Crushing and compaction method

Abstract

To provide a tamping tool capable of tamping a waste disposal site with excellent rolling compaction efficiency by crushing waste material such as clods, rocks, concrete debris, glass debris, waste plastic debris, and rubble deposited in the waste disposal site.SOLUTION: As a tool for compacting waste while crushing it, a tamping tool comprises: a rod member which is extended in a vertical direction and whose upper end part is configured to make a breaker freely insertable and detachable; a rolling compaction plate which is attached on a lower end part of the rod member; and a plurality of crushing parts which are projected from a lower surface of the rolling compaction plate, wherein the lower surface of the rolling compaction plate and the crushing part compact a surface layer of a waste disposal site while the crushing part crushes the waste when the rod member receives striking force from the breaker in a state that the upper end part of the rod member is inserted into the breaker and the lower surface of the rolling compaction plate and the crushing part are arranged so as to be pressed against the waste.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0004]

[0001] This invention relates to a method for crushing and compacting waste deposited in a waste disposal site. Break It is about a crushing and compaction method.

Background Art

[0002] Most of the final waste disposal sites (hereinafter referred to as "waste disposal sites") are almost full, and it is difficult to quickly secure the necessary disposal site space due to the impact on the surrounding environment when trying to create a new waste disposal site. Therefore, for example, a technology (hereinafter referred to as "crushing and compaction technology") for crushing and compacting waste deposited in a waste disposal site using a self-propelled tamping roller described in Patent Document 1 has been proposed. This self-propelled tamping roller efficiently compacts the ground by reciprocating a compaction wheel having a number of radial protrusions formed on the outer periphery of an iron wheel drum. Further, when the tamping roller passes through the waste, the tip of the protrusion attached to the iron wheel drum abuts against the waste, and a crushing force acts on the waste. Therefore, the waste is finely crushed and then compacted by the tamping roller.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] By improving compaction efficiency through waste crushing, the remaining capacity of waste disposal sites can be increased, thereby extending the lifespan of the disposal sites. However, the tamping rollers described above apply a static load to the waste. Therefore, increasing the size and weight of the tamping rollers is necessary to improve crushing efficiency, but there are limits to this. Thus, there is a need for a tamping tool that is smaller than self-propelled tamping rollers and can further improve compaction efficiency to extend the lifespan of waste disposal sites.

[0005] This invention was made in view of the above problems, and is capable of crushing waste such as soil clods, rocks, concrete debris, glass debris, waste plastics, and rubble accumulated in waste disposal sites and compacting the waste disposal site with excellent compaction efficiency. Break The objective is to provide a method for crushing and compacting. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] One of the present inventions The manner is, It comprises a rod member extending in the vertical direction, a compaction plate attached to the lower end of the rod member, and a plurality of crushing sections protruding from the lower surface of the compaction plate. A crushing and compaction method for crushing waste accumulated in a waste disposal site while compacting the surface layer of the waste disposal site using a tamping tool, wherein a rod member is attached to a breaker mounted on the movable arm of a mobile construction machine. On top After inserting the end, the compaction plate is positioned so that its lower surface and crushing section are pressed against the waste using a mobile construction machine. Until the crushing and compaction of the waste is complete. The breaker applies an impact force to the rod member. Continue giving This system is characterized by crushing the waste with the crushing section while compacting the surface of the waste disposal site with the underside of the compaction plate and the crushing section. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to crush waste such as soil clods, rocks, concrete debris, glass debris, waste plastics, and rubble accumulated in a waste disposal site with a small size and excellent compaction efficiency, and to compact the waste disposal site with excellent compaction efficiency. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0010] [Figure 1] This figure shows one embodiment of a crushing and compaction apparatus equipped with a tamping tool according to the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a front view of a tamping tool and a circuit breaker with the tamping tool attached. [Figure 3A] This is a view of a tamping tool from above. [Figure 3B] This is a view of a tamping tool from below. [Figure 4] This diagram schematically shows the shape and mounting method of the crushing section that can be equipped on a tamping tool. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0011] Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a crushing and compaction device equipped with a tamping tool according to the present invention. Figure 2 is a front view of the tamping tool and the breaker to which the tamping tool is mounted. Figures 3A and 3B are views of the tamping tool from above and below, respectively. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the shape and mounting method of a crushing section that can be mounted on the tamping tool. For the purpose of ease of understanding, the dimensions and number of each part have been exaggerated or simplified as necessary. In addition, for the convenience of the following explanation, these drawings show an XYZ orthogonal coordinate axis in which the direction perpendicular to the vertical direction Z and the forward direction X of the mobile construction machine 100 such as a backhoe is defined as the "Y direction".

