Motivation-increasing composition

Abstract

[Problem] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel composition for enhancing motivation and / or a composition for improving wakefulness upon getting out of bed. [Solution] The aforementioned problem is solved by a composition for enhancing motivation after sleep or a composition for improving wakefulness upon getting out of bed, the composition being characterized by being a guar gum decomposition product that has an average molecular weight of 1.0×103 to 2.0×105 and contains 70 mass% or more of substances within an average molecular weight range, the viscosity of a 1 mass% aqueous solution of the guar gum decomposition product being 50 mPa·s or lower when measured at 25°C and 60 rpm using a type B viscometer, the guar gum decomposition product being obtained by hydrolyzing galactomannan polysaccharides, which are contained in guar-derived endosperm and for which the content ratio (galactose:mannose) of galactose and mannose is within the range of 1:1.3 to 1:2.1, using microorganism-derived β-mannanase and then reducing the molecular weight, and the composition containing at least 70 mass% of dietary fiber content stipulated through enzyme-HPLC.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a composition for increasing motivation. [Background technology]

[0002] People sometimes experience days of lack of motivation due to factors such as aging, sleep status, and mental state. Lack of motivation can lead to a decline in concentration and negative thinking. Patent Document 1 describes research and development aimed at improving this situation. Furthermore, apart from or simultaneously with lack of motivation, people may also experience difficulty waking up. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2022-097984 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-096715 [Non-patent literature]

[0004] [Non-Patent Document 1] Tanaka H, ​​Shirakawa S: Sleep health, lifestyle and mental health in the Japanese eilderly sleep ensuring to promote a healthy brain and mind. JPsychosomatic Research. 2004;56:465-477 [Non-patent document 2] Maxwell C. Sensitivity and accuracy of the visual analogue scale: apsycho- physical classroom experiment. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1978;6:15-24. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The composition described in Patent Document 1 contains an extract and / or a crushed product of a plant of the genus Salacia. As a composition that increases motivation, it is preferable to be able to provide more, so there is still room for research. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a novel composition for increasing motivation and / or a novel composition for improving wakefulness upon waking up. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The present inventors have found that a composition containing a specific guar gum decomposition product has a motivation-increasing effect, and have basically completed the present invention. Thus, the composition for increasing motivation after sleep according to the present invention has an average molecular weight of 1.0 × 10 3 ~2.0×10 5 The guar gum hydrolyzate contains 70% by mass or more of fibers within the above average molecular weight range, and has a viscosity of 50 mPa·s or less in a 1% by mass aqueous solution when measured at 25°C and 60 rpm using a B-type viscometer. The guar gum hydrolyzate is obtained by hydrolyzing a galactomannan polysaccharide contained in guar-derived endosperm, which has a galactose to mannose content ratio (galactose:mannose) in the range of 1:1.3 to 1:2.1, using a microbial β-mannanase to reduce the molecular weight of the polysaccharide. The guar gum hydrolyzate is characterized by containing at least 70% by mass of dietary fiber as determined by the enzymatic-HPLC method.

