Crushing method and rock splitting device

Abstract

It efficiently crushes materials such as bedrock, concrete structures, and rocks. [Solution] A wedge member having a protruding portion that extends in a second direction opposite to the first direction in which the bore is formed is inserted into the bore while being supported from the outside of the bore. At the same time, multiple blade members are inserted into the bore so as to be slidable relative to the protruding portion while positioned around it. Then, the wedge member is moved in the second direction from the outside of the bore while the multiple blade members are in sliding contact with the protruding portion. This causes the multiple blade members to be separated from each other inside the bore and pressed against the inner wall surface of the bore to crush the material to be crushed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a crushing method for crushing the vicinity of a drilled hole of a crushed object in which a drilled hole is formed in a first direction, and a rock drilling apparatus suitable for the crushing method. Here, the crushed object includes a rock mass, a concrete structure, a rock, and the like.

Background Art

[0002] The inventor of the present application has created a technique for crushing a crushed object by arranging a wedge member and a plurality of movable members in a drilled hole formed in the crushed object and then driving the wedge member substantially parallel to the formation direction of the drilled hole to move the movable members to the inner wall surface of the drilled hole and applying pressure obliquely upward from the tip of the movable members (Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In the related art, pressure is applied from the tip of the movable member toward the vicinity of the drilled hole, which is an effective means for efficiently crushing the vicinity of the surface of the drilled hole. However, since the crushing range is limited to the vicinity of the surface of the drilled hole, in order to crush to a certain depth, it is necessary to repeatedly perform the above crushing process, and there is room for improvement in terms of efficiency.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a technique for efficiently crushing a crushed object such as a rock mass, a concrete structure, or a rock.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention is A rock-splitting device for splitting rock near a bore formed in a first direction on a workpiece to be crushed, comprising: a wedge member that can be inserted into the bore with a projection portion that protrudes in a second direction opposite to the first direction toward the bore opening; a wedge support member that supports the wedge member inserted into the bore so as to be movable in the second direction; a plurality of wing members that are arranged around the projection portion and are slidable relative to the projection portion; and a moving part that moves the wedge support member in the second direction while the plurality of wing members are in sliding contact with the projection portion inside the bore, wherein as the wedge support member moves by the moving part and the wedge member moves in the second direction, the plurality of wing members move in the radial direction of the bore inside the bore. The wedge members press against the inner wall surface of the borehole while being spaced apart from each other, introducing cracks near the borehole of the material to be crushed. The wedge members have an axially symmetric conical or frustoconical shape about a central axis parallel to the first and second directions, and have a through hole that penetrates along the central axis. The wedge support member has a long member inserted through the through hole and a support plate member that supports the wedge member by being connected to the end of the long member on the first direction side while abutting with the end face of the wedge member on the first direction side inside the borehole. The movable part is connected to the end of the long member on the second direction side, and by moving the long member in the second direction, the long member, the support plate member, and the wedge member are moved together in the second direction. characterized by the following.

[0007] Furthermore, a second aspect of the present invention is a crushing method for crushing the vicinity of a borehole in a material to be crushed using a rock-splitting device, wherein a support plate component The method is characterized by comprising the steps of: inserting a wedge support member into the borehole so that it is located inside the borehole; inserting a wedge member into the borehole with a through hole inserted through a long member; inserting a plurality of wing members into the borehole so that they are slidable relative to the protruding portion while being positioned around the protruding portion; and moving the support plate member and the wedge member together in the second direction by moving the long member in the second direction from the outside of the borehole while keeping the plurality of wing members in sliding contact with the protruding portion, thereby pressing the plurality of wing members against the inner wall surface of the borehole while separating them from each other in the radial direction of the borehole, and crushing the material to be crushed.

