Method for decomposing homopolymers from homopolymer compositions containing homopolymers and shielding materials.

Abstract

To provide a method for degrading homopolymers that can safely and efficiently degrade homopolymers. [Solution] A method for decomposing a homopolymer from a homopolymer composition containing a homopolymer and a shielding material is disclosed. The method of the present invention includes the step of heating the homopolymer composition in the presence of a metal oxide, where the homopolymer is a polymer derived from a cyclic monomer. According to the present invention, the homopolymer can be efficiently decomposed, and the possibility of side reactions occurring during the decomposition can be reduced. Furthermore, the cyclic monomer component can be recovered in good yield.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for decomposing a homopolymer from a homopolymer composition comprising a homopolymer and a shielding material. [Background technology]

[0002] Methods for decomposing polymers have been studied for some time. Many polymers decompose when heated to 400-600°C, but controlling the reaction is difficult, and various reactions occur in rapid succession, raising concerns about the safety of the reaction products, and the decomposition yield is not always high. Therefore, there is a need for a reaction that is energetically advantageous, operates at a lower temperature, and has a high decomposition yield. This is especially true for homopolymers composed of a single monomer, as controlling the decomposition reaction would allow for the reuse of the recovered monomer.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a biodegradable resin composition comprising a biodegradable resin and finely powdered titanium dioxide having photocatalytic function. Examples of biodegradable resins include polylactic acid or copolymers of lactic acid and other hydroxycarboxylic acids. According to this technology, a biodegradable resin composition exhibiting excellent degradability in a natural environment can be obtained by combining the decomposition of the biodegradable resin by microorganisms with the decomposition by the photocatalytic action of finely powdered titanium dioxide.

[0004] Patent Document 2 discloses a resin laminate formed by laminating a surface protective layer onto a resin molded body made of a thermoplastic resin. This surface protective layer is separable from the resin molded body, and the resin molded body contains a metal oxide having photocatalytic activity. Examples of resin molded bodies include polyolefins and polystyrene, and examples of metal oxides having photocatalytic activity include titanium dioxide. When disposing of or recycling this resin laminate, the surface protective layer can be separated and exposed to sunlight or other light sources to promote the natural decomposition of the resin molded body through photocatalytic activity.

[0005] However, both the biodegradable resin composition described in Patent Document 1 and the resin laminate described in Patent Document 2 are intended to decompose in the natural environment, and are specifically targeted at polymers used in disposable packaging materials and tableware. For this reason, decomposition in the natural environment takes a long time, and safety measures must be taken to prevent the polymer from being dispersed during the decomposition period. Furthermore, such decomposition in the natural environment is not considered efficient. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2004-99739 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 4715303 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0007] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its objective is to provide a method for decomposing homopolymers from a homopolymer composition containing a homopolymer and a shielding material, which can safely and efficiently decompose homopolymers. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The present invention relates to a method for decomposing a homopolymer from a homopolymer composition comprising a homopolymer and a shielding material, The process includes heating the homopolymer composition in the presence of a metal oxide. The method is characterized in that the homopolymer is a polymer derived from a cyclic monomer.

[0009] In one embodiment, the shielding material is titanium oxide.

[0010] In one embodiment, the metal oxide is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of titanium oxide and magnesium oxide.

[0011] In one embodiment, the compounding amount of the metal oxide is an amount calculated based on the compounding amount of the shielding material contained in the polymer composition.

[0012] In a further embodiment, the compounding amount of the shielding material contained in the polymer composition is an amount measured by at least one method selected from the group consisting of graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, colorimetry, aluminum reduction iron (III) titration, atomic absorption spectrometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), inductively coupled high-frequency plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), and inductively coupled high-frequency plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

[0013] In a further embodiment, the compounding amount of the shielding material contained in the polymer composition is an amount calculated from the ash mass obtained by thermally decomposing the polymer composition.

[0014] In a further embodiment, the compounding amount of the metal oxide is an amount calculated based on the following formula (I): Y = Z - X (I) In formula (I), X is the compounding amount (mass%) of the shielding material with respect to the total mass of the homopolymer composition, Y is the amount (mass%) of the metal oxide with respect to the total mass of the homopolymer composition and the metal oxide, Z is 0.5 to 3.5 mass%.

[0015] In one embodiment, the temperature applied in the heating step is 265 to 325°C.

