Laminated glass

Abstract

Provided is a laminated glass comprising an outer glass sheet, an inner glass sheet, a functional coating layer, and a functional film located between the outer glass sheet and the inner glass sheet. The functional coating layer is located on the surface of the outer glass sheet, the inner glass sheet, or the functional film, and is obtained by curing a functional paint containing an infrared absorbing agent and / or an ultraviolet absorbing agent as a raw material. The functional film includes at least two layers of resin film laminated alternately. The laminated glass has excellent heat shielding performance, ultraviolet ray blocking ability, and electromagnetic wave transmission performance.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] (CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS) This application claims priority based on a Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on March 10, 2022, application number 202210237283.6, entitled "Laminated Glass," the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates to the field of glass manufacturing technology, and in particular to laminated glass having a low solar heat gain coefficient. [Background technology]

[0003] Comfort during driving is becoming increasingly important. Under continuous sunlight, ultraviolet, visible, and infrared rays inside a car continuously increase the interior temperature and accelerate the deterioration of interior components. Therefore, while meeting the requirements for glass transmittance, further reducing the transmission of light rays or increasing the reflection of light rays can further reduce the rise in interior temperature and the deterioration of components, as well as prevent damage to the retina, skin, etc., caused by ultraviolet rays.

[0004] CN101168476A disclosed a baked, bendable, low-emissivity coated glass that, after being formed into a laminated insulating glass, has a visible light transmittance of 76% or more and a solar light transmittance of 53% or less.

[0005] CN108911528A discloses a double-sided coated heat-insulating automotive glass and manufacturing method thereof, in which a metal layer, an anti-ultraviolet layer, an infrared reflective layer, and a protective layer are coated on the glass surface by magnetron sputtering, thereby achieving an ultraviolet blocking rate of 92% below 355 nm and an infrared reflectance rate of over 60% in the 900-3000 nm range.

[0006] CN101168476A and CN108911528A block ultraviolet and infrared rays by incorporating a metal layer into the glass, achieving a certain degree of heat insulation and ultraviolet blocking effect. However, the metal layer also results in the final product having strong electromagnetic wave blocking properties. Furthermore, the current coating glass process is complicated, the equipment maintenance costs are high, and the implementation conditions are strict. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide laminated glass that can achieve good ultraviolet and infrared blocking performance through the synergistic effect of a functional film and a functional coating layer without using a magnetron sputtering coating process, thereby effectively reducing the solar heat gain coefficient, reducing costs, and not blocking electromagnetic signals. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a laminated glass comprising an outer glass sheet, an inner glass sheet, a functional coating layer, and a functional film, wherein the functional film is positioned between the outer glass sheet and the inner glass sheet, the functional coating layer is coated on the surface of the outer glass sheet, the surface of the inner glass sheet, or the surface of the functional film, the functional coating layer is capable of absorbing infrared and / or ultraviolet rays, the functional coating layer has a thickness of 3 μm-20 μm, the functional film comprises at least two alternating layers of resin film, and the functional film has a visible light transmittance of 70% or more.

[0009] In some specific embodiments, the functional coating layer is obtained by curing a functional paint, and the raw materials of the functional paint include an infrared absorber and / or an ultraviolet absorber.

[0010] In some specific embodiments, the functional film has a thickness of 50 μm-200 μm.

[0011] In some specific embodiments, the laminated glass has a visible light transmittance of 70% or more and a solar heat gain coefficient of 45% or less.

[0012] In some specific embodiments, the laminated glass has a visible light transmittance of 55% or less and a solar heat gain coefficient of 40% or less.

[0013] In some specific embodiments, the laminated glass has a visible light transmittance of 10% or less and a solar heat gain coefficient of 30% or less.

[0014] In some specific embodiments, the laminated glass has a visible light transmittance of 5% or less and a solar heat gain coefficient of 20% or less.

[0015] In some specific embodiments, the laminated glass may further include a dimming element located between the functional film and the inner glass plate.

[0016] In some specific embodiments, the light control element includes a PDLC light control film, an SPD light control film, an EC light control film, or the like.

[0017] In some specific embodiments, the laminated glass further includes at least one adhesive layer located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate.

[0018] In some specific embodiments, the material of the adhesive layer includes one or more combinations of PVB (polyvinyl butyral), PU (polyurethane), SGP (ionic polymer film), and EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer).

[0019] In some specific embodiments, the laminated glass includes at least two adhesive layers, one between the outer glass sheet and the functional film and one between the inner glass sheet and the functional film, wherein the adhesive layer between the outer glass sheet and the functional film has a visible light transmittance of 80% or more.

[0020] In some specific embodiments, the infrared reflectance of the functional film is 35% or more. Here, the infrared reflectance can be measured and calculated in accordance with ISO 9050, based on the reflectance of the functional film in the wavelength range of 780 nm to 2500 nm.

[0021] In some specific embodiments, the functional film may include a resin film consisting of 50 to 5000 layers laminated alternately. The difference in refractive index between adjacent resin films is 0.05 or greater.

[0022] In some specific embodiments, the material of the resin film includes one or a combination of two or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polylactic acid, poly(4-methylpentene-1), polyvinylidene fluoride, cyclic polyolefin, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyamide, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, and polyetherimide.

[0023] In some specific embodiments, the raw materials for the functional coating include a chelating agent, silica sol, a transparent resin, and an infrared absorber. The raw materials for the chelating agent include an ultraviolet absorber.

[0024] In some specific embodiments, the UV absorber in the chelating agent raw material may include one or a combination of two or more of benzophenone-based UV absorbers, benzimidazole-based UV absorbers, triazine-based UV absorbers, azo-based UV absorbers, isoindolinone-based UV absorbers, quinophthalone-based UV absorbers, and benzimidazolone-based UV absorbers. Specifically, the UV absorber may include Qingdao Jedejia BP-2, etc.

[0025] In some specific embodiments, the mass ratio of the chelating agent, the silica sol, the transparent resin, and the infrared absorbing agent is (5-20):100:(20-40):(1-15).

[0026] In some specific embodiments, the chelating agent source further comprises a first catalyst, a first coupling agent, and a first solvent.

[0027] In some specific embodiments, in the raw material of the chelating agent, the mass ratio of the ultraviolet absorber, the first catalyst, the first coupling agent, and the first solvent is (1-30):(0.01-1):(10-30):(40-60).

