. The processor may be implemented using one or more general-purpose and / or special-purpose processors. Examples include microprocessors, microcontrollers, DSP processors, and other circuits capable of executing software. Those skilled in the art will understand how the described functionality of the processing system can best be implemented depending on the particular application and the overall design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0144]

[0148] If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, data, or any combination thereof, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media, including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A processor may be responsible for managing buses and general processing, including the execution of software modules stored on the machine-readable storage medium. A computer-readable storage medium may be coupled to a processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. Alternatively, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. By way of example, machine-readable media may include a transmission line, a carrier wave modulated by data, and / or a computer-readable storage medium with instructions stored thereon that is separate from a wireless node, all of which may be accessed by a processor via a bus interface. Alternatively, or in addition, the machine-readable medium, or any portion thereof, may be integrated into the processor, such as may be a cache and / or general-purpose register file. Examples of machine-readable storage media may include, by way of example, RAM (random access memory), flash memory, ROM (read-only memory), PROM (programmable read-only memory), EPROM (erasable programmable read-only memory), EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory), registers, magnetic disks, optical disks, hard drives, or any other suitable storage medium, or any combination thereof. The machine-readable medium may be embodied in a computer program product.

[0145]

[0149] A software module may comprise a single instruction, or many instructions, and may be distributed over several different code segments, among different programs, and across multiple storage media. A computer-readable medium may comprise several software modules. A software module contains instructions that, when executed by a device such as a processor, cause the processor to perform various functions. A software module may include a transmitting module and a receiving module. Each software module may reside in a single storage device or be distributed across multiple storage devices. As an example, a software module may be loaded into RAM from a hard drive when a trigger event occurs. During execution of a software module, the processor may load some of the instructions into a cache to increase access speed. One or more cache lines may then be loaded into a general-purpose register file for execution by the processor. When referring below to the functionality of a software module, it will be understood that such functionality is implemented by the processor when executing instructions from that software module.

[0146]

[0150] Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared (IR), radio, and microwave, the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium. As used herein, disk and disc include compact discs (CDs), laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs (DVDs), floppy discs, and Blu-ray discs, where disks typically reproduce data magnetically and discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Thus, in some aspects computer-readable medium may comprise non-transitory computer-readable medium (e.g., tangible media). Furthermore, in other aspects, computer-readable media may comprise transitory computer-readable media (eg, a signal). Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0147]

[0151] Accordingly, some aspects may comprise a computer program product for performing the operations presented herein. For example, such a computer program product may comprise a computer-readable medium having instructions stored (and / or encoded) thereon, the instructions being executable by one or more processors to perform the operations described herein, e.g., the operations described herein and illustrated in FIG. 4.

[0148]

[0152] Furthermore, it should be appreciated that modules and / or other suitable means for implementing the methods and techniques described herein may be downloaded and / or otherwise obtained by a user terminal and / or base station, where applicable. For example, such devices may be coupled to a server to facilitate the transfer of means for implementing the methods described herein. Alternatively, the various methods described herein may be provided by a storage means (e.g., RAM, ROM, a physical storage medium such as a compact disc (CD) or floppy disk, etc.) such that the user terminal and / or base station may acquire the various methods upon coupling or providing the storage means to the device. Moreover, any other suitable technique for providing the methods and techniques described herein to a device may be utilized.

[0149]