[0008] In this configuration, as the wedge member moves in the second direction while the multiple blade members are in sliding contact with the inclined surface, the multiple blade members move in a direction perpendicular to the second direction (the radial direction of the borehole). As a result, the multiple blade members move apart from each other in the radial direction of the borehole and press against the inner wall surface of the borehole, introducing cracks near the borehole. In this way, the material to be crushed is crushed over a relatively wide area. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] As described above, according to the present invention, the material to be crushed can be efficiently crushed. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0010] [Figure 1] This is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the rock-splitting device according to the present invention. [Figure 2] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the rock splitting device. [Figure 3] This diagram schematically shows each step in one embodiment of the crushing method according to the present invention. [Figure 4] This diagram schematically shows each step in one embodiment of the crushing method according to the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0011] Figure 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the rock-splitting device according to the present invention. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the rock-splitting device shown in Figure 1, where (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Figure 1, and (b) to (d) are cross-sectional views at different depth positions. The rock-splitting device 1 is a device for efficiently fracturing the area near a borehole 3 that has been pre-formed in the depth direction Z1 (corresponding to the "first direction" of the present invention) in the material to be crushed 2, such as bedrock, concrete structures, or rocks, by introducing a crack into the area near the borehole 3.

[0012] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the rock splitting device 1 includes a wedge member 4, two wing members 51 and 52, a wedge support member 6, and a movable part 7. The wedge member 4 has a projection 41 that protrudes in the opening direction Z2 (corresponding to the "second direction" of the present invention) opposite to the depth direction Z1. The wedge member 4 can be inserted into the borehole 3 with the projection 41 facing the opening 31 of the borehole 3. In this embodiment, the projection 41 of the wedge member 4 has an axially symmetric frustoconical shape centered on a central axis AX parallel to the depth direction Z1 and the opening direction Z2, and the entire outer surface of the projection 41 is an inclined surface 42. The wedge member 4 is also provided with a through hole 43 that penetrates along the central axis AX.

[0013] In this embodiment, a wedge support member 6 is provided to support the wedge member 4 configured in this way so that it can move freely in the opening direction Z2 inside the borehole 3. This wedge support member 6 has a long member 61 and a support plate member 62. The long member 61 is made of PC steel rods or stranded wire made by twisting high-strength steel wires together, and is inserted through the through hole 43 of the wedge member 4. In this embodiment, the long member 61 is made of one PC steel rod, but the long member 61 may be made of multiple PC steel rods, etc.

[0014] Furthermore, the end of the elongated member 61 on the depth direction Z1 side protrudes from the through hole 43 of the wedge member 4 in the depth direction Z1, and a support plate member 62 is attached to this end. The support plate member 62 has an outer diameter that is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 43 and smaller than the inner diameter of the borehole 3. In this embodiment, the support plate member 62 is made of a disc-shaped steel plate that is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the end face of the wedge member 4 on the depth direction Z1 side. As a result, the wedge member 4 is firmly supported on the plane of the support plate member 62 on the opening direction Z2 side and can move up and down inside the borehole 3.

[0015] When the wedge member 4 is inserted into the borehole 3, an annular space is formed surrounding the projection 41. The blade member 51 is provided so that its tip portion 51a can be inserted into and removed from this space. As will be explained later with reference to Figure 3(a), when the tip portion 51a of the blade member 51 is inserted into the space, the surface of the tip portion 51a facing the projection 41 slides against and locks into the inclined surface 42 (Figure 2) of the projection 41. At this time, the surface of the tip portion 51a that is not facing the projection comes into contact with the inner wall surface of the borehole 3, and the flange portion 51b of the blade member 51 is positioned slightly above the surface of the material to be crushed 2. The flange portion 51b is used to pull the blade member 51 out of the borehole 3, as will be explained later with reference to Figure 4(b).

[0016] In the rock-breaking device 1, in addition to the blade member 51, a blade member 52 is positioned on the opposite side of the blade member 51 in the horizontal direction (radial direction of the drilling hole 3) with the central axis AX in between. The blade member 52 is configured in the same way as the blade member 51. That is, the blade member 52 has a tip portion 52a and a flange portion 52b. When the tip portion 52a of the blade member 52 is inserted into the space, the surface of the tip portion 52a facing the projection portion 41 slides against and locks into the inclined surface 42 of the projection portion 41, and the flange portion 52b is positioned slightly above the surface of the material to be broken 2.

