Spectacle lenses, spectacle lens manufacturing method, spectacle lens design method, eyeglasses and spectacle lens manufacturing method

Abstract

Provided is a spectacle lens comprising a functional region having: a base region that causes a luminous flux having entered from the surface on the object side to be emitted from the surface on the eyeball side, to enter the pupil of a wearer, and to be converged on the retina; and an epiretinal non-convergent region that causes the luminous flux having entered from the surface on the object side to be emitted from the surface of the eyeball side and does not cause the luminous flux having entered the pupil of the wearer to be converged on the retina. At least a part of the epiretinal non-convergent region is a buffer region in which a local negative astigmatism generated by the spherical aberration of the eye can be offset at a partial portion of the distribution of the astigmatism, and every surface shape of the buffer region is a toric surface having an axial direction in the circumferential direction and is a long shape along the circumferential direction in a plan view. Also provided is a technology pertaining to the spectacle lens.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a spectacle lens, a method for manufacturing a spectacle lens, a method for designing a spectacle lens, spectacles, and a method for manufacturing spectacles. [Background technology]

[0002] As a spectacle lens for suppressing the progression of refractive errors such as myopia, there is a lens having a plurality of island-like regions (in other words, "second refractive regions" or "micro-convex portions") formed thereon, each having a refractive power that is more positive than the prescribed refractive power (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In Patent Document 1, the region that provides the prescribed refractive power is referred to as the first refractive region. This first refractive region is also referred to as the base region.

[0003] With this type of eyeglass lens, of the light beams that enter from the object-side surface and exit from the eyeball-side surface, the light beams that pass through areas other than the micro-convex portions are focused on the wearer's retina, but the light beams that pass through the micro-convex portions are focused at a position closer to the retina, thereby suppressing the progression of myopia.

[0004]

[0094] of Patent Document 2 describes that by changing the minute convex portions to concave portions, a spectacle lens having a function of inhibiting the progression of hyperopia can be obtained. In this specification, the above-mentioned myopia progression inhibiting effect and hyperopia progression inhibiting effect (more precisely, hyperopia reduction effect) are collectively referred to as refractive error progression inhibiting or reducing effect. Hereinafter, the myopia progression inhibiting effect will be exemplified.

[0005] On pages 20 and 21 of Patent Document 3, it is stated that by increasing or decreasing the refractive power and cylindrical power of the minute convex portion asymmetrically to different degrees in the circumferential direction from the center to the periphery in accordance with the asymmetry of the peripheral part of the retina, it is possible to obtain a spectacle lens that has a high effect of inhibiting the progression of myopia. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2017 / 0131567 [Patent Document 2] WO2020 / 067028 issue [Patent Document 3] WO2019 / 166653 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] The human eye has spherical aberration. There are various factors that cause spherical aberration, such as the cornea and the lens, but for ease of explanation, hereafter it will be simply referred to as "spherical aberration of the eye." Even if the surface shape of the minute convex portions described in Patent Document 1 were spherical, it would be difficult to focus due to the spherical aberration of the eye. This effect also appears near the center of the retina, which is not addressed in Patent Document 3.

[0008] One embodiment of the present invention provides a spectacle lens and related technology that can reduce the influence of spherical aberration of the eye on the effect of suppressing or reducing the progression of refractive error. Another embodiment of the present invention provides a spectacle lens and related art that can exert the same effect of suppressing or reducing the progression of refractive error regardless of the amount of spherical aberration of the eye. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] A first aspect of the present invention is a base region that causes a light beam incident from the object-side surface to exit from the eyeball-side surface, enter the wearer's pupil, and converge on the retina; a retinal non-convergence region that allows a light beam incident from the object-side surface to exit from the eyeball-side surface, while preventing a light beam incident into the wearer's pupil from converging onto the retina; a functional area having At least a portion of the retinal non-convergence region is a buffer region capable of offsetting local negative astigmatism caused by spherical aberration of the eye at a portion of the distribution of the astigmatism, The surface shape of each of the buffer regions is a toric surface having an axial direction in the circumferential direction, and is elongated along the circumferential direction in a plan view.

[0010] A second aspect of the present invention is In a planar view of the functional area, all of the non-convergence areas on the retina within a band-shaped area consisting of a collection of circles with a diameter of 4 mm, the centers of which pass through at least one predetermined range of diameter extending from the center of the lens, are the buffer area, The eyeglass lens according to the first aspect, wherein at least three buffer regions are dispersedly arranged within any circle having a diameter of 4 mm within the band-shaped region.

[0011] A third aspect of the present invention is In the second aspect of the eyeglass lens, the dispersion of the buffer regions is such that a first distance, which is the length of a line segment connecting the centers of the two buffer regions, and a second distance, which is the distance between the center of another buffer region closest to the first line segment and whose center is on the normal to the first line segment, and the first line segment, are both less than 2 mm.

[0012] A fourth aspect of the present invention is The spectacle lens according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the absolute value of the astigmatism provided in the buffer region is 0.25 to 0.50D.

[0013] A fifth aspect of the present invention is In the spectacle lens according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the retinal non-convergence region has a shape that protrudes from the base region.

[0014] A sixth aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: The spectacle lens according to the fifth aspect, wherein the protruding distance of the retinal non-convergence area from the base area is greater than 1.00 μm.

[0015] A seventh aspect of the present invention is The retinal non-convergence area includes at least retinal non-convergence areas A1 and B1, At least the retinal non-convergence area B1 is a buffer area, In a planar view, the non-convergence area A1 on the retina near the center of the lens compared to , the non-convergence area B1 on the retina away from the lens center teeth The spectacle lens according to any one of the first to sixth aspects has a shape that is elongated along the circumferential direction.

[0016] An eighth aspect of the present invention is The spectacle lens is one according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein, of the retinal non-convergence areas on each circumference, there are two straight lines that have the relationship that the absolute value of the astigmatism of the retinal non-convergence area on a straight line passing through the center of the lens is large, and the absolute value of the astigmatism of the retinal non-convergence area on a straight line that is perpendicular to the first straight line and also passes through the center of the lens is small.

[0017] A ninth aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: An eyeglass lens according to an eighth aspect, wherein a mark is provided on the eyeglass lens to provide information that the value of astigmatism varies depending on the circumferential position in each of the buffer regions.

[0018] A tenth aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: The eyeglass lens comprises a lens substrate and a laminated film provided so as to cover the lens substrate, The lens substrate is a substrate first refractive region that serves as a base for the base region; a base second refractive region that serves as the basis for the retinal non-convergence region; and The spectacle lens according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, wherein the surface shape of the substrate second refractive region that forms the basis of the buffer region is a toric surface having an axial direction in the circumferential direction and has an elongated shape along the circumferential direction in a plan view.

[0019] An eleventh aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: In a plan view of the lens substrate, the surface shape of the substrate second refractive region within a band-like region consisting of a collection of circles with a diameter of 4 mm, the centers of the circles passing through at least one predetermined range of diameter extending from the center of the lens, is a toric surface having an axial direction in the circumferential direction, and is an elongated shape along the circumferential direction in the plan view, The spectacle lens according to the tenth aspect, wherein at least three second refractive regions of the substrate are disposed in a dispersed manner within any circle having a diameter of 4 mm within the band-like region.

[0020] A twelfth aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: The spectacle lens according to the eleventh aspect, wherein the dispersion of the second refractive region is such that a third interval, which is the length of a line segment connecting the centers of the two substrate second refractive regions, and a fourth interval, which is the distance between the line segment and the center of another substrate second refractive region that is closest to the line segment and whose center is on the normal to the line segment, are both less than 2 mm.

[0021] A thirteenth aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: The second refractive region of the substrate that forms the non-convergence region on the retina includes at least the second refractive regions a1 and b1, At least the substrate second refractive region b1 is the base of the buffer region, The spectacle lens is described in any one of the tenth to twelfth aspects, wherein, in a plan view, the substrate second refractive region b1, which is farther from the lens center, has a shape that is elongated along the circumferential direction compared to the substrate second refractive region a1, which is closer to the lens center.

[0022] A fourteenth aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: In the spectacle lens according to any one of the tenth to thirteenth aspects, the substrate second refractive region has a shape that protrudes from the substrate first refractive region.

[0023] A fifteenth aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: the substrate second refractive region, First refractive region of substrate The spectacle lens according to the fourteenth aspect, wherein the protruding distance from the surface is greater than 1.00 μm.

[0024] A sixteenth aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: The eyeglass lens according to any one of the tenth to fifteenth aspects, wherein the thickness of at least one of the laminated films is unevenly distributed around the periphery of the second refractive region of the substrate, and the value of astigmatism varies depending on the circumferential position in each of the buffer regions on each circumference.

[0025] A seventeenth aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: The spectacle lens according to any one of the tenth to fifteenth aspects has a central clear area surrounded by the annular functional area.

[0026] An eighteenth aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: In the eyeglass lens according to the seventeenth aspect, the center of the central clear area is at the geometric center of the lens.

[0027] A nineteenth aspect of the present invention is a method for producing a medicament for a medicament comprising: In the spectacle lens according to a seventeenth aspect, the center of the central clear area is shifted toward the nose side relative to the geometric center of the lens.

[0028] A twentieth aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: a base region that causes a light beam incident from the object-side surface to exit from the eyeball-side surface, enter the wearer's pupil, and converge on the retina; a retinal non-convergence region that allows a light beam incident from the object-side surface to exit from the eyeball-side surface, while preventing a light beam incident into the wearer's pupil from converging onto the retina; A method for manufacturing a spectacle lens having a functional area having At least a portion of the retinal non-convergence region is a buffer region that offsets local negative astigmatism caused by spherical aberration of the eye at a portion of the distribution of the astigmatism, The spectacle lens comprises at least a lens substrate, The lens substrate is a substrate first refractive region that serves as a base for the base region; a base second refractive region that serves as the basis for the retinal non-convergence region; and a lathe processing step of lathing the mold so that the surface shape of the substrate second refraction region that forms the base of the buffer region is a toric surface having an axial direction in the circumferential direction and has an elongated shape along the circumferential direction in a plan view; a molding step of molding the lens substrate using the mold after lathe processing; The method for manufacturing a spectacle lens includes the steps of:

[0029] A 21st aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: A method for manufacturing a spectacle lens according to a twentieth aspect, wherein the lathe machining step is performed on the mold so that, in a plan view of the lens substrate, the surface shapes of the substrate second refractive regions within a band-like region consisting of a collection of circles with a diameter of 4 mm, the centers of the circles passing through at least one predetermined radial range extending from the center of the lens, are all toric surfaces with axial directions in the circumferential direction and have elongated shapes along the circumferential direction in a plan view, and so that at least three substrate second refractive regions are each dispersedly arranged within any circle with a diameter of 4 mm within the band-like region.