[0007] In addition, a composition for improving wakefulness upon waking according to another invention has an average molecular weight of 1.0 × 10 3 ~2.0×10 5The guar gum hydrolyzate contains 70% by mass or more of fibers within the above average molecular weight range, and has a viscosity of 50 mPa·s or less in a 1% by mass aqueous solution when measured at 25°C and 60 rpm using a B-type viscometer. The guar gum hydrolyzate is obtained by hydrolyzing a galactomannan polysaccharide contained in guar-derived endosperm, which has a galactose to mannose content ratio (galactose:mannose) in the range of 1:1.3 to 1:2.1, using a microbial β-mannanase to reduce the molecular weight of the polysaccharide. The guar gum hydrolyzate is characterized by containing at least 70% by mass of dietary fiber as determined by the enzymatic-HPLC method. In the above invention, the composition for increasing motivation or the composition for improving wakefulness is preferably intended for healthy individuals without sleep disorders. The present invention provides a food, drink, or pharmaceutical product containing the motivation-increasing composition or wakefulness-improving composition of the present invention. Food and drink products include foods and beverages, such as nutritional supplements, health foods, foods for specified health uses, foods with functional claims, dietary foods, comprehensive health foods, supplements, tea drinks, coffee drinks, juices, soft drinks, energy drinks, cooked rice, bread, noodles, dairy products, processed egg products, processed seafood and livestock foods, confectioneries, oils and fats and processed foods, seasonings, and prepared dishes. Pharmaceutical products include pharmaceuticals and quasi-drugs, and are preferably oral or enteral preparations, and can be in the form of liquids, tablets, granules, pills, syrups, and the like. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present invention, a novel composition for increasing motivation and / or a novel composition for improving wakefulness upon waking can be provided. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] 1 is a bar graph showing the results of the PHGG sleep health risk total score. [Figure 2] This is a bar graph showing the results of an investigation into PHGG's feeling of refreshment upon waking up. [Figure 3] 1 is a bar graph showing the results of an investigation into PHGG's sense of fatigue upon waking. [Figure 4] This is a bar graph showing the results of PHGG's survey on motivation for work and study. [Figure 5] 1 is a bar graph showing the results of examining PHGG's waking vitality (VA). [Figure 6] 1 is a bar graph showing the results of examining PHGG's sleepiness upon waking. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and can be embodied in various forms without changing the gist of the invention. Guar gum is a water-soluble natural polysaccharide obtained from the endosperm (specifically, the cotyledons) of guar beans. It is a polysaccharide with two linearly linked mannose molecules and one galactose side chain, and has an average molecular weight of 2.0 x 10 5 ~3.0×10 5 The amount of guar gum is about the same. Guar gum is known to have physiological effects such as suppressing blood sugar elevation, lowering cholesterol, and improving bowel movements. In the present invention, guar gum hydrolyzate refers to a water-soluble dietary fiber obtained by hydrolyzing and lowering the molecular weight of the galactomannan polysaccharide contained in the endosperm of guar gum (scientific name: Cyanopsis tetragoloba), an annual legume plant consumed in India, Pakistan, and other countries. Methods for hydrolyzing guar gum include, but are not limited to, enzymatic hydrolysis and acid hydrolysis, but enzymatic hydrolysis is preferred because it is easy to adjust the molecular weight of the hydrolyzed product.

[0011] The enzyme used in the enzymatic degradation method is not particularly limited as long as it is an enzyme that hydrolyzes linear mannose chains, but it is preferable to use β-mannanase derived from fungi such as Aspergillus or Rhizops. The average molecular weight distribution of the guar gum degradation product has an upper limit of 2.0 × 10 5 is preferably 1.0 x 10 or less. 5 More preferably, 2.5 × 10 4The lower limit of the average molecular weight distribution of the guar gum hydrolyzate is 1.0 × 10 2 or more, preferably 2.0 × 10 3 The average molecular weight distribution is 1.0 × 10 2 If the average molecular weight is smaller than 2.0 × 10, it becomes difficult to fully exert the motivation-increasing activity. 5 If the viscosity exceeds 100%, the viscosity will be too high and it will be difficult to include it in food and drink. The method for measuring the molecular weight distribution is not particularly limited. For example, polyethylene glycol (average molecular weight: 2×10) may be used as a molecular weight marker. 2 , 2 × 10 3 , 2 × 10 4 and 1 x 10 5 ) and gel filtration chromatography. The guar gum decomposition product of the present invention contains 70% by mass or more, preferably 80% by mass or more, of the guar gum decomposition product within the above average molecular weight range.

[0012] Galactose is a type of monosaccharide classified as an aldohexose, and its molecular formula is CH 12 O6, and the molecular weight is 180 (both are the same as glucose). The configuration is the same at the 2nd position (second from the top in the Fischer projection), the -OH at the 5th position is in the same direction, and the 3rd and 4th positions are in the opposite direction, and the configuration at the 5th position of D-galactose is the same as that of D-glyceraldehyde. Mannose is a type of monosaccharide classified as an aldohexose, and its molecular formula is CH 12 O6, and the molecular weight is 180 (both are the same as glucose). The configuration is such that the -OH at positions 2 and 3 are in the same direction, while the -OH at positions 4 and 5 are in the opposite direction, and the configuration at position 5 of D-mannose is the same as that of D-glyceraldehyde. Mannose is not metabolized much in humans, and when ingested orally, it hardly enters the glycolytic pathway.

[0013] "Motivation" is an expression that refers to the positive feelings and desire to do and accomplish things on one's own. It is recognized that motivation is brought about by dopamine secreted from the brain. It is known that motivation can be lost due to irregular lifestyle habits, accumulated fatigue, lack of sleep, etc. The motivation-increasing composition of the present invention can be taken orally as is or mixed with food, beverages, etc. The dosage of the motivation-increasing composition when taken orally is not particularly limited, but is 0.5 g to 70 g (preferably 3 g to 30 g, more preferably 6 g to 18 g) per adult per day.