[0017] Thus, inside the drilled hole 3, the two blade members 51 and 52 are in sliding contact with the inclined surface 42 of the protruding portion 41 while facing each other across the central axis AX. Therefore, by moving the wedge member 4 in the opening direction Z2, as the wedge member 4 moves, the blade members 51 and 52 press the inner wall surface of the drilled hole 3 while moving away from each other in the radial direction of the drilled hole 3 inside the drilled hole 3. In this embodiment, a plurality of grooves 51c and 52c are provided on the leading edge peripheral portions of the blade members 51 and 52 to apply a frictional force between the blade members 51 and 52 and the inner wall surface of the drilled hole 3. Thereby, when the wedge member 4 moves in the opening direction Z2, the movement of the blade members 51 and 52 together with the wedge member 4 in the opening direction Z2 is suppressed, and the blade members 51 and 52 are configured to reliably press the inner wall surface of the drilled hole 3.

[0018] Therefore, in this embodiment, the movement of the wedge member 4 is made possible by the following configuration. More specifically, the length of the long member 61 in the opening direction Z2 is longer than that of the through hole 43, and in a state where the wedge member 4 is supported by the support plate member 62, the end portion 611 on the opening direction Z2 side of the long member 61 protrudes in the opening direction Z2 from the through hole 43 of the wedge member 4. The protruding end portion 611 is connected to the moving portion 7.

[0019] The moving portion 7 is composed of a hydraulic cylinder attached to the arm of a construction machine (not shown) or a wire suspended from a crane truck (not shown). Therefore, when the operator operates the construction machine or the crane truck, the wedge support member 6 moves in the opening direction Z2, and along with this movement, the wedge member 4 can also move in the opening direction Z2. Along with this movement, as described above, the blade members 51 and 52 can efficiently generate cracks in the vicinity of the opening of the drilled hole 3 by pressing the inner wall surface of the drilled hole 3 in a planar manner. Here, although the moving portion 7 is configured using a construction machine or a crane truck, similar to the invention described in Patent Document 1, a ground installation type moving portion combining a hydraulic hollow jack (for example, O.J. Power Jack EC100H15 manufactured by Osaka Jack Mfg. Co., Ltd.) and a support mechanism for supporting this hollow jack may also be used.

[0020] Next, a crushing method using the rock cutting device 1 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. FIGS. 3 and 4 are diagrams schematically showing each step in an embodiment of the crushing method according to the present invention. Here, the crushing method will be described on the premise that the drill hole 3 is previously formed in the object to be crushed 2. If the drill hole 3 is not formed, the drill hole 3 may be formed before applying the crushing method described below.

[0021] <{ As shown in FIG. 3(a), the wedge support member 6 is inserted into the drill hole 3 (see arrow AR1). At this time, the wedge support member 6 may be set so that the support plate member 62 of the wedge support member 6 reaches the inner bottom surface of the drill hole 3, or may be set in a state slightly floating from the inner bottom surface. In short, it can be appropriately adjusted according to the range in which cracks are introduced in the depth direction Z1. Further, while inserting the long member 61 into the through hole 43, the wedge member 4 is inserted toward the upper surface of the support plate member 62 (see arrow AR2). Furthermore, the tip portions 51a, 52a of the blade members 51, 52 are inserted into an annular space formed so as to surround the periphery of the protrusion portion 41 (see arrow AR3). As a result, as shown in FIG. 3(b), the surface on the protrusion portion side of the tip portions 51a, 52a is in sliding contact with the inclined surface 42 of the protrusion portion 41, and the surface on the anti-protrusion portion side is in contact with the inner wall surface of the drill hole 3. Also, the end portion 611 of the long member 61 protrudes in the opening direction Z2 from the through hole 43 of the wedge member 4. Subsequently, the end portion 611 is connected to the moving portion 7. Thus, the preparation for the rock cutting process is completed.

[0022] Next, as shown in FIG. 4(a), the operator operates the moving portion 7, and the moving portion 7 moves the wedge support member 6 in the opening direction Z2. As a result, the wedge member 4 moves integrally with the wedge support member 6 in the opening direction Z2. Along with this, the blade members 51, 52 press the inner wall of the drill hole 3 while being separated from each other in the horizontal direction (the left-right direction in the figure, which is the radial direction of the drill hole 3) from the central axis AX in the drill hole 3 as shown by arrows AR4, AR5 in the figure. As a result, cracks are introduced over a relatively wide range in the depth direction Z1 near the opening of the drill hole 3, and the vicinity of the opening can be efficiently rock cut.