[0030] A 22nd aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: A twenty-first aspect is a method for manufacturing a spectacle lens, wherein the dispersion of the second refractive region is such that a third interval, which is the length of a line segment connecting the centers of the two second refractive regions of the substrate, and a fourth interval, which is the distance between the line segment and the center of another second refractive region of the substrate that is closest to the line segment and has its center on the normal to the line segment, are both less than 2 mm.

[0031] A 23rd aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: The second refractive region of the substrate that forms the non-convergence region on the retina includes at least the second refractive regions a1 and b1, At least the substrate second refractive region b1 is the base of the buffer region, This is a method for manufacturing eyeglass lenses according to any one of the 20th to 22nd aspects, wherein when lathing a mold to form the lens substrate, the lathing step is performed to lathe the mold so that, in a plan view, the substrate second refractive region b1, which is farther from the lens center, has a longer shape along the circumferential direction than the substrate second refractive region a1, which is closer to the lens center.

[0032] A 24th aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: This is a method for manufacturing a spectacle lens according to any one of the 20th to 23rd aspects, wherein in the lathe processing step, a portion of the mold corresponding to the substrate second refractive region is recessed more than a portion corresponding to the substrate first refractive region, so that the substrate second refractive region has a shape that protrudes from the substrate first refractive region.

[0033] A 25th aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: A method for manufacturing a spectacle lens according to a twenty-fourth aspect, wherein the recess distance is greater than 1.00 μm.

[0034] A 26th aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: The method further includes a lamination step of providing a laminated film so as to cover the lens substrate obtained using the mold after lathing, A method for manufacturing a spectacle lens according to any one of the twentieth to twenty-fifth aspects, wherein at least one of the laminated films is formed by a dipping method, so that the thickness of the film is unevenly distributed around the periphery of the second refractive region of the substrate, and the value of astigmatism varies depending on the circumferential position in each of the buffer regions.

[0035] A 27th aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: A method for manufacturing a spectacle lens according to the 26th aspect, in which, of the retinal non-convergence areas on each circumference, there are two straight lines that have the relationship that the absolute value of the astigmatism of the retinal non-convergence area on a straight line passing through the lens center is large, and the absolute value of the astigmatism of the retinal non-convergence area on a straight line that is perpendicular to the straight line and also passes through the lens center is small.

[0036] A 28th aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: A method for manufacturing a spectacle lens according to a 27th aspect, further comprising a marking step of providing a mark on the spectacle lens that indicates information that the value of astigmatism varies depending on the circumferential position in each of the buffer regions.

[0037] A 29th aspect of the present invention is a method for producing a medicament for use in a pharmaceutical composition comprising: A pair of glasses in which the spectacle lens according to any one of the first to nineteenth aspects is fitted into a frame.

[0038] A 30th aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: This is a method for manufacturing eyeglasses, in which the orientation of the eyeglass lenses is determined using the marks on the eyeglass lenses according to the ninth aspect as guides depending on the magnitude of spherical aberration of the wearer's eye, and then the eyeglass lenses are fitted into the frames.

[0039] A 31st aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: V is the absolute value of the difference between the astigmatism of light incident on the upper part of the retina and the astigmatism of light incident on the lower part of the retina when the wearer of the eyeglass lenses is wearing their naked eyes, When the wearer wears the eyeglass lenses, the absolute value of the difference between the astigmatism of light that passes through the non-convergence area on the retina and is incident on the upper part of the retina and the astigmatism of light that is incident on the lower part of the retina is V'. A method for designing a spectacle lens, which determines the framing direction of the spectacle lens according to any one of the first to nineteenth aspects so that V' is larger than V.

[0040] A 32nd aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: A method for manufacturing eyeglasses, comprising framing the eyeglass lenses according to the orientation determined by the design method according to the thirty-first aspect.

[0041] It is preferable that the size of the non-convergence area on the retina satisfies the following requirements. Focus is placed on the relative power of the retinal non-convergence area with respect to the base area. The absolute value of this relative power is designated as L (unit: D). When the retinal non-convergence area is long in the circumferential direction, an astigmatism of 0.25 to 0.50 D can be imparted by setting the ratio M of the length of the long side (the length in the circumferential direction in a planar view) to the length of the short side (the length in the radial direction in a planar view) of the retinal non-convergence area 3a to satisfy the following formula: 0.25 <L-L / M 2 <0.50 It is likely that L will be between 3.00 and 5.00D, in which case M will be around 1.025 to 1.085. [Effects of the Invention]

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the influence of spherical aberration of the eye on the effect of suppressing or reducing the progression of refractive error. In another embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to achieve the same effect of suppressing or reducing the progression of refractive error regardless of the amount of spherical aberration of the eye. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0043] [Figure 1A] FIG. 1A is a wavefront map of a typical eye with spherical aberration. [Figure 1B] FIG. 1B shows the negative local astigmatism shown by the hatched arrows in comparison to FIG. 1A. [Figure 1C] FIG. 1C is a diagram showing the distribution of absolute values ​​of astigmatism (vertical axis) in a horizontal cross section passing through the center of the eye (distance from the center is indicated by symbol H: horizontal axis). [Figure 2A] FIG. 2A is a graph assuming a pupil with zero spherical aberration and a second refractive region with no aberration (spherical), in which the vertical axis represents the VSOTF (Visual Strehl ratio based on OTF) and the horizontal axis represents the amount of defocus (unit: D (diopter), zero represents the retinal position). [Figure 2B] FIG. 2B is a graph similar to FIG. 2A, and is a graph when a pupil with an absolute value of spherical aberration of 0.080 μm and a second refractive region (spherical shape) with no aberration are assumed. [Figure 2C] FIG. 2C is a graph similar to FIG. 2A, and is a graph when a pupil with an absolute value of spherical aberration of 0.080 μm and a second refractive region with aberration are assumed. [Figure 3A] FIG. 3A is a diagram comparing the size of the eyeglass lens (right diagram) and the size of the pupil (lower left diagram) in FIG. 2C, and is an explanatory diagram in which the axial direction of the astigmatism provided in each second refractive region is indicated by a white arrow. [Figure 3B] FIG. 3B is an explanatory diagram (left diagram) of the eyeglass lens shown in FIG. 2C, and an enlarged explanatory diagram (right diagram) showing the axial direction of astigmatism (white arrow) provided in each second refractive region of the eyeglass lens shown in FIG. 2C and the axial direction of astigmatism (hatched arrow) of the eye. [Figure 4A] FIG. 4A is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of the second refractive region that satisfies the dispersion requirement defined in one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4B] FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of the second refractive region that does not satisfy the dispersion requirement defined in one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5A] FIG. 5A is the same as the right diagram of FIG. 3A, and is an explanatory diagram in which the axial direction of the astigmatism provided in each second refractive region is indicated by a white arrow. [Figure 5B] FIG. 5B is an explanatory diagram in which the axial direction of astigmatism provided in each substrate second refractive region by employing the dipping method is indicated by a hollow arrow. [Figure 5C] FIG. 5C is an explanatory diagram showing the axial direction of astigmatism provided in each second refractive region by forming a film on the eyeglass lens according to FIG. 5A using a dipping method, and the length of the arrow indicates the amount of astigmatism. [Figure 6A] FIG. 6A is the same as the right diagram of FIG. 3A, and is an explanatory diagram in which arrows indicate positions through which the line of sight frequently passes when wearing the eyeglass lenses. [Figure 6B] FIG. 6B is the same as FIG. 5C, and is an explanatory diagram showing how the orientation of the eyeglass lens is determined so that a buffer area where astigmatism is maximized is located at a position where the line of sight frequently passes, in order to accommodate a child whose eye has an absolute spherical aberration of 0.080 μm. [Figure 6C]FIG. 6C is an explanatory diagram showing how the orientation of the eyeglass lens is determined so that the second refractive region with zero astigmatism is located at a position where the line of sight frequently passes, in order to accommodate children with zero spherical aberration of the eye. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the definition of the boundary between the functional region and the central clear region, and is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the definition of the boundary between the functional region and the outer clear region. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0044] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is given by way of example only, and the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments.

[0045] The spectacle lenses mentioned in this specification have an object-side surface and an eyeball-side surface. The "object-side surface" is the surface that is located on the object side when a wearer wears spectacles equipped with the spectacle lens, and the "eyeball-side surface" is the opposite, i.e., the surface that is located on the eyeball side when a wearer wears spectacles equipped with the spectacle lens. This relationship also applies to the lens substrate that forms the basis of the spectacle lens. In other words, the lens substrate also has an object-side surface and an eyeball-side surface.

[0046] In this specification, the horizontal direction when the eyeglass lens is worn is defined as the X direction, the vertical (up and down) direction as the Y direction, and the thickness direction of the eyeglass lens, which is perpendicular to the X and Y directions, as the Z direction. The Z direction is also the optical axis direction of the eyeglass lens. The origin is the lens center. The lens center refers to the optical center or geometric center of the eyeglass lens. In this specification, an example is given in which the optical center and the geometric center approximately coincide. Facing the wearer, the right (3 o'clock direction) is the +X direction, the left (9 o'clock direction) is the -X direction, the top (0 o'clock direction) is the +Y direction, the bottom (6 o'clock direction) is the -Y direction, the object side is the -Z direction, and the opposite direction (toward the back) is the +Z direction. In this specification, "planar view" refers to the state when viewed from the -Z direction to the +Z direction. The defocus power described below also follows this sign in the Z direction. Each drawing in the present application illustrates a right-eye lens as viewed in plan, with the nose side direction when the right-eye lens is worn being the +X direction and the ear side direction being the -X direction. In addition, if the functional area is provided only on the outermost surface on the eyeball side, the state when viewed from the -Z direction to the +Z direction may be considered as the planar view. Hereinafter, when discussing "positions" such as the eye point and geometric center of a spectacle lens, they refer to positions in a planar view unless otherwise specified.

[0047] In this specification, "to" indicates a value greater than or equal to a predetermined value and less than or equal to a predetermined value. Symbols will be added hereinafter, but only the first item will be given a symbol, and subsequent symbols will be omitted.

[0048] <Findings leading to the present invention> The inventors have studied the spherical aberration of the eye. FIG. 1A is a wavefront map of a typical eye with spherical aberration. FIG. 1B shows the negative local astigmatism shown by the hatched arrows in comparison to FIG. 1A. The up-down direction is the vertical direction, and the left-right direction is the horizontal direction. The wavefront map has a diameter of 4 mm, which assumes a typical pupil diameter. The darker the color in the map, the more delayed the wavefront. The areas in the map where the color changes quadratically indicate localized power in the radial direction. In other words, the eye shown in Figure 1A has localized negative astigmatism, as indicated by the hatched arrow in Figure 1B.