[0153] It is to be understood that the claims are not limited to the precise configuration and components shown above. Various modifications, changes and variations may be made in the arrangement, operation and details of the methods and apparatus described above without departing from the scope of the claims. The inventions described in the claims of the present application as originally filed are set forth below. [C1] 1. A method of wireless communication by a user equipment (UE), comprising: Identifying a region in which the UE is located; and selecting at least one of a mode or one or more parameters for radio frequency (RF) exposure compliance based on the identified region; and transmitting a signal at a transmit power level based at least in part on the selected mode or the at least one of the selected one or more parameters. [C2] The method of C1, wherein identifying the region comprises identifying the region based on an Operational Region Code (MCC) of a wireless network in which the UE is operating. [C3] The method of C2, wherein identifying the region comprises receiving a message from a base station indicating wireless network identification information including the MCC. [C4] The method of C2, wherein identifying the region comprises identifying the MCC to be in a list of MCCs corresponding to the region. [C5] The method of C1, wherein the region includes one or more countries. [C6] the one or more parameters include at least one of a time window or an RF exposure limit; selecting the one or more parameters selecting a first value for the time window that complies with a regulatory window from a first regulatory body or standard and selecting a second value for the RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a second regulatory body or standard that is different from the first regulatory body or standard; or selecting a third value for the first RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a third regulatory body or standard and selecting a fourth value for the second RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a fourth regulatory body or standard that is different from the third regulatory body or standard. and The method described in C1. [C7] The method of C6, wherein the first value corresponds to the regulatory window or the second value corresponds to the regulatory limit. [C8] the modes include a peak exposure mode corresponding to the region; transmitting the signal comprises transmitting the signal at the transmit power level based at least in part on RF exposure limits using the peak exposure mode corresponding to the region. The method described in C1. [C9] the modes include a time-averaged exposure mode corresponding to the region; transmitting the signal comprises transmitting the signal at the transmit power level based at least in part on RF exposure limits using the time-averaged exposure mode corresponding to the region. The method described in C1. [C10] The method of C1, wherein the one or more parameters comprise at least one of a specific absorption rate (SAR) limit, a power density (PD) limit, a specific energy absorption (SA) limit, or an absorbed energy density (Uab) limit. [C11] The method of C1, wherein selecting the one or more parameters comprises selecting a time window within a range from 1 second to 360 seconds. [C12] 1. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: Memory and a processor coupled to the memory, the processor and the memory Identifying the geographical area in which the device is located; Selecting at least one of a mode or one or more parameters for radio frequency (RF) exposure compliance based on the identified region. It is configured as follows: a transmitter configured to transmit a signal at a transmit power level based at least in part on the at least one of the selected mode or the selected one or more parameters; An apparatus comprising: [C13] The apparatus of C12, wherein the processor and the memory are further configured to identify the region based on an Operational Region Identification Code (MCC) of a wireless network in which the apparatus is operating. [C14] The apparatus of C13, further comprising: a receiver configured to receive a message from a base station indicating wireless network identification information including the MCC. [C15] The apparatus of C13, wherein the processor and the memory are further configured to identify that the MCC is within a list of MCCs corresponding to the region. [C16] The apparatus of C12, wherein the region includes one or more countries. [C17] the one or more parameters include at least one of a time window or an RF exposure limit; the processor and the memory selecting a first value for the time window that complies with a regulatory window from a first regulatory body or standard and selecting a second value for the RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a second regulatory body or standard that is different from the first regulatory body or standard; or selecting a third value for a first RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a third regulatory body or standard and selecting a fourth value for a second RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a fourth regulatory body or standard that is different from the third regulatory body or standard. Further comprised of: The device described in C12. [C18] The apparatus of C17, wherein the first value corresponds to at least one of the regulatory window and the second value corresponds to the regulatory limit. [C19] the modes include a peak exposure mode corresponding to the region; the transmitter is configured to transmit the signal at the transmit power level based at least in part on RF exposure limits using the peak exposure mode corresponding to the region. The device described in C12. [C20] the modes include a time-averaged exposure mode corresponding to the region; the transmitter is configured to transmit the signal at the transmit power level based at least in part on RF exposure limits using the time-averaged exposure mode corresponding to the region. The device described in C12. [C21] 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the one or more parameters comprise at least one of a specific absorption rate (SAR) limit, a power density (PD) limit, a specific energy absorption (SA) limit, or an absorbed energy density (Uab) limit. [C22] 1. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: means for identifying the area in which the device is located; means for selecting at least one of a mode or one or more parameters for radio frequency (RF) exposure compliance based on the identified region; means for transmitting a signal at a transmit power level based at least in part on said at least one of said selected mode or said selected one or more parameters; An apparatus comprising: [C23] The apparatus of C22, wherein the means for identifying the region comprises means for identifying the region based on an Operational Region Code (MCC) of a wireless network in which the apparatus is operating. [C24] The apparatus of C23, wherein the means for identifying the region comprises means for receiving a message from a base station indicating wireless network identification information including the MCC. [C25] The apparatus of C23, wherein the means for identifying the region comprises means for identifying that the MCC is in a list of MCCs corresponding to the region. [C26] The apparatus of C22, wherein the region includes one or more countries. [C27] the one or more parameters include at least one of a time window or an RF exposure limit; said means for selecting means for selecting a first value for the time window that complies with a regulatory window from a first regulatory body or standard, and means for selecting a second value for the RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a second regulatory body or standard that is different from the first regulatory body or standard; or means for selecting a third value for the first RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a third regulatory body or standard; and means for selecting a fourth value for the second RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a fourth regulatory body or standard that is different from the third regulatory body or standard. and The device described in C22. [C28] The apparatus of C27, wherein the first value corresponds to at least one of the regulatory window and the second value corresponds to the regulatory limit. [C29] the modes include a peak exposure mode corresponding to the region; wherein the means for transmitting the signal comprises means for transmitting the signal at the transmit power level based at least in part on RF exposure limits using the peak exposure mode corresponding to the region. The device described in C22. [C30] the modes include a time-averaged exposure mode corresponding to the region; the means for transmitting the signal comprises means for transmitting the signal at the transmit power level based at least in part on RF exposure limits using the time-averaged exposure mode corresponding to the region. The device described in C22.