[0023] After the rock-breaking process is completed, in order to efficiently recover the blade members 51 and 52 from the borehole 3, this embodiment employs the following configuration. That is, as shown in Figure 4(b), when the tip portions 51a and 52a of the blade members 51 and 52 are inserted into the borehole 3 as described above, the flange portions 51b and 52b are slightly raised from the surface of the material to be broken 2, creating a gap. Then, similar to the extraction process described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2016-199863, the extraction tool 8 is engaged with the flange portions 51b and 52b, and the extraction tool 8 is lifted up by a crane (not shown). As a result, the blade members 51 and 52 are pulled out of the borehole 3 together with the extraction tool 8.

[0024] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the projection portion 41 of the wedge member 4 is finished in a frustoconical shape, and both the blade members 51 and 52 are configured to move horizontally away from the central axis AX as the wedge member 4 moves in the opening direction Z2, but the projection portion 41 may be finished in a conical shape. Alternatively, the projection portion 41 may be finished so that only one of the blade members 51 and 52, for example, the surface that slides against the blade member 51, is an inclined surface. In this case, the horizontal movement of the blade member 51 allows for concentrated crushing of the side that is being pressed by the blade member 51.

[0025] Furthermore, although the above embodiment uses two blade members 51 and 52, the number of blade members is not limited to "2" and may be 3 or more.

[0026] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the wedge member 4 is supported from the depth direction Z1 side by the support plate member 62, but it is also possible to configure it so that the long member 61 is directly attached to and supported by the wedge member 4. [Industrial applicability]

[0027] This invention can be applied to a crushing method for crushing the area near a bore formed in a first direction in a workpiece to be crushed, and to rock-splitting devices suitable for this crushing method in general. [Explanation of symbols]

[0028] 1…Rock splitting device 2…Material to be crushed 3…Drilling 4...Wedge member 6... Wedge support member 7…Moving parts 31…Aperture 41...Protrusion part 42…Slope surface 43…Through hole 51, 52... Wing components 51a, 51b...Tip part 61...Long members 62...Support plate member AX…Central axis line Z1…Depth direction (first direction) Z2…Opening direction (second direction)

Claims

1. A rock-splitting device for splitting rock near a bore formed in a first direction on a workpiece to be crushed, A wedge member is provided, which can be inserted into the borehole with respect to the borehole, with a protruding portion facing the opening of the borehole, and which has a protruding portion that protrudes in a second direction opposite to the first direction. A wedge support member that supports the wedge member inserted into the borehole so as to be movable in the second direction, A plurality of wing members are arranged around the aforementioned protruding portion and are slidable relative to the aforementioned protruding portion, The device includes a moving part that moves the wedge support member in the second direction while the plurality of wing members are in sliding contact with the protruding portion inside the borehole, As the wedge support member moves by the moving part, the wedge member moves in the second direction, and in response, the plurality of blade members press against the inner wall surface of the borehole while being separated from each other in the radial direction of the borehole, thereby introducing cracks near the borehole in the material to be crushed. The wedge member has an axially symmetric conical or frustoconical shape with respect to a central axis parallel to the first and second directions, and has a through hole that penetrates along the central axis. The wedge support member comprises a long member inserted through the through hole and a support plate member that supports the wedge member by being connected to the end of the long member on the first direction side while abutting against the end face of the wedge member on the first direction side inside the borehole. The rock-splitting device is characterized in that the movable part is connected to the end of the elongated member on the second direction side, and by moving the elongated member in the second direction, the elongated member, the support plate member, and the wedge member are moved integrally in the second direction.

2. A crushing method for crushing the vicinity of a borehole in a material to be crushed using the rock-splitting device described in claim 1, A step of inserting the wedge support member into the borehole such that the support plate member is located inside the borehole, The steps include inserting the wedge member into the drilled hole with the through hole inserted through the elongated member, A step of inserting a plurality of blade members into the borehole so as to be slidable relative to the protruding portion while they are positioned around the protruding portion, The process involves moving the support plate member and the wedge member together in the second direction by moving the elongated member in the second direction from the outside of the borehole while keeping the plurality of blade members in sliding contact with the protruding portion, thereby pressing the plurality of blade members against the inner wall surface of the borehole while separating them from each other in the radial direction of the borehole, and crushing the material to be crushed. A crushing method characterized by comprising the following:

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