Jig for precision wood processing

Abstract

To provide a jig used for cutting processing of a workpiece, for which high precision is required.SOLUTION: There are provided a base 12 on which a processed wood 36 is placed; two support pillars 14 erected on an upper surface of the base 12; a reference plate 16 having one surface brought into close contact with the two support pillars 14, and having a reference surface 17 on the other surface; and an elastic force mechanism for performing positioning by pressing the reference plate 16 to the two support pillars 14 by elastic force. The reference surface 17, which is made to be a surface perpendicular to the upper surface of the base 12, is embedded with a magnet that attracts a flat side surface of a saw. A spacer 26 for limiting upward movement of an upper edge of the saw is further arranged on the reference surface 17. There is provided a back plate for forming a movement space of a saw body part of the saw by sandwiching the reference surface 17 and the spacer 26.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a jig for precision wood processing that can accurately cut wood at a set angle using a saw. [Background technology]

[0002] Automatic machines that precisely process wood according to design drawings are widely used. However, large-scale, expensive automatic machines are not suitable for processing handmade furniture and decorative items. For example, a screen-shaped jig such as that described in Patent Document 1 is used to cut wood perpendicular to its surface. In addition, Patent Document 2 introduces a saw-tooth cutting jig that holds a saw between slits. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-176098 [Patent Document 2] Utility Model Registration No. 3222994 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] For example, a craft project may involve assembling blocks several centimeters thick, as shown in Figure 8. Unless each block is cut with high precision to maintain flatness and parallelism of its cut surface, the joints of the blocks will not adhere tightly. For example, even a gap of 0.1 millimeters prevents the blocks from being assembled into the desired shape. The flatness (degree of inclination) must be less than 0.01 mm per centimeter. This type of work requires highly skilled craftsmen. If the cut surface is slightly inclined, the inclination must be corrected by grinding it flat, but this process also requires high skill and consumes a significant amount of work time. The present invention addresses these issues and aims to provide a precision wood processing jig that can be used to cut wood at a set angle with high precision without requiring high skill. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The following configurations are means for solving the above problems.

[0006] <Configuration 1> a base 12 on which the wood 36 to be processed is placed; Two support columns 14 are erected on the top surface of the base 12, a reference plate 16 having one surface in close contact with the two support columns 14 and the other surface having a reference surface 17; a resilient mechanism for resiliently pressing the reference plate 16 against the two support posts 14 to position the reference plate 16; The reference surface 17 is a surface perpendicular to the top surface of the base 12, and has a magnet embedded therein that attracts the flat side of the saw. A spacer 26 is further disposed on the reference surface 17 to limit the upward movement of the upper edge of the saw; The jig for precision wood working is characterized by having a back plate which sandwiches a reference surface 17 and a spacer 26 and forms a movement space for the saw blade of the saw.

[0007] <Configuration 2> The jig for precision woodworking according to configuration 1 is characterized in that the clamp plate 18 is arranged so as to sandwich the two posts between the reference plate 16 and the clamp plate 18, the tips of two clamp pins 20 that pass through the clamp plate 18 are fixed to the reference plate 16 directly or via a reinforcing plate 48, springs 22 are fitted into the clamp pins 20, and the elastic mechanism of this structure applies elastic force so as to press the reference plate 16 against the posts 14. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] With the precision wood processing jig of the present invention, even an unskilled craftsman can maintain the accuracy of the saw's cut surface inclination within the required accuracy from the start of the cut to the end. Furthermore, the saw blade can be kept parallel to the top surface of the wood while cutting, and since the saw blade does not wobble horizontally, chipping does not occur at the corners of the wood. Therefore, flattening the cut surface after cutting is easy, significantly reducing the work time. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] 1(a) is a perspective view of the jig for precision woodworking of the present invention, and FIG. 1(b) is a perspective view showing the relationship between the reference plate 16 and the saw 34. FIG. [Figure 2] 1 is an exploded perspective view of a main part of a jig for precision wood processing according to the present invention. [Figure 3] 1 is a side view showing a saw 34 cutting a piece of wood 36. FIG. [Figure 4] 1 is a top view showing the relationship between the jig for precision wood processing of the present invention and the saw head 40. FIG. [Figure 5] 1 is a side view showing the relationship between the jig for precision wood processing of the present invention and the saw head 40. FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of highly accurate cutting using a saw 34. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a front view showing additional functions of the jig for precision wood processing of the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a wooden product that requires high-precision machining. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail for each example. [Example]