[0028] In some specific embodiments, the silica sol raw materials include a silicate, a second catalyst, a second coupling agent, a second solvent, and water.

[0029] In some specific embodiments, in the silica sol raw material, the mass ratio of the silicate, the second catalyst, the second coupling agent, the second solvent and water is (15-35):(0.01-1):(5-15):(30-60):(10-30).

[0030] In some specific embodiments, the transparent resin includes an epoxy resin or the like.

[0031] In some specific embodiments, the infrared absorber is a nanoparticle of a transparent conductive oxide, where the transparent conductive oxide is ITO, FTO, WO, Cs x It may also contain one or a combination of two or more of WO3, ATO and doped VO2.

[0032] In some specific embodiments, the laminated glass has a first vertical radius of curvature. The pre-formed functional film has a second vertical radius of curvature. The second vertical radius of curvature (of the pre-formed functional film) is 40%-100% of the first vertical radius of curvature (of the laminated glass). The pre-forming process refers to a process in which, before forming the laminated glass, a functional film is laid on a curved glass plate, and a functional paint is applied to the surface of the functional film and thermally cured. The surface of the pre-formed functional film has a functional coating layer.

[0033] In some specific embodiments, the outer glass sheet is clear glass or colored glass having a visible light transmittance of 70% or more, and the inner glass sheet is clear glass or colored glass having a visible light transmittance of 70% or more.

[0034] In some specific embodiments, the laminated glass further comprises a low-emissivity coating.

[0035] In some specific embodiments, the low-emissivity coating is deposited on the surface of the interior glass pane that is closest to the interior of the vehicle.

[0036] In some specific embodiments, the low-emissivity coating comprises at least one transparent conductive oxide layer.

[0037] In some specific embodiments, when the laminated glass includes a low-emissivity coating, the laminated glass has an emissivity of 0.01-0.25 measured from the inside of the vehicle. [Effects of the Invention]

[0038] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The solar heat gain coefficient (TTS) of the laminated glass provided by the present invention can be 45% or less, even 30% or less, or even 20% or less, and has excellent thermal insulation performance. The laminated glass can block at least 99% of ultraviolet rays in the 300-380 nm wavelength range, and can also block at least 99% of ultraviolet rays and visible light in the 300-420 nm wavelength range, which is beneficial for energy conservation of vehicle air conditioners, provides a comfortable driving environment, and reduces the deterioration of interior parts caused by ultraviolet radiation and the melanin deposition on the human body caused by long-term radiation. The laminated glass provided by the present invention also has good electromagnetic wave transmission performance and is easy to bend, meeting the needs of window glass used in different parts of vehicles. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0039] [Figure 1] Schematic diagrams of the structures of Examples 1 to 5 of the laminated glass described in the present invention [Figure 2] Schematic diagram of the structure of Example 6 of the laminated glass described in the present invention [Figure 3] Schematic diagram of the structure of Example 7 of the laminated glass described in the present invention [Figure 4] Schematic diagram of the structure of Example 8 of the laminated glass described in the present invention [Figure 5] Schematic diagram of the structure of Example 9 of the laminated glass described in the present invention [Figure 6] Schematic diagram of the structure of laminated glass containing the light control element according to the present invention. [Figure 7] Schematic diagram of the structure of laminated glass containing the low-emissivity coating according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0040] In order to provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and beneficial effects of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below, but this should not be understood as limiting the scope of the invention's applicability.

[0041] As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the present invention provides a laminated glass comprising an outer glass sheet 10, an inner glass sheet 60, a functional coating layer 30, and a functional film 40. The functional film 40 is located between the outer glass sheet 10 and the inner glass sheet 60. The functional coating layer 30 is formed on the surface of the outer glass sheet 10. (figure 2) The surface of the inner glass plate 60 (Figures 3 and 5), or the surface of the functional film 40 ( Figure 1, The functional film 40 includes at least two alternately laminated resin films, and the visible light transmittance of the functional film 40 is 70% or more.

[0042] In the present invention, the functional coating layer 30 is obtained by curing a functional paint, and the raw materials of the functional paint include an infrared absorbing agent and / or an ultraviolet absorbing agent.

[0043] In the present invention, the thickness of the functional film 40 is generally controlled to 50 μm-200 μm.

[0044] In the present invention, the laminated glass further includes at least one adhesive layer, for example, a first adhesive layer 20, a second adhesive layer 50, a third adhesive layer 80, etc., as shown in Figures 1-7. The adhesive layer is located between the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 60, and the material of the adhesive layer includes one or more combinations of PVB (polyvinyl butyral), PU (polyurethane), SGP (ionic polymer film), and EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer).

[0045] Furthermore, the laminated glass includes at least two adhesive layers, which are located between the outer glass plate 10 and the functional film 40 and between the inner glass plate 60 and the functional film 40, respectively, and the adhesive layer (e.g., the first adhesive layer 20) located between the outer glass plate 10 and the functional film 40 has a visible light transmittance of 80% or more.

[0046] In the present invention, after the laminated glass is attached to the vehicle, the outer glass plate 10 is located on the outside of the vehicle and has a first surface 11 facing the outside of the vehicle and a second surface 12 facing the inside of the vehicle. The inner glass plate 60 is located on the inside of the vehicle and has a third surface 61 facing the outside of the vehicle and a fourth surface 62 facing the inside of the vehicle. The functional film 40 has a first convex surface 41 facing the outer glass plate 10 and a second concave surface 42 facing the inner glass plate 60.

[0047] Here, the functional coating layer 30 is used to absorb ultraviolet and infrared rays, and the functional film 40 is used to reflect infrared rays. The synergistic effect of the functional coating layer 30 and the functional film 40 reduces the solar heat gain coefficient (TTS) of the laminated glass and blocks ultraviolet rays. In conventional technology, it is usually necessary to provide an infrared reflective coating containing at least one metal layer in the glass to reduce infrared radiation, but this infrared reflective coating causes problems with electromagnetic wave shielding. In the present invention, by providing the functional coating layer 30 and the functional film 40, it is not necessary to separately provide the above-mentioned infrared reflective coating, and the laminated glass does not shield electromagnetic waves, thereby ensuring the transmission of communication signals. The solar heat gain coefficient (TTS) of the laminated glass of the present invention can be 45% or less, and at least 99% of ultraviolet rays in the wavelength range of 300nm-380nm can be blocked.

