Devices, methods, and graphical user interfaces for user authentication and device management.

Abstract

The present disclosure generally relates to a user interface for an electronic device, including a user interface for user authentication and device management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] (Cross - Reference to Related Applications) This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 346,168, entitled "DEVICES, METHODS, AND GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACES FOR USER AUTHENTICATION AND DEVICE MANAGEMENT", filed on May 26, 2022, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 408,768, entitled "DEVICES, METHODS, AND GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACES FOR USER AUTHENTICATION AND DEVICE MANAGEMENT", filed on September 21, 2022. The entire content of each of these applications is hereby incorporated by reference into this specification. (Technical Field)

[0002] The present disclosure generally relates to computer systems that include, but are not limited to, display - generating components for providing virtual reality and mixed - reality experiences via a display, and optionally one or more input devices that communicate to provide a computer - generated experience.

Background Art

[0003] The development of computer systems for augmented reality has advanced significantly in recent years. Exemplary augmented reality environments include at least some virtual elements that replace or enhance the physical world. Input devices such as cameras, controllers, joysticks, touch - sensing surfaces, and touch - screen displays for computer systems and other electronic computing devices are used to interact with virtual / augmented reality environments. Exemplary virtual elements include virtual objects such as digital images, videos, text, icons, and control elements such as buttons and other graphics.

Summary of the Invention

[0004] Some methods and interfaces for user authentication and device management on devices that display and / or provide at least some virtual elements (e.g., applications, augmented reality environments, mixed reality environments, and virtual reality environments) are cumbersome, inefficient, and limited. For example, systems that provide insufficient feedback for performing actions associated with virtual objects, systems that require a series of inputs to achieve desired results in augmented reality environments, and systems where the manipulation of virtual objects is complex and error-prone impose a significant cognitive burden on the user and detract from the virtual / augmented reality experience. In addition, these methods are unnecessarily time-consuming, thereby wasting the energy of the computer system. This latter consideration is particularly important in battery-powered devices.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need for computer systems with improved methods and interfaces for providing user authentication and device management that make interaction with the computer system more efficient and intuitive for the user. Such methods and interfaces optionally complement or replace conventional methods for providing user authentication and / or device management. Such methods and interfaces reduce the number, extent, and / or types of user input by helping the user understand the connection between the inputs provided and the device responses to those inputs, thereby generating a more efficient human-machine interface.

[0006] The above-mentioned drawbacks and other problems associated with the user interface of a computer system are mitigated or eliminated by the disclosed system. In some embodiments, the computer system is a desktop computer with an associated display. In some embodiments, the computer system is a portable device (e.g., a notebook computer, tablet computer, or handheld device). In some embodiments, the computer system is a personal electronic device (e.g., a wearable electronic device such as a wristwatch or a head-mounted device). In some embodiments, the computer system has a touchpad. In some embodiments, the computer system has one or more cameras. In some embodiments, the computer system has a touch-sensitive display (also known as a “touchscreen” or “touchscreen display”). In some embodiments, the computer system has one or more eye-tracking components. In some embodiments, the computer system has one or more hand-tracking components. In some embodiments, the computer system has one or more output devices in addition to display-generating components, the output devices include one or more tactile output generators and / or one or more audio output devices. In some embodiments, the computer system has a graphical user interface (GUI), one or more processors, memory, and one or more modules, programs, or instruction sets stored in memory for performing multiple functions. In some embodiments, the user interacts with the GUI (and / or computer system) through stylus and / or finger touch and gestures on a touch-sensitive surface, the movement of the user's eyes and hands in space relative to the user's body, and / or voice input captured by one or more audio input devices.In some embodiments, the functions performed through interaction optionally include image editing, drawing, presentation, word processing, spreadsheet creation, gameplay, making phone calls, video conferencing, sending emails, instant messaging, training support, digital photography, digital videography, web browsing, digital music playback, note-taking, and / or digital video playback. The executable instructions for performing those functions optionally include primary computer-readable storage media and / or non-primary computer-readable storage media, or other computer program products configured to be executed by one or more processors.

[0007] Electronic devices have improved methods and interfaces for user authentication and device management. Such methods and interfaces can complement or replace conventional methods for user authentication and device management. Such methods and interfaces reduce the number, extent, and / or type of user input, resulting in a more efficient human-machine interface. In the case of battery-operated computing devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and extend the battery charging interval.

[0008] The method is described according to several embodiments. The method is a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, wherein the method detects a request to authenticate a user via one or more input devices, and in response to the detection of the request to authenticate a user, the method includes a first user interface object in a three-dimensional environment via one or more display generating components, wherein the first user interface object is a viewpoint lock object that remains in a separate region of the user's field of view when the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment, and the first user interface object is part of a user interface for biometric authentication. A method comprising: displaying a first authentication user interface; performing a first authentication of the user following the display of the first authentication user interface in a three-dimensional environment; and, in response to the performance of the first authentication of the user, displaying a second authentication user interface different from the first authentication user interface via one or more display generation components in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user failed to authenticate the user, wherein the second authentication user interface includes a second user interface object which is an environment lock object that moves outside of individual regions of the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment.

[0009] According to several embodiments, a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the non-temporary computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs, via one or more input devices, detect a request to authenticate a user, and in response to detecting a request to authenticate a user, via one or more display generating components, in a three-dimensional environment, a first user interface object, the first user interface object being a viewpoint lock object that remains in a separate region of the user's field of view when the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment, and the first user interface object being a user interface for biometric authentication A non-temporary computer-readable storage medium includes instructions for displaying a first authentication user interface, which includes a first user interface object that is part of a face; performing first authentication of the user following the display of the first authentication user interface in a three-dimensional environment; and, in accordance with the performance of first authentication of the user, displaying a second authentication user interface different from the first authentication user interface via one or more display generation components, wherein the second authentication user interface includes a second user interface object that is an environment lock object that moves outside of individual regions of the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment.

[0010] According to several embodiments, a temporary computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the temporary computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs, via one or more input devices, detect a request to authenticate a user, and in response to detecting a request to authenticate a user, via one or more display generating components, in a three-dimensional environment, a first user interface object, the first user interface object being a viewpoint lock object that remains in a separate region of the user's field of view when the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment, and the first user interface object being a user interface for biometric authentication A time-computer-readable storage medium includes instructions for displaying a first authentication user interface, which includes a first user interface object that is part of a face; performing first authentication of the user following the display of the first authentication user interface in a three-dimensional environment; and, in accordance with the performance of first authentication of the user, displaying a second authentication user interface different from the first authentication user interface via one or more display generation components, wherein the second authentication user interface includes a second user interface object that is an environment lock object that moves outside of individual regions of the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment.

[0011] A computer system is described according to several embodiments. In some embodiments, the computer system comprises one or more processors and a memory that stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors, which are configured to communicate with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, and which detect a request to authenticate a user via one or more input devices, and in response to detecting a request to authenticate a user, via one or more display generating components, in a three-dimensional environment, a first user interface object, the first user interface object is a viewpoint lock object that remains in a separate region of the user's field of view when the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment, and the first user interface object is for biometric authentication A computer system including instructions to display a first authentication user interface, which includes a first user interface object that is part of the user interface; to perform first authentication of the user following the display of the first authentication user interface in a three-dimensional environment; and, in accordance with the performance of first authentication of the user, to display a second authentication user interface different from the first authentication user interface via one or more display generation components, wherein the second authentication user interface includes a second user interface object that is an environment lock object that moves outside of individual regions of the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment.

[0012] A computer system is described according to several embodiments. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, and the computer system has means for detecting a request to authenticate a user via one or more input devices, and in response to detecting a request to authenticate a user, via one or more display generating components, a first user interface object in a three-dimensional environment, wherein the first user interface object is a viewpoint lock object that remains in a separate region of the user's field of view when the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment, and the first user interface object is part of the user interface for biometric authentication. A computer system comprising: means for displaying a first authentication user interface including an effect; means for performing a first authentication of a user following the display of the first authentication user interface in a three-dimensional environment; and means for displaying a second authentication user interface different from the first authentication user interface via one or more display generation components in response to the performance of the first authentication of the user, in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user failed to authenticate the user, wherein the second authentication user interface includes a second user interface object which is an environment lock object that moves outside of individual regions of the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment.

[0013] According to several embodiments, a computer program product is described. In some embodiments, the computer program product comprises one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs, via one or more input devices, detect a request to authenticate a user, and in response to detecting a request to authenticate a user, via one or more display generating components, in a three-dimensional environment, a first user interface object, the first user interface object being a viewpoint lock object that remains in a separate region of the user's field of view when the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment, and the first user interface object being a user interface for biometric authentication A computer program product comprising instructions to display a first authentication user interface, which includes a first user interface object that is part of a face; to perform first authentication of a user following the display of the first authentication user interface in a three-dimensional environment; and, in accordance with the performance of first authentication of a user, to display a second authentication user interface different from the first authentication user interface via one or more display generation components, wherein the second authentication user interface includes a second user interface object that is an environment lock object that moves outside of individual areas of the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment.

[0014] The method is described according to several embodiments. The method includes, in a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, performing a first authentication of a user while the computer system is in a locked state; in response to performing the first authentication of the user, in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has succeeded in authenticating the user, transitioning the computer system from a locked state to an unlocked state in which a first set of features is made accessible to the user; in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has failed to authenticate the user and that a set of guest mode criteria is met, displaying a guest mode user interface object via one or more display generating components to the computer system so as to cause it to enter a guest mode state in which a second set of features, different from the first set of features, is made accessible to the user, the second set of features, which includes one or more features not included in the second set of features; and in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has failed to authenticate the user and that the set of guest mode criteria is not met, deactivating the display of the guest mode user interface object.

[0015] According to some embodiments, a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the non-temporary computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs include instructions to perform a first authentication of a user while the computer system is locked, and, in response to having performed the first authentication of the user, to transition the computer system from a locked state to an unlocked state in which a first set of features is made accessible to the user, in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has succeeded in authenticating the user, to display a guest mode user interface object via one or more display generating components to cause the computer system to enter a guest mode state in which a second set of features, different from the first set of features, is made accessible to the user, in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has failed to authenticate the user and the set of guest mode criteria is not met, the display of the guest mode user interface object is discontinued.

[0016] According to some embodiments, a temporary computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the temporary computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs include instructions to perform a first authentication of a user while the computer system is locked, and, in response to having performed the first authentication of the user, to transition the computer system from a locked state to an unlocked state in which a first set of features is made accessible to the user, in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has succeeded in authenticating the user, to display a guest mode user interface object via one or more display generating components to cause the computer system to enter a guest mode state in which a second set of features, different from the first set of features, is made accessible to the user, in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has failed to authenticate the user and the set of guest mode criteria is not met.

[0017] A computer system is described according to several embodiments. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, and the computer system comprises one or more processors and memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors, the one or more programs include instructions to perform a first authentication of a user while the computer system is in a locked state, and in response to having performed the first authentication of the user, to transition the computer system from a locked state to an unlocked state in which a first set of features is made accessible to the user, according to a determination that the first authentication of the user has succeeded in authenticating the user, to display a guest mode user interface object via one or more display generating components to the computer system in which a second set of features different from the first set of features, wherein the first set of features includes one or more features not included in the second set of features, is made accessible to the user, according to a determination that the first authentication of the user has failed to authenticate the user and the set of guest mode criteria is not met.

[0018] A computer system is described according to several embodiments. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, and the computer system includes means for performing a first authentication of a user while the computer system is in a locked state, and, in response to having performed the first authentication of the user, means for transitioning the computer system from a locked state to an unlocked state in which a first set of features is made accessible to the user, according to a determination that the first authentication of the user has succeeded in authenticating the user, and for displaying a guest mode user interface object via one or more display generating components in which the computer system is selected to enter a guest mode state in which a second set of features, different from the first set of features, is made accessible to the user, according to a determination that the first authentication of the user has failed to authenticate the user and a set of guest mode criteria is met, and for deactivating the display of the guest mode user interface object in accordance with a determination that the first authentication of the user has failed to authenticate the user and a set of guest mode criteria is not met.

[0019] According to several embodiments, a computer program product is described. In some embodiments, the computer program product stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs include instructions to perform a first authentication of a user while the computer system is in a locked state, and, in response to having performed the first authentication of the user, to transition the computer system from a locked state to an unlocked state in which a first set of features is made accessible to the user, in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has succeeded in authenticating the user, to display a guest mode user interface object via one or more display generating components to the computer system in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has failed to authenticate the user and a set of guest mode criteria has been met, to cause the computer system to enter a guest mode state in which a second set of features different from the first set of features, the first set of features including one or more features not included in the second set of features, is made accessible to the user, and to discontinue displaying the guest mode user interface object in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has failed to authenticate the user and a set of guest mode criteria has been met.

[0020] The method is described according to several embodiments. The method includes, in a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, detecting via one or more input devices that a first set of criteria is met, and, in response to the detection that the first set of criteria is met, the computer system displays a first user interface via one or more display generating components prompting a user to provide biometric registration data corresponding to a personal accessory, according to the determination that the computer system has detected a personal accessory connected to the computer system without having corresponding biometric registration data for the personal accessory, and discontinuing the display of the first user interface according to the determination that the computer system has not detected a personal accessory connected to the computer system without having corresponding biometric registration data for the personal accessory.

[0021] According to some embodiments, a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the non-temporary computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs include instructions that, via one or more input devices, detect that a first set of criteria is met, and in response to the detection that the first set of criteria is met, the computer system displays a first user interface via one or more display generating components prompting a user to provide biometric registration data corresponding to a personalized accessory, according to a determination that the computer system has detected a personalized accessory connected to the computer system without having corresponding biometric registration data for the personalized accessory, and that the computer system discontinues displaying the first user interface according to a determination that the computer system has not detected a personalized accessory connected to the computer system without having corresponding biometric registration data for the personalized accessory.

[0022] According to some embodiments, a temporary computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the temporary computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs include instructions that, via one or more input devices, detect that a first set of criteria is met, and in response to the detection that the first set of criteria is met, the computer system displays a first user interface via one or more display generating components prompting a user to provide biometric registration data corresponding to a personalized accessory, according to the determination that the computer system has detected a personalized accessory connected to the computer system without having corresponding biometric registration data for the personalized accessory, and that the computer system discontinues displaying the first user interface according to the determination that the computer system has not detected a personalized accessory connected to the computer system without having corresponding biometric registration data for the personalized accessory.

[0023] A computer system is described according to several embodiments. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, and the computer system comprises one or more processors and a memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions to detect via one or more input devices that a first set of criteria is met, and in response to the detection that the first set of criteria is met, the computer system displays a first user interface via one or more display generating components prompting a user to provide biometric registration data corresponding to a personalized accessory, according to the determination that the computer system has detected a personalized accessory connected to the computer system without having corresponding biometric registration data for the personalized accessory, and to discontinue displaying the first user interface according to the determination that the computer system has not detected a personalized accessory connected to the computer system without having corresponding biometric registration data for the personalized accessory.

[0024] A computer system is described according to several embodiments. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the computer system comprising means for detecting, via one or more input devices, that a first set of criteria is met, and, in response to detecting that the first set of criteria is met, the computer system displays a first user interface via one or more display generating components prompting a user to provide biometric registration data corresponding to a personal accessory, according to a determination that the computer system has detected a personal accessory connected to the computer system without having corresponding biometric registration data for the personal accessory, and means for deactivating the display of the first user interface according to a determination that the computer system has not detected a personal accessory connected to the computer system without having corresponding biometric registration data for the personal accessory.

[0025] According to some embodiments, a computer program product is described. In some embodiments, the computer program product comprises one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions to detect via one or more input devices that a first set of criteria is met, and in response to the detection that the first set of criteria is met, the computer system displays a first user interface via one or more display generating components prompting a user to provide biometric registration data corresponding to a personal accessory, in accordance with the determination that the computer system has detected a personal accessory connected to the computer system without having corresponding biometric registration data for the personal accessory, and to discontinue displaying the first user interface in accordance with the determination that the computer system has not detected a personal accessory connected to the computer system without having corresponding biometric registration data for the personal accessory.

[0026] The method is described according to several embodiments. The method includes displaying a configuration user interface via one or more display generating components in a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the display including simultaneously displaying a representation of a first personalization accessory associated with the computer system and a representation of a second personalization accessory associated with the computer system but different from the first personalization accessory, the representation of the first personalization accessory being visually distinguished from the representation of the second personalization accessory in a manner indicating that biometric registration associated with the first personalization accessory is complete and that biometric registration associated with the second personalization accessory is not complete.

[0027] According to some embodiments, a non - transient computer - readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the non - transient computer - readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display - generating components and one or more input devices, and the one or more programs include instructions to display a configured user interface via the one or more display - generating components, the non - transient computer - readable storage medium being such that displaying includes simultaneously displaying a representation of a first personalized accessory associated with the computer system and a representation of a second personalized accessory associated with the computer system and different from the first personalized accessory, and the representation of the first personalized accessory is visually distinguishable from the representation of the second personalized accessory in a manner indicating that biometric registration associated with the first personalized accessory has been completed and that biometric registration associated with the second personalized accessory has not been completed.

[0028] According to some embodiments, a transient computer - readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the transient computer - readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system in communication with one or more display - generating components and one or more input devices, and the one or more programs include instructions to display a configured user interface via the one or more display - generating components, the transient computer - readable storage medium being such that displaying includes simultaneously displaying a representation of a first personalized accessory associated with the computer system and a representation of a second personalized accessory associated with the computer system and different from the first personalized accessory, and the representation of the first personalized accessory is visually distinguishable from the representation of the second personalized accessory in a manner indicating that biometric registration associated with the first personalized accessory has been completed and that biometric registration associated with the second personalized accessory has not been completed.

[0029] According to some embodiments, a computer system is described. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, and the computer system includes one or more processors and a memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs include instructions to display a configured user interface via the one or more display generation components, and displaying includes simultaneously displaying a representation of a first personalized accessory associated with the computer system and a representation of a second personalized accessory associated with the computer system different from the first personalized accessory, and the representation of the first personalized accessory is visually distinguishable from the representation of the second personalized accessory in a manner indicating that biometric registration associated with the first personalized accessory has been completed and that biometric registration associated with the second personalized accessory has not been completed.

[0030] According to some embodiments, a computer system is described. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, and the computer system includes means for displaying a configured user interface via the one or more display generation components, and displaying includes simultaneously displaying a representation of a first personalized accessory associated with the computer system and a representation of a second personalized accessory associated with the computer system different from the first personalized accessory, and the representation of the first personalized accessory is visually distinguishable from the representation of the second personalized accessory in a manner indicating that biometric registration associated with the first personalized accessory has been completed and that biometric registration associated with the second personalized accessory has not been completed.

[0031] According to several embodiments, a computer program product is described. In some embodiments, the computer program product includes one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, wherein the one or more programs include instructions for displaying a setting user interface via one or more display generating components, the display including simultaneously displaying a representation of a first personalization accessory associated with the computer system and a representation of a second personalization accessory associated with the computer system but different from the first personalization accessory, the representation of the first personalization accessory being visually distinguished from the representation of the second personalization accessory in a manner indicating that biometric registration associated with the first personalization accessory is complete and biometric registration associated with the second personalization accessory is not complete.

[0032] The method is described according to several embodiments. The method includes, in a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components, detecting that a companion device satisfies a first set of criteria, including a first criterion that is satisfied when the companion device initiates a setup process; displaying a first quick-start user interface via one or more display generating components of the computer system in accordance with the determination that the companion device is in a first state in response to the detection that the companion device satisfies the first set of criteria; and displaying a second quick-start user interface, different from the first quick-start user interface, via one or more display generating components of the computer system in accordance with the determination that the companion device is in a second state different from the first state.

[0033] According to some embodiments, a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the non-temporary computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs include instructions for detecting that a companion device satisfies a first set of criteria, including a first criterion that is satisfied when the companion device starts a setup process, and, in response to the detection that the companion device satisfies the first set of criteria, displaying a first quick-start user interface via one or more display generating components of the computer system according to a determination that the companion device is in a first state, and displaying a second quick-start user interface, different from the first quick-start user interface, via one or more display generating components of the computer system according to a determination that the companion device is in a second state different from the first state.

[0034] According to some embodiments, a temporary computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the temporary computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs include instructions for detecting that a companion device satisfies a first set of criteria, including a first criterion that is satisfied when the companion device starts a setup process, and, in response to the detection that the companion device satisfies the first set of criteria, displaying a first quick-start user interface via one or more display generating components of the computer system according to a determination that the companion device is in a first state, and displaying a second quick-start user interface, different from the first quick-start user interface, via one or more display generating components of the computer system according to a determination that the companion device is in a second state different from the first state.

[0035] A computer system is described according to several embodiments. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, and the computer system comprises one or more processors and a memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for detecting that a companion device satisfies a first set of criteria, including first criteria that are satisfied when the companion device starts a setup process, and in response to the detection that the companion device satisfies the first set of criteria, displaying a first quick-start user interface via one or more display generating components of the computer system according to a determination that the companion device is in a first state, and displaying a second quick-start user interface different from the first quick-start user interface via one or more display generating components of the computer system according to a determination that the companion device is in a second state different from the first state.

[0036] A computer system is described according to several embodiments. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, and the computer system includes means for detecting that a companion device satisfies a first set of criteria, including a first criterion that is satisfied when the companion device starts a setup process; means for displaying a first quick-start user interface via one or more display generating components of the computer system in accordance with a determination that the companion device is in a first state in response to the detection that the companion device satisfies the first set of criteria, and displaying a second quick-start user interface different from the first quick-start user interface via one or more display generating components of the computer system in accordance with a determination that the companion device is in a second state different from the first state.

[0037] According to some embodiments, a computer program product is described. In some embodiments, the computer program product includes one or more programs configured to run by one or more processors of a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions for detecting that a companion device satisfies a first set of criteria, including first criteria that are satisfied when the companion device starts a setup process, and, in response to the detection that the companion device satisfies the first set of criteria, displaying a first quick-start user interface via one or more display generating components of the computer system according to a determination that the companion device is in a first state, and displaying a second quick-start user interface, different from the first quick-start user interface, via one or more display generating components of the computer system according to a determination that the companion device is in a second state different from the first state.

[0038] The method is described according to several embodiments. The method includes, in a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, displaying a first set of user input instructions corresponding to a first type of operation as part of an input tutorial via one or more display generating components; detecting a first user input via one or more input devices, while within the input tutorial, following the display of the first set of user input instructions; and, in response to the detection of the first user input, initiating a process to perform the first type of operation and advance the input tutorial, according to a determination that the first user input satisfies a first set of criteria corresponding to the first type of operation.

[0039] According to some embodiments, a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the non-temporary computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs include instructions to display a first set of user input instructions corresponding to a first type of operation as part of an input tutorial via one or more display generating components, and following the display of the first set of user input instructions, to detect a first user input via one or more input devices while within the input tutorial that represents an attempt to perform an input corresponding to a first type of operation, and in response to the detection of the first user input, to initiate a process to perform a first type of operation and advance the input tutorial according to a determination that the first user input satisfies a first set of criteria corresponding to a first type of operation.

[0040] According to some embodiments, a temporary computer-readable storage medium is described. In some embodiments, the temporary computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs include instructions to display a first set of user input instructions corresponding to a first type of operation as part of an input tutorial via one or more display generating components, and following the display of the first set of user input instructions, to detect a first user input via one or more input devices while within the input tutorial that represents an attempt to perform an input corresponding to a first type of operation, and in response to the detection of the first user input, to initiate a process to perform a first type of operation and advance the input tutorial according to a determination that the first user input satisfies a first set of criteria corresponding to a first type of operation.

[0041] A computer system is described according to several embodiments. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, and the computer system comprises one or more processors and a memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions to display a first set of user input instructions corresponding to a first type of operation as part of an input tutorial via one or more display generating components, and following the display of the first set of user input instructions, to detect a first user input via one or more input devices while within the input tutorial that represents an attempt to perform an input corresponding to a first type of operation, and in response to the detection of the first user input, to start a process to perform a first type of operation and advance the input tutorial according to a determination that the first user input satisfies a first set of criteria corresponding to a first type of operation.

[0042] A computer system is described according to several embodiments. In some embodiments, the computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the computer system comprising: means for displaying a first set of user input instructions corresponding to a first type of operation as part of an input tutorial via one or more display generating components; means for detecting a first user input via one or more input devices, while within the input tutorial, following the display of the first set of user input instructions; and means for initiating a process to perform a first type of operation and advance the input tutorial, in response to the detection of the first user input, according to a determination that the first user input satisfies a first set of criteria corresponding to a first type of operation.

[0043] According to some embodiments, a computer program product is described. In some embodiments, the computer program product stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs including instructions to display a first set of user input instructions corresponding to a first type of operation as part of an input tutorial via one or more display generating components, and following the display of the first set of user input instructions, to detect a first user input via one or more input devices while within the input tutorial that represents an attempt to perform an input corresponding to a first type of operation, and in response to the detection of the first user input, to start a process to perform a first type of operation and advance the input tutorial according to a determination that the first user input satisfies a first set of criteria corresponding to a first type of operation.

[0044] The method is described according to several embodiments. The method includes detecting a first event in a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, and in response to the detection of the first event while one or more display generating components have a separate spatial relationship to one or more eyes of a user, displaying a corrector lens management user interface via one or more display generating components, which includes user interface elements associated with one or more corrector lenses of the computer system, in accordance with a determination that a corrector lens criterion is met, the corrector lens criterion includes one or more criteria relating to corrector lens information corresponding to one or more corrector lenses used to modify visible content via one or more display generating components while one or more display generating components have a separate spatial relationship to one or more eyes of a user, and discontinuing the display of the corrector lens management user interface in accordance with a determination that the corrector lens criterion is not met.

[0045] According to some embodiments, a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium is described. The non-temporary computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs include instructions to detect a first event and, in response to the detection of the first event while one or more display generating components have a separate spatial relationship to one or more eyes of a user, display a correction lens management user interface, which includes user interface elements associated with one or more correction lenses of the computer system, via one or more display generating components, in accordance with a determination that the correction lens criteria are met, wherein the correction lens criteria include one or more criteria relating to correction lens information corresponding to one or more correction lenses used to modify visible content via one or more display generating components while one or more display generating components have a separate spatial relationship to one or more eyes of a user, and to discontinue displaying the correction lens management user interface, in accordance with a determination that the correction lens criteria are not met.