[0011] The precision wood processing jig shown in Figure 1 includes a base 12 on which a piece of wood 36 to be processed is placed. In order to process the piece of wood 36 with high precision, the top surface of the base 12 is also flattened to the same extent as the surface of the piece of wood 36. That is, in this example, the top surface of the piece of wood 36 placed on the base 12 is also processed to be parallel to the top surface of the base 12, and an example will be described in which the piece of wood 36 is precisely cut at a cross section perpendicular to the top surface of the piece of wood 36.

[0012] If it is desired to cut the wood 36 at a 45-degree angle relative to its top surface, the wood 36 can be placed on a 45-degree angled platform (not shown) and secured to the base 12. In this example, to obtain a cross section that is perpendicular to both the top surface and the side of the wood 36, the side of the wood 36 is pressed against the positioning block 50 during the cutting operation. The position and angle of the positioning block 50 are also set for this purpose.

[0013] Two support posts 14 are erected on the upper surface of the base 12, and one surface of the support post 14 is in close contact with the other surface of a reference plate 16 having a reference surface 17. The reason for providing the two support posts 14 is to sandwich a piece of wood 36 between them, and to position and support the saw from above with high precision to cut the piece of wood 36.

[0014] The reference surface 17 is set and flattened so as to be precisely perpendicular to the upper surface of the base 12. The surface where the support 14 and the reference plate 16 come into contact is also flattened with high precision, so that the reference surface 17 is maintained precisely perpendicular to the upper surface of the base 12 no matter which surface of the support 14 the reference plate 16 comes into contact with.

[0015] The clamp plate 18 is arranged so that the two support posts are sandwiched between the reference plate 16 and the clamp plate 18. A reinforcing plate 48 is fixed to the surface of the reference plate 16 opposite the reference surface 17. This prevents bending of the reference plate 16 and increases its strength. The reinforcing plate 48 is arranged so that it is sandwiched between the support posts 14. Furthermore, the tips of two clamp pins 20 that penetrate the clamp plate 18 are fixed to the reinforcing plate 48. Springs 22 are fitted into the clamp pins 20, providing elasticity that presses the clamp plate 18 against the support posts 14. This constitutes an elastic mechanism that uses elastic force to press the reference plate 16 against the two support posts 14 to position it. This structure has the advantage that the elasticity can be easily adjusted and that excessive force is not applied when moving the reference plate 16 up and down.

[0016] The height of the reference plate 16 must be adjusted according to the shape of the wood 36. Furthermore, if the reference plate 16 is not lowered when the saw 34 is cutting the wood 36, the force with which the reference plate 16 holds the saw 34 vertically by suction will decrease. Even if the reference plate 16 is moved up and down, the reference surface 17 must always be on the same plane. By providing an elastic mechanism that uses elastic force to press the reference plate 16 against the two support posts 14 and move it up and down along the support posts 14, the required positional accuracy can always be maintained.

[0017] As shown in Figure 1(b), magnets 32 that attract the flat side of a sawtooth 34 are embedded in the reference surface 17 of the reference plate 16. The attractive force of the sawtooth 34 is set to an optimum value depending on the number of magnets 32 and the embedding depth. If the attractive force is too strong, it will be difficult to move the sawtooth 34, and if the attractive force is too weak, the flat surface of the sawtooth 34 will separate from the reference surface 17 when the sawtooth 34 is moved; it is best to determine the optimum value through experimentation. We also attempted a structure in which the sawtooth 34 is pressed against the reference surface 17 using a spring or the like, but it was difficult to apply an appropriate pressing force evenly across the entire reference surface 17, and this was not practical.