[0012] As shown in Figure 1, this tamping tool 1 is a tool for crushing and compacting waste accumulated in a waste disposal site. Here, we will illustrate and explain the use of the tamping tool 1 in a waste disposal site for disposing of so-called five stable items (sometimes also called stable type items) as waste, but the "waste" in this invention includes industrial waste or general waste other than the five stable items.

[0013] The five stable waste items include rubble, rubber waste, metal waste, waste plastics, glass waste, concrete waste, and ceramic waste. In a waste disposal site where these waste 300 are accumulated, it is desirable to finely crush the waste 300 and then compact it. Therefore, in this embodiment, the tamping tool 1 shown in Figures 2, 3A, and 3B is attached to a hydraulic breaker 200 mounted on the movable arm 101 of a mobile construction machine 100. More specifically, as shown in Figure 1, the hydraulic breaker 200 is attached to the movable arm 101 of the construction machine 100 via a bracket 102. This hydraulic breaker 200 has a breaker body (not shown). This breaker body also has a cylinder in the center. By supplying pressurized oil to the cylinder from a hydraulic supply source (not shown) via a switching valve, the piston that slides inside the cylinder can move back and forth in the axial direction.

[0014] A tamping tool 1 is attached to the tip of the breaker body (the lower end in Figures 1 and 2). As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3A, and 3B, the tamping tool 1 has a substantially flat compaction plate 2. A rod member 3 is fixed to the center of the upper surface 21 of the compaction plate 2. The rod member 3 has a cylindrical shape extending in the vertical direction Z. The upper end of the rod member 3 is finished in a shape that allows it to be detachably attached to the breaker body. The rod member 3 is fixed with its lower end surface in close contact with the upper surface 21 of the compaction plate 2. In this embodiment, a core material 4 and a reinforcing rib member 5 are used to firmly fix the rod member 3 to the compaction plate 2.

[0015] A through-hole (not shown) is provided in the center of the compaction plate 2. The lower opening of this through-hole is wider than the upper opening. The inner surface of the through-hole has a so-called inverted mortar shape in the lower region, where the opening diameter gradually narrows as it moves upwards, and the through-hole is finished so that the central region has the same inner diameter as the upper opening. On the other hand, the core material 4 has a shape similar to a countersunk screw, with its upper end being a cylindrical portion finished to the same diameter as the upper opening, while its lower end is finished to a shape that can be fitted into the lower region of the through-hole (the portion with the inverted mortar shape). This core material 4 is inserted from below the compaction plate 2 through the through-hole, and its upper end is inserted into a fitting hole provided in the center of the lower end of the rod member 3, while its lower end is locked to the compaction plate 2. In this way, the compaction plate 2 and the rod member 3 are firmly connected in the vertical direction. Furthermore, welding 6 is performed along the connection point between the compaction plate 2 and the rod member 3. Furthermore, the same welding 6 connects the four reinforcing rib members 5, which are positioned around the lower end side surface of the rod member 3, to the compaction plate 2 and the rod member 3, thereby reinforcing the rod member 3 from the horizontal direction.

