Surgical instruments

Abstract

Provided is a surgical instrument that achieves a reduction in wobble of a gripping part thereof. A surgical instrument 100 for gripping an object comprises a body 10 extending in one direction, a gripping part 20 capable of gripping an object provided at a distal end portion 10a of the body 10, a contact part 40 provided at a base end portion 10b of the body 10, an opening / closing mechanism 30 for opening / closing the gripping part 20, and a support part 50 (a first support part 51 and a second support part 52) extending in one direction, and is characterized in that the body 10 and the support part 50 are connected and fixed so as to intersect each other in a substantially cross shape. This configuration makes it possible to prevent or reduce wobble of the gripping part 20 even if the wrist of a hand holding the surgical instrument 100 rotates, as compared with a pliers-shaped or scissors-shaped surgical instrument.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a surgical instrument for clamping an object during a surgical operation, and more particularly to a surgical instrument suitable as a needle holder for clamping a needle and suturing or ligating. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventional surgical instruments for holding objects include pliers and scissors. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a pliers-type needle holder, and Patent Documents 2 and 3 disclose a scissors-type medical instrument and surgical forceps, respectively.

[0003] The surgical instruments described in Patent Documents 1-3 have a clamping portion and a gripping portion rotatably connected, and are configured so that when a user grips the gripping portion, the clamping portion closes to clamp an object, and when the user releases the gripping portion, the clamping portion opens to release the clamped object. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Special Publication No. 06-057217 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 3639632 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 08-038492 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, when the surgical instruments described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 are held, the longitudinal direction of the surgical instrument intersects with the longitudinal direction of the forearm of the hand holding the surgical instrument, so the clamping portion of the surgical instrument is positioned away from the axis extending along the longitudinal direction of the forearm. Therefore, when the wrist of the hand holding the surgical instrument rotates, the clamping portion of the surgical instrument easily swings, which makes it difficult to operate the surgical instrument, such as by pinching a needle in the clamping portion of the surgical instrument to suture or ligate while viewing an endoscopic image.

[0006] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a surgical instrument that can improve operability by making the clamping portion of the surgical instrument less likely to vibrate. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the surgical instrument of the present invention is a surgical instrument for clamping an object, and is characterized in that it has a main body that extends in one direction, a clamping portion that is provided at the tip of the main body and can clamp an object, a contact portion that is provided at the base end of the main body, an opening / closing mechanism that opens and closes the clamping portion, and a support portion that extends in one direction, and the main body and the support portion are connected and fixed so as to intersect in an approximately cross shape.

[0008] According to this invention, a surgical instrument for clamping an object comprises a main body extending in one direction, a clamping portion provided at the tip of the main body and capable of clamping an object, a contact portion provided at the base end of the main body, an opening / closing mechanism for opening and closing the clamping portion, and a support portion extending in one direction, wherein the main body and the support portion are connected and fixed so as to intersect in a substantially cross shape, so that when the contact portion is placed on the palm of the hand and the fingers are hooked on the support portion to grasp the surgical instrument, the longitudinal direction of the surgical instrument becomes parallel to or approaches parallel to the longitudinal direction of the forearm of the hand grasping the surgical instrument, and the clamping portion is positioned on or approaches an axis extending along the longitudinal direction of the forearm. Therefore, compared to pliers- or scissors-shaped surgical instruments, vibration of the clamping portion can be prevented or reduced even if the wrist of the hand grasping the surgical instrument rotates around the axis.

[0009] In the present invention, it is preferable that the opening and closing mechanism has an operating unit connected to the main body, rotates about an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the main body, and reciprocates between the distal end and the proximal end in the longitudinal direction of the main body. According to this invention, the opening and closing mechanism has an operating unit connected to the main body, rotates about an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the main body, and reciprocates between the distal end and the proximal end in the longitudinal direction of the main body, thereby making it possible to suppress vibration of the clamping part caused by the reciprocating movement of the operating unit compared to when the operating unit reciprocates in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the main body.

