Shock absorber, shock absorption system, and supporter

Abstract

To provide a shock absorber or the like that can reduce the degree of injury caused by falls or other accidents by people, including the elderly, or can prevent injuries. [Solution] The impact absorber 1 comprises a plate-shaped impacted plate 11, a plurality of legs 12 each extending from a plurality of ends of the impacted plate in a direction away from the impacted plate and rotatably connected in a plane perpendicular to the plate surface of the impacted plate and including each extension direction, a base plate 13 to which leg end portions 124, which are the ends of each of the plurality of legs opposite the connection side with the impacted plate, are connected so that they can move along the top surface, and a biasing member 14 on the bottom plate that biases each of the leg end portions of the plurality of legs in a direction approaching the impacted plate in a planar view.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a shock absorber, a shock absorbing system, and a supporter. [Background technology]

[0002] Recently, the aging of society has progressed in developed countries. On the other hand, it is said that falls and tripping accidents are caused in part by a decline in lower limb strength and balance due to aging.

[0003] Patent document 1 discloses a flooring system that absorbs shock, characterized by comprising an upper layer and a lower layer with surfaces that are approximately parallel to the ground, a base material that connects the upper layer and the lower layer and has multiple legs with shock-absorbing capabilities, and a dispersion material that is arranged along a planar direction of the base material and that distributes forces acting on the base material. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2021 / 107157 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] Even with various countermeasures, it is difficult to completely eliminate accidents involving falls, not just among the elderly. It is also known that elderly people who were previously able to function independently can fall and sustain injuries such as fractures, becoming bedridden and increasing their risk of developing dementia, leading to a state of need for care. An increase in the number of elderly people injured could lead to soaring medical and nursing care costs. Meanwhile, it has also been pointed out that staying indoors and avoiding going out due to fear of falling can reduce the quality of life of the elderly by cutting off contact with others, potentially triggering dementia.

[0006] The present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, and provides a shock absorber, a shock absorption system, and a supporter that can reduce the degree of injury caused by falls, etc., in people, including the elderly, or prevent injury. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] An impact absorber according to one aspect of the present disclosure comprises a plate-shaped impacted plate, a plurality of legs each extending from a plurality of ends of the impacted plate in a direction away from the impacted plate and rotatably connected in a plane perpendicular to the plate surface of the impacted plate and including each extension direction, a bottom plate that connects the leg end portions of each of the plurality of legs opposite the connection side with the impacted plate so that the leg end portions are movably connected along the top surface, and a biasing member on the bottom plate that biases each of the leg end portions in a direction approaching the impacted plate in a planar view.

[0008] An impact absorbing system according to one aspect of the present disclosure is an impact absorbing system in which a plurality of the above-described impact absorbers are combined adjacent to each other.

[0009] A supporter according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a supporter including the shock absorbing system described above and an attachment for fixing the shock absorbing system to a part of the body. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to reduce the degree of injury caused by falls and other accidents in people, including the elderly, or to prevent injuries. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an impact absorber according to one aspect of the present disclosure in a standby state. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a plan view of the shock absorber of FIG. 1 in a standby state. [Figure 3] 2 is a perspective view of the shock absorber of FIG. 1 in a non-standby state. FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a plan view of the shock absorber of FIG. 1 in a non-standby state. [Figure 5] 10A and 10B are diagrams showing examples of different shapes of the legs of the shock absorber. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a control system for changing an impact absorber from a non-standby state to a standby state. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a plan view of an example of a shock absorber with four legs in a standby state. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a plan view of an example of a shock absorber with four legs in a non-standby state. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a plan view of another example of the impact absorbing body in a standby state. [Figure 10] 1 is a plan view showing an example of a shock absorbing system in which a plurality of shock absorbers are combined adjacent to each other. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a schematic side view showing another example of a shock absorbing system in which a plurality of shock absorbers are combined adjacent to each other. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a schematic side view showing another example of a shock absorbing system in which a plurality of shock absorbers are combined adjacent to each other. [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a supporter having a shock absorber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] Hereinafter, examples of a shock absorber, a shock absorbing system, and a supporter according to one aspect of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the description, like elements will be given the same reference numerals, and duplicated description will be omitted as appropriate.

