Vehicle spats device

Abstract

To provide a spats device for a vehicle, which is able to stabilize the pose of spats.SOLUTION: A spats device 20 includes: spats 40 that are rotatably supported on a first rotation shaft 72 and are displaced between a spread position and a retracted position; and a first link unit 50 that transmits power of an actuator to the spats 40. The first link unit 50 has: a drive link 51 that rotates integrally with a drive shaft 71 when the actuator is driven; and an intermediate link 52 that is connected to the spats 40 via a second rotation shaft 73 and is connected to the drive link 51 via a third rotation shaft 74. The drive link 51 rotates about the drive shaft 71 between a first position where the spats 40 are disposed in the retracted position and a second position where the spats are disposed in the spread position. If the position of a drive link 51 when the drive shaft is positioned on a line segment connecting the second rotation shaft 73 and the third rotation shaft 74 is a first neutral position, the first position is a position rotated in a first rotating direction R1 from the first neutral position.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a vehicle spats device.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, a vehicle spats device for adjusting the airflow around the tires during vehicle travel has been known. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a vehicle spats device including a spats having a rectangular plate shape, a first slide rail that supports the upper end portion of the spats, and a second slide rail that supports the lower end portion of the spats.

[0003] The vehicle spats device moves the front end portion of the spats along the first slide rail and moves the rear end portion of the spats along the second slide rail by the inertial force acting during acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle. Specifically, when the vehicle accelerates, the vehicle spats device is in a deployed state where the spats expand into the space in front of the tire, and when the vehicle decelerates, the vehicle spats device is in a retracted state where the spats retract upward from the space in front of the tire.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] A vehicle spats device that solves the above problems comprises: spats rotatably supported on a first pivot shaft and a second pivot shaft with the vehicle width direction as its axial direction, and configured to be displaceable between an deployed position where they are deployed in the space in front of the wheels and a retracted position where they are retracted from the space in front of the wheels; a first link connected to the spats via the first pivot shaft; a second link connected to the spats via the second pivot shaft; an actuator that transmits power to the spats; and a control unit that controls the actuator. The first and second links move the first and second pivot shafts to the rear of the vehicle more when the spats are in the deployed position than when the spats are in the retracted position. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] A schematic diagram of a vehicle equipped with a vehicle spats device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] A perspective view from the front of a vehicle spats device in the first embodiment, in which the spats are positioned in a storage location. [Figure 3] A perspective view from the rear of a vehicle spats device in the first embodiment, in which the spats are positioned in a storage location. [Figure 4] A side view of a vehicle spats device in the first embodiment, in which the spats are arranged in a storage position. [Figure 5] A side view of a vehicle spats device in the first embodiment, in which the spats are positioned in the deployed position. [Figure 6] A side view of a vehicle spats device in the first embodiment, in which the spats are positioned in a deployment preparation position. [Figure 7] A side view of a vehicle spats device in the first embodiment, in which the spats are positioned in a storage preparation position. [Figure 8] A perspective view from the front of a vehicle spats device in the first embodiment, in which the spats are positioned in the deployed position. [Figure 9]A perspective view from the rear of a vehicle spats device in the first embodiment, in which the spats are positioned in the deployed position. [Figure 10] A flowchart showing the processing flow performed by the control device to deploy the spats in the first embodiment. [Figure 11] A flowchart showing the process flow executed by the control device to retract the spats in the first embodiment. [Figure 12] A side view of a vehicle spats device in a second embodiment, in which the spats are arranged in a storage position. [Figure 13] A side view of a vehicle spats device in a second embodiment, in which the spats are positioned in the deployed position. [Figure 14] A side view of a vehicle spats device in a second embodiment, in which the spats are positioned in a deployment preparation position. [Figure 15] A side view of a vehicle spats device in a second embodiment, in which the spats are positioned in a storage preparation position. [Figure 16] An exploded perspective view of a vehicle spats device according to the third embodiment. [Figure 17] A partial side view of the spats of the third embodiment. [Figure 18] A side view of a vehicle spats device in a third embodiment, in which the spats are positioned in a storage location. [Figure 19] A side view of a vehicle spats device in a third embodiment, in which the spats are positioned in the deployed position. [Figure 20] A side view of a vehicle spats in a third embodiment, where the second rotational shaft is located at the upper end of the first sliding groove of the spats. [Figure 21] A side view of a vehicle spats in a third embodiment, where the second rotating shaft is located at the boundary between the first and second sliding grooves of the spats. [Figure 22] A side view of a vehicle spats in a third embodiment, where the second rotational shaft is located at the lower end of the second sliding shaft of the spats. [Figure 23] A side view of a vehicle spats when the pressing portion contacts the spats in the third embodiment. [Figure 24] Exploded perspective view of the vehicle spoiler device of the fourth embodiment. [Figure 25] Partial side view of the spoiler of the fourth embodiment. [Figure 26] Side view of the vehicle spoiler device in which the spoiler is disposed at the storage position in the fourth embodiment. [Figure 27] Side view of the vehicle spoiler device in which the spoiler is disposed at the deployment position in the fourth embodiment. [Figure 28] Side view of the vehicle spoiler when the second pivot axis is located at the upper end of the sliding groove of the spoiler in the fourth embodiment. [Figure 29] Side view of the vehicle spoiler when the second pivot axis is located at the lower end of the sliding groove of the spoiler in the fourth embodiment. [Figure 30] Side view of the vehicle spoiler when the pressing portion contacts the spoiler in the fourth embodiment. [Figure 31] Side view showing the schematic configuration of the vehicle spoiler according to the modification example.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0009] (First Embodiment) Hereinafter, a vehicle including a vehicle spoiler device (hereinafter also referred to as a "spoiler device") according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0010] As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle 10 includes a vehicle body 12 having a tire house 11, a wheel 13 housed in the tire house 11, a vehicle speed sensor 14 for detecting the vehicle speed, and a spoiler device 20 for rectifying the airflow around the wheel 13 during vehicle travel.

[0011] [[ID=

[40] ] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the spoiler device 20 includes a housing 30, a spoiler 40, a first link unit 50, a second link unit 60, a drive shaft 71, a plurality of pivot shafts 72 to 74, a plurality of support shafts 75, 76, and an actuator 80. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the spoiler device 20 includes a control device 90.

[0012] In the following explanation, the direction of the spats device 20 will be the direction when it is mounted on the vehicle 10. The vehicle's longitudinal direction will also be simply referred to as the longitudinal direction, the vehicle's width direction as the width direction, and the vehicle's vertical direction as the vertical direction. The longitudinal direction, width direction, and vertical direction are orthogonal to each other. Furthermore, the axis extending in the longitudinal direction will be indicated by the X-axis, the axis extending in the width direction as the Y-axis, and the axis extending in the vertical direction as the Z-axis.

[0013] In the first embodiment, when the portion of the spats device 20 excluding the control device 90 is considered the mechanical part of the spats device 20, the mechanical parts of the spats device 20 are arranged in pairs in the width direction in front of the right front wheel and in front of the left front wheel, respectively. The mechanical part of the spats device 20 corresponding to the right front wheel and the mechanical part of the spats device 20 corresponding to the left front wheel have a symmetrical shape. For this reason, in the following description, the mechanical part of the spats device 20 corresponding to the right front wheel will be described, and the description of the mechanical part of the spats device 20 corresponding to the left front wheel will be omitted.

[0014] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the housing 30 accommodates some of the components of the spats device 20. As shown in Figure 4, the housing 30 has a first restricting wall 31 and a second restricting wall 32 that limit the rotation range of the first link unit 50. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the housing 30 has a plurality of flanges 33 that serve as mounting points to the vehicle body 12. The housing 30 is fixed to the vehicle body 12 by fastening members such as bolts and nuts. The housing 30 supports the drive shaft 71, the first support shaft 75, and the second support shaft 76. At this time, the axial direction of the drive shaft 71, the first support shaft 75, and the second support shaft 76 is the width direction.

[0015] As shown in Figure 4, the spats 40 have a flow straightening section 41 that straightens the airflow around the wheels 13 when the vehicle is running, a front fixing section 42 that is connected to the second link unit 60, and a rear fixing section 43 that is connected to the first link unit 50 and the second link unit 60.

[0016] When the rectifier section 41 is positioned in the deployed position where the spats 40 are deployed in the space in front of the wheels 13, it is preferable that it inclines downward as it moves backward, or inclines in the width direction as it moves backward. When the rectifier section 41 is positioned in the retracted position where the spats 40 are retracted from the space in front of the wheels 13, the amount of downward protrusion from the vehicle body 12 is less than when the spats 40 are positioned in the deployed position. Furthermore, the front fixing section 42 is rotatably supported on a first pivot shaft 72 whose axial direction is in the width direction, and the rear fixing section 43 is rotatably supported on a second pivot shaft 73 whose axial direction is in the width direction.

[0017] As shown in Figure 4, the first link unit 50 includes a drive link 51 that rotates integrally with the drive shaft 71, and an intermediate link 52 that connects the spats 40 and the drive link 51. The first link unit 50 is configured to transmit power from the actuator 80 to the spats 40.

[0018] As shown in Figure 3, the drive link 51 includes a shaft portion 511 extending in the width direction and a pair of link elements 512 extending from both ends of the shaft portion 511 in a direction perpendicular to the width direction. In other words, the drive link 51 includes a gap between the pair of link elements 512 for accommodating an intermediate link 52. The shaft portion 511 is integrated with the drive shaft 71, with the drive shaft 71 inserted through it in the width direction.

[0019] As shown in Figure 4, the intermediate link 52 is longer than the drive link 51 in a side view in the width direction and is curved in a roughly L-shape. The first end of the intermediate link 52 is rotatably connected to the rear fixing portion 43 of the spats 40 by a second pivot shaft 73 whose axis is in the width direction, and the second end of the intermediate link 52 is rotatably connected to the drive link 51 by a third pivot shaft 74 whose axis is in the width direction. At this time, the second end of the intermediate link 52 is positioned between the tip portions of the pair of link elements 512 of the drive link 51.

[0020] As shown in Figure 4, the second link unit 60 includes a first auxiliary link 61 that connects the front of the housing 30 to the front of the spats 40, and a second auxiliary link 62 that connects the rear of the housing 30 to the rear of the spats 40.