[0016] In one embodiment, the homopolymer is polylactic acid.

[0017] In one embodiment, the heating step is performed under a nitrogen stream or under reduced pressure.

[0018] In a further embodiment, the heating step is carried out under reduced pressure, and the vacuum level under reduced pressure is 0.5 to 30 kPa.

[0019] In one embodiment, the homopolymer composition is cut into pieces with a maximum side length of 20 mm or less.

[0020] In one embodiment, the homopolymer composition is in the form of a textile product. [Effects of the Invention]

[0021] According to the present invention, homopolymers can be efficiently decomposed. The present invention also reduces the possibility of side reactions occurring during decomposition, and allows for the recovery of monomer components in good yield. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0022] The following describes exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. However, this disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described below. In this specification, numerical ranges indicated using "~" indicate a range that includes the numbers before and after "~" as the minimum and maximum values, respectively. Unless otherwise explicitly stated, the units of the numbers before and after "~" are the same. Furthermore, the upper and lower limits described individually can be combined in any way.

[0023] The method of the present invention will be described below.

[0024] In the method of the present invention, a homopolymer composition comprising a homopolymer and a shielding material is heated in the presence of a metal oxide.

[0025] According to the method of the present invention, homopolymers can be decomposed at lower concentrations and temperatures than without a catalyst or with other catalysts. Furthermore, such a method for decomposing homopolymers is less prone to side reactions and can achieve a high monomer recovery rate.

[0026] (Homopolymer) In the present invention, homopolymer refers to a polymer compound composed of repeating units (monomers) of the same type, and examples include polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, polyamide 6, polyamide 12, and polydimethylsiloxane.

[0027] Furthermore, the homopolymer may, for example, have a fibrous form and may be part of a product (textile product) that contains it as a base material.

[0028] The homopolymer in the present invention may be composed of cyclic monomers. That is, the homopolymer may be obtained by polymerizing cyclic monomers.

[0029] Cyclic monomers include monomers such as cyclic lactones, cyclic lactams, cyclic ethers, and lactides. Examples of cyclic lactones include caprolactone, valerolactone, nonalactone, butyrolactone, and propiolactone. Examples of cyclic lactams include propiolactam, butyrolactam, valerolactam, caprolactam, laurolactam, enantractam, and undecanelactam. Examples of cyclic ethers include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, and dioxanone. Lactides are cyclic compounds that have two ester bonds within a molecule formed by the dehydration condensation of the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups of two hydroxy acid molecules. Examples include glycolides, 3,6-dimethyl-1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione (derived from 2-hydroxypropionic acid (lactic acid)), and 1,6-dioxacyclodecane-2,7-dione (derived from 4-hydroxybutanoic acid). Among these, so-called lactides derived from lactic acid can be optically active substances, and include L-lactide, D-lactide, and meso-lactide.

[0030] By polymerizing these, homopolymers such as polycaprolactone, polyvalerolactone, polynonalactone, polybutyrolactone, polypropiolactone, polypropiolacrum, polybutyrolactam, polyvalerolactum, polycaprolactam, polylaurolactam, polyenanthractam, polyundecanelactum, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polybutylene glycol, polyoxytetramethylene glycol, polydioxane, polydioxanone, polylactic acid, and polyhydroxybutanoic acid can be obtained. Homopolymers polymerized from cyclic monomers are less prone to side reactions in the decomposition reaction of the present invention and are easy to recover monomers from, making them suitable targets for homopolymers in which the catalyst composition of the present invention is used.

[0031] (Polylactic acid) A preferred homopolymer in the present invention is polylactic acid.

[0032] As for polylactic acid, polylactic acid with a high L-lactic acid content is preferably used due to its high melting point. The L-lactic acid content of the polylactic acid is preferably 96% or more, more preferably 98% or more, and even more preferably 98.6% or more. In the present invention, the polylactic acid constituting the homopolymer may consist of only one type, or it may be composed of a combination of two or more types.

[0033] The weight-average molecular weight of polylactic acid is not particularly limited. In this invention, the polylactic acid to be decomposed may have various weight-average molecular weights depending on the molding method, shape, and application of the molded product.

[0034] The above homopolymer composition may also contain any other suitable components (additives) or fillers, as needed.