[0048] In some specific embodiments, the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass is 70% or more, and the solar heat gain coefficient of the laminated glass is 45% or less. Specifically, the solar heat gain coefficient may be 19%-45%, for example, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, etc. Alternatively, the solar heat gain coefficient may be 19% or less. The laminated glass satisfies the requirements for heat shielding and the requirements for safe driving standards, and can be used as a windshield, side window, rear window, or roof window.

[0049] In some specific embodiments, the laminated glass has a visible light transmittance of 55% or less and a solar heat gain coefficient of 40% or less. The laminated glass meets the requirements for heat insulation and privacy protection inside the vehicle, and can be used as side glass, rear window, or roof glass.

[0050] In some specific embodiments, the laminated glass has a visible light transmittance of 10% or less and a solar heat gain coefficient of 30% or less. The laminated glass meets the heat-shielding requirements while also meeting the requirements of low visible light transmittance, even ultra-low visible light transmittance, making it suitable for use as roof glass. This achieves the goal of eliminating traditional sunroof shades, increasing interior space, and reducing overall vehicle costs. Furthermore, the laminated glass of the present invention has a visible light transmittance of 5% or less, or even 4% or less, 3% or less, 2% or less, or 1% or less, and a solar heat gain coefficient of 20% or less, specifically, for example, 19% or less, 18% or less, 17% or less, 16% or less, 15% or less, 14% or less, 13% or less, 12% or less, 11% or less, or 10% or less.

[0051] In some specific embodiments, the laminated glass with low visible light transmittance may further include a dimming element. As shown in Figure 6, the dimming element 70 is located between the functional film 40 and the inner glass plate 60 and is used to adjust the visible light transmittance and solar heat gain coefficient of the laminated glass.

[0052] In some specific embodiments, the laminated glass may further include a low-emissivity (Low-E) coating. As shown in Figure 7, the low-emissivity coating 90 is deposited on the fourth surface 62 of the inner glass plate 60 to further reduce the radiation intensity into the vehicle.

[0053] In some specific embodiments, both the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 60 are bent glass plates. The bent glass plate used in the present invention may be obtained by heat-treating flat glass at a high temperature of 560°C or higher and then bending it. In the present invention, it is not necessary to separately provide an infrared reflective coating containing at least one metal layer (for example, a single-layer silver infrared reflective coating, a double-layer silver infrared reflective coating, a triple-layer silver infrared reflective coating, a quadruple-layer silver infrared reflective coating, etc., known to those skilled in the art) on the surfaces of the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 60, solving the difficult problem that the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 60 cannot be bent at the same time, reducing the difficulty of bending and producing the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 60, and improving the production efficiency of bending.

[0054] The laminated glass described in the present invention can be classified as an absorbing-reflecting laminated glass or a reflecting-absorbing laminated glass depending on the relative positions of the functional coating layer 30 and the functional film 40. For example, Figs. 1 and 2 show an absorbing-reflecting laminated glass, and Figs. 3 to 7 show a reflecting-absorbing laminated glass.

[0055] In Figures 1 and 2, the functional coating layer 30 is located outside the functional film 40, meaning that the functional coating layer 30 is closer to the outer glass panel 10 than the functional film 40. In this way, when sunlight is irradiated from the outside of the vehicle to the inside, a portion is first absorbed by the functional coating layer 30, and then a portion is reflected by the functional film 40, thereby reducing the solar heat gain coefficient (TTS) and blocking most of the ultraviolet rays.

[0056] As shown in Figure 1, when viewed from outside the vehicle toward the inside, the laminated glass is structured, in order, as an outer glass sheet 10, a first adhesive layer 20, a functional coating layer 30, a functional film 40, a second adhesive layer 50, and an inner glass sheet 60, with the functional coating layer 30 coated on the first convex surface 41 of the functional film 40.

[0057] As shown in Figure 2, when viewed from outside the vehicle toward the inside, the laminated glass is structured in the following order: outer glass sheet 10, functional coating layer 30, first adhesive layer 20, functional film 40, second adhesive layer 50, and inner glass sheet 60, with the functional coating layer 30 coated on the second surface 12 of the outer glass sheet 10.

[0058] As shown in Figures 3 to 7, the functional film 40 is located outside the functional coating layer 30, that is, the functional film 40 is closer to the outer glass plate 10 than the functional coating layer 30. When sunlight is irradiated from the outside of the vehicle to the inside, a portion of it is first reflected by the functional film 40, and then a portion is absorbed by the functional coating layer 30, thereby reducing the solar heat gain coefficient (TTS) and blocking most of the ultraviolet rays.

[0059] As shown in Figure 3, when viewed from outside the vehicle toward the inside, the laminated glass structure consists of an outer glass sheet 10, a first adhesive layer 20, a functional film 40, a second adhesive layer 50, a functional coating layer 30, and an inner glass sheet 60, with the functional coating layer 30 coated on the third surface 61 of the inner glass sheet 60.

[0060] As shown in Figure 4, when viewed from outside the vehicle toward the inside, the laminated glass structure consists of an outer glass sheet 10, a first adhesive layer 20, a functional film 40, a functional coating layer 30, a second adhesive layer 50, and an inner glass sheet 60, in that order, and the functional coating layer 30 is coated on the second concave surface 42 of the functional film 40.

[0061] As shown in Figure 5, when viewed from outside the vehicle toward the inside, the laminated glass structure consists of an outer glass sheet 10, a first adhesive layer 20, a functional film 40, a second adhesive layer 50, an inner glass sheet 60, and a functional coating layer 30, with the functional coating layer 30 being coated on the fourth surface 62 of the inner glass sheet 60.

[0062] As shown in Figure 6, when viewed from outside the vehicle towards the interior, the laminated glass structure consists of, in order, an outer glass plate 10, a first adhesive layer 20, a functional film 40, a functional coating layer 30, a second adhesive layer 50, a dimming element 70, a third adhesive layer 80, and an inner glass plate 60. The functional coating layer 30 is coated on the second concave surface 42 of the functional film 40, and the dimming element 70 is located between the functional coating layer 30 and the inner glass plate 60. More specifically, the dimming element 70 is located between the second adhesive layer 50 and the third adhesive layer 80.