[0013] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a shock absorber 1 according to one aspect of the present disclosure in a standby state. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the shock absorber 1 in a standby state. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the shock absorber 1 in a non-standby state. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the shock absorber 1 in a non-standby state. Here, the "standby state" is the state before an impact is applied to the shock absorber 1, and is a state in which the shock absorber operates to absorb the impact when an impact is applied. The "non-standby state" is a state in which the impacted plate 11 is stored and made thinner (the height is reduced (the Z-direction dimension is reduced)). Note that the non-standby state can be a state similar to a state in which, when an impact is applied to the shock absorber 1, it absorbs the impact and cannot absorb any more impacts.

[0014] As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the shock absorber 1 has an impact plate 11, legs 12, a bottom plate 13, and a biasing member 14. The impact plate 11 is plate-shaped and is a member that comes into direct or indirect contact with the outside when an impact is applied. The legs 12 extend from multiple ends of the impact plate 11 in a direction away from the impact plate 11, and are connected to be rotatable in a plane perpendicular to the plate surface of the impact plate 11 and including the direction of extension of each leg 12. There may be multiple legs 12. In this embodiment, the legs 12 are defined as a single leg 12 that rotates integrally. In the example of Figures 1 to 4, the impact absorber 1 has two legs 12 attached to opposite sides (ends) of the impact plate 11.

[0015] The bottom plate 13 connects leg end portions 124, which are the ends of each of the multiple legs 12 opposite to the side connected to the impact-receiving plate 11, so that they can move along the upper surface of the bottom plate 13. The biasing members 14 bias each of the leg end portions 124 of the multiple legs 12 on the bottom plate 13 in a direction that brings them closer to the impact-receiving plate 11 in a plan view. In the impact absorber 1 shown in Figures 1 to 4, the longitudinal direction of the bottom plate 13 in a plan view is the X direction, the lateral direction is the Y direction, and the height direction of the impact absorber 1 is the Z direction. Here, in the examples of Figures 1 to 4, the biasing members 14 are depicted as helical springs, but springs other than helical springs or other elastic members may also be used.

[0016] 1 to 4, one leg 12 is configured to have two longitudinal members, but for example, as shown in Fig. 5, one leg 12 may be configured with a single plate-like member connecting these two longitudinal members. The impacted plate 11 may have a rotation axis 111 that is perpendicular to the extension direction of the leg 12 and parallel to the plate surface of the impacted plate 11. The rotation axis 111 is an axis that allows the leg 12 to rotate on a plane that is perpendicular to the plate surface of the impacted plate 11 and includes each extension direction, and the rotation plane is a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis 111.

[0017] 1 and 2, when the shock absorber 1 receives an external impact on the impacted plate 11, i.e., when a force is applied to the impacted plate 11 in a direction toward the bottom plate 13, the impacted plate 11 attempts to approach the bottom plate 13, causing the two legs 12 to move in a direction that opens away from each other. As a result, the leg ends 124 of the legs 12 move in directions away from the impacted plate 11 in a plan view, against the biasing force of the biasing member 14. Therefore, the biasing member 14 can absorb the impact by converting kinetic energy (of the movement of the leg ends 124) into potential energy (which causes the spring 14 to be in an extended state in this embodiment). In other words, the spring, which is the biasing member 14, can absorb the impact and reduce the force in the direction from the impacted plate 11 toward the bottom plate 13 by extending it from its natural length (storing a contracting force). Therefore, by attaching the shock absorber 1 to an appropriate position on the body, for example, it is possible to absorb and soften the impact caused by a fall or trip, thereby reducing the severity of injury or preventing injury.

[0018] In this embodiment, the leg end portions 124 are connected to the bottom plate 13 so as to be movable along the upper surface thereof. Therefore, the leg end portions 124 of the legs 12 may have protrusions 121 perpendicular to the rotation surface, and the bottom plate 13 may have guide grooves 131 that accommodate the protrusions 121 and extend along the upper surface of the bottom plate 13. Here, the guide grooves 131 may be grooves that are parallel to the upper surface of the bottom plate 13 and parallel to the rotation surface. The bottom plate 13 may have a guide plate 132 that has the guide grooves 131 formed therein and extends along the upper surface of the bottom plate 13 in the direction in which the legs 12 extend (in a plan view). Note that the configuration that allows the leg end portions 124 to move along the upper surface of the bottom plate 13 is not limited to this. For example, other configurations are possible, such as forming a guide groove on the upper surface of the bottom plate 13 without using the guide plate 132, and attaching a locking member to the leg end portions 124 so as not to come off the guide groove.