[0046] According to some embodiments, a temporary computer-readable storage medium is described. The temporary computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, the one or more programs include instructions to detect a first event and, in response to the detection of the first event while one or more display generating components have a separate spatial relationship to one or more eyes of a user, display a correction lens management user interface, which includes user interface elements associated with one or more correction lenses of the computer system, via one or more display generating components, in accordance with a determination that the correction lens criteria are met, wherein the correction lens criteria include one or more criteria relating to correction lens information corresponding to one or more correction lenses used to modify visible content via one or more display generating components while one or more display generating components have a separate spatial relationship to one or more eyes of a user, and to discontinue the display of the correction lens management user interface, in accordance with a determination that the correction lens criteria are not met.

[0047] According to several embodiments, a computer system is described. The computer system comprises one or more processors and a memory for storing one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors, wherein one or more programs detect a first event and, in response to detecting the first event while one or more display-generating components have a separate spatial relationship to one or more eyes of a user, displays a correction lens management user interface via one or more display-generating components, which includes user interface elements associated with one or more correction lenses of the computer system, in accordance with a determination that the correction lens criteria are met, which include one or more criteria relating to correction lens information corresponding to one or more correction lenses used to modify visible content via one or more display-generating components while one or more display-generating components have a separate spatial relationship to one or more eyes of a user, and discontinues displaying the correction lens management user interface in accordance with a determination that the correction lens criteria are not met.

[0048] A computer system is described according to several embodiments. The computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices and includes means for detecting a first event, and means for detecting a first event while one or more display generating components have a separate spatial relationship to one or more eyes of a user, to display a corrector lens management user interface via one or more display generating components, including user interface elements associated with one or more corrector lenses of the computer system, in response to a determination that a corrector lens criterion is met, wherein the corrector lens criterion includes one or more criteria relating to corrector lens information corresponding to one or more corrector lenses used to modify visible content via one or more display generating components while one or more display generating components have a separate spatial relationship to one or more eyes of a user, and means for deactivating the display of the corrector lens management user interface in accordance with a determination that the corrector lens criterion is not met.

[0049] According to some embodiments, a computer program product is described. The computer program product stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of a computer system communicating with one or more display generating components and one or more input devices, and the one or more programs include instructions to detect a first event and, in response to the detection of the first event while one or more display generating components have a separate spatial relationship to one or more eyes of a user, display a corrector lens management user interface, which includes user interface elements associated with one or more corrector lenses of the computer system, via one or more display generating components, in accordance with a determination that the corrector lens criteria are met, wherein the corrector lens criteria include one or more criteria relating to corrector lens information corresponding to one or more corrector lenses used to modify visible content via one or more display generating components while one or more display generating components have a separate spatial relationship to one or more eyes of a user, and to discontinue the display of the corrector lens management user interface, in accordance with a determination that the corrector lens criteria are not met.

[0050] In some embodiments, the computer system displays a set of controls associated with controlling the playback of media content (e.g., transport controls and / or other types of controls) in response to detecting the user's gaze and / or gestures. In some embodiments, the computer system first displays a first set of controls in a reduced-sight state (e.g., with reduced visual prominence) in response to detecting a first input, and then displays a second set of controls (optionally including additional controls) in an increased-sight state in response to detecting a second input. In this way, the computer system optionally provides the user with feedback that the user has initiated the display of controls without excessively diverting the user's attention from the content (e.g., by initially displaying the controls in a visually inconspicuous manner), and then, based on the detection of user input indicating that the user wishes to interact with the controls further, displays the controls in a more visually prominent manner to enable easier and more precise interaction with the computer system.

[0051] It should be noted that the various embodiments described herein can be combined with any other embodiments described herein. The features and advantages described herein are not exhaustive, and many additional features and advantages will become apparent to those skilled in the art, in particular, in light of the drawings, specification and claims. Furthermore, it should be noted that the language used herein has been selected solely for readability and explanatory purposes and not to define or limit the subject matter of the invention. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0052] To better understand the various embodiments described, the following “Modes for Carrying Out the Invention” should be referenced in conjunction with the following drawings, and similar reference numbers throughout the following drawings refer to the corresponding parts.

[0053] [Figure 1A] This block diagram shows the operating environment of a computer system for providing an XR experience, according to several embodiments.

[0054] [Figure 1B] This is an example of a computer system for providing an XR experience in the operating environment shown in Figure 1A. [Figure 1C] This is an example of a computer system for providing an XR experience in the operating environment shown in Figure 1A. [Figure 1D] This is an example of a computer system for providing an XR experience in the operating environment shown in Figure 1A. [Figure 1E] This is an example of a computer system for providing an XR experience in the operating environment shown in Figure 1A. [Figure 1F] This is an example of a computer system for providing an XR experience in the operating environment shown in Figure 1A. [Figure 1G] This is an example of a computer system for providing an XR experience in the operating environment shown in Figure 1A. [Figure 1H] This is an example of a computer system for providing an XR experience in the operating environment shown in Figure 1A. [Figure 1I] This is an example of a computer system for providing an XR experience in the operating environment shown in Figure 1A. [Figure 1J] This is an example of a computer system for providing an XR experience in the operating environment shown in Figure 1A. [Figure 1K] This is an example of a computer system for providing an XR experience in the operating environment shown in Figure 1A. [Figure 1L] This is an example of a computer system for providing an XR experience in the operating environment shown in Figure 1A. [Figure 1M] This is an example of a computer system for providing an XR experience in the operating environment shown in Figure 1A. [Figure 1N] This is an example of a computer system for providing an XR experience in the operating environment shown in Figure 1A. [Figure 10]This is an example of a computer system for providing an XR experience in the operating environment shown in Figure 1A. [Figure 1P] This is an example of a computer system for providing an XR experience in the operating environment shown in Figure 1A.

[0055] [Figure 2] A block diagram showing a controller for a computer system configured to manage and adjust the user's XR experience, according to several embodiments.

[0056] [Figure 3] This is a block diagram showing display generation components of a computer system configured to provide users with visual components of an XR experience, according to several embodiments.

[0057] [Figure 4] This is a block diagram showing a hand tracking unit for a computer system configured to capture user gesture input, according to several embodiments.

[0058] [Figure 5] This is a block diagram showing an eye-tracking unit for a computer system configured to capture user eye-gaze input, according to several embodiments.

[0059] [Figure 6] This is a flowchart illustrating a Glint-assisted eye-tracking pipeline in several embodiments.

[0060] [Figure 7A] This document presents exemplary techniques for user authentication in several embodiments. [Figure 7B] This document presents exemplary techniques for user authentication in several embodiments. [Figure 7C] This document presents exemplary techniques for user authentication in several embodiments. [Figure 7D]This document presents exemplary techniques for user authentication in several embodiments. [Figure 7E] This document presents exemplary techniques for user authentication in several embodiments. [Figure 7F] This document presents exemplary techniques for user authentication in several embodiments. [Figure 7G] This document presents exemplary techniques for user authentication in several embodiments. [Figure 7H] This document presents exemplary techniques for user authentication in several embodiments. [Figure 7I] This document presents exemplary techniques for user authentication in several embodiments. [Figure 7J] This document presents exemplary techniques for user authentication in several embodiments. [Figure 7J-1] This document presents exemplary techniques for user authentication in several embodiments. [Figure 7K] This document presents exemplary techniques for user authentication in several embodiments. [Figure 7L] This document presents exemplary techniques for user authentication in several embodiments. [Figure 7M] This document presents exemplary techniques for user authentication in several embodiments. [Figure 7N] This document presents exemplary techniques for user authentication in several embodiments. [Figure 7O] This document presents exemplary techniques for user authentication in several embodiments.

[0061] [Figure 8A] This is a flowchart illustrating user authentication methods in various embodiments.

[0062] [Figure 8B] This is a flowchart illustrating user authentication methods in various embodiments.

[0063] [Figure 9A]This document illustrates exemplary techniques for registering and managing personal accessories for one or more users of a computer system, according to several embodiments. [Figure 9B] This document illustrates exemplary techniques for registering and managing personal accessories for one or more users of a computer system, according to several embodiments. [Figure 9C] This document illustrates exemplary techniques for registering and managing personal accessories for one or more users of a computer system, according to several embodiments. [Figure 9D] This document illustrates exemplary techniques for registering and managing personal accessories for one or more users of a computer system, according to several embodiments. [Figure 9E] This document illustrates exemplary techniques for registering and managing personal accessories for one or more users of a computer system, according to several embodiments. [Figure 9F] This document illustrates exemplary techniques for registering and managing personal accessories for one or more users of a computer system, according to several embodiments. [Figure 9G] This document illustrates exemplary techniques for registering and managing personal accessories for one or more users of a computer system, according to several embodiments. [Figure 9H] This document illustrates exemplary techniques for registering and managing personal accessories for one or more users of a computer system, according to several embodiments. [Figure 9I] This document illustrates exemplary techniques for registering and managing personal accessories for one or more users of a computer system, according to several embodiments. [Figure 9J] This document illustrates exemplary techniques for registering and managing personal accessories for one or more users of a computer system, according to several embodiments. [Figure 9K] This document illustrates exemplary techniques for registering and managing personal accessories for one or more users of a computer system, according to several embodiments. [Figure 9L]This document illustrates exemplary techniques for registering and managing personal accessories for one or more users of a computer system, according to several embodiments. [Figure 9M] This document illustrates exemplary techniques for registering and managing personal accessories for one or more users of a computer system, according to several embodiments.

[0064] [Figure 10A] This is a flowchart illustrating a method for registering personal accessories for one or more users of a computer system, using various embodiments.

[0065] [Figure 10B] This is a flowchart illustrating various methods for managing personal accessories for one or more users of a computer system.

[0066] [Figure 11A] This document presents exemplary techniques for setting up a computer system, using several embodiments. [Figure 11B] This document presents exemplary techniques for setting up a computer system, using several embodiments. [Figure 11C] This document presents exemplary techniques for setting up a computer system, using several embodiments. [Figure 11D] This document presents exemplary techniques for setting up a computer system, using several embodiments. [Figure 11E] This document presents exemplary techniques for setting up a computer system, using several embodiments. [Figure 11F] This document presents exemplary techniques for setting up a computer system, using several embodiments. [Figure 11G] This document presents exemplary techniques for setting up a computer system, using several embodiments. [Figure 11H] This document presents exemplary techniques for setting up a computer system, using several embodiments.

[0067] [Figure 12] This is a flowchart illustrating how to set up a computer system using various embodiments.

[0068] [Figure 13A] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13B] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13C] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13D] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13E] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13F] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13G] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13H] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13I] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13J] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13K] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13L] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13M] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13N] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13O] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13P] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13Q] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13R] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13S] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13T] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13U] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13V] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13W] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments. [Figure 13X] This document presents exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials through several embodiments.

[0069] [Figure 14] This is a flowchart illustrating a method for providing an input tutorial in several embodiments.

[0070] [Figure 15A] This document presents exemplary techniques for managing personal accessories, based on several embodiments. [Figure 15B] This document presents exemplary techniques for managing personal accessories, based on several embodiments. [Figure 15C] This document presents exemplary techniques for managing personal accessories, based on several embodiments. [Figure 15D] This document presents exemplary techniques for managing personal accessories, based on several embodiments. [Figure 15E] This document presents exemplary techniques for managing personal accessories, based on several embodiments. [Figure 15F] This document presents exemplary techniques for managing personal accessories, based on several embodiments. [Figure 15G] This document presents exemplary techniques for managing personal accessories, based on several embodiments. [Figure 15H] This document presents exemplary techniques for managing personal accessories, based on several embodiments. [Figure 15I] This document presents exemplary techniques for managing personal accessories, based on several embodiments. [Figure 15J] This document presents exemplary techniques for managing personal accessories, based on several embodiments. [Figure 15K] This document presents exemplary techniques for managing personal accessories, based on several embodiments. [Figure 15L] This document presents exemplary techniques for managing personal accessories, based on several embodiments. [Figure 15M] This document presents exemplary techniques for managing personal accessories, based on several embodiments. [Figure 15N] This document presents exemplary techniques for managing personal accessories, based on several embodiments. [Figure 15O] This document presents exemplary techniques for managing personal accessories, based on several embodiments. [Figure 15P] This document presents exemplary techniques for managing personal accessories, based on several embodiments. [Figure 15Q]This document presents exemplary techniques for managing personal accessories, based on several embodiments.

[0071] [Figure 16] This is a flowchart illustrating how to manage personal accessories. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0072] This disclosure relates to user interfaces that provide users with Extended Reality (XR) experiences, in several embodiments.

[0073] The systems, methods, and GUIs described herein improve user interface interactions with virtual / augmented reality environments in multiple ways.

[0074] In some embodiments, the computer system displays a first authentication user interface in a three-dimensional environment that includes one or more gaze-locking objects. For example, in some embodiments, the one or more gaze-locking objects include gaze-locking gaze objects for the user to look at in order for the computer system to perform eye-based authentication. By displaying gaze-locking gaze objects that remain stationary within the user's field of view, the user is more likely to look at the gaze objects, enabling more accurate eye-based user authentication. In some embodiments, if the user's initial authentication fails, the computer system displays a second authentication user interface in a three-dimensional environment that includes one or more environment-locking objects. For example, in some embodiments, the second authentication user interface is a passcode entry user interface that includes one or more keys which are environment-locking objects. The environment-locking passcode entry user interface allows the user to interact with the passcode entry user interface more intuitively to enter passcode information.

[0075] In some embodiments, while the computer system is locked, the computer system performs a first authentication of the user (e.g., biometric authentication and / or non-biometric authentication of the user (e.g., passcode and / or password-based authentication)). If user authentication fails, the computer system determines whether the guest mode criteria are met. If the guest mode criteria are met, the computer system displays options that the user can select to operate the computer system in guest mode. In some embodiments, guest mode represents a limited user experience that allows the user to use the computer system, but with fewer available features and / or functions. If the guest mode criteria are not met, the computer system does not display options to operate the computer system in guest mode. By selectively displaying the guest mode option only when the guest mode criteria are met, the computer system prevents unauthorized users from accessing sensitive data.

[0076] In some embodiments, the computer system determines whether a personal accessory is connected to the computer system, and if so, further determines whether the computer system has biometric registration data for the personal accessory. For example, in some embodiments, the personal accessory includes one or more optical lenses (e.g., prescription or non-prescription optical lenses), and the biometric registration data includes eye-tracking registration data and / or eye-based biometric data corresponding to the optical lenses. If the computer system detects a personal accessory for which the computer system does not have corresponding biometric registration data, the computer system displays a user interface prompting the user to provide biometric registration data for the personal accessory. If the computer system does not detect a personal accessory for which the computer system does not have corresponding biometric registration data (e.g., the computer system does not detect the personal accessory, or the computer system detects a personal accessory for which the computer system already has corresponding biometric registration data), the computer system does not display a user interface. By ensuring that the computer system has biometric registration data for a personal accessory before the user uses the personal accessory, the computer system ensures that user input received from the user is accurate and that the user does not mistakenly provide incorrect or incomplete input due to the personal accessory not being properly configured.

[0077] In some embodiments, the computer system displays a configuration user interface in which a representation of a first personalized accessory (e.g., a first set of optical lenses (e.g., prescription or non-prescription optical lenses)) is displayed simultaneously with a representation of a second personalized accessory (e.g., a second set of optical lenses). The representation of the first personalized accessory is visually distinguished from the representation of the second personalized accessory in a manner that indicates that biometric registration associated with the first personalized accessory is complete and that biometric registration associated with the second personalized accessory is not complete. Displaying a configuration user interface in which the representation of the first personalized accessory is displayed in a manner that indicates that biometric registration associated with the first personalized accessory is complete, and the representation of the second personalized accessory is displayed in a manner that indicates that biometric registration associated with the second personalized accessory is not complete, provides the user with visual feedback regarding the status of the device (e.g., that biometric registration is complete for the first personalized accessory but not for the second personalized accessory), thereby providing the user with improved visual feedback. Furthermore, ensuring that the computer system has biometric registration data for the personal accessory before the user uses it ensures that user input received from the user is accurate and that the user does not mistakenly provide incorrect or incomplete input due to the personal accessory not being properly configured.

[0078] In some embodiments, the computer system detects that a companion device is set up and further determines whether the companion device is in a first state or a second state. For example, in some embodiments, the first state is the "attached" state, where the companion device is attached by the user, and the second state is the "unattached" state, where the companion device is not attached by the user. If the companion device is in the first state, the computer system displays a first quick-start user interface, and if the companion device is in the second state, the computer system displays a second quick-start user interface. For example, in some embodiments, if the companion device is attached by the user, the computer system displays a first quick-start user interface that provides instructions for when the companion device is attached, and if the companion device is not attached by the user, the computer system displays a second quick-start user interface that instructs the user to attach the companion device. Displaying a first quick-start user interface when the companion device is in a first state, and a second quick-start user interface when the companion device is in a second state, improves the usability of the device, makes the user-device interface more efficient by helping the user provide appropriate input (for example, by providing appropriate feedback and / or instructions to the companion device whether it is in the first or second state), and reduces user errors when operating / interacting with the device.

[0079] In some embodiments, the computer system displays a first set of user input instructions corresponding to a first type of action as part of an input tutorial. For example, the computer system displays instructions as part of an input tutorial that instruct the user on how to perform a first type of user input to interact with one or more virtual objects (e.g., graphical user interface objects). Following the display of the first set of user input instructions, the computer system detects a first user input representing an attempt to perform an input corresponding to a first type of action. For example, in some embodiments, the computer system instructs the user to attempt to perform a first type of user input based on the provided instructions. If the user successfully performs the first type of user input (e.g., according to a determination that the first user input satisfies a first set of criteria corresponding to a first type of action), the computer system performs the first type of action and also initiates a process to advance the input tutorial. For example, in some embodiments, if the user successfully performs the first type of user input, the computer system displays an indication that the user has successfully performed the first type of user input, and then displays a second set of user input instructions corresponding to a second type of action.

[0080] In some embodiments, the computer system detects an event. For example, in some embodiments, a first event includes detecting that the computer system has been fitted by a user (e.g., on the user's head and / or face) and / or placed on the user's body. In some embodiments, detecting a first event includes detecting one or more user inputs (e.g., one or more touch inputs, one or more gestures, one or more air gestures, one or more gaze-based inputs, and / or one or more hardware control inputs). In response to detecting a first event (e.g., while the computer system is fitted to the user's body), and according to a determination that the corrective lens criteria are met, the computer system displays a corrective lens management user interface that includes user interface elements associated with one or more corrective lenses of the computer system. In response to detecting a first event, and according to a determination that the corrective lens criteria are not met, the computer system discontinues displaying the corrective lens management user interface. For example, in some embodiments, the corrective lens management user interface indicates that a device calibration profile has been applied to the computer system based on whether one or more corrective lenses are fitted to the computer system or not. In some embodiments, the corrector lens management user interface includes one or more selectable options corresponding to different sets of corrector lenses registered in the computer system, which can be selected by the user to apply a specific device calibration profile corresponding to the selected set of corrector lenses. In this way, the user can switch between different device calibration profiles as needed, based on which corrector lenses are mounted in the computer system and / or based on whether no corrector lenses are mounted in the computer system. Figures 1 to 6 illustrate exemplary computer systems for providing an XR experience to a user. Figures 7A to 7O illustrate exemplary techniques for user authentication according to some embodiments.Figure 8A is a flowchart of a user authentication method according to various embodiments. Figure 8B is a flowchart of a user authentication method according to various embodiments. The user interfaces in Figures 7A to 7O are used to illustrate the processes in Figures 8A and 8B. Figures 9A to 9M show exemplary techniques for registering and managing personal accessories for a computer system according to several embodiments. Figure 10A is a flowchart of a method for registering personal accessories for one or more users of a computer system according to various embodiments. Figure 10B is a flowchart of a method for managing personal accessories for one or more users of a computer system according to various embodiments. The user interfaces in Figures 9A to 9M are used to illustrate the processes in Figures 10A and 10B. Figures 11A to 11H show exemplary techniques for setting up a computer system according to several embodiments. Figure 12 is a flowchart of a method for setting up a computer system according to various embodiments. The user interfaces in Figures 11A to 11H are used to illustrate the process in Figure 12. Figures 13A to 13X illustrate exemplary techniques for providing input tutorials in several embodiments. Figure 14 is a flowchart of a method for providing input tutorials in various embodiments. The user interfaces in Figures 13A to 13X are used to illustrate the process in Figure 14. Figures 15A to 15Q illustrate exemplary techniques for managing personal accessories in several embodiments. Figure 16 is a flowchart of a method for managing personal accessories in several embodiments. The user interfaces in Figures 15A to 15Q are used to illustrate the process in Figure 16.

[0081] The processes described below enhance the usability of the device and make the user device interface more efficient (for example, by helping the user provide appropriate input and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the device) through various technologies, including providing the user with improved visual feedback, reducing the number of inputs required to perform actions, providing additional control options without cluttering the user interface with additional displayed controls, performing actions without requiring further user input when a set of conditions is met, improving privacy and / or security, providing a more diverse, detailed, and / or realistic user experience while saving memory space, and / or additional technologies. These technologies also reduce power consumption and improve the battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. Saving battery power, and therefore weight, improves the ergonomics of the device. These technologies also enable real-time communication, allow the use of fewer and / or less accurate sensors, resulting in more compact, lighter, and less expensive devices, and enabling the device to be used in a variety of lighting conditions. These technologies reduce energy consumption and thereby reduce the heat emitted by the device, which is especially important for wearable devices that can become uncomfortable for the user to wear if they generate excessive heat, even if the device is well within the operating parameters for its components.

[0082] Furthermore, in any method described herein that is conditional on one or more conditions being met in one or more steps, it should be understood that the method described can be repeated in multiple iterations such that all the conditions that the steps of the method are conditional on are met in different iterations of the method. For example, if a method requires that a first step be performed if a condition is met, and a second step be performed if the condition is not met, a person skilled in the art will understand that the steps described in the claim are repeated in a specific order until the conditions are met and then not met. Thus, a method described in one or more steps that depends on one or more conditions being met can be rewritten as a method that is repeated until each of the conditions described in the method is met. However, this is not required for a claim of a system or computer-readable medium that includes instructions for performing a conditional operation based on the satisfaction of the corresponding one or more conditions, and thus can determine whether a contingency has been met without explicitly repeating the steps of the method until all the conditions that the steps of the method are conditional on are met. Those skilled in the art will also understand that, as with a method having conditional steps, a system or computer-readable storage medium may repeat the steps of the method as many times as necessary to ensure that all of the conditional steps have been performed.

[0083] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1A, the XR experience is provided to the user via an operating environment 100 which includes a computer system 101. The computer system 101 includes a controller 110 (e.g., a processor of a portable electronic device or remote server), display generation components 120 (e.g., a head-mounted device (HMD), a display, a projector, a touchscreen, etc.), one or more input devices 125 (e.g., an eye-tracking device 130, a hand-tracking device 140, other input devices 150), one or more output devices 155 (e.g., a speaker 160, a tactile output generator 170, and other output devices 180), one or more sensors 190 (e.g., an image sensor, a light sensor, a depth sensor, a tactile sensor, an orientation sensor, a proximity sensor, a temperature sensor, a location sensor, a motion sensor, a velocity sensor, etc.), and optionally one or more peripheral devices 195 (e.g., a home appliance, a wearable device, etc.). In some embodiments, one or more of the input device 125, output device 155, sensor 190, and peripheral device 195 are integrated with the display generation component 120 (for example, within a head-mounted device or handheld device).

[0084] When describing an XR experience, various terms are used to refer individually to several related but distinct environments that the user can perceive and / or interact with (for example, using inputs detected by the computer system 101 that generates the XR experience, causing the computer system generating the XR experience to generate audio, visual, and / or haptic feedback corresponding to various inputs provided to the computer system 101). The following is a subset of these terms.

[0085] Physical Environment: The physical environment refers to the physical world that people can perceive and / or interact with without the help of electronic systems. Examples of physical environments, such as a physical park, include physical objects such as physical trees, physical buildings, and physical people. People can directly perceive and / or interact with the physical environment through their senses of sight, touch, hearing, taste, and smell.

[0086] Extended reality: In contrast, an extended reality (XR) environment refers to a fully or partially simulated environment that people perceive and / or interact with through an electronic system. In XR, a subset of a person's bodily movements or their representation is tracked, and accordingly, one or more properties of one or more virtual objects simulated within the XR environment are adjusted to behave according to at least one law of physics. For example, an XR system can detect a person's head rotation and, accordingly, adjust the graphical content and sound field presented to the person in a similar way to how such views and sounds would change in a physical environment. In some situations (e.g., for accessibility reasons), the adjustment of the properties(s) of a virtual object(s) in an XR environment may be done in response to a representation of bodily motion (e.g., a voice command). A person may perceive and / or interact with an XR object using any one of these senses, including sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell. For example, a person can perceive and / or interact with audio objects that create a 3D or spatial audio environment, providing the perception of point audio sources in 3D space. In another example, audio objects may enable audio transparency, selectively incorporating ambient sounds from the physical environment, with or without computer-generated audio. In some XR environments, a person may perceive and / or interact with only audio objects.

[0087] Examples of XR include virtual reality and mixed reality.

[0088] Virtual reality: A virtual reality (VR) environment refers to a simulated environment designed to be entirely based on computer-generated sensory input for one or more senses. A VR environment includes multiple virtual objects that a person can perceive and / or interact with. For example, computer-generated images of trees, buildings, and avatars representing people are examples of virtual objects. A person can perceive and / or interact with virtual objects in a VR environment through a simulation of their presence within the computer-generated environment and / or through a simulation of a subset of their physical movement within the computer-generated environment.

