Natural ventilation system

Abstract

To prevent the natural ventilation capacity from becoming too high under intense solar radiation, and to properly regulate the volume of ventilation.SOLUTION: A shaft 12 naturally ventilates air in the interior space 11 by generating a chimney effect. A sunlight input mechanism 16 increases the chimney effect by allowing sunlight to enter the shaft 12 and warm the air in the shaft 12. An incident amount control mechanism regulates the chimney effect by controlling the amount of sunlight that enters the shaft 12 via the sunlight incident mechanism 16.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a natural ventilation system for buildings. In particular, it relates to a mechanism for controlling the ventilation volume in a natural ventilation system using sunlight.

Background Art

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a natural ventilation system that increases the natural ventilation ability by enhancing the chimney effect of a vertical shaft by using sunlight, without increasing the cross-sectional shape of the vertical shaft.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In the natural ventilation system described in Patent Document 1, when the solar radiation is high, such as in summer, the natural ventilation ability may become too high. An object of this invention is to solve such problems, for example.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] The natural ventilation system includes a shaft configured to naturally ventilate indoor air by generating a chimney effect, a sunlight incident mechanism that increases the chimney effect by allowing sunlight to enter the shaft and warming the air in the shaft, and an incident amount suppression mechanism that adjusts the chimney effect by suppressing the amount of sunlight incident on the shaft through the sunlight incident mechanism. The sunlight incident mechanism may have dimming glass, and the incident amount suppression mechanism may adjust the transparency of the dimming glass. The sunlight incidence mechanism may include a blind. The incidence amount suppression mechanism may adjust the amount of light blocked by the blind. The natural ventilation system may further include a ventilation rate measuring mechanism for measuring the amount of ventilation through the shaft. The ingress reduction mechanism may reduce the amount of sunlight entering the shaft based on the amount of ventilation measured by the ventilation rate measuring mechanism. The natural ventilation system may further include an indoor temperature measuring mechanism for measuring the indoor temperature. The amount of sunlight entering the shaft may be reduced based on the indoor temperature measured by the indoor temperature measuring mechanism. The natural ventilation system may further include an outdoor temperature measuring mechanism for measuring the outdoor temperature. The amount of sunlight entering the shaft may be reduced based on the indoor temperature measured by the indoor temperature measuring mechanism and the outdoor temperature measured by the outdoor temperature measuring mechanism. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] By suppressing the amount of sunlight entering the shaft 12 via the sunlight injection mechanism 16, the strength of the chimney effect can be adjusted, thereby allowing for appropriate adjustment of the ventilation rate. By adjusting the transparency of the dimmable glass and the opening of the blinds, the amount of sunlight entering the shaft 12 can be suppressed, allowing the strength of the chimney effect to be adjusted with a simple mechanism, thereby reducing construction and maintenance costs. By suppressing the amount of sunlight entering the shaft 12 based on the ventilation rate and indoor temperature, the ventilation rate and indoor temperature can be appropriately adjusted. By suppressing the amount of sunlight entering the shaft 12 based on the indoor and outdoor temperatures, the indoor temperature can be appropriately controlled even when ventilation is not possible. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0007] [Figure 1] A diagram showing an example of a natural ventilation system. [Figure 2] A diagram showing an example of a natural ventilation system. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0008] The natural ventilation system 10 will be described with reference to Figure 1. The natural ventilation system 10 is installed, for example, in a building with multiple floors, and ventilates the indoor space 11 by utilizing the chimney effect. The natural ventilation system 10 includes, for example, a shaft 12, an indoor exhaust port 13, an air intake port 14, an outdoor exhaust port 15, and a solar light injection mechanism 16.

[0009] The shaft 12 generates a chimney effect. For example, the shaft 12 defines a long internal space. The internal space defined by the shaft 12 preferably extends vertically. However, the internal space may extend diagonally, for example, or it may bend or curve along its length, as long as it has the necessary height difference to generate a chimney effect.

[0010] The indoor exhaust port 13 exhausts the air from the indoor space 11 (indoors) into the shaft 12 due to the chimney effect generated by the shaft 12. Alternatively, an opening area adjustment mechanism (such as a shutter) can be provided to reduce or close the opening area of ​​the indoor exhaust port 13, thereby suppressing or stopping the exhaust due to the chimney effect. Furthermore, a forced exhaust mechanism (such as a fan) can be provided to forcibly exhaust air through the indoor exhaust port 13, supplementing the exhaust due to the chimney effect.

