Encoding method, decoding method, and optical module

Abstract

This application discloses an encoding method, a decoding method and an optical module, which are related to the field of data transmission technology. The method includes the steps of: an optical module acquiring an optical transmission mode used for signal transmission; an optical module receiving a signal on which outer-code encoding has been performed; an optical module determining an inner-code encoding scheme to be used by the optical module to perform inner-code encoding on the signal on which outer-code encoding has been performed based on the optical transmission mode; an optical module performing inner-code encoding on the signal on which outer-code encoding has been performed by using the inner-code encoding scheme; and an optical module outputting the signal on which inner-code encoding has been performed. According to this application, the error correction performance of Ethernet can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] [ Technical Field This application relates to the field of data transmission technologies, and in particular, to encoding methods, decoding methods, and optical modules.

Background Art

[0002] With the wide application of 5G, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality, the traffic in data centers is constantly increasing rapidly. The existing 400GE (400 Gigabit per second (400 Gbps) Ethernet) technology cannot meet the requirements for the interconnection architecture that will form the basis of future data centers. Therefore, in order to meet the bandwidth requirements of future data centers, a next-generation Ethernet technology with higher bandwidth is needed. However, as the transmission rate of Ethernet increases, the transmission bit error rate of Ethernet increases accordingly, and using a forward error correction (FEC) method to correct the transmission signal becomes a core technology for removing transmission bit errors.

[0003] There are many devices in a data center. In the related art, in the process of a transmission device in a data center transmitting a signal to a receiving device, in order to implement forward error correction on the signal by using an encoding and decoding process, the signal needs to be encoded on the transmission device. For example, the signal is encoded by using a Reed-Solomon code (also abbreviated as RS code), and the signal needs to be decoded on the receiving device. For example, the signal is decoded by using an RS code.

[0004] However, the forward error correction method cannot meet the requirements for the error correction performance of next-generation Ethernet.

Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an encoding method, a decoding method, and an optical module for improving the error correction performance of Ethernet. The technical solutions provided in this application are described below.

[0006] According to a first aspect, the application provides an encoding method, the method comprising: an optical module acquiring an optical transmission mode to be used for signal transmission; the optical module receiving a signal on which outer-code encoding has been performed; the optical module determining, based on the optical transmission mode, an inner-code encoding scheme to be used by the optical module to perform inner-code encoding on the signal on which outer-code encoding has been performed; the optical module performing inner-code encoding on the signal on which outer-code encoding has been performed by using the inner-code encoding scheme; and the optical module outputting a signal on which inner-code encoding has been performed.

[0007] According to the coding method provided in this application, the internal coding scheme can be determined based on the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission, thereby enabling the selection of an appropriate coding scheme based on different transmission scenarios, ensuring signal transmission performance in different transmission scenarios, and satisfying transmission performance requirements such as error correction performance, delay requirements, and energy consumption requirements in the transmission process.

[0008] There are several implementations in which an optical module acquires the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission. In this application, the following three implementations are used as illustrative examples.

[0009] In the first implementation, the acquisition of the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission includes the optical module receiving instruction information from a transmitting device and determining the optical transmission mode based on the instruction information. The transmitting device is configured to determine the optical transmission mode through Ethernet auto-negotiation with a receiving device.

[0010] In the first implementation, instruction information transmitted by the transmitting device is received, and the optical transmission mode is determined based on the instruction information. Therefore, the optical transmission mode can be determined in a relatively simple manner without additional computational or memory costs. Furthermore, when determining the optical transmission mode through auto-negotiation, the transmitting device can use reserved bits in the encoded information without additional operational costs, which simplifies the method for determining the optical transmission mode.

[0011] In the second implementation, the acquisition of the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission includes the optical module receiving instruction information from a transmitting device and determining the optical transmission mode based on the instruction information. The transmitting device is configured to determine the optical transmission mode. For example, the transmitting device may receive a control stream transmitted by a network controller, which is used to instruct the transmitting device to transmit the optical transmission mode used by the transmitting device, and the medium access control layer of the transmitting device can determine the optical transmission mode used for signal transmission according to the control stream.

[0012] In the second implementation, the transmitting device determines the optical transmission mode and transmits instructional information indicating the optical transmission mode to the transmitting end optical module, thereby enabling the optical transmission mode to be determined in a relatively simple manner without additional computational or memory costs. Furthermore, a default field in the encoded information encoded using the first PCS is used to indicate the optical transmission mode, and reserved bits in the encoded information are used without additional operational costs, which simplifies the method for determining the optical transmission mode.

[0013] Optionally, in the first and second implementations, the optical module determining the optical transmission mode based on instruction information includes the optical module extracting parameters used to indicate the optical transmission mode from the instruction information and determining the optical transmission mode based on the parameters used to indicate the optical transmission mode, wherein the instruction information carries one or more parameters.

[0014] In the third implementation, the acquisition of the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission includes the optical module determining the optical transmission mode based on configuration operations performed on the optical module by a control device. The control device may be a device such as a host computer used by an administrator to manage the optical module.

[0015] Optionally, the optical module includes memory, and the configuration operation includes a write operation performed on an identifier in memory that indicates the optical transmission mode. Correspondingly, the optical module may determine the optical transmission mode by reading an identifier in memory that indicates the optical transmission mode.

[0016] In the third implementation method, the optical transmission mode is configured through software configuration, requiring no additional overhead, thereby simplifying the implementation and reducing the transmission cost of the data center network.

[0017] In this application, regarding different encoding schemes corresponding to point-to-point optical transmission mode and point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, encoding in different encoding schemes may be implemented via the same optical module. In possible implementations, the optical module includes a selection subassembly and a component code encoder, and the optical module performing internal code coding on a signal that has been externally coded by using an internal code coding scheme includes the selection subassembly selecting a target candidate signal from a plurality of candidate signals according to the internal code coding scheme and providing the target candidate signal to the component code encoder, and the component code encoder performing internal code coding on the signal that has been externally coded based on the target candidate signal.

[0018] In the optical module provided in this embodiment of this application, the effect of different coding schemes on the coding process is expressed as an effect on the target candidate signal used by the component code encoder to perform internal code coding. Furthermore, a selection subassembly is located within the optical module, and the selection subassembly can select a candidate signal according to the coding scheme and can switch between different coding schemes within the same optical module, thereby enabling the optical module to code signals according to different coding schemes. Compared to implementations that switch between different optical modules to use different coding schemes for coding, this effectively improves the efficiency of coding signals by using different coding schemes, improves the compatibility of optical modules, and increases the advantages of optical module area and power consumption.

[0019] Optionally, the optical transmission mode includes point-to-point optical transmission mode or point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode. In point-to-point optical transmission mode, the signal is transmitted from the transmitting device to the receiving device using a single channel, while in point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, the signal is transmitted from the transmitting device to the receiving device using a single-channel-to-multichannel method.

[0020] In possible implementations, a correspondence between optical transmission modes and coding schemes is established within the optical module, and the optical module's determination of the internal coding scheme to be used by the optical module to perform internal coding on a signal that has undergone external coding involves the optical module querying the correspondence between optical transmission modes and coding schemes based on the optical transmission modes in order to obtain the internal coding scheme.

[0021] Furthermore, the correspondence between optical transmission modes and coding schemes includes the fact that point-to-point optical transmission modes correspond to spatially coupled coding schemes, and point-to-multipoint optical transmission modes correspond to block algebraic coding schemes.

[0022] Spatial coupling coding includes coding using zipper codes, and block algebraic coding includes coding using Hamming codes or BCH codes.

[0023] In the point-to-point optical transmission mode, a spatial coupling coding method (e.g., zipper code) is selected, whereby an inner code coding can be realized that features high speed, high performance, and low power consumption and meets the requirements of the delay indicator. In the point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, a block algebraic coding method (e.g., Hamming code or BCH code) is selected, whereby a flexible and configurable inner code coding with ultra-low delay can be realized to ensure the delay requirements in the point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode.

[0024] According to a second aspect, this application provides an inner code decoding method. The method includes steps in which an optical module obtains the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission, the optical module receives a signal for which inner code decoding is to be performed, the optical module determines the inner code decoding method to be used by the optical module to perform inner code decoding on the signal based on the optical transmission mode, the optical module performs inner code decoding on the signal by using the inner code decoding method, and the optical module outputs the signal on which inner code decoding has been performed in order to perform outer code decoding on the signal on which inner code decoding has been performed.

[0025] There are multiple implementation methods for an optical module to obtain the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission. In this application, the following three implementation methods are used as examples for explanation.

[0026] In the first implementation method, for an optical module to obtain the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission includes the optical module receiving indication information from a receiving device and determining the optical transmission mode based on the indication information. The indication information of the receiving device may be obtained through Ethernet auto-negotiation between the receiving device and the transmitting device, or the indication information of the receiving device may be obtained from a network controller.

[0027] Optionally, the optical module determines the optical transmission mode based on the indication information, which includes the optical module extracting parameters used to indicate the optical transmission mode from the indication information and determining the optical transmission mode based on the parameters used to indicate the optical transmission mode, and the indication information carries one or more parameters.

[0028] In a second implementation manner, the optical module obtaining the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission includes the optical module determining the optical transmission mode based on the configuration operations executed by the control device for the optical module.

[0029] Optionally, the optical module includes a memory, and the configuration operations include write operations executed for an identifier in the memory that indicates the optical transmission mode. Correspondingly, the optical module may determine the optical transmission mode by reading an identifier in the memory that indicates the optical transmission mode.

[0030] In this application, for different decoding methods corresponding to the point-to-point optical transmission mode and the point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, the decoding in different decoding methods may be realized through the same optical module. In a possible implementation manner, the optical module includes a selection subassembly and a component code decoder. When the optical module executes inner code decoding on a signal by using an inner code decoding method, it includes the selection subassembly selecting a target candidate signal from a plurality of candidate signals according to the inner code decoding method and providing the target candidate signal to the component code decoder, and the component code decoder executing inner code decoding on the signal based on the target candidate signal.