[0089] Mixed Reality: A mixed reality (MR) environment is a simulated environment designed to incorporate sensory input or its representation from a physical environment, in addition to including computer-generated sensory input (e.g., virtual objects), in contrast to a virtual reality (VR) environment designed to rely entirely on computer-generated sensory input. On a virtual continuum, a mixed reality environment is any location between, but not encompassing, the complete physical environment at one end and the virtual reality environment at the other. In some MR environments, computer-generated sensory input may respond to changes in sensory input from the physical environment. Also, some electronic systems for presenting an MR environment may track location and / or orientation relative to the physical environment to enable virtual objects to interact with real objects (i.e., physical articles or their representations from the physical environment). For example, the system may take movement into account so that a virtual tree appears stationary relative to the physical ground.

[0090] Examples of mixed reality include extended reality and augmented virtual reality.

[0091] Extended reality: An augmented reality (AR) environment refers to a simulated environment in which one or more virtual objects are superimposed on or onto a physical environment. For example, an electronic system for presenting an AR environment may have a transparent or translucent display that allows a person to directly view the physical environment. The system may also be configured to present virtual objects on the transparent or translucent display, thereby allowing a person to use the system to perceive the virtual objects superimposed on the physical environment. Alternatively, the system may have an opaque display and one or more imaging sensors that capture an image or video of the physical environment, which is a representation of the physical environment. The system composites the image or video with the virtual objects and presents the composite on the opaque display. A person uses this system to perceive the virtual objects superimposed on the physical environment by indirectly viewing the physical environment through the image or video of the physical environment. As used herein, a video of the physical environment displayed on an opaque display is referred to as “pass-through video,” meaning that the system uses one or more image sensors to capture images of the physical environment and uses those images when presenting the AR environment on the opaque display. Alternatively, the system may have a projection system that projects virtual objects, for example, as holograms, into or onto the physical environment, so that a person can use the system to perceive the virtual objects superimposed on the physical environment. Extended reality environments also refer to simulated environments in which representations of the physical environment are transformed by computer-generated sensory information. For example, when providing pass-through video, the system may transform one or more sensor images to plane a selected perspective (e.g., viewpoint) different from the perspective captured by the imaging sensor. As another example, the representation of the physical environment may be transformed by graphically modifying (e.g., enlarging) a portion of it, so that the modified portion is a non-photorealistic altered version of the original captured image.As a further example, the representation of the physical environment may be altered by graphically removing or obscuring parts of it.

[0092] Augmented Virtuality (AV) refers to a simulated environment in which a virtual or computer-generated environment incorporates one or more sensory inputs from a physical environment. These sensory inputs may be representations of one or more characteristics of the physical environment. For example, an AV park might have virtual trees and buildings, but people with faces might be realistically reproduced from images of real people. Another example is that a virtual object might adopt the shape or color of a physical article captured by one or more imaging sensors. A further example is that a virtual object might adopt shadows that correspond to the position of the sun in the physical environment.

[0093] In augmented reality, mixed reality, or virtual reality environments, a view of a three-dimensional environment is visible to the user. Typically, the view of the three-dimensional environment is visible to the user through one or more display-generating components (e.g., a display or a pair of display modules providing stereoscopic content to different eyes of the same user) via a virtual viewport having a viewport boundary that defines the extent of the three-dimensional environment visible to the user through one or more display-generating components. In some embodiments, the area defined by the viewport boundary is smaller than the user's field of view in one or more dimensions (e.g., based on the user's field of view, the size, optical properties, or other physical characteristics of one or more display-generating components, and / or the location and / or orientation of one or more display-generating components relative to the user's eyes). In some embodiments, the area defined by the viewport boundary is larger than the user's field of view in one or more dimensions (e.g., based on the user's field of view, the size, optical properties, or other physical characteristics of one or more display-generating components, and / or the location and / or orientation of one or more display-generating components relative to the user's eyes). Viewports and viewport boundaries typically move as one or more display-generating components move (for example, with the user's head in the case of a head-mounted device, or with the user's hand in the case of a handheld device such as a tablet or smartphone). The user's viewpoint determines which content is visible within the viewport, and the viewpoint generally specifies the location and orientation of the three-dimensional environment, so that as the viewpoint shifts, the view of the three-dimensional environment also shifts within the viewport. In the case of head-mounted devices, the viewpoint is typically based on the location and orientation of the user's head, face, and / or eyes to provide a view of the three-dimensional environment that is perceptually accurate and provides an immersive experience when the user is using the head-mounted device.For handheld or stationary devices, the viewpoint shifts as the handheld or stationary device moves and / or as the user's position relative to the handheld or stationary device changes (for example, as the user moves toward or away from the device, above or below the device, to the right of the device, and / or to the left of the device). In devices that include display-generating components with virtual passthrough, the portion of the physical environment visible (e.g., displayed and / or projected) through one or more display-generating components moves as the user's viewpoint moves as the field of view of one or more cameras moves (and the appearance of one or more virtual objects displayed through one or more display-generating components is updated based on the user's viewpoint (e.g., the displayed position and orientation of the virtual objects are updated based on the user's viewpoint) and therefore typically moves with the display-generating components (e.g., moves with the user's head in a head-mounted device, or moves with the user's hand in a handheld device such as a tablet or smartphone), communicating with the display-generating components. Based on the field of view of one or more cameras. In the case of a display-generating component with optical passthrough, parts of the physical environment that are visible through one or more display-generating components (e.g., optically visible through one or more partially or completely transparent parts of the display-generating component) are based on the user's field of view through the partially or completely transparent parts of the display-generating component (e.g., moving with the user's head in the case of a head-mounted device, or moving with the user's hand in the case of a handheld device such as a tablet or smartphone), because the user's viewpoint moves as the user's field of view moves through the partially or completely transparent parts of the display-generating component (one or more), and the appearance of one or more virtual objects is updated based on the user's viewpoint.

[0094] In some embodiments, a representation of the physical environment (e.g., displayed via virtual or optical passthrough) can be partially or completely obscured by the virtual environment. In some embodiments, the amount of virtual environment displayed (e.g., the amount of physical environment not displayed) is based on the level of immersion of the virtual environment (e.g., relative to the representation of the physical environment). For example, increasing the immersion level optionally displays more virtual environment and replaces and / or obscures more of the physical environment, while decreasing the immersion level optionally displays less virtual environment and reveals portions of the physical environment that were not previously displayed and / or obscured. In some embodiments, at a certain level of immersion, one or more first background objects (e.g., in a representation of the physical environment) are visually less emphasized than one or more second background objects (e.g., dimmed, blurred, and / or displayed with increased transparency), and one or more third background objects are discontinued. In some embodiments, the immersion level includes the relevant degree to which the virtual content displayed by the computer system (e.g., a virtual environment and / or virtual content) obscures the background content surrounding / behind the virtual content (e.g., content other than the virtual environment and / or virtual content), and optionally includes the number of items of the background content displayed and / or the visual characteristics of the background content on which it is displayed (e.g., color, contrast, and / or opacity), the angular range of the virtual content displayed through the display-generating components (e.g., 60-degree content displayed at low immersion, 120-degree content displayed at medium immersion, or 180-degree content displayed at high immersion), and / or the percentage of the field of view displayed through the display-generating components consumed by the virtual content (e.g., 33% of the field of view consumed by the virtual content at low immersion, 66% of the field of view consumed by the virtual content at medium immersion, or 100% of the field of view consumed by the virtual content at high immersion). In some embodiments, the background content is included in the background on which the virtual content is displayed (e.g., background content within a representation of a physical environment).In some embodiments, background content includes a user interface (e.g., a user interface generated by a computer system corresponding to the application), virtual objects not associated with or included in the virtual environment and / or virtual content (e.g., files or representations of other users generated by the computer system), and / or real objects (e.g., pass-through objects representing real objects in the physical environment around the user, which are visible so as to be displayed through the display generation components and / or are visible through transparent or translucent components of the display generation components so as not to obscure / hinder their visibility through the display generation components by the computer system). In some embodiments, at low immersion levels (e.g., a first immersion level), the background, virtual and / or real objects are displayed in a non-obscuring manner. For example, a low-immersion virtual environment is optionally displayed simultaneously with the background content, and the background content is optionally displayed with full brightness, color, and / or translucency. In some embodiments, at higher immersion levels (e.g., a second immersion level higher than a first immersion level), backgrounds, virtual and / or real objects are displayed in an obscured manner (e.g., dimmed, blurred, or removed from the display). For example, a separate virtual environment at a high immersion level is displayed without simultaneously displaying background content (e.g., in full-screen or fully immersive mode). As another example, a virtual environment displayed at an intermediate immersion level is displayed simultaneously with dimmed, blurred, or otherwise de-emphasized background content. In some embodiments, the visual characteristics of background objects differ among them. For example, at a particular immersion level, one or more first background objects are visually de-emphasized more than one or more second background objects (e.g., dimmed, blurred, and / or displayed with increased transparency), and one or more third background objects are not displayed at all.In some embodiments, a null or zero level of immersion corresponds to the discontinuation of the display of the virtual environment, and instead, the representation of the physical environment is displayed (optionally together with one or more virtual objects such as applications, windows, or virtual three-dimensional objects) without the representation of the physical environment being obscured by the virtual environment. Adjusting the level of immersion using physical input elements provides a quick and efficient way to adjust immersion, improving the usability of the computer system and making the user-device interface more efficient.

[0095] Viewpoint-locked virtual objects: A virtual object is viewpoint-locked when the computer system displays the virtual object in the same location and / or position within the user's view, even if the user's view shifts (e.g., changes). In embodiments where the computer system is a head-mounted device, the user's view is locked in the forward direction of the user's head (e.g., the user's view is at least a portion of the user's field of vision when the user is looking straight ahead). Thus, the user's view remains fixed even if the user's gaze moves, without moving the user's head. In embodiments where the computer system has a display generation component (e.g., a display screen) that can be repositioned relative to the user's head, the user's view is the augmented reality view presented to the user on the display generation component of the computer system. For example, a viewpoint-locked virtual object displayed in the upper-left corner of the user's view when the user's view is in a first orientation (e.g., the user's head is facing north) will continue to be displayed in the upper-left corner of the user's view even if the user's view changes to a second orientation (e.g., the user's head is facing west). In other words, the location and / or position in which a viewpoint-locked virtual object is displayed from the user's viewpoint is independent of the user's position and / or orientation in the physical environment. In embodiments where the computer system is a head-mounted device, the user's viewpoint is locked to the orientation of the user's head, so that the virtual object is also referred to as a "head-locked virtual object."

[0096] Environment-Locked Virtual Objects: A virtual object is environment-locked (or "world-locked") when a computer system displays it at a location and / or position in the user's viewpoint that is based on (e.g., selected by reference to and / or fixed to) a location and / or object in a three-dimensional environment (e.g., a physical or virtual environment). As the user's viewpoint shifts, the location and / or object in the environment relative to the user's viewpoint changes, and as a result, the environment-locked virtual object will appear at a different location and / or position in the user's viewpoint. For example, an environment-locked virtual object locked to a tree directly in front of the user will appear at the center of the user's viewpoint. If the user's viewpoint shifts to the right (e.g., the user's head is turned to the right) and the tree becomes left-leaning in the user's viewpoint (e.g., the tree's position in the user's viewpoint shifts), the environment-locked virtual object locked to the tree will appear left-leaning in the user's viewpoint. In other words, the location and / or position in which an environment-locked virtual object is displayed in the user's viewpoint depends on the location and / or object's position and / or orientation in the environment to which the virtual object is locked. In some embodiments, the computer system uses a stationary reference frame (e.g., a fixed location in the physical environment and / or a coordinate system fixed to an object) to determine the position in which the environment-locked virtual object is displayed from the user's viewpoint. The environment-locked virtual object can be locked to a stationary part of the environment (e.g., a floor, wall, table, or other stationary object) or to a moving part of the environment (e.g., a vehicle, animal, person, or a representation of a part of the user's body that moves independently of the user's viewpoint, such as the user's hands, wrists, arms, or feet), so that the virtual object moves as the viewpoint or the part of the environment moves in order to maintain a fixed relationship between the virtual object and the part of the environment.

[0097] In some embodiments, an environment-locked or viewpoint-locked virtual object exhibits delayed tracking behavior, reducing or delaying its movement in response to the movement of a reference point that the virtual object is following. In some embodiments, when exhibiting delayed tracking behavior, the computer system detects movement of the reference point that the virtual object is following (e.g., a part of the environment, a viewpoint, or a point fixed to the viewpoint, such as a point between 5 and 300 cm from the viewpoint) and intentionally delays the movement of the virtual object. For example, when the reference point (e.g., a part of the environment or the viewpoint) moves at a first velocity, the virtual object is moved by the device so as to remain locked to the reference point, but at a second velocity slower than the first velocity (e.g., the virtual object begins to catch up to the reference point until the reference point stops or slows down). In some embodiments, when a virtual object exhibits delayed tracking behavior, the device ignores small movements of the reference point (e.g., ignoring movements of the reference point that are below a threshold movement amount, such as a movement of 0 to 5 degrees or a movement of 0 to 50 cm). For example, when the reference point (e.g., the part of the environment or viewpoint from which the virtual object is locked) moves by a first amount, the distance between the reference point and the virtual object increases (e.g., because the virtual object is displayed to maintain a fixed or substantially fixed position relative to a different viewpoint or part of the environment from which the virtual object is locked), and when the reference point (e.g., the part of the environment or viewpoint from which the virtual object is locked) moves by a second amount greater than the first amount, the distance between the reference point and the virtual object first increases (e.g., because the virtual object is displayed to maintain a fixed or substantially fixed position relative to a different viewpoint or part of the environment from which the virtual object is locked), and then decreases as the amount of movement of the reference point increases beyond a threshold (e.g., a "delayed tracking" threshold) as the virtual object is moved by the computer system to maintain a fixed or substantially fixed position relative to the reference point.In some embodiments, a virtual object that maintains a substantially fixed position with respect to a reference point includes the virtual object being displayed within a threshold distance (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 5, 15, 20, 50 cm) of the reference point in one or more dimensions (e.g., above / below, left / right, and / or forward / behind the position of the reference point).

[0098] Hardware: There are many different types of electronic systems that enable a person to perceive and / or interact with various XR environments. Examples include head-mounted systems, projection-based systems, head-up displays (HUDs), vehicle windshields with integrated display capabilities, windows with integrated display capabilities, displays formed as lenses designed to be positioned over a person's eyes (e.g., contact lenses), headphones / earphones, speaker arrays, input systems (e.g., wearable or handheld controllers with or without haptic feedback), smartphones, tablets, and desktop / laptop computers. A head-mounted system may include speakers and / or other audio output devices integrated into the head-mounted system to provide audio output. A head-mounted system may have one or more speakers and an integrated opaque display. Alternatively, a head-mounted system may be configured to accept an external opaque display (e.g., a smartphone). A head-mounted system may incorporate one or more imaging sensors for capturing images or videos of the physical environment and / or one or more microphones for capturing audio of the physical environment. The head-mounted system may have a transparent or translucent display instead of an opaque display. The transparent or translucent display may have a medium through which light representing an image is directed to the person's eye. The display can utilize digital light projection, OLED, LED, uLED, liquid crystal on silicon, laser scanning light source, or any combination of these technologies. The medium may be an optical waveguide, a holographic medium, an optical coupler, an optical reflector, or any combination thereof. In one embodiment, the transparent or translucent display may be configured to be selectively opaque. The projection-based system may employ retinal projection technology to project a graphical image onto the person's retina. The projection system may also be configured to project virtual objects into the physical environment, for example, as a hologram or onto a physical surface.In some embodiments, the controller 110 is configured to manage and coordinate the XR experience for the user. In some embodiments, the controller 110 includes a preferred combination of software, firmware, and / or hardware. The controller 110 is described in more detail below with reference to Figure 2. In some embodiments, the controller 110 is a computing device that is local or remote to the scene 105 (e.g., the physical environment). For example, the controller 110 is a local server located within the scene 105. In another example, the controller 110 is a remote server located outside the scene 105 (e.g., a cloud server, a central server, etc.). In some embodiments, the controller 110 is communicably coupled to a display generation component 120 (e.g., an HMD, display, projector, touchscreen, etc.) via one or more wired or wireless communication channels 144 (e.g., Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11x, IEEE 802.16x, IEEE 802.3x, etc.). In another example, the controller 110 is contained within a housing (e.g., a physical housing) of one or more of the display generation components 120 (e.g., a portable electronic device including a display and one or more processors), one or more of the input devices 125, one or more of the output devices 155, one or more of the sensors 190, and / or peripheral devices 195, or shares the same physical housing or support structure as one or more of the above.

[0099] In some embodiments, the display generation component 120 is configured to provide the user with an XR experience (e.g., at least the visual components of the XR experience). In some embodiments, the display generation component 120 includes a preferred combination of software, firmware, and / or hardware. The display generation component 120 is described in more detail below with reference to Figure 3. In some embodiments, the functions of the controller 110 are provided by and / or combined with the display generation component 120.

[0100] According to some embodiments, the display generation component 120 provides the user with an XR experience while the user is virtually and / or physically present in the scene 105.

[0101] In some embodiments, the display generation component is mounted on a part of the user's body (e.g., their head or hand). Thus, the display generation component 120 includes one or more XR displays provided for displaying XR content. For example, in various embodiments, the display generation component 120 surrounds the user's field of view. In some embodiments, the display generation component 120 is a handheld device (such as a smartphone or tablet) configured to present XR content, and the user holds the device, which has a display directed towards the user's field of view and a camera directed towards scene 105. In some embodiments, the handheld device is optionally placed in a housing mounted on the user's head. In some embodiments, the handheld device is optionally placed on a support in front of the user (e.g., a tripod). In some embodiments, the display generation component 120 is an XR chamber, housing, or room configured to present XR content when the user is not wearing or holding the display generation component 120. Many user interfaces described with reference to one type of hardware for displaying XR content (e.g., a handheld device or a device on a tripod) may be implemented on another type of hardware for displaying XR content (e.g., an HMD or other wearable computing device). For example, a user interface showing interaction with XR content triggered based on interaction occurring in the space in front of a handheld or tripod-mounted device may be implemented similarly to an HMD where the interaction occurs in the space in front of the HMD and the XR content response is displayed through the HMD. Similarly, a user interface showing interaction with XR content triggered based on the movement of a handheld or tripod-mounted device relative to a physical environment (e.g., Scene 105 or a part of the user's body (e.g., the user's eyes, head, or hands)) may be implemented similarly to an HMD where the movement is triggered by the movement of the HMD relative to a physical environment (e.g., Scene 105 or a part of the user's body (e.g., the user's eyes, head, or hands)).

[0102] Relevant features of the operating environment 100 are shown in Figures 1A to 1P, but those skilled in the art will understand from this disclosure that various other features have been omitted for brevity so as not to obscure more appropriate embodiments of the exemplary embodiments disclosed herein.

[0103] Figures 1A to 1P illustrate various examples of computer systems used to carry out the method and provide audio, visual, and / or haptic feedback as part of the user interface described herein. In some embodiments, the computer system optionally includes one or more display generating components (e.g., first and second display assemblies 1-120a, 1-120b and / or first and second optical modules 11.1.1-104a and 11.1.1-104b) for displaying to the user of the computer system a representation of virtual elements and / or a physical environment generated based on detected events and / or user input detected by the computer system. The user interface generated by the computer system is optionally corrected by one or more corrective lenses 11.3.2-216 (sometimes referred to as prescription lenses or non-prescription lenses) optionally detachably attached to one or more of the optical modules, to make the user interface easier to view for users who otherwise correct their vision using eyeglasses or contact lenses. Many of the user interfaces described herein show a single view of the user interface, but the user interface within the HMD may optionally be displayed using two optical modules (e.g., first and second display assemblies 1-120a, 1-120b and / or first and second optical modules 11.1.1-104a and 11.1.1-104b), one for the user's right eye and a different one for the user's left eye, with slightly different images presented to the two different eyes to produce a three-dimensional depth illusion, and the single view of the user interface is typically either the right-eye or left-eye view, and the depth effect is described in text or using other schematic diagrams or views.In some embodiments, the computer system includes one or more external displays (e.g., display assembly 1-108) for displaying status information of the computer system to the user of the computer system (when the computer system is not installed) and / or to other people near the computer system, which is optionally generated based on detected events and / or user input detected by the computer system. In some embodiments, the computer system includes one or more audio output components (e.g., electronic component 1-112) for generating audio feedback, which is optionally generated based on detected events and / or user input detected by the computer system. In some embodiments, the computer system includes one or more input devices for detecting inputs such as one or more sensors (e.g., sensor assembly 1-356 and / or one or more sensors in Figure 1I) for detecting information about the physical environment of a device that can be used (optionally in conjunction with one or more illuminators, such as the illuminator shown in Figure 1I) to generate a digital passthrough image, capture a visual medium (e.g., photograph and / or video) corresponding to a physical environment, or determine the orientation (e.g., position and / or orientation) of physical objects and / or surfaces in the physical environment, so that virtual objects can be positioned based on the detected orientation of physical objects and / or surfaces. In some embodiments, the computer system includes one or more input devices for detecting input, such as one or more sensors for detecting the position and / or movement of a hand (e.g., sensor assembly 1-356 and / or one or more sensors in Figure 1I), which may be used to determine when one or more air gestures were performed (optionally in conjunction with one or more illuminators, such as illuminator 6-124 shown in Figure 1I).In some embodiments, the computer system includes one or more input devices for detecting input, such as one or more sensors for detecting eye movement (e.g., eye-tracking and gaze-tracking sensors in Figure 1I), which may be used (optionally, in conjunction with one or more lights, such as lights 11.3.2-110 in Figure 1O) to determine attention or gaze position and / or gaze movement, which may be used to detect gaze-only input based on gaze movement and / or dwell time. Using the various sensor combinations described above, it is possible to determine the user's facial expressions and / or hand movements for use when generating the user's avatar or representation, such as a personified avatar or representation for use in a real-time communication session, the avatar having facial expressions, hand movements and / or body movements that are based on or similar to the detected facial expressions, hand movements and / or body movements of the user of the device. Eye-gaze and / or attention information is optionally combined with hand tracking information to determine interactions between the user and one or more user interfaces based on direct and / or indirect inputs such as air gestures or inputs using one or more hardware input devices, including buttons (e.g., first buttons 1-128, buttons 11.1.1-114, second buttons 1-132, and / or dials or buttons 1-328), knobs (e.g., first buttons 1-128, buttons 11.1.1-114, and / or dials or buttons 1-328), digital crowns (e.g., pressable, twistable, or rotatable first buttons 1-128, buttons 11.1.1-114, and / or dials or buttons 1-328), trackpads, touchscreens, keyboards, mice, and / or other input devices.One or more buttons (for example, the first buttons 1-128, buttons 11.1.1-114, the second button 1-132, and / or the dial or button 1-328) are optionally used to perform system actions such as re-centering content in a three-dimensional environment visible to the device user, displaying a home user interface for launching an application, starting a real-time communication session, or starting to display a virtual three-dimensional background. A knob or digital crown (e.g., a first button 1-128, button 11.1.1-114, and / or dial or button 1-328, which is pressable and twistable or rotatable) is optionally rotatable to adjust parameters of the visual content, such as the level of immersion of the virtual three-dimensional environment (e.g., the extent to which the virtual content occupies the user's viewport into the three-dimensional environment), or other parameters associated with the virtual content displayed via the three-dimensional environment and optical modules (e.g., first and second display assemblies 1-120a, 1-120b, and / or first and second optical modules 11.1.1-104a and 11.1.1-104b).

[0104] Figure 1B shows front, top, and perspective views of an example of a head-mountable display (HMD) device 1-100, which is worn by a user and configured to provide a virtual and augmented / mixed reality (VR / AR) experience. The HMD 1-100 may include a display unit 1-102 or assembly, an electronic strap assembly 1-104 connected to and extending from the display unit 1-102, and a band assembly 1-106 fixed to the electronic strap assembly 1-104 at either end. The electronic strap assembly 1-104 and the band 1-106 may be part of a retaining assembly configured to wrap around the user's head to hold the display unit 1-102 against the user's face.

[0105] In at least one example, the band assembly 1-106 may include a first band 1-116 configured to wrap around the back of the user's head and a second band 1-117 configured to extend over the top of the user's head. The second strap may extend between the first electronic strap 1-105a and the second electronic strap 1-105b of the electronic strap assembly 1-104, as shown in the illustration. The strap assembly 1-104 and the band assembly 1-106 may be part of a fastening mechanism that extends rearward from the display unit 1-102 and is configured to hold the display unit 1-102 against the user's face.

[0106] In at least one example, the fastening mechanism includes a first electronic strap 1-105a, which includes a first proximal end 1-134 coupled to a housing 1-150 of the display unit 1-102, for example, and a first distal end 1-136 opposite the first proximal end 1-134. The fastening mechanism may also include a second electronic strap 1-105b, which includes a second proximal end 1-138 coupled to the housing 1-150 of the display unit 1-102, and a second distal end 1-140 opposite the second proximal end 1-138. The fastening mechanism may also include a first band 1-116 having a first end 1-142 coupled to a first distal end 1-136 and a second end 1-144 coupled to a second distal end 1-140, and a second band 1-117 extending between the first electronic strap 1-105a and the second electronic strap 1-105b. The straps 1-105a and 1-105b and the band 1-116 may be connected via a connecting mechanism or assembly 1-114. In at least one example, the second band 1-117 includes a first end 1-146 coupled to a first electron strap 1-105a between a first proximal end 1-134 and a first distal end 1-136, and a second end 1-148 coupled to a second electron strap 1-105b between a second proximal end 1-138 and a second distal end 1-140.

[0107] In at least one example, the first and second electronic straps 1-105a-b include plastic, metal, or other structural material that forms the shape of substantially rigid straps 1-105a-b. In at least one example, the first and second bands 1-116, 1-117 are formed from an elastic flexible material, including woven fabric, rubber, etc. The first and second bands 1-116, 1-117 may be flexible to conform to the shape of the user's head when the HMD 1-100 is worn.

[0108] In at least one example, one or more of the first and second electronic straps 1-105a to b may define an internal strap volume and include one or more electronic components disposed within that internal strap volume. In one example, as shown in Figure 1B, the first electronic strap 1-105a may include electronic component 1-112. In one example, electronic component 1-112 may include a speaker. In another example, electronic component 1-112 may include a computing component such as a processor.