[0011] The air intake vent 14 draws in outdoor air into the indoor space 11 as air is exhausted from the indoor space 11 into the shaft 12 via the indoor exhaust vent 13. Similar to the indoor exhaust vent 13, the air intake vent 14 may also be equipped with an opening area adjustment mechanism or a forced exhaust mechanism.

[0012] The outdoor exhaust port 15 exhausts the air inside the shaft 12 to the outside through the chimney effect generated by the shaft 12. Similar to the indoor exhaust port 13 and air intake port 14, the outdoor exhaust port 15 may also be equipped with an opening area adjustment mechanism or a forced exhaust mechanism.

[0013] The solar radiation injection mechanism 16 increases the chimney effect generated by the shaft 12 by injecting sunlight into the shaft 12 and warming the air inside the shaft 12.

[0014] The natural ventilation system 10 will be described in detail with reference to Figure 2. The natural ventilation system 10 further includes an inlet volume suppression mechanism 17, a ventilation volume measurement mechanism 21, an indoor temperature measurement mechanism 22, and an outdoor temperature measurement mechanism 2323.

[0015] The ingress reduction mechanism 17 adjusts the chimney effect generated by the shaft 12 by suppressing the amount of sunlight that enters the shaft 12 via the sunlight ingress mechanism 16. For example, the sunlight incidence mechanism 16 has a dimmable glass and causes sunlight to enter the shaft 12 through the dimmable glass. The incidence amount suppression mechanism 17 suppresses the amount of sunlight that passes through the dimmable glass by adjusting the transparency of the dimmable glass. Alternatively, the sunlight incidence mechanism 16 includes a transparent glass and a blind that blocks sunlight entering the shaft 12 through the transparent glass. The incidence amount suppression mechanism 17 adjusts the amount of light blocked by the blind by adjusting the opening degree of the blind.

[0016] The injection amount suppression mechanism 17 adjusts the chimney effect generated by the shaft 12, for example, based on user operation. For example, when the user performs an operation to reduce the ventilation volume, the incident amount suppression mechanism 17 increases the suppression amount for suppressing the sunlight incident into the shaft 12 via the sunlight incident mechanism 16, for example, by lowering the transparency of the dimming glass. Thereby, an increase in the chimney effect by the sunlight incident mechanism 16 is suppressed, and the chimney effect by the shaft 12 becomes weaker. As a result, the amount of natural ventilation by the natural ventilation system 10 decreases. In addition, when an opening area adjustment mechanism is provided in the indoor exhaust port 13 or the outdoor exhaust port 15, the ventilation volume may be reduced by using the opening area adjustment mechanism. For example, even if the sunlight incident into the shaft 12 via the sunlight incident mechanism 16 is suppressed to the maximum, such as making the dimming glass completely opaque, if the ventilation volume is too large, the ventilation volume may be suppressed by decreasing the opening area of the indoor exhaust port 13 or the outdoor exhaust port 15. Alternatively, when it is desired to reduce only the ventilation volume of one of the plurality of indoor spaces 11, the ventilation volume of that indoor space 11 may be suppressed without suppressing the sunlight incident into the shaft 12 via the sunlight incident mechanism 16 by suppressing the opening area of the indoor exhaust port 13 of that indoor space 11.

[0017] Conversely, when the user performs an operation to increase the ventilation volume, the incident amount suppression mechanism 17 reduces the suppression amount for suppressing the sunlight incident into the shaft 12 via the sunlight incident mechanism 16, for example, by raising the transparency of the dimming glass. Thereby, an increase in the chimney effect by the sunlight incident mechanism 16 is promoted, and the chimney effect by the shaft 12 becomes stronger. As a result, the amount of natural ventilation by the natural ventilation system 10 increases. In addition, when a forced ventilation mechanism is provided in the indoor exhaust port 13 or the outdoor exhaust port 15, the ventilation volume may be increased by using the forced ventilation mechanism. For example, even if the sunlight incident into the shaft 12 via the sunlight incident mechanism 16 is increased to the maximum, such as making the dimming glass completely transparent, if the ventilation volume is too small, the ventilation volume may be increased by operating the forced ventilation mechanism. However, when it is desired to increase only the ventilation rate of one of the plurality of indoor spaces 11, instead of operating the forced ventilation mechanism of the indoor exhaust port 13 of that indoor space 11, the chimney effect is increased by reducing the suppression amount that suppresses the sunlight incident into the shaft 12 through the sunlight incident mechanism 16 to increase the overall ventilation rate, and the opening area of the indoor exhaust port 13 is reduced by the opening area adjustment mechanism of the indoor exhaust port 13 of the other indoor spaces 11, so that only the ventilation rate of a specific indoor space 11 is increased without changing the ventilation rate of the other indoor spaces 11, which is preferable.