[0031] In the optical module provided in this embodiment of this application, the effect of different decoding schemes on the decoding process is expressed as an effect on the target candidate signal used by the component code decoder to perform internal code decoding. Furthermore, a selection subassembly is located within the optical module and can select candidate signals according to the decoding scheme and can switch between different decoding schemes within the same optical module, thereby enabling the optical module to decode signals according to different decoding schemes. Compared to implementations that switch between different optical modules to use different decoding schemes for decoding, this effectively improves the efficiency of decoding signals by using different decoding schemes, improves the compatibility of optical modules, and increases the advantages of optical module area and power consumption.

[0032] In possible implementations, a correspondence between an optical transmission mode and a decoding scheme is established within the optical module, and the optical module's determination of the internal code decoding scheme to be used by the optical module to perform internal code decoding on a signal, based on the optical transmission mode, includes the optical module querying the correspondence between the optical transmission mode and the decoding scheme based on the optical transmission mode in order to obtain the internal code decoding scheme.

[0033] Optionally, the optical transmission mode includes point-to-point optical transmission mode or point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, where in point-to-point optical transmission mode, the signal is transmitted from the transmitting device to the receiving device using a single channel, and in point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, the signal is transmitted from the transmitting device to the receiving device using a single-channel to multi-channel scheme. The correspondence between the optical transmission mode and the decoding scheme includes the fact that point-to-point optical transmission mode corresponds to spatially coupled decoding and point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode corresponds to block algebra decoding.

[0034] Spatial coupling decoding includes decoding using zipper codes, and block algebra decoding includes decoding using Hamming codes or BCH codes.

[0035] In point-to-point optical transmission mode, a spatially coupled decoding scheme (e.g., zipper coding) is selected to enable internal code decoding that is fast, high-performance, low-power, and satisfies the requirements of a delay indicator. In point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, a block algebra decoding scheme (e.g., Hamming coding or BCH coding) is selected to enable flexible and configurable internal code decoding with ultra-low latency to ensure the delay requirements in point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode.

[0036] According to a third aspect, the application provides an optical module comprising: an input unit configured to acquire an optical transmission mode to be used by the optical module for signal transmission; an input unit configured to receive a signal on which external coding has been performed, wherein the encoding unit is further configured to determine an internal coding scheme for performing internal coding on the signal on which external coding has been performed, based on the optical transmission mode; and an output unit configured to output a signal on which internal coding has been performed.

[0037] Optionally, the coding unit is specifically configured to receive instruction information from the transmitting device and determine the optical transmission mode based on the instruction information.

[0038] Optionally, the instruction information for the transmitting device is obtained through Ethernet auto-negotiation between the transmitting and receiving devices, or the instruction information for the transmitting device is obtained from the network controller.

[0039] Optionally, the coding unit determining the optical transmission mode based on instruction information includes extracting parameters used to indicate the optical transmission mode from the instruction information and determining the optical transmission mode based on the parameters used to indicate the optical transmission mode, wherein the instruction information carries one or more parameters.

[0040] Optionally, the optical module includes memory, and the encoding unit is specifically configured to determine the optical transmission mode based on a write operation performed by a control device on an identifier located in the memory that indicates the optical transmission mode.

[0041] Optionally, the coding unit includes a selection subassembly and a component code encoder, the selection subassembly selects a target candidate signal from a plurality of candidate signals according to an internal code coding scheme and provides the target candidate signal to the component code encoder, the component code encoder performs internal code coding on the signal that has been externally coded based on the target candidate signal.

[0042] Optionally, the optical transmission mode includes point-to-point optical transmission mode or point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode. In point-to-point optical transmission mode, the signal is transmitted from the transmitting device to the receiving device using a single channel, while in point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, the signal is transmitted from the transmitting device to the receiving device using a single-channel to multi-channel scheme.

[0043] Optionally, the coding unit is specifically configured to query the correspondence between optical transmission modes and coding schemes based on the optical transmission mode in order to obtain an internal coding scheme. The correspondence between optical transmission modes and coding schemes includes the fact that point-to-point optical transmission modes correspond to spatially coupled coding schemes and point-to-multipoint optical transmission modes correspond to block algebraic coding schemes.

[0044] Optionally, spatially coupled coding schemes include coding using zipper codes, and block algebraic coding schemes include coding using Hamming codes or BCH codes.

[0045] According to a fourth aspect, the application provides an optical module comprising: a decoding unit configured to acquire an optical transmission mode to be used by the optical module for signal transmission; an input unit configured to receive a signal on which internal code decoding is to be performed; the decoding unit is further configured to determine an internal code decoding scheme for performing internal code decoding on a signal based on the optical transmission mode; and an output unit configured to output a signal on which internal code decoding has been performed in order to perform external code decoding on a signal on which internal code decoding has been performed.

[0046] Optionally, the decoding unit is specifically configured to receive instruction information from a receiving device and determine the optical transmission mode based on the instruction information.

[0047] Optionally, the instruction information for the receiving device is obtained through Ethernet auto-negotiation between the receiving and transmitting devices, or the instruction information for the receiving device is obtained from the network controller.

[0048] Optionally, the decoding unit is specifically configured to extract parameters used to indicate the optical transmission mode from the instruction information and to determine the optical transmission mode based on the parameters used to indicate the optical transmission mode, wherein the instruction information carries one or more parameters.

[0049] Optionally, the optical module includes memory, and the decoding unit is specifically configured to determine the optical transmission mode based on a write operation performed by a control device on an identifier located in the memory that indicates the optical transmission mode.

[0050] Optionally, the decoding unit includes a selection subassembly and a component code decoder, wherein the selection subassembly is configured to select a target candidate signal from a plurality of candidate signals according to an internal code decoding scheme and provide the target candidate signal to the component code decoder, and the component code decoder is configured to perform internal code decoding on the signal based on the target candidate signal.

[0051] Optionally, the decoding unit is specifically configured to query the correspondence between the optical transmission mode and the decoding scheme based on the optical transmission mode in order to obtain the internal code decoding scheme.

[0052] Optionally, the optical transmission mode includes point-to-point optical transmission mode or point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode. In point-to-point optical transmission mode, the signal is transmitted from the transmitting device to the receiving device using a single channel, while in point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, the signal is transmitted from the transmitting device to the receiving device using a single-channel to multi-channel scheme.

[0053] Optionally, the correspondence between optical transmission modes and decoding schemes includes the case where point-to-point optical transmission modes correspond to spatially coupled decoding schemes, and point-to-multipoint optical transmission modes correspond to block algebra decoding schemes.

[0054] Optionally, the spatially coupled decoding scheme includes decoding using zipper codes, and the block algebra decoding scheme includes decoding using Hamming codes or BCH codes.

[0055] According to a fifth aspect, the application provides a computer device including memory and a processor. The memory stores program instructions, and the processor executes the program instructions in order to perform a method according to any one of the first or second aspects of the application, or a possible implementation of the first or second aspect.

[0056] According to a sixth aspect, the application provides a computer-readable storage medium containing program instructions. When the program instructions are executed on a computer device, the computer device becomes capable of performing a method according to any one of the first or second aspects of the application, or any possible implementation of the first or second aspect.

[0057] According to the seventh aspect, the application provides a computer program product. When the computer program product is executed on a computer, the computer becomes capable of performing a method according to any one of the first or second aspects of the application, or any possible implementation of the first or second aspect. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0058] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a data center network according to an embodiment of this application. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram of the point-to-point optical transmission mode process according to an embodiment of this application. [Figure 3] This is a schematic diagram of the process for a point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode according to an embodiment of this application. [Figure 4] This is a schematic diagram of the implementation environment for the encoding and decoding methods according to the embodiments of this application. [Figure 5] This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a transmitting device, a transmitting end optical module, a receiving end optical module, and a receiving device according to an embodiment of this application. [Figure 6] This is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission process in the environment in which the embodiment of this application is realized. [Figure 7] This is a flowchart of the first encoding method according to an embodiment of this application. [Figure 8] This is the format of encoded information carried in a register-based page according to an embodiment of this application. [Figure 9] This is a schematic diagram of an optical module according to an embodiment of this application. [Figure 10] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical module according to an embodiment of this application. [Figure 11] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another optical module according to an embodiment of this application. [Figure 12] This is a flowchart of the decoding method according to an embodiment of this application. [Figure 13] This is a schematic diagram of the optical module framework according to the embodiment of this application. [Figure 14] This is a schematic diagram of the framework of another optical module according to an embodiment of this application. [Figure 15] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of this application. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0059] To further clarify the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of this application, the method of implementation of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the attached drawings.

[0060] As Ethernet transmission rates increase, the Ethernet transmission bit error rate increases accordingly, and using FEC (Forward Error Correction) schemes to correct transmission signals becomes a core technique for eliminating transmission bit errors. Therefore, designing efficient, low-complexity, and low-latency FEC coding algorithms and implementation architectures is a major technical challenge for next-generation Ethernet technology. Ethernet transmission scenarios include data centers (e.g., short-distance transmission in data centers), cloud storage, cloud computing, and 5G base station backbone network transmissions, as well as other scenarios. In embodiments of this application, an example of signal transmission in a data center is used for illustrative purposes.

[0061] Data centers contain many devices such as switches and routers. In the process of transmitting signals from a transmitting device to a receiving device within a data center, the signal transmitted by the transmitting device is transmitted to the receiving device sequentially through transmitting-end optical modules, optical fibers, receiving-end optical modules, etc. In related technologies, in order to achieve forward error correction for signals by using encoding and decoding processes, the signal is usually encoded on the transmitting device, for example, RS codes are used to encode the signal, and decoding is performed on the receiving device, for example, RS codes are used to decode the signal.

[0062] However, in next-generation Ethernet technology, multiple optical transmission modes may be configured for data center networks according to application requirements, and different optical transmission modes correspond to different single-channel transmission rates. Optionally, multiple optical transmission modes in a data center network include point-to-point optical transmission modes and point-to-multipoint optical transmission modes (also called breakout optical transmission modes). Point-to-point optical transmission mode is an optical transmission mode in which a signal is transmitted from a transmitting device to a receiving device through a single channel. Point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode is an optical transmission mode in which a signal is transmitted from a transmitting device to a receiving device in a single-channel to multi-channel manner.