[0035] Additives that may constitute a polymer composition include antioxidants, heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, UV absorbers, antiblocking agents, antimicrobial agents, compatibilizers, plasticizers, tackifiers, processing aids, lubricants, coupling agents, flame retardants, oxygen scavengers, foaming agents, colorants, and the like. These additives can be added at any time during the homopolymer manufacturing process, for example, in the form of liquids, powders, pellets, granules, or masterbatches. A polymer composition may contain at least one additive, and its content can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art.

[0036] The homopolymer composition of the present invention may have any form. For example, it may be spherical or strand-cut pellets, or it may be a molded article formed using known molding methods (e.g., injection molding, extrusion molding, blow molding, injection blow molding, shape extrusion molding, inflation molding, press molding, melt spinning, solution spinning, vacuum forming, vacuum pressure forming, hot plate forming, etc.). The above-mentioned molded article includes, for example, housings, containers, bags, tubes, cups, bottles, trays, long and short fibers, fabric products, etc., and is not particularly limited in terms of its shape, size, thickness, etc.

[0037] Here, textile products composed of the above homopolymer composition are generally preferred because they have a larger surface area per unit mass than other molded products, and therefore come into contact with metal oxides, which will be discussed later. Such textile products may be compounded with other fibers such as natural fibers like cotton, linen, wool, silk, and Tencel; regenerated fibers like rayon, cupro, and polynosic; and semi-synthetic fibers like acetate, triacetate, and Promix, through weaving, knitting, blending, or twisting.

[0038] Furthermore, it is preferable that the homopolymer composition used in the present invention has been cut to a maximum length of 20 mm or less in order to increase the surface area through subdivision and accelerate the decomposition reaction of the homopolymer.

[0039] In the present invention, the homopolymer content in the homopolymer composition is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50% to 99% by mass, and more preferably 70% to 99% by mass, based on the total mass of the polymer composition. If the homopolymer content in the polymer composition is less than 50% by mass, the decomposition of other components may inhibit the decomposition of the homopolymer, reducing the desired decomposition reactivity and potentially lowering the recovery rate of the decomposition products (e.g., monomers).

[0040] (shielding material) The shielding material included in the polymer composition is a material that, when kneaded into the homopolymer, does not absorb visible light, infrared rays, or ultraviolet rays, but reflects and / or scatters them. For example, it is preferable that it does not have any particular absorption in the visible region, has high reflectivity, a high refractive index, and is opaque.

[0041] Examples of shielding materials include inorganic compounds such as titanium oxide (titanium white), zinc oxide (zinc white), lithopone, and lead white, as well as combinations thereof. Titanium oxide is preferred as a shielding material because it has a fairly high refractive index and therefore high opacity, is thermally and chemically stable, and is highly safe.

[0042] In this invention, the titanium oxide used as a shielding material refers to titanium(IV)(TiO2).

[0043] Possible crystalline structures of titanium dioxide include anatase type (tetragonal), rutile type (tetragonal, see figure), and brookite type (orthorhombic). In this invention, anatase type titanium dioxide is preferred because it exhibits the highest catalytic activity.

[0044] Furthermore, in order to enhance the catalytic activity of titanium dioxide, it is preferable to use a type with a large specific surface area. In this invention, the lower limit of the BET specific surface area of ​​titanium dioxide is preferably 5 m². 2 / g or more, comfortably 10m 2It is 1 / g or more. Furthermore, by making the particle size of titanium dioxide even smaller, the specific surface area can be increased and the catalytic performance can be improved, but since nanoscale micronization is required, considering the burden during manufacturing, the stability during mixing with homopolymers, and the use of homopolymers, the upper limit of the BET specific surface area of ​​titanium dioxide is preferably 300 m². 2 / g or less, more preferably 200m 2 It is less than / g.

[0045] Regarding the content of the shielding material, we will explain the case where the shielding material contained in the homopolymer composition is titanium dioxide.

[0046] When the shielding material contained in the homopolymer composition is titanium dioxide, the titanium dioxide can function as a catalyst in the decomposition of the homopolymer contained in the composition, together with the metal oxides described later. For this reason, in the present invention, it is preferable that the amount of shielding material (titanium dioxide) contained in the homopolymer composition is measured.

[0047] The amount of shielding material (titanium dioxide) contained in a homopolymer composition can be measured using at least one method selected from, for example, graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, colorimetric method, aluminum reduced iron(III) titration, atomic absorption spectrometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), inductively coupled radiofrequency plasma emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), inductively coupled radiofrequency plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and whiteness measurement. These methods are well known as qualitative and quantitative methods for titanium dioxide.