[0109] In at least one example, the housing 1-150 defines a first forward-facing opening 1-152. The front cover assembly 1-108 is positioned to block the first opening 1-152 from view when the HMD is assembled, so the forward-facing opening is labeled with a dotted line at 1-152 in Figure 1B. The housing 1-150 may also define a second rearward-facing opening 1-154. The housing 1-150 also defines an internal volume between the first opening 1-152 and the second opening 1-154. In at least one example, the HMD 1-100 includes a display assembly 1-108, which may include a front cover and display screen (shown in other figures) positioned within or across the front opening 1-152 to block the front opening 1-152. In at least one example, the display screen of display assembly 1-108 has a curvature configured to follow the curvature of the user's face, as well as the display assembly 1-108 as a whole. The display screen of display assembly 1-108 can be curved to complement the features of the user's face and the overall curvature from one side of the face to the other, for example, from left to right and / or from top to bottom when the display unit 1-102 is pressed.

[0110] In at least one example, the housing 1-150 may define a first opening 1-126 between a first opening 1-152 and a second opening 1-154, and a second opening 1-130 between the first opening 1-152 and the second opening 1-154. The HMD 1-100 may also include a first button 1-128 disposed in the first opening 1-126 and a second button 1-132 disposed in the second opening 1-130. The first and second buttons 1-128 and 1-132 may be pressable through their respective openings 1-126 and 1-130. In at least one example, the first button 1-126 and / or the second button 1-130 may be a twistable dial and a pressable button. In at least one example, the first button 1-128 is a pressable and twistable dial button, and the second button 1-132 is a pressable button.

[0111] Figure 1C shows a rear perspective view of the HMD1-100. The HMD1-100 may include an optical seal 1-110 that extends rearward from the housing 1-150 of the display unit 1-108 and around the outer periphery of the housing 1-150, as shown. The optical seal 1-110 may be configured to extend from the housing 1-150 to the user's face around the user's eyes to block external light from being visible. In one example, the HMD1-100 may include first and second display assemblies 1-120a, 1-120b that are disposed in or within a rearward-facing second opening 1-154 defined by the housing 1-150 and / or disposed within the internal volume of the housing 1-150 and configured to project light through the second opening 1-154. In at least one example, each display assembly 1-120a-b may include respective display screens 1-122a, 1-122b configured to project light backward through a second opening 1-154 toward the user's eyes.

[0112] In at least one example, referring to both Figures 1B and 1C, the display assembly 1-108 may be a forward-facing display assembly including a display screen configured to project light in a first forward direction, and the rear-facing display screens 1-122a-b may be configured to project light in a second rear direction opposite to the first direction. As described above, the light seal 1-110 may be configured to prevent external light from the HMD 1-100, including light projected by the forward-facing display screen of the display assembly 1-108 shown in the front perspective view of Figure 1B, from reaching the user's eyes. In at least one example, the HMD 1-100 may also include a curtain 1-124 that closes a second opening 1-154 between the housing 1-150 and the rear-facing display assemblies 1-120a-b. In at least one example, the curtain 1-124 may be elastic or at least partially elastic.

[0113] Any of the features, components, and / or parts shown in Figures 1B and 1C, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in any other example of devices, features, components, and parts shown in Figures 1D to 1F and described herein. Similarly, any of the features, components, and / or parts shown and described with reference to Figures 1D to 1F, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in the examples of devices, features, components, and parts shown in Figures 1B and 1C.

[0114] Figure 1D shows an exploded view of an example of HMD1-200, which includes various parts or components separated according to modularity and the selective coupling of their components. For example, HMD1-200 may include a band 1-216 that can be selectively coupled to first and second electronic straps 1-205a, 1-205b. The first fastening strap 1-205a may include a first electronic component 1-212a, and the second fastening strap 1-205b may include a second electronic component 1-212b. In at least one example, the first and second straps 1-205a and 1-205b may be detachably coupled to a display unit 1-202.

[0115] In addition, the HMD1-200 may include an optical seal 1-210 configured to be detachably coupled to a display unit 1-202. The HMD1-200 may also include a lens 1-218 that can be detachably coupled to the display unit 1-202, for example, on first and second display assemblies including a display screen. The lens 1-218 may include a customized prescription lens configured for vision correction. As stated, each component shown in the exploded view of Figure 1D and described above may be detachably coupled, mounted, remounted, and replaced in order to update or replace parts for different users. For example, bands such as band 1-216, optical seals such as optical seal 1-210, lenses such as lens 1-218, and electronic straps such as straps 1-205a~b may be replaced on a user-by-user basis so that these components are customized to fit and correspond to individual users of the HMD1-200.

[0116] Any of the features, components, and / or parts shown in Figure 1D, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in any other example of devices, features, components, and parts shown in Figures 1B, 1C, and 1E-1F and described herein. Similarly, any of the features, components, and / or parts shown and described with reference to Figures 1B, 1C, and 1E-1F, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in the examples of devices, features, components, and parts shown in Figure 1D.

[0117] Figure 1E shows an exploded view of an example of a display unit 1-306 of an HMD. Display unit 1-306 may include a front display assembly 1-308, a frame / housing assembly 1-350, and a curtain assembly 1-324. Display unit 1-306 may also include a sensor assembly 1-356, a logic board assembly 1-358, and a cooling assembly 1-360, disposed between the frame assembly 1-350 and the front display assembly 1-308. In at least one example, display unit 1-306 may also include a rear-facing display assembly 1-320, which includes first and second rear-facing display screens 1-322a, 1-322b, disposed between the frame 1-350 and the curtain assembly 1-324.

[0118] In at least one example, the display unit 1-306 may also include a motor assembly 1-362 configured as an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position of the display screens 1-322a-b of the display assembly 1-320 relative to the frame 1-350. In at least one example, the display assembly 1-320 is mechanically coupled to a motor assembly 1-362 with at least one motor for each display screen 1-322a-b, so that the motors can translate the display screens 1-322a-b to match the interpupillary distance of the user's eyes.

[0119] In at least one example, the display unit 1-306 may include a dial or button 1-328 that is pressable relative to the frame 1-350 and accessible to the user outside the frame 1-350. The button 1-328 may be electronically connected to the motor assembly 1-362 via a controller so that the user can operate the button 1-328 to cause the motors of the motor assembly 1-362 to adjust the position of the display screens 1-322a-b.

[0120] Any of the features, components, and / or parts shown in Figure 1E, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in any other example of devices, features, components, and parts shown in Figures 1B, 1D, and 1F and described herein. Similarly, any of the features, components, and / or parts shown and described with reference to Figures 1B, 1D, and 1F, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in the example of devices, features, components, and parts shown in Figure 1E.

[0121] Figure 1F shows an exploded view of another example of a display unit 1-406 of an HMD device similar to other HMD devices described herein. Display unit 1-406 may include a forward display assembly 1-402, a sensor assembly 1-456, a logic board assembly 1-458, a cooling assembly 1-460, a frame assembly 1-450, a rear-facing display assembly 1-421, and a curtain assembly 1-424. Display unit 1-406 may also include a motor assembly 1-462 for adjusting the positions of the first and second display subassemblies 1-420a, 1-420b of the rear-facing display assembly 1-421, which include the first and second display screens, respectively, for interpupillary adjustment, as described above.

[0122] Various components, systems, and assemblies shown in the exploded view of Figure 1F are described in more detail herein with reference to Figures 1B to 1E and subsequent figures referenced herein. Display units 1-406 shown in Figure 1F may be assembled and integrated with fastening mechanisms shown in Figures 1B to 1E, which include other components such as electronic straps, bands, and optical seals, and connecting assemblies.

[0123] Any of the features, components, and / or parts shown in Figure 1F, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in any other example of devices, features, components, and parts shown in Figures 1B to 1E and described herein. Similarly, any of the features, components, and / or parts shown and described with reference to Figures 1B to 1E, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in the examples of devices, features, components, and parts shown in Figure 1F.

[0124] Figure 1G shows a perspective exploded view of a front cover assembly 3-100 of an HMD device described herein, for example, front cover assembly 3-1 of the HMD 3-100 shown in Figure 1G, or any other HMD device illustrated and described herein. The front cover assembly 3-100 shown in Figure 1B may include a transparent or translucent cover 3-102, a shroud 3-104 (or "canopy"), an adhesive layer 3-106, a display assembly 3-108 including a lenticular lens panel or array 3-110, and a structural trim 3-112. The adhesive layer 3-106 can fasten the shroud 3-104 and / or the transparent cover 3-102 to the display assembly 3-108 and / or the trim 3-112. The trim 3-112 can fasten various components of the front cover assembly 3-100 to the frame or chassis of the HMD device.

[0125] In at least one example, as shown in Figure 1G, a display assembly 3-108 including a transparent cover 3-102, a shroud 3-104, and a lenticular lens array 3-110 can be curved to adapt to the curvature of the user's face. The transparent cover 3-102 and shroud 3-104 can be curved in two or three dimensions, for example, curving perpendicularly in the Z direction inside and outside the ZX plane, and curving horizontally in the X direction inside and outside the ZX plane. In at least one example, the display assembly 3-108 may include a display panel having a lenticular lens array 3-110, as well as pixels configured to project light through the shroud 3-104 and the transparent cover 3-102. The display assembly 3-108 can be curved in at least one direction, for example, horizontally, to adapt to the curvature of the user's face from one side (e.g., left side) to the other side (e.g., right side). In at least one example, as shown and described in more detail in subsequent figures, each layer or component of the display assembly 3-108, which may include a lenticular lens array 3-110 and a display layer, can be curved horizontally, similarly or concentrically, to adapt to the curvature of the user's face.

[0126] In at least one example, the shroud 3-104 may include a transparent or translucent material from which the display assembly 3-108 projects light. In one example, the shroud 3-104 may include one or more opaque portions, such as opaque ink-printed portions or other opaque film portions, on the rear surface of the shroud 3-104. The rear surface may be the surface of the shroud 3-104 that faces the user's eyes when the HMD device is worn. In at least one example, the opaque portions may be on the front surface of the shroud 3-104 opposite the rear surface. In at least one example, one or more opaque portions of the shroud 3-104 may include perimeter portions that visually conceal any components around the perimeter of the display screen of the display assembly 3-108. In this way, the opaque portions of the shroud conceal any other components, including electronic components, structural components, etc., of the HMD device that would otherwise be visible through the transparent or translucent cover 3-102 and / or the shroud 3-104.

[0127] In at least one example, the shroud 3-104 may define one or more aperture transparent portions 3-120 through which a sensor can send and receive signals. In one example, portion 3-120 is an aperture through which a sensor can extend or send and receive signals. In one example, portion 3-120 is a transparent portion, or a portion more transparent than the translucent or opaque portion surrounding the shroud, through which the sensor can send and receive signals through the shroud and through the transparent cover 3-102. In one example, the sensor may include a camera, an IR sensor, a LUX sensor, or any other visual or non-visual environment sensor for the HMD device.

[0128] Any of the features, components, and / or parts shown in Figure 1G, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in any other example of devices, features, components, and parts described herein. Similarly, any of the features, components, and / or parts shown and described herein, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in the example of devices, features, components, and parts shown in Figure 1G.

[0129] Figure 1H shows an exploded view of an example of HMD device 6-100. HMD device 6-100 may include a sensor array or system 6-102 which includes one or more sensors, cameras, projectors, etc., attached to one or more components of HMD 6-100. In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include a bracket 1-338 to which one or more sensors of the sensor system 6-102 can be fixed / attached.

[0130] Figure 1I shows a portion of the HMD device 6-100, including the front transparent cover 6-104 and the sensor system 6-102. The sensor system 6-102 may include multiple different sensors, emitters, and receivers, including a camera, IR sensor, and projector. The transparent cover 6-104 is shown in front of the sensor system 6-102 to show the relative positions of the various sensors and emitters and the orientation of each sensor / emitter in the system 6-102. As used herein, “lateral,” “side,” “lateral,” “horizontal,” and other similar terms refer to orientation or direction as indicated by the X-axis shown in Figure 1J. Terms such as “vertical,” “up,” “down,” and similar terms refer to orientation or direction as indicated by the Z-axis shown in Figure 1J. Terms such as “forward,” “backward,” “front,” “rear,” and similar terms refer to orientation or direction as indicated by the Y-axis shown in Figure 1J.

[0131] In at least one example, a transparent cover 6-104 can define the outer front surface of the HMD device 6-100, and a sensor system 6-102, including various sensors and their components, can be positioned behind the cover 6-104 in the Y-axis / direction. The cover 6-104 may be transparent or translucent to allow both the light detected by the sensor system 6-102 and the light emitted thereby to pass through the cover 6-104.

[0132] As described elsewhere in this specification, the HMD device 6-100 may include one or more controllers, including processors, for electrically coupling the various sensors and emitters of the sensor system 6-102 to one or more motherboards, processing units, and other electronic devices such as display screens. In addition, as will be shown in more detail below with reference to other figures, the various sensors, emitters, and other components of the sensor system 6-102 may be coupled to various structural frame members, brackets, etc. of the HMD device 6-100, which are not shown in Figure 1I. Figure 1I shows components of the sensor system 6-102 that are not attached to and electrically coupled from other components, for the sake of clarity as an example.

[0133] In at least one example, the device may include one or more controllers having processors configured to execute instructions stored on memory components electrically coupled to the processors. The instructions may include, or be executed by, one or more algorithms for self-correcting the angles and positions of various cameras described herein over time with use as the initial position, angle, or orientation of the cameras is impacted or deformed due to an unintended fall event or other event.

[0134] In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include one or more scene cameras 6-106. System 6-102 may include two scene cameras 6-106 positioned on either side of the bridge or arch of the HMD device 6-100, such that each of the two cameras 6-102 roughly corresponds to the positions of the user's left and right eyes behind the cover 6-103. In at least one example, the scene cameras 6-106 are generally oriented forward in the Y direction to capture images in front of the user while the HMD 6-100 is in use. In at least one example, the scene cameras are color cameras and provide images and content for MR video passthrough to a display screen facing the user's eyes when the HMD device 6-100 is in use. The scene cameras 6-106 can also be used for environment and object reconstruction.

[0135] In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include a first depth sensor 6-108 that is generally oriented forward in the Y direction. In at least one example, the first depth sensor 6-108 can be used for reconstructing the environment and objects, as well as tracking the user's hands and body. In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include a second depth sensor 6-110 that is centrally positioned along the width of the HMD device 6-100 (for example, along the X axis). For example, the second depth sensor 6-110 can be positioned to align with the central bridge or feature above the user's nose when the HMD 6-100 is worn. In at least one example, the second depth sensor 6-110 can be used for reconstructing the environment and objects, as well as tracking the hands and body. In at least one example, the second depth sensor may include a LIDAR sensor.

[0136] In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include a generally forward-facing depth projector 6-112 to project electromagnetic waves, for example, in the form of a predetermined pattern of light dots, into and within the field of view of the user and / or scene camera 6-106, or into and within the field of view including and beyond the field of view of the user and / or scene camera 6-106. In at least one example, the depth projector may project electromagnetic waves of light in the form of a dot light pattern that is reflected from objects and returned to the aforementioned depth sensors, including depth sensors 6-108, 6-110. In at least one example, the depth projector 6-112 may be used for environment and object reconstruction and hand and body tracking.

[0137] In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include a downward-facing camera 6-114 having a field of view generally directed downward relative to the HMD device 6-100 in the Z-axis. In at least one example, the downward-facing camera 6-114 may be positioned on the left and right sides of the HMD device 6-100 as shown in the figure and may be used for hand and body tracking, headset tracking, and face avatar detection and creation in order to display a user avatar on the forward-facing display screen of the HMD device 6-100 as described elsewhere in this specification. The downward-facing camera 6-114 may be used to capture the facial expressions and movements of the user below the HMD device 6-100, including, for example, the cheeks, mouth, and chin.

[0138] In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include a jaw camera 6-116. In at least one example, the jaw camera 6-116 may be positioned on the left and right sides of the HMD device 6-100 as shown in the figure and may be used for hand and body tracking, headset tracking, and face avatar detection and creation in order to display a user avatar on the forward-facing display screen of the HMD device 6-100 as described elsewhere in this specification. The jaw camera 6-116 may be used to capture the user's facial expressions and movements below the HMD device 6-100, including, for example, the user's jaw, cheeks, mouth, and chin. Regarding hand and body tracking, headset tracking, and face avatar,

[0139] In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include a side camera 6-118. The side camera 6-118 may be oriented to capture left and right side views in the X-axis or direction relative to the HMD device 6-100. In at least one example, the side camera 6-118 may be used for hand and body tracking, headset tracking, and detection and reproduction of a facial avatar.

[0140] In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include multiple eye-tracking and gaze-tracking sensors for determining the user's eye identification information, status, and gaze direction during and / or before use. In at least one example, the eye / gaze-tracking sensor may include nasal eye cameras 6-120 positioned on either side of the user's nose and adjacent to the user's nose when the HMD device 6-100 is worn. The eye / gaze sensor may also include lower eye cameras 6-122 positioned below each user's eye for capturing images of the eye for face avatar detection and creation, gaze tracking, and iris recognition functions.

[0141] In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 includes an infrared illuminator 6-124 directed outward from the HMD device 6-100, which can illuminate the external environment and any objects within it with IR light for IR detection by one or more IR sensors of the sensor system 6-102. In at least one example, the sensor system 6-102 may include a flicker sensor 6-126 and an ambient light sensor 6-128. In at least one example, the flicker sensor 6-126 may detect the overhead light refresh rate to avoid display flicker. In one example, the infrared illuminator 6-124 may include a light-emitting diode and can be used in low-light environments, in particular, to illuminate the user's hand and other objects with low light for detection by the infrared sensors of the sensor system 6-102.

[0142] In at least one example, multiple sensors, including a scene camera 6-106, a downward-facing camera 6-114, a jaw camera 6-116, a side camera 6-118, a depth projector 6-112, and depth sensors 6-108 and 6-110, can be used in combination with an electrically coupled controller to combine depth data with camera data for hand tracking and sizing, for better hand tracking and object recognition and tracking capabilities of the HMD device 6-100. In at least one example, the downward-facing camera 6-114, jaw camera 6-116, and side camera 6-118 described above and shown in Figure 1I may be wide-angle cameras capable of operating in the visible and infrared spectra. In at least one example, these cameras 6-114, 6-116, and 6-118 may operate with monochrome light detection only to simplify image processing and increase sensitivity.

[0143] Any of the features, components, and / or parts shown in Figure 1I, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in any other example of devices, features, components, and parts shown in Figures 1J to 1L and described herein. Similarly, any of the features, components, and / or parts shown and described with reference to Figures 1J to 1L, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in the examples of devices, features, components, and parts shown in Figure 1I.

[0144] Figure 1J shows a downward perspective view of an example of the HMD6-200, including a cover or shroud 6-204 fixed to the frame 6-230. In at least one example, the sensor 6-203 of the sensor system 6-202 may be positioned around the periphery of the HDM6-200 such that the sensor 6-203 is positioned outward around the periphery of the display area or area 6-232 so as not to obstruct the view of the displayed light. In at least one example, the sensor may be positioned behind the shroud 6-204 and aligned with the transparent portion of the shroud to allow the sensor and projector to pass light back and forth through the shroud 6-204. In at least one example, opaque ink or other opaque material or film / layer can be placed on the shroud 6-204 around the display area 6-232 to conceal components of the HMD 6-200 outside the display area 6-232 other than the transparent portion defined by the opaque portion, through which sensors and projectors transmit and receive light and electromagnetic signals during operation. In at least one example, the shroud 6-204 allows light to pass through from the display (e.g., within the display area 6-232) but not radially outward from the display area around the periphery of the display and the shroud 6-204.

[0145] In some examples, the shroud 6-204 includes a transparent portion 6-205 and an opaque portion 6-207, as described above and elsewhere in this specification. In at least one example, the opaque portion 6-207 of the shroud 6-204 can define one or more transparent regions 6-209 from which sensors 6-203 of the sensor system 6-202 can send and receive signals. In the illustrated example, the sensor 6-203 of the sensor system 6-202, which transmits and receives signals through the shroud 6-204, or more specifically through the transparent area 6-209 of (or defined by) the opaque portion 6-207 of the shroud 6-204, may include the same or similar sensors as those shown in the example in Figure 1I, e.g., depth sensors 6-108 and 6-110, depth projector 6-112, first and second scene cameras 6-106, first and second downward-facing cameras 6-114, first and second side cameras 6-118, and first and second infrared illuminators 6-124. These sensors are also shown in the examples in Figures 1K and 1L. Other sensors, sensor types, number of sensors, and their relative positions may be included in one or more other examples of the HMD.

[0146] Any of the features, components, and / or parts shown in Figure 1J, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in any other example of devices, features, components, and parts shown in Figures 1I and 1K-1L and described herein. Similarly, any of the features, components, and / or parts shown and described with reference to Figures 1I and 1K-1L, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in the examples of devices, features, components, and parts shown in Figure 1J.

[0147] Figure 1K shows a partial front view of an example of an HMD device 6-300, including a display 6-334, brackets 6-336 and 6-338, and a frame or housing 6-330. The example shown in Figure 1K does not include a front cover or shroud to show brackets 6-336 and 6-338. For example, the shroud 6-204 shown in Figure 1J includes an opaque portion 6-207 that visually covers / obscures the view of anything outside (e.g., radially / circumferentially outward) of the display / display area 6-334, including sensors 6-303 and brackets 6-338.

[0148] In at least one example, various sensors of sensor system 6-302 are coupled to brackets 6-336, 6-338. In at least one example, scene cameras 6-306 have tight tolerances for angles relative to each other. For example, the tolerance for the mounting angle between two scene cameras 6-306 may be 0.5 degrees or less, e.g., 0.3 degrees or less. To achieve and maintain such tight tolerances, in one example, scene cameras 6-306 can be mounted to bracket 6-338 rather than to the shroud. The bracket may include a cantilever arm to which scene cameras 6-306 and other sensors of sensor system 6-302 can be mounted, such that their position and orientation remain undeformed in the event of a user-induced drop event resulting in any deformation of the other brackets 6-226, housing 6-330, and / or shroud.

[0149] Any of the features, components, and / or parts shown in Figure 1K, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in any other example of devices, features, components, and parts shown in Figures 1I, 1J, and 1L and described herein. Similarly, any of the features, components, and / or parts shown and described with reference to Figures 1I, 1J, and 1L, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in the examples of devices, features, components, and parts shown in Figure 1K.

[0150] Figure 1L shows a bottom view of an example of the HMD 6-400, including the front display / cover assembly 6-404 and the sensor system 6-402. The sensor system 6-402 may be similar to other sensor systems described above and elsewhere in this specification, including referring to Figures 1I to 1K. In at least one example, the jaw camera 6-416 may be oriented downward to capture an image of the user's lower facial features. In one example, the jaw camera 6-416 may be directly coupled to the frame or housing 6-430, or to one or more internal brackets directly coupled to the illustrated frame or housing 6-430. The frame or housing 6-430 may include one or more openings / applications 6-415 through which the jaw camera 6-416 can send and receive signals.

[0151] Any of the features, components, and / or parts shown in Figure 1L, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in any other example of devices, features, components, and parts shown in Figures 1I to 1K and described herein. Similarly, any of the features, components, and / or parts shown and described with reference to Figures 1I to 1K, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in the examples of devices, features, components, and parts shown in Figure 1L.

[0152] Figure 1M shows a rear perspective view of the interpupillary distance (IPD) adjustment system 11.1.1-102, which includes first and second optical modules 11.1.1-104a-b that are slidably engaged / coupled to the respective guide rods 11.1.1-108a-b and motors 11.1.1-110a-b of the left and right adjustment subsystems 11.1.1-106a-b. The IPD adjustment system 11.1.1-102 may include buttons 11.1.1-114 that are coupled to the bracket 11.1.1-112 and communicate electrically with the motors 11.1.1-110a-b. In at least one example, buttons 11.1.1-114 can electrically communicate with the first and second motors 11.1.1-110a~b via a processor or other circuit component to activate the first and second motors 11.1.1-110a~b and change the positions of the first and second optical modules 11.1.1-104a~b relative to each other.

[0153] In at least one example, the first and second optical modules 11.1.1-104a~b may include respective display screens configured to project light toward the user's eyes when the HMD 11.1.1-100 is worn. In at least one example, the user can operate (e.g., press and / or rotate) the button 11.1.1-114 to activate the position adjustment of the optical modules 11.1.1-104a~b to match the interpupillary distance of the user's eyes. The optical modules 11.1.1-104a~b may also include one or more cameras or other sensors / sensor systems for imaging and measuring the user's IPD so that the optical modules 11.1.1-104a~b can be adjusted to match the IPD.

[0154] In one example, the user can operate buttons 11.1.1-114 to trigger automatic position adjustment of the first and second optical modules 11.1.1-104a~b. In another example, the user can operate buttons 11.1.1-114 to trigger manual adjustment, for example, by rotating buttons 11.1.1-114 in one or the other direction, so that the optical modules 11.1.1-104a~b move further away or closer until the user visually matches their IPD. In another example, the manual adjustment is communicated electronically via one or more circuits, and power for the movement of the optical modules 11.1.1-104a~b via motors 11.1.1-110a~b is provided by a power supply. In yet another example, the adjustment and movement of the optical modules 11.1.1-104a~b via the operation of buttons 11.1.1-114 is mechanically actuated via the movement of buttons 11.1.1-114.

[0155] Any of the features, components, and / or parts shown in Figure 1M, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in any other example of devices, features, components, and parts shown in any other figures shown and described herein. The same applies to any of the features, components, and / or parts shown in Figure 1M, including their arrangement and configuration, which may be shown and described, individually or in any combination, with reference to any other figures shown and described herein.

