Manufacturing method of blades of a rotating impeller of a turbomachine and manufacturing method of a rotating impeller of a turbomachine

Abstract

To provide a vane of a rotary impeller of a turbomachine capable of being manufactured easily and capable of preventing flow of water from being inhibited.SOLUTION: A vane of a rotary impeller of a turbomachine according to an embodiment is provided between a first rotary support and a second rotary support. The vane comprises: a first vane portion supported by the first rotary support; a second vane portion supported by the second rotary support; a spacer arranged between the first vane portion and the second vane portion; and a vane fitting part fitted to the first vane portion, the spacer, and the second vane portion.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present embodiment relates to a rotor impeller blade for a turbomachine, a rotor impeller for a turbomachine, a method for manufacturing a rotor impeller blade for a turbomachine, and a method for manufacturing a rotor impeller for a turbomachine. [Background technology]

[0002] A Francis turbine, an example of a turbomachine, is equipped with a runner that converts water pressure energy into rotational energy. The runner includes multiple runner vanes arranged circumferentially, and a flow path through which water flows is formed between adjacent runner vanes. Water that flows into this flow path releases its pressure, converting the water pressure energy into rotational energy. The flow path between the runner vanes gradually narrows from the inlet to the outlet of the runner. This prevents sudden pressure changes within the flow path, and the water pressure, which is high at the inlet, gradually decreases toward the outlet. The runner vanes are arranged between the crown and the band and are connected to the crown and the band.

[0003] A runner having such a structure is generally a large part, so the crown, band, and runner blades are individually manufactured, and then each runner is welded to the crown and band to complete the runner.

[0004] On the other hand, if the runner is relatively small, the space between the runner vanes is small. In this case, it is difficult to secure working space, which can make welding and finishing the runner vanes difficult. For this reason, the crown and runner vanes may be manufactured from a single base material by cutting. In this case, the runner may be manufactured by bolting the runner vanes to a band manufactured as a separate part. Alternatively, the band and runner vanes may be manufactured from a single base material by cutting. In this case, the runner may be manufactured by bolting the runner vanes to a crown manufactured as a separate part.

[0005] Runner blades have a blade surface shape that is complexly curved in three dimensions. For this reason, cutting of runner blades is performed while carefully controlling the angle and depth of the cutting tool's cutting edge relative to the base material. For example, a multi-axis machine tool with three to five rotation axes is used, which can control the relative position of the base material and the cutting tool. Runners are usually designed taking into account the length, diameter, and range of motion of the tool. This prevents the creation of narrow or deep areas that cannot be cut. However, there is also the problem of restrictions on runner design.

[0006] For example, instead of cutting either the crown or the band and the entire runner vane from a single base material, it is possible to cut a portion of the runner vane, along with either the crown or the band, from a single base material. In this case, the portion of the runner vane integrated with the crown is connected to the remaining portion of the runner vane integrated with the band. The blade surface of the crown-side portion of the runner vane and the blade surface of the band-side portion of the runner vane are cut separately and then connected. As a result, machining errors or assembly errors may result in the formation of a step on both blade surfaces that is large enough to obstruct water flow. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 6726627 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] The embodiments have been made taking these points into consideration, and aim to provide a turbomachine rotating impeller blade that can be easily manufactured and that prevents obstruction of water flow, a turbomachine rotating impeller, a method for manufacturing a turbomachine rotating impeller blade, and a method for manufacturing a turbomachine rotating impeller. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The blade of a rotary impeller of a turbomachine according to an embodiment is a blade provided between a first rotary support and a second rotary support, and includes a first blade portion supported by the first rotary support and including a first blade surface, a second blade portion supported by the second rotary support and including a second blade surface, a spacer provided between the first blade portion and the second blade portion and including a spacer blade surface, and a blade fitting portion fitted to the first blade portion, the spacer, and the second blade portion.

[0010] The rotating impeller of a turbomachine according to the embodiment comprises a first rotating support, a second rotating support, and a plurality of blades of the rotating impeller of the turbomachine described above arranged between the first rotating support and the second rotating support.

[0011] A method for manufacturing a blade of a rotary impeller of a turbomachine according to an embodiment is a method for manufacturing a blade provided between a first rotary support and a second rotary support of a rotary impeller of a turbomachine, and includes the steps of: a step of fastening the first blade base material and the spacer base material by abutting a first spacer surface of a spacer base material against a first blade base material, and fitting a first machining fitting part to the first blade base material and the spacer base material; a step of cutting the first blade base material and the spacer base material to form a first blade portion including a first blade surface from the first blade base material and to form a spacer intermediate member including the first spacer blade surface from the spacer base material; a step of separating the first blade portion and the spacer intermediate member; and a step of abutting a second spacer surface of the spacer intermediate member opposite to the first spacer surface against a second blade base material, and fastening the second blade base material to the spacer intermediate member. the second blade base material and the spacer intermediate member are cut to form a second blade portion including a second blade surface from the second blade base material and a spacer including a second spacer blade surface from the spacer intermediate member; the second blade portion and the spacer are separated; and the first blade portion, spacer, and second blade portion are fastened to the first blade portion, spacer, and second blade portion by fitting a blade fitting portion into the first blade portion, spacer, and second blade portion to form a blade from the first blade portion, spacer, and second blade portion.

[0012] A manufacturing method for a rotary impeller of a turbomachine according to an embodiment is a manufacturing method for a rotary impeller including a first rotary support, a second rotary support, and blades provided between the first rotary support and the second rotary support, the manufacturing method includes a step of fastening the first impeller base material and the spacer base material by abutting a first spacer surface of a spacer base material against a first impeller base material, and fitting a first machining fitting part to the first impeller base material and the spacer base material, a step of cutting the first impeller base material and the spacer base material to form the first rotary support and a plurality of first blade portions including first blade surfaces from the first impeller base material and to form a plurality of spacer intermediate members including the first spacer blade surfaces from the spacer base material, a step of separating the first blade portions and the spacer intermediate members, and a step of abutting a second spacer surface of the spacer intermediate member opposite to the first spacer surface against a second impeller base material to fasten the second impeller base material and the spacer intermediate members. The method includes a process of fastening an intermediate member, in which a second processing fitting portion is fitted to the second impeller base material and the spacer intermediate member; a process of cutting the second impeller base material and the spacer intermediate member, in which a second rotary support and a plurality of second blade portions including second blade surfaces are formed from the second impeller base material, and a spacer including second spacer blade surfaces is formed from the spacer intermediate member; a process of separating the second blade portions and the spacer; and a process of fastening the first blade portions, the spacer, and the second blade portions, in which a blade fitting portion is fitted to the first blade portions, the spacer, and the second blade portions to form blades from the first blade portions, the spacer, and the second blade portions. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] According to the embodiment, the device can be easily manufactured and the obstruction of the flow of water can be suppressed. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of a Francis turbine according to a first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the runner blade shown in FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the runner blade shown in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the runner blade shown in FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a perspective view for explaining a first fastening step in the manufacturing method of the runner blade shown in FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a perspective view for explaining the first fastening step, seen from a direction different from that of FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a perspective view illustrating a first blade surface forming step in the method for manufacturing the runner blade shown in FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a perspective view for explaining a second fastening step in the manufacturing method of the runner blade shown in FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a perspective view illustrating a second blade surface forming step in the method for manufacturing the runner blade shown in FIG. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a runner according to the second embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a perspective view illustrating a bolt hole forming step in the method for manufacturing the runner shown in FIG. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a first fastening step in the method for manufacturing the runner shown in FIG. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is an exploded perspective view for explaining a second fastening step in the method for manufacturing the runner shown in FIG. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is an exploded perspective view for explaining an assembly step in the method for manufacturing the runner shown in FIG. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing the runner after assembly is completed in the method of manufacturing the runner shown in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, a turbomachine rotary impeller blade, a turbomachine rotary impeller, a method for manufacturing a turbomachine rotary impeller blade, and a method for manufacturing a turbomachine rotary impeller according to embodiments of the present invention will be described.