[0021] The first auxiliary link 61 is rod-shaped. The first end of the first auxiliary link 61 is connected to the front part of the housing 30 so as to be rotatable relative to it by a first support shaft 75 whose axial direction is in the width direction, and the second end of the first auxiliary link 61 is connected to the front fixing part 42 of the spats 40 so as to be rotatable relative to it by a second support shaft 76 whose axial direction is in the width direction.

[0022] As shown in Figure 3, the second auxiliary link 62 includes a shaft portion 621 extending in the width direction and a pair of link elements 622 extending from both ends of the shaft portion 621 in a direction perpendicular to the width direction. In other words, the second auxiliary link 62, like the drive link 51, includes a gap between the pair of link elements 622 to accommodate the intermediate link 52. As shown in Figure 4, the first end of the second auxiliary link 62 is connected to the rear of the housing 30 by a second support shaft 76 whose axial direction is in the width direction, and the second end of the second auxiliary link 62 is connected to the rear fixing portion 43 of the spats 40 so as to be rotatable relative to the second end of the intermediate link 52 by a second pivot shaft 73. At this time, the second support shaft 76 is inserted through the shaft portion 621 of the second auxiliary link 62, and the first end of the intermediate link 52 is positioned between the tips of the pair of link elements 622 of the second auxiliary link 62.

[0023] In this embodiment, the first link unit 50, together with the housing 30, the spats 40, and the first auxiliary link 61 of the second link unit 60, constitutes a five-bar linkage mechanism, and the second link unit 60, together with the housing 30 and the spats 40, constitutes a four-bar linkage mechanism. The five-bar linkage mechanism and the four-bar linkage mechanism share the housing 30, the spats 40, and the first auxiliary link 61.

[0024] In a four-bar linkage mechanism, when the first auxiliary link 61 swings around the first support shaft 75, the second auxiliary link 62 swings around the second support shaft 76. Also, in a five-bar linkage mechanism, when the drive link 51 swings around the drive shaft 71, the spats 40 rotate around the first pivot shaft 72.

[0025] The actuator 80 comprises, for example, an electric motor driven by a power supply and a reduction gear that reduces the rotational speed of the output shaft of the electric motor. As shown in Figure 2, the actuator 80 is fixed to the side of the housing 30. The actuator 80 is connected to the drive shaft 71.

[0026] Next, the operation of the spats device 20 will be explained with reference to Figures 4 to 9. Figure 4 shows the spats device 20 when the spats 40 are in the storage position. In the following description, the position of the drive link 51 when the spats 40 are in the storage position will be referred to as the "first position". The first position is the position where the drive link 51 has rotated the most in the first rotational direction R1 around the drive shaft 71, and is the position where the drive link 51 contacts the first restricting wall 31 of the housing 30.

[0027] When the drive link 51 is in the first position, the drive link 51 positions the third pivot shaft 74 forward and above the drive shaft 71. In other words, the drive link 51 pulls the intermediate link 52 forward and upward. As a result, the spats 40 connected to the intermediate link 52 are also positioned in a retracted position with their rear end displaced upward. Thus, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, when the spats 40 are in the retracted position, most of the spats 40 are stored in the housing 30.

[0028] The portion of the intermediate link 52 near the second end is positioned between the pair of link elements 512 of the drive link 51 in a side view in the width direction. Also, when the spats 40 are in the retracted position, the direction in which the intermediate link 52 curves is away from the drive shaft 71. Thus, even when the drive shaft 71 is in the first position, the intermediate link 52 does not interfere with the drive link 51 and the drive shaft 71.

[0029] The first auxiliary link 61 positions the first pivot shaft 72 furthest forward within its range of rotation, and the second auxiliary link 62 positions the second pivot shaft 73 furthest forward and upward within its range of rotation. As a result, in the retracted position, the front fixing portion 42 of the spats 40 is located forward, and the rear fixing portion 43 is located forward and upward.

[0030] Furthermore, when the drive link 51 is in the first position, the drive shaft 71 is not located on the line segment connecting the second pivot shaft 73 and the third pivot shaft 74 in a side view in the width direction. In other words, the line passing through the drive shaft 71 and the second pivot shaft 73 intersects with the line passing through the drive shaft 71 and the third pivot shaft 74.

[0031] Figure 5 shows the spats device 20 when the spats 40 are in the deployed position. In the following description, the position of the drive link 51 when the spats 40 are in the deployed position will be referred to as the "second position". The second position is the position where the drive link 51 has rotated the most in the second rotational direction R2 around the drive shaft 71, and is the position where the drive link 51 contacts the second restricting wall 32 of the housing 30.

[0032] When the drive link 51 is in the second position, the drive link 51 positions the third pivot shaft 74 behind and below the drive shaft 71. In other words, the drive link 51 pushes the intermediate link 52 backward and downward. As a result, the spats 40 connected to the intermediate link 52 are also positioned in an extended position with their rear end displaced downward. Thus, as shown in Figures 8 and 9, when the spats 40 are in the extended position, most of the spats 40 are exposed from the housing 30.

[0033] The portion of the intermediate link 52 near the first end is positioned between the pair of link elements 622 of the second auxiliary link 62 in a side view in the width direction. Therefore, even when the drive shaft 71 is in the second position, the intermediate link 52 does not interfere with the second auxiliary link 62.

[0034] The first auxiliary link 61 positions the first pivot shaft 72 furthest rearward within its range of rotation, and the second auxiliary link 62 positions the second pivot shaft 73 furthest rearward and downward within its range of rotation. In other words, when the spats 40 are in the deployed position, the second link unit 60 moves the first pivot shaft 72 and the second pivot shaft 73 further rearward than when the spats 40 are in the retracted position. As a result, in the deployed position, the front fixing part 42 of the spats 40 is located furthest rearward, and the rear fixing part 43 is located furthest rearward and downward. In other words, when displacing from the retracted position to the deployed position, the spats 40 move rearward, shortening the distance to the wheels 13 in the longitudinal direction.

[0035] Furthermore, when the drive link 51 is in the second position, the third pivot shaft 74 is not located on the line segment connecting the drive shaft 71 and the second pivot shaft 73 in a side view in the width direction. In other words, the straight line passing through the drive shaft 71 and the third pivot shaft 74 intersects with the straight line passing through the second pivot shaft 73 and the third pivot shaft 74.

[0036] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the spats device 20 takes the positions shown in Figures 6 and 7 when the drive link 51 rotates between the first and second positions. Figure 6 shows the spats device 20 when the drive link 51 has rotated slightly from the first position in the second rotation direction R2, and the drive shaft 71, the second rotation shaft 73, and the third rotation shaft 74 are aligned in a straight line in a side view in the width direction. In the following description, the position of the drive link 51 when the drive shaft 71, the second rotation shaft 73, and the third rotation shaft 74 are aligned in a straight line in a side view in the width direction will be referred to as the "first neutral position". When the drive link 51 is in the first neutral position, the drive shaft 71 is located on the line segment connecting the second rotation shaft 73 and the third rotation shaft 74 in a side view in the width direction.

[0037] The amount of rotation of the drive link 51 from the first position to the first neutral position is small. Therefore, when the drive link 51 is in the first neutral position, the position and orientation of the intermediate link 52, the first auxiliary link 61, and the second auxiliary link 62 remain virtually unchanged compared to when the drive link 51 is in the first position. In other words, the spats 40 are virtually displaced from their stowed position. In the following explanation, the position of the spats 40 when the drive link 51 is in the first neutral position will be referred to as the "deployment preparation position".

[0038] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 4 and 6, when comparing the first position and the first neutral position of the drive link 51, it can be said that the first position is the position where the drive link 51 has rotated in the first rotational direction R1 compared to the first neutral position.

[0039] Here, we consider a comparative example of a spats device in which the first position is a position where the drive link 51 is slightly rotated in the second rotation direction R2 from the first neutral position. In this case, as the spats 40 are subjected to their own weight and impacts, etc., when the spats 40 attempt to rotate from the stowed position to the deployed position around the first rotation axis 72, a moment acts on the drive link 51 that causes the drive link 51 to rotate in the second rotation direction R2. In other words, in the comparative example, even though we want to keep the spats 40 in the stowed position, there is a risk that the spats 40 will be displaced toward the deployed position.

[0040] In this respect, the spats device 20 of this embodiment has a first position where the drive link 51 is slightly rotated in the first rotation direction R1 from the first neutral position. Therefore, even if the spats 40 try to rotate from the storage position to the deployment position around the first rotation axis 72, no moment acts on the drive link 51 that would cause it to rotate in the second rotation direction R2. In other words, the spats device 20 makes it easier to keep the spats 40 in the storage position when the drive link 51 is in the first position. In the following description, the rotation of the drive link 51 in the first rotation direction R1 from the first neutral position will also be referred to as "the drive link 51 turning over".

[0041] Figure 7 shows the spats device 20 when the drive link 51 has rotated slightly from the second position in the first rotation direction R1, and the drive shaft 71, the second rotation shaft 73, and the third rotation shaft 74 are aligned in a straight line in a side view in the width direction. In the following description, the position of the drive link 51 when the drive shaft 71, the second rotation shaft 73, and the third rotation shaft 74 are aligned in a straight line in a side view in the width direction will be referred to as the "second neutral position". When the drive link 51 is in the second neutral position, the third rotation shaft 74 is located on the line segment connecting the drive shaft 71 and the second rotation shaft 73 in a side view in the width direction.

[0042] The amount of rotation of the drive link 51 from the second position to the second neutral position is small. Therefore, when the drive link 51 is in the second neutral position, the position and orientation of the intermediate link 52, the first auxiliary link 61, and the second auxiliary link 62 remain virtually unchanged compared to when the drive link 51 is in the second position. In other words, the spats 40 are virtually undisplaced from their deployed position. In the following explanation, the position of the spats 40 when the drive link 51 is in the second neutral position will be referred to as the "retraction preparation position".

[0043] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 5 and 7, when comparing the second position and the second neutral position of the drive link 51, it can be said that the second position is the position where the drive link 51 has rotated in the second rotational direction R2 compared to the second neutral position.