Claims

1. 1. A method of wireless communication by a user equipment (UE), comprising: identifying a region in which the UE is located; selecting one or more parameters for radio frequency (RF) exposure compliance based on the identified region; and transmitting a signal at a transmit power level based at least in part on the selected one or more parameters; wherein the one or more parameters include at least one of a time window or an RF exposure limit; selecting the one or more parameters based on the identified region; selecting a first value for the time window that complies with a regulatory window from a first regulatory body or standard, and selecting a second value for the RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a second regulatory body or standard that is different from the first regulatory body or standard; or selecting a third value for the first RF exposure limit that complies with regulatory limits from a third regulatory body or standard, and selecting a fourth value for the second RF exposure limit that complies with regulatory limits from a fourth regulatory body or standard that is different from the third regulatory body or standard. The method of claim 1, further comprising at least one of:

2. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying the region comprises identifying the region based on an Operational Region Code (MCC) of a wireless network in which the UE is operating.

3. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein identifying the region comprises receiving a message from a base station indicating wireless network identification information including the MCC, and / or identifying the region comprises identifying the MCC as being in a list of MCCs corresponding to the region.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the region includes one or more countries.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first value corresponds to the regulatory window or the second value corresponds to the regulatory limit.

6. further comprising selecting a mode for RF exposure compliance based on the identified region, and wherein transmitting comprises transmitting the signal at a transmit power level based at least in part on the selected mode and the selected one or more parameters; the modes include a peak exposure mode corresponding to the region; transmitting the signal comprises transmitting the signal at the transmit power level based at least in part on RF exposure limits using the peak exposure mode corresponding to the region; or the modes include a time-averaged exposure mode corresponding to the region; transmitting the signal comprises transmitting the signal at the transmit power level based at least in part on RF exposure limits using the time-averaged exposure mode corresponding to the region. The method of claim 1.

7. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more parameters comprise at least one of a specific absorption rate (SAR) limit, a power density (PD) limit, a specific energy absorption (SA) limit, or an absorbed energy density (Uab) limit.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein selecting the one or more parameters comprises selecting a time window in a range from 1 second to 360 seconds.

9. 1. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: means for identifying a region in which said device is located; means for selecting one or more parameters for radio frequency (RF) exposure compliance based on the identified region; means for transmitting a signal at a transmit power level based at least in part on the selected one or more parameters; wherein the one or more parameters include at least one of a time window or an RF exposure limit; The means for selecting the one or more parameters based on the identified region comprises: means for selecting a first value for the time window that complies with a regulatory window from a first regulatory body or standard, and means for selecting a second value for the RF exposure limit that complies with a regulatory limit from a second regulatory body or standard that is different from the first regulatory body or standard; or means for selecting a third value for the first RF exposure limit that complies with regulatory limits from a third regulatory body or standard; and means for selecting a fourth value for the second RF exposure limit that complies with regulatory limits from a fourth regulatory body or standard that is different from the third regulatory body or standard. An apparatus comprising at least one of:

10. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the means for identifying the region comprises means for identifying the region based on an Operating Region Code (MCC) of a wireless network in which the apparatus is operating.

11. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the means for identifying the region comprises means for receiving a message from a base station indicating wireless network identification information including the MCC.

12. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the means for identifying the region comprises means for identifying that the MCC is in a list of MCCs corresponding to the region.

13. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the region includes one or more countries.

14. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the first value corresponds to the regulatory window or the second value corresponds to the regulatory limit.

15. the means for selecting is further configured to select a mode for RF exposure compliance based on the identified region, and the means for transmitting is configured to transmit the signal at a transmit power level based at least in part on the selected mode and the selected one or more parameters; the modes include a peak exposure mode corresponding to the region; the means for transmitting the signal comprises means for transmitting the signal at the transmit power level based at least in part on RF exposure limits using the peak exposure mode corresponding to the region; or the modes include a time-averaged exposure mode corresponding to the region; the means for transmitting the signal comprises means for transmitting the signal at the transmit power level based at least in part on RF exposure limits using the time-averaged exposure mode corresponding to the geographic area.

10. The apparatus of claim 9.

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