[0016] (First embodiment) 1 to 9, a turbomachine rotary impeller blade, a turbomachine rotary impeller, a method for manufacturing a turbomachine rotary impeller blade, and a method for manufacturing a turbomachine rotary impeller according to a first embodiment will be described.

[0017] First, a Francis turbine and a runner according to this embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 1. In this embodiment, a Francis turbine will be described as an example of a hydraulic machine, which is an example of a turbomachine.

[0018] As shown in FIG. 1, a Francis turbine 1 includes a spiral casing 2 into which water flows from an upper reservoir through a penstock (none of which are shown) during turbine operation, a plurality of stay vanes 3, a plurality of guide vanes 4, and a runner 5. The stay vanes 3 are components for rectifying the flow of water flowing from the casing 2 into the runner 5. The stay vanes 3 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, and a water flow passage is formed between adjacent stay vanes 3 in the circumferential direction. The guide vanes 4 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, and a water flow passage is formed between adjacent guide vanes 4 in the circumferential direction. Each guide vane 4 is rotatable, allowing the flow rate of water flowing into the runner 5 to be adjusted. In this way, the power generation capacity of a generator 7 (described later) can be adjusted.

[0019] The runner 5 is configured to be rotatable around the rotation axis C relative to the casing 2. When the turbine is operating, the runner 5 is rotationally driven by the water flowing in from the casing 2. In other words, the runner 5 is a component that converts the pressure energy of the water flowing into the runner 5 into rotational energy.

[0020] A generator 7 is connected to the runner 5 via a main shaft 6. The generator 7 is configured to generate electricity by transmitting the rotational energy of the runner 5 when the turbine is in operation.

[0021] A draft pipe 8 is provided downstream of the runner 5 when the turbine is in operation. This draft pipe 8 is connected to a lower reservoir or a discharge channel (not shown), so that the water that drives the runner 5 to rotate recovers pressure and is discharged into the lower reservoir or discharge channel (not shown).

[0022] The Francis turbine 1 may also be capable of pumping (pumping operation) as a pump turbine. In this case, the generator 7 also functions as an electric motor, and is configured to rotate the runner 5 when supplied with electric power. This allows water to be sucked up from the lower reservoir through the draft pipe 8 and discharged into the upper reservoir, enabling pumping operation. In this case, the opening of the guide vanes 4 is changed so that the amount of water pumped is appropriate depending on the pump head.

[0023] As shown in FIG. 1 , the runner 5 according to this embodiment is an example of a rotary impeller and includes a crown 10, a band 11, and a plurality of runner vanes 20. The crown 10 is an example of a second rotary support, and is connected to the main shaft 6 described above. The band 11 is an example of a first rotary support, and is arranged below the crown 10. The runner vanes 20 are provided between the crown 10 and the band 11, and are arranged in the circumferential direction around the rotation axis C. The runner vanes 20 are supported by the crown 10 and the band 11. A water flow path is formed between two circumferentially adjacent runner vanes 20. The runner vanes 20 according to this embodiment may be fastened to the crown 10 and the band 11 with bolts.

[0024] The runner blade 20 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0025] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the runner blade 20 includes a first blade portion 30, a second blade portion 40, a spacer 50, and a blade fitting portion 60.

[0026] As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 , the first blade portion 30 is a portion of the runner blade 20 that abuts against the band 11 and is connected to the band 11. The first blade portion 30 includes a band abutment surface 31 that abuts against the band 11, a first spacer abutment surface 32 that abuts against the spacer 50, a first bolt hole 33, and a countersunk hole 34. The first bolt hole 33 extends from the first spacer abutment surface 32 toward the band abutment surface 31. The countersunk hole 34 is formed in the band abutment surface 31 and communicates with the first bolt hole 33.

[0027] The first blade portion 30 includes a first blade surface 35. The first blade surface 35 corresponds to the outer surface of the first blade portion 30.

[0028] The second blade portion 40 is a portion of the runner blade 20 that abuts against the crown 10 and is connected to the crown 10. The second blade portion 40 includes a crown abutment surface 41 that abuts against the crown 10, a second spacer abutment surface 42 that abuts against the spacer 50, a second bolt hole 43, and a screw hole 44. The second bolt hole 43 extends from the second spacer abutment surface 42 toward the crown abutment surface 41. The screw hole 44 extends from the second bolt hole 43 toward the crown abutment surface 41. The screw hole 44 does not have to extend to the crown abutment surface 41, but may extend to the crown abutment surface 41.

[0029] The second blade portion 40 includes a second blade surface 45. The second blade surface 45 corresponds to the outer surface of the second blade portion 40.

[0030] The spacer 50 is disposed between the first blade portion 30 and the second blade portion 40. The spacer 50 includes a first spacer surface 51 that abuts against the first blade portion 30, a second spacer surface 52 that abuts against the second blade portion 40, and a spacer bolt hole 53. The second spacer surface 52 is located on the opposite side to the first spacer surface 51. The spacer bolt hole 53 extends from the first spacer surface 51 to the second spacer surface 52.

[0031] The spacer 50 includes a spacer surface 54. The spacer surface 54 corresponds to the outer surface of the spacer 50.

[0032] The blade surface of the runner blade 20 is made up of the first blade surface 35, the second blade surface 45, and the spacer blade surface 54 described above.