[0048] Alternatively, the amount of shielding material (titanium dioxide) included in the homopolymer composition may be calculated from the amount of ash obtained by thermal decomposition of the polymer composition. Although it is an approximation, the amount of ash can be used directly as the amount of titanium dioxide included in the homopolymer composition.

[0049] (Metal oxides) The metal oxides in this invention are compounds in which a metal and oxygen are bonded. These metal oxides, in combination with the shielding material contained in the polymer composition, exhibit catalytic activity and can promote the decomposition of homopolymers contained in the polymer composition.

[0050] Examples of metal oxides include iron(II) oxide, magnetic iron oxide, iron(III) oxide, sodium oxide, lithium oxide, potassium oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, beryllium oxide, aluminum oxide, gallium oxide, indium oxide, thallium oxide, zinc oxide, nickel oxide, barium oxide, titanium oxide as a catalyst, strontium oxide, copper(I) oxide, copper(II) oxide, copper peroxide, paramelaconite, copper(III) oxide, and copper(IV) oxide, as well as combinations thereof.

[0051] Of the above metal oxides, it is preferable that the metal oxide contains titanium oxide and / or magnesium oxide as a catalyst, in that it can exhibit high catalytic function when combined with the above shielding material.

[0052] The titanium dioxide used as a catalyst here can be one that is commercially available for applications such as paints for houses and automobiles, inks for food packaging materials, pigments for synthetic resins in refrigerators and washing machines, colorants for pharmaceuticals such as capsules and tablets, colorants for foods such as chocolate and gum, matting agents for synthetic fibers such as nylon and polyester, and colorants for cosmetics.

[0053] In titanium dioxide used as a catalyst, lower levels of impurities, such as other metals or sulfuric acid used in the manufacturing process, result in higher catalytic activity and better dispersibility during homopolymer decomposition. Since lower levels of impurities lead to a higher resistivity, the lower limit of the resistivity is preferably 2,000 Ω·cm or higher, and more preferably 5,000 Ω·cm or higher. The resistivity can be further improved by increasing purity through purification, such as removing coarse particles using a centrifuge. However, considering the burden of purification, the upper limit of the resistivity is preferably 12,000 Ω·cm or lower, and more preferably 10,000 Ω·cm or lower.

[0054] Furthermore, regarding titanium dioxide as a catalyst, there are three crystal structures of titanium dioxide: anatase type (tetragonal), rutile type (tetragonal, see figure), and brookite type (orthorhombic). However, the anatase type exhibits the highest catalytic activity, making its use preferable. Since a larger specific surface area leads to higher catalytic activity, the lower limit of the BET specific surface area for titanium dioxide as a catalyst is preferably 5m². 2 / g or more, comfortably 10m 2 It is 1 / g or more. Furthermore, while reducing the particle size of titanium dioxide further increases the specific surface area, thereby improving catalytic performance, it also necessitates nanoscale micronization, which increases the burden during manufacturing. Considering this, the upper limit of the BET specific surface area for titanium dioxide as a catalyst is preferably 400 m². 2 Less than / g, more preferably 300m 2 It is less than / g.

[0055] Magnesium oxide can be commercially available for applications such as refractories, various additives, resin fillers, optical materials, electronic component applications, phosphor raw materials, various target material raw materials, superconducting thin film substrates, and protective film raw materials for color plasma display panels.

[0056] Furthermore, magnesium oxide is preferably of high specific surface area due to its high catalytic activity. In this invention, the lower limit of the BET specific surface area of ​​magnesium oxide is preferably 3 m².2 10 m² / g or more, more preferably 100 m² / g or more 2 The upper limit of the BET specific surface area of magnesium oxide in the present invention is preferably 400 m² / g or less, more preferably 200 m² / g or less. When the BET specific surface area of magnesium oxide is within such a range, excellent dispersibility in the homopolymer can be provided. 2 200 m² / g or less, more preferably 100 m² / g or less 2 By having the BET specific surface area of magnesium oxide within such a range, excellent dispersibility in the homopolymer can be provided.

[0057] The blending amount of the metal oxide in the present invention can preferably be calculated based on the following formula (I): Y = Z - X (I) In formula (I), X is the blending amount (mass%) of the shielding material with respect to the total mass of the homopolymer composition, Y is the amount (mass%) of the metal oxide with respect to the total mass of the homopolymer composition and the metal oxide, Z is 0.5 to 3.5 mass%.

