Pneumatic caisson outfitting system

Abstract

This new outfitting system utilizes existing outfitting equipment while ensuring safety and work efficiency in a space-saving manner. [Solution] A fitting system S comprising a material shaft 31 erected on a workroom slab 12, a manlock 22 positioned near the workroom slab 12, a landing 41 attached to the outer perimeter of the material shaft 31, and stairs 42 as a means of ascending and descending from the landing 41 to the manlock 22 allows for the safe and efficient consolidation of fitting equipment within a limited space while separating the ascending and descending routes of workers from the transport routes of materials and equipment. As a result, worker safety is improved, and evacuation routes for inspections and emergencies can be secured. Furthermore, this new fitting system S utilizes the conventional fitting equipment of a landing 41 and stairs 42 as a means of ascending and descending, while ensuring safety and workability in a space-saving manner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to fitting equipment in the pneumatic caisson method, and particularly to a structure for efficiently and safely arranging fitting equipment within a limited space in a small cross-section caisson.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, the pneumatic caisson method is a method widely used for foundation construction in water or deep underground, and it performs excavation work by pressurizing the inside of the caisson. In this method, lifting equipment for workers and material and equipment transportation equipment for communicating between the ground and the workroom are indispensable. Generally, the former is called a "man shaft" and the latter is called a "material shaft".

[0003] In a large caisson, a man shaft and a material shaft can be installed independently, but in a small cross-section caisson, the workroom and the upper space are extremely limited. Therefore, conventionally, fitting equipment having an integrated structure, so-called "integrated fitting equipment", has been adopted. For example, in the integrated fitting equipment disclosed in Patent Document 1, a double-cylindrical structure forming a manhole on the outer periphery of the material shaft is used to reduce the occupied cross-section.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] However, such a special structure requires dedicated design and dedicated production, and existing standard fitting equipment cannot be diverted. Therefore, not only does the equipment cost increase, but due to the integrated structure, it was necessary to store it in a dedicated storage space.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a new outfitting system that utilizes conventional outfitting equipment while ensuring safety and workability in a space-saving manner. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] To achieve the above objective, the pneumatic caisson outfitting system of the present invention comprises a material shaft erected on the working chamber slab of the pneumatic caisson, a manlock positioned near the working chamber slab, a platform attached to the outside of the material shaft, and a lifting means for reaching from the platform to the manlock. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] Thus, the pneumatic caisson outfitting system of the present invention comprises a material shaft, a manlock, a platform attached to the outside of the material shaft, and a lifting mechanism that reaches from the platform to the manlock. This configuration makes it a new outfitting system that utilizes the platform and lifting mechanism, which are conventional outfitting equipment, while ensuring safety and workability in a space-saving manner. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0009] [Figure 1] This is a side view illustrating the configuration of the outfitting system for the pneumatic caisson in the embodiment, with a transparent view of the side wall. [Figure 2] This is an enlarged side view illustrating the configuration of the outfitting system in the embodiment. [Figure 3] This is a plan view illustrating the configuration of the outfitting system in the embodiment. (a) is a plan view taken along arrow AA in Figure 1, and (b) is a plan view taken along arrow BB in Figure 1. [Figure 4] This is a side view illustrating the configuration of the outfitting system for the pneumatic caisson in Modification 1 (with Manshaft), showing the side wall through the glass. [Figure 5]This is a side view illustrating the configuration of the outfitting system for the pneumatic caisson in Modification 2 (using both manshaft and lock), with a transparent view of the side wall. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0010] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the components described in the following embodiments are illustrative and are not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention to them alone. [Examples]

[0011] (Overall structure of the pneumatic caisson) First, the overall configuration of the pneumatic caisson 1 equipped with the pneumatic caisson outfitting system S of the present invention will be explained using Figure 1. As shown in Figure 1, the pneumatic caisson 1 is composed of a side wall 10 erected upwards with a cutting edge 11 at the lower end, and an internal space 20 formed by being surrounded by the cutting edge 11 and the side wall 10. The internal space 20 is divided into a lower working chamber 21, an intermediate double slab block 22 (manlock), and a ground connection section 23 above that is open to the outside air, as will be described later. The pneumatic caisson 1 of this embodiment is a small-section caisson with a narrow cross-sectional area, such as a bridge pier foundation, and is generally often circular in cross-section (see Figure 3), but it can also be applied to caissons with other cross-sectional shapes such as elliptical (small-section) caissons.

[0012] Furthermore, an external scaffolding 14 is provided on the ground around the outer perimeter of the caisson to support formwork work and concrete pouring during construction. Although not shown in the diagram, air supply equipment, exhaust equipment, safety monitoring devices, etc. are installed on the ground to provide integrated pressure control for the work chamber 21 and double slab blocks 22, as well as safety management for workers.