[0156] Figure 1N shows a partial front perspective view of the HMD 11.1.2-100, including an outer structural frame 11.1.2-102 and an inner or intermediate structural frame 11.1.2-104 that define the first and second openings 11.1.2-106a and 11.1.2-106b. The views of the openings 11.1.2-106a and 11.1.2-106a and 11.1.2-106b may be obstructed by one or more other components of the HMD 11.1.2-100 coupled to the inner frame 11.1.2-104 and / or the outer frame 11.1.2-102, as shown in the figure; therefore, the openings 11.1.2-106a and 11.1.2-106b are indicated by dotted lines in Figure 1N. In at least one example, the HMD 11.1.2-100 may include a first mounting bracket 11.1.2-108 coupled to the inner frame 11.1.2-104. In at least one example, the mounting bracket 11.1.2-108 is coupled to the inner frame 11.1.2-104 between the first and second openings 11.1.2-106a and 11.1.2-106b.

[0157] The mounting bracket 11.1.2-108 may include an intermediate or central portion 11.1.2-109 coupled to the inner frame 11.1.2-104. In some examples, the intermediate or central portion 11.1.2-109 may not be the geometric middle or center of the bracket 11.1.2-108. Rather, the intermediate / central portion 11.1.2-109 may be positioned between a first cantilever extension arm and a second cantilever extension arm extending away from the intermediate portion 11.1.2-109. In at least one example, the mounting bracket 108 includes a first cantilever arm 11.1.2-112 and a second cantilever arm 11.1.2-114 that extend away from the intermediate portion 11.1.2-109 of the mounting bracket 11.1.2-108 coupled to the inner frame 11.1.2-104.

[0158] As shown in Figure 1N, the outer frame 11.1.2-102 may be defined with a curved shape on its underside to accommodate the user's nose when the user wears the HMD 11.1.2-100. The curved shape may be referred to as the nose bridge 11.1.2-111 and may be located in the center of the underside of the HMD 11.1.2-100 as shown. In at least one example, the mounting bracket 11.1.2-108 may be connected to the inner frame 11.1.2-102 between openings 11.1.2-106a-b, such that the cantilever arms 11.1.2-112, 11.1.2-114 extend downward and laterally outward away from the intermediate portion 11.1.2-109 to complement the shape of the nose bridge 11.1.2-111 of the outer frame 11.1.2-104. In this way, the mounting bracket 11.1.2-108 is configured to accommodate the user's nose as described above. The shape of the nose bridge 11.1.2-111 accommodates the nose in such a way that the nose bridge 11.1.2-111 provides a curvature that curves above, over, and around the nose, along with the user's nose, for comfort and fit.

[0159] The first cantilever arm 11.1.2-112 may extend away from the intermediate portion 11.1.2-109 of the mounting bracket 11.1.2-108 in a first direction, and the second cantilever arm 11.1.2-114 may extend away from the intermediate portion 11.1.2-109 of the mounting bracket 11.1.2-10 in a second direction opposite to the first direction. The first and second cantilever arms 11.1.2-112 and 11.1.2-114 are referred to as "cantilevered" or "cantilevered" arms because each arm 11.1.2-112 and 11.1.2-114 includes a distal free end 11.1.2-116 and 11.1.2-118 that is not fixed to the inner and outer frames 11.1.2-102 and 11.1.2-104, respectively. In this way, arms 11.1.2-112 and 11.1.2-114 are cantilevered from an intermediate section 11.1.2-109 that can be connected to the inner frame 11.1.2-104, with their distal ends 11.1.2-102 and 11.1.2-104 not attached.

[0160] In at least one example, the HMD 11.1.2-100 may include one or more components coupled to the mounting bracket 11.1.2-108. In one example, the components include a plurality of sensors 11.1.2-110a~f. Each of the plurality of sensors 11.1.2-110a~f may include various types of sensors, such as cameras and IR sensors. In some examples, one or more of the sensors 11.1.2-110a~f may be used for object recognition in three-dimensional space, such that it is important to maintain the precise relative positions of two or more of the plurality of sensors 11.1.2-110a~f. The cantilevered nature of the mounting bracket 11.1.2-108 can protect the sensors 11.1.2-110a~f from damage and displacement in the event of an accidental drop by the user. Since sensors 11.1.2-110a~f are cantilevered on arms 11.1.2-112 and 11.1.2-114 of mounting bracket 11.1.2-108, stresses and deformations in the inner and / or outer frames 11.1.2-104 and 11.1.2-102 are not transmitted to the cantilever arms 11.1.2-112 and 11.1.2-114, and therefore do not affect the relative positioning of sensors 11.1.2-110a~f coupled to / mounted on mounting bracket 11.1.2-108.

[0161] Any of the features, components, and / or parts shown in Figure 1N, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in any other example of devices, features, and components described herein. Similarly, any of the features, components, and / or parts shown and described herein, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in the examples of devices, features, components, and components shown in Figure 1N.

[0162] Figure 10 shows an example of an optical module 11.3.2-100 for use in electronic devices such as HMDs, including the HDM devices described herein. As shown in one or more other examples described herein, the optical module 11.3.2-100 may be one of two optical modules in an HMD, each optical module being positioned to project light toward the user's eye. In this way, the first optical module can project light toward the user's first eye via a display screen, and the second optical module of the same device can project light toward the user's second eye via another display screen.

[0163] In at least one example, the optical module 11.3.2-100 may include an optical frame or housing 11.3.2-102, which may also be referred to as a barrel or optical module barrel. The optical module 11.3.2-100 may also include a display 11.3.2-104, which includes one or more display screens, coupled to the housing 11.3.2-102. The display 11.3.2-104 may be coupled to the housing 11.3.2-102 such that the display 11.3.2-104 is configured to project light toward the user's eyes when the HMD, of which the display module 11.3.2-100 is part, is worn in use. In at least one example, the housing 11.3.2-102 may surround the display 11.3.2-104 and provide a coupling mechanism for coupling other components of the optical module described herein.

[0164] In one example, the optical module 11.3.2-100 may include one or more cameras 11.3.2-106 coupled to the housing 11.3.2-102. The cameras 11.3.2-106 may be positioned relative to the display 11.3.2-104 and the housing 11.3.2-102 so that the cameras 11.3.2-106 are configured to capture one or more images of the user's eyes while in use. In at least one example, the optical module 11.3.2-100 may also include a light strip 11.3.2-108 surrounding the display 11.3.2-104. In one example, the light strip 11.3.2-108 is positioned between the display 11.3.2-104 and the cameras 11.3.2-106. The light strip 11.3.2-108 may include multiple lights 11.3.2-110. Multiple lights may include one or more light-emitting diodes (LEDs) or other lights configured to project light toward the user's eyes when the HMD is worn. Individual lights 11.3.2-110 of the light strip 11.3.2-108 can be spaced apart around the strip 11.3.2-108 and thus can be spaced uniformly or unevenly around the display 11.3.2-104 at various locations on the strip 11.3.2-108 and around the display 11.3.2-104.

[0165] In at least one example, the housing 11.3.2-102 defines a viewing aperture 11.3.2-101 through which the user can see the display 11.3.2-104 when the HMD device is worn. In at least one example, LEDs are configured and positioned to emit light over the user's eyes through the viewing aperture 11.3.2-101. In one example, a camera 11.3.2-106 is configured to capture one or more images of the user's eyes through the viewing aperture 11.3.2-101.

[0166] As described above, each of the components and features of the optical module 11.3.2-100 shown in Figure 1O can be replicated in another (e.g., a second) optical module arranged with the HMD to interact with the user's other eye (e.g., project light and capture images).

[0167] Any of the features, components, and / or parts shown in Figure 1O, including their arrangement and configuration, either individually or in any combination, may be included in any other example of devices, features, components, and parts shown in Figure 1P or otherwise described herein. Similarly, any of the features, components, and / or parts illustrated and described with reference to Figure 1P or otherwise described herein, including their arrangement and configuration, either individually or in any combination, may be included in the examples of devices, features, components, and parts shown in Figure 1O.

[0168] Figure 1P shows a cross-sectional view of an example of an optical module 11.3.2-200, which includes a housing 11.3.2-202, a display assembly 11.3.2-204 coupled to the housing 11.3.2-202, and a lens 11.3.2-216 coupled to the housing 11.3.2-202. In at least one example, the housing 11.3.2-202 defines a first aperture or channel 11.3.2-212 and a second aperture or channel 11.3.2-214. Channels 11.3.2-212 and 11.3.2-214 may be configured to slidably engage with the respective rails or guide rods of the HMD device to allow the optical module 11.3.2-200 to adjust its position relative to the user's eyes to match the user's interpupillary distance (IPD). The housing 11.3.2-202 can slidably engage with the guide rod to fix the optical module 11.3.2-200 in place within the HMD.

[0169] In at least one example, the optical module 11.3.2-200 may also include a lens 11.3.2-216 coupled to the housing 11.3.2-202 and positioned between the display assembly 11.3.2-204 and the user's eyes when the HMD is worn. The lens 11.3.2-216 may be configured to direct light from the display assembly 11.3.2-204 to the user's eyes. In at least one example, the lens 11.3.2-216 may be part of a lens assembly that includes a corrective lens detachably attached to the optical module 11.3.2-200. In at least one example, lens 11.3.2-216 is positioned above light strip 11.3.2-208 and one or more eye-tracking cameras 11.3.2-206, so that the cameras 11.3.2-206 are configured to capture an image of the user's eye through lens 11.3.2-216, and light strip 11.3.2-208 includes a light configured to project light onto the user's eye through lens 11.3.2-216 during use.

[0170] Any of the features, components, and / or parts shown in Figure 1P, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in any other example of devices, features, components, and parts described herein. Similarly, any of the features, components, and / or parts shown and described herein, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included, individually or in any combination, in the examples of devices, features, components, and parts shown in Figure 1P.

[0171] Figure 2 is a block diagram of an example of the controller 110 according to several embodiments. While certain features are shown, those skilled in the art will understand from this disclosure that various other features have been omitted for brevity so as not to obscure more suitable embodiments of the embodiments disclosed herein. Therefore, as a non-limiting example, in some embodiments, the controller 110 includes one or more processing units 202 (e.g., a microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), graphics processing unit (GPU), central processing unit (CPU), processing core, etc.), one or more input / output (I / O) devices 206, one or more communication interfaces 208 (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB), FireWire, Thunderbolt, IEEE 802.3x, IEEE 802.11x, IEEE 802.16x, Global Mobile Communication System (GSM), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Global Positioning System (GPS), Infrared (IR), Bluetooth, ZiGBEE, or similar types of interfaces), one or more programming (e.g., I / O) interfaces 210, memory 220, and one or more communication buses 204 for interconnecting these and various other components.

[0172] In some embodiments, one or more communication buses 204 include a circuit configuration for interconnecting and controlling communication between system components. In some embodiments, one or more I / O devices 206 include at least one of the following: a keyboard, mouse, touchpad, joystick, one or more microphones, one or more speakers, one or more image sensors, one or more displays, etc.

[0173] Memory 220 includes high-speed random-access memory such as dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), static random-access memory (SRAM), double-data-rate random-access memory (DDRRAM), or other random-access solid-state memory devices. In some embodiments, memory 220 includes non-volatile memory such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state storage devices. Memory 220 optionally includes one or more storage devices located remotely from one or more processing units 202. Memory 220 includes a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium. In some embodiments, memory 220, or the non-temporary computer-readable storage medium of memory 220, stores the following programs, modules, and data structures, or subsets thereof, including an optional operating system 230 and XR experience module 240.

[0174] The operating system 230 handles various basic system services and includes instructions for performing hardware-dependent tasks. In some embodiments, the XR experience module 240 is configured to manage and coordinate one or more XR experiences for one or more users (e.g., a single XR experience for one or more users, or multiple XR experiences for each group of one or more users). To this end, in various embodiments, the XR experience module 240 includes a data acquisition unit 241, a tracking unit 242, a coordination unit 246, and a data transmission unit 248.

[0175] In some embodiments, the data acquisition unit 241 is configured to acquire data (e.g., presentation data, interaction data, sensor data, location data, etc.) from at least the display generation component 120 of Figure 1A, and optionally from one or more of the input device 125, output device 155, sensor 190, and / or peripheral device 195. For this purpose, in various embodiments, the data acquisition unit 241 includes instructions and / or logic for that purpose, as well as heuristics and metadata for that purpose.

[0176] In some embodiments, the tracking unit 242 is configured to map scene 105 and track the position / location of at least the display generation component 120 relative to scene 105 in Figure 1A, and optionally to one or more of the input device 125, output device 155, sensor 190, and / or peripheral device 195. To this end, in various embodiments, the tracking unit 242 includes instructions and / or logic for this purpose, as well as heuristics and metadata for this purpose. In some embodiments, the tracking unit 242 includes a hand tracking unit 244 and / or an eye tracking unit 243. In some embodiments, the hand tracking unit 244 is configured to track the position / location of one or more parts of the user's hand, and / or the movement of one or more parts of the user's hand, relative to the display generation component 120 and / or a coordinate system defined relative to the user's hand, relative to scene 105 in Figure 1A. The hand tracking unit 244 is described in more detail below with respect to Figure 4. In some embodiments, the eye-tracking unit 243 is configured to track the position and movement of the user's gaze (or, more broadly, the user's eyes, face, or head) relative to the scene 105 (e.g., the physical environment and / or the user (e.g., the user's hands)) or to XR content displayed via the display generation component 120. The eye-tracking unit 243 is described in more detail below with reference to Figure 5.

[0177] In some embodiments, the adjustment unit 246 is configured to manage and adjust the XR experience presented to the user by the display generation component 120 and optionally by one or more of the output devices 155 and / or peripheral devices 195. For this purpose, in various embodiments, the adjustment unit 246 includes instructions and / or logic for that purpose, as well as heuristics and metadata for that purpose.

[0178] In some embodiments, the data transmission unit 248 is configured to transmit data (e.g., presentation data, location data, etc.) to at least the display generation component 120, and optionally to one or more of the input device 125, output device 155, sensor 190, and / or peripheral device 195. For this purpose, in various embodiments, the data transmission unit 248 includes instructions and / or logic therefor, as well as heuristics and metadata therefor.

[0179] While the data acquisition unit 241, tracking unit 242 (including, for example, eye-tracking unit 243 and hand-tracking unit 244), adjustment unit 246, and data transmission unit 248 are shown as residing on a single device (e.g., controller 110), it should be understood that in other embodiments, any combination of the data acquisition unit 241, tracking unit 242 (including, for example, eye-tracking unit 243 and hand-tracking unit 244), adjustment unit 246, and data transmission unit 248 may be located in separate computing devices.

[0180] Furthermore, Figure 2 is intended to illustrate the function of various features that may be present in a particular embodiment, in contrast to the structural schematics of the embodiments described herein. As will be recognized by those skilled in the art, the separately shown items can be combined, and some items can be separated. For example, several functional modules shown separately in Figure 2 may be implemented in a single module, and the various functions of a single functional block may be implemented by one or more functional blocks in various embodiments. The actual number of modules, as well as the division of certain functions and how functions are assigned between them, will vary depending on the implementation and, in some embodiments, will partially depend on a particular combination of hardware, software, and / or firmware selected for a particular implementation.

[0181] Figure 3 is a block diagram of an example of a display generation component 120 according to several embodiments. While certain features are shown, those skilled in the art will understand from this disclosure that various other features have been omitted for brevity so as not to obscure more suitable embodiments of the embodiments disclosed herein. For that purpose, in some non-limiting examples, the display generation component 120 (e.g., HMD) may include one or more processing units 302 (e.g., microprocessors, ASICs, FPGAs, GPUs, CPUs, processing cores, etc.), one or more input / output (I / O) devices and sensors 306, one or more communication interfaces 308 (e.g., USB, FireWire, Thunderbolt, IEEE 802.3x, IEEE 802.11x, IEEE 802.16x, GSM, CDMA, TDMA, GPS, infrared, Bluetooth, ZiGBEE, and / or similar types of interfaces), one or more programming (e.g., I / O) interfaces 310, one or more XR displays 312, one or more optional in-facing and / or out-facing image sensors 314, memory 320, and one or more communication buses 304 for interconnecting these and various other components.

[0182] In some embodiments, one or more communication buses 304 include circuits for interconnecting and controlling communication between system components. In some embodiments, one or more I / O devices and sensors 306 include at least one of the following: an inertial measuring unit (IMU), an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a thermometer, one or more physiological sensors (e.g., a blood pressure monitor, a heart rate monitor, a blood oxygen sensor, a blood glucose sensor, etc.), one or more microphones, one or more speakers, a haptic engine, one or more depth sensors (e.g., structured light, time of flight, etc.).

[0183] In some embodiments, one or more XR displays 312 are configured to provide the user with an XR experience. In some embodiments, one or more XR displays 312 correspond to holographic, digital light processing (DLP), liquid crystal displays (LCD), liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS), organic light-emitting field-effect transistors (OLET), organic light-emitting diodes (OLED), surface conduction electron emission displays (SED), field emission displays (FED), quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QD-LED), MEMS, and / or similar display types. In some embodiments, one or more XR displays 312 correspond to waveguide displays such as diffraction, reflection, polarization, and holographic displays. For example, a display generation component 120 (e.g., HMD) includes a single XR display. In another embodiment, the display generation component 120 includes an XR display for each of the user's eyes. In some embodiments, one or more XR displays 312 can present MR or VR content. In some embodiments, one or more XR displays 312 can present MR or VR content.

[0184] In some embodiments, one or more image sensors 314 are configured to acquire image data corresponding to at least a portion of the user's face, including the user's eyes (and may be referred to as an eye-tracking camera). In some embodiments, one or more image sensors 314 are configured to acquire image data corresponding to at least a portion of the user's hands and optionally a portion of the user's arms (and may be referred to as a hand-tracking camera). In some embodiments, one or more image sensors 314 are configured to face forward to acquire image data corresponding to a scene that the user would view if a display generation component 120 (e.g., an HMD) were not present (and may be referred to as a scene camera). One or more optional image sensors 314 may include one or more RGB cameras (e.g., complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors or charge-coupled device (CCD) image sensors), one or more infrared (IR) cameras, one or more event-based cameras, and / or similar.

[0185] Memory 320 includes high-speed random-access memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM, or other random-access solid-state memory devices. In some embodiments, memory 320 includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state storage devices. Memory 320 optionally includes one or more storage devices located remotely from one or more processing units 302. Memory 320 includes a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium. In some embodiments, memory 320, or the non-temporary computer-readable storage medium of memory 320, stores the following programs, modules, and data structures, or subsets thereof, including an optional operating system 330 and XR presentation module 340.

[0186] The operating system 330 includes instructions for handling various basic system services and instructions for performing hardware-dependent tasks. In some embodiments, the XR presentation module 340 is configured to present XR content to the user via one or more XR displays 312. For this purpose, in various embodiments, the XR presentation module 340 includes a data acquisition unit 342, an XR presentation unit 344, an XR map generation unit 346, and a data transmission unit 348.

[0187] In some embodiments, the data acquisition unit 342 is configured to acquire data (e.g., presentation data, interaction data, sensor data, location data, etc.) from at least the controller 110 in Figure 1A. To this end, in various embodiments, the data acquisition unit 342 includes instructions and / or logic for that purpose, as well as heuristics and metadata for that purpose.

[0188] In some embodiments, the XR presentation unit 344 is configured to present XR content via one or more XR displays 312. For this purpose, in various embodiments, the XR presentation unit 344 includes instructions and / or logic for that purpose, as well as heuristics and metadata for that purpose.

[0189] In some embodiments, the XR map generation unit 346 is configured to generate an XR map (e.g., a 3D map of a mixed reality scene, or a map of a physical environment on which computer-generated objects can be placed to generate extended reality) based on media content data. For this purpose, in various embodiments, the XR map generation unit 346 includes instructions and / or logic for that purpose, as well as heuristics and metadata for that purpose.

[0190] In some embodiments, the data transmission unit 348 is configured to transmit data (e.g., presentation data, location data, etc.) to at least the controller 110 and optionally to one or more of the input device 125, output device 155, sensor 190, and / or peripheral device 195. To this end, in various embodiments, the data transmission unit 348 includes instructions and / or logic for that purpose, as well as heuristics and metadata for that purpose.

[0191] Although the data acquisition unit 342, XR presentation unit 344, XR map generation unit 346, and data transmission unit 348 are shown as residing on a single device (e.g., the display generation component 120 in Figure 1A), it should be understood that in other embodiments, any combination of the data acquisition unit 342, XR presentation unit 344, XR map generation unit 346, and data transmission unit 348 may reside in separate computing devices.

[0192] Furthermore, Figure 3 is intended to illustrate the functionality of various features that may be present in a particular implementation, in contrast to the structural schematics of the embodiments described herein. As will be recognized by those skilled in the art, the separately shown items can be combined, and some items can be separated. For example, several functional modules shown separately in Figure 3 can be realized within a single module, and the various functions of a single functional block can be performed by one or more functional blocks in various embodiments. The actual number of modules, as well as the division of certain functions and how functions are assigned between them, will vary depending on the implementation and, in some embodiments, will partially depend on a particular combination of hardware, software, and / or firmware selected for a particular implementation.

[0193] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the hand tracking device 140. In some embodiments, the hand tracking device 140 (Figure 1A) is controlled by a hand tracking unit 244 (Figure 2) to track the position / location of one or more parts of the user's hand and / or the movement of one or more parts of the user's hand relative to the scene 105 in Figure 1A (e.g., relative to a part of the physical environment surrounding the user, relative to the display generation component 120, or relative to a part of the user (e.g., the user's face, eyes, or head), and / or relative to a coordinate system defined for the user's hand). In some embodiments, the hand tracking device 140 is part of the display generation component 120 (e.g., embedded in or attached to a head-mounted device). In some embodiments, the hand tracking device 140 is separate from the display generation component 120 (e.g., located in a separate housing or attached to a separate physical support structure).

[0194] In some embodiments, the hand tracking device 140 includes an image sensor 404 (e.g., one or more IR cameras, 3D cameras, depth cameras, and / or color cameras) that captures three-dimensional scene information including at least the hand 406 of a human user. The image sensor 404 captures a hand image with sufficient resolution to allow for the distinction of fingers and their respective positions. The image sensor 404 can typically capture images of other parts of the user's body, or images of the entire body, and may have either a zoom function or a dedicated sensor with high magnification to capture an image of the hand at a desired resolution. In some embodiments, the image sensor 404 also captures a 2D color video image of the hand 406 and other elements of the scene. In some embodiments, the image sensor 404 is used in conjunction with other image sensors that capture the physical environment of the scene 105, or functions as an image sensor that captures the physical environment of the scene 105. In some embodiments, the image sensor 404 is positioned relative to the user or the user's environment such that the field of view of the image sensor or a portion thereof is used to define an interaction space in which hand movements captured by the image sensor are processed as input to the controller 110.

[0195] In some embodiments, the image sensor 404 outputs a sequence of frames containing 3D map data (and possibly color image data) to the controller 110, thereby extracting high-level information from the map data. This high-level information is typically provided to an application running on the controller via an application programming interface (API), which drives the display generation components 120 accordingly. For example, a user can interact with the software running on the controller 110 by moving their hand 406 to change the orientation of their hand.

[0196] In some embodiments, the image sensor 404 projects a spot pattern onto a scene including the hand 406 and captures an image of the projected pattern. In some embodiments, the controller 110 calculates the 3D coordinates of points in the scene (including points on the surface of the user's hand) by triangulation based on the lateral shift of the spot in the pattern. This approach is advantageous in that the user does not need to hold or wear any kind of beacon, sensor, or other marker. This gives the depth coordinates of points in the scene relative to a given reference plane at a specific distance from the image sensor 404. In this disclosure, it is assumed that the image sensor 404 defines an orthogonal set of x, y, and z axes such that the depth coordinates of points in the scene correspond to a z component measured by the image sensor. Alternatively, the image sensor 404 (e.g., a hand tracking device) may use other 3D mapping methods such as stereoscopic imaging or time-of-flight measurement based on one or more cameras or other types of sensors.

[0197] In some embodiments, the hand tracking device 140 captures and processes a time sequence of depth maps containing the user's hand while the user moves their hand (e.g., the entire hand or one or more fingers). Software running on the processor in the image sensor 404 and / or controller 110 processes the 3D map data to extract patch descriptors of the hand within these depth maps. Based on previous training, the software matches these descriptors against patch descriptors stored in the database 408 to estimate the hand pose in each frame. The pose typically includes the 3D location of the user's wrist and fingertips.

[0198] The software can also analyze the trajectory of the hand and / or fingers across multiple frames in a sequence to identify gestures. The posture estimation function described herein may be interleaved with the motion tracking function, so that patch-based posture estimation is performed only once every two (or more) frames, while tracking is used to detect changes in posture that occur over the remaining frames. Posture, motion, and gesture information is provided to an application program running on the controller 110 via the API described above. This program can, for example, move and modify the image presented on the display generation component 120, or perform other functions, depending on the posture and / or gesture information.

[0199] In some embodiments, the gesture includes an air gesture. An air gesture is a gesture detected by the user without (or independently of) touching an input element that is part of a device (e.g., a computer system 101, one or more input devices 125, and / or a hand tracking device 140), and is based on detected movement of a part of the user's body in the air (e.g., head, one or more arms, one or more hands, one or more fingers, and / or one or more legs), including movement of the user's body relative to an absolute reference (e.g., the angle of the user's arm relative to the ground, or the distance of the user's hand relative to the ground), movement of the user's body relative to another part of the user's body (e.g., movement of the user's hand relative to the user's shoulder, movement of one of the user's hands relative to the user's other hand, and / or movement of the user's fingers relative to another finger or part of the user's hand), and / or absolute movement of a part of the user's body (e.g., a tap gesture including movement of the hand in a predetermined posture by a predetermined amount and / or speed, or a shake gesture including a predetermined speed or amount of rotation of a part of the user's body).

[0200] In some embodiments, the input gestures used in the various examples and embodiments described herein include air gestures, as in some embodiments, performed by moving one or more of the user's fingers relative to other fingers or parts of the user's hand for interacting with an XR environment (e.g., a virtual or mixed reality environment). In some embodiments, an air gesture is a gesture detected without the user touching (or independently of) an input element that is part of the device, and is based on detected movement of a part of the user's body in the air, including movement of the user's body relative to an absolute reference (e.g., the angle of the user's arm relative to the ground, or the distance of the user's hand relative to the ground), movement of the user's body relative to another part of the user's body (e.g., movement of the user's hand relative to the user's shoulder, movement of the user's other hand relative to one hand, and / or movement of the user's fingers relative to another finger or part of the user's hand), and / or absolute movement of a part of the user's body (e.g., a tap gesture involving movement of the hand in a predetermined pose by a predetermined amount and / or speed, or a shake gesture involving rotation of a part of the user's body by a predetermined speed or amount).