[0063] In Figure 6, the dimming element 70 used in the laminated glass may be a PDLC dimming film, an SPD dimming film, or an EC dimming film. Preferably, both the functional coating layer 30 and the functional film 40 are located on the outside of the dimming element 70. This reduces the solar heat gain coefficient of the laminated glass and blocks ultraviolet rays, while also preventing the dimming element from degrading due to sunlight and extending the service life of the dimming element.

[0064] As shown in Figure 7, when viewed from outside the vehicle towards the interior, the laminated glass structure consists, in order, of an outer glass plate 10, a first adhesive layer 20, a functional film 40, a functional coating layer 30, a second adhesive layer 50, an inner glass plate 60, and a low-emissivity coating 90. The functional coating layer 30 is coated on the second concave surface 42 of the functional film 40, and the low-emissivity coating 90 is deposited on the fourth surface 62 of the inner glass plate, that is, on the side of the inner glass plate 60 closest to the interior of the vehicle.

[0065] In FIG. 7, the low-emissivity coating 90 in the laminated glass includes at least one transparent conductive oxide layer (TCO layer), examples of which include an ITO (indium tin oxide) layer, an FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) layer, an ATO (antimony-doped tin oxide) layer, and an AZO (aluminum-doped zinc oxide) layer. The low-emissivity coating 90 can reduce the emissivity of the laminated glass measured from the inside of the vehicle. In the present invention, the laminated glass with the low-emissivity coating has an emissivity of 0.01-0.25 measured from the inside of the vehicle. This has the effect of keeping the interior of the vehicle warmer in winter and cooler in summer, reducing the energy consumption of air conditioners for heating and cooling, and offering advantages such as energy saving and environmental friendliness.

[0066] The functional coating layer 30 of the present invention absorbs visible light and can reduce the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass to less than 70%, or less than 60%, or less than 50%, or less than 40%, or less than 30%, or less than 20%, or less than 10%, or less than 5%. In particular, for visible light in the 380-420 nm wavelength range, the laminated glass has a visible light transmittance of 1% or less in the 380-420 nm wavelength range, and the laminated glass of the present invention has a visible light transmittance of 1% or less in the 300-380 nm wavelength range. Therefore, the laminated glass of the present invention can block at least 99% of ultraviolet and visible light in the 300-420 nm wavelength range through the functional coating layer 30. In some specific embodiments, the use of standard PVB as an adhesive layer is preferred over the use of EVA or UV-enhanced PVB as an adhesive layer. Standard PVB not only provides adhesion but also protects light control elements and other components from UV degradation, significantly reducing the cost of the laminated glass and improving product competitiveness.

[0067] In some specific embodiments, the outer glass sheet 10 is clear glass or colored glass having a visible light transmittance of 70% or more, and the inner glass sheet 60 is clear glass or colored glass having a visible light transmittance of 70% or more. Because the functional coating layer 30 used in the present invention can effectively absorb visible light, there is no need to use low-transmittance colored glass as the outer glass sheet or the inner glass sheet when selecting the outer glass sheet or the inner glass sheet, which significantly reduces the cost of the laminated glass and improves the product competitiveness.

[0068] In the present invention, the thickness of the functional film 40 is controlled to 50 μm-200 μm, and the visible light transmittance of the functional film is 70% or more, which is characterized by being thin and having excellent light transmittance. The infrared reflectance of the functional film 40 used in the present invention is 35% or more, and the functional film 40 comprises 50-5000 layers of alternating resin films, which can reduce the solar heat gain coefficient of the laminated glass without blocking electromagnetic waves. Preferably, the functional film 40 includes 100-2000 alternating layers of resin films, specifically, for example, 100 layers, 200 layers, 300 layers, 400 layers, 500 layers, 600 layers, 700 layers, 800 layers, 900 layers, 1000 layers, 1100 layers, 1200 layers, 1300 layers, 1400 layers, 1500 layers, 1600 layers, 1700 layers, 1800 layers, 1900 layers, 2000 layers, etc. The difference in refractive index between adjacent resin films is 0.05 or more, and the difference in refractive index between adjacent resin films is preferably 0.1 or more, specifically, for example, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, etc. In some specific embodiments, the material of the resin film includes one or a combination of two or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polylactic acid, poly4-methylpentene-1, polyvinylidene fluoride, cyclic polyolefin, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyamide, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, and polyetherimide.

[0069] In the present invention, the raw materials for the functional coating include a chelating agent, silica sol, transparent resin, and infrared absorbent, and the raw materials for the chelating agent include an ultraviolet absorbent. Here, the mass ratio of the chelating agent, silica sol, transparent resin, and infrared absorbent is (5-20):100:(20-40):(1-15).

[0070] In some specific embodiments, the UV absorber may be one or a combination of two or more of a benzophenone-based UV absorber, a benzimidazole-based UV absorber, a triazine-based UV absorber, an azo-based UV absorber, an isoindolinone-based UV absorber, a quinophthalone-based UV absorber, or a benzimidazolone-based UV absorber, such as Qingdao Jedejia BP-2.

[0071] In some specific embodiments, the infrared absorber is transparent conductive oxide nanoparticles, and the transparent conductive oxide is ITO (indium tin oxide), FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide), WO3 (tungsten(VI) oxide), Cs x It contains at least one of WO3 (cesium-doped tungsten(VI) oxide, CWO), ATO (antimond-doped tin oxide), and doped VO2 (doped vanadium dioxide).

[0072] In the raw materials of the functional paint, the transparent resin is a resin that is soluble in water and easily soluble in organic solvents. The transparent resin can be modified by coating with an ultraviolet absorber or an infrared absorber to further improve the dispersion of these two absorbers in the solvent. In some specific embodiments, the transparent resin is an epoxy resin. The epoxy bond of the epoxy resin generates radicals during the curing process of the functional paint, which can promote the curing of the functional coating layer and further enhance the toughness of the formed functional coating layer.