[0063] For example, as shown in Figure 1, a data center network using 800Gbps Ethernet has relatively high requirements for throughput rate. The data center network uses 800Gbps point-to-point optical transmission mode and 800Gbps point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode. The 800Gbps point-to-point optical transmission mode is shown in dashed box 1 in Figure 1. A single channel is used for signal transmission between two switches in the data center network, and the data stream throughput rate for signal transmission is 800Gbps. The 800Gbps point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode is shown in dashed box 2 in Figure 1. The switches in the data center may transmit signals separately to four switches using a single channel, i.e., they may transmit signals using four completely independent channels. The data stream throughput rate for signals transmitted on each channel is 200Gbps. That is, a switch acting as a transmitting device transmits signals to four switches using 800Gbps point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode. In Figure 1, double arrows represent one channel.

[0064] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the process of a point-to-point optical transmission mode according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 2, the transmitting device may transmit an electrical signal to an optical module located on the transmitting side. The optical module includes a signal processing module and a wavelength division multiplexing module. The signal processing module converts the electrical signal into n (e.g., n=4) optical waves λ1,...,λn. The wavelength division multiplexing module performs wavelength division multiplexing (also called multiplexing) on ​​the n optical waves to obtain an optical signal for one channel, and then transmits the optical signal for that channel using a single optical fiber. The optical module located on the receiving side includes a demultiplexing module and a signal processing module. After receiving the optical signal from the optical fiber, the demultiplexing module performs a demultiplexing (also called demultiplexing) operation on the optical signal to restore the optical signal to n optical waves λ1,...,λn. The signal processing module converts the n optical waves λ1,...,λn into an electrical signal, and then transmits the electrical signal to the receiving device.

[0065] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the process of a point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3, the transmitting device may transmit an electrical signal to an optical module located on the transmitting side. The optical module includes a signal processing module and a wavelength division multiplexing module. The signal processing module converts the electrical signal into n (e.g., n=4) optical waves λ1,...,λn. The wavelength division multiplexing module multiplexes the n optical waves into an optical signal for one channel and transmits the signal for that channel to an optical splitter. The optical splitter splits the optical signal into n optical waves λ1,...,λn. The n optical waves λ1,...,λn are then transmitted separately to n optical modules using n optical fibers. After receiving the optical waves, each optical module converts the received optical waves into an electrical signal via the signal processing module and then transmits the electrical signal to the corresponding receiving device.

[0066] It should be noted that in both the point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode shown in dashed box 2 in Figure 1 and the point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode shown in Figure 3, the same transmitting device transmits the signal to multiple receiving devices. However, in the point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, the same transmitting device may, alternatively, transmit the signal to the same receiving devices using a single-channel to multi-channel method. Details will not be explained here.

[0067] Different optical transmission modes have different requirements for signal transmission performance, and forward error correction schemes in related technologies cannot meet the transmission performance requirements of next-generation Ethernet, such as error correction, delay, and transmit power consumption. For example, in 800Gbps point-to-point optical transmission mode and 800Gbps point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, when zipper codes are used for encoding and decoding, the delay limit of the Ethernet link is exceeded in point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode.

[0068] Embodiments of this application provide an encoding method and a decoding method. In the encoding method, an optical module determines an internal coding scheme to be used by the optical module to perform internal coding on a signal that has undergone external coding, according to the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission, and can then perform internal coding on the signal that has undergone external coding by using the internal coding scheme. In the decoding method, an optical module determines an internal coding decoding scheme to be used by the optical module to perform internal coding decoding on a signal, according to the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission, can perform internal coding decoding on the signal by using the internal coding decoding scheme, and can then output the internally coded decoded signal in order to perform external coding on the internally coded decoded signal.

[0069] According to the coding method provided in embodiments of this application, the internal coding scheme can be determined based on the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission, thereby enabling the selection of an appropriate coding scheme based on different transmission scenarios and ensuring signal transmission performance in different transmission scenarios.

[0070] Similarly, according to the decoding method provided in this embodiment of the application, the internal code decoding scheme can be determined based on the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission, thereby enabling the internal code decoding scheme to be used to decode the signal to be adapted to the optical transmission mode, and ensuring signal transmission performance in different transmission scenarios.

[0071] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an implementation environment for an encoding and decoding method according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 2, the implementation environment includes a transmitting device 01, a transmitting end optical module (i.e., an optical module located at the transmitting end) 02, a channel transmission medium 03, a receiving end optical module (i.e., an optical module located at the receiving end) 04, and a receiving device 05. In a data center network, the transmitting device 01 and the receiving device 05 may be devices such as switches or routers, and the channel transmission medium 03 may be an optical fiber.

[0072] Functional layers are located in the transmitting device 01, transmitting end optical module 02, receiving end optical module 04, and receiving device 05. The functions of the transmitting device 01, transmitting end optical module 02, receiving end optical module 04, and receiving device 05 as referred to in this embodiment of this application may be realized through functional layers located in the transmitting device 01, transmitting end optical module 02, receiving end optical module 04, and receiving device 05. For example, as shown in Figure 5, a first physical coding sublayer (PCS) and a first physical medium attachment sublayer (PMA) are located in the transmitting device 01. A second PCS and a second PMA are located in the receiving device 05. A third PMA, a fourth PMA, and a first physical media dependent (PMD) layer are located in the transmitting end optical module 02. A fifth PMA, a sixth PMA, and a second PMD layer are located in the receiving end optical module 04. The transmitting device 01 may implement the function of encoding a signal via a first PCS. The receiving device 05 may implement the function of decoding a signal via a second PCS. The transmitting end optical module 02 may implement the function of encoding a signal via a third PMA. The receiving end optical module 04 may implement the function of decoding a signal via a fifth PMA.

[0073] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission process in the implementation environment shown in Figure 4. As shown in Figure 6, in the process of transmitting a signal from a transmitting device 01 to a receiving device 05, the transmitting device 01 is configured to perform external code coding on the signal and then transmit the externally coded signal to the transmitting end optical module 02. The transmitting end optical module 02 is configured to determine an internal code coding scheme based on the optical transmission mode used by the transmitting end optical module 02 for signal transmission, and to perform internal code coding on the externally coded signal using the internal code coding scheme, and to transmit the internally coded signal to the channel transmission medium 03. The channel transmission medium 03 is configured to transmit the internally coded signal to the receiving end optical module 04. The receiving end optical module 04 is configured to determine an internal code decoding scheme based on the optical transmission mode used by the receiving end optical module 04 for signal transmission, and to perform internal code decoding on the internally coded signal using the internal code decoding scheme, and to transmit the internally coded decoded signal (i.e., the signal to be externally coded decoded in Figure 6) to the receiving device 05. The receiving device 05 is configured to perform outer code decoding on signals that have undergone inner code decoding.

[0074] Corresponding to the functional layers of the devices shown in Figure 5, the transmitting device 01 may implement the function of performing external code coding on a signal via a first PCS. The receiving device 05 may implement the function of performing external code decoding on a signal that has undergone internal code decoding via a second PCS. The transmitting end optical module 02 may implement the function of performing internal code coding on a signal that has undergone external code coding via a third PMA. The receiving end optical module 04 may implement the function of performing internal code decoding on a signal that has undergone internal code coding via a fifth PMA. In possible implementations, an internal code coding circuit may be located in the third PMA and perform internal code coding on a signal that has undergone external code coding. An internal code decoding circuit may be located in the fifth PMA and perform internal code decoding on a signal that has undergone internal code coding.

[0075] The "internal" in "internal code" and the "external" in "external code" indicate whether the entity performing the operation on the signal is relatively close to or relatively far from the channel transmission medium. An entity performing the operation on an internal code is relatively close to the channel transmission medium, and an entity performing the operation on an external code is relatively far from the channel transmission medium. In this embodiment of the application, a signal is transmitted from a transmitting device 01 to a channel transmission medium 03 via a transmitting end optical module 02, and then from the channel transmission medium 03 to a receiving device 05 via a receiving end optical module 04. The signal encoded by the transmitting device 01 is farther from the channel transmission medium 03 than the signal encoded by the transmitting end optical module 02, and the signal decoded by the receiving device 05 is farther from the channel transmission medium 03 than the signal decoded by the receiving end optical module 04. Therefore, the signal encoded by the transmitting device 01 is called a signal that has undergone external code coding, the signal encoded by the transmitting end optical module 02 is called a signal that has undergone internal code coding, the signal decoded by the receiving device 05 is called a signal that has undergone external code decoding, and the signal decoded by the receiving end optical module 04 is called a signal that has undergone internal code decoding.

[0076] The implementation process of the encoding method according to the embodiment of this application is described below. As shown in Figure 7, the implementation process of the encoding method includes the following steps.

[0077] Step 701: The optical module receives the signal after external coding has been performed.

[0078] As shown in Figure 1, in the process of transmitting a signal to the receiving device 05, the transmitting device 01 may first perform external code coding on the signal and then transmit the external code coded signal to the transmitting end optical module 02.

[0079] Step 702: The transmitting end optical module acquires the optical transmission mode to be used by the transmitting end optical module for signal transmission. The order of steps 701 and 702 is not limited, and alternatively, the optical transmission mode may be acquired first.

[0080] There are several implementations in which a transmitting end optical module acquires the optical transmission mode used by the transmitting end optical module for signal transmission. In this embodiment of this application, the following three implementations are used as illustrative examples.

[0081] In the first implementation, the transmitting optical module receives instruction information transmitted by the transmitting device and determines the optical transmission mode based on the instruction information. The transmitting device is configured to determine the optical transmission mode through negotiation with the receiving device. For example, transmitting device 01 and receiving device 05 operate in Ethernet auto-negotiation (AN) mode to determine the optical transmission mode.