[0201] In some embodiments where the input gesture is an air gesture (i.e., without physical contact with an input device that provides the computer system with information about which user interface element is the target of user input, such as contact with a user interface element displayed on a touchscreen or contact with a mouse or trackpad to move a cursor over a user interface element), the gesture takes into account the user's attention (e.g., gaze) to determine the target of user input (e.g., in the case of direct input, as described below). Thus, in implementations involving air gestures, the input gesture is the detected attention (e.g., gaze) to the user interface element in combination (e.g., simultaneously) with the movement of the user's fingers (one or more) and / or hand to perform pinch and / or tap input, as described in more detail below.

[0202] In some embodiments, input gestures directed towards a user interface object are performed directly or indirectly by reference to the user interface object. For example, user input is performed directly towards the user interface object in response to the user performing an input gesture with their hand at a position corresponding to the user interface object's position in a three-dimensional environment (e.g., determined based on the user's current viewpoint). In some embodiments, the input gesture is performed indirectly towards the user interface object according to the user performing the input gesture while the user's hand position is not at a position corresponding to the user interface object's position in a three-dimensional environment, while detecting the user's attention (e.g., gaze) to the user interface object. For example, in the case of a direct input gesture, the user can direct their input towards the user interface object by initiating the gesture at or near a position corresponding to the user interface object's display position (e.g., within a distance of 0.5 cm, 1 cm, 5 cm, or 0-5 cm from the optional outer edge or optional central portion). In the case of indirect input gestures, the user can direct their input towards the user interface object by paying attention to the user interface object (for example, by gazing at the user interface object), and while paying attention to the options, the user initiates the input gesture (for example, at any position detectable by the computer system) (for example, at a position that does not correspond to the display position of the user interface object).

[0203] In some embodiments, the input gestures (e.g., air gestures) used in the various examples and embodiments described herein include pinch and tap inputs for interacting with virtual or mixed reality environments, as in some embodiments. For example, the pinch and tap inputs described later are performed as air gestures.

[0204] In some embodiments, a pinch input is part of an air gesture that includes one or more of the following: a pinch gesture, a long pinch gesture, a pinch-and-drag gesture, or a double pinch gesture. For example, a pinch gesture that is an air gesture involves moving two or more fingers of a hand to touch each other, i.e., including an optional interruption (e.g., within 0 to 1 second) immediately after the touch. A long pinch gesture that is an air gesture involves moving two or more fingers of a hand to touch each other for at least a threshold time amount (e.g., at least 1 second) before detecting an interruption of contact between them. For example, a long pinch gesture includes the user holding a pinch gesture (e.g., if two or more fingers are in contact), and the long pinch gesture continues until an interruption of contact between the two or more fingers is detected. In some embodiments, a double pinch gesture that is an air gesture includes two (e.g., or more) pinch inputs (e.g., performed with the same hand) that are detected directly and consecutively (e.g., within a predetermined period of time) to each other. For example, the user performs a first pinch input (e.g., a pinch input or a long pinch input), releases the first pinch input (e.g., breaks contact between two or more fingers), and then performs a second pinch input within a predetermined period (e.g., within 1 second or 2 seconds) after releasing the first pinch input.

[0205] In some embodiments, an air gesture, a pinch-and-drag gesture, includes a pinch gesture (e.g., a pinch gesture or a long pinch gesture) performed in relation to (e.g., after) a drag input that changes the user's hand position from a first position (e.g., a drag initiation position) to a second position (e.g., a resistance termination position). In some embodiments, the user maintains the pinch gesture while performing the drag input and releases the pinch gesture (e.g., spreading two or more fingers) to terminate the drag gesture (e.g., at the second position). In some embodiments, the pinch input and drag input are performed by the same hand (e.g., the user pinches two or more fingers together and touches them to each other, and then moves the same hand to a second position in the air with a drag gesture). In some embodiments, the pinch input is performed by the user's first hand and the drag input is performed by the user's second hand (e.g., the user's second hand moves from the first position to the second position in the air while the user continues the pinch input with the user's first hand). In some embodiments, an input gesture that is an air gesture includes an input (e.g., a pinch input and / or a tap input) performed using both of the user's hands. For example, an input gesture includes two (e.g., or more) pinch inputs performed in relation to each other (e.g., simultaneously or within a predetermined period of time). For example, a first pinch gesture (e.g., a pinch input, a long pinch input, or a pinch and drag input) performed using the user's first hand, and a second pinch input performed using the other hand (e.g., a second hand of the user's hands) in relation to performing the pinch input using the first hand.

[0206] In some embodiments, a tap input performed as an air gesture (e.g., directed towards a user interface element) includes the movement of one or more of the user's fingers toward the user interface element, the movement of the user's hand toward the user interface element with the user's fingers (one or more) optionally extended toward the user interface element, a downward movement of the user's fingers (e.g., mimicking a mouse click or a tap on a touchscreen), or other default movements of the user's hand. In some embodiments, a tap input performed as an air gesture is detected based on the movement characteristics of the finger or hand that performs the tap gesture movement away from the user's viewpoint and / or toward the object that is the target of the tap input, followed by the end of the movement. In some embodiments, the end of the movement is detected based on a change in the movement characteristics of the finger or hand that performs the tap gesture (e.g., away from the user's viewpoint and / or the end of the movement toward the object that is the target of the tap input, a reversal of the direction of the finger or hand movement, and / or a reversal of the direction of acceleration of the finger or hand movement).

[0207] In some embodiments, the user's attention is determined to be directed towards a part of the three-dimensional environment based on the detection of a gaze directed towards that part of the three-dimensional environment (optionally, without requiring any other conditions). In some embodiments, for the device to determine that the user's attention is directed towards a part of the three-dimensional environment, the device determines that the user's attention is directed towards a part of the three-dimensional environment based on the detection of a gaze directed towards a part of the three-dimensional environment, with one or more additional conditions such as the gaze being directed towards the part of the three-dimensional environment for at least a threshold duration (e.g., dwell time) while the user's viewpoint is within a distance threshold from the part of the three-dimensional environment, and / or the gaze being directed towards a part of the three-dimensional environment. If one of the additional conditions is not met, the device determines that the user's attention is not directed towards the part of the three-dimensional environment to which the gaze is directed (e.g., until one or more additional conditions are met).

[0208] In some embodiments, the detection of a ready state configuration of the user or a part of the user is detected by the computer system. The detection of a ready state configuration of the hand is used by the computer system as an indication that the user is likely to be preparing to interact with the computer system using one or more air gesture inputs performed by the hand (e.g., pinch, tap, pinch and drag, double pinch, long pinch, or other air gestures described herein). For example, the ready state of a hand is determined based on whether the hand has a predetermined hand shape (e.g., a pre-pinch shape where the thumb and one or more fingers are extended and spaced apart, ready to perform a pinch or grab gesture, or a pre-tap shape where one or more fingers are extended and the palm is facing away from the user), whether the hand is in a predetermined position relative to the user's line of sight (e.g., below the user's head, above the user's waist, or extended at least 15 cm, 20 cm, 25 cm, 30 cm, or 50 cm from the body), and / or whether the hand has moved in a particular manner (e.g., moved towards the area in front of the user above the user's waist, below the user's head, or away from the user's body or legs). In some embodiments, the ready state is used to determine whether an interactive element of the user interface is responsive to attention (e.g., gaze) input.

[0209] In scenarios where the input is described in reference to an air gesture, similar gestures may also be detected using hardware input devices attached to or held by one or more of the user's hands, in which case the position of the hardware input device in space may be tracked using optical tracking, one or more accelerometers, one or more gyroscopes, one or more magnetometers, and / or one or more inertial measurement units, and it should be understood that the position and / or movement of the hardware input device is used instead of the position and / or movement of one or more hands in the corresponding air gesture(s). User input can be detected using controls included in hardware input devices, such as one or more touch-sensitive input elements, one or more pressure-sensitive input elements, one or more buttons, one or more knobs, one or more dials, one or more joysticks, one or more hand or finger covers capable of detecting the position or change in position of parts of the hands and / or fingers relative to each other, relative to the user's body, and / or the user's physical environment, and / or other hardware input device controls. User input using controls included in hardware input devices is used in place of hand and / or finger gestures such as air taps or air pinches in corresponding air gestures(single or multiple). For example, a selection input described as being performed by an air tap or air pinch input can alternatively be detected by a button press, a tap on a touch-sensitive surface, a press on a pressure-sensitive surface, or other hardware input.As another example, a movement input described as being performed by air pinch and drag can alternatively be detected based on interaction with hardware input controls such as button press and hold, touch on a touch-sensitive surface, or press on a pressure-sensitive surface, or based on hardware input that follows the movement of other hardware input devices in space (e.g., accompanying the hand to which the hardware input device is associated). Similarly, two-handed inputs, including movements of both hands relative to each other, can also be performed using various combinations of inputs detected by air gestures and / or one or more of the aforementioned hardware input devices, using one air gesture and one hardware input device held in the hand not performing the air gesture, two hardware input devices held in separate hands, or two air gestures performed by separate hands.

[0210] In some embodiments, the software may be downloaded electronically to the controller 110, for example, over a network, or instead, it may be provided on a tangible non-temporary medium such as an optical, magnetic, or electronic memory medium. In some embodiments, the database 408 is similarly stored in memory associated with the controller 110. Alternatively or additionally, some or all of the computer's described functions may be implemented in dedicated hardware such as a custom or semi-custom integrated circuit or a programmable digital signal processor (DSP). Although the controller 110 is shown in Figure 4, for example, as a separate unit from the image sensor 404, some or all of the controller's processing functions may be associated with the image sensor 404 by a suitable microprocessor and software, or by a dedicated circuit configuration within the housing of the image sensor 404 (e.g., a hand-tracking device), or in other ways. In some embodiments, at least some of these processing functions may be performed by a suitable processor integrated with the display generation component 120 (e.g., in a television set, handheld device, or head-mounted device), or by any other suitable computerized device such as a game console or media player. The sensing function of the image sensor 404 can also be integrated into a computer or other computerized device controlled by the sensor output.

[0211] Figure 4 further includes schematic diagrams of depth maps 410 captured by image sensor 404 according to several embodiments. The depth map includes a matrix of pixels, each having a depth value, as described above. Pixels 412 corresponding to the hand 406 are segmented in this map from the background and the wrist. The brightness of each pixel in the depth map 410 is inversely proportional to the depth value, i.e., the measured z-distance from image sensor 404, with the gradation becoming darker as the depth increases. Controller 110 processes these depth values ​​to identify and segment image components (i.e., groups of adjacent pixels) that have the characteristics of a human hand. These characteristics may include, for example, the overall size, shape, and frame-to-frame movement of the depth map sequence.

[0212] Figure 4 also schematically shows the hand skeleton 414 that the controller 110 ultimately extracts from the depth map 410 of the hand 406, according to several embodiments. In Figure 4, the hand skeleton 414 is superimposed on the hand background 416, which has been segmented from the original depth map. In some embodiments, the hand (e.g., knuckles, fingertips, center of the palm, end of the hand connected to the wrist), and optionally major feature points on the wrist or arm connected to the hand, are identified and positioned on the hand skeleton 414. In some embodiments, the location and movement of these major feature points across multiple image frames are used by the controller 110 to determine, according to several embodiments, a hand gesture performed by the hand or the current state of the hand.

[0213] Figure 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of the eye-tracking device 130 (Figure 1A). In some embodiments, the eye-tracking device 130 is controlled by an eye-tracking unit 243 (Figure 2) to track the position and movement of the user's gaze relative to the scene 105 or to the XR content displayed via the display generation component 120. In some embodiments, the eye-tracking device 130 is integrated with the display generation component 120. For example, in some embodiments, if the display generation component 120 is a head-mounted device such as a headset, helmet, goggles, or glasses, or a handheld device positioned in a wearable frame, the head-mounted device includes both a component for generating XR content for user viewing and a component for tracking the user's gaze relative to the XR content. In some embodiments, the eye-tracking device 130 is separate from the display generation component 120. For example, if the display generation component is a handheld device or an XR chamber, the eye-tracking device 130 is optionally a separate device from the handheld device or XR chamber. In some embodiments, the eye-tracking device 130 is a head-mounted device or part of a head-mounted device. In some embodiments, the head-mounted eye-tracking device 130 is optionally used with a display generation component that is mounted on the head or a display generation component that is not mounted on the head. In some embodiments, the eye-tracking device 130 is not a head-mounted device, but is optionally used in combination with a head-mounted display generation component. In some embodiments, the eye-tracking device 130 is not a head-mounted device, but is optionally part of a non-head-mounted display generation component.

[0214] In some embodiments, the display generation component 120 uses a display mechanism (e.g., left and right near-eye display panels) that displays frames containing left and right images in front of the user's eyes to provide the user with a 3D virtual view. For example, the head-mounted display generation component may include left and right optical lenses (referred to herein as eyepieces) positioned between the display and the user's eyes. In some embodiments, the display generation component may include, or be coupled to, one or more external video cameras that capture video of the user's environment for display. In some embodiments, the head-mounted display generation component may have a transparent or translucent display on which the user can directly view the physical environment and display virtual objects on a transparent or translucent display. In some embodiments, the display generation component projects virtual objects onto the physical environment. The virtual objects are projected, for example, onto a physical surface or as holograms, so that the individual can use the system to observe the virtual objects superimposed on the physical environment. In such cases, separate display panels and image frames for the left and right eyes may not be required.

[0215] As shown in Figure 5, in some embodiments, the eye-tracking device 130 (e.g., gaze tracking device) includes at least one eye-tracking camera (e.g., an infrared (IR) camera or a near-IR (NIR) camera) and an illumination source (e.g., an IR or NIR light source such as an array or ring of LEDs) that emits light (e.g., IR or NIR light) toward the user's eye. The eye-tracking camera may be directed toward the user's eye to receive reflected IR or NIR light from the light source directly from the eye, or alternatively, it may be directed toward a "hot" mirror positioned between the user's eye and a display panel that reflects IR or NIR light from the eye to the eye-tracking camera while allowing visible light to pass through. The eye-tracking device 130 optionally captures images of the user's eyes (e.g., as a video stream captured at 60–120 frames per second (fps)), analyzes the images to generate gaze tracking information, and communicates the gaze tracking information to the controller 110. In some embodiments, both of the user's eyes are tracked separately by their respective eye-tracking cameras and illumination sources. In some embodiments, only one of the user's eyes is tracked by a separate eye-tracking camera and light source.

[0216] In some embodiments, the eye-tracking device 130 is calibrated using a device-specific calibration process to determine the parameters of the eye-tracking device for a specific operating environment 100, e.g., the 3D geometric relationships and parameters of the LEDs, camera, hot mirror (if present), eyepiece, and display screen. The device-specific calibration process may be performed at the factory or another facility before delivery of the AR / VR device to the end user. The device-specific calibration process may be an automated calibration process or a manual calibration process. A user-specific calibration process may include estimating the eye parameters of a particular user, e.g., pupil location, central visual location, optical axis, visual axis, interpupillary distance. According to some embodiments, once the device-specific and user-specific parameters for the eye-tracking device 130 are determined, the images captured by the eye-tracking camera can be processed using a Glint-assisted method to determine the user's current visual axis and gaze point relative to the display.

[0217] As shown in Figure 5, the eye-tracking device 130 (e.g., 130A or 130B) includes an eyepiece(s) 520 and an eye-tracking system which includes at least one eye-tracking camera 540 (e.g., an infrared (IR) or near-IR (NIR) camera) positioned on the side of the user's face where eye tracking is performed, and an illumination source 530 (e.g., an IR or NIR light source such as an array or ring of NIR light-emitting diodes (LEDs)) that emits light (e.g., IR or NIR light) toward the user's eyes(s) 592. The eye-tracking camera 540 is positioned between the user's eye(s) 592 and the display 510 (e.g., the left or right display panel of a head-mounted display, or the display or projector of a handheld device) and may be directed towards a mirror 550 that transmits visible light while reflecting IR or NIR light from the eye(s) 592 (e.g., as shown at the top of Figure 5), or may be directed towards the user's eye(s) 592 to receive reflected IR or NIR light from the eye(s) 592 (e.g., as shown at the bottom of Figure 5).

[0218] In some embodiments, the controller 110 renders AR or VR frames 562 (e.g., left and right frames of left and right display panels) and provides the frames 562 to the display 510. For various purposes, for example, when processing the frames 562 for display, the controller 110 uses gaze tracking input 542 from the eye-tracking camera 540. The controller 110 optionally uses a glint-assisted method or other appropriate method to estimate the user's viewpoint on the display 510 based on the gaze tracking input 542 obtained from the eye-tracking camera 540. The viewpoint estimated from the gaze tracking input 542 is optionally used to determine the direction the user is currently looking.

[0219] The following describes, but is not intended to be limiting, several possible use cases of the user's current gaze direction. As an exemplary use case, the controller 110 may render virtual content differently based on the determined user's gaze direction. For example, the controller 110 may generate virtual content at a higher resolution in the central visual region determined from the user's current gaze direction than in the peripheral region. As another example, the controller may position or move virtual content within the view based at least partially on the user's current gaze direction. As yet another example, the controller may display specific virtual content within the view based at least partially on the user's current gaze direction. As another exemplary use case in an AR application, the controller 110 may capture the physical environment of the XR experience and orient an external camera to focus in the determined direction. The external camera's autofocus mechanism can then focus on an object or surface in the environment that the user is currently viewing on the display 510. In another exemplary use case, the eyepiece 520 may be a focusing lens, and the controller uses eye-tracking information to adjust the focus of the eyepiece 520 so that the virtual object currently being viewed by the user has appropriate binocular coordination to match the convergence of the user's eye 592. The controller 110 can use the eye-tracking information to orient and adjust the focus of the eyepiece 520 so that the nearby object being viewed by the user appears at the correct distance.

[0220] In some embodiments, the eye-tracking device is part of a head-mounted device, which is housed within a wearable housing and includes a display (e.g., display 510), two eyepieces (e.g., eyepieces 520), an eye-tracking camera (e.g., one or more eye-tracking cameras 540), and a light source (e.g., an illumination source 530 (e.g., IR or NIR LEDs)). The light source emits light (e.g., IR or NIR light) towards the user's eye(s) 592. In some embodiments, the light sources may be arranged in a ring or circle around each lens, as shown in Figure 5. In some embodiments, as an example, eight illumination sources 530 (e.g., LEDs) are arranged around each lens 520. However, more or fewer illumination sources 530 may be used, and other arrangements and locations of the illumination sources 530 may be used.

[0221] In some embodiments, the display 510 emits light within the visible light range and does not emit light within the IR or NIR range, thus not introducing noise into the eye-tracking system. Note that the location and angle of the eye-tracking camera(s) 540 are given as examples and are not intended to be limiting. In some embodiments, a single eye-tracking camera 540 is positioned on each side of the user's face. In some embodiments, two or more NIR cameras 540 can be used on each side of the user's face. In some embodiments, a camera 540 with a wider field of view (FOV) and a camera 540 with a narrower FOV may be used on each side of the user's face. In some embodiments, a camera 540 operating at one wavelength (e.g., 850 nm) and a camera 540 operating at a different wavelength (e.g., 940 nm) may be used on each side of the user's face.

[0222] Embodiments of the eye-tracking system shown in Figure 5 can be used, for example, in computer-generated reality, virtual reality, and / or mixed reality applications to provide users with computer-generated reality, virtual reality, augmented reality, and / or augmented virtual experiences.

[0223] FIG. 6 shows a glint-assisted gaze tracking pipeline according to some embodiments. In some embodiments, the gaze tracking pipeline is implemented by a glint-assisted gaze tracking system (e.g., the eye tracking device 130 as shown in FIGS. 1A-1P and FIG. 5). The glint-assisted gaze tracking system can maintain a tracking state. Initially, the tracking state is off or "no". When in the tracking state, the glint-assisted gaze tracking system uses prior information from the previous frame when analyzing the current frame to track the pupil contour and glint within the current frame. When not in the tracking state, the glint-assisted gaze tracking system attempts to detect the pupil and glint within the current frame, and if successful, initializes the tracking state to "yes" and continues to the next frame in the tracking state.

[0224] As shown in FIG. 6, the gaze tracking camera can capture left and right images of the user's left and right eyes. The captured images are then input into the gaze tracking pipeline for processing starting at 610. As indicated by the arrow returning to element 600, the gaze tracking system can continue to capture images of the user's eyes, for example, at a rate of 60-120 frames per second. In some embodiments, each set of captured images may be input into the pipeline for processing. However, in some embodiments, or under some conditions, not all captured frames are processed by the pipeline.

[0225] At 610, for the currently captured image, if the tracking state is "yes", the method proceeds to element 640. At 610, if the tracking state is "no", as shown at 620, the image is analyzed to detect the user's pupil and glint within the image. At 630, if the pupil and glint are successfully detected, the method proceeds to element 640. If not successfully detected, the method returns to element 610 to process the next image of the user's eyes.

[0226] At 640, when proceeding from element 610, the current frame is analyzed to track the pupil and glint, based in part on previous information from the previous frame. At 640, when proceeding from element 630, the tracking state is initialized based on the detected pupil and glint within the current frame. The result of the processing at element 640 is checked to confirm that the result of the tracking or detection is reliable. For example, the result can be checked to determine whether a sufficient number of glints for performing pupil and gaze estimation are successfully tracked or detected in the current frame. At 650, if the result is not reliable, the tracking state is set to no at element 660, and the method returns to element 610 to process the next image of the user's eye. At 650, if the result is reliable, the method proceeds to element 670. At 670, the tracking state is set to yes (if not already yes), and the pupil and glint information is passed to element 680 to estimate the user's viewpoint.

[0227] FIG. 6 is intended to function as an example of an eye tracking technique that can be used in a particular implementation. As will be recognized by those skilled in the art, other eye tracking techniques that currently exist or may be developed in the future can be used in computer system 101 to provide an XR experience to a user, either in place of, or in combination with, the glint-assisted eye tracking technique described herein, in various embodiments.

[0228] In some embodiments, the captured portion of the real-world environment 602 is used to provide a user with an XR experience, e.g., a mixed reality environment in which one or more virtual objects are superimposed over a representation of the real-world environment 602.

[0229] Accordingly, this description describes several embodiments of a three-dimensional environment (e.g., an XR environment) that includes representations of real-world objects and virtual objects. For example, a three-dimensional environment optionally includes a representation of a table existing in a physical environment that is captured and displayed within the three-dimensional environment (e.g., actively via a computer system's camera and display, or passively via a computer system's transparent or translucent display). As described above, a three-dimensional environment optionally is a mixed reality system based on a physical environment in which the three-dimensional environment is captured by one or more sensors of a computer system and displayed via a display generation component. As a mixed reality system, the computer system may optionally selectively display parts and / or objects of the physical environment so that each part and / or object of the physical environment appears to exist in the three-dimensional environment displayed by the computer system. Similarly, the computer system may optionally display virtual objects in a three-dimensional environment so that the virtual objects appear to exist in the real world (e.g., a physical environment) by placing virtual objects in each location within the three-dimensional environment that have corresponding locations in the real world. For example, a computer system may optionally display a vase in such a way that it appears as if a real vase were placed on a table in a physical environment. In some embodiments, individual locations in a three-dimensional environment have corresponding locations in the physical environment.Therefore, when a computer system is described as displaying virtual objects in separate locations relative to physical objects (for example, at or near the location of the user's hand, or on or near a physical table), the computer system displays the virtual objects in specific locations within a three-dimensional environment so that they appear to be at or near physical objects in the physical world (for example, if the virtual object is a real object at that specific location, then the virtual object will be displayed in the location within the three-dimensional environment that corresponds to the location within the physical environment where the virtual object would have been displayed).

[0230] In some embodiments, real-world objects existing in a physical environment displayed within a three-dimensional environment (e.g., real-world objects visible via and / or display-generating components) can interact with virtual objects existing only within the three-dimensional environment. For example, the three-dimensional environment may include a table and a vase placed on the table, where the table is a view (or representation) of a physical table in the physical environment, and the vase is a virtual object.

[0231] In a three-dimensional environment (for example, a real environment, a virtual environment, or an environment including a mixture of real and virtual objects), an object may be said to have depth or simulated depth, or an object may be said to be visible, displayed, or positioned at a different depth. In this context, depth refers to dimensions other than height or width. In some embodiments, depth is defined relative to a fixed set of coordinates (for example, a room or object has height, depth, and width defined relative to a fixed set of coordinates). In some embodiments, depth is defined relative to the user's location or viewpoint, in which case the depth dimension varies based on the user's location and / or the location and angle of the user's viewpoint. In some embodiments where depth is defined relative to the user's location positioned with respect to the surface of the environment (e.g., the floor or ground surface of the environment), objects that are further away from the user along a line extending parallel to the surface are considered to have a greater depth in the environment, and / or the depth of an object is measured along an axis that extends outward from the user's location and is parallel to the surface of the environment (e.g., depth is defined in a coordinate system of a cylinder or substantially a cylinder, with the user's position at the center of a cylinder extending from the user's head to the user's feet). In some embodiments, depth is defined relative to the user's viewpoint (e.g., a direction relative to a point in space that determines which parts of the environment are visible through a head-mounted device or other display). Objects that are further away from the user's viewpoint along a line extending parallel to the user's viewpoint are considered to have greater depth in the environment, and / or the depth of an object is measured along an axis extending outward from a line that extends from the user's viewpoint and is parallel to the user's viewpoint (e.g., depth is defined in a spherical or substantially spherical coordinate system with the origin of the viewpoint at the center of a sphere extending outward from the user's head).In some embodiments, depth is defined relative to a user interface container (e.g., a window or application on which application and / or system content is displayed), where the user interface container has height and / or width, and depth is a dimension orthogonal to the height and / or width of the user interface container. In some embodiments, where depth is defined relative to a user interface container, the height and / or width of the container is typically orthogonal or substantially orthogonal to a line extending from a user-based location (e.g., the user's viewpoint or the user's location) to the user interface container (e.g., the center of the user interface container, or another feature point of the user interface container) when the container is placed in a three-dimensional environment or is first displayed (e.g., consequently, the depth dimension of the container extends outward away from the user or the user's viewpoint). In some embodiments, where depth is defined relative to a user interface container, the depth of an object relative to the user interface container refers to the position of the object along the depth dimension of the user interface container. In some embodiments, multiple different containers may have different depth dimensions (e.g., different depth dimensions extending in different directions from the user or the user's viewpoint and / or away from different starting points). In some embodiments, when depth is defined relative to a user interface container, the direction of the depth dimension remains constant relative to the user interface container when the location of the user interface container, the user, and / or the user's viewpoint changes (e.g., when multiple different viewers are viewing the same container in a three-dimensional environment, such as during a face-to-face collaboration session, and / or when multiple participants are in a real-time communication session with shared virtual content containing the container). In some embodiments, for curved containers (e.g., including containers with curved surfaces or curved content areas), the depth dimension optionally extends within the surface of the curved container.In some contexts, z-separation (e.g., separation of two objects in depth dimensions), z-height (e.g., distance of one object from another object in depth dimensions), z-position (e.g., position of one object in depth dimensions), z-depth (e.g., position of one object in depth dimensions), or simulated z-dimension (e.g., depth used as object dimensions, environment dimensions, orientation in space, and / or orientation in simulated space) are used to refer to the concepts of depth as described above.