[0010] In the present invention, it is preferable that the opening and closing mechanism opens the clamping portions when the operating unit is rotated toward the distal end of the main body and closes the clamping portions when the operating unit is rotated toward the proximal end of the main body. According to this invention, the opening and closing mechanism opens the clamping portions when the operating unit is rotated toward the distal end of the main body and closes the clamping portions when the operating unit is rotated toward the proximal end of the main body, so that when the fingers are bent while gripping a surgical instrument and the operating unit is rotated toward the proximal end of the main body, the clamping portions close, making it easier to maintain the clamping portions in a closed state than when the clamping portions close when the fingers are straightened and the operating unit is rotated toward the distal end of the main body.

[0011] In the present invention, it is preferable that the opening and closing mechanism further includes a locking mechanism configured to hold the clamping unit in a closed state and release the hold. According to this invention, the opening and closing mechanism further includes a locking mechanism configured to hold the clamping unit in a closed state and release the hold, so that the clamping unit can be held in a closed state without continuously applying force to the opening and closing mechanism.

[0012] In the present invention, it is preferable that the locking mechanism holds the operating part of the opening / closing mechanism in a state where it is rotated toward the base end of the main body, or releases that holding. According to this invention, the locking mechanism can hold the operating part of the opening / closing function in a state where it is rotated toward the base end of the main body, or releases that holding, thereby holding the clamping part in a closed state without continuing to apply force to the operating part.

[0013] In the present invention, it is preferable that the support portion is composed of two parts, a first support part and a second support part, and the first support part and the second support part are arranged at a distance in the longitudinal direction of the main body. According to this invention, the support portion is composed of two parts, a first support part and a second support part, and the first support part and the second support part are arranged at a distance in the longitudinal direction of the main body, thereby increasing the number of points that can be supported by the hand compared to when the support part is composed of a single part, and thereby making it possible to stably grasp the surgical instrument.

[0014] In the present invention, it is preferable that the surgical instrument further has a connecting portion, and is configured so that the connecting portion and the abutment portion can be sequentially connected to the base end of the main body, or the abutment portion can be directly connected to the base end of the main body without using the connecting portion.

[0015] According to this invention, the surgical instrument further includes a connecting portion, and is configured so that the connecting portion and the abutment portion can be sequentially connected to the proximal end of the main body, or the abutment portion can be directly connected to the proximal end of the main body without using the connecting portion, thereby enabling the longitudinal length of the surgical instrument to be adjusted. Here, the connection between the proximal end of the main body and the connecting portion, the connection between the connecting portion and the abutment portion, and the connection between the proximal end of the main body and the abutment portion may each be a screw connection.

[0016] In the present invention, it is preferable that the main body and the abutment portion are integrally formed, which prevents the abutment portion from coming off the main body and falling into the patient's body during surgery. [Effects of the Invention]

[0017] As described above, the present invention can provide the excellent effect of making it possible to make the clamping portion of the surgical instrument less likely to vibrate. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a front view of a surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a rear view of the surgical instrument of the present embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a right side view of the surgical instrument of the present embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a left side view of the surgical instrument of the present embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the surgical instrument of the present embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the surgical instrument of the present embodiment in an open state. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] 1A is a schematic front view showing an open state of the opening / closing mechanism of the present embodiment, and FIG. 1B is a schematic front view showing a closed state of the opening / closing mechanism. [Figure 11] 1A is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the surgical instrument of this embodiment is gripped, and FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the wrist is rotated while gripping the surgical instrument. [Figure 12] 1A is a schematic diagram showing an operation of closing the clamping portions of the surgical instrument of the present embodiment, and FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram showing an operation of opening the clamping portions of the surgical instrument. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] The surgical instrument of this embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail below. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a surgical instrument of this embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of the surgical instrument. FIG. 3 is a rear view of the surgical instrument. FIG. 4 is a right side view of the surgical instrument. FIG. 5 is a left side view of the surgical instrument. FIG. 6 is a plan view of the surgical instrument. FIG. 7 is a bottom view of the surgical instrument. FIGS. 1 to 7 show the surgical instrument in a closed state. FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view showing the surgical instrument in an open state. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, the surgical instrument 100 is made of a metal that is corrosion-resistant and rust-resistant, such as stainless steel, or biocompatible, such as a titanium alloy. The surgical instrument 100 has a main body 10, a clamping portion 20, an opening / closing mechanism 30, a contact portion 40, and a support portion 50.