[0082] Optionally, the transmitting end optical module determining the optical transmission mode based on instruction information includes the transmitting end optical module extracting parameters used to indicate the optical transmission mode from the instruction information and determining the optical transmission mode based on the parameters used to indicate the optical transmission mode, wherein the instruction information may carry one or more parameters.

[0083] According to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.3 standard, when a transmitting and receiving device are operating in auto-negotiation (AN) mode, both the transmitting and receiving devices may send a configuration bitstream (represented as / C / code) to the peer end in order to perform negotiation using the configuration bitstream. In the auto-negotiation process, if either the transmitting or receiving device receives multiple consecutive (e.g., three) identical configuration bitstreams and the operating mode indicated by the received configuration bitstream matches the local operating mode, the transmitting or receiving device sends back a configuration bitstream with an acknowledgment (Ack) to the peer end. After receiving the acknowledgment, the peer end confirms that the two ends can interact with each other. The peer end then locks the port status to UP. After the port status is locked to UP, the peer end configures the transmit or receive mode for the two ends. Furthermore, after the transmitting and receiving devices have determined the optical transmission mode to be used for signal transmission through auto-negotiation, the transmitting and receiving devices may record the determined optical transmission mode in their respective registers and transmit instruction information used to indicate the optical transmission mode to the optical modules connected to the transmitting and receiving devices, respectively, so that the corresponding optical modules can determine the optical transmission mode according to the instruction information.

[0084] The register-based page is encapsulated within the configuration bitstream and carries encoded information used to indicate the local operating mode, which includes the locally supported optical transmission modes. The format of the encoded information carried by the register-based page is shown in Figure 8, and the values ​​carried by different data bits within the encoded information are used to indicate the operating mode indicated by the data bits. As shown in Figure 8, data bit D0 is the least significant bit (LSB), and data bit D15 is the most significant bit (MSB). In the IEEE 802.3 standard, data bits D0-D4 and D9-D11 are all reserved bits (shown as "rsvd" in Figure 8). Data bit D5 is represented by the letter "FD" and is used to indicate whether the transmitting device of the configuration bitstream can operate in full-duplex (FD) mode. Data bit D6 is represented by the letter "HD" and is used to indicate whether the transmitting device of the configuration bitstream can operate in half-duplex (HD) mode. Data bit D7 is represented by the letter "PS1" and is used to indicate whether the transmitting device of the configuration bitstream can perform a full-duplex pause operation. Data bit D8 is represented by the letter "PS2" and is used to indicate whether the transmitting device of the configuration bitstream has the capability for an asymmetric pause. Data bit D12 is represented by the letter "RF1" and data bit D13 is represented by the letter "RF2". Data bits D12 and D13 together indicate whether the transmitting end of the configuration bitstream can advertise detected remote faults. Data bit D14 is represented by the letter "Ack" and is used to indicate whether the information in the current register base page has been received. Data bit D15 is represented by the letter "NP" and is used to indicate whether the current register base page is the last page. [Table 1]

[0085] In this embodiment of this application, reserved bits in the IEEE 802.3 standard are used to indicate the optical transmission mode supported by the transmitting end of the configuration bitstream. For example, data bits D10 and D11 are used to indicate the optical transmission mode. In this case, data bit D10 may be represented by using "BK1", and data bit D11 may be represented by using "BK2". As shown in Table 1, when both the value of BK1 and the value of BK2 are logical 1, this indicates that the optical transmission mode is a point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode. When either the value of BK1 or BK2 is logical 1 and the value of the other is logical 0, this indicates that the optical transmission mode is a point-to-point optical transmission mode. The use of data bits D10 and D11 to indicate the optical transmission mode and the use of the values ​​of BK1 and BK2 to indicate the optical transmission mode are merely examples of how reserved bits can be used to indicate an optical transmission mode. This is not intended to limit the implementations that use reserved bits to indicate an optical transmission mode. For example, alternatively, data bits D9 and D10 may be used to indicate the optical transmission mode according to application requirements. Alternatively, when the values ​​of BK1 and BK2 are both logical 0, this may be used to indicate that the transmission mode is point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode. Alternatively, when the values ​​of BK1 and BK2 are both logical 1, this may be used to indicate that the transmission mode is point-to-point optical transmission mode.

[0086] Furthermore, if either the transmitting or receiving device cannot detect the optical transmission mode supported by the transmitting or receiving device, for example, if either the transmitting or receiving device does not have an auto-negotiation function, the default point-to-point optical transmission mode is used between the transmitting and receiving devices. In this case, the value represented by the two reserved bits used to indicate the optical transmission mode may be 0b00. Additionally, when the state of a register in either the transmitting or receiving device is switched to an idle detection state (for example, when the register state is switched to an idle detection state in the event of a failure or power off), the value represented by the two reserved bits used to indicate the optical transmission mode is reset to 0b00.

[0087] For an optional implementation method in which the optical transmission mode is specified in the instruction information sent to the respective connected optical modules by the transmitting and receiving devices, refer to the implementation methods for specifying the optical transmission mode in Table 1. Further details will not be explained here.

[0088] In the first implementation, the transmitting and receiving devices determine the optical transmission mode through auto-negotiation, and the transmitting end optical module receives instruction information transmitted by the transmitting device and determines the optical transmission mode based on the instruction information. Therefore, the optical transmission mode can be determined in a relatively simple manner without additional computational or memory costs. Furthermore, when determining the optical transmission mode through auto-negotiation, the transmitting device can use reserved bits in the encoded information without additional operational costs, which simplifies the method for determining the optical transmission mode.

[0089] In the second implementation, the transmitting optical module receives instruction information transmitted by the transmitting device and determines the optical transmission mode based on the instruction information. The transmitting device is configured to determine the optical transmission mode. For example, the transmitting device may receive a control stream transmitted by a network controller, which is used to instruct the transmitting device to transmit the optical transmission mode to be used by the transmitting device, and the media access control (MAC) layer of the transmitting device can determine the optical transmission mode to be used for signal transmission based on the control stream.

[0090] Optionally, the transmitting end optical module determining the optical transmission mode based on instruction information includes the transmitting end optical module extracting parameters used to indicate the optical transmission mode from the instruction information and determining the optical transmission mode based on the parameters used to indicate the optical transmission mode, wherein the instruction information carries one or more parameters.

[0091] In possible implementations, the MAC layer of the transmitting device may determine the optical transmission mode and transmit a signal carrying the optical transmission mode to the PCS of the transmitting device. The PCS may determine the optical transmission mode based on the signal and transmit instruction information to the end optical module, so that the end optical module determines the optical transmission mode based on the instruction information. For example, as shown in Figure 5, after receiving the signal transmitted by the MAC layer, the first PCS of the transmitting device 01 may first encode the signal to obtain encoded information (e.g., 64B / 66B encoded information), then the first PCS may determine the optical transmission mode based on the encoded information and transmit instruction information to the end optical module. The end optical module is configured to determine the optical transmission mode based on the instruction information. 64B / 66B is the format of the encoded information, where 66B indicates that the total length of the encoded information is 66 bits, and 64B indicates that the payload in the encoded information occupies 64 bits.

[0092] Optionally, a default field in the encoded information may be used to indicate the optical transmission mode, and the optical transmission mode may be determined based on the contents carried in the default field. See, for example, the IEEE 802.3 standard, which defines the use of several flags. For example, flag D represents a data byte, with D0-D7 representing eight data bytes; flag C represents a control byte, with C0-C7 representing eight control bytes located at different locations; flag S represents the start byte; flag T represents the end byte; and flag O represents the sequence order set. Furthermore, Table 2 provides examples of the use of several other flags defined in the standard. These flags are used to indicate the control block format. When the byte values ​​are different, the control block format has different values ​​in the block type field, and different values ​​in the block type field are used to indicate different operating states. As shown in Table 3, the defined values ​​for the block type field are 0x1E, 0x78, 0x4B, 0x87, 0x99, 0xAA, 0xB4, 0xCC, 0xD2, 0xE1, and 0xFF. These values ​​in the block type field represent the following control block formats: C0C1C2C3C4C5C6C7, S0D1D2D3D4D5D6D7, O0D1D2D3Z4Z5Z6Z7, T0C1C2C3C4C5C6C7, D0T1C2C3C4C5C6C7, D0D1T2C3C4C5C6C7, D0D1D2T3C4C5C6C7, D0D1D2D3T4C5C6C7, D0D1D2D3D4T5C6C7, D0D1D2D3D4D5T6C7, and D0D1D2D3D4D5D6T7. C0C1C2C3C4C5C6C7 indicates that an error occurred during transmission. S0D1D2D3D4D5D6D7 indicates that data packets are beginning to be transmitted. O0D1D2D3Z4Z5Z6Z7 indicates the ability to transmit control and status information (e.g., remote fault status and local fault status) over the link.T0C1C2C3C4C5C6C7, D0T1C2C3C4C5C6C7, D0D1T2C3C4C5C6C7, D0D1D2T3C4C5C6C7, D0D1D2D3T4C5C6C7, D0D1D2D3D4T5C6C7, D0D1D2D3D4D5T6C7 and D0D1D2D3D4D5D6T7 indicate that data packet transmission has ended. [Table 2]

[0093] The optical transmission mode may be represented by using an undefined value in the block type field. For example, according to the IEEE 802.3 standard, the Hamming distance between values ​​in the block type field in 64B / 66B coding must be maintained as 4. In addition to the used values ​​in the block type field, there are five unused values ​​in the block type field that maintain such a Hamming distance: 0x00, 0x2D, ​​0x33, 0x55, and 0x66. In this case, any one of the five unused values ​​in the block type field may be used to indicate the optical transmission mode. Alternatively, since 0x00 may easily conflict with the default value, any one of 0x2D, ​​0x33, 0x55, and 0x66 may be used to indicate the optical transmission mode. [Table 3]

[0094] Based on this, in order to represent the optical transmission mode, tag B may be added to the existing standard, as shown in the bolded rows of Tables 2 and 3, and tag B is used to represent the point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode. Furthermore, the format of the control block containing flag B may be B0D1D2D3D4D5D6D7, etc., and the value of the block type field in the control block format may be any one of 0x2D, ​​0x33, 0x55, and 0x66. Correspondingly, when a transmitting end module (e.g., the first PCS of the transmitting end module) obtains through analysis that the field of 64B / 66B encoded information contains a control block containing tag B, it may be determined that the optical transmission mode is the point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode. Indication information used to indicate the point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode needs to be generated, and this indication information is sent to a transmitting end optical module (e.g., the third PMA of the transmitting end optical module) so that the transmitting end optical module determines the optical transmission mode based on the indication information. The transmitting end module may determine that the optical transmission mode is point-to-point optical transmission mode when, through analysis, it obtains that the fields of the 64B / 66B encoded information do not contain a control block containing flag B. Indicator information used to indicate the point-to-point optical transmission mode needs to be generated and transmitted to the transmitting end optical module so that the transmitting end optical module can determine the optical transmission mode based on the indicator information.