[0033] The blade fitting portion 60 is fitted to the first blade portion 30, the spacer 50, and the second blade portion 40. More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , the blade fitting portion 60 includes a blade fitting bolt 61. The blade fitting bolt 61 is inserted into and fitted to the first bolt hole 33, the spacer bolt hole 53, and the second bolt hole 43. The blade fitting bolt 61 includes a fitting body portion 62, a head portion 63, and a threaded portion 64. The fitting body portion 62 is inserted into and fitted to the first bolt hole 33, the spacer bolt hole 53, and the second bolt hole 43. The fitting body portion 62 is formed to extend from the head portion 63 to the threaded portion 64. The head portion 63 is inserted into the countersunk hole 34 of the first blade portion 30. The threaded portion 64 is threadedly fitted into the threaded hole 44 of the second blade portion 40. The first blade portion 30, the spacer 50 and the second blade portion 40 are fixed by tightening the blade fitting bolts 61. The blade fitting bolts 61 may be, for example, reamer bolts.

[0034] The term "fit" refers to a state in which the clearance between the body and the hole is relatively small, minimizing misalignment of the multiple components being fastened. For example, the fit may be a transition fit as defined in JIS B 0401. The fit tolerance range defined in JIS B 0401-1 may be, for example, a combination of Class g6 for the body and Class H7 for the hole. If the outer diameter of the body is 6 mm, the tolerance range is -0.012 mm to -0.0004 mm, and the minimum outer diameter is 5.988 mm. On the other hand, if the inner diameter of the hole is 6 mm, the tolerance range is 0 mm to +0.012 mm, and the maximum inner diameter is 6.012 mm. Therefore, the maximum clearance between the body and the hole is 0.012 mm in the radial direction on one side of the body. When such a fit tolerance is used, the misalignment between the first blade portion 30 and the spacer 50 is limited to within 0.012 mm, and the misalignment between the spacer 50 and the second blade portion 40 is limited to within 0.012 mm. In this way, by fitting the fitting body portion 62 of the blade fitting bolt 61 into the bolt holes 33, 43, 53, it is possible to reduce the misalignment between the first blade portion 30, the spacer 50, and the second blade portion 40.

[0035] 2 to 4, for convenience, an example is shown in which the band contact surface 31, the first spacer contact surface 32, the first spacer surface 51, the second spacer surface 52, the second spacer contact surface 42, and the crown contact surface 41 are flat and parallel to each other. However, these surfaces 31, 32, 41, 42, 51, and 52 need only be formed in accordance with the shapes of the crown 10 and the band 11, and are not limited to being flat. Each of the surfaces 31, 32, 41, 42, 51, and 52 may be formed so as to follow the main direction of water flow (see the arrow in FIG. 1). Alternatively, each of the surfaces 31, 32, 41, 42, 51, and 52 may extend in a direction intersecting the direction from the end of the runner vane 20 on the crown 10 side toward the end of the runner vane 20 on the band 11 side. Alternatively, each of the surfaces 31, 32, 41, 42, 51, and 52 may be curved. For example, each of the surfaces 31, 32, 41, 42, 51, and 52 may be a curved surface similar to the inner surface of the crown 10 and the inner surface of the band 11.

[0036] The runner blade 20 according to this embodiment includes two blade fitting portions 60. However, the number of blade fitting portions 60 may be three or more, and is optional.

[0037] Next, a method for manufacturing the runner blade 20 and the runner 5 according to this embodiment having the above-described configuration will be described.

[0038] First, in a preparation step, the first blade base material 36, the second blade base material 46, and the spacer base material 55 are prepared.

[0039] 5 and 6, the first blade base material 36 is a base material for forming the first blade portion 30, and has dimensions that ensure a cutting allowance for the first blade portion 30. The first blade base material 36 includes the band abutment surface 31, the first spacer abutment surface 32, the first bolt hole 33, and the countersunk hole 34 described above. In other words, the band abutment surface 31, the first spacer abutment surface 32, the first bolt hole 33, and the countersunk hole 34 are formed in advance in the first blade base material 36. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the first blade base material 36 may be formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape.

[0040] As shown in Fig. 8, the second blade base material 46 is a base material for forming the second blade portion 40, and has dimensions that ensure a cutting allowance for the second blade portion 40. The second blade base material 46 includes the crown abutment surface 41, the second spacer abutment surface 42, the second bolt hole 43, and the screw hole 44 described above. In other words, the crown abutment surface 41, the second spacer abutment surface 42, the second bolt hole 43, and the screw hole 44 are formed in advance in the second blade base material 46. As shown in Fig. 8, which will be described later, the second blade base material 46 may be formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape.

[0041] 5 and 6, the spacer base material 55 is a base material for forming the spacer 50, and has dimensions that ensure a cutting allowance for the spacer 50. The spacer base material 55 includes the first spacer surface 51, the second spacer surface 52, and the spacer bolt hole 53 described above. In other words, the first spacer surface 51, the second spacer surface 52, and the spacer bolt hole 53 are formed in advance in the spacer base material 55. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the spacer base material 55 may be formed in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped or a rectangular plate.

[0042] After the preparation step, in the first fastening step, the first blade base material 36 and the spacer base material 55 are fastened together. In this case, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 , the first spacer surface 51 of the spacer base material 55 abuts against the first spacer abutment surface 32 of the first blade base material 36, and the first working fitting portion 70 is fitted to the first blade base material 36 and the spacer base material 55. More specifically, the first working fitting portion 70 includes a first working fitting bolt 71 and a nut 75. The first working fitting bolt 71 includes a first fitting body portion 72, a head portion 73, and a threaded portion 74. The first fitting body portion 72 is formed to extend from the head portion 73 to the threaded portion 74. The threaded portion 74 of the first machining engagement bolt 71 is inserted into the first bolt hole 33 and the spacer bolt hole 53 from the counterbore hole 34 of the first blade base material 36, and the head 73 is inserted into the counterbore hole 34. A portion of the threaded portion 74 protrudes from the second spacer surface 52 and is screwed into a nut 75 abutting against the second spacer surface 52. The first blade base material 36 and the spacer base material 55 are fastened together by tightening the first machining engagement bolt 71 and the nut 75. The first engagement body portion 72 of the first machining engagement bolt 71 is fitted into the first bolt hole 33 and the spacer bolt hole 53. The first machining engagement bolt 71 may be, for example, a reamer bolt that is shorter than the blade engagement bolt 61.

[0043] After the first fastening step, the first blade base material 36 and the spacer base material 55 are machined in a first blade surface forming step. As a result, as shown in Fig. 7, the first blade portion 30 including the first blade surface 35 is formed from the first blade base material 36, and the spacer intermediate member 56 including the first spacer blade surface 54a is formed from the spacer base material 55. The first blade surface 35 and the first spacer blade surface 54a are formed continuously, which can prevent a step from being formed between the first blade surface 35 and the first spacer blade surface 54a. The first spacer blade surface 54a forms a part of the spacer blade surface 54 described above.

[0044] More specifically, the first blade surface 35 is formed from the band abutment surface 31 of the first blade base material 36 to the first spacer abutment surface 32. In this way, the first blade portion 30 shown in FIG. 2 etc. is obtained from the first blade base material 36.

