Foundations and buildings

Abstract

To provide a building foundation which can be installed without excavating the ground surface.SOLUTION: A building foundation structure comprises a foundation structure 11 that is placed on the ground surface S and supports an upper structure 31 from below, a weight 21 which is a container for holding a heavy object and which is placed still on the ground surface S inside the building rather than the foundation structure 11, and connecting means 41 for interconnecting the upper structure 31 and the weight container 21.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a simple foundation structure for small-scale buildings that can be installed simply by placing it on the ground. [Background technology]

[0002] Known examples of conventional building foundation structures include the techniques described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 5-067634 (Patent Document 1) and Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2004-176407 (Patent Document 2). In the techniques described in these patent documents, the ground surface is first excavated to provide a foundation structure with embedded roots. The excavated soil is then backfilled to level the ground surface, and a superstructure is constructed on top of the foundation structure. The column bases of the superstructure are then fastened to the foundation structure to prevent the superstructure from toppling over in the event of an earthquake or storm. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 5-067634 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-176407 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, the above-mentioned conventional building foundations have the following problems. Because the building foundations are embedded, they cannot be easily removed or relocated, and they cannot be installed directly on the asphalt pavement of a parking lot or an existing concrete floor, making them disadvantageous for relocating or temporary buildings. Furthermore, when constructing a building on soil, a ground survey is generally required to prevent the building from sinking, which requires time and effort.

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention aims to provide a building foundation structure that can be installed simply by placing it on the ground without requiring any embedment, and that can prevent or easily correct the sinking of the building. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] For this purpose, the building foundation structure of the present invention comprises a foundation structure that is placed on the ground surface and supports the superstructure from below, a weight container that holds a heavy object and is placed on the ground surface inside the building than the foundation structure, and connecting means that connect the superstructure and the weight container to each other.

[0007] According to the present invention, the building can be installed simply by placing it on the ground, so no embedment is required. Therefore, the building can be easily installed on a parking lot or concrete floor.

[0008] In one aspect of the present invention, the weight is liquid or gravel. According to this aspect, the weight container can be easily set up and removed at the site where the building is to be constructed, facilitating relocation.

[0009] In a preferred aspect of the present invention, the connecting means are provided at two or more locations spaced apart in the horizontal direction, which makes it possible to resist the overturning moment acting on the superstructure during an earthquake or strong wind.

[0010] The connecting means is not particularly limited, but as one aspect of the present invention, the connecting means has one connecting portion that connects to the upper structure, another connecting portion that connects to the weight container, and a connecting device that selectively places the one connecting portion and the other connecting portion in a connected or separated state.

[0011] In one aspect of the present invention, the connecting means further includes a sensor that detects earthquake shaking or wind pressure, and a drive unit that receives a command from the sensor when the sensor detects earthquake shaking or wind pressure and drives the connecting device into a connected state.

[0012] In one aspect of the present invention, the connecting means allows relative movement in the vertical direction under normal circumstances. However, in an emergency such as when horizontal forces such as earthquake force or wind force act on the building, the relative movement in the vertical direction is restricted. In one aspect of the present invention, the connecting means includes a damper (e.g., a vibration damper) that absorbs relative movement between the upper structure and the weight container.

[0013] The building of the present invention comprises a foundation member of the building placed on the ground surface, a superstructure supported from below by the foundation member, a weight containing a heavy object placed on the ground surface inside the building beyond the foundation member, and connecting means for connecting the superstructure and the weight to each other. [Effects of the Invention]

[0014] Thus, according to the present invention, a building can be installed simply by placing it on the asphalt surface of a parking lot or on the surface of unimproved ground, without the need for embedment. In addition, the building can be easily relocated. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a basic structure of the embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the embodiment resisting an overturning moment. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0016] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a building according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view showing a building foundation structure according to the same embodiment. A longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a building. Building 10 is a small-scale building occupying an area of ​​10 to 15 square meters in the plan view of Fig. 2, and comprises a foundation structure 11, a weight 21, a superstructure 31, and connecting means 41.