[0044] Here, we consider a comparative example of a spats device in which the second position is a position where the drive link 51 is rotated slightly in the first rotation direction R1 from the second neutral position. In this case, as wind pressure and impacts act on the spats 40, and the spats 40 attempt to rotate from the deployed position to the retracted position around the first rotation axis 72, a moment acts on the drive link 51 that causes the drive link 51 to rotate in the first rotation direction R1. In other words, in the comparative example, even if we want to keep the spats 40 in the deployed position, there is a risk that the spats 40 will be displaced toward the retracted position.

[0045] In this regard, the spats device 20 of this embodiment has a second position where the drive link 51 is slightly rotated in the second rotation direction R2 from the second neutral position. Therefore, even if the spats 40 try to rotate from the deployed position to the retracted position around the first rotation axis 72, no moment acts on the drive link 51 that would cause it to rotate in the first rotation direction R1. In other words, the spats device 20 makes it easier to keep the spats 40 in the deployed position when the drive link 51 is in the second position. In the following description, the rotation of the drive link 51 in the second rotation direction R2 from the second neutral position will also be referred to as "the drive link 51 turning over".

[0046] Next, the control device 90 of the spats device 20 will be described. As shown in Figure 1, the control device 90 receives a signal corresponding to the detection result of the vehicle speed sensor 14 and the ignition signal of the vehicle 10. The control device 90 then controls the actuator 80 according to the input signals.

[0047] More specifically, when the deployment preparation condition is met, the control device 90 rotates the drive link 51 from the first position to the first neutral position in the second rotation direction R2 by driving the actuator 80. In other words, when the deployment preparation condition is met, the control device 90 displaces the spats 40 from the retracted position to the deployment preparation position. The deployment preparation condition is a condition that is met when it is likely that the spats 40 will need to be deployed. For example, the deployment preparation condition may be that the spats 40 are in the retracted position and the vehicle speed is equal to or greater than the deployment preparation determination speed. Alternatively, the deployment preparation condition may be that it is met when the ignition signal is turned on.

[0048] When the deployment condition is met, the control device 90 rotates the drive link 51 from the first neutral position to the second position in the second rotation direction R2 by driving the actuator 80. In other words, when the deployment condition is met, the control device 90 displaces the spats 40 from the deployment preparation position to the deployed position. The deployment condition is a condition that is met when it becomes necessary to deploy the spats 40, and is a condition that can be met after the deployment preparation condition is met. For example, the deployment condition may be a condition that is met when the drive link 51 is in the deployment preparation position and the vehicle speed is equal to or greater than the deployment determination speed. The deployment determination speed is a speed faster than the deployment preparation determination speed, and is the vehicle speed at which it becomes necessary to rectify the airflow around the wheels 13.

[0049] On the other hand, when the storage preparation condition is met, the control device 90 rotates the drive link 51 from the deployed position to the second neutral position in the first rotation direction R1 by driving the actuator 80. In other words, when the storage preparation condition is met, the control device 90 displaces the spats 40 from the deployed position to the storage preparation position. The storage preparation condition is a condition that is met when it is likely that the spats 40 will need to be stored. For example, the storage preparation condition may be that the spats 40 are in the deployed position and the vehicle speed is less than the storage preparation determination speed.

[0050] When the retraction condition is met, the control device 90 rotates the drive link 51 from the second neutral position to the first position in the first rotation direction R1 by driving the actuator 80. In other words, when the retraction condition is met, the control device 90 displaces the spats 40 from the deployment preparation position to the retracted position. The retraction condition is a condition that is met when it becomes necessary to retract the spats 40, and is a condition that can be met after the retraction preparation condition is met. For example, the retraction condition may be a condition that is met when the drive link 51 is in the retraction preparation position and the speed is less than the retraction determination speed. The retraction determination speed is a speed slower than the retraction preparation determination speed, and is the vehicle speed at which it is no longer necessary to rectify the airflow around the wheels 13.

[0051] Furthermore, even after the conditions for preparing to deploy have been met, if the vehicle 10 decelerates, it is preferable that the spats 40 be returned to the retracted position. In this regard, the retraction condition may be met when the drive link 51 is in the preparation position for deployment and the vehicle speed is less than the retraction determination speed. On the other hand, even after the conditions for preparing to deploy have been met, if the vehicle 10 accelerates, it is preferable that the spats 40 be returned to the deployed position. In this regard, the deployment condition may be met when the drive link 51 is in the preparation position for retraction and the vehicle speed is equal to or greater than the deployment determination speed.

[0052] The following describes the processing flow when the control device 90 deploys the spats 40 toward the deployed position, referring to the flowchart shown in Figure 10. This process is repeatedly executed in a predetermined control cycle when the spats 40 are placed in the storage position.

[0053] As shown in Figure 10, the control device 90 determines whether the deployment preparation conditions are met (step S11). If the deployment preparation conditions are not met (step S11: NO), the control device 90 repeats step S11. On the other hand, if the deployment preparation conditions are met (step S11: YES), the control device 90 activates the spats 40 to prepare for deployment (step S12). Specifically, the control device 90 controls the actuator 80 to rotate the drive link 51 from the first position to the first neutral position. After activating the spats 40 to prepare for deployment, the control device 90 maintains power supply to the actuator 80 to prevent the spats 40 from being unintentionally displaced to the stowed or deployed position.

[0054] Next, the control device 90 determines whether the deployment condition is met (step S13). If the deployment condition is not met (step S13: NO), the control device 90 executes step S13 again. On the other hand, if the deployment condition is met (step S13: YES), the control device 90 deploys the spats 40 (step S14). Specifically, the control device 90 controls the actuator 80 to rotate the drive link 51 from the first neutral position to the second position. After that, the control device 90 terminates this process.

[0055] In step S13, if the storage condition is met while waiting for the deployment condition to be met, for example, when the vehicle 10 decelerates, it is preferable for the control device 90 to operate the spats 40 to retract.

[0056] Next, referring to the flowchart shown in Figure 11, the processing flow when the control device 90 operates to retract the spats 40 towards the storage position will be explained. This process is executed repeatedly in a predetermined control cycle when the spats 40 are positioned in the deployed position.

[0057] As shown in Figure 10, the control device 90 determines whether the storage preparation conditions are met (step S21). If the storage preparation conditions are not met (step S21: NO), the control device 90 repeats step S21. On the other hand, if the storage preparation conditions are met (step S21: YES), the control device 90 activates the spats 40 to prepare for storage (step S22). Specifically, the control device 90 controls the actuator 80 to rotate the drive link 51 from the second position to the second neutral position. After activating the spats 40 to prepare for storage, the control device 90 maintains power supply to the actuator 80 to prevent the spats 40 from being unintentionally displaced to the stored position or deployed position.

[0058] Next, the control device 90 determines whether the storage condition is met (step S23). If the storage condition is not met (step S23: NO), the control device 90 executes step S23 again. On the other hand, if the storage condition is met (step S23: YES), the control device 90 operates the spats 40 to retract (step S24). Specifically, the control device 90 controls the actuator 80 to rotate the drive link 51 from the second neutral position to the first position. After that, the control device 90 terminates this process.

[0059] In step S23, if the deployment condition is met while waiting for the storage condition to be met, for example, when the vehicle 10 accelerates, it is preferable for the control device 90 to deploy the spats 40.

[0060] The effects of the first embodiment will be described. (1) In the spats device 20, the first position of the drive link 51 that positions the spats 40 in the stowed position is a position rotated in the first rotational direction R1 from the first neutral position. Therefore, when the weight of the spats 40 acts on the intermediate link 52, a moment may be generated in the drive link 51 that rotates the drive link 51 in the first rotational direction R1. In other words, in this case, there is no risk of the spats 40 being displaced toward the deployed position. Thus, the spats device 20 can stabilize the posture of the spats 40 when they are in the stowed position. Furthermore, the spats device 20 does not require the motor constituting the actuator 80 to be energized in order to keep the drive link 51 in the first position.

[0061] (2) In the spats device 20, the second position of the drive link 51 that positions the spats 40 in the deployed position is a position rotated in the second rotation direction R2 from the second neutral position. Therefore, when a force corresponding to the wind pressure acting on the spats 40 acts on the intermediate link 52, a moment may be generated in the drive link 51 that rotates the drive link 51 in the second rotation direction R2. In other words, in this case, there is no risk of the spats 40 being displaced toward the stowed position. Thus, the spats device 20 can stabilize the attitude of the spats 40 when they are positioned in the deployed position. Furthermore, the spats device 20 does not require the motor constituting the actuator 80 to be energized in order to keep the drive link 51 in the second position.

[0062] (3) When the deployment condition is met after the deployment preparation condition has been met, the spats device 20 rotates the drive link 51 from the first neutral position to the second position. Therefore, the spats device 20 can shorten the time required to position the spats 40 in the deployed position compared to when the drive link 51 is rotated from the first position to the second position when the deployment condition is met.

[0063] (4) When the storage condition is met after the storage preparation condition has been met, the spats device 20 rotates the drive link 51 from the second neutral position to the first position. Therefore, the spats device 20 can shorten the time required to position the spats 40 in the storage position compared to when the drive link 51 is rotated from the second position to the first position when the storage condition is met.

[0064] (5) The spats device 20 includes a second link unit 60 having a first auxiliary link 61 and a second auxiliary link 62. As a result, the spats device 20 can bring the spats 40 closer to the wheel 13 when deployed.

[0065] (6) If the intermediate link 52 is straight, the intermediate link 52 and the drive shaft 71 are likely to interfere with each other when the drive shaft 71 is in the first position or the first neutral position. In this regard, as shown in Figures 4 and 6, the spats device 20 has a curved intermediate link 52, which can suppress interference between the intermediate link 52 and the drive shaft 71.

[0066] (7) The spats device 20 can straighten the airflow around the wheels 13 by positioning the spats 40 in the deployed position when traveling at high speeds. In other words, the spats device 20 can reduce the running resistance when the vehicle is traveling. In addition, the spats device 20 can prevent the spats 40 from coming into contact with wheel chocks or the like by positioning the spats 40 in the retracted position when traveling at low speeds or when stopped.

[0067] (Second Embodiment) The following describes the spats device 20A according to the second embodiment. In the following description, components common to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their descriptions are omitted or simplified. The spats device 20A according to the second embodiment differs from the spats device 20 according to the first embodiment in that it does not have a second link unit 60 and a plurality of support shafts 75, 76.