[0045] A first spacer wing surface 54a is formed from the first spacer surface 51 of the spacer base material 55 to a midpoint 57. As a result, a spacer intermediate part 56 is obtained from the spacer base material 55. The midpoint 57 is a position between the first spacer surface 51 and the second spacer surface 52. A processing excess pad portion 58 is left in the range from the midpoint 57 to the second spacer surface 52. As shown in FIG. 7, the processing excess pad portion 58 may be a portion of the surface of the spacer base material 55 that remains unprocessed. Alternatively, the processing excess pad portion 58 may be a portion that has been processed to an extent that a processing allowance for forming the second wing surface 45, which will be described later, is secured.

[0046] After the first blade surface forming step, in the first separation step, the first blade portion 30 and the spacer intermediate member 56 are separated. In this step, first, the first working engagement bolt 71 and the nut 75 are removed, and the first working engagement bolt 71 is pulled out from the first bolt hole 33 and the spacer bolt hole 53. Thereafter, the first blade portion 30 and the spacer intermediate member 56 are separated.

[0047] After the first separation step, the second blade base material 46 and the spacer intermediate member 56 are fastened together in a second fastening step. In this case, as shown in FIG. 8 , the second spacer surface 52 of the spacer intermediate member 56 abuts against the second spacer abutment surface 42 of the second blade base material 46, and the second working fitting portion 80 is fitted to the second blade base material 46 and the spacer intermediate member 56. More specifically, the second working fitting portion 80 includes a second working fitting bolt 81. The second working fitting bolt 81 includes a second fitting body portion 82, a head portion 83, and a threaded portion 84. The second fitting body portion 82 is formed to extend from the head portion 83 to the threaded portion 74. The threaded portion 84 of the second working fitting bolt 81 is inserted from the first spacer surface 51 into the spacer bolt hole 53 and the second bolt hole 43, and the head portion 83 abuts against the first spacer surface 51. The threaded portion 84 is threaded into the threaded hole 44 of the second blade base material 46. The second blade base material 46 and the spacer intermediate member 56 are fastened together by tightening the second processing engagement bolt 81. The second engagement body portion 82 of the second processing engagement bolt 81 is engaged with the second bolt hole 43 and the spacer bolt hole 53. The second processing engagement bolt 81 may be, for example, a reamer bolt that is shorter than the blade engagement bolt 61.

[0048] After the second fastening step, a second blade surface forming step is performed in which a second blade base material 46 and a spacer intermediate member 56 are machined. As shown in Fig. 9, the second blade portion 40 including the second blade surface 45 is formed from the second blade base material 46, and the spacer 50 including the second spacer blade surface 54b is formed from the spacer intermediate member 56. The second blade surface 45 and the second spacer blade surface 54b are formed continuously, which prevents a step from being formed between the second blade surface 45 and the second spacer blade surface 54b. The second spacer blade surface 54b forms a part of the spacer blade surface 54 described above.

[0049] More specifically, the second blade surface 45 is formed from the crown abutment surface 41 to the second spacer abutment surface 42 of the second blade base material 46. In this way, the second blade portion 40 shown in FIG. 2 etc. is obtained from the second blade base material 46.

[0050] The second spacer wing surface 54b is formed from the second spacer abutment surface 42 of the spacer intermediate piece 56 to a midpoint 57. The excess machining pad 58 is removed. As a result, the spacer 50 is obtained from the spacer intermediate piece 56. During the cutting process, the second spacer wing surface 54b and the second wing surface 45 may be formed based on the first spacer wing surface 54a. As a result, the step between the first spacer wing surface 54a and the second spacer wing surface 54b can be eliminated or reduced.

[0051] When the second spacer blade surface 54b is formed in the second blade surface forming step, a spacer blade surface 54 composed of the first spacer blade surface 54a and the second spacer blade surface 54b is obtained, as shown in Fig. 9. The first spacer blade surface 54a is located on the side of the first spacer blade surface 51, and the second spacer blade surface 54b is located on the side of the second spacer blade surface 54b.

[0052] After the second blade surface forming step, the second blade portion 40 and the spacer 50 are separated as a second separation step. In this step, first, the second machining engagement bolt 81 is removed from the threaded portion 84 and pulled out from the second bolt hole 43 and the spacer bolt hole 53. Thereafter, the second blade portion 40 and the spacer 50 are separated.

[0053] After the second separation step, the first blade portion 30, the spacer 50, and the second blade portion 40 are fastened together in the assembly step. In this case, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , the first spacer surface 51 of the spacer 50 abuts against the first spacer abutment surface 32 of the first blade portion 30, and the second spacer surface 52 of the spacer 50 abuts against the second spacer abutment surface 42 of the second blade portion 40. The blade fitting portion 60 is fitted to the first blade portion 30, the spacer 50, and the second blade portion 40. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 , the threaded portion 64 of the blade fitting bolt 61 is inserted into the first bolt hole 33, the spacer bolt hole 53, and the second bolt hole 43 from the countersunk hole 34 of the first blade portion 30, and the head portion 63 is inserted into the countersunk hole 34. The threaded portion 64 is screwed into the threaded hole 44 of the second blade portion 40. 2, the first blade portion 30, the spacer 50, and the second blade portion 40 are fastened together by tightening the blade fitting bolt 61. The fitting body portion 62 of the blade fitting bolt 61 fits into the first bolt hole 33, the spacer bolt hole 53, and the second bolt hole 43.

[0054] In this manner, the runner vane 20 according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is obtained. By fitting the vane fitting portion 60 to the first vane portion 30, the spacer 50, and the second vane portion 40, misalignment between the first vane portion 30 and the spacer 50 can be suppressed, and the step between the first vane surface 35 and the spacer vane surface 54 (or the first spacer vane surface 54a) can be eliminated or reduced. Similarly, misalignment between the spacer 50 and the second vane portion 40 can be suppressed, and the step between the second vane surface 45 and the spacer vane surface 54 (or the second spacer vane surface 54b) can be eliminated or reduced. As a result, a smooth vane surface can be obtained overall for the runner vane 20.

[0055] The plurality of runner blades 20 thus obtained are attached to the crown 10 and the band 11 using bolts or the like (not shown), thereby obtaining the runner 5 shown in FIG.

[0056] As described above, according to this embodiment, the blade fitting portion 60 is fitted to the first blade portion 30, the spacer 50, and the second blade portion 40, which are supported by the band 11, and the crown 10. This allows the first blade portion 30 and the spacer 50 to be fastened together and then cut to form the first blade surface 35 and the first spacer blade surface 54a (part of the spacer blade surface 54). In this case, space can be secured when performing the cutting process to form the first blade surface 35 and the first spacer blade surface 54a. Furthermore, the spacer 50 can be separated from the first blade portion 30 and fastened to the second blade portion 40 and then cut to form the second spacer blade surface 54b (another part of the spacer blade surface 54) and the second blade surface 45. In this case, space can be secured when performing the cutting process to form the second spacer blade surface 54b and the second blade surface 45. Therefore, even if the runner 5 is relatively small, space for cutting can be secured, and the blade surfaces of the runner blades 20 can be easily fabricated.