[0020] In Figures 1 to 10, the direction indicated by the arrow Up is the upper side (the upper left side of the page in Figures 1 and 8-9, the left side of the page in Figures 2-3 and 10, the upper side of the page in Figures 4-5, the front side of the page in Figure 6, and the back side of the page in Figure 7). The direction indicated by the arrow Dw is the lower side (the lower right side of the page in Figures 1 and 8-9, the right side of the page in Figures 2-3 and 10, the lower side of the page in Figures 4-5, the back side of the page in Figure 6, and the front side of the page in Figure 7). The direction indicated by the arrow Tp is the tip side (the lower side of the page in Figures 1-2 and 6-10, the upper side of the page in Figure 3, the back side of the page in Figure 4, and the front side of the page in Figure 5). The direction indicated by the arrow Pr is the base end side (the upper side of the page in Figures 1-2 and 6-10, the lower side of the page in Figure 3, the front side of the page in Figure 4, and the back side of the page in Figure 5). The direction indicated by the arrow Fr is the front side (the upper right of the page in Figures 1 and 8-9, the front side of the page in Figure 2, the back side of the page in Figure 3, the left side of the page in Figures 4 and 7, and the right side of the page in Figures 5-6). The direction indicated by the arrow Bk is the back side (the lower left of the page in Figures 1 and 8-9, the back side of the page in Figure 2, the front side of the page in Figure 3, the right side of the page in Figures 4 and 7, and the left side of the page in Figures 5-6). The directions indicated by the arrows Up and Dw are the up-down directions. The direction indicated by the arrows Tp and Pr is the longitudinal direction. The direction indicated by the arrows Fr and Bk is the width direction. This longitudinal direction is the longitudinal direction of the surgical instrument 100, and the up-down direction and width direction are directions perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. These directions indicate relative positional relationships, and do not indicate absolute positional relationships with respect to the direction of gravity.

[0021] The main body 10 of the surgical instrument 100 extends in one direction. A clamping section 20 is provided at one end of the main body 10. The clamping section 20 is configured to be openable and closable by an opening / closing mechanism 30, allowing the clamping and unclamping of an object. A contact section 40 is provided at the other end of the main body 10. A support section 50 is connected to the main body 10 so as to intersect with the longitudinal direction of the main body 10. This gives the surgical instrument 100 a generally cross-shaped configuration, allowing the surgical instrument 100 to be grasped by placing the contact section 40 on the palm of the hand and hooking the fingers around the support section 50.

[0022] FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the surgical instrument of this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 9, more specifically, the main body 10 of the surgical instrument 100 is a rod-shaped member extending in the longitudinal direction indicated by the arrows Tp and Pr. A clamping unit 20 is provided at the end of the main body 10 on the distal side indicated by the arrow Tp. The clamping unit 20 is composed of a distal end 10a of the main body 10 and a rotating piece 21. The rotating piece 21 is rotatably connected to the distal end 10a of the main body 10 by a pin P1. The pin P1 is cylindrical and is located on the proximal end side of the rotating piece 21 indicated by the arrow Pr. The distal end portion of the rotating piece 21 is attached to and detached from the distal end 10a of the main body 10 by rotation of the rotating piece 21. In other words, the clamping unit 20 opens and closes by rotation of the rotating piece 21. In the illustrated example, this pin P1 extends in the width direction indicated by the arrows Fr and Bk, and the rotating piece 21 is rotatable around an axis extending in the width direction. The rotating piece 21 and the tip 10a of the main body 10 are tapered toward the tip, and the clamping portion 20 is also tapered toward the tip. Therefore, the clamping portion 20 is capable of clamping minute objects such as needles.