[0014] <Preparation of guar gum hydrolyzate (PHGG)> Example 1 900 g of water was adjusted to pH 4.5 with 0.1 N hydrochloric acid, and then 0.2 g of commercially available β-mannanase derived from Aspergillus bacteria and 100 g of guar gum powder were added and mixed. This mixture was reacted at 40 to 45°C for 24 hours. After the reaction, the enzyme was inactivated by heating at 90°C for 15 minutes. The reaction solution was filtered by suction, and the insoluble matter was removed. The resulting clear solution was concentrated under reduced pressure (Yamato evaporator). A solid content of 20% by mass was obtained. This was dried using a spray dryer (Okawahara Chemical Engineering Co., Ltd.) to obtain 65 g of guar gum decomposition product as a powder. The guar gum decomposition product was dissolved in water to obtain a 0.5 (w / v)% aqueous solution. Polyethylene glycol (average molecular weight: 2 × 10) was used as a molecular weight marker. 2 , 2 × 10 3 , 2 × 10 4 and 1 x 10 5 The average molecular weight was determined by gel filtration chromatography (column: YMC-Pack Diol-120, detector: differential refractometer) using 1.0×10 3 ~2.0×10 5 The content was 80% by mass or more. The viscosity of a 1% by mass aqueous solution was measured at 25°C and 60 rpm using a Brookfield viscometer and was found to be 8 mPa·s. The ratio of galactose to mannose (galactose:mannose) was measured and found to be 1:1.7. The dietary fiber content was measured by enzymatic HPLC and found to be 90% by mass.

[0015] Example 2 900 g of water was adjusted to pH 3 with 0.1 N hydrochloric acid, and then 0.15 g of commercially available β-mannanase derived from Aspergillus bacteria and 100 g of guar gum powder were added and mixed. This mixture was reacted at 40 to 45°C for 24 hours. After the reaction, the enzyme was inactivated by heating at 90°C for 15 minutes. The reaction solution was filtered by suction, and the insoluble matter was removed. The resulting clear solution was concentrated under reduced pressure (Yamato evaporator). A solid content of 20% by mass was obtained. This was dried using a spray dryer (Okawahara Chemical Engineering Co., Ltd.) to obtain 68 g of guar gum decomposition product as a powder. The average molecular weight of the guar gum hydrolyzate was determined in the same manner as in Example 1 and was found to be approximately 2.5 × 10 4 The HPLC chart showed that the molecular weight was 1.0 × 10 3 ~2.0×10 4 The content was 80% by mass or more. The viscosity of a 1% by mass aqueous solution was measured at 25°C and 60 rpm using a Brookfield viscometer and was found to be 10 mPa·s. The ratio of galactose to mannose (galactose:mannose) was measured and found to be 1:1.8. The dietary fiber content was measured by enzymatic HPLC and was found to be 89% by mass.

[0016] Example 3 900 g of water was adjusted to pH 4 with 0.1 N hydrochloric acid, and then 0.25 g of commercially available β-mannanase derived from Aspergillus bacteria and 100 g of guar gum powder were added and mixed. This mixture was reacted at 50-55°C for 12 hours. After the reaction, the enzyme was inactivated by heating at 90°C for 15 minutes. The reaction solution was filtered by suction, and the insoluble matter was removed. The resulting clear solution was concentrated under reduced pressure (Yamato evaporator). A solid content of 20% by mass was obtained. This was dried using a spray dryer (Okawahara Kakoki Co., Ltd.) to obtain 70 g of guar gum decomposition product as a powder. The average molecular weight of the guar gum hydrolyzate was determined in the same manner as in Example 1 and was found to be approximately 1.5 × 10 4 The HPLC chart showed that the molecular weight was 1.0 × 10 3 ~2.0×10 5 The content was 80% by mass or more. The viscosity of a 1% by mass aqueous solution was measured at 25°C and 60 rpm using a Brookfield viscometer and was found to be 9 mPa·s. The ratio of galactose to mannose (galactose:mannose) was measured and found to be 1:2.0. The dietary fiber content was measured by enzymatic HPLC and was found to be 88% by mass.

[0017] Example 4 A guar gum decomposition product was prepared according to the description in the Examples of JP-A-5-117156 (page 4, line 3 to page 4, line 10). The average molecular weight was determined in accordance with Example 1 and was found to be 5.5 × 10 3 It was.