[0013] The work chamber 21 is a space partitioned by the cutting edge 11, the work chamber slab 12, and the surrounding ground. The work chamber 21 is a pressurized chamber (high-pressure chamber) for performing ground excavation work during caisson installation, and its upper part is closed off by the work chamber slab 12, which forms the ceiling. An excavator (not shown) and soil removal equipment (not shown) are located inside the work chamber 21, and the excavated soil is transported to the surface via the material shaft 31.

[0014] (Configuration of the outfitting system in the example) Next, the configuration of the outfitting system S for the pneumatic caisson of this embodiment will be explained using Figure 2 (enlarged side view) and Figure 3 (plan view). As shown in Figure 2, above the workroom slab 12 of this embodiment, an upper slab 13 is arranged parallel to it at a predetermined distance, and the space formed between them becomes a double slab block 22 that has a manlock function. In other words, the double slab block 22 is an airtight space partitioned by the workroom slab 12, the side wall 10, and the upper slab 13, and functions as a manlock.

[0015] This double slab block 22 is used as a manlock (i.e., an air lock chamber for worker entry and exit) to allow workers to safely enter and exit the work chamber 21 under high-pressure air from the outside (atmospheric pressure). Inside the double slab block 22, as will be described later, there are cup-shaped hatches 12a and 13a for worker entry and exit, as well as auxiliary ventilation pipes and lighting equipment. For example, the lower cup-shaped hatch 12a can be manually operated (see Figure 3(b)), and the upper cup-shaped hatch 13a can be hydraulically driven. Furthermore, a ladder (not shown) for descending into the double slab block 22 is installed through the cup-shaped hatch 13a.

[0016] Furthermore, a material shaft 31 is erected above the workroom slab 12, penetrating the double slab block 22. In other words, the material shaft 31 does not have an opening within the space of the double slab block 22 and is partitioned off from the interior of the double slab block 22. This separation structure makes it possible to use the double slab block 22 as a manlock even when the material shaft 31 is in use.

[0017] More specifically, directly above the upper slab 13, an anchor hatch 33 for the material shaft is connected and coupled to an anchor ring (not shown) embedded in the upper slab 13. Further, the anchor hatch 33 for the material shaft is connected to the material shaft 31 within the double slab block 22, isolating the inside of the material shaft 31 from the inside of the double slab block 22.

[0018] Then, as shown in Fig. 3(a), a plurality of levels of platforms (shaft mounting scaffolds) 41,... are attached to the outer periphery of the material shaft 31 of this embodiment at predetermined intervals. And between adjacent platforms 41, 41, a staircase 42 as lifting means is bridged. The lifting means composed of this platform 41 and staircase 42 extends from near the upper material lock 32 to the working chamber slab 12 as shown in Fig. 2.

[0019] And the material shaft 31, the platform 41, the staircase 42 as lifting means, and the double slab block 22 as a manhole together constitute the outfitting system S of the pneumatic caisson according to this embodiment.

[0020] As described above, the outfitting system S of the pneumatic caisson of the embodiment is structured to efficiently integrate lifting equipment, pressure reduction equipment, and conveying equipment within a limited cross-section, based on the facilities of a normal material shaft 31 and utilizing a double slab structure as a manhole (22).

[0021] (Configuration of the outfitting system of Modification 1) Next, the configuration of the outfitting system S1 of the pneumatic caisson 1A of Modification 1 will be described using Fig. 4. The outfitting system S1 of this modification is different from the embodiment in terms of the lifting means. Above the working chamber slab 12 of the modification, as in the embodiment, the upper slab 13 is arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, and the space formed between them becomes a double slab block 22 having a manhole function.

[0022] A material shaft 31 is erected above the workroom slab 12, penetrating the double slab block 22. That is, the material shaft 31 does not have an opening within the space of the double slab block 22 and is partitioned off from the interior of the double slab block 22. The configuration up to this point is substantially the same as in the embodiment.

[0023] Furthermore, the pneumatic caisson outfitting system S1 of this modified example 1 is further equipped with an upper landing 41 and stairs 42, and a lower manshaft 51 as lifting equipment. On the other hand, the use of a double slab block 22 as a manlock is substantially the same as in the embodiment.

[0024] In other words, as a means of ascending and descending at the top, multiple landings (shaft mounting platforms) 41, ... are attached to the outer circumference of the material shaft 31 at predetermined intervals. Stairs 42, which also serve as means of ascending and descending, are spanned between adjacent landings 41, 41. These landings 41 and stairs 42 extend from near the upper material lock 32 to the intermediate landings 41. A man shaft 51 is connected to the lowest stairs 42, and it is also possible to connect the man shaft 51 to the lowest landing 41.