[0068] As shown in Figure 12, the spats device 20A comprises a housing 30A, spats 40, a first link unit 50A, a drive shaft 71, and a plurality of pivot shafts 72-74. Although not shown in the figure, the spats device 20A also comprises an actuator 80 and a control device 90.

[0069] The housing 30A houses some of the components of the spats device 20A. As shown in Figure 12, the housing 30A has a first restricting wall 31A and a second restricting wall 32A that limit the rotation range of the first link unit 50A. The housing 30A supports the drive shaft 71 and the first pivot shaft 72. In this case, the axial direction of the drive shaft 71 and the first pivot shaft 72 is the width direction.

[0070] The first link unit 50A includes a drive link 51A that rotates integrally with the drive shaft 71, and an intermediate link 52A that connects the spats 40 and the drive link 51A. The drive link 51A is integral with the drive shaft 71 with the drive shaft 71 inserted through it in the width direction. In a side view in the width direction, the intermediate link 52A is longer than the drive link 51A and curved in a substantially L-shape. The first end of the intermediate link 52A is connected to the rear fixing portion 43 of the spats 40 so as to be rotatable relative to it by a second pivot shaft 73 whose axial direction is in the width direction, and the second end of the intermediate link 52A is connected to the drive link 51A so as to be rotatable relative to it by a third pivot shaft 74 whose axial direction is in the width direction.

[0071] The first link unit 50A, together with the housing 30A and the spats 40, constitutes a four-bar linkage mechanism. In the four-bar linkage mechanism, when the drive link 51A swings around the drive shaft 71, the spats 40 swing around the first rotation drive shaft 72.

[0072] Next, the operation of the spats device 20A will be explained with reference to Figures 12 to 15. Figure 12 shows the spats device 20A when the spats 40 are in the storage position, in other words, the spats device 20A when the drive link 51A is in the first position. The first position is the position where the drive link 51A has rotated the furthest in the first rotational direction R1 around the drive shaft 71, and is the position where the drive link 51A contacts the first restricting wall 31A of the housing 30A.

[0073] When the drive link 51A is in the first position, the drive link 51A positions the third pivot shaft 74 forward and above the drive shaft 71. In other words, the drive link 51A pulls the intermediate link 52A forward and upward. As a result, the spats 40 connected to the intermediate link 52A are also positioned in a retracted position with their rear end displaced upward. When the spats 40 are in the retracted position, most of the spats 40 are stored in the housing 30A. Also, when the drive link 51A is in the first position, the drive shaft 71 is not located on the line segment connecting the second pivot shaft 73 and the third pivot shaft 74 in a side view in the width direction. In other words, the line passing through the drive shaft 71 and the second pivot shaft 73 intersects with the line passing through the drive shaft 71 and the third pivot shaft 74.

[0074] Figure 13 shows the spats device 20A when the spats 40 are in the deployed position, in other words, the spats device 20A when the drive link 51A is in the second position. The second position is the position where the drive link 51A has rotated the most in the second rotational direction R2 around the drive shaft 71, and where the drive link 51A is in contact with the second restricting wall 32A of the housing 30A.

[0075] When the drive link 51A is in the second position, the drive link 51A positions the third pivot shaft 74 behind and below the drive shaft 71. In other words, the drive link 51A pushes the intermediate link 52A backward and downward. As a result, the spats 40 connected to the intermediate link 52A are also positioned in an extended position with their rear end displaced downward. When the spats 40 are in the extended position, most of the spats 40 are exposed from the housing 30A. Also, when the drive link 51A is in the second position, the third pivot shaft 74 is not located on the line segment connecting the drive shaft 71 and the second pivot shaft 73 in a side view in the width direction. In other words, the line passing through the drive shaft 71 and the third pivot shaft 74 intersects with the line passing through the second pivot shaft 73 and the third pivot shaft 74.

[0076] In this embodiment, the spats device 20A takes the positions shown in Figures 14 and 15 when the drive link 51A rotates between the first and second positions. Figure 14 shows the spats device 20A when the drive link 51A has rotated slightly from the first position in the second rotation direction R2, and in a side view in the width direction, the drive shaft 71, the second rotation shaft 73, and the third rotation shaft 74 are aligned in a straight line. In other words, Figure 14 shows the spats device 20A when the drive link 51A is in the first neutral position. When the drive link 51A is in the first neutral position, the drive shaft 71 is located on the line segment connecting the second rotation shaft 73 and the third rotation shaft 74 in a side view in the width direction.

[0077] The amount of rotation of the drive link 51A from the first position to the first neutral position is minimal. Therefore, when the drive link 51A is in the first neutral position, the position and orientation of the intermediate link 52A, the first auxiliary link 61, and the second auxiliary link 62 remain virtually unchanged compared to when the drive link 51A is in the first position. In other words, the spats 40 are positioned in a deployment-ready position that is virtually unchanged from the stowed position.

[0078] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 12 and 14, when comparing the first position and the first neutral position of the drive link 51A, it can be said that the first position is the position where the drive link 51A has rotated in the first rotational direction R1 compared to the first neutral position.

[0079] In this embodiment, the spats device 20A has a first position where the drive link 51A is slightly rotated in the first rotation direction R1 from the first neutral position. In other words, the drive link 51A is turned over. Therefore, even if the spats 40 try to rotate from the storage position to the deployment position around the first rotation axis 72, no moment acts on the drive link 51A that would cause it to rotate in the second rotation direction R2. Thus, the spats device 20A makes it easier to keep the spats 40 in the storage position when the drive link 51A is in the first position.

[0080] Figure 15 shows the spats device 20A when the drive link 51A has rotated slightly from the second position in the first rotation direction R1, and the drive shaft 71, the second rotation shaft 73, and the third rotation shaft 74 are aligned in a straight line in a side view in the width direction. In other words, Figure 15 shows the spats device 20A when the drive link 51A is in the second neutral position. When the drive link 51A is in the second neutral position, the third rotation shaft 74 is located on the line segment connecting the drive shaft 71 and the second rotation shaft 73 in a side view in the width direction.

[0081] The amount of rotation of the drive link 51A from the second position to the second neutral position is minimal. Therefore, when the drive link 51A is in the second neutral position, the position and orientation of the intermediate link 52A, the first auxiliary link 61, and the second auxiliary link 62 remain virtually unchanged compared to when the drive link 51A is in the second position. In other words, the spats 40 are positioned in a storage preparation position that is virtually unchanged from the deployed position.

[0082] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 13 and 15, when comparing the second position and the second neutral position of the drive link 51A, it can be said that the second position is the position where the drive link 51A has rotated in the second rotation direction R2 compared to the second neutral position.

[0083] In this embodiment, the spats device 20A has a second position where the drive link 51A is slightly rotated in the second rotation direction R2 from the second neutral position. In other words, the drive link 51A is turned over. Therefore, even if the spats 40 try to rotate from the deployed position to the retracted position around the first rotation axis 72, no moment acts on the drive link 51A that would cause it to rotate in the first rotation direction R1. Thus, the spats device 20A makes it easier to keep the spats 40 in the deployed position when the drive link 51A is in the second position.

[0084] According to the second embodiment of the spats device 20A, in addition to the effects (1) to (4) and (6) of the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. (7) The spats device 20A can be simplified in structure by not including the second link unit 60 in the first embodiment.

[0085] (Third embodiment) The following describes the spats device 20B according to the third embodiment. In the following description, components equivalent to those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their descriptions are omitted or simplified. The spats device 20B according to the third embodiment differs from the spats device 20 according to the first embodiment in some respects of the housing structure and the spats structure.

[0086] As shown in Figures 16 to 18, the spats device 20B comprises a housing 30B, spats 40B, a first link unit 50, a second link unit 60, a drive shaft 71, multiple pivot shafts 72 to 74, multiple support shafts 75 and 76, and an actuator 80. Although not shown in the figures, the spats device 20B also includes a control device 90.

[0087] As shown in Figures 16 and 18, the housing 30B accommodates some of the components of the spats device 20B. As shown in Figure 18, the housing 30B has a first restricting wall 31 and a second restricting wall 32 that limit the rotation range of the first link unit 50, and a pressing portion 34B that presses the spats 40B. The pressing portion 34B is positioned around the second restricting wall 32 and protrudes downward. The housing 30B supports the drive shaft 71, the first support shaft 75, and the second support shaft 76. In this case, the axial direction of the drive shaft 71, the first support shaft 75, and the second support shaft 76 is the width direction.

[0088] As shown in Figures 16 to 18, the spats 40B have a flow straightening section 41 that straightens the airflow around the wheels 13 when the vehicle is running, a front fixing section 42 that is connected to the second link unit 60, and a rear fixing section 43 that is connected to the first link unit 50 and the second link unit 60. The spats 40B also have a support hole 44 through which the first pivot shaft 72 is inserted, a holding hole 45 through which the second pivot shaft 73 is inserted, and a sliding groove 46 connected to the holding hole 45.

[0089] A support hole 44 is provided in the front fixing portion 42. The front fixing portion 42 is rotatably supported by the first pivot shaft 72, whose width direction is axial, via the support hole 44. In other words, the support hole 44 supports the first pivot shaft 72. A retaining hole 45 and a part of the sliding groove 46 are provided in the rear fixing portion 43. The rear fixing portion 43 is rotatably held by the second pivot shaft 73, whose width direction is axial, via the retaining hole 45. In other words, the retaining hole 45 holds the second pivot shaft 73. As shown in Figure 17, the rear fixing portion 43 has a pair of protrusions 431 that separate the retaining hole 45 and the sliding groove 46. The pair of protrusions 431 extend in a direction toward each other, and a gap is created between the pair of protrusions 431. Thus, the retaining hole 45 and the sliding groove 46 are connected via the gap between the pair of protrusions 431.

[0090] As shown in Figure 17, in a side view of the spats 40B, the retaining hole 45 is approximately circular. As shown in Figures 17 and 18, in a side view of the spats 40B, the sliding groove 46 includes a first sliding groove 461 extending in an arc shape centered on the support hole 44, and a second sliding groove 462 extending linearly in a direction intersecting the first sliding groove 461. The inner diameter of the retaining hole 45 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the second pivot shaft 73, and the width of the sliding groove 46 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the second pivot shaft 73. On the other hand, the distance between the pair of protrusions 431 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the second pivot shaft 73. The outer diameter of the second pivot shaft 73 referred to here is the outer diameter of the portion of the second pivot shaft 73 that engages with the spats 40B.