[0018] <Test Method 1> A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group comparative study was conducted to verify the effects of PHGG on morning sensation and motivation. Sixty healthy subjects aged 30 to under 50 were divided into three groups of 20 each, and were given a placebo powdered food, 3 g / day of PHGG from Example 1, or 5 g / day of PHGG daily for eight weeks. A questionnaire survey on sleep and motivation was conducted at weeks 0, 4, and 8, and scores for the total sleep health risk score, feeling refreshed upon waking, feeling tired upon waking, and motivation for work or study were calculated. The "total sleep health risk score (SHRI total score)" was calculated from the sum of the scores for each evaluation item in the Sleep Health Risk Index (SHRI) (Non-Patent Document 1), including Factor 1 (sleep maintenance disorders), Factor 2 (sleep-associated symptoms), Factor 3 (sleep apnea), Factor 4 (difficulty waking up), and Factor 5 (difficulty falling asleep). A higher score indicates a higher overall risk to sleep health. Scores regarding feeling and motivation upon waking up were scored using a visual analog scale (VAS) (Non-Patent Document 2) on a scale from 0 (worst) to 10 (best). A higher score indicates better performance.

[0019] <Test result 1> Table 1 and Figure 1 show the total score for sleep health risk, and Table 2 and Figures 2 to 4 show the results of the VAS questionnaire regarding the feeling of refreshment upon waking, the feeling of fatigue upon waking, and motivation for work or study. Note that because there were cases of dropout in each group, data analysis was performed on 19 cases in the placebo group, 14 cases in the PHGG (3g intake group), and 17 cases in the PHGG (5g intake group).

[0020] [Table 1]

[0021] [Table 2]

[0022] Patent Document 2 discloses that dietary fiber has the effect of improving sleep health. A test in this document showed that cookies containing dietary fiber (gum arabic) improved the total sleep health risk score (paragraph 0021). Based on this disclosed technology, the present inventor conducted tests on dietary fiber containing a specific low-molecular-weight guar gum, hoping that it would have a sleep-improving effect. Surprisingly, however, no significant difference in the total sleep health risk score was observed between the placebo group and the PHGG group (both 3 g and 5 g) for the composition of the present invention (Table 1 and Figure 1). This forced the inventor to abandon the use of the PHGG of the present invention for comprehensive sleep improvement. However, when the effects of the PHGG of the present invention were examined from a different perspective, a significant effect was observed. That is, significant differences were observed between the placebo group and the PHGG group in terms of the feeling of refreshment upon waking, the feeling of fatigue upon waking, and motivation for work or study (Table 2 and Figures 2 to 4). The PHGGs of Examples 2 to 4 were also examined, and similar effects were observed. Thus, it was found that specific PHGGs have not only an overall effect of improving sleep health, but also an effect of increasing motivation and / or improving alertness upon waking. What is particularly novel is that they have the effect of increasing motivation after sleep and / or improving alertness upon waking in healthy individuals without sleep disorders.

[0023] <Test Method 2> A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group comparative study was conducted to verify the effects of PHGG on morning sleepiness, sleep onset and maintenance, dreaming, fatigue recovery, and sleep duration in healthy elderly subjects. Healthy male and female subjects aged 60 years or older were enrolled. Of the 91 screening cases, 66 healthy individuals who did not fall under the exclusion criteria were included. Exclusion criteria included those with a history of malignant tumors or heart disease, pacemaker users, those receiving treatment for arrhythmia, liver damage, kidney damage, diabetes, dyslipidemia, or hypertension, regular users of medicines or supplements, those with allergies, those with exercise habits (more than twice a week, more than 30 minutes per session, for more than a year), those infected with the new coronavirus, those participating in other clinical trials within 28 days prior to obtaining consent, and others deemed inappropriate by the investigator. 66 people were randomly divided into two groups, one was the test food group (33 people) and the other was the placebo group (33 people). The test group took 5g / day of PHGG of Example 1, and the placebo group took 5g / day of placebo powder food every day with breakfast for 12 weeks. Note that three people in the test group and two people in the placebo group dropped out midway, so the data of 30 people and 31 people, respectively, were analyzed.

[0024] Statistical analyses were performed on POMS2 and OSA-MA scores at weeks 0, 8, and 12. POMS2 is a test that can quickly assess not only relatively long-lasting emotional states but also fluctuating, transient emotions. It includes seven factors: Anger-Hostility (AH), Confusion-Bewilderment (CB), Depression-Depression (DD), Fatigue-Apathy (FI), Tension-Anxiety (TA), Vitality-Energy (VA), and Friendliness (F), as well as TMD as an indicator of overall mood state. A score below 30 corresponds to "very low," 30-39 to "low," 40-59 to "average," 0-69 to "high," and >70 to "very high." Lower scores for TMD, AH, CB, DD, FI, and TA indicate better outcomes, while higher scores for VA and F indicate better outcomes. The OSA-MA is a test that evaluates sleepiness upon waking, sleep onset and maintenance, dreaming, fatigue recovery, and sleep duration, and was conducted at home upon waking for three days prior to the test (the day of the test, the day before, and the day before that). The average values ​​for the three days were used as the measurement value. Tables 3 and 4 show the POMS2 score data. No significant differences were confirmed between the groups in each POMS2 score, but the actual measured values ​​of VA after 8 weeks of intake and the change from baseline tended to be higher in the test food group than in the placebo group (both P = 0.066), suggesting that intake of guar gum hydrolysate improves vitality and energy.