[0017] The foundation structure 11 has a plurality of grounding members 12 and a plurality of mounts 13. The lower ends of the grounding members 12 are placed flat on the ground surface S. The upper ends of the grounding members 12 rise from the ground surface S and are connected to the mounts 13. The grounding members 12 are arranged along the contour of the building 10 and are spaced apart from one another. The mounts 13 extend along the contour of the building 10 and connect the grounding members 12 to one another. The foundation structure 11 of this embodiment is a steel foundation made of a plurality of steel members. In a modified example not shown, the grounding members 12 may be beams and the mounts 13 may be made of wood. At the locations where the lower ends of the grounding members 12 are placed flat on the ground surface S, protrusions or mats may be laid down to prevent the grounding members 12 from slipping.

[0018] The ground surface S may be soil, an asphalt pavement, or a concrete pavement. The ground including the ground surface S does not require compaction or special ground improvement. The ground surface S may be, for example, a parking lot. At least two of the grounding member 12 and the mounting base 13 may be formed as a single unit, or they may be separate members fastened to each other with bolts and nuts, etc.

[0019] The weight 21 includes a steel or resin weight container that is filled with a heavy object, such as water or soil, at the construction site of the building 10, so that it reaches a predetermined weight, e.g., a weight heavier than the foundation members or the superstructure. As shown in the plan view of Figure 2, the weight 21 is positioned inside the building's outer edge 32 and away from the foundation structure 11. The weight 21 is placed flat on the ground surface S and directly supported by the ground. Regarding the flat placement, to increase friction, a non-slip structure such as a protrusion may be provided on the bottom of the weight 21, or a rubber mat may be placed between the weight 21 and the ground surface S. Due to its large weight, the weight 21 will not move due to lateral forces during an earthquake. In this embodiment, the weight 21 and the ground contact member 12 are placed directly on the ground surface S, such as a parking lot, without any excavation of the ground surface S, and can be easily relocated to another location.

[0020] The height dimension of the weight 21 is smaller than the width and depth dimensions of the weight 21, and is smaller than the height dimension of the foundation structure 11 as shown in Figure 1. The weight 21 is placed flat on the ground surface S. Placing the weight 21 flat reduces the surface pressure, making it difficult for the weight 21 to sink from the ground surface S.

[0021] Only the outline of the superstructure 31 is shown in Figure 1. The superstructure 31 is one story high and has a floor area of ​​10 to 15 square meters as described above. The superstructure 31 and the building 10 may have a rectangular shape as shown in Figure 2, or may have other shapes not shown. The superstructure 31 has a cross member 33. The cross member 33 is part of the body that supports the load of the superstructure 31, and extends from one outer wall of the superstructure 31 to the other outer wall, crossing the superstructure 31. In this embodiment, the cross member 33 is installed at the bottom of the superstructure 31 and is located directly above the weight 21.

[0022] The connecting means 41 is composed of one or more connecting members, and connects the cross member 33 and the weight 21. In this embodiment, the connecting means 41 is one or more pairs of rails extending in the vertical direction, and is connected at its upper end to the cross member 33 and engages at its lower end with a runner (not shown) fixed to the weight 21. The rails of the connecting means 41 are movable relative to the weight 21 in the vertical direction, but are restricted from moving relative to the weight 21 in the horizontal direction, for example, the lateral direction in which the cross member 33 extends.

[0023] 3 shows how a horizontal force Hf due to strong winds, earthquakes, etc. acts on the building 10. When the horizontal force Hf acts on the superstructure 31, the horizontal movement of the superstructure 31 is restricted by the weight 21 and the connecting means 41, and therefore the superstructure 31 is prevented from moving horizontally. Furthermore, the horizontal force Hf applies an overturning moment to the superstructure 31, but the weight 21 and the connecting means 41 apply a reaction moment Rv to the superstructure 31, preventing it from overturning.

[0024] 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the case where a building 10 is installed on a sloping ground S1. The vertical dimension of the ground contact member 12 of the foundation structure 11 can be adjusted appropriately. The thrust is laid flat to match the inclination angle of the sloping ground S1.