[0057] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the blade fitting portion 60 is fitted to the first blade portion 30, the spacer 50, and the second blade portion 40. As a result, even if the first blade surface 35 and the first spacer blade surface 54a are formed and then the first blade portion 30 and the spacer 50 are separated and refastened, misalignment between the first blade portion 30 and the spacer 50 can be suppressed. This makes it possible to eliminate or reduce the step between the first blade surface 35 and the spacer blade surface 54 (or the first spacer blade surface 54a). Similarly, even if the second blade surface 45 and the second spacer blade surface 54b are formed and then the second blade portion 40 and the spacer 50 are separated and refastened, this makes it possible to eliminate or reduce the step between the second blade surface 45 and the spacer blade surface 54 (or the second spacer blade surface 54b). This makes it possible to suppress turbulence of the water flow near the runner blades 20, and to suppress obstruction of the water flow.

[0058] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the blade fitting portion 60 includes a blade fitting bolt 61 that fits into the first bolt hole 33 of the first blade portion 30, the spacer bolt hole 53 of the spacer 50, and the second bolt hole 43 of the second blade portion 40. This simplifies the configuration for preventing the first blade portion 30, the spacer 50, and the second blade portion 40 from becoming misaligned.

[0059] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, in the first blade surface forming process, the first blade surface 35 and the first spacer blade surface 54a are formed continuously. As a result, in the assembly process after the first blade surface forming process, the step between the first blade surface 35 and the first spacer blade surface 54a can be eliminated or reduced. Similarly, in the second blade surface forming process, the second blade surface 45 and the second spacer blade surface 54b are formed continuously. As a result, in the assembly process after the second blade surface forming process, the step between the second blade surface 45 and the second spacer blade surface 54b can be eliminated or reduced. This prevents turbulence in the flow of water near the runner blades 20.

[0060] In the above-described embodiment, an example has been described in which the first blade portion 30 includes the countersunk hole 34, and the blade fitting bolt 61 is inserted from the band abutment surface 31 into the first bolt hole 33 or the like. However, this embodiment is not limited to this. For example, the second blade portion 40 may include the countersunk hole. In this case, the countersunk hole may be formed in the crown abutment surface 41, and the screw hole may extend from the first bolt hole 33 toward the band abutment surface 31. Alternatively, the countersunk hole may be provided in the band 11. In this case, the head 63 of the blade fitting bolt 61 may abut against the band abutment surface 31 and be inserted into the countersunk hole formed in the band 11, rather than being located inside the first blade portion 30. As another example, the countersunk hole may be provided in the crown 10. In this case, the head 63 of the blade fitting bolt 61 may abut against the crown abutment surface 41 of the second blade portion 40 and be inserted into a countersunk hole formed inside the crown 10 .

[0061] Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, an example has been described in which the fitting bolt 61 includes the fitting body portion 62, the head portion 63, and the threaded portion 64. However, the configuration of the fitting bolt 61 is not limited to this. For example, the fitting bolt 61 may be configured so that the head portion 63 fits into a hole. In this case, the fitting body portion 62 does not have to fit into the first bolt hole 33 or the like. For example, the fitting bolt 61 may be a flat head bolt (or flat head screw). The head of the flat head bolt may be formed in a dish shape with an inclined surface, and the countersunk hole 34 may be formed as a countersunk hole.

[0062] Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, an example has been described in which the blade fitting portion 60 includes the blade fitting bolt 61. However, the configuration of the blade fitting portion 60 is arbitrary as long as it can be fitted to the first blade portion 30, the spacer 50, and the second blade portion 40.

[0063] For example, the blade fitting portion 60 may include a fitting pin (not shown). The fitting pin may be fitted into the first blade portion 30, the spacer 50, and the second blade portion 40. In this case, the first blade portion 30, the spacer 50, and the second blade portion 40 may be fastened together using a bolt (not shown). This bolt does not have to be fitted into the first blade portion 30, the spacer 50, and the second blade portion 40. In other words, the gap between the bolt body and the first bolt hole 33, the spacer bolt hole 53, and the second bolt hole 43 may be larger than the gap between the fitting body portion 62 of the blade fitting bolt 61 described above and each of the holes 33, 53, and 43.

[0064] Furthermore, for example, the blade fitting portion 60 may be composed of a convex portion and a concave portion (not shown). For example, a convex portion may be formed on the first spacer abutment surface 32 of the first blade portion 30, and a concave portion may be formed on the second spacer abutment surface 42 of the second blade portion 40. A hole (not shown) that fits into the convex portion may be formed in the spacer 50. The convex portion may pass through the hole in the spacer 50, protrude from the second spacer surface 52, and be inserted into and fitted into the concave portion of the second blade portion 40. The convex portion may be formed on the second spacer abutment surface 42 of the second blade portion 40, and the concave portion may be formed on the first spacer abutment surface 32 of the first blade portion 30. Alternatively, a convex portion may be formed on each of the first spacer surface 51 and the second spacer surface 52 of the spacer 50, and a concave portion may be formed on each of the first spacer abutment surface 32 and the second spacer abutment surface 42. The combination and configuration of the convex portion and the concave portion are arbitrary. The planar shapes of the convex and concave portions may be any shape, such as circular, elliptical, rectangular, triangular, or hexagonal. When a shape other than circular is used, the combination of a convex and a concave portion may be a single set. Even when such convex and concave portions are used, the first blade portion 30, the spacer 50, and the second blade portion 40 may be fastened together using bolts (not shown) as described above.

[0065] (Second embodiment) Next, referring to Figures 10 to 15, a turbomachine rotary impeller blade, a turbomachine rotary impeller, a method for manufacturing a turbomachine rotary impeller blade, and a turbomachine rotary impeller manufacturing method will be described.

[0066] The second embodiment shown in Figures 10 to 15 is different mainly in that the first blade portion of the runner blade is configured as a common member with the band, and the second blade portion is configured as a common member with the crown, and other configurations are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 9. In Figures 10 to 15, the same parts as those of the first embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 9 are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0067] As shown in Fig. 10, the first blade portion 30 of the runner blade 20 according to this embodiment is configured as a common member continuous with the band 11. That is, a plurality of first blade portions 30 are integrated with the band 11. The band 11 with the integrated first blade portions 30 will be referred to as the runner lower half member 16 in the following description. In other words, the runner lower half member 16 includes the band 11 and a plurality of first blade portions 30.