[0049] In this specification, the absolute value of the spherical aberration is assumed to be 0.080 μm for the following reasons.

[0050] Spherical aberration in pediatric eyes has been reported in the following publications (particularly Figure 4): "Athaide HV, Campos M, Costa C. Study of ocular aberrations with age. Arq BrasOftalmol. 2009 Sep-Oct;72(5):617-21. doi: 10.1590 / s0004-27492009000500003. PMID:20027396." According to the above literature, the spherical aberration of children's eyes ranges from -0.08 to +0.12 μm in the interquartile range. The results in the above literature are measurements taken with a pupil diameter of 6.5 mm, which is a dilated pupil, and must be converted to a typical pupil diameter of 4 mm. Furthermore, pupil diameter and spherical aberration are roughly proportional. Therefore, with a pupil diameter of 4 mm, the spherical aberration of children's eyes is estimated to be between -0.05 and +0.08 μm in the interquartile range. This is the interquartile range, and children with spherical aberration greater than +0.08 μm and children with spherical aberration less than -0.05 μm account for the remainder of the interquartile range (i.e., half of the population). In other words, nearly half of the children have an absolute spherical aberration greater than 0.08 μm. For the above reasons, the absolute value of the spherical aberration is assumed to be 0.080 μm in this specification.

[0051] FIG. 1C is a diagram showing the distribution of absolute values ​​of astigmatism (vertical axis) in a horizontal cross section passing through the center of the eye (distance from the center is indicated by symbol H: horizontal axis). 1C, astigmatism of about 0.25 to 0.50 D (unit: diopter) occurs near the outer edge of the eye. Theoretically, if the second refractive region can offset this level of astigmatism, the problem of difficulty in focusing can be solved.

[0052] On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1B, local astigmatism has an axial direction along the radial direction of the eye. In other words, local astigmatism does not have a uniform axial direction. In this specification, "axial direction" refers to the direction of maximum or minimum refractive power in a 360° azimuth from a given position. In this specification, "axial direction" refers to the direction of maximum refractive power in the case of positive astigmatism, and refers to the direction of minimum refractive power in the case of negative astigmatism. However, in this specification, the sign of astigmatism is omitted in some qualitative discussions where it is not important whether it refers to maximum or minimum. Furthermore, when it is stated that astigmatism is increasing, it means that the absolute value of the amount of astigmatism is increasing.

[0053] The present inventors have investigated a configuration for canceling local astigmatism of the eye, and have conducted various tests prior to the investigation.

[0054] FIG. 2A is a graph assuming a pupil with zero spherical aberration and a second refractive region with no aberration (spherical), in which the vertical axis represents the VSOTF (Visual Strehl ratio based on OTF) and the horizontal axis represents the amount of defocus (unit: D (diopter), zero represents the retinal position). In this specification, the amount of defocus on the horizontal axis means the front side of the retina (the side of the object being viewed) when negative, and the back side of the retina when positive.

[0055] VSOTF is a scalar quantity that takes into account contrast sensitivity characteristics thought to be due to the retinal structure or nervous system. VSOTF is the sum of the real parts of OTF weighted to take into account the sensitivity characteristics of the eye for each spatial frequency. The specific formula is as follows:

number

[0056] OTF is one of the measures used to evaluate lens performance, and is a complex-valued index that expresses the degree to which the contrast of an object viewed can be faithfully reproduced on the image plane as a spatial frequency characteristic. A large absolute value of OTF indicates high contrast perceived by the wearer when viewing an object through the lens, while a small OTF deviation angle indicates small image position deviation. A large value of VSOTF, which is the weighted sum of OTF, indicates less blur and bleeding of the image and a high energy concentration.

[0057] VSOTF is described in the following literature: "Thibos LN, Hong X, Bradley A, Applegate RA. Accuracy and precision of objective refraction from wavefront aberrations. J Vis. 2004 Apr 23;4(4):329-51." and will not be described here.

[0058] FIG. 2B is a graph similar to FIG. 2A, and is a graph when a pupil with an absolute value of spherical aberration of 0.080 μm and a second refractive region (spherical shape) with no aberration are assumed.

[0059] As shown in Figure 2A, the contrast reaches its maximum value when the horizontal axis (defocus amount) is zero, due to the first refractive region (base region). The contrast reaches its local maximum when the horizontal axis (defocus amount) is near -4.0D, due to the second refractive region. When the spectacle lens wearer senses the light concentration that produces this maximum contrast, the increase in eyeball length is suppressed, which leads to the suppression of myopia progression. The first refractive region (base region) can be a region that has a prescribed refractive power.

[0060] On the other hand, according to the Weber-Fechner law, the wearer perceives light concentration relatively. What is important is not the absolute value of the maximum contrast, but the difference between the maximum value of contrast due to the second refractive region and the low contrast (minimum value) between the maximum and the minimum value. The arrow in the figure indicates this difference, which will hereafter be referred to as the "contrast ratio." In each diagram in Figure 2, the contrast ratio is expressed as the maximum value / minimum value value.

[0061] As shown in FIG. 2B, the contrast ratio is reduced compared to FIG. 2A due to spherical aberration in the eye.

[0062] However, as shown in FIG. 1B, local astigmatism has an axial direction along the radial direction of the eye. In other words, local astigmatism does not have a single axial direction (e.g., horizontal direction). Even if the second refractive region is provided with astigmatism in one axial direction, it is not possible to cancel all of the local astigmatism of the eye, and even if it can be canceled, it will only be partially. To give a specific example, even if the second refractive region is uniformly provided with astigmatism with an axial direction toward the right of the wearer, it will only cancel out the local astigmatism of the eye in the vertical axial direction.

[0063] On the other hand, the present inventors have furthered their investigation into the significance of canceling out the local astigmatism in a portion of the distribution of the eye.

[0064] 2C is a graph similar to FIG. 2A, assuming a pupil with an absolute value of spherical aberration of 0.080 μm and a second refractive region with aberration. Detailed test conditions will be explained in the Examples section below. In FIG. 2C, the second refractive region with aberration has negative astigmatism, the absolute value of which (hereinafter also referred to as "amount of astigmatism." Unless otherwise specified, the sign of astigmatism is negative) is 0.40 D, and the surface shape of the second refractive region is a toric surface with an axial direction in the circumferential direction, and is set to an elongated elliptical shape along the circumferential direction in plan view.

[0065] FIG. 3A is a diagram comparing the size of the eyeglass lens (right diagram) and the size of the pupil (lower left diagram) in FIG. 2C, and is an explanatory diagram in which the axial direction of the astigmatism provided in each second refractive region is indicated by a white arrow. The dimensional ratio of the second refractive region to the entire spectacle lens in each explanatory diagram of the present application is not necessarily an actual dimensional ratio, but is merely a dimensional ratio for illustrating an outline of one aspect of the present invention. 3B is an explanatory diagram (left) of the spectacle lens shown in FIG. 2C, and an enlarged explanatory diagram (right) showing the axial direction of astigmatism (open arrows) provided in each second refractive region of the spectacle lens shown in FIG. 2C and the axial direction of astigmatism (hatched arrows) of the eye. In this enlarged explanatory diagram, local astigmatism is canceled out near the upper and lower outer edges.

[0066] Although the contrast ratio should decrease due to spherical aberration in the eye, the second refractive region maintains the contrast ratio at a level comparable to that in Fig. 2A, as shown in Fig. 2C. In other words, as shown in the right diagram of Fig. 3B, it was discovered that the decrease in the contrast ratio can be suppressed by canceling out the local astigmatism in a portion of the eye's distribution.

[0067] In this specification, "cancellation" refers to the second refractive region (hereinafter referred to as the buffer region) reducing the absolute value of negative astigmatism near the outer edge of the eye to 0.12D or less (preferably 0.10D or less, and more preferably 0.05D or less) when light enters the pupil of the wearer.

[0068] In this specification, the term "toric surface" literally refers to a toric shape itself, and also refers to a surface obtained by aspherizing a toric shape (a composite surface of a toric and aspherical surface). In this specification, the term "toric surface" refers to an aspherical surface whose curvature changes depending on the distance from the center.

[0069] Based on this knowledge, a spectacle lens, which is one aspect of the present invention, was created.

[0070] Furthermore, in order to manufacture this eyeglass lens, it is preferable to obtain a lens substrate by molding using a mold. The present inventors have discovered that the shape of the eyeglass lens according to one aspect of the present invention can be ideally realized by subjecting the mold used for molding to appropriately controlled lathe processing.

[0071] The following embodiment of the present invention was created based on the above findings.

[0072] <Eyeglass lenses> A spectacle lens according to one aspect of the present invention has the following configuration. "A base region 3b that causes a light beam incident from the surface on the object side to exit from the surface on the eyeball side, enter the wearer's pupil, and converge on the retina; a retinal non-convergence region 3a that allows a light beam incident from the object side surface to exit from the eyeball side surface, while not allowing a light beam incident into the wearer's pupil to converge on the retina; a functional area having At least a part of the retinal non-convergence area 3a is a buffer area that offsets local negative astigmatism caused by spherical aberration of the eye at a part of the distribution of the astigmatism, The surface shape of the buffer region is a toric surface having an axial direction in the circumferential direction, and is an elongated shape along the circumferential direction in a plan view.

[0073] As described above, it is not possible to cancel all of the local astigmatism of the eye, and even if it can be canceled only partially, it is possible to suppress the decrease in the contrast ratio. As a result, the spectacle lens according to one aspect of the present invention can reduce the influence of spherical aberration of the eye on the effect of suppressing or reducing the progression of refractive error.

[0074] In this specification, unless otherwise specified, the "(surface) shape" of a spectacle lens refers to the shape of the surface of a film formed on a lens substrate when the spectacle lens is constituted by the film, and refers to the shape of the surface of the lens substrate when the spectacle lens is the lens substrate itself.

[0075] In a planar view of the functional area, any retinal non-convergence region 3a within a band-like region consisting of a collection of 4 mm diameter circles whose centers extend from the center of the lens and pass through at least one predetermined radius may be a buffer region. For example, any retinal non-convergence region 3a within the dashed-line box in FIG. 3A may be a buffer region. That is, any retinal non-convergence region 3a within the dashed-line box in FIG. 3A may have astigmatism (amount of 0.25 to 0.50 D) with the circumferential direction as the axial direction. In other words, any retinal non-convergence region 3a above the dashed-line box in FIG. 3A may have no astigmatism (i.e., spherical), or if any, may have astigmatism, the astigmatism may be less than 0.25 D.

[0076] There is no limitation to the "predetermined range of at least one diameter extending from the lens center," and it may be from the end closest to the lens center to the end furthest from the lens center in the functional region.