[0095] Furthermore, in order to ensure the validity of the information transmitted by using flag B, the position of flag B in the control block format may be further specified. For example, flag B may be specified to be located in the first byte of the control block format. When flag B is located in the first byte of the control block format, the optical transmission mode indicated by flag B is valid, and flag B read from other bytes indicates an error. Furthermore, by placing flag B in the first byte of the control block format, the payload may be transmitted using the second and subsequent bytes of the control block format, thereby ensuring sequential payload transmission.

[0096] In the second implementation, the transmitting device determines the optical transmission mode and sends instructional information indicating the optical transmission mode to the transmitting end optical module, thereby enabling the optical transmission mode to be determined in a relatively simple manner without additional computational or memory costs. Furthermore, a default field in the encoded information encoded by the first PCS is used to indicate the optical transmission mode, and reserved bits in the encoded information are used without additional operational costs, which simplifies the method for determining the optical transmission mode.

[0097] In the third implementation, the transmitting optical module determines the optical transmission mode based on configuration operations performed on the transmitting optical module by a control device. The control device may be a device such as a host computer used by an administrator managing the transmitting optical module. For example, before the data center is built, the data center administrator may configure the transmitting optical module using a computer, and the configuration includes indicating the optical transmission mode through configuration operations.

[0098] Optionally, the transmitting optical module includes memory, and the configuration operation includes a write operation performed on an identifier in the memory that indicates the optical transmission mode. Correspondingly, the transmitting optical module may determine the optical transmission mode by reading an identifier in the memory that indicates the optical transmission mode.

[0099] In a possible implementation, as shown in Figure 9, the optical module includes a first integrated circuit (IC) module 901, a second integrated circuit module 902, a transmitter optical subassembly (TOSA) 903, a receiving optical subassembly (ROSA) 904, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) 905, and a microcontroller unit (MCU) 906. Furthermore, it includes a first electrical interface, a second electrical interface, a first optical interface, a second optical interface, and an inter-integrated circuit (I 2 C) A bus interface is located on the optical module, with a first electrical interface connected to the input terminal of the first integrated circuit module, a second electrical interface connected to the output terminal of the second integrated circuit module, a first optical interface connected to the output terminal of the transmitter optical subassembly, and a second optical interface connected to the input terminal of the receiver optical subassembly.

[0100] The microcontroller unit is configured to control each component within the optical module. The first integrated circuit module is configured to receive an electrical signal from the first electrical interface, perform processing such as encoding on the electrical signal, and transmit the processed electrical signal to the transmitter optical subassembly. The transmitter optical subassembly is configured to convert the electrical signal processed by the first integrated circuit module into an optical signal and output the converted optical signal through the first optical interface. The receiving optical assembly is configured to receive an optical signal input from the second optical interface, convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, and transmit the converted electrical signal to the second integrated circuit. The second integrated circuit is configured to perform processing such as decoding on the converted electrical signal and output the processed electrical signal through the second electrical interface. The electrically erasable programmable read-only memory is configured to store information such as the optical module's performance parameters, manufacturer information, component model, and component version number. 2 The C-bus interface is configured to connect the optical module to a control device (the host computer shown in Figure 9). Furthermore, the first integrated circuit module includes the internal code coding circuit described above, and the second integrated circuit module includes the internal code decoding circuit described above.

[0101] In this embodiment of the application, the memory in the optical module may be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, and an identifier used to indicate the optical transmission mode is set in the electrically erasable programmable read-only memory. The electrically erasable programmable read-only memory is a user-modifiable read-only memory (ROM), and data recorded in the electrically erasable programmable read-only memory may be erased and rewritten using a programmable voltage. Furthermore, data in the electrically erasable programmable read-only memory may be modified using a byte as the smallest unit of modification. Therefore, when data is written to the electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, the write can be achieved without clearing all the data in the electrically erasable programmable read-only memory.

[0102] Correspondingly, when the optical module is used as a transmitting optical module, the first integrated circuit module may read an identifier located in an electrically erasable, programmable, read-only memory that indicates the optical transmission mode, and determine the optical transmission mode according to the identifier. When the optical module is used as a receiving optical module, the second integrated circuit module may read an identifier located in an electrically erasable, programmable, read-only memory that indicates the optical transmission mode, and determine the optical transmission mode according to the identifier.

[0103] The third implementation method may be performed in the process of establishing or reconfiguring a data center, and it should be noted that the configuration operation does not need to be performed in the process of transmitting signals using the data center. Each time data is transmitted, the optical transmission mode may be determined based on the configuration result of the configuration operation. Furthermore, since the third implementation method is implemented by performing operations on the optical module using an external control device, the implementation logic of the optical module does not need to be changed each time the optical transmission mode is changed. Therefore, the configuration operation of writing the optical transmission mode to the optical module can be implemented without interrupting data transmission by the optical module. Moreover, in the third implementation method, the optical transmission mode is configured through software configuration, requiring no additional overhead, thereby simplifying the implementation method and reducing the transmission cost of the data center network.

[0104] Step 703: Based on the optical transmission mode, the transmitting end optical module determines the internal coding scheme to be used by the transmitting end optical module to perform internal coding on the signal that has undergone external coding.

[0105] After determining the optical transmission mode, the transmitting end optical module may select an internal coding scheme from a plurality of coding schemes supported by the transmitting end optical module, according to the optical transmission mode. In possible implementations, a correspondence between the optical transmission mode and the coding scheme is established within the transmitting end optical module, and the implementation process of step 703 includes the transmitting end optical module querying the correspondence between the optical transmission mode and the coding scheme based on the optical transmission mode in order to obtain the internal coding scheme.

[0106] Optionally, the correspondence between optical transmission modes and coding schemes includes the case where point-to-point optical transmission modes correspond to spatially coupled coding schemes, and point-to-multipoint optical transmission modes correspond to block algebraic coding schemes. Spatially coupled coding schemes include coding using zipper codes, and block algebraic coding schemes include coding using Hamming codes or BCH codes.

[0107] In point-to-point optical transmission mode, a spatially coupled coding scheme (e.g., zipper coding) is selected to enable internal coding that is fast, high-performance, low-power, and satisfies the requirements of a delay indicator. In point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, a block algebra coding scheme (e.g., Hamming coding or BCH coding) is selected to enable flexible and configurable internal coding with ultra-low latency to ensure the latency requirements in point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode.

[0108] Step 704: The transmitting optical module performs internal coding on the signal that has undergone external coding using an internal coding scheme, and outputs the signal that has undergone internal coding.

[0109] After determining the internal coding scheme, the transmitting end optical module may perform internal coding on a signal that has already undergone external coding by using the internal coding scheme. The process of performing internal coding on a signal that has already undergone external coding is essentially the process of adding check bits based on the externally coded signal in order to correct the transmitted signal by using check codes. Furthermore, since a signal that has already undergone external coding is obtained by performing external coding on the signal, the entire process of performing external coding and internal coding on a signal after internal coding has been performed on a signal that has already undergone external coding may be considered concatenated coding on the signal, and the signal obtained by performing internal coding on a signal that has already undergone external coding may also be called a concatenated code.

[0110] In this embodiment of the application, for different coding schemes corresponding to point-to-point optical transmission mode and point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, coding in different coding schemes may be implemented via the same optical module. In a possible implementation, as shown in Figures 10 and 11, the optical module includes a selection subassembly 1 and a component code encoder 2, and the implementation process of step 704 includes the selection subassembly 1 selecting a target candidate signal from a plurality of candidate signals according to an internal code coding scheme and providing the target candidate signal to the component code encoder 2, and the component code encoder 2 performing internal code coding on the signal that has been externally coded based on the target candidate signal.

[0111] In the optical module provided in this embodiment of this application, the effect of different coding schemes on the coding process is expressed as an effect on the target candidate signal used by the component code encoder 2 to perform internal code coding. Furthermore, a selection subassembly 1 is located within the optical module and can select candidate signals according to coding schemes and can switch between different coding schemes within the same optical module, thereby enabling the optical module to code signals according to different coding schemes. Compared to implementations that switch between different optical modules to use different coding schemes for coding, this effectively improves the efficiency of coding signals by using different coding schemes, improves the compatibility of optical modules, and increases the advantages of optical module area and power consumption.

[0112] The following describes the encoding process using an encoding scheme that corresponds to the 800Gbps point-to-point optical transmission mode, and the encoding process using an encoding scheme that corresponds to the 800Gbps (4*200Gbps) point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, using the optical modules shown in Figures 10 and 11 as examples.