[0091] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 18, in the spats device 20B, the first sliding groove 461 extends in the circumferential direction of the first rotation shaft 72, and the second sliding groove 462 extends in a direction away from the first rotation shaft 72 as it extends from the first sliding groove 461.

[0092] Next, the operation of the spats device 20B will be explained with reference to Figures 18 to 23. Figure 18 shows the spats device 20B when the spats 40B are in the stowed position, in other words, the spats device 20B when the drive link 51 is in the first position. The first position is the position where the drive link 51 has rotated the most in the first rotational direction R1 around the drive shaft 71, and where the drive link 51 is in contact with the first restricting wall 31 of the housing 30B. When the spats 40B are in the stowed position, the second pivot shaft 73 engages with the retaining hole 45 of the spats 40B.

[0093] When the drive link 51 is in the first position, the drive link 51 positions the third rotation shaft 74 forward and above the drive shaft 71. In other words, the drive link 51 pulls the intermediate link 52 forward and upward. As a result, the spats 40B connected to the intermediate link 52 are also positioned in a stowed position with their rear end displaced upward.

[0094] The first auxiliary link 61 positions the first pivot shaft 72 furthest forward within its range of rotation, and the second auxiliary link 62 positions the second pivot shaft 73 furthest forward and upward within its range of rotation. As a result, in the retracted position, the front fixing part 42 of the spats 40B is located forward, and the rear fixing part 43 is located forward and upward.

[0095] Furthermore, when the drive link 51 is in the first position, the drive shaft 71 is not located on the line segment connecting the second pivot shaft 73 and the third pivot shaft 74 in a side view in the width direction. In other words, the line passing through the drive shaft 71 and the second pivot shaft 73 intersects with the line passing through the drive shaft 71 and the third pivot shaft 74.

[0096] More specifically, the spats device 20B, similar to the first embodiment, has a first position where the drive link 51 is slightly rotated in the first rotation direction R1 from the first neutral position. Therefore, even if the spats 40B attempts to rotate from the storage position to the deployment position around the first rotation axis 72, no moment acts on the drive link 51 that would cause it to rotate in the second rotation direction R2. In other words, because the drive link 51 has turned over in the first position, the spats device 20B makes it easier to keep the spats 40B in the storage position.

[0097] Figure 19 shows the spats device 20B when the spats 40B are in the deployed position, in other words, the spats device 20B when the drive link 51 is in the second position. The second position is the position where the drive link 51 has rotated the most in the second rotation direction R2 around the drive shaft 71, and is the position where the drive link 51 contacts the second restricting wall 32 of the housing 30B. Also, when the spats 40B are in the deployed position, the second pivot shaft 73 engages with the retaining hole 45 of the spats 40B. Therefore, in the third embodiment, with the second pivot shaft 73 engaged with the retaining hole 45 of the spats 40B, the rotation of the drive link 51 causes the spats 40B to be displaced between the deployed position and the retracted position.

[0098] When the drive link 51 is in the second position, the drive link 51 positions the third pivot shaft 74 behind and below the drive shaft 71. In other words, the drive link 51 pushes the intermediate link 52 backward and downward. As a result, the spats 40B connected to the intermediate link 52 are also positioned in an extended position with their rear end displaced downward.

[0099] The first auxiliary link 61 positions the first pivot shaft 72 furthest rearward within its range of rotation, and the second auxiliary link 62 positions the second pivot shaft 73 furthest rearward and downward within its range of rotation. In other words, when the spats 40B are in the deployed position, the second link unit 60 moves the first pivot shaft 72 and the second pivot shaft 73 further rearward than when the spats 40B are in the retracted position. As a result, in the deployed position, the front fixing part 42 of the spats 40B is located furthest rearward, and the rear fixing part 43 is located furthest rearward and downward. In other words, when displacing from the retracted position to the deployed position, the spats 40B move rearward, shortening the distance to the wheels 13 in the longitudinal direction.

[0100] Furthermore, when the drive link 51 is in the second position, the third pivot shaft 74 is not located on the line segment connecting the drive shaft 71 and the second pivot shaft 73 in a side view in the width direction. In other words, the straight line passing through the drive shaft 71 and the third pivot shaft 74 intersects with the straight line passing through the second pivot shaft 73 and the third pivot shaft 74.

[0101] More specifically, the spats device 20B, similar to the first embodiment, has a second position where the drive link 51 is slightly rotated in the second rotation direction R2 from the second neutral position. Therefore, even if the spats 40B attempts to rotate from the deployed position to the retracted position around the first rotation axis 72, no moment acts on the drive link 51 that would cause it to rotate in the first rotation direction R1. In other words, because the drive link 51 has turned over in the second position, the spats device 20B makes it easier to keep the spats 40B in the deployed position.

[0102] Next, we will explain the operation of the spats device 20B when the spats 40B come into contact with an obstacle. As shown in Figure 19, when a vehicle is traveling with the spats 40B in the deployed position, there is a possibility that obstacles on the road surface may come into contact with the spats 40B. Examples of obstacles include objects placed on the road surface, snow on the road surface, and unevenness of the road surface. Because the drive link 51 of the spats device 20B is turned over in the second position, even if an external force, indicated by the white arrow in Figure 19, acts on the spats 40B due to contact with an obstacle, the posture of the drive link 51 and intermediate link 52 that position the spats 40B is unlikely to change.

[0103] In this regard, in the spats device 20B according to the third embodiment, the spats 40B have a sliding groove 46 that can slide with the second pivot shaft 73. Therefore, when an external force acts on the spats 40B due to contact with an obstacle, the second pivot shaft 73 disengages from the holding hole 45 of the spats 40B, as shown in Figure 20. Specifically, as the second pivot shaft 73 is immobile at the point where the drive link 51 is turning over, the spats 40B attempts to displace in the direction of the acting external force, resulting in the second pivot shaft 73 disengaging from the holding hole 45 of the spats 40B. In other words, the state in which the second pivot shaft 73 is engaged with the holding hole 45 transitions to a state in which the second pivot shaft 73 is engaged with the first sliding groove 461.

[0104] Furthermore, when the second drive shaft 73 disengages from the retaining hole 45 of the spats 40B, the rear fixing portion 43 of the spats 40B undergoes elastic deformation. In other words, the force required to disengage the second drive shaft 73 from the retaining hole 45 of the spats 40B is greater the narrower the distance between the pair of protrusions 431 of the rear fixing portion 43, and also greater the higher the elastic modulus of the pair of protrusions 431 of the rear fixing portion 43. In other words, the ease with which the second drive shaft 73 disengages from the retaining hole 45 can be adjusted as appropriate.

[0105] Next, as shown in Figures 20 and 21, the second pivot shaft 73 slides against the first sliding groove 461 of the spats 40B. Since the second pivot shaft 73 is immovable, the external force acting on the spats 40B causes the spats 40B to be displaced along the direction in which the first sliding groove 461 is formed. In other words, since the spats 40B rotates around the first pivot shaft 72, the posture of the first auxiliary link 61 does not change.

[0106] Subsequently, as shown in Figures 21 and 22, the second pivot shaft 73 slides against the second sliding groove 462 of the spats 40B. Since the second pivot shaft 73 is immovable, the external force acting on the spats 40B causes the spats 40B to displace along the direction in which the second sliding groove 462 was formed. At this time, since the spats 40B does not rotate around the first pivot shaft 72, the posture of the first auxiliary link 61 changes. Specifically, when the second pivot shaft 73 slides against the second sliding groove 462, the first pivot shaft 72 is moved forward of the vehicle more than when the second pivot shaft 73 slides against the first sliding groove 461. As a result, as shown in Figure 22, the spats 40B are displaced to a retracted position that is forward and upward of the deployed position.

[0107] As explained above, in the third embodiment, as shown in Figures 19 to 22, when an external force acts on the spats 40B, the drive link 51 remains in the second position while the spats 40B retract from the deployed position. Therefore, even if the drive link 51 is turned over in the second position, the external force acting on the spats 40B, which remain in the deployed position, is suppressed.

[0108] Note that while Figure 22 shows an example where the spats 40B retract to the evacuation position, the spats 40B do not necessarily retract to the evacuation position. In other words, depending on the size of the obstacle that the spats 40B come into contact with, the spats 40B may only retract to a point just before the evacuation position.

[0109] When the obstacle passes under the spats 40B, causing the spats 40B to no longer be in contact with the obstacle, no external force acts on the spats 40B. As a result, the spats 40B are displaced from the retracted position to the deployed position due to their own weight. However, the weight of the spats 40B is weaker than the force required to move the second rotation shaft 73 from the state in which it is engaged with the sliding groove 46 to the state in which it is engaged with the holding hole 45. Therefore, once the spats 40B are no longer in contact with the obstacle, they return to the state shown in Figure 20.

[0110] In the following explanation, as shown in Figure 20, the position of the spats 40B when the second rotation axle 73 is positioned at the upper end of the first sliding groove 461, in other words, when the pair of protrusions 431 of the spats 40B catch on the second rotation axle 73 from above, will also be referred to as the "semi-deployed position". When the spats 40B are in the semi-deployed position, their posture is more prone to change than when they are in the deployed position, but they still perform the function of regulating the airflow around the wheel 13.

[0111] Subsequently, when the conditions for storing the spats 40B are met, the drive link 51 rotates from the second position to the first position. However, there is a difference in the movement trajectory of the spats 40B depending on whether the position of the spats 40B when the drive link 51 begins to rotate from the second position to the first position is in the semi-deployed position or in the deployed position.

[0112] Therefore, as shown in Figure 23, when the drive link 51 rotates from the second position to the first position while the spats 40B are positioned in a semi-deployed position, the rear fixing portion 43 of the spats 40B comes into contact with the pressing portion 34B of the housing 30B. In the third embodiment, when the drive link 51 rotates to a position approximately midway between the second position and the first position, the rear fixing portion 43 of the spats 40B comes into contact with the pressing portion 34B.