[0077] Furthermore, the retinal non-convergence areas 3a within the band-shaped area may all be buffer areas within a predetermined range of diameters, not just one diameter. On the other hand, the buffer area may be eliminated within the band-shaped area at some diameters. An example of this is an eyeglass lens obtained by forming a film using the dipping method described below.

[0078] In addition, at least three buffer regions may be disposed in a dispersed manner within any circle having a diameter of 4 mm within the band-shaped region.

[0079] In other words, by concentrating the buffer regions in at least one band-shaped region extending from the center of the lens while dispersing each other, it becomes easier to cancel out the astigmatism in any location in the eye where localized negative astigmatism exists.

[0080] The variance may be defined as follows: The dispersion of the buffer regions may be such that the first distance α, which is the length of the line segment connecting the centers of the two buffer regions, and the second distance β, which is the distance between the center of another buffer region closest to the first line segment and whose center is on the normal to the first line segment, are both less than 2 mm. The following figures show examples of cases where the dispersion requirement is met and cases where it is not met.

[0081] FIG. 4A is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of the second refractive region that satisfies the dispersion requirement defined in one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of the second refractive region that does not satisfy the dispersion requirement defined in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0082] The retinal non-convergence area 3a may have a shape that protrudes from the base area 3b. In other words, the retinal non-convergence area 3a may be a convex area. In this case, the retinal non-convergence area 3a has the effect of suppressing the progression of myopia.

[0083] The eyeglass lens may include a lens substrate and a laminated film provided so as to cover the lens substrate. The lens substrate is a substrate first refractive region that is the basis of the base region 3b; a base material second refractive region that forms the basis of the retinal non-convergence region 3a; and The surface shape of the substrate second refractive region that forms the basis of the buffer region may be a toric surface having an axial direction in the circumferential direction and may be elongated along the circumferential direction in a plan view.

[0084] That is, regions that will become the base region 3b, the retinal non-convergence region 3a, and the buffer region may be formed at the stage of the lens substrate.

[0085] Even if a laminated film is provided so as to cover the lens substrate, a top surface shape that somewhat matches the surface shape of the lens substrate can be obtained, and as a result, it is possible to obtain the configuration of the spectacle lens according to one aspect of the present invention. Therefore, the second refractive region of the substrate may have a shape that protrudes from the first refractive region of the substrate.

[0086] The above-mentioned band-shaped area and the above-mentioned dispersion defined by the eyeglass lens definition may be applied to the lens substrate. Specifically, the following is the procedure.

[0087] In a plan view of the lens substrate, the surface shape of the substrate second refractive regions within a band-like region consisting of a collection of circles with a diameter of 4 mm, the centers of which pass through at least one predetermined radial range extending from the center of the lens, may all be toric surfaces with axial directions in the circumferential direction and may be elongated in the circumferential direction in a plan view. In addition, at least three substrate second refractive regions may be dispersedly arranged within any circle with a diameter of 4 mm within the band-like region.

[0088] The dispersion of the substrate second refractive region may be such that a third interval, which is the length of a line segment connecting the centers of two substrate second refractive regions, and a fourth interval, which is the distance between the line segment and the center of another substrate second refractive region closest to the line segment and whose center is on the normal to the line segment, are both less than 2 mm.

[0089] <Method of manufacturing eyeglass lenses> Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing a spectacle lens according to one aspect of the present invention will be described, along with preferred examples and modifications of the spectacle lens. Details such as the material of the lens substrate will be described later.

[0090] In one aspect of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a spectacle lens includes the steps of: a lathe processing step of lathing the mold so that the surface shape of the second refractive region of the lens substrate, which is the basis of the buffer region, is a toric surface having an axial direction in the circumferential direction and has an elongated shape along the circumferential direction in a plan view; a molding step of molding a lens substrate using the mold after lathe processing; It has.

[0091] (1. Lathe processing process for mold) In one embodiment of the present invention, a lens substrate is produced by injection molding using a mold. To obtain a lens substrate having the surface shape described above, the mold must be processed to have a surface shape that is the inverse of the surface shape. For example, if the second refractive region of the substrate is a convex region, the mold must form a concave region.

[0092] The mold may be subjected to a lathe machining process so that the second refractive regions of the substrate are formed as a large number of independent island-like regions.

[0093] As mentioned above, the surface shape of the second refractive region (convex region) of the substrate, which is the base of the buffer region, must be a toric surface with an axial direction in the circumferential direction, so the mold must also have a concave region with a toric surface.

[0094] One of the major features of the method for manufacturing a spectacle lens according to one aspect of the present invention is that a region corresponding to the second refractive region of the substrate is formed in the mold using lathe processing.

[0095] In one embodiment of the present invention, lathe processing involves repeatedly contacting a cutting tool called a bit with the mold for a predetermined period of time while the mold is rotating at high speed, thereby engraving a predetermined shape into the mold. When forming a toric surface recessed region in the mold, the radial and circumferential curves of the recessed region of the mold can be arbitrarily set by adjusting the tip shape of the bit, the rotation speed of the mold, the contact time of the bit, etc. This means that the amount of astigmatism caused by the toric surface of the recessed region of the mold can be arbitrarily set. Furthermore, the amount of astigmatism can be increased by increasing the rotation speed of the mold during lathe processing.

[0096] In either case, the axial direction (maximum refractive power or minimum refractive power) of the astigmatism caused by the second refractive region (convex region) of the substrate obtained by this concave region is the circumferential direction.

[0097] Furthermore, since lathe processing is used to form the concave region of the toric surface in the mold as described above, the concave region can be easily processed to be long in the circumferential direction (i.e., the rotation direction of the mold). Being long in the circumferential direction means that the region has negative astigmatism with the circumferential direction as its axis. The farther away from the rotation center of the lathe processing (i.e., the closer to the outer edge of the mold), the easier it is to process it to be long. This means that the second refractive region (convex region) of the substrate obtained by the concave region can be easily made long.

[0098] And because the amount of astigmatism can be set arbitrarily as described above, it can also be said that this shape makes it easy to impart astigmatism. Furthermore, by making the shape elongated in the circumferential direction, compared to when the buffer area is a perfect circle in a plan view, the longer shape makes it easier for light that has passed through the buffer area at the spectacle lens stage to enter the pupil with a diameter of 4 mm, thereby increasing the possibility of canceling out the astigmatism of the eye.

[0099] The mold may have multiple recessed regions of the same shape, or all recessed regions may have the same shape. Furthermore, taking into account the characteristics of lathe machining, the recessed regions may be made longer in the circumferential direction as they approach the outer edge of the mold. The recessed regions near the center of rotation of the mold may be spherical so that the retinal non-convergence region 3a above the dashed-line box in Figure 3A is spherical.

[0100] It is preferable that the size of the obtained non-convergence area 3a on the retina satisfies the following requirements. Focus is placed on the relative power of the retinal non-convergence area 3a with respect to the base area 3b. The absolute value of this relative power is designated as L (unit: D). When the retinal non-convergence area 3a is long in the circumferential direction, an astigmatism of 0.25 to 0.50 D can be imparted by setting the ratio M of the length of the long side (the length in the circumferential direction in a planar view) to the length of the short side (the length in the radial direction in a planar view) of the retinal non-convergence area 3a to satisfy the following formula: 0.25 <L-L / M 2 <0.50 It is likely that L will be between 3.00 and 5.00D, in which case M will be around 1.025 to 1.085.

[0101] (2. Molding process for molding lens substrate) The mold after the lathe machining step is used to mold the lens substrate. There are no limitations on the molding method, and injection molding may be used.

[0102] The obtained lens substrate preferably satisfies the following requirements. The second refractive region of the substrate, which is the basis of the non-convergence region 3a on the retina, includes at least the second refractive regions a1 and b1 of the substrate, At least the substrate second refractive region b1 is the base of the buffer region; In plan view, the second refractive region a1 of the substrate near the center of the lens compared to , the second refractive region b1 of the substrate away from the lens center teeth , or may have a shape that is elongated along the circumferential direction. The above regulations apply to eyeglass lens 1 as follows: "The retinal non-convergence area 3a includes at least the retinal non-convergence areas A1 and B1, At least the retinal non-convergence area B1 is a buffer area, In a planar view, the non-convergence area A1 on the retina near the center of the lens compared to , the non-convergence area B1 on the retina away from the lens center teeth , and has a long shape along the circumferential direction.

[0103] In addition, in a plan view, the substrate second refractive region may have a shape that is longer in the circumferential direction as it moves away from the center of the lens, and may have a toric surface that is farther from a spherical surface.

[0104] (3.Lamination process) A lamination step may be carried out in which a laminated film is provided so as to cover the lens substrate obtained using the mold after lathing.

[0105] Examples of types of laminated films will be given later, but depending on which method is used to fabricate each film, it is possible to change the amount of astigmatism in the buffer regions at the spectacle lens stage for each of the buffer regions arranged in a row around the circumference of the spectacle lens.

[0106] For example, at least one of the laminated films (assumed to be a hard coat film here) may be formed by a dipping method using a dipping liquid having predetermined physical properties, so that the thickness of the film is unevenly distributed around the second refractive region of the substrate, and the value of astigmatism varies depending on the circumferential position in each buffer region.

[0107] For information on the dip method, please refer to the entire contents of WO2021 / 131457.

[0108] As shown in FIG. 7 of the publication, when the centers of the second refractive regions (convex regions) of the lens substrate are hexagonally arranged, if a film is formed by employing a dipping method under specified conditions, the film thickness will be maximum when viewed from the center of the second refractive regions (convex regions) of the lens substrate at clockwise rotation angles of 90° (3 o'clock direction) and 270° (9 o'clock direction) from the 0 o'clock direction, which is the pulling direction in the dipping method (+X direction and −X direction in this specification, i.e., horizontal direction, left-right direction), and will be minimum when viewed from the center of the second refractive regions (convex regions) of the lens substrate at clockwise rotation angles of 180° (6 o'clock direction) and 360° (0 o'clock direction) from the 0 o'clock direction (−Y direction and +Y direction in this specification, i.e., vertical direction, up-down direction).

[0109] The creation of maximum and minimum thickness areas in and around the second refractive region of the lens substrate means that the amount of astigmatism in the buffer region of the final spectacle lens will vary from the amount of astigmatism in the second refractive region of the lens substrate. Moreover, because the dip method is used, this means that a uniform change in the amount of astigmatism in the axial direction (horizontal in this case) is applied to all second refractive regions of the lens substrate.