[0113] The optical module shown in Figure 10 is configured to perform encoding by using an encoding scheme that corresponds to an 800Gbps point-to-point optical transmission mode. As shown in Figure 10, a switch is used as the transmitting device, and the switch (e.g., the PCS of the switch) sequentially distributes the received 800Gbps data stream to x (e.g., multiples of 2 such as 2, 4, 6, or 8) RS encoders with a granularity of y1 bits (e.g., 10 bits) using a polling method, and performs external code encoding (i.e., performs RS encoding) on ​​the signal using x RS codewords. The RS codewords obtained after external code encoding are sequentially distributed through multiplexing to multiple (assuming 32 in Figure 10) component code encoders 2 (belonging to the PMA layer of the optical module) with a granularity of y2 bits (e.g., 10 bits) using a polling method. Furthermore, according to the point-to-point optical transmission mode, the selection subassembly 1 selects the signal output by the convolutional interleaver 3 as the target candidate signal from the zero-padding signal and the signal output by the convolutional interleaver 3, and provides the target candidate signal to the multiple component code encoders 2. The component code encoders 2 use the target candidate signal as a mirror bit to perform internal code coding of the RS codeword that has undergone external code coding, and integrate the information bits and mirror bits obtained through distribution in a spatially coupled coding scheme (e.g., zipper code) to obtain the check bit of the RS codeword that has undergone external code coding. In this case, the signal obtained after internal code coding has been performed on the RS codeword that has undergone external code coding is called a concatenated code (RS + zipper concatenated code). After the concatenated code is obtained through coding, the signals that have undergone internal code coding by the multiple component code encoders 2 are output sequentially in a polling manner at a granularity of y3 bits (e.g., 1 bit), and are output, for example, to the next PMA layer of the optical module (not shown in Figure 10). After performing digital signal processing on the signal acquired following internal code coding, the next PMA layer transmits the processed signal to the PMD layer of the optical module (not shown in Figure 10).After modulating the signal and performing photoelectric conversion, the PMD transmits the optical signal acquired after the photoelectric conversion to a receiving device through a channel transmission medium such as optical fiber.

[0114] The optical module shown in Figure 11 is configured to perform encoding by using an encoding scheme that corresponds to a 4*200Gbps point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode. In point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, signals need to be transmitted through four channels, so four groups of encoding units are required to realize the encoding process for point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode. Each of the four groups of encoding units corresponds to four PCSs. The four groups of encoding units share one convolutional interleaver 3 and correspond to the optical module shown in Figure 10. Each group of encoding units includes eight component code encoders 2 and eight selection subassemblies 1. Below, as an example for explanation, we will use the encoding process of one group of encoding units.

[0115] As shown in Figure 11, a switch is used as the transmitting device, and the switch (e.g., the PCS of the switch) sequentially distributes the received 200Gbps data stream into x RS codewords (e.g., multiples of 2 such as 2, 4, 6, or 8) with a granularity of y1 bits (e.g., 10 bits) using a polling method, and performs external code coding on the signal using the x RS codewords. The RS codewords obtained after external code coding are sequentially distributed through multiplexing to multiple (e.g., 8 in Figure 11) component code encoders 2 (belonging to the PMA layer of the optical module) with a granularity of y2 bits (e.g., 10 bits) using a polling method. Furthermore, according to the point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, the selection subassembly 1 selects the zero-padded signal as the target candidate signal from the zero-padded signal and the signal output by the convolutional interleaver 3, and provides the target candidate signal to the multiple component code encoders 2. Component code encoder 2 uses a target candidate signal as a mirror bit to perform internal code coding on an RS codeword that has undergone external code coding. It integrates the information bits and mirror bit obtained through distribution in a spatially coupled coding scheme (e.g., BCH coding) to obtain the check bit of the RS codeword that has undergone external code coding. In this case, the signal obtained after internal code coding has been performed on the RS codeword that has undergone external code coding is called a concatenated code (RS + BCH concatenated code). After the concatenated code is obtained through coding, the signals that have undergone internal code coding by multiple component code encoders 2 are output sequentially in a polling manner at a granularity of y3 bits (e.g., 2 bits), and are output to, for example, the next PMA layer of the optical module (not shown in Figure 11). After performing digital signal processing on the signal obtained after internal code coding, the next PMA layer transmits the processed signal to the PMD layer of the optical module (not shown in Figure 11). After modulating the signal and performing photoelectric conversion, the PMD transmits the optical signal obtained after photoelectric conversion to a receiving device through a channel transmission medium such as optical fiber.

[0116] The RS codeword may be obtained by KP4 FEC coding in CL119, i.e., RS(544,514,10), or other RS ​​codewords such as RS(560,514,10) or RS(576,514,10). In RS(a1,a2,a3), a1 represents the symbol length of the RS codeword, a2 represents the symbol length of the payload within the RS codeword, a3 represents the number of bits occupied by each symbol, and the difference between a1 and a2 represents the symbol length of the check code within the RS codeword. The granularity of the distribution to the RS codeword and the granularity of the distribution to the component code encoder 2 may be the same or different. When the two granularities are the same, the probability of decoding errors occurring in the receiving device is low. Furthermore, in point-to-point optical transmission mode and point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, the signal obtained after internal code coding may be output at the same or different granularities. The signal output by the convolutional interleaver 3 is data acquired after the convolutional interleaver 3 has processed the data of previous HS frames output by the multiple component code encoders 2. The zero-padding signal may be generated by an integrated circuit module within the optical module. HS is also called the degree of coupling and indicates the degree of correlation between the current frame and previous frames.

[0117] It should be noted that the arrows in Figures 10 and 11 are used to indicate the signal stream direction in the encoding process and are not intended to limit any particular implementation of signal transmission. For example, in Figures 10 and 11, the arrow pointing from the switch to the optical module indicates that the signal is transmitted from the switch to the optical module and is not used to limit any particular transmission method in which the signal output by the switch is transmitted to the optical module. In one example of a transmission method, an attachment unit interface (AUI) may be located at the output terminal of the switch, and the switch may transmit the signal to the optical module through the attachment unit interface AUI. The AUI contains multiple pins. Different models of AUI contain different numbers of pins, and when the number of pins in the AUI differs, the transmission rate of the AUI pins differs. For example, when the AUI contains 16 pins, the transmission rate of each pin is 50 Gbps. When the AUI contains 8 pins, the transmission rate of each pin is 100 Gbps. When the AUI contains 4 pins, the transmission rate of each pin is 200 Gbps. An example in which the AUI includes eight pins is used here to illustrate the implementation process shown in Figures 10 and 11, in which the switch transmits a signal to the optical module through the AUI. Corresponding to the optical module containing four coding units in Figure 11, the 32 component code encoders in both Figures 10 and 11 may be divided into four groups. The first group includes the first to eighth component code encoders, the second group includes the ninth to sixteenth component code encoders, the third group includes the seventeenth to twenty-fourth component code encoders, and the fourth group includes the twenty-fifth to thirty-two component code encoders. Similarly, the eight pins of the AUI may be divided into four groups. The first group includes the first and second pins, the second group includes the third and fourth pins, the third group includes the fifth and sixth pins, and the fourth group includes the seventh and eighth pins.The pins of the i-th group are configured to transmit signals to the i-th group component code encoders. After receiving the signals transmitted by the i-th group pins, the optical module first aggregates the received signals and then distributes them to the component code encoders within the i-th group component code encoders at a certain granularity using a polling method.

[0118] Furthermore, although Figures 10 and 11 above are illustrated using an 800 Gbps transmission scenario as an example, this does not limit the applicability of the inventive concept of this application to this transmission scenario only. For example, the encoding method may also be applicable to higher-speed transmission scenarios such as 1.6 terabits per second (Tbps). Moreover, the inventive concept of this application may also be used in other technical fields, for example, in transmission scenarios such as fronthaul, midhaul, and backhaul of a base station.

[0119] From the above, it can be seen that in the coding method provided in this embodiment of the application, the optical module determines an internal coding scheme to be used by the optical module to perform internal coding on a signal that has been externally coded, according to the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission, and then performs internal coding on a signal that has been externally coded by using the internal coding scheme. In this implementation, the internal coding scheme can be determined based on the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission, thereby allowing an appropriate coding scheme to be selected based on different transmission scenarios, ensuring signal transmission performance in different transmission scenarios, and satisfying transmission performance requirements such as error correction performance, delay requirements, and energy consumption requirements in the transmission process.

[0120] The implementation process of the decryption method according to the embodiment of this application is described below. As shown in Figure 12, the implementation process of the decryption method includes the following steps.

[0121] Step 1201: The receiving end optical module acquires the optical transmission mode to be used by the receiving end optical module for signal transmission.

[0122] There are several implementations in which a receiving end optical module acquires the optical transmission mode used by the receiving end optical module for signal transmission. In this embodiment of this application, the following three implementations are used as illustrative examples.

[0123] In the first implementation, the receiving optical module receives instruction information from the receiving device and determines the optical transmission mode based on the instruction information. The instruction information from the receiving device is obtained through Ethernet auto-negotiation between the receiving device and the transmitting device, or it is obtained from a network controller. Optionally, the receiving optical module determining the optical transmission mode based on the instruction information includes the receiving optical module extracting parameters used to indicate the optical transmission mode from the instruction information and determining the optical transmission mode based on the parameters used to indicate the optical transmission mode, wherein the instruction information carries one or more parameters. For the implementation process of the first implementation in step 1201, refer to the implementation processes of the first and second implementations in step 702. Further details are not described here.

[0124] In the second implementation, the receiving optical module determines the optical transmission mode based on configuration operations performed on the receiving optical module by a control device. Optionally, the receiving optical module includes memory, and the configuration operation includes a write operation performed on an identifier in memory that indicates the optical transmission mode. Correspondingly, the receiving optical module may determine the optical transmission mode by reading an identifier in memory that indicates the optical transmission mode. For the implementation process of the second implementation in step 1201, refer to the implementation process of the third implementation in step 702. Details will not be described again here.

[0125] Step 1202: The receiving end optical module determines, based on the optical transmission mode, the internal code decoding scheme to be used by the receiving end optical module to perform internal code decoding on the signal.

[0126] After determining the optical transmission mode, the receiving end optical module may select an internal code decoding scheme from a plurality of decoding schemes supported by the receiving end optical module, based on the optical transmission mode. In possible implementations, a correspondence between the optical transmission mode and the decoding scheme is established within the receiving end optical module, and the implementation process of step 1202 includes the receiving end optical module querying the correspondence between the optical transmission mode and the decoding scheme based on the optical transmission mode in order to obtain the internal code decoding scheme.