[0025] In other words, in the modified example 1, a man shaft 51 is installed parallel to the material shaft 31 as a lower lifting means. That is, the man shaft 51 extends downward from the intermediate landing 41 and reaches the upper slab 13. At the lowest end of the man shaft 51, a hydraulically driven bowl-shaped hatch 13a leading to the double slab block 22 is installed.

[0026] Furthermore, the pneumatic caisson outfitting system S1 according to the present invention is comprised of at least the material shaft 31 described above, the landing 41, the stairs 42 as an upper means of lifting, the man shaft 51 as a lower means of lifting, and the double slab block 22 as a man lock.

[0027] As described above, the outfitting system S1 of the pneumatic caisson in Modification 1, like the embodiment, is based on the equipment of a normal material shaft 31, but also includes a man shaft 51, and utilizes a double slab structure as a man lock (22), resulting in a structure that efficiently integrates lifting equipment, pressure / depressurization equipment, and conveying equipment within a limited cross-section.

[0028] (Configuration of the outfitting system in modified example 2) Next, using Figure 5, the configuration of the outfitting system S2 of the pneumatic caisson 1B in Modification 2 will be described. The outfitting system S2 of this Modification is substantially the same as that of Modification 1 in terms of the lifting equipment. However, unlike the embodiment, above the workroom slab 12 of this Modification, there is no upper slab (13), but instead manlocks 52A and 52B are provided.

[0029] In other words, the pneumatic caisson outfitting system S2 of this modified example 2 includes an upper landing 41 and stairs 42, and a lower manshaft 51, and in this respect it is substantially the same as modified example 1. On the other hand, the pneumatic caisson outfitting system S2 of modified example 2 has two manlocks 52A and 52B connected in the longitudinal direction, instead of a double slab block 22.

[0030] Of these, the lower manlock 52A is used as the main chamber, and the upper manlock 52B is used as the secondary chamber, allowing workers to enter and exit efficiently. In other words, although the manlocks 52A and 52B have a narrower space than the double sluice block 22 described in the embodiment and modification 1, by connecting them vertically and installing two of them, it is possible to provide two air lock chambers, a main chamber and a secondary chamber.

[0031] As described above, the pneumatic caisson outfitting system S2 of the modified example 2, like the embodiment, is based on the equipment of a normal material shaft 31, and is equipped with a man shaft 51, as well as man locks 52A and 52B, and has a structure that efficiently integrates lifting equipment, pressure and depressurization equipment and conveying equipment within a limited cross-section.

[0032] (Construction Procedure) In the following sections 1) to 8), the construction procedures for the pneumatic caisson outfitting systems S, S1, and S2 of the examples and modified versions will be described.

[0033] 1) Install a soil centering or shoring, set up the cutting edge section 11, and erect the outer scaffolding to construct one lot. Anchors for the material shaft 31 and anchors for the bowl-shaped hatch 12a are embedded in the workroom slab 12.

[0034] 2) Install external and internal scaffolding and construct two lots.

[0035] 3) Install scaffolding to construct the upper slab (double slab) 13, then dismantle the scaffolding and install the material shaft 31 and bowl-shaped hatches 12a and 13a inside the lock. Install the material anchor hatch 33 above the upper slab (double slab) 13 on the material shaft 31, and install the material shaft 31 and material lock 32. Then, install the landing platform (scaffolding for shaft attachment) 41 on the material shaft 31. Alternatively, install man locks 52A and 52B on the workroom slab 12.

[0036] 4) Install stairs 42 from the landing 41 located on the material shaft 31 (means for lifting and lowering a person). Perform two-lot settlement excavation.

[0037] 5) Build 3 lots.

[0038] 6) Perform settlement drilling in 3 lots.

[0039] 7) Refit the structure and extend the material shaft 31. Install the platform (shaft mounting platform) 41 on the material shaft 31. If a manshaft (51) can be installed, attach the manshaft (51) to the bottom so that it can be accessed from the platform (shaft mounting platform) 41. Construct four lots.

[0040] 8) Perform settlement excavation on 4 lots. Subsequently, repeat the construction and settlement excavation process in the same manner, adding shafts 31, landings 41 and stairs 42, and completing the settlement excavation.

[0041] Note that there is an excavator (not shown) inside the work chamber 21. After the settlement is complete, the excavator and other equipment inside the work chamber 21 will be removed, the concrete backing will be poured, and the caisson equipment such as outfitting equipment will be removed to complete the work. The caisson equipment includes air supply equipment and safety equipment.

[0042] (effect) Next, we will list and explain the effects of the pneumatic caisson outfitting systems S, S1, and S2.