[0073] In some specific embodiments, the UV absorber is added to the functional coating layer as a chelating agent. The raw materials for the chelating agent specifically include the UV absorber, a first catalyst, a first coupling agent, and a first solvent. The mass ratio of the UV absorber, the first catalyst, the first coupling agent, and the first solvent is (1-30):(0.01-1):(10-30):(40-60). Here, the first catalyst includes one or a combination of two or more of dibutyltin dilaurate, an organobismuth catalyst (e.g., bismuth isooctanoate), and stannous octoate. The first coupling agent is a silane coupling agent, such as one or a combination of two or more of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ-(2,3-glycidoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. The first solvent includes one or a combination of two or more of butyl acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether, isobutyl acetate, and xylene.

[0074] In some specific embodiments, the silica sol raw materials include a silicate, a second catalyst, a second coupling agent, a second solvent, and water. The mass ratio of the silicate, the second catalyst, the second coupling agent, the second solvent, and water is (15-35):(0.01-1):(5-15):(30-60):(10-30). Here, the silicate includes a silicate ester and / or an oxysilane, such as methyl orthosilicate, ethyl orthosilicate, trimethoxysilane, triethoxysilane, and dimethyldimethoxysilane, or a combination of two or more thereof. The second catalyst may include an acid, an alkali, or the like, such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and ammonia water, or a combination of two or more thereof. The second coupling agent may include one or a combination of two or more of a silane coupling agent, such as 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ-(2,3-glycidoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. The second solvent may include one or a combination of two or more of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, and propylene glycol methyl ether.

[0075] 1-7, the functional coating layer 30 may be coated on the second surface 12 of the outer glass sheet 10 (FIG. 2), the first convex surface 41 of the functional film 40 (FIG. 1), the second concave surface 42 of the functional film 40 (FIGS. 4, 6, and 7), the third surface 61 of the inner glass sheet 60 (FIG. 3), or the fourth surface 62 of the inner glass sheet (FIG. 5). The present invention is not limited thereto, and it is understood that multiple functional coating layers 30 may be provided, and the multiple functional coating layers 30 may be coated simultaneously on at least two of the above surfaces. For example, the functional coating layer 30 is simultaneously coated on the second surface 12 of the outer glass sheet 10 and the third surface 61 of the inner glass sheet 60.

[0076] In the present invention, the functional coating layer 30 is obtained by curing the functional paint. The curing temperature may be 70°C-150°C (e.g., 80°C, 100°C, 120°C, 150°C), and the curing time may be 10 minutes-200 minutes.

[0077] In some specific embodiments, the laminated glass, the inner glass plate 60 and / or the outer glass plate 10 have a first vertical radius of curvature. In the present invention, the first vertical radius of curvature is the vertical radius of curvature of the final shape after the outer glass plate 10 and / or the inner glass plate 60 have been bent and formed, and at the same time, the first vertical radius of curvature is also the vertical radius of curvature of the laminated glass consisting of the outer glass plate 10, the inner glass plate 60, the functional coating layer 30, the functional film 40, etc. In specific embodiments, the first vertical radius of curvature is the radius of curvature of the arc from the base to the apex after the laminated glass has been mounted on a vehicle. The first vertical radius of curvature is preferably 4000 mm to 15000 mm.

[0078] In some specific embodiments, the functional coating layer 30 is coated on the surface of the functional film 40, for example, on a first convex surface 41 and / or a second concave surface 42 of the functional film 40. Because the functional film 40 has a certain degree of flexibility, pre-forming the functional film 40 coated with the functional coating layer 30 before forming the laminated glass results in the functional film 40 having a second vertical radius of curvature after pre-forming. By setting the second vertical radius of curvature of the pre-formed functional film 40 to 40%-100% of the first vertical radius of curvature of the laminated glass, the functional film 40 coated with the functional coating layer 30 can have a curved surface that is substantially similar to the final shape of the laminated glass. This reduces or eliminates the problem of wrinkles in the functional film during subsequent production processes of the laminated glass (e.g., during autoclave processing), and allows it to further conform to the curved surface of the outer or inner glass plate.

[0079] Specifically, the pre-forming process involves preparing a bent glass plate having a first vertical curvature radius, laying a functional film 40 on the convex or concave surface of the bent glass plate, and then applying a functional paint to the first convex surface 41 or the second concave surface 42 of the functional film 40 (for example, if the functional film 40 is laid on the concave surface of the bent glass and the first convex surface 41 of the functional film 40 is attached to the bent glass, the functional paint is accordingly applied to the second concave surface 42 of the functional film 40, and vice versa), and then heat-curing them together (for example, in an oven) at a heat-curing temperature of 70°C-150°C to obtain a functional film 40 coated with a functional coating layer 30 having a pre-formed (pre-bent) second vertical curvature radius.

[0080] In the present invention, when the functional coating layer 30 in the laminated glass is located on the surface of the functional film 40, the manufacturing method of the laminated glass may include the following steps. 1. The functional film 40 is laid on a bent glass plate, and a functional paint is applied to the surface of the functional film 40 away from the bent glass plate, and then thermally cured to obtain a functional film 40 having a second vertical curvature radius after preforming. 2. The preformed functional film is laminated in order to an inner glass plate 60 having a first perpendicular curvature radius and an outer glass plate 10 to obtain a laminated glass.

[0081] The outer and inner glass sheets used in the following examples and comparative examples are all bent glass sheets, and both surfaces of each bent glass sheet are divided into convex and concave surfaces depending on the degree of curvature. In use, the first surface of the outer glass sheet is convex, the second surface of the outer glass sheet is concave, the third surface of the inner glass sheet is convex, and the fourth surface of the inner glass sheet is concave.

[0082] The chelating agents used in the following examples were prepared as follows.

[0083] Chelating agent A is prepared by mixing 2 parts by mass of ultraviolet absorber (Qingdao Jie De Jia BP-2), 0.002 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, 2 parts of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, and 5 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether (as the first solvent), and then heating and refluxing the mixture to obtain chelating agent A. Chelating agent B is prepared by mixing 2.5 parts by mass of ultraviolet absorber (Qingdao Jie De Jia 1226), 0.002 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, 2.5 parts of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, and 5 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether (as the first solvent), heating, refluxing, and stirring to obtain chelating agent B.

[0084] In the present invention, the ultraviolet absorber is added to the functional coating layer as a chelating agent, contributing to better compatibility between the ultraviolet absorber and silica sol, and improving the stability of the functional coating layer.