[0058] (Heating) The heating of the homopolymer composition of the present invention is carried out, for example, in a state charged in a reaction apparatus. The reaction apparatus is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include batch or continuous tank-type reaction apparatuses, reactors, mill rolls, mixers, single-screw or twin-screw extruders, etc. The reaction apparatus preferably has heating means such as an electric heater or a heat medium.

[0059] The temperature applied for heating is preferably 265 to 325°C, more preferably 270 to 300°C. When the temperature is below 265°C, the yield of the reaction product (e.g., monomer) obtained through the decomposition reaction of the homopolymer may be low. When the temperature exceeds 325°C, the yield of the reaction product (e.g., monomer) obtained through the decomposition reaction may be low. This is because it becomes a temperature region where thermal decomposition of the homopolymer in the composition occurs regardless of the presence of the catalyst composition, side reactions occur, and undesired by-products may be easily generated.

[0060] In addition, the heating step of the present invention may be performed by heating the homopolymer composition and the metal oxide to the above temperature in a state where they are pre-mixed, or by adding the metal oxide to the reaction apparatus after the homopolymer composition has been heated to the above temperature in the reaction apparatus.

[0061] Furthermore, in the heating process described above, the reaction apparatus may be operated at atmospheric pressure, but it may also be carried out under an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen, or under an inert gas flow or under reduced pressure. Since the reaction products obtained through the decomposition reaction (e.g., monomers) may undergo secondary chemical reactions and degradation if continuously heated, it is preferable to quickly discharge them from the system and recover them. In other words, it is preferable to carry out the process under reduced pressure.

[0062] In the case of the above-mentioned reduced pressure, the vacuum level inside the reaction apparatus is preferably 0.5 to 30 kPa. If it exceeds 30 kPa, the efficiency of discharging the reaction products obtained through the decomposition reaction from the system is poor, and if it falls below 0.5 kPa, the vacuum level is too high, and homopolymers may overflow from the vacuum exhaust port and be discharged to the outside.

[0063] The time required for the heating step is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 to 60 minutes, and more preferably 5 to 30 minutes. If the heating step is performed for less than 2 minutes, the catalytic effect may not be sufficiently expressed, and the yield of the decomposition reaction may decrease. If the heating step is performed for more than 60 minutes, the decomposition reaction may be over-activated by the catalyst, making secondary reactions and side reactions of decomposition more likely, and the yield of the reaction product (e.g., monomer) obtained through decomposition may decrease.

[0064] After the heating process described above, reaction products are generated in the reaction system from the decomposition of the homopolymer. These reaction products are, for example, the monomers that make up the homopolymer (e.g., cyclic monomers).

[0065] The monomers produced by the decomposition are separated and purified using means known to those skilled in the art and recovered. The recovered monomers can also be reused as materials for forming homopolymers again. [Examples]

[0066] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0067] In this example and comparative example 1 1H-NMR and thermogravimetric measurements were performed using the following methods.

[0068] ( 1 H-NMR measurement) The decomposition reaction products were analyzed using a Bruker AV-600 under the following analytical conditions. 1 The measurement was performed using 1H-NMR. Deuterated chloroform was used as the solvent for the NMR measurement, and tetramethylsilane was used as the internal standard. (1) Measurement temperature: 23℃ (2) Sample concentration: 0.01 g / 0.6 mL (3) Number of cumulative counts: 8 (4) Relaxation time: 2 seconds (5) Solvent: Deuterated chloroform (6) Chemical shift criterion: Hydrogen atom signal of the methyl group of tetramethylsilane in the internal standard sample (0.0 ppm)

[0069] (Thermogravimetric measurement) The decomposition reaction yield under a nitrogen atmosphere was determined by thermogravimetric analysis under a nitrogen atmosphere using a Rigaku TG-DTA8122 analyzer. The temperature was raised from room temperature to the predetermined temperature at a rate of 10°C per minute, and then maintained for 10 minutes.

[0070] (Example 1) A mixture containing polylactic acid and a shielding material (homopolymer composition) was obtained in pellet form by kneading 100 parts by mass of polylactic acid (Luminy, L130, manufactured by Total Corbion) as a homopolymer and 0.3 parts by mass of titanium dioxide (TA301, manufactured by Fuji Titanium Industries Co., Ltd.) as a shielding material in a twin-screw extruder at a cylinder temperature of 180 to 200°C.