[0016] The lower surface 23 of the compaction plate 2 has a planar size that allows it to cover all or part of a relatively large waste 300 piled up in a waste disposal site from above. Multiple (13 in this embodiment) crushing sections 7 are provided protruding downward from this lower surface 23. In this embodiment, two types of crushing sections 7 are provided: a positive point 7a (see Figure 4(a)) with a positive-shaped tip, and a negative point 7b (see Figure 4(b)) with a negative-shaped tip. However, the tip shape of the crushing section 7 is not limited to these, and is arbitrary as long as it is tapered. Some or all of the crushing sections 7 may be replaced with points 7c with a truncated square pyramid shape at the tip, as shown in Figure 4(c), and detachably attached to the recess 24. Alternatively, instead of a truncated square pyramid shape, a square pyramid, truncated cone, cone, truncated triangular pyramid, triangular pyramid, truncated pentagonal pyramid, pentagonal pyramid, etc., may be used.

[0017] As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3B, these crushing sections 7 are fixed by welding 6 with their tapered tips facing downwards, and their rear ends (upper ends) fitted into recesses 24 formed on the lower surface 23. Furthermore, of the 13 crushing sections 7, the one protruding from the center of the lower surface of the compaction plate 2 is the central crushing section 7, and the other crushing sections 7 are arranged symmetrically in a plan view of the compaction plate 2 from below. Thus, the 13 crushing sections 7 are arranged in a matrix in a plan view of the compaction plate 2 from below, that is, they are distributed two-dimensionally within the lower surface 23 of the compaction plate 2. Therefore, as will be explained next, when the tamping tool 1 configured as described above is lowered from above the waste 300, multiple crushing sections 7 of the 13 crushing sections 7 come into contact with the waste 300 and contribute to the crushing of the waste 300.

[0018] As shown in Figure 3A, locking portions 25a to 25d are erected upward at the four corners of the upper edge of the compaction plate 2. Each locking portion 25a to 25d has the function of locking the lower end of the connecting portion 8, which is interposed by the suspension 81. In order to connect the connecting portion 8, whose lower end is locked by the locking portions 25a to 25d, to the hydraulic breaker 200, a bucket pin 201 is attached to the upper end of the hydraulic breaker 200, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. Locking members 202 and 203, such as eye bolts, are attached to both ends of this bucket pin 201 in the Y direction. As shown in Figure 1, the connecting portion 8 is connected between the locking member 202 on the (+Y) side and the two locking portions 25a and 25b on the (+Y) side. Furthermore, on the (-Y) side, the connecting portion 8 is connected between the locking member 203 and the two locking portions 25c and 25d on the (-Y) side.

[0019] Thus, in this embodiment, four connecting portions 8 that connect the upper surface peripheral portion of the rolling press plate 2 and the hydraulic breaker 200 are provided radially around the rod member 3 in a plan view from above. Therefore, when the crushing and compaction of the waste 300 are performed as described below, even if the posture of the tamping tool 1 with respect to the hydraulic breaker 200 is inclined according to the shape, size, etc. of the waste 300, at the moment when the crushing portion 7 moves upward away from the waste 300, the posture of the tamping tool 1 with respect to the hydraulic breaker 200 is restored by the action of the four suspensions 81 arranged radially. Therefore, the posture of the tamping tool 1 can be kept constant, and the waste 300 can be crushed stably. In this embodiment, four connecting portions 8 are used, but the number of the connecting portions 8 is arbitrary as long as the posture of the tamping tool 1 can be kept constant.

[0020] Next, a method for crushing and compacting the waste 300 using the tamping tool 1 will be described with reference to FIG. 1. The upper end portion of the rod member 3 of the tamping tool 1 is attached to the breaker body. Then, in a state where the tamping tool 1 is attached to the construction machine 100, an operator operates the construction machine 100 to arrange the lower surface 23 of the rolling press plate 2 and the crushing portion 7 to press against the waste 300, and applies an impact force from the hydraulic breaker 200 to the rod member 3. As a result, a downward impact force is transmitted to the rolling press plate 2 through the rod member 3, and the waste 300 is crushed by the crushing portion 7. Also, the finely crushed crushed material 301 is compacted by the lower surface 23 of the rolling press plate 2 and the crushing portion 7. Thereby, the surface layer of the waste disposal site is compacted.