[0085] The silica sol C used in the following examples and comparative examples was prepared as follows.

[0086] Mix 20 parts by mass of ethyl orthosilicate, 1 part of 0.1N nitric acid solution, 10 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 50 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether, and 20 parts of deionized water, and stir to obtain silica sol C.

[0087] The functional film used in the following examples is a commercially available infrared reflective film, such as Toray's Picasus IR film, which has a reflectance of at least 35% for infrared light in the 780nm-2500nm range. This functional film consists of 100-2000 layers of alternately laminated resin film, with a thickness of 50μm-200μm and a visible light transmittance of 70% or more.

[0088] <Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-5> Example 1 Example 1 provides a laminated glass, the manufacturing method of which includes: 1, chelating agent A 10g, silica sol C 70g, epoxy resin 17g, infrared absorber (Cs x After mixing with 2g of WO3 and stirring uniformly, a functional coating material was obtained. 2. A bent glass plate having a first vertical radius of curvature was prepared as the inner glass plate 60. A functional film 40 was laid on the convex surface of the bent glass plate (this bent glass plate was different from the inner glass plate 60; the same applies to all of the following Examples and Comparative Examples). A functional paint was then applied to the first convex surface 41 of the functional film 40, and these were then thermally cured together in an oven to obtain a functional film 40 coated with a preformed functional coating layer 30 having a second vertical radius of curvature. The thickness of the functional coating layer 30 was 3.2 μm. Here, the second vertical radius of curvature was 75% of the first vertical radius of curvature. 3. Another bent glass sheet having a first vertical curvature radius was used as the outer glass sheet 10 (equal to the first vertical curvature radius of the inner glass sheet 60; the same applies to the following examples and comparative examples), and two standard PVB sheets were used as the first adhesive layer 20 and the second adhesive layer 50. The two bent glass sheets, the two standard PVB sheets, and the functional film 40 coated with the functional coating layer 30 were laminated in the stacking order shown in Figure 1, and laminated glass D1 was obtained according to the automotive glass production process.

[0089] Example 2 Example 2 provides a laminated glass, the manufacturing method of which includes: 1, chelating agent B 10g, silica sol C 70g, epoxy resin 17g, infrared absorber (Cs x After mixing with 2g of WO3 and stirring uniformly, a functional coating material was obtained. 2. A bent glass plate having a first vertical radius of curvature was prepared as the inner glass plate 60. A functional film 40 was laid on the convex surface of the bent glass plate. A functional paint was then applied to the first convex surface 41 of the functional film 40. Then, these were thermally cured together in an oven to obtain a functional film 40 coated with a preformed functional coating layer 30 having a second vertical radius of curvature. The thickness of the functional coating layer 30 was 5.2 μm. Here, the second vertical radius of curvature was 75% of the first vertical radius of curvature. 3. Another bent glass sheet having the first perpendicular curvature radius was used as the outer glass sheet 10, and two standard PVB sheets were used as the first adhesive layer 20 and the second adhesive layer 50. The two bent glass sheets, the two standard PVB sheets, and the functional film 40 coated with the functional coating layer 30 were laminated in the stacking order shown in Figure 1, and laminated glass D2 was obtained according to the automotive glass production process.

[0090] Example 3 Example 3 provides a laminated glass, the manufacturing method of which includes: 1, chelating agent A 10g, silica sol C 70g, epoxy resin 17g, infrared absorber (Cs x After mixing with 4 g of WO3 and stirring uniformly, a functional coating material was obtained. 2. A bent glass plate having a first vertical radius of curvature was prepared as the inner glass plate 60. A functional film 40 was laid on the convex surface of the bent glass plate. A functional paint was then applied to the first convex surface 41 of the functional film 40. Then, these were thermally cured together in an oven to obtain a functional film 40 coated with a preformed functional coating layer 30 having a second vertical radius of curvature. The thickness of the functional coating layer 30 was 5.1 μm. Here, the second vertical radius of curvature was 75% of the first vertical radius of curvature. 3. Another bent glass sheet having the first perpendicular curvature radius was used as the outer glass sheet 10, and two standard PVB sheets were used as the first adhesive layer 20 and the second adhesive layer 50. The two bent glass sheets, the two standard PVB sheets, and the functional film 40 coated with the functional coating layer 30 were laminated in the order shown in Figure 1, and laminated glass D3 was obtained according to the automotive glass production process.

[0091] Example 4 Example 4 provides a laminated glass, the manufacturing method of which includes: 1, chelating agent A 10g, silica sol C 70g, epoxy resin 17g, infrared absorber (Cs x After mixing with 6.2 g of WO3 and stirring uniformly, a functional coating material was obtained. 2. A bent glass plate having a first vertical radius of curvature was prepared as the inner glass plate 60. A functional film 40 was laid on the convex surface of the bent glass plate. A functional paint was then applied to the first convex surface 41 of the functional film 40. Then, these were thermally cured together in an oven to obtain a functional film 40 coated with a preformed functional coating layer 30 having a second vertical radius of curvature. The thickness of the functional coating layer 30 was 5.4 μm. Here, the second vertical radius of curvature was 75% of the first vertical radius of curvature. 3. Another bent glass sheet with the first perpendicular curvature radius was used as the outer glass sheet 10, and two standard PVB sheets were used as the first adhesive layer 20 and the second adhesive layer 50. The two bent glass sheets, the two standard PVB sheets, and the functional film 40 coated with the functional coating layer 30 were laminated in the order shown in Figure 1, and laminated glass D4 was obtained according to the automotive glass production process.

[0092] Example 5 Example 5 provides a laminated glass, the manufacturing method of which includes: 1, chelating agent A 10g, silica sol C 70g, epoxy resin 17g, infrared absorber (Cs x After mixing with 7.3 g of WO3 and stirring uniformly, a functional coating material was obtained. 2. A bent glass plate having a first vertical radius of curvature was prepared as the inner glass plate 60. A functional film 40 was laid on the convex surface of the bent glass plate. A functional paint was then applied to the first convex surface 41 of the functional film 40. Then, these were thermally cured together in an oven to obtain a functional film 40 coated with a preformed functional coating layer 30 having a second vertical radius of curvature. The thickness of the functional coating layer 30 was 5.2 μm. Here, the second vertical radius of curvature was 75% of the first vertical radius of curvature. 3. Another bent glass sheet with the first perpendicular curvature radius was used as the outer glass sheet 10, and two standard PVB sheets were used as the first adhesive layer 20 and the second adhesive layer 50. The two bent glass sheets, the two standard PVB sheets, and the functional film 40 coated with the functional coating layer 30 were laminated in the order shown in Figure 1, and laminated glass D5 was obtained according to the automotive glass production process.