[0071] Next, these pellets were fed into an extruder set to a cylinder temperature of 220°C and melt-spun to produce long fibers. 100 parts by mass of fabric woven using these long fibers as the raw material were placed in a reaction apparatus consisting of a three-necked flask equipped with a stirring mechanism, and heated to 280°C in the presence of a catalyst composition containing 0.3 parts by mass of titanium oxide (TA301 manufactured by Fuji Titanium Industries Co., Ltd.) and 1.0 part by mass of magnesium oxide (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (the titanium oxide content in 100 parts by mass of the catalyst composition is 23.1 parts by mass). After 5 minutes, the fabric began to melt, and after 10 minutes it was completely melted, so the reaction apparatus was stirred.

[0072] The reaction vessel was depressurized to 4 kPa using a vacuum pump via a cooling trap. A few minutes after stirring began, the decomposition products were distilled off from the apparatus and trapped in the cooling trap. After holding it for 10 minutes, distillation from the system ceased.

[0073] The decomposition recovery rate calculated from the residue in the reactor was 94.0% by mass, indicating a high decomposition reaction yield.

[0074] Furthermore, the products collected in the cooling trap 1 Analysis was performed using 1H-NMR measurements.

[0075] A peak originating from L,L-lactide or D,D-lactide was observed around 1.68 ppm. A peak originating from D,L-lactide was also observed around 1.72 ppm. No peaks attributable to lactic acid or lactic acid polymers were observed. 1Analysis of the relative abundances of each peak from the 1H-NMR spectrum revealed that the content of L,L-lactide or D,D-lactide was 89.6% by mass, and the content of D,L-lactide was 10.4% by mass. The crude lactide content (L,L-lactide, D,D-lactide, and D,L-lactide) was 100% by mass, indicating a very high monomer recovery rate.

[0076] (Example 2) A mixture containing polylactic acid and a shielding material (homopolymer composition) was obtained in pellet form by kneading 100 parts by mass of polylactic acid (Luminy, L130, manufactured by Total Corbion) as a homopolymer and 0.3 parts by mass of titanium dioxide (TA301, manufactured by Fuji Titanium Industries Co., Ltd.) as a shielding material in a twin-screw extruder at a cylinder temperature of 180 to 200°C.

[0077] Next, these pellets were fed into an extruder set to a cylinder temperature of 220°C and melt-spun to produce long fibers. 100 parts by mass of fabric woven using these long fibers as the raw material were placed in a reaction apparatus consisting of a three-necked flask equipped with a stirring mechanism, and heated to 280°C in the presence of a catalyst composition containing 0.1 parts by mass of titanium oxide (TA301 manufactured by Fuji Titanium Industries Co., Ltd.) and 0.5 parts by mass of magnesium oxide (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (the titanium oxide content in 100 parts by mass of the catalyst composition was 16.7 parts by mass). After 5 minutes, the fabric began to melt, and after 10 minutes it was completely melted, so the reaction apparatus was stirred.

[0078] The pressure inside the reaction apparatus was reduced to 4 kPa by a vacuum pump via a cooling trap. A few minutes after stirring began, the decomposition products were distilled off from the apparatus and trapped in the cooling trap. After holding it for 10 minutes, distillation from the system ceased.

[0079] The decomposition recovery rate calculated from the residue in the reactor was 90.7% by mass, indicating a high decomposition reaction yield.

[0080] Furthermore, the products collected in the cooling trap1 Analysis was performed using 1H-NMR measurements.

[0081] Peaks of lactic acid and lactic acid polymers were observed around 1.59 ppm, and peaks originating from L,L-lactide or D,D-lactide were observed around 1.68 ppm. Additionally, a peak originating from D,L-lactide was observed around 1.72 ppm. 1 Analysis of the relative abundances of each peak from the 1H-NMR spectrum revealed that the content of L,L-lactide or D,D-lactide was 82.3% by mass, the content of D,L-lactide was 12.0% by mass, and the content of lactic acid or lactic acid polymer was 5.7% by mass. The crude lactide content (L,L-lactide, D,D-lactide, and D,L-lactide) was 94.3% by mass, indicating a high monomer recovery rate.