[0023] Next, the opening / closing mechanism 30 includes an operating unit 31, a shaft 32, and a joint 33. The operating unit 31 is T-shaped, with a semi-cylindrical finger rest 31b connected and fixed perpendicular to one end of an arm 31a extending in one direction. The other end of the arm 31a forms the tip of the operating unit 31 and is rotatably connected to the middle of the main body 10 by a pin P2. The pin P2 is cylindrical and extends perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the main body 10. Therefore, the operating unit 31 is connected to the main body 10 and is configured to rotate about an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the main body 10, and to move back and forth between the tip end and the base end in the longitudinal direction of the main body 10. In the illustrated example, the pin P2 extends in the width direction, the operating unit 31 extends diagonally upward from the main body 10 toward the base end, and the finger rest 31b is disposed above the main body 10, as indicated by the arrow Up, with a gap therebetween, and the operating unit 31 is configured to be rotatable about the axis in the width direction. The finger rest 31b of the operating unit 31 is configured to reciprocate between the distal end and the proximal end in the longitudinal direction of the main body 10. In this case, a non-slip surface is formed on the arc-shaped curved outer periphery of the finger rest 31b to improve the operability of the operating unit 31. For example, this non-slip surface is made up of a number of projections and recesses.

[0024] The shaft 32 is a rod-shaped member that extends in one direction. The shaft 32 is housed in the main body 10 from below, as indicated by the arrow Dw, in the middle portion of the main body 10. Therefore, the shaft 32 extends in the longitudinal direction, just like the main body 10. The joint 33 is housed in the main body 10 from above. In this state, the joint 33, the shaft 32, and the operating unit 31 are sequentially arranged in a line in the longitudinal direction from the distal end to the proximal end. The joint 33 and the shaft 32 are rotatably connected by a pin P3. The shaft 32 and the operating unit 31 are rotatably connected by a pin P4. The pins P3 and P4 are cylindrical and extend in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the main body 10. In the illustrated example, the pins P3 and P4 extend in the width direction. Therefore, the joint 33, the shaft 32, and the operating unit 31 are each rotatable around an axis that extends in the width direction.

[0025] The rotating piece 21 of the clamping unit 20 is disposed adjacent to the tip side of the joint 33 of this opening / closing mechanism 30, and the joint 33 and the rotating piece 21 are rotatably connected by a pin P5. In other words, the clamping unit 20 and the opening / closing mechanism 30 are rotatably connected by the pin P5. This pin P5 is cylindrical and extends in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the main body 10. In the illustrated example, the pin P5 extends in the width direction. Therefore, the rotating piece 21 and the joint 33 are rotatable around an axis extending in the width direction.

[0026] FIG. 10(a) is a schematic front view showing the opening / closing mechanism of this embodiment in an open state. FIG. 10(b) is a schematic front view showing the opening / closing mechanism in a closed state. As shown in FIGS. 10(a) and 10(b), pin P4 connecting the operating unit 31 and the shaft 32 is located below pin 2 connecting the operating unit 31 and the main body 10. When the operating unit 31 rotates, pin P4 rotates about the axis of pin P2, causing the shaft 32 to reciprocate in the longitudinal direction. Similarly, pin P5 connecting the rotating piece 21 and the joint 33 is located above pin P1 connecting the rotating piece 21 and the main body 10. The joint 33 and the shaft 32 are connected by pin P3. When the shaft 32 reciprocates, the joint 33 reciprocates in the longitudinal direction, causing the rotating piece 21 to rotate about the axis of pin P1, thereby opening and closing the clamping unit 20.

[0027] 10(a), when the operating unit 31 of the opening / closing mechanism 30 rotates toward the distal end, the shaft 32 moves toward the proximal end, the joint 33 moves toward the proximal end, the rotating piece 21 rotates upward, and the clamping unit 20 opens. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10(b), when the operating unit 31 of the opening / closing mechanism 30 rotates toward the proximal end, the shaft 32 moves toward the distal end, the joint 33 moves toward the distal end, the rotating piece 21 rotates downward, and the clamping unit 20 closes. In other words, the clamping unit 20 opens and closes due to the reciprocating movement of the operating unit 31 between the distal end and the proximal end.