[0113] As the second drive shaft 73 attempts to move upward based on the rotation of the drive link 51, the spats 40B are restricted from moving upward by contact with the pressing portion 34B. In other words, the pressing portion 34B pushes the spats 40B, which engage with the second drive shaft 73 via the sliding groove 46, downward. As a result, the second drive shaft 73 fits into the retaining hole 45 of the spats 40B. That is, the state in which the second drive shaft 73 is engaged with the first sliding groove 461 is changed to the state in which the second drive shaft 73 is engaged with the retaining hole 45.

[0114] After the second drive shaft 73 engages with the holding hole 45 of the spats 40B, the movement trajectory of the spats 40B accompanying the rotation of the drive link 51 coincides with the movement trajectory when displacing the spats 40B from the deployed position to the retracted position. In other words, as shown in Figure 18, the drive link 51 reaches the first position and the spats 40B are placed in the retracted position.

[0115] Furthermore, when the drive link 51 rotates from the second position to the first position while the spats 40B are positioned in the deployed position, the rear fixing portion 43 of the spats 40B will not come into contact with the pressing portion 34B of the housing 30B.

[0116] According to the spats device 20B of the third embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. (8) In the event of an abnormality such as an obstacle coming into contact with the spats 40B which are in the deployed position, the spats device 20B retracts the spats 40B from the deployed position by sliding the second rotation shaft 73 and the sliding groove 46 of the spats 40B. In this way, the spats device 20B can prevent overload from acting on the components of the device such as the spats 40B.

[0117] (9) In the spats device 20B, the retaining holes 45 and sliding grooves 46 are provided in the spats 40B, which are larger in shape than the intermediate link 52. Therefore, it is not necessary to form the retaining holes 45 and sliding grooves 46 in the smaller intermediate link 52, which tends to increase the design flexibility.

[0118] (10) Even after the second pivot shaft 73 has transitioned from a state in which it is engaged with the retaining hole 45 to a state in which it is engaged with the sliding groove 46, the spats device 20B can be rotated from the second position to the first position by rotating the drive link 51. In other words, the spats device 20B can return the engagement state between the second pivot shaft 73 and the spats 40B to the normal state by rotating the drive link 51 and bringing the spats 40B into contact with the pressing portion 34B.

[0119] (11) In the spats device 20B, the spats 40B have a first sliding groove 461 that extends in an arc shape, which makes it easier for them to retract from the deployed position when they begin to make contact with an obstacle. In addition, the spats 40B have a second sliding groove 462 that extends in a straight line, which makes it easier for them to retract in a direction away from the wheel 13 when they make contact with an obstacle.

[0120] (Fourth Embodiment) The following describes the spats device 20C according to the fourth embodiment. In the following description, components equivalent to those in the first to third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their descriptions are omitted or simplified. The spats device 20C according to the fourth embodiment differs from the spats device 20A according to the second embodiment in the structure of the housing and the structure of the spats.

[0121] As shown in Figures 24 to 26, the spats device 20C comprises a housing 30C, spats 40C, a first link unit 50A, a drive shaft 71, and a plurality of pivot shafts 72 to 74. Although not shown in the figures, the spats device 20C also comprises an actuator 80 and a control device 90.

[0122] As shown in Figures 24 and 26, the housing 30C accommodates some of the components of the spats device 20C. The housing 30C has a first restricting wall 31A and a second restricting wall 32A that limit the rotation range of the first link unit 50A, and a pressing portion 34C that presses the spats 40C. As shown in Figure 26, the pressing portion 34C is positioned around the second restricting wall 32A. As shown in Figure 24, the pressing portion 34C has a shape that corresponds to the shape of the tip of the rear fixing portion 43 of the spats 40C, which will be described later. The housing 30C supports the drive shaft 71 and the first pivot shaft 72. At this time, the axial direction of the drive shaft 71 and the first pivot shaft 72 is the width direction.

[0123] As shown in Figures 24 to 26, the spats 40C have a flow straightening section 41 that straightens the airflow around the wheels 13 when the vehicle is running, a front fixing section 42 that is connected to the housing 30C, and a rear fixing section 43 that is connected to the intermediate link 52A. The spats 40C also have a support hole 44C through which the first pivot shaft 72 is inserted, a retaining hole 45 through which the second pivot shaft 73 is inserted, and a sliding groove 46C connected to the retaining hole 45.

[0124] A support hole 44C is provided in the front fixing portion 42. The front fixing portion 42 is rotatably supported by the first pivot shaft 72, whose width direction is axial, via the support hole 44C. In other words, the support hole 44C supports the first pivot shaft 72. A retaining hole 45C and a portion of the sliding groove 46C are provided in the rear fixing portion 43. The rear fixing portion 43 is rotatably held by the second pivot shaft 73, whose width direction is axial, via the retaining hole 45C. In other words, the retaining hole 45C holds the second pivot shaft 73. As shown in Figure 25, the rear fixing portion 43 has a pair of protrusions 431C that separate the retaining hole 45C and the sliding groove 46C. The pair of protrusions 431C extend in a direction toward each other, and a gap is created between the pair of protrusions 431C. In this way, the retaining hole 45C and the sliding groove 46C are connected via the gap between the pair of protrusions 431C.

[0125] As shown in Figures 25 and 26, in a side view of the spats 40C, the retaining hole 45C is approximately circular. In a side view of the spats 40C, the sliding groove 46C extends in an arc shape centered on the support hole 44C. The inner diameter of the retaining hole 45C is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the second pivot shaft 73, and the width of the sliding groove 46C is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the second pivot shaft 73. On the other hand, the distance between the pair of protrusions 431C is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the second pivot shaft 73. The outer diameter of the second pivot shaft 73 referred to here is the outer diameter of the portion of the second pivot shaft 73 that engages with the spats 40C. Also, as shown in Figure 26, in the spats device 20C, the sliding groove 46C extends in the circumferential direction of the first pivot shaft 72.

[0126] Next, the operation of the spats device 20C will be explained with reference to Figures 26 to 30. Figure 26 shows the spats device 20C when the spats 40C are in the stowed position, in other words, the spats device 20C when the drive link 51A is in the first position. The first position is the position where the drive link 51A has rotated the most in the first rotational direction R1 around the drive shaft 71, and where the drive link 51A is in contact with the first restricting wall 31A of the housing 30C. Also, when the spats 40C are in the stowed position, the second pivot shaft 73 engages with the retaining hole 45C of the spats 40C.

[0127] When the drive link 51A is in the first position, the drive link 51A positions the third rotation shaft 74 forward and above the drive shaft 71. In other words, the drive link 51A pulls the intermediate link 52A forward and upward. As a result, the spats 40C connected to the intermediate link 52A are also positioned in a stowed position with their rear end displaced upward.

[0128] Furthermore, when the drive link 51A is in the first position, the drive shaft 71 is not located on the line segment connecting the second pivot shaft 73 and the third pivot shaft 74 in a side view in the width direction. In other words, the line passing through the drive shaft 71 and the second pivot shaft 73 intersects with the line passing through the drive shaft 71 and the third pivot shaft 74.

[0129] More specifically, the spats device 20C, similar to the second embodiment, has a first position where the drive link 51A is slightly rotated in the first rotation direction R1 from the first neutral position. Therefore, even if the spats 40C attempts to rotate from the storage position to the deployment position around the first rotation axis 72, no moment acts on the drive link 51A that would cause it to rotate in the second rotation direction R2. In other words, because the drive link 51A has turned over in the first position, the spats device 20C makes it easier to keep the spats 40C in the storage position.

[0130] Figure 27 shows the spats device 20C when the spats 40C are in the deployed position, in other words, the spats device 20C when the drive link 51A is in the second position. The second position is the position where the drive link 51A has rotated the furthest in the second rotation direction R2 around the drive shaft 71, and is the position where the drive link 51A contacts the second restricting wall 32A of the housing 30C. Also, when the spats 40C are in the deployed position, the second pivot shaft 73 engages with the retaining hole 45C of the spats 40C. Therefore, in the second embodiment, with the second pivot shaft 73 engaged with the retaining hole 45C of the spats 40C, the drive link 51 rotates, causing the spats 40C to be displaced between the deployed position and the retracted position.

[0131] When the drive link 51A is in the second position, the drive link 51A positions the third pivot shaft 74 behind and below the drive shaft 71. In other words, the drive link 51A pushes the intermediate link 52A backward and downward. As a result, the spats 40C connected to the intermediate link 52A are also positioned in an extended position with their rear end displaced downward.

[0132] Furthermore, when the drive link 51A is in the second position, the third pivot shaft 74 is not located on the line segment connecting the drive shaft 71 and the second pivot shaft 73 in a side view in the width direction. In other words, the line passing through the drive shaft 71 and the third pivot shaft 74 intersects with the line passing through the second pivot shaft 73 and the third pivot shaft 74.

[0133] More specifically, the spats device 20C, similar to the second embodiment, has a second position where the drive link 51A is slightly rotated in the second rotation direction R2 from the second neutral position. Therefore, even if the spats 40C attempts to rotate from the deployed position to the retracted position around the first rotation axis 72, no moment acts on the drive link 51A that would cause it to rotate in the first rotation direction R1. In other words, because the drive link 51A has turned over in the second position, the spats device 20C makes it easier to keep the spats 40C in the deployed position.

[0134] Next, we will explain the function of the spats device 20C when the spats 40C come into contact with an obstacle. As shown in Figure 27, when a vehicle is traveling with the spats 40C in the deployed position, there is a possibility that obstacles on the road surface may come into contact with the spats 40C. Since the drive link 51A of the spats device 20C is turned over in the second position, even if an external force, shown by the white arrow in Figure 28, acts on the spats 40C due to contact with an obstacle, the posture of the drive link 51A and intermediate link 52A that position the spats 40C is unlikely to change.

[0135] In this regard, in the spats device 20C according to the fourth embodiment, the spats 40C have a sliding groove 46C that can slide with the second pivot shaft 73. Therefore, when an external force acts on the spats 40C due to contact with an obstacle, the second pivot shaft 73 disengages from the retaining hole 45C of the spats 40C, as shown in Figure 28. Specifically, as the second pivot shaft 73 is immobile at the point where the drive link 51A is turning over, the spats 40C attempts to displace in the direction of the acting external force, resulting in the second pivot shaft 73 disengaging from the retaining hole 45C of the spats 40C. In other words, the state in which the second pivot shaft 73 is engaged with the retaining hole 45C transitions to a state in which the second pivot shaft 73 is engaged with the sliding groove 46C.