[0093] (Comparative Example 1) Comparative Example 1 provides a laminated glass, the manufacturing method of which includes: 1. 80 g of silica sol C and 20 g of epoxy resin were mixed and uniformly stirred to obtain a comparative paint. This comparative paint is used in place of the functional paints of Examples 1-5. 2. A bent glass plate having a first vertical radius of curvature was prepared as the inner glass plate 60. A functional film 40 was placed on the convex surface of the bent glass plate. The comparative coating material was then applied to the first convex surface 41 of the functional film 40, and the two were then thermally cured together in an oven to obtain a functional film 40 coated with a comparative coating layer having a preformed second vertical radius of curvature. The comparative coating layer had a thickness of 5.1 μm. Here, the second vertical radius of curvature was 75% of the first vertical radius of curvature. 3. Another bent glass sheet having the first vertical curvature radius was used as the outer glass sheet 10, and two standard PVB sheets were used as the first adhesive layer 20 and the second adhesive layer 50. The two bent glass sheets, the two standard PVB sheets, and the functional film 40 coated with the comparative coating layer were laminated in the stacking order shown in Figure 1, and laminated glass S1 was obtained according to the automotive glass production process.

[0094] The laminated glass S1 obtained in Comparative Example 1 and the laminated glasses D1 to D5 obtained in Examples 1 to 5 were each tested for visible light transmittance, ultraviolet light transmittance, solar heat gain coefficient, average transmittance in the wavelength range of 300 nm to 420 nm, signal shielding effect, etc., and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0095] Regarding visible light transmittance, the transmission spectrum of the laminated glass in the wavelength range of 250 nm to 2500 nm was measured using a spectrophotometer, and the visible light transmittance TL in the range of 380 nm to 780 nm was calculated according to the standard "ISO 9050 Measurement of light transmittance, direct daylight factor, solar heat gain coefficient, ultraviolet transmittance and gloss coefficient of such building glass."

[0096] Regarding ultraviolet transmittance, the ultraviolet transmittance TUV of 300 nm to 380 nm was calculated according to the standard "ISO 9050 Measurement of building glass light transmittance, direct daylight coefficient, solar heat gain coefficient and ultraviolet transmittance and their gloss coefficients."

[0097] Regarding the solar heat gain coefficient, the solar heat gain coefficient (TTS) was calculated from the transmittance spectrum of the laminated glass in the wavelength range of 250nm-2500nm.

[0098] The average transmittance in the wavelength range of 300 nm to 420 nm was calculated from the transmission spectrum of the laminated glass in the wavelength range of 250 nm to 2500 nm.

[0099] The signal shielding effect was tested based on the "GJB6190-2008 Electromagnetic Shielding Material Shielding Effect Measurement Method," and the test frequency band was 1GHz-18GHz.

[0100] In the present invention, the thickness of the functional coating layer and the comparative coating layer is measured by a step gauge.

[0101] Table 1 shows the test results for Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1 to 5.

[0102] [Table 1]

[0103] As can be seen from Table 1, compared to a paint without chelating agents and infrared absorbers (Comparative Example 1), the paints containing chelating agents and infrared absorbers provided in the present invention (Examples 1-5) exhibit better absorption effects for visible light, control the solar heat gain coefficient to 45% or less, and do not cause signal blockage problems.

[0104] <Comparative Example 2 and Examples 6-9> Examples 6 to 9 used the same functional paint as Example 3, except that the relative positional relationship between the functional coating layer 30 and the functional film 40 was different, and the thickness of the functional coating layer formed after curing was also the same.

[0105] Example 3 As shown in Figure 1, the laminated glass D3 has a structure consisting of, from the outside to the inside of the vehicle, an outer glass sheet 10, a first adhesive layer 20, a functional coating layer 30, a functional film 40, a second adhesive layer 50, and an inner glass sheet 60, and the functional coating layer 30 is coated on the first convex surface 41 of the functional film 40.

[0106] Example 6: As shown in Figure 2, the laminated glass D6 has a structure consisting of, from the outside to the inside of the vehicle, an outer glass sheet 10, a functional coating layer 30, a first adhesive layer 20, a functional film 40, a second adhesive layer 50, and an inner glass sheet 60, and the functional coating layer 30 is coated on the second surface 12 of the outer glass sheet 10.

[0107] (Example 7) As shown in Figure 3, the laminated glass D7 has a structure consisting of, from the outside to the inside of the vehicle, an outer glass plate 10, a first adhesive layer 20, a functional film 40, a second adhesive layer 50, a functional coating layer 30, and an inner glass plate 60, with the functional coating layer 30 coated on the third surface 61 of the inner glass plate 60.

[0108] (Example 8) As shown in Figure 4, the laminated glass D8 has a structure consisting of, from the outside to the inside of the vehicle, an outer glass sheet 10, a first adhesive layer 20, a functional film 40, a functional coating layer 30, a second adhesive layer 50, and an inner glass sheet 60, with the functional coating layer 30 coated on the second concave surface 42 of the functional film 40, and the functional film 40 coated with the functional coating layer 30 undergoing a preforming process.

[0109] (Example 9) As shown in Figure 5, the laminated glass D9 has a structure consisting of an outer glass plate 10, a first adhesive layer 20, a functional film 40, a second adhesive layer 50, an inner glass plate 60, and a functional coating layer 30, in order from the outside to the inside of the vehicle, with the functional coating layer 30 coated on the fourth surface 62 of the inner glass plate 60.

[0110] (Comparative Example 2) In the case of ordinary laminated glass, two curved glass sheets and one standard PVB sheet were laminated to obtain laminated glass S2 according to the automotive glass production process.