[0021] When the crushing and compaction are completed in a size corresponding to the size of the rolling press plate 2 in this way, the operator operates the construction machine 100 and repeats the above-described crushing and compaction operation on the waste 300 (the waste 300 deposited in the area before crushing and compaction in FIG. 1) adjacent to the area where the crushing and compaction are completed.

[0022] As described above, according to this embodiment, the construction machine 100 not only applies a static load to the waste 300 located on the lower surface 23 of the compaction plate 2 and to the surface area of ​​the waste disposal site, but also applies a dynamic load to the waste 300 by having the breaker body strike the upper end of the rod member 3 of the tamping tool 1, as described above, thereby crushing the waste 300 and compacting the surface of the waste disposal site. Therefore, it is possible to compact the waste disposal site more efficiently and in a smaller size than conventional technology that uses only static loads.

[0023] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, in the above embodiment, a crushing and compaction device equipped with the tamping tool 1 is used in a final disposal site for the so-called five stable waste items. However, this crushing and compaction device can also be used in disposal sites for industrial waste other than the five stable waste items, as well as in general waste disposal sites, and will have the same effects as described above, that is, it can crush the waste accumulated in the waste disposal site and compact the waste disposal site with excellent compaction efficiency. As a result, the lifespan of the waste disposal site can be extended.

[0024] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, each crushing section 7 is fixed to the lower surface 23 of the compaction plate 2 by welding 6, but the fixing method is not limited to welding and is arbitrary. For example, similar to the method of fixing the rod member 3 to the compaction plate 2, the entire crushing section 7 may be finished in a tapered shape, and the crushing section 7 may be inserted from above into a through hole having a so-called mortar shape, where the opening diameter gradually narrows as it moves downward relative to the compaction plate 2, and the crushing section 7 may be fixed to the compaction plate 2 by welding or the like with only the tip of the crushing section 7 protruding downward from the lower surface 23 of the compaction plate 2.

[0025] Furthermore, although the crushing section 7 is fixed to the lower surface 23 of the compaction plate 2 as a whole, the crushing section 7 may be configured as a segmented structure to account for wear on the tip of the crushing section 7 when crushing the waste 300 by the crushing section 7. For example, the crushing section 7 may be configured to have a crushing base portion fixed to the compaction plate 2, a point portion that is detachably attached to the crushing base portion from below, and a connecting pin that is inserted through the crushing base portion and the point portion to connect them. In this case, the point portion can be replaced with a new one as it wears out. [Industrial applicability]

[0026] This invention can be applied to all types of crushing and compaction, which involve crushing and compacting waste accumulated in waste disposal sites. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0027] 1… Tamping tool 2… Compaction plate 3…Rod component 7, 7a~7c...Crushing part 8...Connection part 21…(The top surface of the compaction plate) 23…Underside (of the compaction plate) 81... Suspension 100... Mobile construction machinery 101...Movable arm 200... Hydraulic breaker 300...waste 301... Crushed material Z…Vertical direction

Claims

[Claim 1] A crushing and compaction method for crushing waste accumulated in a waste disposal site and compacting the surface layer of the waste disposal site using a tamping tool having a rod member extending in the vertical direction, a compaction plate attached to the lower end of the rod member, and a plurality of crushing parts protruding from the lower surface of the compaction plate, A crushing and compaction method characterized by inserting the upper end of the rod member into a breaker mounted on the movable arm of a mobile construction machine, and then positioning the mobile construction machine so that the lower surface of the compaction plate and the crushing part are pressed against the waste, and continuing to apply striking force from the breaker to the rod member until the crushing and compaction of the waste is completed, thereby crushing the waste with the crushing part and compacting the surface of the waste disposal site with the lower surface of the compaction plate and the crushing part.

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