[0018] The ventilation rate measurement mechanism 21 measures the amount of ventilation through the shaft 12. For example, the ventilation rate measurement mechanism 21 is provided at the indoor exhaust port 13 or the outdoor exhaust port 15 and has an air volume measurement device that measures the air volume passing therethrough.

[0019] The incident amount suppression mechanism 17 may suppress the amount of sunlight incident into the shaft 12 based on the amount of ventilation measured by the ventilation rate measurement mechanism 21. For example, the user sets a target value for the amount of ventilation in advance. The incident amount suppression mechanism 17 compares the ventilation rate measured by the ventilation rate measurement mechanism 21 with the target value, and when the ventilation rate is too high, increases the suppression amount that suppresses the sunlight incident into the shaft 12 to weaken the chimney effect. Conversely, when the ventilation rate is too low, the suppression amount that suppresses the sunlight incident into the shaft 12 is reduced to strengthen the chimney effect.

[0020] The indoor temperature measurement mechanism 22 measures the temperature of the indoor space 11. For example, the indoor temperature measurement mechanism 22 is provided inside the indoor space 11 and has a temperature measurement device that measures the temperature therein.

[0021] The incident amount suppression mechanism 17 may suppress the amount of sunlight incident into the shaft 12 based on the temperature measured by the indoor temperature measurement mechanism 22. For example, the user sets a target value for the indoor temperature in advance. The ingress reduction mechanism 17 compares the indoor temperature measured by the indoor temperature measuring mechanism 22 with the target value, and if the indoor temperature is too low, it increases the amount of reduction that suppresses sunlight entering the shaft 12, thereby weakening the chimney effect. As a result, the ventilation rate decreases, and the indoor temperature rises. Alternatively, instead of suppressing sunlight entering the shaft 12, the ventilation rate may be reduced by suppressing the opening area using an opening area suppression mechanism provided at the outdoor exhaust port 15. In this case, the air inside the shaft 12 will be warmed by the sunlight entering the shaft 12 via the sunlight incidence mechanism 16, and this heat will be transferred to the indoor space 11, raising the indoor temperature. This is particularly effective when the outside temperature is low.

[0022] Conversely, if the indoor temperature is too high, the ingress reduction mechanism 17 reduces the amount of sunlight suppressed into the shaft 12, thereby strengthening the chimney effect. This increases the ventilation rate, which lowers the indoor temperature.

[0023] The outdoor temperature measuring mechanism 23 measures the outdoor temperature. For example, the outdoor temperature measuring mechanism 23 is installed outside the building and has a temperature measuring device that measures the outside temperature.

[0024] If the outside temperature is high, increasing the ventilation may not lower the indoor temperature. On the contrary, the air inside the shaft 12 may be heated, and that heat may be transferred to the indoor space 11, potentially raising the indoor temperature. To prevent this, the incident amount suppression mechanism 17 suppresses the amount of sunlight incident into the shaft 12 based on the indoor temperature measured by the indoor temperature measuring mechanism 22 and the outdoor temperature measured by the outdoor temperature measuring mechanism 23. For example, if the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature, the ingress reduction mechanism 17, even if the indoor temperature is higher than the target value, does not increase the ventilation rate, but rather increases the amount of reduction that suppresses sunlight entering the shaft 12 via the solar ingress mechanism 16, thereby suppressing the heating of the air inside the shaft 12 and reducing the ventilation rate. Then, the indoor temperature is lowered by other means such as an air conditioning system. This improves the efficiency of the air conditioning system and prevents heat from being transferred from the air inside the shaft 12 to the indoor space 11.

[0025] As described above, the amount of sunlight entering the shaft 12 via the sunlight injection mechanism 16 is suppressed by the injection amount suppression mechanism 17, thereby adjusting the strength of the chimney effect and allowing for appropriate adjustment of the ventilation rate.