[0127] Optionally, the correspondence between optical transmission modes and decoding methods includes the following: point-to-point optical transmission modes correspond to spatially coupled decoding methods, and point-to-multipoint optical transmission modes correspond to block algebra decoding methods. Spatially coupled decoding methods include decoding using zipper codes, and block algebra decoding methods include decoding using Hamming codes or BCH codes.

[0128] In point-to-point optical transmission mode, a spatially coupled decoding scheme (e.g., zipper coding) is selected to enable internal code decoding that is fast, high-performance, low-power, and satisfies the requirements of a delay indicator. In point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, a block algebra decoding scheme (e.g., Hamming coding or BCH coding) is selected to enable flexible and configurable internal code decoding with ultra-low latency to ensure the delay requirements in point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode.

[0129] Step 1203: The receiving end optical module receives the signal on which internal code decoding is to be performed and performs internal code decoding on the signal using an internal code decoding scheme. The process by which the receiving end optical module receives the signal on which internal code decoding is to be performed is not limited to the sequence in Step 1201. Alternatively, the receiving end optical module may first receive the signal on which internal code decoding is to be performed and then acquire the optical transmission mode.

[0130] After determining the internal code decoding scheme, the receiving end optical module may perform internal code decoding on the signal received from the channel transmission medium by using the internal code decoding scheme. The process of performing internal code decoding on the signal received by the channel transmission medium is essentially the process of removing the check bit from the signal received by the channel transmission medium.

[0131] In this embodiment of the application, for different decoding schemes corresponding to point-to-point optical transmission mode and point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, decoding in the different decoding schemes may be implemented via the same optical module. In a possible implementation, as shown in Figures 10 and 11, the optical module includes a selection subassembly 1 and a component code decoder 2. The implementation process in step 1203 includes the selection subassembly 1 selecting a target candidate signal from a plurality of candidate signals according to an internal code decoding scheme and providing the target candidate signal to the component code decoder 2, and the component code decoder 2 performing internal code decoding on the signal based on the target candidate signal. For an implementation process that implements decoding in different decoding schemes via the same optical module, refer to the implementation process that implements encoding in different encoding schemes via the same optical module in step 704. Details are not described again here.

[0132] In the optical module provided in this embodiment of this application, the effect of different decoding schemes on the decoding process is expressed as an effect on the target candidate signal used by the component code decoder to perform internal code decoding. Furthermore, a selection subassembly is located within the optical module and can select candidate signals according to the decoding scheme and can switch between different decoding schemes within the same optical module, thereby enabling the optical module to decode signals according to different decoding schemes. Compared to implementations that switch between different optical modules to use different decoding schemes for decoding, this effectively improves the efficiency of decoding signals by using different decoding schemes, improves the compatibility of optical modules, and increases the advantages of optical module area and power consumption.

[0133] Step 1204: The receiving end optical module outputs the internally coded decoded signal in order to perform external coding on the signal that has undergone internal coding.

[0134] After performing internal code decoding on the signal, the receiving end optical module must output the internally coded decoded signal to the receiving device, thereby allowing the receiving device to perform external code decoding on the internally coded decoded signal and complete the process of transmitting data from the transmitting device to the receiving device. After performing internal code decoding on the signal, the receiving end optical module may also output the internally coded decoded signal to the PCS of a switch in the reverse operation of the above, for example, by distributing the externally coded encoded signal at a granularity of y2 bits (e.g., 10 bits) using a polling method, thereby allowing the PCS of the switch to perform external code decoding on x RS codewords. The RS codewords used in the decoding process are the same as those used in the coding process.

[0135] From the above, it can be seen that in the decoding method provided in this embodiment of the application, the optical module determines an internal code decoding scheme to be used by the optical module to perform internal code decoding on a signal based on the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission, and then performs internal code decoding on the signal by using the internal code decoding scheme. In this implementation, the internal code decoding scheme can be determined based on the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission, thereby allowing an appropriate decoding scheme to be selected based on different transmission scenarios, ensuring signal transmission performance in different transmission scenarios, and satisfying transmission performance requirements such as error correction performance, delay requirements, and energy consumption requirements in the transmission process.

[0136] It should be noted that the order of steps in the encoding and decoding methods provided in embodiments of this application may be appropriately adjusted, or steps may be added or deleted as appropriate depending on the circumstances. Any modification of the method that is readily conceivable to a person skilled in the art within the scope of the art disclosed in this application shall fall within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, further details will not be described here.

[0137] Embodiments of this application provide an optical module. The optical module is configured to implement an encoding method provided in embodiments of this application. As shown in Figure 13, the optical module 130 is An input unit 1301 configured to receive a signal on which external code coding has been performed, An encoding unit 1302 is configured to acquire the optical transmission mode used by an optical module for signal transmission, and to determine an internal coding scheme for performing internal coding on a signal that has undergone external coding based on the optical transmission mode, and further configured to perform internal coding on a signal that has undergone external coding using the internal coding scheme, Output unit 1303 configured to output a signal on which internal code coding has been performed, Includes.

[0138] Optionally, the coding unit 1302 is specifically configured to receive instruction information from the transmitting device and determine the optical transmission mode based on the instruction information.

[0139] Optionally, the instruction information for the transmitting device is obtained through Ethernet auto-negotiation between the transmitting and receiving devices, or the instruction information for the transmitting device is obtained from the network controller.

[0140] Optionally, the coding unit 1302 determining the optical transmission mode based on the instruction information includes extracting parameters used to indicate the optical transmission mode from the instruction information and determining the optical transmission mode based on the parameters used to indicate the optical transmission mode, wherein the instruction information carries one or more parameters.

[0141] Optionally, the optical module includes memory, and the encoding unit 1302 is specifically configured to determine the optical transmission mode based on a write operation performed by a control device on an identifier located in the memory that indicates the optical transmission mode.

[0142] Optionally, the coding unit 1302 includes a selection subassembly and a component code encoder, wherein the selection subassembly is configured to select a target candidate signal from a plurality of candidate signals according to an internal code coding scheme and provide the target candidate signal to the component code encoder. The component code encoder is configured to perform internal code coding on a signal that has been externally coded based on the target candidate signal.

[0143] Optionally, the optical transmission mode includes point-to-point optical transmission mode or point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode. In point-to-point optical transmission mode, the signal is transmitted from the transmitting device to the receiving device using a single channel, while in point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, the signal is transmitted from the transmitting device to the receiving device using a single-channel to multi-channel scheme.

[0144] Optionally, the coding unit 1302 is specifically configured to query the correspondence between the optical transmission mode and the coding scheme based on the optical transmission mode in order to obtain the internal coding scheme. The correspondence between the optical transmission mode and the coding scheme includes the fact that a point-to-point optical transmission mode corresponds to a spatially coupled coding scheme and a point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode corresponds to a block algebra coding scheme.

[0145] Optionally, spatially coupled coding schemes include coding using zipper codes, and block algebraic coding schemes include coding using Hamming codes or BCH codes.

[0146] From the above, it can be seen that in the optical module provided in this embodiment of the application, the optical module determines an internal coding scheme to be used by the optical module to perform internal coding on a signal that has been externally coded, according to the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission, and then performs internal coding on a signal that has been externally coded by using the internal coding scheme. In this implementation, the internal coding scheme can be determined based on the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission, thereby allowing an appropriate coding scheme to be selected based on different transmission scenarios, ensuring signal transmission performance in different transmission scenarios, and satisfying transmission performance requirements such as error correction performance, delay requirements, and energy consumption requirements in the transmission process.

[0147] For the sake of convenience and concise explanation, the detailed operating processes of the above-described optical modules and units may be referenced to the corresponding contents in the embodiments of the above-described method, and it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that the details will not be described again here.

[0148] This application provides an optical module. The optical module is configured to implement a decoding method provided in embodiments of this application. As shown in Figure 14, the optical module 140 is An input unit 1401 configured to receive a signal on which internal code decoding is to be performed, A decoding unit 1402 is configured to acquire the optical transmission mode used by an optical module for signal transmission and to determine an internal code decoding scheme for performing internal code decoding on a signal based on the optical transmission mode, and further a decoding unit 1402 is configured to perform internal code decoding on a signal by using the internal code decoding scheme, To perform external code decoding on a signal that has undergone internal code decoding, an output unit configured to output the internally coded decoded signal is used. Includes.

[0149] Optionally, the decoding unit 1402 is specifically configured to receive instruction information from a receiving device and determine the optical transmission mode based on the instruction information.

[0150] Optionally, the instruction information for the receiving device is obtained through Ethernet auto-negotiation between the receiving and transmitting devices, or the instruction information for the receiving device is obtained from the network controller.

[0151] Optionally, the decoding unit 1402 is specifically configured to extract parameters used to indicate the optical transmission mode from the instruction information and to determine the optical transmission mode based on the parameters used to indicate the optical transmission mode, wherein the instruction information carries one or more parameters.

[0152] Optionally, the optical module includes memory, and the decoding unit 1402 is specifically configured to determine the optical transmission mode based on a write operation performed by a control device on an identifier in the memory that indicates the optical transmission mode.

[0153] Optionally, the decoding unit 1402 includes a selection subassembly and a component code decoder, wherein the selection subassembly is configured to select a target candidate signal from a plurality of candidate signals according to an internal code decoding scheme and provide the target candidate signal to the component code decoder. The component code decoder is configured to perform internal code decoding on the signal based on the target candidate signal.

[0154] Optionally, the optical transmission mode includes point-to-point optical transmission mode or point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode. In point-to-point optical transmission mode, the signal is transmitted from the transmitting device to the receiving device using a single channel, while in point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, the signal is transmitted from the transmitting device to the receiving device using a single-channel to multi-channel scheme.