[0110] FIG. 5A is the same as the right diagram of FIG. 3A, and is an explanatory diagram in which the axial direction of the astigmatism provided in each second refractive region is indicated by a white arrow. FIG. 5B is an explanatory diagram showing, with a white arrow, the axial direction of astigmatism provided in each second refractive region of the substrate by forming a film using a dipping method under predetermined conditions. FIG. 5C is an explanatory diagram showing the axial direction of astigmatism provided in each second refractive region by forming a film on the eyeglass lens according to FIG. 5A using the dipping method as described above, with a white arrow, and the amount of astigmatism is shown by the length of the white arrow.

[0111] As shown in Figure 5B, when the dipping method is used, the film thickness of each second refractive region of the substrate is maximum in the horizontal direction and minimum in the vertical direction, which is the pulling direction. As a result, each second refractive region of the substrate tends to have astigmatism with the axial direction (the direction of maximum refractive power) being horizontal.

[0112] As shown in Figure 5A, each substrate second refractive region has a predetermined amount of astigmatism with the circumferential direction as the axial direction. The astigmatism caused by film formation using the dipping method and the astigmatism already present in each substrate second refractive region are combined. As a result, a second refractive region (i.e., a spherical aberration-eliminating region) with astigmatism in the axial direction and amount as shown in Figure 5C is obtained. The configuration shown in Figure 5C may also be expressed as follows. "Among the retinal non-convergence areas 3a on each circumference, there are two straight lines that have the relationship that the absolute value of the astigmatism of the retinal non-convergence areas 3a on a straight line that passes through the center of the lens (the upper and lower lines in Figure 5C) is large, and the absolute value of the astigmatism of the retinal non-convergence areas 3a on a straight line that is perpendicular to the above straight line and passes through the center of the lens (the left and right lines in Figure 5C) is small."

[0113] To explain this using specific numerical examples, in FIG. 5A, all of the substrate second refractive regions are toric surfaces with an axial direction in the circumferential direction and are elongated in the circumferential direction in a plan view, thereby providing the substrate second refractive regions with an astigmatism of -0.20 D with the circumferential direction as the axial direction. Then, in FIG. 5B, a film is formed using a dip method, which adds an astigmatism of -0.20 D with the left-right direction as the axial direction. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5C, a second refractive region (i.e., a spherical aberration-eliminating region) is obtained in which the amount of astigmatism is maximized in the vertical direction from the lens center of the eyeglass lens. On the other hand, a second refractive region is obtained in which the amount of astigmatism is minimized (zero in FIG. 5C) in the horizontal direction from the lens center of the eyeglass lens. This is because, in the substrate second refractive regions located left-right from the lens center of the eyeglass lens as shown in FIG. 5A, the circumferential direction is the vertical direction, and this cancels out the astigmatism in the horizontal direction in FIG. 5B. The maximum and minimum amounts of astigmatism mentioned here refer to the maximum and minimum amounts of astigmatism in the second refractive region when viewed in the circumferential direction at a specified diameter, or the maximum and minimum amounts of average astigmatism in the above-mentioned band-shaped region in all rotational directions from the center of the lens.

[0114] To achieve this cancellation of astigmatism, it is preferable that the amount of astigmatism generated in the lathe processing step and the amount of astigmatism generated by the dipping method in the lamination step are the same. Specifically, it is preferable that the difference between the amounts of astigmatism generated in both steps be 0.125D or less (preferably 0.12D, 0.06D or less).

[0115] By forming the film using the dipping method, it is possible to divide the functional area into a high astigmatism spherical aberration elimination area, a low astigmatism spherical aberration elimination area, and a second refractive area with zero astigmatism, as shown in Figure 5C.

[0116] This division may be performed in a sector-shaped region sandwiched between two radii extending from the center of the lens. In FIG. 5C, the range of clockwise rotation angles from the lens center of at least −15 to +15° around the 0 o'clock direction and the range of rotation angles from 165 to 195° around the 6 o'clock direction may be set as the region where high astigmatism spherical aberration can be eliminated. On the other hand, the second refractive region having zero astigmatism may be set to at least a range of 75 to 105 degrees of clockwise rotation from the lens center around the 3 o'clock direction and a range of 255 to 285 degrees of rotation around the 9 o'clock direction. A sector-shaped region that is neither of these may be set as a region where spherical aberration can be eliminated with low astigmatism. There is no limitation on the amount of astigmatism in the retinal non-convergence region 3a located between the part where the absolute value of the astigmatism is large (upper and lower lines in Figure 5C) and the part where it is small (left and right lines in Figure 5C). For example, the amount of astigmatism may decrease monotonically in the circumferential direction from the part where the absolute value is large to the part where it is small, or the absolute value may decrease by repeating decreases and increases.

[0117] The spectacle lens shown in Figure 5C can solve the problem of the present invention, in addition to or instead of solving the problem of the present invention, of achieving the same effect of suppressing or reducing the progression of refractive error regardless of the amount of spherical aberration of the eye. This will be described in detail below.

[0118] FIG. 6A is the same as the right diagram of FIG. 3A, and is an explanatory diagram in which arrows indicate positions through which the line of sight frequently passes when wearing the eyeglass lenses. FIG. 6B is the same as FIG. 5C, and is an explanatory diagram showing how the orientation of the eyeglass lens is determined so that a buffer area where astigmatism is maximized is located at a position where the line of sight frequently passes, in order to accommodate a child whose eye has an absolute spherical aberration of 0.080 μm. FIG. 6C is an explanatory diagram showing how the orientation of the eyeglass lens is determined so that the second refractive region with zero astigmatism is located at a position where the line of sight frequently passes, in order to accommodate children with zero spherical aberration of the eye.

[0119] The amount of spherical aberration in the eye varies depending on the wearer (mainly children). If all second refractive regions of a spectacle lens are provided with astigmatism, when a child with zero spherical aberration wears the spectacle lens, unnecessary astigmatism will be added to the child. Therefore, such spectacle lenses are assigned only to children with spherical aberration in the eye.

[0120] On the other hand, the spectacle lens shown in FIG. 5C also has a second refractive region with zero astigmatism in some radial directions. For example, when a child with zero spherical aberration wears the spectacle lens, the second refractive region with zero astigmatism is positioned at a position where the line of sight frequently passes through. By utilizing this feature and determining the orientation of the spectacle lens as shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C depending on the degree of spherical aberration of the wearer's eye, it is possible to achieve the same effect of suppressing or reducing the progression of refractive error regardless of the degree of spherical aberration of the eye. In other words, by creating one type of spectacle lens with a second refractive region (buffer region) having astigmatism as shown in FIG. 5C, spectacle lenses can be provided to wearers regardless of the degree of spherical aberration of the eye. This makes the spectacle lens versatile.

[0121] When solving the problem described in the above paragraph, it goes without saying that spherical aberration is not compensated for in children whose eyes have zero spherical aberration. Therefore, although this specification calls such a second refractive region a buffer region, it may also be called a spherical aberration compensation region.

[0122] Determining the orientation of the spectacle lens may further include a marking step of providing the spectacle lens with a mark indicating information about the difference in astigmatism value depending on the circumferential position in each buffer region. The information is information about in which radial direction, as viewed from the center of the lens, a second refractive region (buffer region) with large astigmatism exists and / or a second refractive region with small (or zero) astigmatism exists. There are no limitations on the type and size of the mark, as long as the information, i.e., orientation, is known.

[0123] The technical concept of the present invention is also reflected in eyeglasses in which the vicinity of the periphery of the spectacle lens 1 is cut based on a predetermined frame shape and the eyeglasses are fitted into a frame. In particular, when handling spectacle lenses with the above-mentioned marks, the technical concept of the present invention is also reflected in a manufacturing method of eyeglasses in which the orientation of the spectacle lens is determined according to the magnitude of the spherical aberration of the wearer's eye and the spectacle lens is then fitted into a frame. In this case, if the mark is positioned on the lens at a position that corresponds to the outside of the frame rim (hereinafter simply referred to as the frame), the mark will not intrude into the area used as a lens (within the frame).

[0124] There are no limitations on the type or shape of the frame, and it may be full-rim, half-rim, under-rim, or rimless.

[0125] It is known that the greater the absolute value of the difference between the astigmatism of light incident on the upper part of the retina (i.e., above the central area, the macula) and the astigmatism of light incident on the lower part of the retina (i.e., below the macula), the more likely a person is to have their myopia progression suppressed.

[0126] Taking this knowledge into consideration, when the absolute value of the difference between the astigmatism of light incident on the upper retina and the astigmatism of light incident on the lower retina when the naked eye is taken as V, and the absolute value of the difference between the astigmatism of light that passes through the retinal non-convergence area 3a and incident on the upper retina and the astigmatism of light that incident on the lower retina when spectacle lenses are worn is taken as V', it is expected that the myopia suppression effect of spectacle lenses will be greater if V' is magnified or enhanced more than V.

[0127] Therefore, when fitting the lens of the above embodiment, which has different astigmatism depending on the position on the lens, into a frame, it is preferable to fit the lens in an orientation such that V' is larger than V, as described above. This feature, which determines the fitting direction in an orientation such that V' is larger than V, is one aspect of the invention of a method for designing eyeglass lenses, and is also one aspect of the invention of a method for manufacturing eyeglasses.

[0128] Furthermore, to aid in framing, a direction mark for indicating the above direction may be provided somewhere on the eyeglass lens (preferably outside the frame).

[0129] When framing the eyeglasses, the orientation mark described above may be referenced. The eyeglass lens manufacturing method described above may be applied. In this case, the orientation mark may be included in the marks used in the marking process.

[0130] Furthermore, the characteristic value for the difference in astigmatism between the upper and lower retina of a person may be obtained by measuring the wearer's eyes, or a value previously obtained statistically or academically may be used.

[0131] The technical idea of ​​the present invention is also reflected in the mold used in the lathe processing step and the processing method (manufacturing method) for the mold. Note that there are no limitations on the material of the mold used in the spectacle lens manufacturing method of one aspect of the present invention, and the mold may be made of metal or glass.

[0132] Although the lamination process has been described using the dipping method, other methods may be used in addition to or instead of the dipping method. For example, spin coating may be used. Spin coating tends to produce a uniform film thickness, which is useful when it is desired to maintain the shape of the second refractive region of the substrate on the outermost surface of the eyeglass lens. Furthermore, film formation using vacuum deposition tends to produce a more uniform film thickness. A hard coat film may be formed using the dipping method, and an anti-reflection film may be formed on the surface of the hard coat film by vacuum deposition. Furthermore, a protective film (such as a water-repellent or hydrophilic anti-fouling film or anti-fogging film) may be provided to cover the anti-reflection film, or any other film may be formed between the lens substrate and the protective film.

[0133] When the dipping method is employed, it is possible to increase the amount of astigmatism by increasing the pulling speed. When spin coating is used, it is usually easy to obtain a uniform film thickness, but it is also possible to increase the amount of astigmatism somewhat by increasing the rotation speed.