[0068] The first spacer abutment surface 32 of the first blade portion 30 according to this embodiment is formed as a curved surface. The first spacer abutment surface 32 may be formed, for example, along an arc centered on the rotation axis C. The first bolt hole 33 of the first blade portion 30 extends from the first spacer abutment surface 32 into the inside of the band 11. The counterbore hole 34 is formed in the outer surface of the band 11 and communicates with the first bolt hole 33. No counterbore hole is formed in the first blade portion 30.

[0069] A fillet 38 is formed at the root portion of the first wing portion 30. The root portion of the first wing portion 30 corresponds to the end portion connected to the band 11.

[0070] The second wing portions 40 are configured as a common member continuous with the crown 10. In other words, a plurality of second wing portions 40 are integrated with the crown 10. The crown 10 with the integrated second wing portions 40 will be referred to as the runner upper half member 15 in the following description. In other words, the runner upper half member 15 includes the crown 10 and a plurality of second wing portions 40.

[0071] The second spacer abutment surface 42 of the second blade portion 40 according to this embodiment is formed as a curved surface. The second spacer abutment surface 42 may be formed, for example, along an arc centered on the rotation axis C. The screw hole 44 of the second blade portion 40 may be located inside the second blade portion 40, as shown in FIG.

[0072] A fillet 48 is formed at the root portion of the second wing portion 40. The root portion of the second wing portion 40 corresponds to the end portion connected to the crown 10.

[0073] The first spacer surface 51 and the second spacer surface 52 of the spacer 50 are formed as curved surfaces. The first spacer surface 51 and the second spacer surface 52 may be formed, for example, so as to follow an arc centered on the rotation axis C.

[0074] Next, a method for manufacturing the runner 5 according to this embodiment having the above-described configuration will be described.

[0075] First, in a preparation step, there are prepared a runner lower half base material 37, a runner upper half base material 47, and a spacer base material 55. The runner lower half base material 37 is an example of a first impeller base material, and the runner upper half base material 47 is an example of a second impeller base material.

[0076] As shown in FIG. 11 , the runner lower-half base material 37 is a base material for forming the above-described runner lower-half member 16. The runner lower-half base material 37 includes the first spacer abutment surfaces 32. In other words, the runner lower-half base material 37 has a plurality of first spacer abutment surfaces 32 formed in advance. The outer surface of the band 11 may be formed in advance on the runner lower-half base material 37, but the timing for forming the outer surface of the band 11 is arbitrary. For example, the outer surface of the band 11 may be formed after the first blade surface 35, the second blade surface 45, and the spacer blade surface 54 are formed. The runner lower-half base material 37 may be formed in a generally circular ring shape with a central portion protruding downward. Such a runner lower-half base material 37 may be produced, for example, by lathe processing.

[0077] As shown in FIG. 11 , the runner upper-half base material 47 is a base material for forming the runner upper-half member 15 described above. The runner upper-half base material 47 includes a second spacer abutment surface 42 that abuts against the spacer base material 55. In other words, the runner upper-half base material 47 has a plurality of second spacer abutment surfaces 42 formed in advance. The outer surface of the crown 10 may be formed in advance on the runner upper-half base material 47, but the timing for forming the outer surface of the crown 10 is arbitrary. For example, the outer surface of the crown 10 may be formed after the first wing surface 35, the second wing surface 45, and the spacer wing surface 54 are formed. The runner upper-half base material 47 may be formed in a generally circular plate shape, with a runner cone protruding toward the band formed in the center. Such a runner upper-half base material 47 may be manufactured, for example, by lathe processing.

[0078] The spacer base material 55 is a base material for forming the spacers 50. The spacer base material 55 includes a first spacer surface 51 and a second spacer surface 52. In other words, a plurality of first spacer surfaces 51 and a plurality of second spacer surfaces 52 are formed in advance on the spacer base material 55. Such a spacer base material 55 may be produced by, for example, lathe processing.

[0079] After the preparation process, holes are formed in the runner lower-half base material 37, the spacer base material 55, and the runner upper-half base material 47 as a bolt hole forming process. In this case, as shown in FIG. 11 , first, the first spacer surface 51 of the spacer base material 55 abuts against the first spacer abutment surface 32 of the runner lower-half base material 37, and the second spacer abutment surface 42 of the runner upper-half base material 47 abuts against the second spacer surface 52 of the spacer base material 55. Next, each hole may be formed by feeding a tool from the outer surface of the band 11. More specifically, pilot holes for the bolt holes 33, 53, and 43 are formed, and a threaded hole 44 is formed in the runner upper-half base material 47. Next, the first bolt hole 33, the spacer bolt hole 53, and the second bolt hole 43 are formed so as to enlarge the diameter of the pilot holes. Thereafter, the counterbore hole 34 is formed in the outer surface of the band 11.

[0080] After the bolt hole forming process, the runner lower-half base material 37 and the spacer base material 55 are fastened together in the first fastening process. In this case, as shown in FIG. 12 , the first spacer surface 51 of the spacer base material 55 abuts against the first spacer abutment surface 32 of the runner lower-half base material 37, and the first machining engagement portion 70 is engaged with the runner lower-half base material 37 and the spacer base material 55. The threaded portion 74 of the first machining engagement bolt 71 is inserted into the first bolt hole 33 and the spacer bolt hole 53 from the counterbore hole 34, and the head 73 is inserted into the counterbore hole 34. A portion of the threaded portion 74 protrudes from the second spacer surface 52 and is threadedly engaged with a nut 75 (see FIG. 6 ) abutting against the second spacer surface 52. The runner lower-half base material 37 and the spacer base material 55 are fastened together by tightening the first machining engagement bolt 71 and the nut 75. The first fitting body portion 72 of the first working fitting bolt 71 fits into the first bolt hole 33 and the spacer bolt hole 53 .

[0081] After the first fastening step, a first blade surface forming step is performed in which the runner lower half base material 37 and the spacer base material 55 are machined. In this case, a plurality of first blade portions 30 including the first blade surfaces 35 are formed from the runner lower half base material 37, and a plurality of spacer intermediate members 56 including the first spacer blade surfaces 54a are formed from the spacer base material 55. The first blade surfaces 35 and the first spacer blade surfaces 54a are formed continuously, which can prevent a step from being formed between the first blade surfaces 35 and the first spacer blade surfaces 54a.

[0082] More specifically, a plurality of first blade portions 30, each including a first blade surface 35, are formed on a runner lower half base material 37, and the runner lower half component 16 shown in Fig. 10 is obtained from the runner lower half base material 37. The runner lower half component 16 includes a band 11 and a plurality of first blade portions 30, which are configured as a common component. At this time, a fillet 38 is formed at the root portion of each first blade portion 30.

[0083] A first spacer blade surface 54a is formed from the first spacer surface 51 of the spacer base material 55 to an intermediate position 57. As a result, a spacer intermediate part 56 is obtained from the spacer base material 55. A processing excess pad portion 58 is left in the range of the spacer intermediate part 56 from the intermediate position 57 to the second spacer surface 52. In this embodiment, the processing excess pad portion 58 may be a portion that is processed to an extent that a processing allowance for forming the second spacer blade surface 54b is ensured. A plurality of spacer intermediate parts 56 may be obtained from the spacer base material 55. In this case, the spacer intermediate parts 56 may be divided into individual pieces corresponding to the individual spacers 50. This makes it possible to ensure space for cutting in the first blade surface forming step.