[0028] 9, in this state, pins P3 and P4 are engaged with elongated holes 10p and 10q, respectively, of main body 10 and are configured to be movable along these elongated holes 10p and 10q. These elongated holes 10p and 10q penetrate main body 10 in the width direction, with one elongated hole 10p extending in the longitudinal direction and the other elongated hole 10q curved in an arc. The base-side ends (base ends) of these elongated holes 10p and 10q correspond to the positions of pins P3 and P4 when clamping unit 20 is open, and the tip-side ends (tip ends) of elongated holes 10p and 10q correspond to the positions of pins P3 and P4 when clamping unit 20 is closed. For this reason, when the clamping unit 31 is opened, the pins P3 and P4 abut against the base ends of the elongated holes 10p and 10q, respectively, stopping the rotation of the operating unit 31, and when the clamping unit 20 is closed, the pins P3 and P4 abut against the tip ends of the elongated holes 10p and 10q, respectively, stopping the rotation of the operating unit 31. In other words, the pins P3 and P4 and the elongated holes 10p and 10q define the rotation range of the operating unit 31, making it possible to prevent damage to the clamping unit 20 and the operating unit 31.

[0029] Here, the opening / closing mechanism 30 is provided with a locking mechanism 60. This locking mechanism 60 has a locking member 61, an opening 62, and a narrow portion 63. This locking member 61 is a rod-shaped member that extends in one direction, and has a hook Hk provided at one end thereof, which is connected and fixed to the main body 10 so as to protrude from the outer periphery of the main body 10. In the illustrated example, the locking member 61 is disposed on the side of the base end 10b of the main body 10, and protrudes obliquely upward from the outer periphery of the main body 10 toward the tip side, and the hook Hk is provided at the tip end (upper end) of the locking member 61.

[0030] The opening 62 is a through-hole formed in the operating unit 31, and penetrates the operating unit 31 in the vertical direction from the bottom surface to the top surface. In other words, it penetrates from the side of the operating unit 31 facing the main body 10 to the opposite side of the main body 10 in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the main body 10. This opening 62 is configured so that the tip of the locking member 61 can be inserted therethrough. Therefore, when the operating unit 31 is rotated toward the base end, the tip of the locking member 61 is inserted into the opening 62.

[0031] The narrow portion 63 is a small-diameter portion and is configured to be elastically deformable. The narrow portion 63 is provided in the middle portion of the arm portion 31a of the operating unit 31. The opening 62 is provided on the finger rest portion 31b side of the arm portion 31a. In other words, the opening 62 is positioned closer to the finger rest portion 31b than the narrow portion 63. Therefore, the opening 62 is configured to be able to move slightly in the width direction due to elastic deformation of the narrow portion 63.

[0032] When the operating unit 31 of the locking mechanism 60 is rotated toward the base end, the tip of the locking member 61 is inserted into the opening 62, and the hook Hk protrudes toward the side opposite (the upper surface side of) the side of the operating unit 31 facing the main body 10. In this state, when the finger rest 31b of the operating unit 31 is pressed in the width direction, the narrow portion 63 elastically deforms, causing the opening 62 to move slightly in the width direction, and the hook Hk is hooked to or released from the edge of the opening 62. This allows the locking mechanism 60 to hold or release the operating unit 31 toward the base end, and to hold or release the clamping unit 20 in a closed state.

[0033] Next, the contact portion 40 has a hemispherical portion 40b at one end of a shaft portion 40a that extends in one direction. This shaft portion 40a has an outer diameter that is the same as the outer diameter of the main body 10, and the hemispherical portion 40b has a hemispherical convex curved surface with an outer diameter that is larger than the outer diameter of the main body 10. Therefore, the hemispherical portion 40b of the contact portion 40 can be brought into contact with the palm of the hand without damaging the palm. An anti-slip feature is formed on this hemispherical portion 40b. In the illustrated example, this anti-slip feature is a plurality of concentric circular irregularities.

[0034] The shaft 40a of the abutment portion 40 is detachably connected to the base end 10b of the main body 10 via the connecting portion 70, and the hemispherical portion 40b of the abutment portion 40 is disposed at the end (base end) on the base end side in the longitudinal direction of the surgical instrument 100. That is, the connecting portion 70 and the abutment portion 40 are sequentially connected to the base end 10b of the main body 10, and the surgical instrument 100 extends in the longitudinal direction. In this embodiment, the base end 10b of the main body 10, the connecting portion 70, and the shaft 40a of the abutment portion 40 are each threadedly coupled. In addition, the base end 10b of the main body 10, the connecting portion 70, and the distal end (other end) of the shaft 40a of the abutment portion 40 each have an outer periphery that is hexagonal in plan view. This allows them to be firmly fastened and easily separated from the connected state using a tool such as a wrench.