[0232] In some embodiments, the user may optionally interact with virtual objects in a three-dimensional environment using one or more hands, as if the virtual objects were real objects in a physical environment. For example, as described above, one or more sensors in the computer system may optionally capture one or more of the user's hands and display a representation of the user's hands in the three-dimensional environment (in a similar manner to, for example, displaying real-world objects in the three-dimensional environment as described above), or, in some embodiments, the user's hands are visible through the display-generating components by the ability to see the physical environment through the user interface, due to the transparency / transparency of some of the display-generating components displaying the user interface, or the projection of the user interface onto a transparent / translucent surface, or the projection of the user interface onto the user's eyes or the user's field of view. Thus, in some embodiments, the user's hands are displayed at separate locations in the three-dimensional environment and are processed as if they were objects in the three-dimensional environment that can interact with virtual objects in the three-dimensional environment as if they were real physical objects in the physical environment. In some embodiments, the computer system may update the display of the user's hands in the three-dimensional environment in conjunction with the movement of the user's hands in the physical environment.

[0233] In some of the embodiments described below, for example, to determine whether a physical object is directly interacting with a virtual object (e.g., whether a hand is touching, grasping, or holding a virtual object, or whether it is within a threshold distance from the virtual object), the computer system may optionally determine the "effective" distance between the physical object in the physical world and the virtual object in the three-dimensional environment. For example, a hand directly interacting with a virtual object may optionally include one or more of the fingers of a hand pressing a virtual button, a user's hand grasping a virtual vase, two fingers of a user's hand pinching / holding an application's user interface together, and other types of interactions described herein. For example, when determining whether a user is interacting with a virtual object and / or how a user is interacting with a virtual object, the computer system may optionally determine the distance between the user's hand and the virtual object. In some embodiments, the computer system determines the distance between the user's hand and the virtual object by determining the distance between the location of the hand in the three-dimensional environment and the location of the virtual object of interest in the three-dimensional environment. For example, one or more of the user's hands are located in a specific position in the physical world, which the computer system optionally captures and displays at a specific corresponding position in a three-dimensional environment (e.g., the position in the three-dimensional environment where the hands are displayed, if the hands are virtual hands rather than physical hands). The position of the hands in the three-dimensional environment is optionally compared to the position of a target virtual object in the three-dimensional environment to determine the distance between the one or more of the user's hands and the virtual object. In some embodiments, the computer system optionally determines the distance between the physical object and the virtual object by comparing the position in the physical world (as opposed to comparing the position in the three-dimensional environment).For example, when determining the distance between one or more of the user's hands and a virtual object, the computer system optionally determines the corresponding location of the virtual object in the physical world (for example, the position in the physical world where the virtual object would be located if it were a physical object rather than a virtual object), and then determines the distance between the corresponding physical position and one or more of the user's hands. In some embodiments, the same technique is optionally used to determine the distance between any physical object and any virtual object. Thus, when determining whether a physical object is in contact with a virtual object, or whether a physical object is within a threshold distance of a virtual object, as described herein, the computer system optionally performs one of the techniques described above to map the location of the physical object to a three-dimensional environment and / or to map the location of the virtual object to a physical environment.

[0234] In some embodiments, the same or similar techniques are used to determine where and what the user's gaze is directed, and / or where and what the physical stylus held by the user is directed. For example, if the user's gaze is directed to a particular position in the physical environment, the computer system optionally determines the corresponding position in the three-dimensional environment (e.g., the virtual position of the gaze), and if a virtual object is located at that corresponding virtual position, the computer system optionally determines that the user's gaze is directed to that virtual object. Similarly, the computer system optionally determines, based on the orientation of the physical stylus, where in the physical environment the stylus is pointing. In some embodiments, based on this determination, the computer system optionally determines the corresponding virtual position in the three-dimensional environment corresponding to the location in the physical environment that the stylus is pointing to, and optionally determines that the stylus is pointing to the corresponding virtual position in the three-dimensional environment.

[0235] Similarly, embodiments described herein may refer to the location of a user (e.g., a user of a computer system) and / or the location of a computer system in a three-dimensional environment. In some embodiments, the user of a computer system is holding, wearing, or otherwise positioned near the computer system. Thus, in some embodiments, the location of the computer system is used as a proxy for the user's location. In some embodiments, the location of the computer system and / or the user in the physical environment corresponds to individual locations in the three-dimensional environment. For example, if a user stands at a location facing an individual part of the physical environment that is visible through a display-generating component, the location of the computer system is the location in the physical environment (and its corresponding location in the three-dimensional environment) where the user will see objects in the physical environment in the same position, orientation, and / or size (e.g., absolutely and / or relative to each other) as the objects are visible through the display-generating component of the computer system in the three-dimensional environment. Similarly, if a virtual object displayed in a three-dimensional environment is a physical object in a physical environment (for example, the physical object is located in the same physical environment location as the one in the three-dimensional environment and has the same size and orientation as the one in the three-dimensional environment), then the computer system and / or user's location is the position from which the user will view the virtual object in the physical environment in the same position, orientation, and / or size (for example, absolutely, and / or relative to each other, and in relation to real-world objects) as it was displayed by the computer system's display generation components in the three-dimensional environment.

[0236] This disclosure describes various input methods for interaction with computer systems. Where one example is provided using one input device or method, and another example is provided using a different input device or method, each example may be compatible with the input device or method described in the other example, and their use should be considered optional. Similarly, various output methods for interaction with computer systems are described. Where one example is provided using one output device or method, and another example is provided using a different output device or method, each example may be compatible with the output device or method described in the other example, and their use should be considered optional. Similarly, various methods for interaction with virtual or mixed reality environments via computer systems are described. Where one example is provided using interaction with a virtual environment, and another example is provided using a mixed reality environment, each example may be compatible with the method described in the other example, and their use should be considered optional. Therefore, this disclosure discloses embodiments that are combinations of features of multiple examples, without exhaustively listing all features of the embodiments in the description of each exemplary embodiment. User interface and related processes

[0237] Here, we draw our attention to embodiments of display generation components and user interfaces ("UI") and related processes that may be implemented on a computer system such as a portable multifunction device or head-mounted device, which communicate with (optionally) one or more input devices.

[0238] Figures 7A to 7O show examples of user authentication. Figure 8A is a flowchart of exemplary method 800 for user authentication. Figure 8B is a flowchart of exemplary method 850 for user authentication. The user interfaces in Figures 7A to 7O are used to illustrate the processes described later, including the processes in Figures 8A and 8B.

[0239] Figure 7A shows an electronic device 700 which is a tablet including a touch-sensitive display 702 and one or more input sensors 704 (e.g., one or more cameras, gaze trackers, hand movement trackers, and / or head movement trackers). In some embodiments described below, the electronic device 700 is a tablet. In some embodiments, the electronic device 700 is a smartphone, a wearable device, a wearable smartwatch device, a head-mounted system (e.g., a headset), or another computer system including and / or communicating with one or more display devices (e.g., a display screen, a projection device, etc.). The electronic device 700 is a computer system (e.g., computer system 101 in Figure 1A).

[0240] In Figure 7A, the electronic device 700 is in a low-power, inactive, or sleep state where no content is displayed via the display 702. In Figure 7A, the electronic device 700 detects user input 706. In the illustrated embodiment, user input 706 is touch input via the touchscreen display 702. However, in some embodiments, user input 706 is non-touch input, such as a gesture or other action performed by the user. For example, in some embodiments, the electronic device 700 is a head-mounted system, and user input 706 includes, for example, the user placing the electronic device 700 on their head, performing a gesture while wearing the electronic device 700, and / or pressing a button while wearing the electronic device 700.

[0241] In Figure 7B, in response to user input 706, the electronic device 700 transitions from a low-power state, inactive state, or sleep state to an active state, and the electronic device 700 displays the three-dimensional environment 708 and the gaze object 710 via the display 702. In some embodiments, the three-dimensional environment 708 is displayed by the display (as shown in Figure 7B). In some embodiments, the three-dimensional environment 708 includes a virtual environment or an image (or video) of a physical environment captured by one or more cameras. In some embodiments, the three-dimensional environment 708 is visible to the user behind the gaze object 710 but is not displayed by the display. For example, in some embodiments, the three-dimensional environment 708 is a physical environment that is visible to the user behind the gaze object 710 (e.g., through a transparent display) without being displayed by the display.

[0242] In Figure 7B, the electronic device 700 is in an active state, but is also in a locked state in which one or more features of the device are locked and / or unavailable to the user. In the illustrated embodiment, user authentication is required to unlock the electronic device 700. In Figure 7B, the electronic device 700 is configured to perform user biometric authentication (e.g., user authentication and / or identification based on biometric information collected from the user), including eye-based user authentication (e.g., scanning one or more of the user's eyes (e.g., via input sensor 704) and identifying the user based on the eye scan). To maximize the accuracy of the eye scan and eye-based user authentication, the electronic device 700 displays a gaze object 710 to encourage the user to look at the gaze object 710. In Figure 7B, the three-dimensional environment 708 is visually obscured (e.g., displayed with reduced focus, reduced sharpness, reduced saturation, and / or greater opacity) (as indicated by the dashed lines in Figure 7B) to draw the user's attention and gaze to the gaze object 710. As described above, in some embodiments, the three-dimensional environment 708 is a “pass-through” environment viewed by the user through a transparent display and not displayed by the display. In some such embodiments, the three-dimensional environment 708 is visually de-highlighted by applying masking or other techniques to the area of ​​the display (e.g., display 702) through which the user can view the three-dimensional environment 708. In Figure 7B, the electronic device 700 detects that the user is looking to the left of the display 702, as indicated by the gaze indication 712. The gaze indication 712 is provided for a better understanding of the technique described and is optionally not part of the user interface of the device described (e.g., not displayed by the electronic device).

[0243] In some embodiments, when the electronic device 700 displays the gaze object 710, the electronic device 700 adjusts the brightness of the display 702 based on the user's observed pupil dilation (for example, to adjust and / or control the user's pupil dilation). This is done to maximize the effectiveness and / or accuracy of the eye scan used for eye-based user authentication. For example, in some embodiments, the electronic device 700 adjusts the brightness of one or more virtual elements displayed on the display 702 (e.g., the gaze object 710 and / or other elements) (e.g., making one or more virtual elements brighter to reduce the user's pupil dilation and / or making one or more virtual elements darker to increase the user's pupil dilation). In some embodiments, the electronic device 700 adjusts the brightness of the pass-through environment (e.g., the three-dimensional environment 708).

[0244] In Figure 7C, the user moves their viewpoint so that the display 702 shows different areas of the three-dimensional environment 708. For example, in some embodiments where the electronic device 700 is a head-mounted system, the user shifts their viewpoint by rotating their head while wearing the electronic device 700 (for example, from Figure 7B to Figure 7C, the user rotates their head slightly to the right). However, although the user's viewpoint changes from Figure 7B to Figure 7C, the position of the gaze object 710 in the user's viewpoint (for example, the position of the gaze object 710 on the display 702) does not move as the user's viewpoint moves. In the illustrated embodiments, the gaze object 710 is a viewpoint-locked virtual object. In some embodiments, the gaze object 710 exhibits delayed-following behavior such that when the user changes their viewpoint, the gaze object 710 temporarily stops occupying its default position in the user's field of view, but returns to the default position in a delayed manner.

[0245] In Figure 7C, the electronic device 700 detects, via the input sensor 704, that the user is looking at the gaze target 710, as indicated by the gaze indication 712. In response to the user looking at the gaze target 710, the electronic device 700 performs eye-based user authentication of the user.

[0246] In Figure 7D, when the electronic device 700 performs eye-based user authentication of the user (in some embodiments, in response to the user looking at the gaze target 710 and / or in response to the electronic device 700 initiating eye-based user authentication), the electronic device 700 displays an animation of the gaze target 710 via the display 702. In some embodiments, the animation of the gaze target 710 indicates to the user that the electronic device 700 is performing eye-based user authentication. Furthermore, when the electronic device 700 performs (or after performing) eye-based user authentication of the user (in some embodiments, in response to the user looking at the gaze target 710 and / or in response to the electronic device 700 initiating eye-based user authentication), the electronic device 700 modifies the display of the three-dimensional environment 708 so that the three-dimensional environment 708 is no longer visually obscured (for example, by increasing focus, increasing sharpness, increasing saturation, and / or decreasing opacity), as indicated by the solid lines of the three-dimensional environment 708 in Figure 7D.

[0247] Figure 7E illustrates a first scenario in which eye-based user authentication is successful. For example, in Figure 7E, the electronic device 700 scans the user's eyes (one or more) and determines that the eye scan matches eye scan information corresponding to a known or registered user. In Figure 7E, upon successful user authentication, the electronic device 700 replaces the display of the gaze target 710 with the user interface object 714 to indicate that the user has been successfully authenticated, and the electronic device 700 transitions from a locked state to an unlocked state.

[0248] In FIG. 7F, in response to successful user authentication, the electronic device 700 displays a home user interface 716 overlaid on the three-dimensional environment 708. In some embodiments, the home user interface 716 indicates that the electronic device 700 is in an unlocked state (e.g., a state in which a known and / or registered user is logged in).

[0249] FIG. 7G shows a second scenario in which the user's eye-based user authentication fails. For example, in FIG. 7G, the electronic device 700 scans the user's eye(s) and determines that the eye scan does not match the eye scan information corresponding to any known or registered user. In FIG. 7G, in response to the failure of user authentication, the electronic device 700 displays, via the display 702, different animations of the line-of-sight target 710 indicating that the user authentication has failed (e.g., indicating the sway of the line-of-sight target 710 and / or indicating the color change of the line-of-sight target 710). In response to the failure of authentication, the electronic device 700 also displays a notification 718 instructing the user to directly look at the line-of-sight target 710 or to adjust the position of the electronic device 700. For example, if the electronic device 700 is a head-mounted system, the user can adjust the position of the electronic device 700 on his head.

[0250] Following the display of the notification 718, the electronic device 700 attempts the user's second eye-based authentication (e.g., in response to the user looking at the line-of-sight target 710 and / or after a threshold duration). If the user's second eye-based authentication is successful, the electronic device 700 replaces the line-of-sight target 710 with the user interface object 714 and / or displays the home user interface 716 via the display 702 and transitions from the locked state to the unlocked state, as described above with reference to FIGS. 7E and 7F. However, if the user's second eye-based authentication fails, the electronic device 700 cancels the display of the home user interface 716 and does not transition to the unlocked state (e.g., remains in the locked state).

[0251] In Figure 7H, in response to a determination that the user's second eye-based authentication has failed, the electronic device 700 replaces the display of the gaze target 710 with the display of the passcode entry user interface 720-1. The passcode entry user interface 720-1 includes a number of virtual keys 722A-722K that the user can select to enter passcode information for passcode-based user authentication. For example, the user can select a key to enter passcode information via one or more touch inputs, one or more non-touch inputs, one or more gestures, one or more air gestures, and / or the user's gaze. As described above, in some embodiments, the electronic device 700 is a head-mounted system. In some embodiments, the user interacts with the passcode entry user interface 720-1 based on the user's gaze. In some embodiments, the user interacts with the passcode entry user interface 720-1 based on the user's gaze and one or more other movements by the user. For example, in some embodiments, the user selects a key in the passcode entry user interface 720-1 by looking at a key and performing an air gesture with their hand (e.g., a pinch air gesture and / or a swipe air gesture). The user selects a second key by looking at a second key and performing the same air gesture (e.g., a pinch air gesture and / or a swipe air gesture). If the user enters passcode information that meets the authentication criteria (e.g., matches a passcode corresponding to a known and / or registered user), the electronic device 700 transitions from a locked state to an unlocked state. In some embodiments, the user selects a key in the passcode entry user interface 720-1 by performing a "poke" air gesture at the three-dimensional position corresponding to the key the user wants to select.

[0252] The passcode entry user interface 720-1 also includes a selectable object 722L that can be selected by the user to cause the electronic device 700 to retry the user's biometric authentication (e.g., user biometric authentication and / or eye-based authentication). In some embodiments, the selection of the selectable object 722L causes the electronic device 700 to stop displaying the passcode entry user interface 720-1 and redisplay the gaze target 710.

[0253] In Figure 7I, the user changes their viewpoint as described above with reference to Figures 7B and 7C. As can be seen in Figures 7H and 7I, the user shifts their view slightly to the left, and the display of the three-dimensional environment 708 on display 702 shifts to the right in a corresponding manner. In the illustrated embodiment, the passcode entry user interface 720-1 is an environment-locked virtual object (for example, the selectable keys 722A to 722L of the passcode entry user interface 720-1 are environment-locked virtual objects), and as a result, the passcode entry user interface 720-1 maintains a fixed position within the three-dimensional environment 708 and moves with the three-dimensional environment 708 when the user changes their viewpoint. This is a viewpoint-locked virtual object, in contrast to the gaze object 710, which maintains a fixed position within the user's field of view even when the user changes their field of view. Therefore, in Figure 7I, when the user shifts their viewpoint to the left and the three-dimensional environment 708 moves to the right, the passcode entry user interface 720-1 (and its constituent objects 722A-722L) also moves to the right along with the three-dimensional environment 708.

[0254] In some embodiments, the passcode entry user interface 720-1 is locked into a position within the three-dimensional environment 708 based on the user's viewpoint when user authentication fails and the passcode entry user interface 720-1 is first displayed. For example, in Figure 6H, user authentication fails and the passcode entry user interface 720-1 is displayed in a default area of ​​the display 702, while the user's viewpoint captures a specific area of ​​the three-dimensional environment 708. Because the passcode entry user interface 720-1 is displayed, its position within the three-dimensional environment 708 is locked. If the user was looking at a different part of the three-dimensional environment 708 (e.g., by moving device 700) when user authentication failed, the passcode entry user interface 720-1 will be displayed in a different position within the three-dimensional environment 708 and associated with it.

[0255] In some embodiments, the passcode entry user interface 720-1 is an environment-locked virtual object, but if the user changes their viewpoint by a threshold amount, the position of the passcode entry user interface 720-1 in the three-dimensional environment 708 is changed so that the passcode entry user interface 720-1 remains visible to the user. For example, in some embodiments, if the user moves less than a threshold amount (e.g., as long as the passcode entry user interface 720-1 remains within the user's field of view), the passcode entry user interface 720-1 remains as an environment-locked virtual object and stays in the same position in the three-dimensional environment 708. However, if the user moves beyond a threshold amount (e.g., so that the passcode entry user interface 720-1 is no longer within the user's field of view), the passcode entry user interface 720-1 reappears in a default area within the user's field of view and is repositioned within the three-dimensional environment 708.

[0256] Figure 7J shows a slightly different passcode entry user interface 720-2. In Figure 7J, the passcode entry user interface 720-2 includes all the same virtual keys as the passcode entry user interface 720-1 (722A-722L), but the passcode entry user interface 720-2 also includes selectable objects 722M that can be selected by the user to transition the electronic device 700 from a locked state to a guest mode state. In some embodiments, the guest mode state allows the user to use more functions and / or features than the locked state, but fewer functions and / or features than the unlocked state. For example, in some embodiments, in the guest mode state, the guest user is allowed access to certain content, applications, and / or features that are inaccessible while the electronic device 700 is in a locked state, but is not allowed access to other content, applications, and / or features that are normally accessible to a registered user (e.g., while the electronic device 700 is in an unlocked state) (e.g., navigation options and / or system features (e.g., making phone calls and / or making payments)). As described above, in some embodiments, the electronic device 700 is a head-mounted system that allows only one user to view the displayed content. In some such embodiments, when a user is using the electronic device 700 in guest mode, the electronic device 700 transmits information to a companion device (e.g., a smartphone, tablet, or other computing system) (e.g., a companion device corresponding to an authorized user of the electronic device 700) as a result, the companion device displays what the guest user is viewing on the electronic device 700 in guest mode. In this way, an authorized user who has permitted the guest user to temporarily use the electronic device 700 in guest mode can see what the guest user is viewing and / or doing on the electronic device 700.In some embodiments, when an authorized user removes the electronic device 700 from their body (for example, removing the head-mounted system from their head), the electronic device 700 automatically transitions from an unlocked state to a locked state to prevent unauthorized access.

[0257] In some embodiments, in response to the failed user authentication in Figure 7G, the electronic device 700 determines whether one or more guest mode criteria are met. If one or more guest mode criteria are met, the electronic device 700 displays a passcode entry user interface 720-2 containing object 722M; otherwise, the electronic device 700 displays a passcode entry user interface 720-1 that does not contain object 722M. In some embodiments, the guest mode criteria include criteria that are met if the most recent previous user of the electronic device 700 was an authorized user (e.g., a user who successfully authenticated). In some embodiments, the guest mode criteria include criteria that are met if the electronic device 700 has been in a locked state for less than a threshold duration. In some embodiments, the guest mode criteria include criteria that are met if an authorized user of the electronic device 700 has enabled guest use of the electronic device 700.

[0258] In Figure 7J, the electronic device 700 detects a user input 703 corresponding to the selection of a selectable object 722M. In Figure 7J, the user input 703 includes a touch input on a touch-sensitive display 702. In some embodiments, the electronic device 700 is a head-mounted system, and the user input 703 includes one or more non-touch inputs. For example, in some embodiments, the user input 703 includes a determination that the user is gazing at a selectable object 722M (as indicated, for example, by gaze indication 712), and in some embodiments, the user performs a gesture (e.g., an air gesture (e.g., a pinch air gesture, a tap air gesture, and / or a poke air gesture)) while gazing at the selectable object 722M.

[0259] In Figure 7J-1, in response to user input 703, the electronic device 700 transitions to a guest mode state, as indicated by the visual indication 707a. The guest mode state allows the user to utilize more functions and / or features than the locked state, but fewer than the unlocked state. For example, in Figure 7J-1, the electronic device 700 displays a media player user interface 705 via the display 702, playing video content 709, which is a video of a horse. The media player user interface 705 includes a play / pause button 707b that can be selected by the user (e.g., a guest user) to pause and / or resume playback of the video content 709. However, because the electronic device 700 is operating in guest mode, it locks and / or prevents access to one or more features that are normally available and / or accessible in the unlocked state. For example, in Figure 7J-1, the media player user interface 705 includes an object 707c that may be selectable by the user to close the media player 705 and display a folder user interface containing one or more additional content items (e.g., photos and / or videos) contained within a folder and / or album (e.g., a folder and / or album containing videos 709) when the electronic device 700 is operating in an unlocked state. However, because the electronic device 700 is in guest mode, object 707c is not selectable by the guest user, and the user cannot exit the media player 705 and / or view the additional content items contained within the folder and / or album.Similarly, the media player user interface includes an object 707d that is selectable to stop displaying the media player user interface 705 and display the home screen user interface (e.g., interface 716) when the electronic device 700 is unlocked, and an object 707e that is selectable to open the messenger application user interface to share video content 709 via the messenger application when the electronic device 700 is unlocked. However, since the electronic device 700 is in guest mode, object 707d is not selectable (e.g., the guest user is prohibited from accessing the home screen user interface), and object 707e is also not selectable (e.g., the guest user is prohibited from sharing video content 709 and / or accessing the messenger application).

[0260] In some embodiments, including the illustrated embodiment, when the electronic device 700 is operating in guest mode, the content displayed on the electronic device 700 is also displayed (e.g., transmitted and displayed) on an external electronic device corresponding to an authorized, registered, and / or known user of the electronic device 700. In Figure 7J-1, the external device 711 is a smartphone having a touchscreen display 713 corresponding to a registered user of the electronic device 700. In response to the electronic device 700 displaying video content 709, the external device 711 also displays video content 715 corresponding to video content 709 via the display 713. This allows registered and / or known users to monitor which content is being viewed on the electronic device 700 by the guest user.

[0261] The various exemplary embodiments described above with reference to Figures 7A to 7J primarily dealt with user authentication for transitioning the electronic device 700 from a locked state to an unlocked state. In some embodiments, the user authentication methods described herein may also be used to authenticate and / or authorize other features, such as initiating a transfer (e.g., a transfer of credentials and / or payment transactions (e.g., sending payment information to an external device)).

[0262] In Figure 7K, the user is using the electronic device 700 to make a payment to Computers.com, as shown by the payment user interface 724. The payment user interface 724 includes instructions for the user to perform a double-click gesture to confirm the payment to Computers.com. In Figure 7K, the electronic device 700 detects a user input 726 corresponding to a double press of a hardware button 728 and confirms the user's request to send payment information to Computers.com. In some embodiments, the user input 726 is a different type of input, such as touch input, gesture, and / or air gesture. In some embodiments, if the electronic device 700 is a head-mounted system, the hardware button 728 is located on an external part of the electronic device 700 so that the user can perform a double-click gesture while continuing to wear the head-mounted system on the user's head.