[0025] According to this embodiment, installation is completed simply by placing the building 10 on the ground surface S of a parking lot or the like, making installation simple and eliminating the need for foundation work such as root cutting. Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the foundation structure 11 can be made lighter, preventing ground subsidence of the superstructure 31 due to aging. In other words, there is no need for ground surveys. Even if ground subsidence does occur, the level of the lightweight building can be easily restored using jacking equipment or the like.

[0026] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the base structure 11, weight 21, and upper structure 31 are separate structures, and the weight 21 contains the weight container and contents, so the weight container can be emptied and easily relocated.

[0027] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the foundation structure 11 and the weight 21 are separated, which reduces the weight of the foundation structure 11 and the superstructure 31 and prevents ground subsidence of these structures. Because the weight 21 is heavy, there is a concern that it may sink into the ground surface S over time, but this does not affect the foundation structure 11 and the superstructure 31, which are separate structures from the weight 21.

[0028] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments. Various modifications and variations can be made to the illustrated embodiments within the same scope as the present invention or within an equivalent scope.

[0029] In another embodiment not shown, the connecting means 41 may be a detachable connector.

[0030] The weight 21 may be an empty weight container. When needed, water is poured into the weight container for use. The water in the weight container can be used for domestic purposes.

[0031] The connecting means 41 connecting the superstructure 31 and the weight container to each other may be a chain that hangs down from the cross member 33 under its own weight alone. This chain is not normally tensioned, but becomes taut when a horizontal force is applied, preventing the superstructure 31 from tipping over, etc.

[0032] Alternatively, the connecting means 41 may be a coupler that is normally separate and can be connected as needed. For example, the connecting means 41 may further include one connecting portion that connects to the superstructure 31, the other connecting portion that connects to the weight 21 (its weight container), a connector that selectively connects the one connecting portion and the other connecting portion to a connected or disconnected state, a sensor that detects earthquake vibrations or wind pressure, and a drive unit that receives a command from the sensor upon detection and drives the connector to the connected state. The connecting means 41 equipped with such a sensor is structured to allow vertical relative movement when no horizontal force, such as earthquake force or wind force, is applied to the superstructure 31, and to restrict horizontal relative movement when a horizontal force is applied to the superstructure 31. The connecting means may include a damper that absorbs relative movement between the superstructure and the weight container. The damper expands and contracts horizontally to absorb horizontal vibration of the superstructure 31. The damper may be, for example, a vibration damper.

[0033] The weight container of the weight 21 may be a foldable bag. The empty weight container may be placed away from the ground surface S, for example, by hanging from the cross member 33. [Industrial Applicability]

[0034] The present invention is advantageously used in buildings. [Explanation of symbols]

[0035] 10 building, 11 foundation structure, 12 grounding member, 13 mounting frame, 21 weight or weight container, 31 superstructure, 32 outer edge, 33 Horizontal members, 41 Connection means, S Ground surface, Sl Slope.

Claims

1. a foundation structure that is placed on the ground surface and supports the superstructure from below; A weight container that holds a heavy object and is placed on the ground surface inside the building relative to the foundation structure; A building foundation structure comprising a connecting means for connecting the superstructure and the weight container to each other.

2. The building foundation structure according to claim 1 , wherein the connecting means is provided at two locations spaced apart in the horizontal direction.

3. 3. The building foundation structure according to claim 1, wherein the connecting means comprises one connecting portion that connects to the superstructure, another connecting portion that connects to the weight container, and a connecting device that selectively connects the one connecting portion and the other connecting portion to a connected state or a separated state.

4. The building foundation structure described in claim 3, wherein the connecting means further includes a sensor that detects earthquake shaking or wind pressure, and a drive unit that receives a command from the sensor when the sensor detects earthquake shaking or wind pressure and drives the connecting device to a connected state.

5. 3. A building foundation structure as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the connecting means is a structure that allows relative vertical movement while no horizontal force is applied to the superstructure, and restricts the relative horizontal movement while a horizontal force is applied to the superstructure.

6. The building foundation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the connecting means includes a damper that absorbs relative movement between the superstructure and the weight container.

7. A foundation structure of a building that rests on the ground; an upper structure supported from below by the foundation structure; a weight container that holds a heavy object and is placed on the ground surface inside the building relative to the foundation structure; and connecting means for interconnecting said superstructure and said weight container.

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