[0019] Furthermore, leg end portions 124 of leg portions 12 may have wheels 122 that roll on the upper surface, and in this case, protrusions 121 may be part of the rotation axis (shaft 123) of wheels 122. By having wheels 122, leg end portions 124 can be moved more smoothly. Here, leg end portions 124 may slide on the upper surface of bottom plate 13 without having wheels 122, or may be spaced apart from the upper surface of bottom plate 13 and move along the upper surface of bottom plate 13.

[0020] The bottom plate 13 may have a locking portion 133 that locks one end of the biasing member 14. In the example of Figures 1 to 4, the locking portion 133 is attached closer to the impacted plate 11 than the leg end portion 124 in a plan view, and the biasing member 14 is arranged so as to bias the impacted plate 14 in a direction toward the leg end portion 124. However, the locking portion 133 may be attached on the opposite side of the impacted plate 11 than the leg end portion 124 in a plan view, and the biasing member 14 may be arranged so as to bias the impacted plate 14 in a direction away from the leg end portion 124 and the locking portion 133. However, this is not limiting, and the biasing member 14 may be any member that biases the leg end portion 124 in a direction toward the impacted plate 11 in a plan view.

[0021] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 , when the biasing member 14 is attached so as to bias the leg end portion 124 via the wheel 122 attached to the leg end portion 124, the biasing member 14 may be attached via a wheel cover (not shown) attached to the leg portion 12 that covers the wheel 122. Here, for example, as shown in FIG. 2 , the position of the leg end portion 124 in the standby state can be set to a position farther from the impacted plate 11 than the pivot shaft 111, and the multiple legs 12 can be shaped to open from the impacted plate 11 toward the bottom plate 13. As a result, when an external force is applied to the impacted plate 11 in a direction toward the bottom plate 13, the leg end portion 124 of the leg portion 12 moves in a direction away from the impacted plate 11 in a plan view as the impacted plate 11 moves toward the bottom plate 13, thereby allowing the legs 12 to open further. The position of the leg end portion 124 in the standby state can be determined appropriately depending on the position of the guide groove 131, the position of the locking portion 133, the length of the biasing member 14 (in the standby state), etc.

[0022] By attaching the shock absorber 1 as described above to an appropriate position on the body, for example, it is possible to absorb and soften the impact caused by a fall or trip, thereby reducing the degree of injury to the user or preventing injury.

[0023] 3 and 4 shows a state in which the spring, which is the biasing member 14, is stretched by the leg end portion 124. In the non-standby state, the shock absorber 1 can be made thin (the Z direction dimension is small) to make it easy to carry, so it can be put into the non-standby state when being carried or in a place where there is no risk of impact force being applied.

[0024] The shock absorber 1 may be configured to maintain the non-standby state by including a locking mechanism 15 that fixes the impacted plate 11 and the bottom plate 13 in a non-standby state where they are moved close to each other against the biasing force of the biasing member 14. Note that the shock absorber 1 may not be configured to include the locking mechanism 15. The locking mechanism 15 may have, for example, a claw 151 that fixes the shaft 123 in a position in the non-standby state. Specifically, in the non-standby state, the biasing member 14 biases the shaft 123 in a direction that moves the shaft 123 closer to the impacted plate 11 in a plan view, but the claw 151 can lock the shaft 123 against the biasing force of the biasing member 14 in the non-standby state. This allows the shock absorber 1 to maintain the non-standby state by the locking mechanism 15.

[0025] When the shock absorber 1 transitions to the non-standby state, the shaft 123 moves across the claw 151 in a direction away from the impacted plate 11 in a plan view. Here, the claw 151 can be configured together with an elastic member such as a spring or an elastically deformable member such as resin, and for example, the elastically deformable member can be configured to allow the claw 151 to slip into the bottom plate 13 and move the shaft 123 to a position where it can pass the position of the claw 151, and to bias the shaft 123 to a position above the upper surface of the bottom plate 13 where it will be engaged in the non-standby state.