[0134] The protruding distance of the retinal non-convergence region 3a from the base region 3b may be greater than 1.00 μm. The protruding distance of the substrate second refractive region from the base region 3b may also be greater than 1.00 μm. If the substrate second refractive region has this size, uneven film thickness can be effectively achieved when film formation is performed using a dipping method. An example of the upper limit of the protruding distance is 2.00 μm. In the lathe processing step, the portion of the mold corresponding to the substrate second refractive region is recessed relative to the portion corresponding to the substrate first refractive region, and the recessed distance may be greater than 1.00 μm, with an example of the upper limit being 2.00 μm.

[0135] The "protrusion distance from the base region 3b" is also referred to as the "amount of sag." The amount of sag refers to the maximum distance of the non-convergence region 3a on the retina from the tangent plane of the base region 3b in the absence of the non-convergence region 3a on the retina (for example, the distance from the tangent plane to the apex of the convex region).

[0136] The explanation so far has discussed the influence of spherical aberration of the eye on axial and near-axial light beams. However, the present inventors have discovered that even with light beams whose optical power and astigmatism characteristics off-axis are different from those on-axis, the intended optical characteristics cannot be obtained due to ocular aberrations, particularly spherical aberration. More specifically, the present inventors have discovered a problem in which the contrast of focused light created at a point defocused from the retina due to the segment effect does not have sufficient intensity compared to the contrast in the non-focused portion. One embodiment of the present invention solves this problem without increasing manufacturing costs.

[0137] However, the influence of spherical aberration and its cancellation are more likely to be significant for on-axis light beams, which are less affected by astigmatism due to the angle of incidence on the eye. Therefore, the effect is more likely to be seen when sufficient astigmatism is applied from the center of the lens or the non-convergence area 3a on the retina near the central clear area.

[0138] <One specific example (overview) of eyeglass lens 1> An outline of one specific example of the spectacle lens 1 according to one aspect of the present invention will be described below.

[0139] A spectacle lens according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a central clear area and a functional area.

[0140] The central clear region is a region including the lens center and / or eye point, and is a region where light beams incident from the object-side surface exit from the eyeball-side surface, enter the wearer's pupil, and converge on the retina. In other words, the central clear region is made up of the base region 3b. The central clear region is a portion having a smooth surface shape that can achieve the wearer's prescribed refractive power from a geometrical optics perspective, and is transparent in the visible light wavelength range, for example.

[0141] The "eye point (EP)" is, for example, the position through which the line of sight passes when the wearer is looking straight ahead when wearing a spectacle lens, and this example will be given below. The eye point may also be the position through which the wearer's line of sight passes when viewing an object close to the wearer (in other words, when viewing close up), i.e., the near eye point. In one aspect of the present invention, an example is given in which the geometric center of the spectacle lens before framing into the frame coincides with the eye point, coincides with the prism reference point, and coincides with the lens center. Hereinafter, a spectacle lens before framing into the frame will be given as an example of a spectacle lens of one aspect of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to this aspect.

[0142] The position of the eye point can be specified by referring to a remark chart or a centration chart issued by the lens manufacturer.

[0143] The central clear region of one embodiment of the present invention can achieve prescribed power (spherical power, cylindrical power, cylindrical axis, etc.) This spherical power may be a power to be corrected when looking straight ahead (distance to an object is approximately from infinity to 1 m) (for example, distance power, hereinafter referred to as distance power) or a power to be corrected when looking at intermediate distances (1 m to 40 cm) or near distances (40 cm to 10 cm).

[0144] Furthermore, the central clear area does not have any configurations (e.g., convex areas 3a and / or concave areas, embedded structures, etc. that form non-convergence areas 3a on the retina) intended to have the effect of inhibiting or reducing the progression of refractive errors (i.e., the effect of inhibiting the progression of myopia or reducing hyperopia).

[0145] The central clear area (and the base area 3b in the functional area, and further the outer clear area) in one embodiment of the present invention functions as a so-called single focal length lens.

[0146] Incidentally, the prescription data of the wearer's information is written on the lens bag of the eyeglass lens. In other words, if there is a lens bag, it is possible to identify the eyeglass lens based on the prescription data of the wearer's information. Furthermore, eyeglass lenses are usually set with a lens bag. Therefore, the technical idea of ​​the present invention is also reflected in eyeglass lenses that come with a lens bag, and the same applies to sets of lens bags and eyeglass lenses.

[0147] The functional area is an annular area adjacent to and surrounding the central clear area in a plan view. The area of ​​the functional area other than the base area 3b is the retinal non-convergence area 3a.

[0148] For example, when the convex region 3a is arranged in an island shape as in the second refractive region of Patent Document 1, while the first refractive region (base region 3b that performs the same function as the central clear region) that realizes the prescribed power is arranged around the convex region, the annular region including the base region 3b and the convex region 3a is considered to be a functional region.

[0149] A spectacle lens according to one aspect of the present invention includes an annular outer clear area adjacent to and surrounding a functional area on the outer edge side of the spectacle lens. The outer clear area causes a light beam incident from the object-side surface to exit from the eyeball-side surface, enter the wearer's pupil, and converge on the retina. In other words, the functional area is an annular area located between the outer clear area and the central clear area.

[0150] There are no limitations on the shape of the functional area 3, and it may be annular in plan view. The ring may be circular, rectangular, elliptical, or a combination thereof on the inside (i.e., the boundary between the central clear area 2 and the functional area 3) and / or the outside (i.e., the boundary between the outer clear area 4 and the functional area 3).

[0151] The spectacle lens 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention may be a spectacle lens 1 after being fitted into a frame, and a part of the functional area 3 of the spectacle lens 1 may be in contact with the outer edge of the spectacle lens 1, and another part of the functional area 3 may be in contact with the outer clear area 4. Furthermore, it is not precluded from providing a retinal non-convergence area 3a further toward the outer edge of the outer clear area 4.

[0152] However, in consideration of making it easier to obtain good visibility even in peripheral vision, it is preferable that no configuration intended to have an effect of inhibiting the progression of myopia or reducing hyperopia is provided between the outer edge of the spectacle lens 1 and the functional area 3. In other words, it is preferable that the entire area between the outer edge of the spectacle lens 1 and the functional area 3 be the outer clear area 4.

[0153] Furthermore, the functional area may be expanded toward the center of the lens so as to fill in the central clear area of ​​the eyeglass lens 1 (for example, FIG. 10 of Patent Document 1). However, considering that the line of sight frequently passes through the lens center, it is preferable to provide a central clear area as in the eyeglass lens according to one aspect of the present invention described above.

[0154] A characteristic aspect of the present invention is that the retinal non-convergence areas 3a are provided concentratedly within the functional area 3 of the entire spectacle lens 1. In other words, it is preferable that the retinal non-convergence areas 3a are not provided in the outer clear area 4 on the outer edge side of the functional area 3 (preferably between the outer edge of the functional area 3 and the outer edge of the spectacle lens 1).

[0155] There are no limitations on the size and shape of the central clear area 2. As a rough guide for the lower limit of the size of the central clear area 2, it is sufficient if it is large enough to contain a circle with a diameter of 5.00 mm centered at the center of the lens (eye point EP). As a rough guide for the upper limit of the size of the central clear area 2, it is sufficient if it is large enough to fit within a circle with a diameter of 10.00 mm centered at the center of the lens. The minimum horizontal distance from the center of the lens to the edge of the central clear area 2 (minimum radius if the clear area is circular in plan view) may be 3.60 mm or less. The area of ​​the central clear area 2 is 80 mm. 2 The shape of the center clear area 2 may be circular, rectangular, elliptical, or the like in a plan view.

[0156] There are no limitations on the size and shape of the functional area 3. As a rough guide for the lower limit of the size of the functional area 3, it is sufficient if it is large enough to encompass a circumference with a diameter of 15 mm centered on the center of the lens. As a rough guide for the upper limit of the size of the functional area 3, it is sufficient if it is large enough to encompass a circumference with a diameter of 50.00 mm centered on the center of the lens. The shape of the functional area 3 is annular in a planar view, and the annulus may be circular, rectangular, elliptical, polygonal, etc., or a combination thereof, on the inside (i.e., the boundary between the central clear area 2 and the functional area 3) and / or on the outside (i.e., the boundary between the outer clear area 4 and the functional area 3).

[0157] For example, when a wearer looks at something close, the interpupillary distance (PD) tends to become smaller due to convergence, and in that case, the wearer's line of sight passes through an area closer to the center of the lens (the nose side) than the eye point.

[0158] Therefore, taking this into consideration, it is also a preferred embodiment to dispose the central clear area 2 inward (toward the nose when worn) from the center (for example, the geometric center) of the lens 1. In this case, the center of the central clear area 2 is shifted toward the nose from the geometric center (or eye point) of the lens 1. In this specification, the "center" refers to the center of a circle or ellipse, and to the center of gravity for other shapes.

[0159] In that case, it is also preferable that the multiple retinal non-convergence areas 3a (and therefore the functional areas 3) designed and arranged according to the above embodiment are shifted as a whole toward the nose with respect to the lens center and are arranged asymmetrically within the area of ​​the lens 1.

[0160] FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the definition of the boundary between the functional region and the central clear region, and is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the definition of the boundary between the functional region and the outer clear region.

[0161] The shape of the central side of the functional area 3 (that is, the shape of the central side clear area 2) is preferably defined as follows.

[0162] In a planar view, the boundary line between the functional area 3 and the central clear area 2 may be defined as the envelope EL2 of the collection of all circles with a diameter of 4 mm that can circumscribe the retinal non-convergence area 3a within the functional area 3 on the side of the central clear area 2 without including other retinal non-convergence areas 3a. In this specification, each of these circles is also referred to as a clear pupil circle. The shape of the central clear area 2 may be defined as the "collection of clear pupil circles" rather than the envelope of the collection of clear pupil circles.

[0163] The shape of the outer edge side of the functional area 3 (that is, the shape of the outer clear area 4 on the functional area 3 side and the boundary between them) is preferably defined as follows.

[0164] In a planar view, the boundary line between the functional area 3 and the outer clear area 4 may be defined as an envelope EL1 of the collection of all circles with a diameter of 4 mm that can circumscribe the retinal non-convergence area 3a within the functional area 3 on the outer clear area 4 side without including other retinal non-convergence areas 3a (definition of the outer edge side of the functional area 3). Hereinafter, an envelope will be exemplified, but the shape of the outer clear area 4 may be defined as "a collection of clear pupil circles" rather than the envelope of a collection of clear pupil circles. In other words, the outer clear area 4 may include the eyepoint EP and be composed of a collection of clear pupil circles. Furthermore, in the eyeglass lens 1, areas other than the central clear area 2 and the outer clear area 4 may be defined as the functional area 3.