[0035] The shaft 40a of the abutment portion 40 is configured to be connectable to the base end 10b of the main body 10, and also to the connecting portion 70. That is, as in the illustrated example, the connecting portion 70 and the abutment portion 40 can be connected sequentially to the base end 10b of the main body 10, or the abutment portion 40 can be connected directly to the base end 10b of the main body 10 without using the connecting portion 70. This allows the surgical instrument 100 to be adjusted to extend or retract in the longitudinal direction.

[0036] Here, the connecting portion 70 is a cylindrical member and has an outer diameter that is the same as the outer diameter of the main body 10. One end of this connecting portion is configured to be connectable to the base end portion 10b of the main body 10, and the other end is configured to be connectable to the shaft portion 40a of the abutment portion 40.

[0037] Finally, the support unit 50 is composed of two members, a first support unit 51 and a second support unit 52. The first support unit 51 and the second support unit 52 are rod-shaped members extending in one direction and connected and fixed to the main body 10 so as to intersect with the longitudinal direction of the main body 10. The first support unit 51 and the second support unit 52 are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the main body 10. The first support unit 51 is located in the middle of the main body 10 and can be hooked onto by a finger. The second support unit 52 is located on the side of the base end 10b of the main body 10 and can be placed between the fingers. In the illustrated example, the first support unit 51 is located between the operating unit 31 and the locking member 61 in the main body 10.

[0038] In this connected state between the support part 50 and the main body 10, the first support part 51 has a longitudinal middle portion connected to the main body 10, and one portion 51a and the other portion 51b of the first support part 51 extend on both sides of the main body 10. One end of the second support part 52 is connected to the main body 10, and extends in one direction from the main body 10. In the illustrated example, one portion 51a of the first support part 51 extends diagonally downward from the main body 10 toward the front side as indicated by the arrow Fr, and the other portion 51b extends diagonally upward from the main body 10 toward the back side as indicated by the arrow Bk. The second support part extends diagonally upward from the main body 10 toward the back side.

[0039] Here, a recess R1 extending in the longitudinal direction is formed in one portion 51a of the first support portion 51. Similarly, a recess R2 extending in the longitudinal direction is formed in the second support portion 52. This reduces the thickness of the first support portion 51 and the second support portion 52, thereby reducing their weight.

[0040] Furthermore, a notch Sp is formed in the other part 51b of the first support part 51. This notch Sp is curved in a substantially U-shape and is configured so that a finger can be inserted into it. Therefore, by inserting the index finger into the notch Sp and placing the middle finger on the part of the other part 51b opposite to the notch Sp, the other part 51b of the first support part 51 can be held between the index finger and middle finger.

[0041] Figure 11(a) is a schematic diagram showing the state in which the surgical instrument of this embodiment is being gripped. Figure 11(b) is a schematic diagram showing the state in which the wrist is rotated while gripping the surgical instrument of this embodiment. As shown in Figures 11(a) and 11(b), the surgical instrument 100 has the clamping portion 20, main body 10, connecting portion 70, and abutting portion 40 sequentially arranged in one direction and extending in the longitudinal direction, and the first support portion 51 is connected and fixed to the middle portion of the main body 10 so as to extend in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction, giving the surgical instrument 100 a generally cross shape. Therefore, when the contact portion 40 is brought into contact with the palm Pa and the fingers F2-F5 (index finger, middle finger, ring finger, and little finger) are hooked on the first support portion 51 to grasp the surgical instrument 100, the longitudinal direction of the surgical instrument 100 becomes parallel to or approaches parallel with the longitudinal direction of the forearm Ar, and the clamping portion 20 of the surgical instrument 100 is positioned on or approaches the axis Oa extending along the longitudinal direction of the forearm Ar. This prevents or reduces vibration of the clamping portion 20 even if the wrist of the hand grasping the surgical instrument 100 rotates.