[0026] 1 to 4, for example, by inclining the claw 151 toward the impacted plate 11, when the shaft 123 attempts to move beyond the position of the claw 151 in a plan view in a direction away from the impacted plate 11, the shaft 123 pushes the inclined portion of the claw 151, causing the claw 151 to slip into the bottom plate 13, allowing the shaft 123 to move across the claw 151. This allows the shock absorber 1 to smoothly transition from the standby state to the non-standby state, and the non-standby state can be maintained by the locking mechanism 15. This allows the shock absorber 1 to be kept thin (reduced in the Z direction dimension) and maintained in a non-standby state that is easy to carry when carried or in a place where there is no risk of impact force being applied.

[0027] Here, the locking mechanism 15 may release the lock upon detecting a predetermined acceleration, and change the state to a standby state in which the impacted plate 11 and the bottom plate 13 are separated. For example, when it detects that a person wearing the shock absorbing device 1 has lost balance just before falling, the locking mechanism 15 may change the shock absorbing device 1 from the non-standby state to the standby state. This allows the shock of the fall to be absorbed by the shock absorbing device 1 in the standby state when the person falls.

[0028] FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an example of a control system 16 that changes the shock absorber 1 from a non-standby state to a standby state. The shock absorber 1 may have the control system 16. As shown in FIG. 6, the control system 16 may have an acceleration sensor 161 and a motor 162. The acceleration sensor 161 detects acceleration. The motor 162 releases the locking mechanism 15 when the acceleration sensor 161 detects a predetermined acceleration. Here, the control system 16 may be disposed, for example, within the bottom plate 13. The acceleration sensor 161 may also be a so-called inertial measurement unit (IMU). As described above, the shock absorber 1 can be worn in a thin, non-standby state, and the degree of injury to the user can be reduced or prevented by releasing the locking mechanism 15 and switching to the standby state as needed.

[0029] The motor 162 is mechanically connected to, for example, the claw 151 of the locking mechanism 15 (for example, by a rack and pinion, etc.) and can operate (for example, temporarily press down, etc.) the claw 151. The motor 162 can move the claw 151 from a locked position, which fixes the shaft 123 in a non-standby state position, to an unlocked position, which is a position where the shaft 123 is recessed into the bottom plate 13 in a plan view and allows movement of the shaft 123 toward the impact plate 11.

[0030] As shown in FIG. 6 , when the shock absorber 1, which is fixed in the non-standby state by the locking mechanism 15, detects via the acceleration sensor 161 that, for example, a person wearing the shock absorber 1 has lost balance just before falling, the shock absorber 1 transmits a detection signal to the motor 162. Upon receiving the notification, the motor 162 moves the claw 151 to an unlocked position where the claw 151 is recessed into the bottom plate 13, allowing the shock absorber 1 to transition to the standby state. Because the shock absorber 1 is biased by the biasing member 14 to transition to the standby state, the motor 162 transitions to the standby state when the claw 151 moves to the unlocked position. The motor 162 may include a motor control device. In this case, the motor control device may determine whether to operate the motor 162 in response to a signal from the acceleration sensor 161, and if it is determined that the motor 162 should be operated, the motor 162 may perform an operation to move the claw 151 to the unlocked position.

[0031] The number of motors 162 may correspond to the number of claws 151, and may move the corresponding claws 151 to the unlocked position, or one motor 162 may move multiple claws 151 to the unlocked position. An acceleration sensor 161 may be provided for each motor 162, or one acceleration sensor 161 may be provided for multiple motors 162. Furthermore, the acceleration sensor 161 may be attached separately to any part of the body, away from the motors 162. FIG. 5 shows an example in which a control system 16 having a motor 162 for each claw 151 that temporarily presses down the claw 151, and one acceleration sensor 161 for the multiple motors 162, is provided within the bottom plate 13.

[0032] Fig. 7 is a plan view of an example of a shock absorber 1 in a standby state with four legs 12. Fig. 8 is a plan view of an example of a shock absorber 1 in a non-standby state with four legs 12. The shock absorber 1 shown in Figs. 7 and 8 has the same configuration as the shock absorber 1 in Figs. 1 to 4, except that the four legs 12 extend in four directions that differ by 90 degrees, and the configuration includes the configuration of the shock absorber 1 in Figs. 1 to 4. In the shock absorber 1 shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the same reference numerals are used to designate components that correspond to those of the shock absorber 1 in Figs. 1 to 4, and redundant explanations will be omitted.