[0165] As a guideline, it may be defined that in the functional region 3, 30% or more (or 40% or more, 50% or more, or 60% or more) of the light flux incident on the pupil of the wearer does not converge on the retina. The larger this percentage value, the greater the effect of inhibiting the progression of myopia or reducing hyperopia is expected to be, but visibility will decrease. The value of this percentage may be determined appropriately taking into account the balance between the effect of inhibiting the progression of myopia or reducing hyperopia and visibility.

[0166] In the functional area 3, the area of ​​the retinal non-convergence area 3a in a planar view may be specified as 30% or more (or 40% or more, 50% or more, or 60% or more) of the entire functional area 3. The upper limit may be, for example, 70%.

[0167] In a plan view of the functional area, there is no limitation on the above-mentioned predetermined range of at least one diameter extending from the lens center. For example, any of the retinal non-convergence areas 3a within the entire band-shaped area consisting of a collection of circles with a diameter of 4 mm passing through the entire functional area (from the area near the lens center to the area near the lens outer edge) may be a buffer area. On the other hand, only a portion of the above-mentioned predetermined range may be the band-shaped area. The band-shaped area may occupy 30% or more (or 40% or more, 50% or more, or 60% or more) of the area of ​​the entire band-shaped area.

[0168] In a plan view of the functional region, the above regulation applies to at least one diameter extending from the lens center, but the regulation may be satisfied for all diameters, or the regulation may be satisfied for only some diameters, as in the case where the film is formed using the above-mentioned dipping method.

[0169] <One specific example of eyeglass lens 1 (details)> A specific example of the spectacle lens 1 according to an aspect of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0170] In the functional area 3, an example of a configuration (on-retinal non-convergence area 3a) that has the effect of inhibiting the progression of myopia or reducing hyperopia is the defocus area.

[0171] A defocus region is a region in which, from a geometrical optics perspective, at least a portion of the region does not focus light at the light-focusing position defined by the base region 3b. A defocus region is a portion corresponding to the micro-convex portion of Patent Document 1. A spectacle lens 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a myopia progression inhibiting lens, similar to the spectacle lens described in Patent Document 1. Similar to the micro-convex portion of Patent Document 1, the multiple defocus regions according to an embodiment of the present invention may be formed on at least one of the object-side surface and the eyeball-side surface of the spectacle lens 1. This specification mainly illustrates a case in which multiple defocus regions are provided only on the object-side surface of the spectacle lens 1. Hereinafter, unless otherwise specified, a case in which the defocus region has a curved shape that protrudes toward the outside of the lens will be illustrated.

[0172] It is preferable that more than half of the multiple defocus regions (all defocus regions in the functional region) are arranged at the same period in plan view. An example of a pattern with the same period is an equilateral triangle arrangement in plan view (the centers of the defocus regions are arranged at the vertices of an equilateral triangle net, a so-called honeycomb structure). Preferably, it is 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and even more preferably 95% or more. Hereinafter, as with the above, preferred examples of "more than half of all defocus regions in the functional region (or 80% or more)" are 80% or more, 90% or more, and 95% or more, in order of preference, and repeated description will be omitted.

[0173] The defocus area may be spherical, aspherical, toric, or a mixture of these (for example, the center of each defocus area may be spherical and the surrounding area outside the center may be aspherical). At least the buffer area may have a toric surface shape.

[0174] The boundary between the central area and the peripheral area may be provided at 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the radius of the defocus area (or convex area 3a) in a planar view. However, it is preferable that at least the central area of ​​the defocus area (or convex area 3a) has a convex curved surface shape that protrudes toward the outside of the lens. Furthermore, since it is preferable that more than half of the multiple defocus areas (all defocus areas in the functional area) are arranged at the same period in a planar view, it is preferable that the defocus areas other than the buffer area have a spherical surface. Of course, all defocus areas may be buffer areas, in which case all defocus areas have a toric surface shape.

[0175] Each defocus area is configured, for example, as follows: The diameter of the defocus area in plan view is preferably about 0.6 to 2.0 mm. The surface area of ​​each defocus area is 0.50 to 3.14 mm. 2 The radius of curvature of the convex region 3a is 50 to 250 mm, preferably about 86 mm, and is spherical.

[0176] Although there is no specific limit to the numerical value of the defocus power in each defocus area, for example, it is preferable that the minimum value of the defocus power provided by the defocus area on the spectacle lens 1 is within the range of 0.50 to 4.50 D and the maximum value is within the range of 3.00 to 10.00 D. The difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​is preferably within the range of 1.00 to 5.00 D.

[0177] The "defocus power" refers to the difference between the refractive power of each defocus area and the refractive power of the area other than the defocus area. In other words, the "defocus power" is the difference obtained by subtracting the refractive power of the base area from the average value of the minimum and maximum refractive powers at a predetermined point in the defocus area. In this specification, the case where the defocus area is the convex area 3a is exemplified.

[0178] In this specification, the term "refractive power" refers to the average refractive power, which is the average value between the refractive power in the direction in which the refractive power is minimum and the refractive power in the direction in which the refractive power is maximum (the direction perpendicular to that direction).

[0179] The arrangement of the defocus region is not particularly limited, and can be determined from the viewpoint of, for example, visibility from outside the defocus region, adding design features to the defocus region, adjusting refractive power to the defocus region, etc. The defocus region is an example of a retinal non-convergence region 3a, which does not converge the light beam onto the retina but converges the light beam in front of the retina (the -Z direction side).

[0180] In the functional region 3 arranged around the central clear region 2 of the spectacle lens 1, substantially circular defocus regions may be arranged in an island pattern (i.e., spaced apart and not adjacent to each other) at equal intervals in the circumferential and radial directions. One example of the arrangement of the defocus regions in a planar view is an independent, discrete arrangement in which the centers of the convex regions 3a are at the vertices of equilateral triangles (hexagonal arrangement in which the centers of the defocus regions are located at the vertices of a honeycomb structure). In this case, the distance between the defocus regions may be 1.0 to 2.0 mm. The number of defocus regions (and thus on-retinal non-convergence regions 3a) may be 10 to 200.

[0181] The lens substrate is formed of a thermosetting resin material such as thiourethane, allyl, acrylic, or epithio. However, other resin materials that provide the desired refractive index may be selected as the resin material for the lens substrate. Alternatively, the lens substrate may be made of inorganic glass instead of a resin material.

[0182] The hard coat film is formed using, for example, a thermoplastic resin or a UV-curable resin. The hard coat film can be formed by immersing the lens substrate in a hard coat solution, by spin coating, or the like. The formation of such a hard coat film can improve the durability of the eyeglass lens 1.

[0183] The anti-reflection coating is formed by vacuum deposition of an anti-reflection agent such as ZrO2, MgF2, Al2O3, etc. By forming such an anti-reflection coating, it is possible to improve the visibility of images passing through the eyeglass lens 1.

[0184] As described above, a plurality of defocus regions are formed on the object-side surface of the lens substrate. Therefore, when this surface is coated with a hard coat film and an anti-reflection film, a plurality of defocus regions are also formed by the hard coat film and the anti-reflection film, following the defocus regions in the lens substrate.

[0185] The thickness of the coating formed by the lamination step may be, for example, in the range of 0.1 to 100 μm (preferably 0.5 to 5.0 μm, and more preferably 1.0 to 3.0 μm), however, the thickness of the coating is determined depending on the function required of the coating and is not limited to the range exemplified above.

[0186] The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but also includes various modifications and improvements within the scope of the specific effects that can be obtained by the constituent elements of the invention and their combinations.

[0187] In one embodiment of the present invention, the astigmatism distribution shown in FIG. 5C is achieved by combining the astigmatism inherent in the second refractive region of the lens substrate with the astigmatism inherent in the film formed using the dipping method. However, this method is not limited to this. For example, the surface shape of the second refractive region of the lens substrate is set to produce the astigmatism distribution shown in FIG. 5C. Specifically, the recessed region is machined into such a shape during a mold lathe processing process. The film formed on the lens substrate may be formed using spin coating or vacuum deposition, which both produce a relatively uniform film thickness. The dipping method also produces a relatively uniform film thickness by reducing the pulling speed. [Example]

[0188] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0189] <Reference Example 1> The following eyeglass lens 1 was manufactured. Note that the eyeglass lens 1 consists only of a lens substrate, and no other material is laminated onto the lens substrate. The prescribed refractive power was S (spherical refractive power) 0.00D, and C (astigmatic refractive power) 0.00D. Planar diameter of lens substrate: 60.00 mm Lens material type: PC (polycarbonate) Lens substrate refractive index: 1.589 The above content is common to each specific example, so further description will be omitted.

[0190] In this example, the range of the central clear area 2 is set to a circular area with a radius of 3.50 mm from the center of the lens, and the range of the functional area 3 is set to a circle with a radius of 12.50 mm from the center of the lens (excluding the central clear area 2). An outer clear area 4 is provided closer to the outer edge of the spectacle lens 1 than the functional area 3. The entire area between the outer edge of the spectacle lens 1 and the functional area 3 is set to be the outer clear area 4 (the same applies to the following examples).

[0191] In addition, the following configuration was adopted in this example. Configuration of the functional region 3: Convex regions 3a are discretely arranged as defocus regions. Within the functional region 3, the regions other than the convex regions 3a are base regions 3b. Shape of convex region 3a: spherical Planar shape of convex region 3a: perfect circle - Refractive power of convex area 3a: 3.50D Formation surface of the convex region 3a: Object side surface Arrangement of the convex regions 3a in plan view: The convex regions 3a are individually and discretely arranged so that the center of each convex region 3a is the vertex of an equilateral triangle (the center of each convex region 3a is arranged at the vertex of the honeycomb structure). Pitch between each convex area 3a (distance between the centers of the convex areas 3a): 1.50 mm -Wearer's pupil diameter: assumed to be 4.00 mm Absolute value of spherical aberration of the wearer's eye: assumed to be zero

[0192] <Comparative Example 1> In this example, the following changes were made from Reference Example 1. Absolute value of spherical aberration of the wearer's eye: assumed to be 0.80 μm

[0193] Example 1 In this example, the following points were changed from Comparative Example 1. Shape of the convex region 3a: a toric surface with an axial direction in the circumferential direction Shape of the convex region 3a in plan view: Long shape along the circumferential direction (long axis length: 1.06 mm, short axis length: 1.00 mm) Average refractive power of convex area 3a: 3.50D Amount of astigmatism caused by the convex area 3a: -0.40D in the axial direction (minimum refractive power)

[0194] <Result> Although this overlaps with the findings that led to the present invention, they will be described below.