[0084] After the first blade surface forming process, in the first separation process, the runner lower half base material 37 and the spacer intermediate member 56 are separated. In this process, first, the first processing engagement bolt 71 and the nut 75 are removed, and the first processing engagement bolt 71 is pulled out from the first bolt hole 33 and the spacer bolt hole 53. Thereafter, the runner lower half base material 37 and the spacer intermediate member 56 are separated.

[0085] After the first separation step, the runner upper half base material 47 and the spacer intermediate part 56 are fastened together in the second fastening step. In this case, as shown in FIG. 13 , the second spacer surface 52 of the spacer intermediate part 56 abuts against the second spacer abutment surface 42 of the runner upper half base material 47, and the second processing engagement part 80 is engaged with the runner upper half base material 47 and the spacer intermediate part 56. The threaded part 84 of the second processing engagement bolt 81 is inserted into the spacer bolt hole 53 and the second bolt hole 43 from the first spacer surface 51, and the head part 83 abuts against the first spacer surface 51. The threaded part 84 is screwed into the screw hole 44 of the runner upper half base material 47. The runner upper half base material 47 and the spacer intermediate part 56 are fastened together by tightening the second processing engagement bolt 81. The second fitting body portion 82 of the second processing fitting bolt 81 fits into the second bolt hole 43 and the spacer bolt hole 53. The spacer intermediate members 56 may be arranged in the same circumferential arrangement as in the first blade surface forming step.

[0086] After the second fastening step, in the second blade surface forming step, the runner upper half base material 47 and the spacer intermediate member 56 are machined. In this case, the second blade portion 40 including the second blade surface 45 is formed from the runner upper half base material 47, and the spacer 50 including the second spacer blade surface 54b is formed from the spacer intermediate member 56. The second blade surface 45 and the second spacer blade surface 54b are formed continuously, which can prevent a step from being formed between the second blade surface 45 and the second spacer blade surface 54b.

[0087] More specifically, by forming the second blade surface 45 on the runner upper half base material 47, the runner upper half component 15 shown in FIG. 10 is obtained from the runner upper half base material 47. The runner upper half component 15 includes the crown 10 and a plurality of second blade portions 40 configured as a common component. At this time, a fillet 48 is formed at the root portion of the second blade portion 40.

[0088] A second spacer wing surface 54b is formed from the second spacer surface 52 of the spacer intermediate piece 56 to a midpoint 57. The excess machining pad 58 is removed. As a result, the spacer 50 is obtained from the spacer intermediate piece 56. By forming the second spacer wing surface 54b and the second wing surface 45 based on the first spacer wing surface 54a during cutting, it is possible to eliminate or reduce the step between the first spacer wing surface 54a and the second spacer wing surface 54b.

[0089] After the second blade surface forming process, the runner upper half component 15 and the spacer 50 are separated in a second separation process. In this process, first, the second machining engagement bolt 81 is removed from the threaded portion 84 and pulled out from the second bolt hole 43 and the spacer bolt hole 53. Thereafter, the runner upper half component 15 and the spacer 50 are separated.

[0090] After the second separation step, the runner lower half member 16, the spacer 50, and the runner upper half member 15 are fastened together in the assembly step. In this case, the first spacer surface 51 of the spacer 50 abuts against the second spacer abutment surface 42 of the runner lower half member 16, and the second spacer surface 52 of the spacer 50 abuts against the second spacer abutment surface 42 of the runner upper half member 15. The blade fitting portion 60 is fitted to the runner upper half member 15, the spacer 50, and the runner lower half member 16. The threaded portion 84 of the blade fitting bolt 61 is inserted into the first bolt hole 33, the spacer bolt hole 53, and the second bolt hole 43 from the counterbore hole 34 formed in the outer surface of the band 11, and the head 63 is inserted into the counterbore hole 34. The threaded portion 64 is screwed into the threaded hole 44 of the runner upper half member 15. 15, the runner lower half member 16, the spacer 50, and the runner upper half member 15 are fastened together by tightening the blade fitting bolts 61. The spacer 50 may be arranged on the same first spacer abutment surface 32 as the first spacer abutment surface 32 arranged in the first blade surface forming step, and may also be arranged on the same second spacer abutment surface 42 as the second spacer abutment surface 42 arranged in the second blade surface forming step.

[0091] In this way, the runner 5 according to this embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 and 15 is obtained.

[0092] As described above, according to this embodiment, the blade fitting portion 60 is fitted to the first blade portion 30 and the spacer 50, which are configured as common members with the band 11, and the second blade portion 40, which is configured as a common member with the crown 10. This allows the first blade portion 30 and the spacer 50 to be fastened together and then cut to form the first blade surface 35 and the first spacer blade surface 54a (part of the spacer blade surface 54). In this case, space can be secured when performing the cutting process to form the first blade surface 35 and the first spacer blade surface 54a. Furthermore, the spacer 50 can be separated from the first blade portion 30 and fastened to the second blade portion 40 and then cut to form the second spacer blade surface 54b (another part of the spacer blade surface 54) and the second blade surface 45. In this case, space can be secured when performing the cutting process to form the second spacer blade surface 54b and the second blade surface 45. Therefore, even if the runner 5 is relatively small, space for cutting can be secured, and space for cutting can be secured, making it easy to manufacture the blade surface of the runner blade 20.

[0093] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the blade fitting portion 60 is fitted to the first blade portion 30, the spacer 50, and the second blade portion 40. As a result, even if the first blade surface 35 and the first spacer blade surface 54a are formed and then the first blade portion 30 and the spacer 50 are separated and refastened, misalignment between the first blade portion 30 and the spacer 50 can be suppressed. This makes it possible to eliminate or reduce the step between the first blade surface 35 and the spacer blade surface 54 (or the first spacer blade surface 54a). Similarly, even if the second blade surface 45 and the second spacer blade surface 54b are formed and then the second blade portion 40 and the spacer 50 are separated and refastened, this makes it possible to eliminate or reduce the step between the second blade surface 45 and the spacer blade surface 54 (or the second spacer blade surface 54b). This makes it possible to suppress turbulence of the water flow near the runner blades 20, and to suppress obstruction of the water flow.

[0094] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the first blade portion 30 of the runner blade 20 is configured as a common member continuous with the band 11, and the second blade portion 40 of the runner blade 20 is configured as a common member continuous with the crown 10. This simplifies the assembly of the runner 5. Also, a fillet 38 can be formed at the root portion of the first blade portion 30. This makes it possible to suppress stress concentration and control the behavior of water flow. Similarly, a fillet 48 can be formed at the root portion of the second blade portion 40. This makes it possible to suppress stress concentration and control the behavior of water flow.