[0025] [Table 3]

[0026] [Table 4]

[0027] Table 5 shows the mean (Mean), standard deviation (SD), median (Med), minimum (Min), maximum (Max), intergroup difference (Δ) and standard error (SE), minimum 95% confidence interval (95% CI+), maximum 95% confidence interval (95% CI+), and statistical analysis results for each OSA-MA score. OSA-MA is a psychological scale that evaluates the internal phase of sleep upon awakening, with higher scores indicating better sleepiness. Of the OSA-MA scores, the effect of guar gum hydrolysate intake was confirmed for "morning sleepiness." After 8 weeks of intake, the actual measured values ​​and the change from baseline were significantly higher in the test food group than in the placebo group, and after 12 weeks of intake, the actual measured values ​​and the change tended to be higher in the test food group than in the placebo group (both P = 0.096). Actual score after 8 weeks (test food group: 20.1 ± 4.4 points, placebo group: 19.6 ± 6.0 points, difference between groups: 1.8 points [0.1, 3.6], P = 0.043), change 1 after 8 weeks (test food group: 1.8 ± 3.6 points, placebo group: -0.6 ± 3.9 points, difference between groups: 1.8 points [0.1, 3.6], P = 0.043), actual score after 12 weeks (test food group: 20.0 ± 4.2 points, placebo group: 19.9 ± 6.6 points, difference between groups: 1.5 points [-0.3, 3.3], P = 0.096), change 2 after 12 weeks (test food group: 1.7 ± 3.5 points, placebo group: -0.3 ± The mean mean score for sleep was 4.1 points, mean mean score for sleep was 1.5 points [-0.3, 3.3], P = 0.096). However, no significant differences were observed between the groups for other sleep measures. Thus, the effect of improving alertness upon waking was observed in elderly healthy people aged 60 years or older, just as in healthy people aged 30 years or older but younger than 50 years.

[0028] [Table 5] As described above, according to this embodiment, a novel composition for increasing motivation and / or a novel composition for improving wakefulness upon waking up can be provided.

Claims

1. Average molecular weight is 1.0 x 10 ３ ~2.0 x 10 ５ a guar gum decomposition product containing 70% by mass or more of guar gum having an average molecular weight within the above range, and a viscosity of a 1% by mass aqueous solution of the decomposition product measured at 25°C and 60 rpm using a Brookfield viscometer of 50 mPa s or less, The guar gum decomposition product is obtained by hydrolyzing and lowering the molecular weight of a galactomannan polysaccharide contained in guar-derived endosperm, which has a galactose to mannose content ratio (galactose:mannose) in the range of 1:1.3 to 1:2.1, using a microbial β-mannanase, and is a composition for increasing motivation after sleep in healthy individuals without sleep disorders, characterized in that it contains a dietary fiber content of at least 70% by mass as determined by an enzyme-HPLC method.

2. Average molecular weight is 1.0 x 10 ３ ~2.0 x 10 ５ a guar gum decomposition product containing 70% by mass or more of guar gum having an average molecular weight within the above range, and a viscosity of a 1% by mass aqueous solution of the decomposition product measured at 25°C and 60 rpm using a Brookfield viscometer of 50 mPa s or less, The composition for improving alertness upon waking in healthy individuals without sleep disorders is characterized in that the guar gum decomposition product is obtained by hydrolyzing and lowering the molecular weight of a galactomannan polysaccharide contained in guar-derived endosperm, which has a galactose to mannose content ratio (galactose:mannose) in the range of 1:1.3 to 1:2.1, using a microbial β-mannanase, and contains at least 70% by mass of dietary fiber as determined by an enzyme-HPLC method.

3. A food or drink for increasing motivation, comprising the composition for increasing motivation according to claim 1.

4. A motivation-increasing medicine containing the motivation-increasing composition according to claim 1.

5. A food or drink for improving awakening, comprising the composition for improving awakening according to claim 2.

6. A pharmaceutical product for improving wakefulness, comprising the composition for improving wakefulness according to claim 2.

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