[0018] A spacer 26 is also disposed on the reference surface 17 to limit the upward movement of the upper edge of the saw blade 34. The saw blade 34 includes a handle 42 and a saw blade 40. The flat side surface of the saw blade 34 refers to the surface excluding the blade length 44 of the saw blade 40. The blade length 44 is thicker and not flat than the other parts of the saw blade 40. If this portion touches the reference surface 17, a gap will form between the flat side surface of the saw blade 34 and the reference surface 17, causing the saw blade 34 to tilt. Therefore, the spacer 26 serves to prevent the upper edge of the saw blade 34 from moving upward.

[0019] As shown in FIG. 1(a), if the width S of the reference surface 17 below the spacer 26 is shorter than the width W from the upper edge of the sawtooth 34 to the blade length 44, the part of the side of the sawtooth 34 other than the flat surface will not come into contact with the reference surface 17.

[0020] Furthermore, a back plate 28 is provided to sandwich the reference surface 17 and the spacer 26, creating a space for the saw blade to move. This is to prevent the flat surface on the side of the sawtooth 34 from separating from the reference surface 17 due to the impact when the upper edge of the sawtooth 34 hits the spacer 26. The effect will be explained in more detail using Figure 6.

[0021] Figure 2 shows an exploded view of the main components of the device of the present invention. Several circular magnets 32 are embedded in the reference plate 16. If the reference plate 16 is made of wood, holes for embedding the magnets 32 can be drilled and the magnets 32 can be secured in place with adhesive or other suitable means. If the reference plate 16 is strong enough, there is no need to use a reinforcing plate 48; that is, the clamp plate 18 is passed through. The tips of the clamp pins 20 can be secured directly to the reference plate 16 with nuts 24 or similar. Although various other structures have been tried, this structure is considered the best design, allowing the reference plate 16 to be freely positioned and move up and down while maintaining high precision.

[0022] The spacer 26 is selected to be optimal depending on the thickness of the saw blade 40 of the saw 34. Therefore, it is preferable to make the spacer 26 replaceable, for example by screwing it to the reinforcing plate 48. The back plate 28 is fixed to the reference plate 16 with the spacer 26 sandwiched between them. When cutting wood 36 with the saw 34, the wood 36 often has a scribed line drawn in advance at the part to be cut. The back plate 28 has a viewing groove 30 in an appropriate place.

[0023] The scribed line can be viewed directly through this viewing groove 30, and it can be confirmed whether the blade length 44 of the saw 34 is directly above the line. This viewing groove 30 may be provided on the reference plate 16 side. Note that the back plate 28 does not come into direct contact with the saw 34, so processing precision is not required. Therefore, for example, a transparent plastic plate may be used. If it is transparent, it is possible to view the scribed line on the wood 36 directly from the back plate 28 side.

[0024] In Figure 3, the saw 34 is shown gradually lowering the spacer 26 along the support 14 from top to bottom along with the reference plate 16 as it cuts. In any state, the saw blade 44 does not come into contact with the reference plate 16. The flat side of the saw head 40 always moves along the vertical plane set by the reference surface 17 of the reference plate 16. Furthermore, the saw blade 44 can be kept parallel to the top surface of the wood 36 from start to finish. This allows for cutting operations that are completely free of chipping, which often occurs at the beginning and end of a cut. This is an extremely useful effect when cutting soft woods such as cedar boards.