[0033] The shock absorber 1 shown in Figures 7 and 8 has twice the number of legs 12, particularly the number of biasing members 14, compared to the shock absorber 1 in Figures 1 to 4, and therefore can increase the shock absorbing power. By attaching the shock absorber 1 shown in Figures 7 and 8 to an appropriate position on the body, it is also possible to absorb and soften the impact of a fall or other accident, thereby reducing the degree of injury to the user or preventing injury.

[0034] Fig. 9 is a plan view of another example of a shock absorber 1 in a standby state. The shock absorber 1 in Fig. 9 differs from the shock absorbers 1 in Figs. 1 to 4 and 7 and 8 in that the number of legs 12 is three, but the basic configuration and function are similar, so redundant explanations will be omitted. The shock absorber 1 in Fig. 9 has an impact plate 11 shaped like a triangle, with legs 12 rotatably attached to each side. Even such a shock absorber 1 can absorb and soften the impact of a fall, etc., by attaching it to an appropriate position on the body, thereby reducing the severity of injury to the user or preventing injury.

[0035] The shape of the impact plate 11 is not limited to a triangle or a rectangle, but can be a pentagon, hexagon, or other polygonal shape, in which case a number of legs 12 equal to or less than the number of sides of the polygon can be rotatably attached. Regardless of the polygonal shape of the impact plate 11, including the shock absorber 1 shown in Figure 9, by attaching it to an appropriate position on the body, it is possible to absorb and soften the impact of a fall, etc., and reduce the severity of injury to the user or prevent injury.

[0036] Fig. 10 is a plan view showing an example of an impact absorbing system 2 in which a plurality of impact absorbers 1 are combined adjacently. The example of the impact absorbing system 2 in Fig. 10 uses the impact absorber 1 shown in Figs. 7 and 8, in which the impacted plate 11 has a rectangular shape and the number of legs 12 is four. Furthermore, the four impact absorbers 1 are arranged closely together with no gaps between them. In this way, by combining a plurality of impact absorbers 1 adjacently, the impact absorbing system 2 can cover a wider area and can absorb impact over a wider region, thereby reducing the degree of injury to the user or preventing injury.

[0037] In the example of the impact absorption system 2 in Fig. 10, an impact absorber 1 is used in which the impacted plate 11 has a quadrilateral shape and the number of legs 12 is four, but the shape of the impacted plate 11 can be any polygonal shape, and the number of legs 12 attached can be the same as or less than the number of sides of the polygon. In the example of Fig. 10, an example is shown in which four impact absorbers 1 are arranged adjacent to each other, but a number other than four impact absorbers 1 may also be arranged adjacent to each other.

[0038] FIG. 11 is a schematic side view showing another example of an impact absorption system 2 in which multiple impact absorbers 1 are combined adjacently. The impact absorption system 2 of FIG. 11 can be arranged on a curved surface by combining multiple impact absorbers 1 adjacently on, for example, a flexible or pliable sheet 91. In this case, the shape of the impacted plate 11 can be based on any polygon, and the number of legs 12 can be the same as or less than the number of sides of the polygon. Furthermore, instead of being arranged in one direction, impact absorbers 1 arranged two-dimensionally on a plane, as in the impact absorption system 2 of FIG. 10, may be arranged on a curved surface. Here, in FIG. 11, the bottom plate 13 is flat, but the bottom plate 13 may have a curved shape that matches the arrangement shape.

[0039] FIG. 12 is a schematic side view showing another example of an impact absorbing system 2 in which multiple impact absorbers 1 are combined adjacently. The impact absorbing system 2 in FIG. 12 combines multiple impact absorbers 1 adjacently, and also stacks multiple impact absorbers 1 so that the impacted plate 11 and bottom plate 13 overlap. By arranging them in this manner, the amount of deformation in response to an impact applied to a single point can be increased by the number of layers (three times in FIG. 12), making it possible to withstand a greater impact force. Note that any number of layers can be stacked. Even in this case, the shape of the impacted plate 11 can be based on any polygon, and the number of legs 12 can be the same as or less than the number of sides of the polygon.

[0040] The impact absorption system 2 according to Fig. 12 may be configured to be arranged on a curved surface, as shown in Fig. 11 and the description according to Fig. 11. As described above, the impact absorption system 2 can cover more curved surfaces and absorb stronger impacts by combining multiple impact absorbers 1 side by side and arranging them to fit the shape of a curved surface or by stacking them, thereby reducing the degree of injury to the user or preventing injury.