[0042] FIG. 12(a) is a schematic diagram showing the closing operation of the clamping portion of the surgical instrument of this embodiment. FIG. 12(b) is a schematic diagram showing the opening operation of the clamping portion of the surgical instrument of this embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 12(a) and 12(b), the surgical instrument 100 configured as described above is grasped by placing the contact portion 40 against the palm Pa, hooking fingers F4-F5 (ring finger and little finger) on one portion 51a of the first support portion 51, pinching the other portion 51b of the first support portion 51 between fingers F2 (index finger) and F3 (middle finger), and positioning the second support portion 52 between fingers F1 (thumb) and F2. In this state, bending and straightening finger F1 reciprocates the operating portion 31 between the distal end and proximal end in the longitudinal direction of the surgical instrument 100, thereby opening and closing the clamping portion 20.

[0043] In this embodiment, the surgical instrument 100 has the clamping portion 20, the main body 10, the connecting portion 70, and the contact portion 40 sequentially connected in one direction and extending in the longitudinal direction, and the first support portion 51 is connected and fixed to the middle portion of the main body 10 and extends in a direction intersecting with the longitudinal direction of the surgical instrument 100. As a result, the surgical instrument 100 has a substantially cross shape, and the contact portion 40 is brought into contact with the palm of the hand and the fingers F1-F4 are hooked on the first support portion 51 to grasp the surgical instrument 100. When this is done, the longitudinal direction of the surgical instrument 100 becomes parallel or approaches parallel to the longitudinal direction of the forearm Ar, and the clamping portion 20 is positioned on or approaches the axis Oa extending along the longitudinal direction of the forearm Ar. As a result, compared to pliers- or scissors-shaped surgical instruments, even if the wrist of the hand holding the surgical instrument 100 rotates around the axis Oa, vibration of the clamping portion 20 can be prevented or reduced (see Figure 11(b)), and the surgical instrument 100 can be easily operated while viewing an endoscopic image.

[0044] In this embodiment, the operating part 31 of the opening / closing mechanism 30 is connected to the main body and rotates around an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the main body 10, reciprocating between the tip end and the base end in the longitudinal direction of the main body 10. Therefore, the reciprocating direction of the operating part 31 is the same as the longitudinal direction of the surgical instrument 100, and therefore the vibration of the clamping part 20 caused by the reciprocating movement of the operating part 31 can be sufficiently suppressed by the gripping hand of the surgical instrument 100 compared to when the reciprocating direction of the operating part 31 is different from the longitudinal direction of the surgical instrument 100.

[0045] In this embodiment, the opening / closing mechanism 30 is provided with a locking mechanism 60, which can hold the clamping portion 20 in a closed state or release the hold, thereby allowing the clamping portion 20 to be held in a closed state without continuously applying force to the operating portion 31, and allowing the clamping portion 20 to be held in a state in which it pinches an object such as a needle, thereby improving the operability of the surgical instrument 100.

[0046] In this embodiment, the locking mechanism 60 has a locking member 61, an opening 62, and a narrow portion 63. The locking member 61 has a hook Hk at its tip and is connected and fixed to the main body 10. The opening 62 and the narrow portion 63 are provided in the arm portion 31a of the operating unit 31. The opening 62 penetrates the arm portion 31a. The narrow portion 63 is a small-diameter portion that can be elastically deformed. When the operating unit 31 is rotated toward the base end, the tip of the locking member 61 is inserted into the opening 62, and the hook Hk protrudes on the opposite side (upper surface side) of the main body 10 of the operating unit 31. In this state, when the finger rest portion 31b of the operating unit 31 is pressed in the width direction, the opening 62 moves slightly in the width direction due to the elastic deformation of the narrow portion 63, so that the hook Hk can be hooked to the edge of the opening 62 or released from the hook Hk's engagement, and the operating unit 31 can be easily locked and unlocked.

[0047] It should be noted that the surgical instrument of this embodiment is not limited to the illustrated example described above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, the support portion 50 of this embodiment is composed of two portions, a first support portion 51 and a second support portion 52, but the support member 50 may be composed of a single first support portion 51, or may be composed of three or more portions.

[0048] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the surgical instrument 100 is configured to be adjustable in length and retraction in the longitudinal direction by sequentially connecting the connecting portion 70 and the abutting portion 40 to the base end 10b of the main body 10 by means of a screw connection, or by directly connecting the abutting portion 40 to the base end 10b of the main body 10, but the connection method is not limited to a screw connection, and may be a locking connection, or the main body 10 and the abutting portion 40 may be connected to each other in a telescopic manner, or by a mechanism such as a slide mechanism or turnbuckle, so as to be extendable and retractable, without using the connecting portion 70.