[0111] Laminated glass S2 obtained in Comparative Example 2, and laminated glass D3 and D6-D9 obtained in Examples 3 and 6 to 9 were subjected to tests such as solar heat gain coefficient, 24-hour UV aging resistance, 48-hour UV aging resistance, and wrinkle count evaluation, and the test results are recorded in Table 2.

[0112] Regarding UV aging resistance, in accordance with the requirements of standard GB / T5137.3-2020 "Automotive Safety Glass Test Methods Part 3: Irradiation, High Temperature, Humidity, Combustion, and Simulated Climate Tests," laminated glass was irradiated with ultraviolet light for 24 hours and 48 hours, respectively, and the change in visible light transmittance before and after UV irradiation was measured as ΔTL = TL. 後 -TL 前 was measured.

[0113] To evaluate the number of wrinkles, the number of areas where wrinkles appeared on the adhesive layer and functional film of the laminated glass was observed with the naked eye under irradiation with an inspection light source, and a glass with 100 sheets of laminated glass with 10 or fewer wrinkled areas was considered to have passed.

[0114] Table 2 shows the test results for Comparative Example 2, Example 3, and Examples 6-9.

[0115] [Table 2]

[0116] As can be seen from Table 2, the experimental results of all six sets described above all met the requirements for the 24-hour UV aging resistance test of automotive laminated glass. Of these, Examples 3 and 6 showed superior results in the 48-hour UV aging resistance test compared to the other sets of examples. This is mainly because the infrared absorbers and ultraviolet absorbers in the functional coating layer provided a certain level of protection to the functional film. At the same time, the experimental results of all six sets described above all met the requirements for wrinkle count evaluation. Of these, Examples 3 and 8 had fewer areas where wrinkles occurred compared to the other sets of examples. This means that the functional coating layer reduced or eliminated the wrinkle problem of the functional film after the pre-forming process, thereby enhancing the stability of the product. [Explanation of symbols]

[0117] 10 Outer glass panel 11. First surface of the outer glass plate 12 The outer glass plate 2 surface 20 1st adhesive layer 30 Functional coating layer 40 Functional Films 41. First convex surface of functional film 42 Second concave surface of functional film 50 Second adhesive layer 60 Inner glass plate 61 Third surface of the inner glass plate 62 Fourth surface of inner glass plate 70 Dimming element 80 Third adhesive layer 90 Low-emission coating

Claims

1. A laminated glass comprising an outer glass sheet, an inner glass sheet, a functional coating layer, and a functional film, the functional film is located between the outer glass sheet and the inner glass sheet, the functional coating layer is coated on a surface of the outer glass sheet, a surface of the inner glass sheet, or a surface of the functional film; the functional coating layer is obtained by curing a functional paint, The functional coating layer is capable of absorbing infrared and ultraviolet rays, The thickness of the functional coating layer is 3 μm-20 μm, The functional film includes at least two resin films alternately laminated together, The functional film has a visible light transmittance of 70% or more, the functional coating material contains a mixture of a chelating agent, a silica sol, a transparent resin, and an infrared absorbing agent, and the mass ratio of the chelating agent, the silica sol, the transparent resin, and the infrared absorbing agent is (5-20):100:(20-40):(1-15); the chelating agent includes a mixture of an ultraviolet absorber, a first catalyst, a first coupling agent, and a first solvent, and the mass ratio of the ultraviolet absorber, the first catalyst, the first coupling agent, and the first solvent is (1-30):(0.01-1):(10-30):(40-60); Laminated glass characterized by:

2. 2. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the functional film has a thickness of 50 μm to 200 μm.

3. The laminated glass has a visible light transmittance of 70% or more and a solar heat gain coefficient of 45% or less, Alternatively, the laminated glass has a visible light transmittance of 55% or less and a solar heat gain coefficient of 40% or less, Alternatively, the laminated glass has a visible light transmittance of 10% or less and a solar heat gain coefficient of 30% or less, Alternatively, the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass is 5% or less, and the solar heat gain coefficient of the laminated glass is 20% or less. The laminated glass according to claim 1 .

4. The laminated glass further includes a light control element located between the functional film and the inner glass sheet, and the light control element includes one of a PDLC light control film, an SPD light control film, and an EC light control film. The laminated glass according to claim 3 .

5. The laminated glass further includes at least one adhesive layer positioned between the outer glass sheet and the inner glass sheet, and the material of the adhesive layer includes one or a combination of two or more of PVB, PU, ​​SGP, and EVA. The laminated glass according to claim 1 .

6. The laminated glass includes at least two adhesive layers located between the outer glass sheet and the functional film and between the inner glass sheet and the functional film, and the adhesive layer located between the outer glass sheet and the functional film has a visible light transmittance of 80% or more. The laminated glass according to claim 5 .

7. The functional film has an infrared reflectance of 35% or more, and the functional film includes 50 to 5,000 alternately laminated resin films, and the difference in refractive index between adjacent resin films is 0.05 or more. The laminated glass according to claim 1 .

8. the silica sol comprises a mixture of a silicate, a second catalyst, a second coupling agent, a second solvent, and water, wherein the mass ratio of the silicate, the second catalyst, the second coupling agent, the second solvent, and the water is (15-35):(0.01-1):(5-15):(30-60):(10-30); and / or the transparent resin comprises an epoxy resin; and / or, the infrared absorber is ITO, FTO, WO ３ , Cs ｘ WO ３ , ATO and doped VO ２ These are nanoparticles of a transparent conductive oxide containing one or a combination of two or more of the following: The laminated glass according to claim 1 .

9. the laminated glass has a first vertical radius of curvature; the preformed functional film has a second perpendicular radius of curvature that is 40%-100% of the first perpendicular radius of curvature; The surface of the preformed functional film has a functional coating layer; The laminated glass according to claim 1 .

10. the outer glass plate is a transparent glass having a visible light transmittance of 70% or more or a colored glass having a visible light transmittance of 70% or more, The inner glass plate is a transparent glass having a visible light transmittance of 70% or more or a colored glass having a visible light transmittance of 70% or more. The laminated glass according to claim 1 .

11. The laminated glass further includes a low-emissivity coating deposited on a surface of the inner glass sheet that is closer to the interior of the vehicle, the low-emissivity coating including at least one transparent conductive oxide layer; The laminated glass has an emissivity of 0.01 to 0.25 measured from the inside of the vehicle. The laminated glass according to claim 1 .

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