[0136] Next, as shown in Figures 28 and 29, the second pivot shaft 73 slides against the sliding groove 46C of the spats 40C. At this time, since the second pivot shaft 73 is immovable, the external force acting on the spats 40C causes the spats 40C to be displaced along the direction in which the sliding groove 46C is formed. In other words, the spats 40C rotates around the first pivot shaft 72 and is displaced to the retracted position shown in Figure 29.

[0137] As shown in Figures 27 to 29, when an external force acts on the spats 40C, the spats 40C are displaced from the deployed position to the retracted position while the drive link 51A remains in the second position. Therefore, even if the drive link 51A is turned over in the second position, the external force acting on the spats 40C, which remain in the deployed position, is suppressed.

[0138] When the obstacle passes under the spats 40C, causing the spats 40C to no longer be in contact with the obstacle, no external force acts on the spats 40C. As a result, the spats 40C are displaced from the retracted position to the deployed position due to their own weight. However, the weight of the spats 40C is weaker than the force required to move the second rotation shaft 73 from the state in which it is engaged with the sliding groove 46C to the state in which it is engaged with the retaining hole 45C. Therefore, once the spats 40C is no longer in contact with the obstacle, they return to the state shown in Figure 28.

[0139] In the following explanation, as shown in Figure 28, the position of the spats 40C when the second rotation axle 73 is positioned at the upper end of the sliding groove 46C, in other words, when the pair of protrusions 431C of the spats 40C catch on the second rotation axle 73 from above, will also be referred to as the "semi-deployed position". When the spats 40C are in the semi-deployed position, their posture is more prone to change than when they are in the deployed position, but they still perform the function of regulating the airflow around the wheel 13.

[0140] Subsequently, when the conditions for storing the spats 40C are met, the drive link 51A rotates from the second position to the first position. However, there is a difference in the movement trajectory of the spats 40C depending on whether the position of the spats 40C when the drive link 51A begins to rotate from the second position to the first position is in the semi-deployed position or in the deployed position.

[0141] Therefore, as shown in Figure 30, when the drive link 51A rotates from the second position to the first position while the spats 40C are positioned in a semi-deployed position, the rear fixing portion 43 of the spats 40C comes into contact with the pressing portion 34C of the housing 30C. In other words, while the second pivot shaft 73 attempts to move upward based on the rotation of the drive link 51A, the spats 40C's upward movement is restricted by contact with the pressing portion 34C. To put it another way, the pressing portion 34C pushes the spats 40C, which engages with the second pivot shaft 73 via the sliding groove 46C, downward. As a result, the second pivot shaft 73 fits into the retaining hole 45C of the spats 40C. In other words, the state in which the second pivot shaft 73 is engaged with the sliding groove 46C is changed to the state in which the second pivot shaft 73 is engaged with the retaining hole 45C.

[0142] After the second drive shaft 73 engages with the retaining hole 45C of the spats 40C, the movement trajectory of the spats 40C accompanying the rotation of the drive link 51A coincides with the movement trajectory when displacing the spats 40C from the deployed position to the retracted position. In other words, as shown in Figure 26, the drive link 51A reaches the first position and the spats 40C is positioned in the retracted position.

[0143] According to the spats device 20C of the fourth embodiment, the effects of the second embodiment and the effects (8) to (10) of the third embodiment can be obtained. This embodiment can be implemented with the following modifications. This embodiment and the following modifications can be combined with each other to the extent that they do not contradict each other technically.

[0144] The vehicle speed at which the deployment conditions, deployment preparation conditions, storage conditions, and storage preparation conditions are met—in other words, the deployment determination speed, deployment preparation determination speed, storage determination speed, and storage preparation determination speed—can be set as appropriate.

[0145] When the acceleration of the vehicle 10 is high, there is a high need to quickly position the spats 40 in the deployed position, and when the deceleration of the vehicle 10 is high, there is a high need to quickly position the spats 40 in the retracted position. Therefore, the control device 90 may determine whether the deployment condition, deployment preparation condition, retraction condition, and retraction preparation condition are met based on the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle 10.

[0146] The vehicle 10 may be equipped with an environment acquisition device that acquires information about the environment surrounding the vehicle 10. The environment acquisition device may be, for example, a camera and a car navigation system. In this case, the control device 90 may determine whether the deployment conditions, deployment preparation conditions, storage conditions and storage preparation conditions are met based on the detection results of the environment acquisition device.

[0147] For example, if the vehicle 10 travels on an unpaved road while the spats 40 are positioned in the deployed position, the spats 40 may be damaged. Therefore, the control device 90 may determine, based on the detection results of the environmental acquisition device, that the storage conditions and storage preparation conditions are met when the road surface being traveled on changes from a paved road to an unpaved road. Alternatively, the control device 90 may determine, based on the detection results of the environmental acquisition device, that the deployment conditions and deployment preparation conditions are met when the road surface being traveled on changes from an unpaved road to a paved road.

[0148] In the first link unit 50, the intermediate link 52 does not have to be curved. In this case, it is preferable to position the intermediate link 52 and the other links offset in the width direction to avoid interference between the intermediate link 52 and the other links.

[0149] The second link unit 60 may consist of a guide rail or the like that guides the movement of the spats 40 between the stowed position and the deployed position. In other words, the second link unit 60 does not have to have a link.

[0150] In the second link unit 60, the shafts connecting the spats 40 to the first auxiliary link 61 and the second auxiliary link 62 may be provided separately from the first pivot shaft 72 and the second pivot shaft 73. The spats device 20 may be configured so that the drive link 51 turns over only on the storage side, or only on the deployment side.

[0151] The drive shaft 71, whose axial direction is in the width direction, includes a drive shaft 71 whose axial direction is slightly inclined with respect to the width direction. The same applies to the other pivot shafts 72-74 and support shafts 75, 76. The spats device 20 can also operate the spats 40 corresponding to the right front wheel and the spats 40 corresponding to the left front wheel with a single actuator.

[0152] A modification example of the spats device 20C according to the fourth embodiment will be briefly described with reference to Figure 31. As shown in Figure 31, the spats device 20D comprises a housing 30D, spats 40D, a first link unit 50D, a drive shaft 71, and a plurality of pivot shafts 72-74.

[0153] The first link unit 50D includes a drive link 51A that rotates integrally with the drive shaft 71, and an intermediate link 52D that connects the spats 40D and the drive link 51A. The intermediate link 52D is curved in a side view in the width direction. The intermediate link 52D includes a retaining hole 521D for holding the second pivot shaft 73, and a sliding groove 522D that connects to the retaining hole 521D and slides with the second pivot shaft 73. The retaining hole 521D is substantially circular, and the sliding groove 522D extends from the retaining hole 521D in the circumferential direction of the first pivot shaft 72. The intermediate link 52D also has a pair of protrusions 523D that separate the retaining hole 521D and the sliding groove 522D.

[0154] The spats device 20D retracts the spats 40D from the deployed position when an external force acts on the spats 40D due to contact with an obstacle while the spats 40D are in the deployed position. Specifically, at the point where the drive link 51A is turned over in the second position, the spats 40D and the second pivot shaft 73 rotate around the first pivot shaft 72 relative to the immovable intermediate link 52D. As a result, the second pivot shaft 73 disengages from the holding hole 521D of the intermediate link 52D. In other words, the state in which the second pivot shaft 73 is engaged with the holding hole 521D transitions to a state in which the second pivot shaft 73 is engaged with the sliding groove 522D, and the second pivot shaft 73 slides with the sliding groove 522D. Thus, unlike the fourth embodiment, even if the intermediate link 52D is provided with a sliding groove 522D that slides with the second pivot shaft 73, it is possible to retract the spats 40D from the deployed position.

[0155] The spats device 20C according to the fourth embodiment and the spats device 20D according to the modified example may be combined. In other words, a spats device may be configured in which the spats 40C according to the fourth embodiment and the intermediate link 52D according to the modified example are connected by the second rotating shaft 73.

[0156] In the third and fourth embodiments, the spats 40B and 40C may be equipped with weights. This makes it easier for the spats 40B and 40C to be displaced to a semi-extended position after contact with an obstacle.

[0157] In the third and fourth embodiments, the spats 40B and 40C do not need to have pressing portions 34B and 34C. In this case, the spats devices 20B and 20C may be moved to a state in which the second pivot shaft 73 engages with the holding holes 45 and 45C by the inertial force that displaces them from the retracted position to the deployed position due to their own weight. Alternatively, an operator, including the user, may manually move the second pivot shaft 73 to a state in which it engages with the holding holes 45 and 45C.

[0158] The control device 90 may be configured as a circuit including one or more processors that operate according to a computer program (software), one or more dedicated hardware circuits such as dedicated hardware (application-specific integrated circuits: ASICs) that perform at least some of the various processes, or a combination thereof. The processor includes a CPU and memory such as RAM and ROM, and the memory stores program code or instructions configured to cause the CPU to execute processes. Memory, i.e., storage media, includes any available media that can be accessed by a general-purpose or dedicated computer.

[0159] The technical concepts that can be understood from the above embodiments and modified examples are described below. A vehicle spats device that solves the problems of the above embodiment comprises: a spats that are rotatably supported on a first pivot shaft whose axial direction is in the vehicle width direction and which are displaceable between an deployed position in which they are deployed in the space in front of the wheels and a retracted position in which they are retracted from the space in front of the wheels; and a second link unit that transmits power from an actuator to the spats, wherein the second link unit comprises a drive link that rotates integrally with a drive shaft whose axial direction is in the vehicle width direction when the actuator is driven, and an intermediate link that is connected to the spats via a second pivot shaft whose axial direction is in the vehicle width direction and is connected to the drive link via a third pivot shaft whose axial direction is in the vehicle width direction. The drive link rotates around the drive shaft between a first position in which the spats are positioned in the retracted position and a second position in which the spats are positioned in the deployed position. The direction of rotation of the drive link when the spats are displaced from the deployed position to the retracted position is defined as the first rotation direction, and the direction opposite to the first rotation direction is defined as the second rotation direction. In a side view in the vehicle width direction, when the third pivot axis is located on the line segment connecting the drive shaft and the second pivot axis, the position of the drive link is defined as the second neutral position. In this configuration, the second position of the drive link is a position rotated in the second rotation direction from the second neutral position.