[0049] In this embodiment, the main body 10, the connecting portion 70, and the contact portion 40 are configured as separate members, but the main body 10, the connecting portion 70, and the contact portion 40 may be integrally formed. If the connecting portion 70 is not used, the main body 10 and the contact portion 40 may be integrally formed. This prevents the connecting portion 70 or the contact portion 40 from coming off the main body 10 and falling into the patient's body during surgery.

[0050] In addition, in this embodiment, the main body 10 and the support part 50 (first support part 51 and second support part 52) ​​are configured as separate members, but the main body 10 and the support part 50 may be formed integrally. This prevents the support part 50 from becoming detached from the main body 10 and falling into the patient's body during surgery.

[0051] In this embodiment, the main body 10 and the locking member 61 of the locking mechanism 60 are configured as separate members, but the main body 10 and the locking member 61 may be formed integrally. This prevents the locking member 61 from coming off the main body 10 and dropping into the patient's body during surgery. [Explanation of symbols]

[0052] 100... surgical instrument, 10... main body, 10a... distal end portion, 10b... proximal end portion, 10p, 10q... elongated hole, 20... clamping portion, 21... rotating piece, 30... opening and closing mechanism, 31... operation portion, 31a... arm portion, 31b... finger rest portion, 32... shaft, 33... joint, 40... abutment portion, 40a... shaft portion, 40b... hemispherical portion, 50... support portion, 51... first support portion, 51a... one portion, 51b...other part, 52...second support part, 60...locking mechanism, 61...engaging member, 62...opening, 63...narrowed part, 70...connecting part, Ar...forearm, F1, F2, F3, F4, F5...fingers, Hk...hook, Oa...axis, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5...pin, Pa...palm, R1, R2...recess, Sp...notch, Up, Dw, Tp, Pr, Fr, Bk...arrows.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument for clamping an object, comprising: a main body extending in one direction; a clamping section provided at a tip end of the main body and capable of clamping an object; an abutment section connected to a base end of the main body and capable of abutting against the palm of a hand; an opening / closing mechanism for opening and closing the clamping section; and first and second support sections extending in one direction and capable of being hooked by fingers; the first support portion is connected and fixed to an intermediate portion of the main body so as to intersect with the longitudinal direction of the main body, The second support portion is connected and fixed to the base end side of the main body so as to intersect with the longitudinal direction of the main body. Surgical instruments.

2. The surgical instrument according to claim 1 , wherein the main body and the abutment portion are integrally formed.

3. The surgical instrument according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the main body, the first support portion, and the second support portion are integrally formed.

4. A surgical instrument for clamping an object, comprising: a main body extending in one direction; a clamping section provided at a tip end of the main body and capable of clamping an object; a contact section provided at a base end of the main body and capable of contacting the palm of a hand; an opening / closing mechanism for opening and closing the clamping section; and a first support section extending in one direction and capable of being hooked by a finger; the first support portion is connected and fixed to an intermediate portion of the main body so as to intersect with the longitudinal direction of the main body, A surgical instrument further having a connecting portion, which is configured so that the connecting portion and the abutment portion can be sequentially connected to the base end of the main body, or the abutment portion can be directly connected to the base end of the main body without using the connecting portion.

5. 5. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the opening / closing mechanism has an operating unit that is connected to the main body and rotates about an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the main body, and reciprocates between the distal end and the proximal end in the longitudinal direction of the main body.

6. 6. The surgical instrument according to claim 5, wherein the opening / closing mechanism opens the clamping portion when the operating portion is rotated toward the distal end side of the main body, and closes the clamping portion when the operating portion is rotated toward the proximal end side of the main body.

7. 7. The surgical instrument according to claim 6, wherein the opening / closing mechanism further comprises a locking mechanism configured to hold the clamping portions in a closed state and to release the holding state.

8. 8. The surgical instrument according to claim 7, wherein the locking mechanism holds the operating portion of the opening / closing mechanism in a state where the operating portion is rotated toward the base end of the main body, and releases the holding state.

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