[0025] FIG. 4 shows a top view of a saw 34 being used to cut a piece of wood 36. By fixing the piece of wood 36 on the base 12 and aligning it with the positioning block 50, the cutting surface of the piece of wood 36 can be positioned vertically and horizontally. In other words, the piece of wood 36 can be cut at a right angle when viewed from above and from the side. If the piece of wood 36 can be placed on the base 12 at a 45-degree angle, for example, a cutting surface at a 45-degree angle can be created. Using various auxiliary stands to support the piece of wood 36 on the base 12 makes it possible to freely and accurately cut the piece of wood 36 at various angles.

[0026] 5 shows how the saw blade 40 of the saw 34 is positioned in the gap formed between the reference plate 16 and the back plate 28. That is, as shown in the figure, the flat side of the saw blade 40 is in close contact with the reference surface 17 of the reference plate 16, and the wood 36 is cut in this state. At this time, a small gap is formed between the saw blade 40 and the back plate 28, which does not interfere with the operation of the saw blade 40. Furthermore, when the saw blade 40 collides with the spacer 26, the back plate 28 can prevent it from recoiling and coming off the reference surface 17 of the reference plate 16.

[0027] Using the drawing in Figure 6, we will explain why the device of the present invention can cut wood with extremely high precision. Figure (a) is a side view of the saw 34. As explained above, the saw 34 has a handle 42 and a saw head 40, and a cutting edge 44 is formed at the lower edge of the saw head 40. Here, we will explain the case where a piece of wood 36 is cut using the saw 34. Figure (b) is a cross-sectional view of the saw head 40 while cutting the piece of wood 36. Generally, the saw head 40 is thicker at the cutting edge 44. Because the saw 34 has this cross-sectional structure, when cutting wood 36 with the saw 34, the saw head 40 can be moved without resistance while cutting.

[0028] While the gap between the saw head 40 and the wood 36 plays an important role, anyone will experience the tendency for the cut surface to become slightly curved as they continue to cut. If, as shown in (c), a vertical partition 52 is placed on top of the wood 36 and the saw head 40 of the saw 34 is supported while cutting, a more stable cut surface can be obtained. This is a method introduced in Patent Document 1.

[0029] However, the blade length 44 hits the side of the partition 52, causing the saw head 40 to tilt slightly. This tilt is usually negligible. However, the precision machining jig of the present invention is used for applications requiring high precision where such tilting is not permitted. Figure (d) shows the saw guide described in Patent Document 2, in which the saw head 40 is sandwiched between two slits. A sufficiently narrow slit improves precision. However, when cutting wood 36, the saw head 40 of the saw 34 is subjected to alternating pulling and pushing forces. Because the saw head 40 swings sideways, a sufficiently wide slit is necessary to move it, making it difficult to cut the wood 36. Ultimately, the saw head 40 tilts within the slit, as shown in the figure, preventing a vertical cut surface from being obtained with sufficient precision.

[0030] Illustrated in (e) is the operation of the precision machining jig of the present invention, which solves this problem. As shown in the figure, a magnet 32 ​​is embedded in the reference plate 16, and the saw blade 40 of the saw 34 has its flat surface in close contact with the reference surface 17 of the reference plate 16. When the saw 34 is moved in this state, the saw blade 40 remains in close contact with the reference surface 17 and can only move in a direction parallel to the reference surface 17. This allows the blade 44 to cut vertically from the start to the end of the cut on the wood 36 placed below it. Furthermore, the saw blade 44 can be cut without lateral vibration, maintaining its blade 44 parallel to the top surface of the wood 36.

[0031] For example, if the thickness of the saw blade 40 of the saw 34 used to cut the wood 36 is 0.5 mm, the thickness of the blade 44 is approximately 0.7 mm. The width of the saw blade 40 is approximately 5 cm. The width of the groove created when cutting the wood 36 shown in Figure 6(b) is approximately 0.9 mm. If the depth of the groove is 3 cm, when the saw blade 40 tilts in this groove during cutting, it will tilt by a maximum of 0.45 mm over 3 cm.