[0155] Optionally, the decoding unit 1402 is specifically configured to query the correspondence between the optical transmission mode and the decoding mode based on the optical transmission mode in order to obtain the internal code decoding mode. The correspondence between the optical transmission mode and the decoding mode includes the fact that the point-to-point optical transmission mode corresponds to the spatially coupled decoding mode and the point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode corresponds to the block algebra decoding mode.

[0156] Optionally, the spatially coupled decoding scheme includes decoding using zipper codes, and the block algebra decoding scheme includes decoding using Hamming codes or BCH codes.

[0157] In conclusion, in the optical module provided in this embodiment of the application, the optical module determines an internal code decoding scheme to be used by the optical module to perform internal code decoding on a signal based on the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission, and then performs internal code decoding on the signal by using the internal code decoding scheme. In this implementation, the internal code decoding scheme can be determined based on the optical transmission mode used by the optical module for signal transmission, thereby allowing an appropriate decoding scheme to be selected based on different transmission scenarios, ensuring signal transmission performance in different transmission scenarios, and satisfying transmission performance requirements such as error correction performance, delay requirements, and energy consumption requirements in the transmission process.

[0158] For the sake of convenience and concise explanation, the detailed operating processes of the above-described optical modules and units may be referenced to the corresponding contents in the embodiments of the above-described method, and it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that the details will not be described again here.

[0159] Embodiments of this application further provide a computer device. Figure 15 is a diagram of an example of a possible architecture of the computer device. As shown in Figure 15, the computer device 150 may include a processor 1501, memory 1502, a communication interface 1503, and a bus 1504. The computer device may include one or more processors 1501. Figure 15 shows only one of the processors 1501. Optionally, the processor 1501 may be a central processing unit (CPU). If the computer device includes multiple processors 1501, the multiple processors 1501 may be of different types or of the same type. Optionally, the multiple processors in the computer device may be further integrated into a multicore processor.

[0160] Memory 1502 stores computer instructions and data, and may store computer instructions and data required to implement the method provided in this application. Memory 1502 may be any one or a combination of the following storage media: non-volatile memory (e.g., read-only memory, ROM, solid-state disk, SSD, hard disk drive, HDD, optical disk, or volatile memory).

[0161] The communication interface 1503 may be any one or a combination of the following components having network access functionality: a network interface (such as an Ethernet interface) and a wireless network interface card.

[0162] The communication interface 1503 is configured to perform data communication between the computer device and other nodes or other computer devices.

[0163] Figure 15 also shows a bus 1504 as an example. The bus 1504 may connect the processor 1501 to the memory 1502 and the communication interface 1503. Thus, the processor 1501 may access the memory 1502 through the bus 1504 and further exchange data with other nodes or other computer devices through the communication interface 1503.

[0164] In this application, the computer device executes computer instructions in memory 1502 to implement the method provided in this application. For example, an optical transmission mode used for signal transmission is acquired, an externally coded signal is received, an internal coding scheme for performing internal coding on the externally coded signal is determined based on the optical transmission mode, and by using the internal coding scheme, internal coding is performed on the externally coded signal, and an internally coded signal is output. Furthermore, for the implementation process by which the computer device performs steps of the method provided in this application by executing computer instructions in memory 1502, refer to the corresponding description in the embodiments of the method described above.

[0165] Embodiments of this application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, which is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium contains program instructions. When the program instructions are executed on a computer device, the computer device becomes capable of performing the method provided in embodiments of this application.

[0166] Embodiments of this application further provide a computer program product including instructions. When the computer program product is executed on a computer, the computer becomes capable of performing the methods provided in embodiments of this application.

[0167] In the embodiments of this application, the terms “first,” “second,” and “third” are used merely for descriptive purposes and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Unless otherwise specified, the term “at least one” means one or more, and the term “multiple” means two or more.

[0168] In this application, the term "and / or" describes only the relationship between the relevant objects and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent three cases: that only A exists, that both A and B exist, and that only B exists. Furthermore, the letter " / " in this specification generally indicates an "or" relationship between the relevant objects.

[0169] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the concepts and principles of this application shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An encoding method, The optical module acquires the optical transmission mode used for signal transmission, The optical module receives a signal on which external code encoding has been performed, The optical module determines, based on the optical transmission mode, an internal coding scheme to be used by the optical module to perform internal coding on the signal that has undergone external coding. The optical module performs internal coding on the signal that has undergone external coding using the internal coding scheme, and outputs the signal that has undergone internal coding. Includes, The optical module includes a selection subassembly and a component code encoder, and the optical module performs internal code coding on the signal that has been externally coded by using the internal code coding scheme. The selection subassembly selects a target candidate signal from a plurality of candidate signals according to the internal code coding scheme and provides the target candidate signal to the component code encoder. The component code encoder performs internal code coding on the signal that has undergone external code coding based on the target candidate signal. Methods that include...

2. By using an optical module, it is possible to obtain the optical transmission mode used for signal transmission. The method according to claim 1, comprising receiving instruction information from a transmitting device and determining the optical transmission mode based on the instruction information using the optical module.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the instruction information of the transmitting device is obtained through Ethernet auto-negotiation between the transmitting device and the receiving device, or the instruction information of the transmitting device is obtained from a network controller.

4. The optical module includes memory, and the optical module can acquire the optical transmission mode used for signal transmission. The method according to claim 1, wherein the optical module determines the optical transmission mode based on a write operation performed by a control device on an identifier located in the memory and indicating the optical transmission mode.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the optical transmission mode includes a point-to-point optical transmission mode or a point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, in which the signal is transmitted from the transmitting device to the receiving device using a single channel, and in which the signal is transmitted from the transmitting device to the receiving device using a single-channel to multi-channel method.

6. The optical module determines, based on the optical transmission mode, the internal coding scheme to be used by the optical module to perform internal coding on the signal that has undergone external coding. The optical module includes querying the correspondence between the optical transmission mode and the coding scheme based on the optical transmission mode in order to obtain the internal code coding scheme. The method according to claim 1, wherein the correspondence is such that the point-to-point optical transmission mode corresponds to a spatially coupled coding scheme and the point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode corresponds to a block algebra coding scheme.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the spatially coupled coding scheme includes coding by using zipper codes, and the block algebraic coding scheme includes coding by using Hamming codes or BCH codes.

8. Internal code decoding method, The optical module acquires the optical transmission mode used for signal transmission, The optical module receives a signal on which internal code decoding should be performed, The optical module determines, based on the optical transmission mode, an internal code decoding scheme to be used by the optical module to perform internal code decoding on the signal; The optical module performs internal code decoding on the signal using the internal code decoding method, and outputs the internally coded decoded signal in order to perform external code decoding on the internally coded decoded signal. Includes, The optical module includes a selection subassembly and a component code decoder, and the optical module performs internal code decoding on the signal by using the internal code decoding scheme, The selection subassembly selects a target candidate signal from a plurality of candidate signals according to the internal code decoding scheme and provides the target candidate signal to the component code decoder. The component code decoder performs internal code decoding on the signal based on the target candidate signal. Methods that include...

9. By using an optical module, it is possible to obtain the optical transmission mode used for signal transmission. The method according to claim 8, comprising receiving instruction information from a receiving device using the optical module and determining the optical transmission mode based on the instruction information.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the instruction information of the receiving device is obtained through Ethernet auto-negotiation between the receiving device and the transmitting device, or the instruction information of the receiving device is obtained from a network controller.

11. The optical module includes memory, and the optical module can acquire the optical transmission mode used for signal transmission. The method according to claim 8, wherein the optical module determines the optical transmission mode based on a write operation performed by a control device on an identifier located in the memory and indicating the optical transmission mode.

12. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the optical transmission mode includes a point-to-point optical transmission mode or a point-to-multipoint optical transmission mode, in which the signal is transmitted from a transmitting device to a receiving device using a single channel, and in which the signal is transmitted from the transmitting device to the receiving device using a single-channel to multi-channel method.

13. It is an optical module, The optical module includes an input unit, an encoding unit, and an output unit. The input unit is configured to receive a signal on which external code coding has been performed. The encoding unit is configured to acquire the optical transmission mode used for signal transmission, determine an internal encoding scheme for performing internal encoding on the signal that has undergone external encoding based on the optical transmission mode, and perform internal encoding on the signal that has undergone external encoding by using the internal encoding scheme. The output unit is configured to output a signal on which internal code coding has been performed. The encoding unit includes a selection subassembly and a component code encoder, The selection subassembly is configured to select a target candidate signal from a plurality of candidate signals according to the internal code coding scheme and to provide the target candidate signal to the component code encoder. The component code encoder is configured to perform internal code coding on the signal that has undergone external code coding based on the target candidate signal, as an optical module.

14. The optical module according to claim 13, wherein the encoding unit is specifically configured to receive instruction information from a transmitting device and determine the optical transmission mode based on the instruction information.

15. The optical module according to claim 14, wherein the instruction information of the transmitting device is obtained through Ethernet auto-negotiation between the transmitting device and the receiving device, or the instruction information of the transmitting device is obtained from a network controller.

16. It is an optical module, The optical module includes an input unit, a decoding unit, and an output unit. The input unit is configured to receive a signal on which internal code decoding is to be performed. The decoding unit is configured to acquire the optical transmission mode used for signal transmission, determine an internal code decoding scheme for performing internal code decoding on the signal based on the optical transmission mode, perform internal code decoding on the signal using the internal code decoding scheme, and output the internally coded decoded signal in order to perform external code decoding on the internally coded decoded signal. The decoding unit includes a selection subassembly and a component code decoder. The selection subassembly is configured to select a target candidate signal from a plurality of candidate signals according to the internal code decoding scheme and to provide the target candidate signal to the component code decoder. The component code decoder is an optical module configured to perform internal code decoding on a signal based on the target candidate signal.

17. The optical module according to claim 16, wherein the decoding unit is specifically configured to receive instruction information from a receiving device and determine the optical transmission mode based on the instruction information.

18. The optical module according to claim 17, wherein the instruction information of the receiving device is obtained through Ethernet auto-negotiation between the receiving device and the transmitting device, or the instruction information of the receiving device is obtained from a network controller.

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