[0263] In Figure 7L, in response to user input 726, the electronic device 700 displays the gaze target 710 and an instruction 730 instructing the user to look at the gaze target 710 to complete the payment transaction. In some embodiments, as described above, the gaze target 710 is a gaze-locked virtual object. In some embodiments, the gaze target 710 is a gaze-locked virtual object, and the payment user interface 724 is an environment-locked virtual object (for example, locked to a specific position in a three-dimensional environment 708). In Figure 7L, the electronic device 700 determines that the user is looking at the gaze target 710, as indicated by the gaze indication 712. In response to detecting that the user is looking at the gaze target 710, the electronic device 700 performs biometric authentication of the user (for example, eye-based authentication).

[0264] Figure 7M shows the first scenario in which user biometric authentication is successful. Accordingly, the electronic device 700 displays an indication 732 via the display 702 that user biometric authentication was successful and sends payment information to Computers.com.

[0265] Figure 7N illustrates a second scenario in which user biometric authentication fails. Accordingly, the electronic device 700 refrains from sending payment information to Computers.com and displays a passcode user interface 720-1 for the user to manually enter passcode information to authenticate the transmission of payment information (for example, using gaze and / or air gestures if the electronic device 700 is a head-mounted system). If the user enters passcode information that successfully authenticates the user, the electronic device 700 sends the payment information to Computers.com. However, if the user does not enter passcode information that successfully authenticates the user, the electronic device 700 refrains from sending payment information to Computers.com.

[0266] In some embodiments, the technology and user interface described in Figures 7A to 7N are provided by one or more of the devices described in Figures 1A to 1P. Figure 70 shows an embodiment in which a user interface 720-2 (for example, as described in Figure 7J) is displayed on the display module 702M of a head-mounted device (HMD) 700M. In Figure 70, the passcode entry user interface 720-2 includes virtual keys 722A to 722L for entering passcode information, and also includes selectable objects 722M that can be selected by the user to transition the HMD 700M from a locked state to a guest mode state. In some embodiments, the guest mode state allows the user to use more functions and / or features than the locked state, but fewer functions and / or features than the unlocked state. For example, in some embodiments, in guest mode, a guest user is permitted access to certain content, applications, and / or features that are inaccessible while the HMD700M is locked, but is not permitted access to other content, applications, and / or features that are normally accessible to a registered user (e.g., navigation options and / or system features (e.g., making phone calls and / or making payments)) (e.g., while the HMD700M is unlocked). As described above, in some embodiments, the HMD700M is a head-mounted system that allows only one user to view the displayed content. In some such embodiments, when a user is using the HMD700M in guest mode, the HMD700M transmits information to a companion device (e.g., a smartphone, tablet, or other computing system) (e.g., a companion device corresponding to an authorized user of the HMD700M) as a result, the companion device displays what the guest user is viewing on the HMD700M in guest mode.In this way, an authorized user who has permitted a guest user to temporarily use the HMD700M in guest mode can see what the guest user is looking at and / or doing on the HMD700M. In some embodiments, when an authorized user removes the HMD700M from their body (e.g., removes the head-mounted system from their head), the HMD700M automatically transitions from an unlocked state to a locked state to prevent unauthorized access.

[0267] In some embodiments, in response to a failed user authentication (for example, as described above with reference to Figure 7G), the HMD700M determines whether one or more guest mode criteria are met. If one or more guest mode criteria are met, the HMD700M displays a passcode entry user interface 720-2 containing object 722M; if the guest mode criteria are not met, the HMD700M displays a passcode entry user interface 720-1 that does not contain object 722M (for example, as described above with reference to Figures 7H to 7I). In some embodiments, the guest mode criteria include criteria that are met if the most recent previous user of the HMD700M was an authorized user (for example, a user who successfully authenticated). In some embodiments, the guest mode criteria include criteria that are met if the HMD700M has been in a locked state for less than a threshold duration. In some embodiments, the guest mode criteria include criteria that are met if an authorized user of the HMD700M has enabled guest use of the HMD700M.

[0268] In Figure 7O, the HMD 700M detects a user input 703M corresponding to the selection of a selectable object 722M. In some embodiments, the user input 703M includes one or more non-touch inputs. For example, in some embodiments, the user input 703M includes a determination that the user is gazing at a selectable object 722M (as indicated, for example, by gaze indication 712), and in some embodiments, the user performs a gesture (e.g., an air gesture (e.g., a pinch air gesture, a tap air gesture, and / or a poke air gesture)) while gazing at the selectable object 722M.

[0269] In some embodiments, the device 700M includes a pair of display modules that provide stereoscopic content to different eyes of the same user. For example, the HMD 700M includes a display module 702M (which provides content to the user's left eye) and a second display module (which provides content to the user's right eye). In some embodiments, the second display module displays a slightly different image from the display module 702M in order to create the illusion of three-dimensional depth.

[0270] Any of the features, components, and / or parts shown in Figures 1B to 1P, including their arrangement and configuration, may be included in the HMD700M, either individually or in any combination. For example, in some embodiments, the HMD700M includes any of the features, components, and / or parts of HMD1-100, 1-200, 3-100, 6-100, 6-200, 6-300, 6-400, 11.1.1-100, and / or 11.1.2-100, either individually or in any combination. In some embodiments, the display module 702M includes display units 1-102, 1-202, 1-306, 1-406, display generation component 120, display screens 1-122a-b, first and second rear-facing display screens 1-322a, 1-322b, display 11.3.2-104, first and second display assemblies 1-120a, 1-120b, display assembly 1-320, display assembly 1-421, The first and second display subassemblies 1-420a, 1-420b, display assembly 3-108, display assembly 11.3.2-204, first and second optical modules 11.1.1-104a and 11.1.1-104b, optical module 11.3.2-100, optical module 11.3.2-200, lenticular lens array 3-110, display area or area 6-232, and / or features, components, and / or parts of the display / display area 6-334, either individually or in any combination. In some embodiments, the sensor 707M includes, individually or in any combination, any of the features, components, and / or parts of any of the sensors 190, 306, 314, 404, 1-356, 1-456, 6-102, 6-202, 6-203, 6-302, 6-303, 6-402, and / or any of the features, components, and / or parts of sensors 11.1.2-110a to 110f.In some embodiments, input devices 704M, 706aM, and / or 706bM include, individually or in any combination, any feature, component, and / or part of any of the first buttons 1-128, buttons 11.1.1-114, second buttons 1-132, and / or dials or buttons 1-328. In some embodiments, HMD700M optionally includes one or more audio output components (e.g., electronic components 1-112) for generating audio feedback (e.g., audio output 711c) generated based on detected events and / or user input detected by HMD700M.

[0271] Further explanations regarding Figures 7A to 7O are provided below with reference to methods 800 and 850 described with respect to Figures 7A to 7O.

[0272] Figure 8A is a flowchart of an exemplary method 800 for user authentication according to several embodiments. In some embodiments, the method 800 is executed in a computer system (e.g., 700) (e.g., computer system 101 in Figure 1A) which includes one or more display generating components (e.g., 702) (e.g., display generating component 120 in Figures 1A, 3, and 4) (e.g., a head-up display, a display, a touchscreen, a projector, etc.) and one or more input devices (e.g., 704) (e.g., one or more buttons, one or more eye movement trackers, one or more hand movement trackers, one or more cameras (e.g., cameras (e.g., color sensors, infrared sensors, and other depth-sensing cameras))). In some embodiments, the method 800 is stored in a non-temporary (or temporary) computer-readable storage medium and managed by instructions executed by one or more processors of the computer system, such as one or more processors 202 of the computer system 101 (e.g., control unit 110 in Figure 1A). Some of the operations of method 800 are combined in an optional manner, and / or the order of some operations is changed in an optional manner.

[0273] In some embodiments, a computer system (e.g., 700) detects a request to authenticate a user (e.g., 706) via one or more input devices (e.g., 704) (802) (e.g., detecting that at least a portion of the computer system is positioned on the body of an individual user and / or detecting one or more user inputs indicating a request to authenticate the user (e.g., one or more gestures, one or more touchscreen inputs, one or more button presses, and / or one or more rotations of a rotatable input mechanism)). In some embodiments, a request to authenticate the user corresponds to a request to grant access to one or more features of the computer system (e.g., one or more sets of content, one or more user interfaces, one or more files, and / or one or more applications) (e.g., unlocking and / or displaying). In some embodiments, the computer system is a head-mounted system, and detecting a request to authenticate the user includes detecting that the user has positioned the head-mounted system on their head.

[0274] In response to detecting a request to authenticate a user (804), the computer system displays a first authentication user interface (e.g., the user interface shown in Figure 7B) in a three-dimensional environment (e.g., 708) (e.g., a virtual three-dimensional environment and / or a pass-through three-dimensional environment) via one or more display generating components (e.g., 702), the first user interface object (e.g., 710) being a viewpoint lock object that remains within a distinct region of the user's field of view when the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment (e.g., 708) (in some embodiments, the first user interface does not include an environment lock object), and the first user interface object is part of the user interface for biometric authentication (806) (e.g., the user interface in Figure 7B is the user interface for biometric authentication) (e.g., a viewpoint object for eye or face-based biometric authentication).

[0275] Following the display of a first authentication user interface in a three-dimensional environment (808) (for example, while the first authentication user interface is being displayed and / or following the discontinuation of the display of the first authentication user interface), the computer system performs first authentication of the user (e.g., Figures 7C-7D) (e.g., biometric authentication (e.g., comparing biometric information collected from the user with one or more biometric profiles stored on and / or accessible to the computer system (e.g., one or more biometric profiles corresponding to one or more known and / or registered users)) and / or non-biometric authentication (e.g., authentication of a user that does not use biometric information (e.g., password and / or passcode-based authentication)) (810). In some embodiments, the computer system is a head-mounted system, and performing first authentication of the user includes performing biometric authentication (e.g., eye scan and / or face scan) while the user is wearing the head-mounted system on their head.

[0276] In response to having performed a first authentication of the user (812), and in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user failed to authenticate the user (814) (for example, in accordance with the determination that the biometric information collected from the user does not match one or more biometric profiles stored in and / or accessible to the computer system (for example, in accordance with the determination that it does not match biometric information corresponding to one or more known and / or registered users)), and / or in accordance with the determination that the authentication information provided by the user (for example, entered by the user) does not match the authentication information of known and / or registered users, the computer system may perform one or more The display generation component (e.g., 702) displays a second authentication user interface (e.g., 720-1, 720-2) distinct from the first authentication user interface (e.g., 710), the second authentication user interface includes a second user interface object (e.g., 722A-722K) (e.g., a keyboard, keypad, and / or a user interface object that the user can select and / or interact with to provide one or more inputs to the computer system) (816), which is an environment lock object that moves outside a distinct area of ​​the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment. In some embodiments, the second user interface does not include a viewpoint lock object.

[0277] In some embodiments, the computer system is a head-mounted system. In some embodiments, the three-dimensional environment includes an optical passthrough environment (e.g., a physical real environment) that is visible to the user through a transparent display generating component (e.g., a transparent optical lens display) on which a first authentication user interface and a second authentication user interface are displayed. In some embodiments, the three-dimensional environment includes a virtual three-dimensional environment displayed by one or more display generating components. In some embodiments, the three-dimensional environment includes a virtual passthrough environment displayed by one or more display generating components (e.g., a virtual passthrough environment which is a virtual representation of the user's physical real-world environment (e.g., captured by one or more cameras communicating with the computer system)).

[0278] In some embodiments, in response to having performed a first authentication of a user, and in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user was successful in authenticating the user (for example, in accordance with the determination that biometric information collected from the user matches one or more biometric profiles stored and / or accessible in the computer system (for example, matching biometric profiles corresponding to known and / or registered users)), and / or in accordance with the determination that authentication information provided by the user (for example, entered by the user) matches authentication information of known and / or registered users, the computer system displays a third user interface indicating successful user authentication via one or more display generation components, the third user interface being different from the first and second authentication user interfaces.

[0279] Displaying a first user interface object, which is part of the user interface for biometric authentication, as a viewpoint lock object improves the usability of the computer system by helping the user provide appropriate input and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the computer system, by keeping the first user interface object within the user's view when the computer system performs biometric authentication. Displaying a second user interface object as an environment lock object improves the usability of the computer system by helping the user provide appropriate input and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with the computer system, by keeping the second user interface object stationary when the user provides input. Displaying the second authentication user interface in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has failed to authenticate the user provides the user with visual feedback regarding the state of the system (e.g., that the system has failed to authenticate the user), thereby providing the user with improved visual feedback. Displaying the second authentication user interface in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has failed to authenticate the user allows the user to retry authentication without requiring additional user input to display the second authentication user interface, thereby reducing the number of inputs required to perform the action.

[0280] In some embodiments, in response to having performed a first authentication of the user (e.g., Figures 7C-7D) and in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has failed to authenticate the user, the computer system discontinues displaying a first user interface object (e.g., 710) (e.g., computer system 700 discontinues displaying the gaze object 710 in Figure 7H) (and optionally discontinues displaying the first authentication user interface). In some embodiments, the computer system discontinues displaying the first user interface object and displays the second authentication user interface while maintaining the display of at least a portion of the three-dimensional environment. Discontinuing displaying the first user interface object in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has failed to authenticate the user provides the user with visual feedback regarding the state of the system (e.g., that the system has failed to authenticate the user), thereby providing the user with improved visual feedback.

[0281] While displaying the second authentication user interface (e.g., 720-1, 720-2), the computer system detects first user inputs (e.g., 712, and / or one or more gestures) corresponding to the selection of first display elements (e.g., 722A-722K) in the second authentication user interface via one or more input devices (e.g., 704) (e.g., touch input, non-touch input, air gestures (e.g., pinch air gesture and / or tap air gesture) (e.g., first, having orientation and / or position (e.g., three-dimensional position) corresponding to the first display element) In response to detecting a first user input corresponding to a selection of a first display element (e.g., 722A-722M) in a second authentication user interface (e.g., 720-1, 720-2), such as an air gesture and / or a user's gaze corresponding to a first display element (e.g., a user's gaze remaining over the first display element for a threshold duration and / or a user's gaze combined with a gesture), the computer system receives first user authentication information corresponding to the first display element (e.g., inputting first characters (e.g., letters and / or numbers) corresponding to the first display element as part of the user authentication information). In some embodiments, upon receiving the first user authentication information corresponding to the first display element, the computer system displays an indication via a display generation component that the computer system has received the first user authentication information.

[0282] In some embodiments, the second authentication user interface includes a virtual keyboard and / or keypad having a plurality of keys that the user can interact with and / or select to enter user authentication information. In some embodiments, if correct authentication information (e.g., authentication information that matches a known password or passcode corresponding to a known and / or registered user) is entered, the computer system transitions to an unlocked state (e.g., from an unlocked state). In some embodiments, if incorrect authentication information (e.g., authentication information that does not match a known password or passcode corresponding to a known and / or registered user) is entered, the computer system remains locked.

[0283] In some embodiments, receiving user authentication information includes receiving multiple user inputs corresponding to multiple selections of one or more display elements (e.g., 722A-722M) within a second authentication user interface (e.g., 720-1, 720-2), and receiving corresponding authentication information until the user completes entering a passcode and / or password.

[0284] Allowing users to enter authentication information by performing one or more gestures improves the usability of the computer system and makes the user-device interface more efficient by providing additional control options without cluttering the user interface with additional displayed controls.

[0285] By displaying a second authentication user interface upon determining that the user's first authentication failed, the user can retry authentication without requiring additional user input to display the second authentication user interface, thereby reducing the number of inputs required to perform the action.

[0286] In some embodiments, a second user interface object (e.g., 722A-722M) is displayed in a first position within a three-dimensional environment (e.g., 708) (e.g., permanently displayed in a first position within the three-dimensional environment (e.g., the second user interface object is an environment lock object permanently displayed in a first position within the three-dimensional environment)), and the first position is determined based on the user's field of view of the computer system when the first authentication is performed (e.g., Figures 7G-7I) (e.g., the second user interface object is centered within the user's field of view when the first authentication is performed and / or positioned in a predetermined position within the user's field of view when the first authentication is performed). In some embodiments, the first position is determined based on the position of the first user interface object when the first authentication is performed (e.g., the second user interface object is positioned in the same position as the first user interface object when the first authentication is performed and / or positioned in a predetermined position relative to the first user interface object when the first authentication is performed). Displaying a second user interface object in a location within a three-dimensional environment based on the user's field of view when the first authentication is performed provides the user with improved visual feedback by displaying the second user interface object in a position within the three-dimensional environment that is easily visible to the user, thereby helping the user provide appropriate input and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with a computer system.

[0287] In some embodiments, a first user interface object (e.g., 710) occupies a separate position in a three-dimensional environment (e.g., 708) when the first authentication of the user is performed (e.g., Figures 7D, 7G) (e.g., when the first authentication of the user is initiated and / or when the first authentication of the user is completed), and a second user interface object (e.g., 720-1, 720-2, 722A-722M) is displayed in a separate position in the three-dimensional environment (e.g., 708) (e.g., Figure 7H). In some embodiments, in response to the first authentication of the user being performed and in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has failed to authenticate the user, the computer system replaces the display of the first user interface object in a separate position in the three-dimensional environment with the display of the second user interface object in a separate position in the three-dimensional environment. Displaying a second user interface object in a location within a three-dimensional environment based on the displayed position of the first user interface object when the first authentication is performed provides the user with improved visual feedback by displaying the second user interface object in a position within the three-dimensional environment that is easily visible to the user, thereby helping the user provide appropriate input and reducing user errors when operating / interacting with a computer system.

[0288] In some embodiments, in response to having performed a first authentication of a user (e.g., Figures 7C-7D), and in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user was successful (e.g., the determination that the biometric information collected from the user matches one or more biometric profiles stored on and / or accessible to the computer system (e.g., matching biometric profiles corresponding to known and / or registered users)), and / or in accordance with the determination that the authentication information provided by the user (e.g., entered by the user) matches the authentication information of known and / or registered users, the computer system displays a success user interface (e.g., 714, 716) (e.g., a home screen user interface, and / or a user interface associated with and / or corresponding to a particular user (e.g., showing the successful authentication of a particular user)) via one or more display generating components (e.g., 702) that indicates successful user authentication, and the success user interface is different from the first authentication user interface and the second authentication user interface. In some embodiments, the computer system displays the success user interface without displaying the second authentication user interface. Displaying a success user interface upon determini...

Claims

1. A method to be performed by a computer system that communicates with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices, The detection of a user authentication request via one or more input devices, Upon detecting the request to authenticate the user, Displaying a first authentication user interface, including a first user interface object, in a three-dimensional environment via one or more of the aforementioned display generation components, The first user interface object is a viewpoint lock object that remains within a specific region of the user's field of view when the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment. The first user interface object is part of the user interface for biometric authentication. That thing, Following the display of the first authentication user interface within the three-dimensional environment, the first authentication of the user is performed. In response to having performed the first authentication of the user, In accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has failed to authenticate the user, a second authentication user interface different from the first authentication user interface is displayed via one or more display generation components, wherein the second authentication user interface includes a second user interface object which is an environment lock object that moves outside the individual region of the user's field of view as the user's viewpoint shifts relative to the three-dimensional environment. Methods that include...

2. In response to having performed the first authentication of the user, In accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user failed to authenticate the user, The method according to claim 1, further comprising discontinuing the display of the first user interface object.

3. While the second authentication user interface is displayed, a first user input corresponding to the selection of a first display element in the second authentication user interface is detected via one or more input devices, The method according to claim 1, further comprising detecting a first user input corresponding to the selection of the first display element in the second authentication user interface, and receiving first user authentication information corresponding to the first display element.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the second user interface object is displayed at a first position in the three-dimensional environment, the first position being determined based on the user's field of view of the computer system when the first authentication is performed.

5. The first user interface object occupies a separate position in the three-dimensional environment when the first authentication of the user is performed. The method according to claim 4, wherein the second user interface object is displayed at the individual position in the three-dimensional environment.

6. In response to having performed the first authentication of the user, The method according to claim 1, further comprising displaying a success user interface indicating successful user authentication via one or more display generating components, in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has succeeded in authenticating the user, wherein the success user interface is different from the first authentication user interface and the second authentication user interface.

7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising displaying a visual animation, which includes one or more visual changes to the first user interface object, via one or more display generating components, in response to performing the first authentication of the user.

8. Displaying the aforementioned visual animation means In accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has failed to authenticate the user, the first animation is displayed via one or more display generation components. The method according to claim 7, comprising displaying a second animation different from the first animation via one or more display generation components, in accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has succeeded in authenticating the user.

9. Before performing the first authentication of the user and while displaying the first user interface object, the three-dimensional environment is displayed using a first set of visual properties via one or more display generation components, A method further comprising, following the first authentication of the user, displaying the three-dimensional environment via one or more display generation components using a second set of visual characteristics different from the first set of visual characteristics, wherein when the three-dimensional environment is displayed using the first set of visual characteristics, the three-dimensional environment is visually less emphasized than when the three-dimensional environment is displayed using the second set of visual characteristics.

10. While the first authentication user interface is being displayed, which includes displaying the first user interface object, In accordance with the determination that one or more pupils of the authenticated user are dilated by a first amount, the one or more display generation components are instructed to output a first amount of light. The method according to claim 1, further comprising causing one or more display generating components to output a second amount of light in accordance with the computer system's determination that one or more of the user's pupils are dilated by a second amount different from the first amount.

11. Causing one or more display generation components to output the first amount of light includes displaying the first element of the first authentication user interface at a first brightness through the one or more display generation components. The method according to claim 10, wherein causing one or more display generation components to output the second amount of light includes displaying the first element of the first authentication user interface with a second brightness different from the first brightness via the one or more display generation components.

12. Causing one or more of the display generation components to output the first amount of light includes displaying the three-dimensional environment at a third brightness through the one or more of the display generation components. The method according to claim 10, wherein causing one or more display generation components to output the second amount of light includes displaying the three-dimensional environment with a fourth brightness different from the third brightness via the one or more display generation components.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first user interface object is a viewpoint lock object exhibiting delayed tracking behavior.

14. While the second authentication user interface is displayed at the first position in the three-dimensional environment, the movement of the user is detected via one or more input devices. Upon detecting the movement by the user, The method according to claim 1, further comprising: repositioning the second authentication user interface to a second position in the three-dimensional environment different from the first position, in accordance with a determination that the movement by the user satisfies a movement threshold criterion, thereby placing the second authentication user interface at the center of the user's field of view.

15. A method further comprising receiving user authentication information based on one or more user inputs while the second authentication user interface is being displayed, wherein the receiving is: The user's gaze corresponding to the first display element in the second authentication user interface is detected via one or more input devices. While continuously detecting the user's gaze corresponding to the first display element in the second authentication user interface, a first pinch air gesture is detected via one or more input devices. The method according to claim 1, comprising: receiving first user authentication information corresponding to the first display element in response to detecting a first pinch air gesture while continuously detecting the user's gaze corresponding to the first display element in the second authentication user interface.

16. A method further comprising receiving user authentication information based on one or more user inputs while the second authentication user interface is being displayed, wherein the receiving is: To detect a first air gesture corresponding to the selection of a first display element in the second authentication user interface via one or more input devices, The method according to claim 1, further comprising detecting a first air gesture corresponding to the selection of the first display element in the second authentication user interface, and receiving first user authentication information corresponding to the first display element.

17. While the second authentication user interface is displayed, The user's gaze is detected via one or more input devices, corresponding to the first display element in the second authentication user interface. In response to detecting the user's gaze corresponding to the first display element, In accordance with the determination that the user gazed at the first display element for a threshold duration, the first user authentication information corresponding to the first display element is entered. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: determining that the user has not gazed at the first display element for the duration of the threshold duration; and ceasing to input the first user authentication information corresponding to the first display element.

18. While the second authentication user interface is displayed, user input corresponding to the selection of a first object in the second authentication user interface is detected via one or more input devices, The method according to claim 1, further comprising: detecting the user input corresponding to the selection of the first object in the second authentication user interface; and performing biometric authentication of the user.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the second user interface object includes a visual element corresponding to the first user interface object.

20. While the second authentication user interface is displayed, user input corresponding to the selection of a second object in the second authentication user interface is detected via one or more input devices, The method according to claim 1, further comprising detecting the user input corresponding to the selection of the second object in the second authentication user interface, and transitioning the computer system from a locked state to a guest mode state in which a first set of features is made accessible to the user without successful user authentication.

21. Following the display of the first authentication user interface within the three-dimensional environment, the second authentication of the user is performed. In response to having performed the second authentication of the user, The method according to claim 1, further comprising: displaying visual guidance via one or more display generating components instructing the user to change their gaze position, in accordance with the determination that the second authentication of the user has failed to authenticate the user.

22. Following the display of the first authentication user interface within the three-dimensional environment, the second authentication of the user is performed. In response to having performed the second authentication of the user, In accordance with the determination that the second authentication of the user has failed to authenticate the user, visual guidance is displayed via one or more display generating components instructing the user to change the physical position of the computer system relative to the user's body. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: displaying a success user interface indicating the success of user authentication via one or more display generation components, in accordance with the determination that the second authentication of the user has succeeded in authenticating the user.

23. In response to having performed the first authentication of the user, In accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has succeeded in authenticating the user, and in accordance with the determination that the request for authenticating the user corresponds to a request for unlocking the computer system, Unlock the aforementioned computer system, In accordance with the determination that the first authentication of the user has succeeded in authenticating the user, and in accordance with the determination that the request for user authentication corresponds to a request for authorization of secure operation, The method according to claim 1, further comprising authorizing the secure operation.

24. A computer program that causes a computer to perform the method described in any one of claims 1 to 23.

25. A memory storing the computer program described in claim 24, One or more processors capable of executing the computer program stored in the memory, A computer system comprising, The computer system is configured to communicate with one or more display generation components and one or more input devices. Computer system.

26. Means for carrying out the method described in any one of claims 1 to 23 A computer system equipped with the following features.

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