[0043] (1) As described above, the outfitting systems S, S1, and S2 of the pneumatic caissons in the embodiment and modified examples 1 and 2 include a material shaft 31 erected on the workroom slab 12, a manlock 22 positioned near the workroom slab 12, a landing 41 attached to the outer circumference of the material shaft 31, and a lifting means 42 that reaches from the landing 41 to the manlock 22. This allows for the safe and efficient consolidation of outfitting equipment within a limited space while separating the movement of workers from the movement of materials and equipment. As a result, worker safety is improved, and evacuation routes for inspection and emergencies can be secured. Furthermore, this is a new outfitting system S that utilizes the landing 41, which is a normal outfitting equipment, and stairs 42 as a means of lifting, while ensuring safety and workability in a space-saving manner.

[0044] (2) Furthermore, by providing multiple landings 41 on the material shaft 31 at predetermined intervals and connecting stairs 42 as means of ascending and descending between adjacent landings 41, the entire outfitting system can be made into a three-dimensional and multi-layered structure. This makes it possible to move up and down safely and quickly.

[0045] (3) Furthermore, by providing a plurality of landings 41 attached to the upper material shaft 31, and one or more staircases 42 as means of ascending and descending spanning between adjacent landings 41, 41, and further providing a man shaft 51 as means of ascending and descending reaching from the lowest (landing 41 or) staircase 42 to the man lock 22 (52A, 52B), it becomes possible to make effective use of existing equipment and to carry out construction quickly and safely.

[0046] (4) Furthermore, by providing an upper slab 13 above the workroom slab 12 at a predetermined interval, and making the space enclosed by these two slabs and the side wall 10 a double slab block 22 as a manlock, it becomes unnecessary to provide a separate dedicated air lock chamber (manlock) as in the conventional method. This makes it possible to secure the largest possible space as a manlock in a position close to the workroom slab 12. Moreover, the double slab structure makes it possible to save space in the caisson cross section while ensuring airtightness and structural stability.

[0047] (5) Furthermore, since the material shaft 31 is configured to penetrate the double slab block 22 and reach the work chamber slab 12, the inside of the material shaft 31 and the inside of the double slab block 22 are airtightly and independently partitioned. As a result, the double slab block 22 can be used safely even during material transport operations and is not affected by pressure fluctuations. Therefore, it becomes possible to perform excavation work and worker entry and exit simultaneously, thereby achieving both improved work efficiency and safety.

[0048] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and any design modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are included in the present invention.

[0049] For example, although a staircase 42 was used as the means of raising and lowering in this embodiment, the invention is not limited to this, and other means of raising and lowering such as ladders, lift mechanisms, and elevators can also be applied. [Explanation of symbols]

[0050] 1, 1A, 1B Pneumatic Caisson 10 side wall 11 Blade mouth part 12. Workshop slab 12a Lower bowl-shaped hatch (manual) 13. Upper slab (double slab) 13a Upper bowl-shaped hatch (hydraulic drive) 14. Outdoor scaffolding 20 Interior space 21. Working Room (High-Pressure Room) 22 Double Slub Block (Manlock / Air Lock Chamber) 23 Ground connection section 31 Material Shaft 32 Material Lock 33 Anchor hatch for material shaft 41. Landing (scaffolding for shaft installation) 42. Stairs (means of ascending and descending) 51 Mannschaft 52A Manlock (Main Chamber) 52B Manlock (Secondary Room) Outfitting system of embodiment S S1 Modified Example 1 Outfitting System S2 Modified Example 2 Outfitting System

Claims

1. A material shaft erected on the working chamber slab of the pneumatic caisson, A manlock positioned near the aforementioned workroom slab, A platform attached to the outside of the material shaft, A means for lifting and lowering from the aforementioned landing to the aforementioned manlock under atmospheric pressure, Equipped with, A pneumatic caisson outfitting system comprising a plurality of landings attached to the material shaft at predetermined intervals, and one or more staircases serving as means for lifting and lowering, spanning between adjacent landings.

2. It comprises a plurality of landings attached to the upper material shaft, and one or more stairs serving as a means of lifting and lowering, which are connected between adjacent landings. A pneumatic caisson outfitting system according to claim 1, further comprising a manshaft as a means of raising and lowering from the lowest landing or stairs to the manlock.

3. A pneumatic caisson outfitting system according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein an upper slab is further provided on the workroom slab at a predetermined distance from the workroom slab, and the space enclosed by the workroom slab, the upper slab, and the side wall of the pneumatic caisson is made into a double slab block as a manlock.

4. The pneumatic caisson outfitting system according to claim 3, wherein the material shaft is configured to penetrate the double slab block and reach the work chamber slab.

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