[0095] In the above-described embodiment, an example has been described in which the countersunk hole 34 is formed in the outer surface of the band 11. However, this is not limited to this, and the countersunk hole 34 may be formed in the outer surface of the crown 10. In this case, the second bolt hole 43 of the second blade portion 40 may extend from the second spacer abutment surface 42 into the interior of the crown 10. The countersunk hole 34 communicates with the second bolt hole 43. The screw hole may extend from the first bolt hole 33 toward the band abutment surface 31.

[0096] According to the embodiment described above, the device can be easily manufactured and the obstruction of the flow of water can be suppressed.

[0097] Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be embodied in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included within the scope and spirit of the invention, as well as within the scope of the invention and its equivalents as set forth in the claims. Furthermore, it is of course possible to combine parts of these embodiments as appropriate within the spirit of the invention.

[0098] For example, in the above-described embodiment, a Francis turbine is used as an example of a hydraulic machine, which is an example of a turbomachine. However, the hydraulic machine is not limited to a Francis turbine and can be any hydraulic machine. Furthermore, although a hydraulic machine is used as an example of a turbomachine, the above-described embodiment can also be applied to turbomachines other than hydraulic machines, such as pumps. [Explanation of symbols]

[0099] 1: Francis turbine, 5: runner, 10: crown, 11: band, 15: runner upper half member, 16: runner lower half member, 20: runner blade, 30: first blade portion, 32: first spacer abutment surface, 33: first bolt hole, 35: first blade surface, 36: first blade base material, 37: runner lower half base material, 40: second blade portion, 42: second spacer abutment surface, 43: second bolt hole, 45: second blade surface, 46: second blade base material, 47: runner top Semi-base material, 50: spacer, 51: first spacer surface, 52: second spacer surface, 53: spacer bolt hole, 54: spacer blade surface, 54a: first spacer blade surface, 54b: second spacer blade surface, 55: spacer base material, 56: spacer intermediate member, 57: mid-way position, 60: blade fitting portion, 61: blade fitting bolt, 70: first processing fitting portion, 71: first processing fitting bolt, 80: second processing fitting portion, 81: second processing fitting bolt

Claims

1. 1. A method for manufacturing a blade provided between a first rotary support and a second rotary support of a rotary impeller of a turbomachine, comprising: a step of fastening the first blade base material and the spacer base material by bringing a first spacer surface of a spacer base material into contact with a first blade base material, and fitting a first processing fitting portion into the first blade base material and the spacer base material; a step of cutting the first blade base material and the spacer base material, forming a first blade portion including a first blade surface from the first blade base material, and forming a spacer intermediate member including a first spacer blade surface from the spacer base material; separating the first wing portion and the spacer intermediate member; a step of fastening the second blade base material to the spacer intermediate member by bringing a second spacer surface of the spacer intermediate member opposite to the first spacer surface into contact with the second blade base material, and fitting a second processing fitting portion into the second blade base material and the spacer intermediate member; a step of cutting the second blade base material and the spacer intermediate member, forming a second blade portion including a second blade surface from the second blade base material, and forming a spacer including the second spacer blade surface from the spacer intermediate member; separating the second wing portion and the spacer; and a step of fastening the first blade portion, the spacer, and the second blade portion, wherein a blade fitting portion is fitted to the first blade portion, the spacer, and the second blade portion to form a blade from the first blade portion, the spacer, and the second blade portion.

2. the first blade base material includes a first bolt hole; the second blade base material includes a second bolt hole; the spacer base material includes a spacer bolt hole; the first processing-use fitting portion includes a first processing-use fitting bolt that fits into the first bolt hole and the spacer bolt hole, the second processing-use fitting portion includes a second processing-use fitting bolt that fits into the second bolt hole and the spacer bolt hole, The method for manufacturing a rotary impeller blade of a turbomachine according to claim 1 , wherein the blade fitting portion includes a blade fitting bolt that fits into the first bolt hole, the spacer bolt hole, and the second bolt hole.

3. In the step of cutting the first blade base material and the spacer base material, the first blade surface and the first spacer blade surface are formed continuously, 3. The method for manufacturing a rotary impeller blade of a turbomachine according to claim 1, wherein in the step of cutting the second blade base material and the spacer intermediate member, the second blade surface and the second spacer blade surface are formed continuously.

4. A method for manufacturing a rotary impeller of a turbomachine including a first rotary support, a second rotary support, and a blade provided between the first rotary support and the second rotary support, the method comprising: a step of fastening the first impeller base material and the spacer base material by bringing a first spacer surface of a spacer base material into contact with a first impeller base material, and fitting a first processing fitting portion into the first impeller base material and the spacer base material; a step of cutting the first impeller base material and the spacer base material, forming the first rotary support body and a plurality of first blade portions including first blade surfaces from the first impeller base material, and forming a plurality of spacer intermediate members including first spacer blade surfaces from the spacer base material; separating the first wing portion and the spacer intermediate member; a step of fastening the second impeller base material and the spacer intermediate member by bringing a second spacer surface of the spacer intermediate member opposite to the first spacer surface into contact with a second impeller base material, and fitting a second processing fitting portion into the second impeller base material and the spacer intermediate member; a step of cutting the second impeller base material and the spacer intermediate member, forming the second rotary support and a plurality of second blade portions including second blade surfaces from the second impeller base material, and forming a spacer including second spacer blade surfaces from the spacer intermediate member; separating the second wing portion and the spacer; and a step of fastening the first blade portion, the spacer, and the second blade portion, wherein a blade fitting portion is fitted to the first blade portion, the spacer, and the second blade portion to form a blade from the first blade portion, the spacer, and the second blade portion.

5. the first impeller base member includes a first bolt hole; the second impeller base member includes a second bolt hole; the spacer base material includes a spacer bolt hole; the first processing-use fitting portion includes a first processing-use fitting bolt that fits into the first bolt hole and the spacer bolt hole, the second processing-use fitting portion includes a second processing-use fitting bolt that fits into the second bolt hole and the spacer bolt hole, The method for manufacturing a rotary impeller of a turbomachine according to claim 4 , wherein the blade fitting portion includes a blade fitting bolt that fits into the first bolt hole, the spacer bolt hole, and the second bolt hole.

6. In the step of cutting the first impeller base material and the spacer base material, the first blade surface and the first spacer blade surface are formed continuously, 6. The method for manufacturing a rotary impeller of a turbomachine according to claim 4, wherein in the step of cutting the second impeller base material and the spacer intermediate member, the second blade surface and the second spacer blade surface are formed continuously.

7. 6. The method for manufacturing a rotary impeller of a turbomachine according to claim 4, wherein the blades are arranged in a circumferential direction around a rotation axis of the rotary impeller.

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