[0195] As shown in FIG. 2B corresponding to Comparative Example 1, the contrast ratio is reduced due to the spherical aberration of the eye compared to FIG. 2A corresponding to Reference Example 1 (when the spherical aberration of the eye is zero).

[0196] On the other hand, as shown in Figure 2C corresponding to Example 1, the second refractive region, which is a buffer region, allows the contrast ratio to be maintained at a level comparable to that of Figure 2A. In other words, as shown in the right diagram of Figure 3B, the reduction in the contrast ratio can be suppressed by canceling out the local astigmatism in a part of the distribution of the eye. [Explanation of symbols]

[0197] 1. Eyeglass lenses 2. Clear area on the central side 3. Functional Area 3a Retinal non-convergence area (convex area) 3b Base region 4. Outer clear area P···wavefront map of the eye C1: Clear pupil circle (to define the boundary between the functional area and the central clear area) C2: Clear pupil circle (to define the boundary between the functional area and the outer clear area)

Claims

1. a base region that causes a light beam incident from the object-side surface to exit from the eyeball-side surface, enter the wearer's pupil, and converge on the retina; a retinal non-convergence region that allows a light beam incident from the object-side surface to exit from the eyeball-side surface, while preventing a light beam incident into the wearer's pupil from converging onto the retina; a functional area having At least a portion of the retinal non-convergence region is a buffer region capable of offsetting local negative astigmatism caused by spherical aberration of the eye at a portion of the distribution of the astigmatism, The surface shape of each of the buffer regions is a toric surface having an axial direction in the circumferential direction and has an elongated shape along the circumferential direction in a plan view, A spectacle lens in which, among the retinal non-convergence areas on each circumference, there are two straight lines that have the relationship that the absolute value of the astigmatism of the retinal non-convergence area on a straight line passing through the center of the lens is large, and the absolute value of the astigmatism of the retinal non-convergence area on a straight line that is perpendicular to the straight line and passes through the center of the lens is small.

2. In a planar view of the functional area, all of the non-convergence areas on the retina within a band-like area consisting of a collection of circles with a diameter of 4 mm, the centers of which pass through at least one predetermined range of diameter extending from the center of the lens, are the buffer area, The eyeglass lens according to claim 1 , wherein at least three buffer regions are disposed in a dispersed manner within any circle having a diameter of 4 mm within the band-shaped region.

3. 3. The eyeglass lens according to claim 2, wherein the dispersion of the buffer regions is such that a first interval, which is the length of a line segment connecting the centers of the two buffer regions, and a second interval, which is the distance between the line segment and the center of another buffer region that is closest to the line segment and whose center is on the normal to the line segment, are both less than 2 mm.

4. 2. The eyeglass lens according to claim 1, wherein the absolute value of the astigmatism provided in the buffer region is 0.25 to 0.50D.

5. The eyeglass lens according to claim 1 , wherein the epiretinal non-convergence region has a shape that protrudes from the base region.

6. The spectacle lens of claim 5 , wherein the protruding distance of the epiretinal non-convergence zone from the base zone is greater than 1.00 μm.

7. The retinal non-convergence area includes at least retinal non-convergence areas A1 and B1, At least the retinal non-convergence area B1 is a buffer area, 2. The eyeglass lens according to claim 1, wherein, in a plan view, the retinal non-convergence area A1 closer to the center of the lens has a shape longer in the circumferential direction than the retinal non-convergence area B1 further from the center of the lens.

8. The eyeglass lens according to claim 1 , further comprising a mark on the eyeglass lens that indicates information about the difference in astigmatism value depending on the circumferential position in each of the buffer regions.

9. The eyeglass lens comprises a lens substrate and a laminated film provided so as to cover the lens substrate, The lens substrate is a substrate first refractive region that serves as a base for the base region; a base second refractive region that serves as the basis for the retinal non-convergence region; and 2. The eyeglass lens according to claim 1, wherein the surface shape of the substrate second refractive region that forms the basis of the buffer region is a toric surface having an axial direction in the circumferential direction and has an elongated shape along the circumferential direction in a plan view.

10. In a plan view of the lens substrate, the surface shape of the substrate second refractive region within a band-like region consisting of a collection of circles with a diameter of 4 mm, the centers of which pass through at least one predetermined range of diameter extending from the lens center, is a toric surface having an axial direction in the circumferential direction, and is an elongated shape along the circumferential direction in the plan view, The eyeglass lens according to claim 9 , wherein at least three second refractive regions of the substrate are arranged in a dispersed manner within any circle having a diameter of 4 mm within the band-like region.

11. 11. The eyeglass lens according to claim 10, wherein the dispersion of the second refractive region is such that a third interval, which is the length of a line segment connecting the centers of the two substrate second refractive regions, and a fourth interval, which is the distance between the line segment and the center of another substrate second refractive region that is closest to the line segment and has its center on a normal to the line segment, are both less than 2 mm.

12. the substrate second refractive region forming the non-convergence region on the retina includes at least the substrate second refractive regions a1 and b1; At least the substrate second refractive region b1 is the base of the buffer region, 10. The eyeglass lens according to claim 9, wherein, in a plan view, the substrate second refractive region b1 that is farther from the lens center has a shape that is longer in the circumferential direction than the substrate second refractive region a1 that is closer to the lens center.

13. The eyeglass lens according to claim 9 , wherein the second refractive region of the substrate has a shape that protrudes from the first refractive region of the substrate.

14. 14. The spectacle lens of claim 13, wherein the second refractive region of the substrate protrudes from the first refractive region by a distance greater than 1.00 μm.

15. 10. The eyeglass lens according to claim 9, wherein the thickness of at least one of the laminated films is unevenly distributed around the periphery of the second refractive region of the substrate, and the value of astigmatism varies depending on the circumferential position in each of the buffer regions on each circumference.

16. 10. The spectacle lens of claim 9, further comprising a central clear area surrounded by the annular functional area.

17. 17. The spectacle lens of claim 16, wherein the center of the central clear area is at the geometric center of the lens.

18. 17. The eyeglass lens according to claim 16, wherein the center of the central clear area is shifted toward the nose with respect to the geometric center of the lens.

19. a base region that causes a light beam incident from the object-side surface to exit from the eyeball-side surface, enter the wearer's pupil, and converge on the retina; a retinal non-convergence region that allows a light beam incident from the object-side surface to exit from the eyeball-side surface, while preventing a light beam incident into the wearer's pupil from converging onto the retina; A method for manufacturing a spectacle lens having a functional area having At least a portion of the retinal non-convergence region is a buffer region that offsets local negative astigmatism caused by spherical aberration of the eye at a portion of the distribution of the astigmatism, The spectacle lens comprises at least a lens substrate, The lens substrate is a substrate first refractive region that serves as a base for the base region; a base second refractive region that serves as the basis for the retinal non-convergence region; and a lathe processing step of lathing the mold so that the surface shape of the substrate second refractive region that forms the base of the buffer region is a toric surface having an axial direction in the circumferential direction and has an elongated shape along the circumferential direction in a plan view; a molding step of molding the lens substrate using the mold after lathe processing; and The method further includes a lamination step of providing a laminated film so as to cover the lens substrate obtained using the mold after lathing, A method for manufacturing eyeglass lenses, wherein at least one of the laminated films is formed by a dipping method, so that the thickness of the film is unevenly distributed around the periphery of the second refractive region of the substrate, and the value of astigmatism varies depending on the circumferential position in each of the buffer regions.

20. 20. The method for manufacturing eyeglass lenses according to claim 19, wherein the lathe machining step is performed on the mold so that, in a plan view of the lens substrate, the surface shapes of the substrate second refractive regions within a band-like region consisting of a collection of circles with a diameter of 4 mm, the centers of the circles passing through at least one predetermined range of diameter extending from the lens center, are all toric surfaces having axial directions in the circumferential direction and have elongated shapes along the circumferential direction in the plan view, and so that at least three substrate second refractive regions are each dispersedly arranged within any circle with a diameter of 4 mm within the band-like region.

21. 21. The method for manufacturing eyeglass lenses according to claim 20, wherein the dispersion of the second refractive region is such that a third interval, which is the length of a line segment connecting the centers of the two substrate second refractive regions, and a fourth interval, which is the distance between the line segment and the center of another substrate second refractive region that is closest to the line segment and has its center on the normal to the line segment, are both less than 2 mm.

22. the substrate second refractive region forming the non-convergence region on the retina includes at least the substrate second refractive regions a1 and b1; At least the substrate second refractive region b1 is the base of the buffer region, 21. The method for manufacturing a spectacle lens according to claim 19, wherein, when turning a mold to form the lens substrate, the turning step of turning the mold is performed so that, in a plan view, the substrate second refractive region b1 that is farther from the lens center has a shape that is elongated in the circumferential direction compared to the substrate second refractive region a1 that is closer to the lens center.

23. 21. The method for manufacturing a spectacle lens according to claim 19 or 20, wherein in the lathe processing step, a portion of the mold corresponding to the substrate second refractive region is recessed more than a portion of the mold corresponding to the substrate first refractive region, so that the substrate second refractive region has a shape that protrudes from the substrate first refractive region.

24. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the recess distance is greater than 1.00 μm.

25. 20. A method for manufacturing eyeglass lenses according to claim 19, wherein, of the retinal non-convergence areas on each circumference, there are two straight lines that have the relationship that the absolute value of the astigmatism of the retinal non-convergence area on a straight line passing through the lens center is large, and the absolute value of the astigmatism of the retinal non-convergence area on a straight line that is perpendicular to the straight line and also passes through the lens center is small.

26. 26. The method for manufacturing a spectacle lens according to claim 25, further comprising a marking step of providing a mark on the spectacle lens that indicates information about the fact that the value of astigmatism varies depending on the circumferential position in each of the buffer regions.

27. A pair of spectacles, comprising a frame and the spectacle lens according to any one of claims 1 to 18 fitted into the frame.

28. A method for manufacturing eyeglasses, comprising determining the orientation of the eyeglass lens using the mark on the eyeglass lens according to claim 8 as a guide depending on the magnitude of spherical aberration of the wearer's eye, and then fitting the eyeglass lens into a frame.

29. The absolute value of the difference between the astigmatism of light incident on the upper part of the retina and the astigmatism of light incident on the lower part of the retina when the wearer of the eyeglass lenses is wearing the naked eye is V, When the wearer wears the eyeglass lenses, the absolute value of the difference between the astigmatism of light passing through the non-convergence area on the retina and incident on the upper part of the retina and the astigmatism of light incident on the lower part of the retina is V'. A method for designing a spectacle lens, comprising determining a framing direction of the spectacle lens according to any one of claims 1 to 18 so that V' is larger than V.

30. 30. A method of manufacturing eyeglasses, comprising framing the eyeglass lenses according to an orientation determined by the design method of claim 29.

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