[0032] Even in the case of (c), there is a 0.1 mm tilt over 3 cm. The same is true for (d). With the precision machining jig of the present invention, cutting is possible with a tilt of less than 0.01 mm per cm, and less than 0.03 mm over 3 cm. The work shown in Figure 8 is 1 cm thick and 8 cm in diameter. If the joining surface is tilted by even 0.1 mm per cm, gaps will appear in various places, resulting in an irregular shape. Using the method described using (e), there is almost no tilting of the cut surface.

[0033] Figure 1(f) shows a situation in which the saw head 40 suddenly climbs over the spacer 26 above the saw 34 while it is in operation. If the saw 34 is 0.5 mm thick, the spacer 26 is approximately 1 mm thick. Therefore, there is a risk that the saw head 40 will jump over it due to momentum during use. Therefore, this problem is solved by sandwiching the spacer 26 between the reference plate 16 and the back plate 28. As is clear from this drawing, the back plate 28 is not in contact with the saw head 40. Therefore, the saw head 40 does not come into contact with the back plate 28 through this gap, and there is no resistance when using the saw 34. [Example]

[0034] As already explained, when cutting through the wood 36 with the saw 34, it may be necessary to gradually lower the reference plate 16 from above. Figure 7 shows an example of a mechanism for vertically moving the reinforcing plate 48 (Figure 1) used to reinforce the reference plate 16. As shown in Figure 7, a top plate 60 is fixed to the top of the support 14. A dial nut 62 is loosely fitted in the center of this top plate 60 so that it can rotate freely. This has a female threaded hole in the center into which a bolt 64 can be screwed. The bolt 64 is fixed to the top of the reinforcing plate 48. By rotating the dial nut 62 in this state, the reinforcing plate 48 can be easily moved vertically up and down.

[0035] If the dial nut 62 is loosely fitted to the top plate 60, moving the reinforcing plate 48 up and down will not apply unnecessary force to the reference plate 16 fixed to the reinforcing plate 48. In other words, the reference plate 16 can be moved up and down while being pressed against the support 14 by the above-mentioned elastic mechanism. If the elastic force of the elastic mechanism is appropriate, the reference plate 16 will not move when you operate the saw 34, but it is possible to grasp the reference plate 16 with both hands and move it straight up and down by hand. The advantage of the mechanism for moving the reference plate 16 up and down in this embodiment is that it can be operated with one hand without applying force. With the above configuration, the wood 36 can be cut easily and accurately with the required precision. [Explanation of symbols]

[0036] 12 Foundation 14 Posts 16 Reference Plate 17 Reference plane 18 Clamp plate 20 Clamp pin 22 Spring 24 Nut 26 Spacer 28 Backboard 30 Transparent groove 32 Magnet 34 Saw 36 Wood 38 Guide plate 40 Saw Body 42 patterns 44 Blade length 48 Reinforcement plate 50 Positioning Block 52 Folding screen 54 Saw Guide 60 Top Plate 62 Dial Nut 64 volts

Claims

1. A base on which the wood to be processed is placed, Two supports are erected on the top of this base, a reference plate having one surface that is in close contact with the two support posts and the other surface that has a reference surface; a resilient mechanism for pressing the reference plate against the two support posts by resilience to position the reference plate; The reference plane is a plane perpendicular to the top surface of the base, and has a magnet embedded in it that attracts the flat side of the saw. a spacer is further disposed on the reference surface to limit upward movement of the upper edge of the saw; This jig for precision woodworking is characterized by having a back plate that sandwiches a reference surface and a spacer to form a movement space for the saw blade of the saw.

2. 2. A jig for precision wood processing as described in claim 1, characterized in that a clamp plate is arranged so as to sandwich two supports between the reference plate and the clamp plate, the tips of two clamp pins that pass through the clamp plate are fixed to the reference plate directly or via a reinforcing plate of the reference plate, springs are fitted into the clamp pins, and the elastic mechanism of this structure applies elastic force so as to press the one surface of the reference plate against the supports.

Images