[0082] (Example 3) A fabric sample was used, woven from long fibers made of polylactic acid (Luminy, L130, manufactured by Total Corbion), a homopolymer, with titanium dioxide as a shielding material. Following the direct ashing method of JIS K 7250-1, 25 g of the sample was placed in a crucible and heated to 600°C to measure the ash content. The measurement result showed an ash content of 1.0 mass%. This content was interpreted as the content of the shielding material, and the following formula (1): Y=ZX (1) Based on the following (where X is the content of the shielding material in the fabric sample (1.0 mass%) and Z is 3.5 mass%), we calculated that the content of the metal oxide to be added to this reaction system (Y value) should be 2.5 mass%.

[0083] The fabric was cut using a cutting machine to pieces no larger than 2.0 mm square. Then, 100 parts by mass of these cut pieces, along with 0.6 parts by mass of titanium dioxide (TA301 manufactured by Fuji Titanium Industries Co., Ltd.) and 1.8 parts by mass of magnesium oxide (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), were used to create a catalyst composition (the titanium dioxide content in 100 parts by mass of the catalyst composition is 2.5 parts by mass, corresponding to the Y value mentioned above). This composition was fed into a twin-screw extruder, which served as the reaction apparatus, and kneaded and extruded under conditions of a cylinder temperature of 280°C. Two vents in the extruder were connected to a vacuum pump via a cooling trap, and the pressure inside the extruder was reduced to 4 kPa. After the start of extrusion, decomposition products were distilled off from the apparatus and trapped in the cooling trap, while residual components were discharged from the extruder die.

[0084] The decomposition recovery rate, calculated from the mass of residue discharged from the reaction apparatus die, was 93.5% by mass, indicating a high decomposition reaction yield.

[0085] Furthermore, the products collected in the cooling trap 1 Analysis was performed using 1H-NMR measurements.

[0086] A peak originating from L,L-lactide or D,D-lactide was observed around 1.68 ppm. A peak originating from D,L-lactide was also observed around 1.72 ppm. No peaks attributable to lactic acid or lactic acid polymers were observed. Analysis of the relative abundances from the integral ratios of each peak in the 1H-NMR spectrum revealed that the content of L,L-lactide or D,D-lactide was 93.3% by mass, and the content of D,L-lactide was 6.7% by mass. The crude lactide content (L,L-lactide, D,D-lactide, and D,L-lactide) was 100% by mass, indicating a very high monomer recovery rate. [Industrial applicability]

[0087] According to the present invention, homopolymers contained in various homopolymer compositions including shielding materials, obtained as waste generated during the manufacturing process or as waste after consumption, can be efficiently decomposed. This makes it useful in a wide range of fields, including the disposal and recycling of industrial or household waste, as well as in the apparel and resin molding fields.

Claims

1. A method for decomposing a homopolymer from a homopolymer composition comprising a homopolymer and a shielding material, The process includes heating the homopolymer composition in the presence of a metal oxide. The homopolymer is polylactic acid, The shielding material is titanium oxide, A method wherein the metal oxide comprises magnesium oxide.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the metal oxide is calculated based on the amount of the shielding material contained in the homopolymer composition.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the amount of the shielding material contained in the homopolymer composition is an amount measured by at least one method selected from the group consisting of graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, colorimetric method, aluminum reduced iron(III) titration, atomic absorption spectrometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), inductively coupled radio frequency plasma emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), and inductively coupled radio frequency plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the amount of the shielding material contained in the homopolymer composition is an amount calculated from the ash mass obtained by thermal decomposition of the homopolymer composition.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the amount of the metal oxide blended is calculated based on the following formula (I): Y = Z - X (I) In formula (I), X is the amount (mass%) of the shielding material relative to the total mass of the homopolymer composition, Y is the amount (mass%) of the metal oxide relative to the total mass of the homopolymer composition and the metal oxide. The method according to claim 2, wherein Z is 0.5 to 3.5% by mass.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature applied in the step of heating the homopolymer composition in the presence of a metal oxide is 265 to 325°C.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of heating the homopolymer composition in the presence of a metal oxide is carried out under a nitrogen stream or under reduced pressure.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the step of heating the homopolymer composition in the presence of a metal oxide is performed under reduced pressure, and the degree of vacuum under reduced pressure is 0.5 to 30 kPa.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the homopolymer composition is cut into pieces with a maximum side length of 20 mm or less.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the homopolymer composition has the form of a textile product.