[0041] Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a supporter 6 having a shock absorbing body 1. As shown in Fig. 13, the supporter 6 has a shock absorbing system 2 including the shock absorbing body 1, and an attachment 61 for fixing the shock absorbing system 2 to a part of the body. The shock absorbing system 2 may be housed in a shock absorbing system storage bag 21. The shock absorbing system storage bag 21 is, for example, in the shape of a flexible bag, and can maintain the position and orientation of the shock absorbing system 2 inside, and can have a smooth surface so as not to cause injury or accident if it comes into contact with another part of the body or an object.

[0042] The attachment tool 61 is belt-shaped, tubular, or a combination thereof for attachment to the waist, buttocks, back, shoulders, knees, elbows, hands, or any other part of the body, and can be made of flexible fiber or resin. The attachment tool 61 and the shock absorption system storage bag 21 may be formed integrally, or the shock absorption system storage bag 21 may be attached to the attachment tool 61 structure by, for example, hook-and-loop fasteners, sewing, snap fastening, or adhesive.

[0043] In FIG. 13, the supporter 6 is depicted as being attached to the waist of a user 92 of the supporter 6. However, the supporter 6 may be configured as a supporter 6 that can be attached anywhere on the body. In the example of FIG. 13, the shock absorbing system 2 of FIG. 10 is used, but other shock absorbing systems 2 that combine multiple shock absorbers 1, including the shock absorbing systems 2 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, may also be used, or a single shock absorbing body 1 may be used. In this way, as shown in FIG. 13, by attaching the supporter 6 to an appropriate position on the body, for example, it can absorb and soften the impact caused by the user's fall or trip, thereby reducing the severity of injury to the user or preventing injury.

[0044] It should be noted that the contents described in this disclosure are merely examples and do not limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims and can include any modifications within the technical scope defined by the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0045] 1. Shock absorber 11 Shock plate 111 Rotating shaft 12 Legs 121 Protrusion 122 Wheels 123 Shaft 124 Leg end 13 Bottom plate 131 Guide groove 132 Guide plate 133 Locking part 14. Spring 15 Locking mechanism 151 Nails 16 Control System 161 Accelerometer 162 Motor 2. Shock absorption system 21 Shock absorption system storage bag 6 Supporters 61 Mounting fixture

Claims

1. A plate-shaped impact plate; a plurality of legs each extending from a plurality of ends of the impact plate in a direction away from the impact plate and connected to be rotatable on a plane perpendicular to the plate surface of the impact plate and including the respective extending directions; a bottom plate that connects the leg end portions, which are the ends of each of the plurality of leg portions opposite to the connection side with the impact plate, so that the leg end portions are movably connected along the upper surface of the bottom plate; a biasing member that biases each of the leg ends of the plurality of leg portions in a direction toward the impact plate in a plan view on the bottom plate; a locking mechanism that moves the impact plate and the bottom plate to a position where they are close to each other against the biasing force of the biasing member and fixes them in a non-standby state, The locking mechanism releases the lock upon detecting a predetermined acceleration, changing the impact absorber to a standby state in which the impacted plate and the bottom plate are separated.

2. The impact plate has a shape based on a polygon, 2. The shock absorber of claim 1, wherein two or a number of polygonal sides of said legs are pivotally mounted.

3. The leg end portion of the leg portion has a protrusion perpendicular to the rotation plane, The shock absorber according to claim 1 , wherein the bottom plate has a guide groove that accommodates the protrusion and extends along the bottom plate surface.

4. the leg end portion of the leg portion has a wheel that rolls on the upper surface; The shock absorber according to claim 3 , wherein the protrusion is a part of the rotation axis of the wheel.

5. an acceleration sensor that detects acceleration; 2. The shock absorber according to claim 1, further comprising: a motor that releases the locking mechanism when the acceleration sensor detects the predetermined acceleration.

6. A shock absorbing system comprising a plurality of shock absorbers according to any one of claims 1 to 5, arranged adjacent to each other.

7. The shock absorbing system according to claim 6 , wherein a plurality of the shock absorbers are combined so that the impact receiving plate and the bottom plate overlap each other.

8. The shock absorbing system according to claim 6; a mounting fixture for fixing the shock absorbing system to a part of a body; A supporter equipped with:

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