[0026] The embodiments described above are examples intended to facilitate understanding of the present invention. The present invention is not limited thereto and includes various modifications, changes, additions, or deletions without departing from the scope defined by the appended claims. This will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the above description.

[0027] For example, the shaft 12 may be installed on the supply side of the indoor space 11 instead of the exhaust side. The solar light injection mechanism 16 may be provided on the side of the shaft 12, rather than on the top.

[0028] As explained above, natural ventilation, one of the energy-saving methods for buildings, is a technology that has been actively adopted in office buildings in recent years. In particular, there are many cases where outside air is introduced from the exterior walls of each floor and exhausted from the top of the building through a vertical, open space. To increase the amount of outside air introduced from the natural air intake, solar heat enters and warms the air in the vertical space, strengthening the updraft and increasing the force that draws in air from each floor. For this reason, the exterior walls that make up the vertical space are sometimes made of glass, or skylights that are also used for natural lighting are installed. This proposal adjusts the amount of natural ventilation airflow by controlling the amount of solar radiation entering through a skylight with a glass exterior and changing the strength of the updraft in the eco-void. In other words, to maintain a constant natural ventilation airflow and indoor temperature, the amount of solar radiation entering through the skylight glass is controlled according to these values. Specifically, dimmable glass or blinds are used. Let's assume that natural ventilation is being performed with a certain dimming rate of dimmable glass or a blind slat angle. To increase the airflow of natural ventilation from this state, change the dimmable glass to transparent, which increases the amount of solar heat gain, or adjust the slat angle so that the blinds open. Conversely, to decrease the airflow of natural ventilation from this state, change the dimmable glass to opaque, which decreases the amount of solar heat gain, or adjust the slat angle so that the blinds close. This prevents excessive ventilation even when a large amount of solar radiation enters the vertical space. It prevents the radiant temperature inside the vertical space from rising due to solar radiation intrusion, which would worsen the thermal environment, including adjacent spaces. By controlling the amount of natural ventilation airflow, the airflow within the room can be reduced, thereby reducing discomfort to workers caused by airflow in the office. During times when natural ventilation is ineffective, or during periods of high solar radiation such as summer outside of the transitional seasons, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the vertical space and adjacent spaces from rising too high. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0029] 10 Natural ventilation system, 11 Indoor space, 12 Shaft, 13 Indoor exhaust vent, 14 Intake vent, 15 Outdoor exhaust vent, 16 Solar light incidence mechanism, 17 Incidence amount suppression mechanism, 21 Ventilation volume measurement mechanism, 22 Indoor temperature measurement mechanism, 23 Outdoor temperature measurement mechanism.

Claims

1. A shaft designed to naturally ventilate indoor air by generating a chimney effect, A solar radiation injection mechanism that increases the chimney effect by injecting sunlight into the shaft and warming the air inside the shaft, An ingress amount suppression mechanism adjusts the chimney effect by suppressing the amount of sunlight incident into the shaft via the aforementioned sunlight ingress mechanism, The system includes a ventilation volume measuring mechanism for measuring the amount of ventilation through the shaft, The amount of sunlight entering the shaft is suppressed based on the amount of ventilation measured by the ventilation rate measuring mechanism. Natural ventilation system.

2. A shaft configured to naturally ventilate indoor air by generating a chimney effect, A solar radiation injection mechanism that increases the chimney effect by injecting sunlight into the shaft and warming the air inside the shaft, An ingress amount suppression mechanism adjusts the chimney effect by suppressing the amount of sunlight incident into the shaft via the aforementioned sunlight ingress mechanism, The system includes an indoor temperature measuring mechanism for measuring the indoor temperature, The incident amount suppression mechanism suppresses the amount of sunlight incident into the shaft when the indoor temperature measured by the indoor temperature measuring mechanism is lower than a preset target temperature. Natural ventilation system.

3. Further comprising an outdoor temperature measuring mechanism for measuring the outdoor temperature, The amount of sunlight entering the shaft is suppressed when the outdoor temperature measured by the outdoor temperature measuring mechanism is higher than the indoor temperature measured by the indoor temperature measuring mechanism. The natural ventilation system according to claim 2.

4. The sunlight incidence mechanism has a dimmable glass, The incident amount suppression mechanism adjusts the transparency of the dimmable glass. A natural ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The sunlight incidence mechanism has a blind, The incident amount suppression mechanism adjusts the amount of light blocked by the blind. A natural ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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