[0160] In the vehicle spats device with the above configuration, the second position of the drive link is rotated in the second rotation direction from the second neutral position. Therefore, when a force corresponding to wind pressure acting on the spats acts on the intermediate link, a moment can be generated in the drive link that causes the drive link to rotate in the second rotation direction. In other words, in this case, there is no risk of the spats being displaced toward the stowed position. Thus, the vehicle spats device can stabilize the attitude of the spats.

[0161] The technical philosophy is described below. • Vehicle spats devices, such as those described in [Background Technology], switch between deployed and retracted states due to the inertial force acting on them, which means that the spats may be deployed when they are to be retracted. The objective of the following technical concept is to provide a vehicle spats device that can stabilize the position of the spats.

[0162] The vehicle spats device is rotatably supported on a first pivot shaft whose axial direction is in the vehicle width direction, and comprises spats that are displaceable between an deployed position in which they are deployed in the space in front of the wheels and a retracted position in which they are retracted from the space in front of the wheels, and a link unit that transmits power from an actuator to the spats, wherein the link unit has a drive link that rotates integrally with the drive shaft whose axial direction is in the vehicle width direction when the actuator is driven, and an intermediate link that is connected to the spats via a second pivot shaft whose axial direction is in the vehicle width direction and is connected to the drive link via a third pivot shaft whose axial direction is in the vehicle width direction, and The drive link rotates around the drive shaft between a first position in which the spats are positioned in the retracted position and a second position in which the spats are positioned in the deployed position. The direction of rotation of the drive link when the spats are displaced from the deployed position to the retracted position is defined as the first rotation direction, and the direction opposite to the first rotation direction is defined as the second rotation direction. In a side view in the vehicle width direction, the position of the drive link when the drive shaft is located on the line segment connecting the second and third rotation axes is defined as the first neutral position. In this configuration, the first position of the drive link is a position rotated in the first rotation direction from the first neutral position.

[0163] In a drive link, if the first position is rotated in the second rotation direction from the first neutral position, the weight of the spats, etc., acting on the intermediate link may generate a moment in the drive link that causes it to rotate in the second rotation direction. In other words, in this case, even if the spats are to be kept in the retracted position, there is a risk that they will be displaced toward the deployed position.

[0164] In this regard, in the vehicle spats device with the above configuration, the first position of the drive link is a position rotated in the first rotational direction from the first neutral position. Therefore, when the weight of the spats acts on the intermediate link, a moment may be generated in the drive link that causes the drive link to rotate in the first rotational direction. In other words, in this case, there is no risk of the spats being displaced toward the deployed position. Thus, the vehicle spats device can stabilize the posture of the spats.

[0165] The above-mentioned vehicle spats device is equipped with a control device that controls the actuator, and it is preferable that the control device rotates the drive link from the first position to the first neutral position when the deployment preparation conditions are met, and rotates the drive link to the second position when the deployment conditions are met.

[0166] In the vehicle spats device with the above configuration, if the deployment condition is met after the deployment preparation condition has been met, the drive link is rotated from the first neutral position to the second position. Therefore, the vehicle spats device can shorten the time required to position the spats in the deployed position compared to when the drive link is rotated from the first position to the second position when the deployment condition is met.

[0167] When the position of the drive link at which the third pivot axis is located on the line segment connecting the drive axis and the second pivot axis in a side view in the vehicle width direction is defined as the second neutral position, it is preferable that the second position of the drive link is rotated in the second rotation direction more than the second neutral position.

[0168] In the drive link, if the second position is rotated in the first rotation direction from the second neutral position, a force corresponding to the wind pressure acting on the spats may act on the intermediate link, potentially generating a moment that rotates the drive link in the first rotation direction. In other words, in this case, even if the spats are to be kept in the deployed position, there is a risk that they may be displaced toward the retracted position.

[0169] In this regard, in the vehicle spats device with the above configuration, the second position of the drive link is a position rotated in the second rotation direction from the second neutral position. Therefore, when a force corresponding to the wind pressure acting on the spats acts on the intermediate link, a moment can be generated in the drive link that causes the drive link to rotate in the second rotation direction. In other words, in this case, there is no risk of the spats being displaced toward the stowed position. Thus, the vehicle spats device can stabilize the attitude of the spats.

[0170] The above-mentioned vehicle spats device is equipped with a control device that controls the actuator, and it is preferable that the control device rotates the drive link from the second position to the second neutral position when the storage preparation condition is met, and rotates the drive link to the first position when the storage condition is met.

[0171] In the vehicle spats device with the above configuration, if the storage condition is met after the storage preparation condition has been met, the drive link is rotated from the second neutral position to the first position. Therefore, the vehicle spats device can shorten the time required to position the spats in the storage position compared to when the drive link is rotated from the second position to the first position when the storage condition is met.

[0172] In the above-described vehicle spats device, when the link unit is designated as the first link unit, the device includes a second link unit having a first auxiliary link connected to the spats via the first pivot shaft and a second auxiliary link connected to the spats via the second pivot shaft, wherein when the spats are in the deployed position, it is preferable to move the first pivot shaft and the second pivot shaft to the rear of the vehicle more than when the spats are in the retracted position.

[0173] The vehicle spats device with the above configuration can bring the spats closer to the wheels when deployed. Therefore, the vehicle spats device can enhance the airflow rectification effect around the wheels.

[0174] In the above-described vehicle spats device, at least one of the intermediate link and the spats has a holding hole for holding the second pivot shaft and a sliding groove connected to the holding hole and sliding with the second pivot shaft, and the spats are displaced between the deployed position and the retracted position by the rotation of the drive link when the second pivot shaft is held in the holding hole, and it is preferable that the spats retract from the deployed position by transitioning from a state in which the second pivot shaft is engaged with the holding hole to a state in which the second pivot shaft is engaged with the sliding groove, while keeping the drive link in the second position.

[0175] When a vehicle is in motion with the spats deployed, the spats may come into contact with obstacles on the road. In this case, the vehicle spats device retracts the spats from their deployed position due to the force exerted by the obstacle. Therefore, the vehicle spats device can prevent overloading of the spats and other components of the device.

[0176] In the above-described vehicle spats device, it is preferable that the spats have the retaining holes and the sliding grooves. In the vehicle spats device with the above configuration, the retaining holes and sliding grooves are provided in the spats, which tend to have a larger shape than the intermediate links. Therefore, the design freedom for the retaining holes and sliding grooves tends to be higher.

[0177] The above-described vehicle spats device preferably includes a pressing part that, when the drive link rotates from the second position to the first position, presses the spats that engage with the second pivot shaft via the sliding groove, thereby transitioning the state in which the second pivot shaft is engaged with the sliding groove to a state in which the second pivot shaft is engaged with the retaining hole.

[0178] In the vehicle spats device with the above configuration, even after the second pivot shaft has transitioned from a state in which it is engaged with the retaining hole to a state in which it is engaged with the sliding groove, the drive link can be rotated from the second position to the first position to transition the second pivot shaft back to a state in which it is engaged with the retaining hole. In other words, the vehicle spats device can return the engagement state between the second pivot shaft and the spats to the normal state by rotating the drive link.

[0179] In the above-described vehicle spats device, when the link unit is designated as the first link unit, the device comprises a second link unit having a first auxiliary link connected to the spats via the first pivot shaft and a second auxiliary link connected to the spats via the second pivot shaft, wherein the sliding groove includes a first sliding groove extending from the holding hole in the circumferential direction of the first pivot shaft and a second sliding groove extending from the first sliding groove in a direction intersecting the first sliding groove, and the second link unit preferably moves the first pivot shaft and the second pivot shaft rearward of the vehicle when the spats are in the deployed position compared to when the spats are in the stored position, and moves the first pivot shaft forward of the vehicle when the second pivot shaft slides with the second sliding groove compared to when the second pivot shaft slides with the first sliding groove.

[0180] In the vehicle spats device with the above configuration, when the spats in the deployed position come into contact with an obstacle, the second rotation axle slides against the first sliding groove and then against the second sliding groove, thereby allowing the spats to be retracted away from the wheels.

[0181] In the above-described vehicle spats device, when the spats are positioned in the storage position, it is preferable that the intermediate link is curved in a direction away from the drive shaft. If the intermediate link is straight, interference between the intermediate link and the drive shaft is likely to occur when the drive shaft is in the first position or the first neutral position. In this respect, the vehicle spats device with the above configuration has a curved intermediate link, which can suppress interference between the intermediate link and the drive shaft. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0182] 10... Vehicles 13...Wheel 20,20A...Vehicle Spats Device 30, 30A~30D…Housing 34B, 34C... Pressing part 40, 40B~40D... Leggings 45,45C…Retaining hole 46(461,462),46C…Sliding groove 50, 50A, 50D... First link unit (link unit) 51, 51A… Drive link 52, 52A, 52D… Intermediate links 521D…Retaining hole 522D... Sliding groove 60…Second Link Unit 61…First auxiliary link 62…Second auxiliary link 71…Drive shaft 72...First drive axle 73...Second moving axle 74...3rd drive axle 75...1st support shaft 76…Second support shaft 80… Actuator 90...Control device R1...First rotation direction R2…Second rotation direction

Claims

[Claim 1] A spats is rotatably supported by a first pivot axis with the vehicle width direction as its axial direction and a second pivot axis with the vehicle width direction as its axial direction, and is configured to be displaceable between an deployed position where it is deployed in the space in front of the wheel and a retracted position where it is retracted from the space in front of the wheel. A first link connected to the spats via the first pivot shaft, The second link is connected to the spats via the second pivot shaft and is located further rearward than the first link. An actuator that transmits power to the aforementioned spats, The system comprises a control unit for controlling the actuator, The first and second links move the first and second pivot axes to the rear of the vehicle when the spats are in the deployed position, compared to when the spats are in the retracted position. The device comprises a housing that rotatably supports the first link and the second link, The first link and the second link, together with the housing and the spats, constitute a four-bar linkage mechanism. When the first and second links displace the spats between the stored position and the deployed position, the amount of rotation of the second link is set to be greater than the amount of rotation of the first link. The control unit controls the actuator to rotate the second link and displace the spats between the deployed position and the retracted position. Vehicle spats device.