Fluid monitoring system

Abstract

To provide a fluid monitoring system which reduces the cost and can detect fuel leakage in a gas turbine system.SOLUTION: A fluid monitoring system includes a controller configured to determine that a value of at least one fluid property of a fluid is greater than a threshold value, and to control actuators to identify which fluid source has the fluid with the value of the at least one fluid property greater than the threshold value. Each actuator is configured to drive a corresponding crossover valve between a first position and a second position to direct the fluid from a corresponding first fluid source to a first manifold or a second manifold and to direct the fluid from a corresponding second fluid source to the first manifold or the second manifold. In addition, the first manifold is configured to direct the fluid to a first sensor assembly, and the second manifold is configured to direct the fluid to a second sensor assembly.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The subject matter disclosed herein relates to fluid monitoring systems.

Background Art

[0002] Gas turbine systems typically include at least one gas turbine engine having a compressor, a combustion section, a turbine, and a fuel source. The combustion section includes a plurality of combustion cans, each combustion can being configured to receive fuel from the fuel source and compressed air from the compressor. For example, each combustor can have a head end configured to receive compressed air from the compressor. A fuel nozzle can inject fuel into the compressed air as the compressed air flows through the combustion can. Thereafter, the fuel-air mixture is burned and the resulting combustion gases are directed to the turbine.

[0003] During operation of a gas turbine system, fuel can enter the head end of a combustion can due to fuel leakage in the gas turbine system. Thus, a hydrocarbon sensor can be fluidly coupled to the head end of each combustion can to detect fuel leakage. Unfortunately, due to the cost of hydrocarbon sensors and the number of combustion cans in a gas turbine engine, detection of fuel leakage using hydrocarbon sensors can significantly increase the cost of the gas turbine system.

Summary of the Invention

[0004] Certain embodiments that are equivalent in scope to the original claims are summarized below. These embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter, but rather, these embodiments are only intended to present an overview of possible forms of the claimed subject matter. Indeed, the claimed subject matter may encompass various forms that may be similar to or different from the embodiments described below.

[0005] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a fluid monitoring system includes a controller having memory and a processor. The controller is configured to determine that the value of at least one fluid characteristic of a fluid is greater than a threshold, and in response to the determination that the value of at least one fluid characteristic is greater than a threshold, the controller is configured to control a plurality of actuators to identify which fluid source has a fluid having the value of at least one fluid characteristic greater than a threshold. Each actuator is configured to drive each crossover valve between a first position and a second position. Each crossover valve is configured to direct fluid from each first fluid source to a first manifold and fluid from each second fluid source to a second manifold when the crossover valve is in the first position, and to direct fluid from each first fluid source to a second manifold and fluid from each second fluid source to a first manifold when the crossover valve is in the second position. Furthermore, the first manifold is configured to receive fluid and guide it to the first sensor assembly, and the second manifold is configured to receive fluid and guide it to the second sensor assembly. These features, aspects, and advantages of this disclosure, as well as other features, aspects, and advantages, will be better understood by considering the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, similar letters throughout the drawings represent similar parts. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0006] [Figure 1] This is a block diagram of one embodiment of a gas turbine system according to one aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a combustion section that can be used in the gas turbine system shown in Figure 1 according to one aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a fluid monitoring system that can be fluidly coupled to the combustion section of Figure 2 according to one aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 4]This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a fluid monitoring system that can be fluidly coupled to the combustion section of Figure 2 according to one aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] This is a schematic diagram of a rotary crossover valve that can be used in the fluid monitoring system of Figure 3 and / or the fluid monitoring system of Figure 4 according to one aspect of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] This is a flowchart of one embodiment of a method for monitoring a fluid according to one aspect of the present disclosure. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0007] One or more specific embodiments of this disclosure are described below. In an effort to provide a concise description of these embodiments, some features of the actual embodiments may not be described herein. In developing any such actual embodiment, it should be understood that, as with any engineering or design project, numerous embodiment-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developer's particular goals, including compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which may differ from embodiment to embodiment. Furthermore, it should be understood that while such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, they will still be considered by those skilled in the art to benefit from this disclosure as merely routine design, fabrication, and manufacturing endeavors.

[0008] When describing elements of various embodiments of this disclosure, the articles “a, an,” “the,” and “said” are intended to mean that there is one or more of those elements. The terms “equip,” “include,” and “have” are inclusive and are intended to mean that there may be further elements other than those listed. No example of operating parameters and / or environmental conditions is intended to exclude other parameters / conditions of the disclosed embodiments.

[0009] The disclosed embodiments relate to a fluid monitoring system configured to detect hydrocarbons in the head end of each combustion canister of a combustion chamber. As described in detail below, the fluid monitoring system includes a first manifold configured to receive fluid (e.g., air) and guide the fluid to a first sensor assembly (e.g., including a hydrocarbon sensor). Furthermore, the fluid monitoring system includes a second manifold configured to receive fluid and guide the fluid to a second sensor assembly (e.g., including a hydrocarbon sensor). Furthermore, the fluid monitoring system includes a plurality of crossover valves. Each crossover valve is configured to guide fluid from its respective first fluid source (e.g., the head end of each first combustion canister) to the first manifold and from its respective second fluid source (e.g., the head end of each second combustion canister) to the second manifold when the crossover valve is in a first position. Furthermore, each crossover valve is configured to guide fluid from its respective first fluid source to its second manifold and from its respective second fluid source to its first manifold when the crossover valve is in the second position.

[0010] During operation of the gas turbine system, the fluid monitoring system can detect fuel leaks to the head ends of each combustion vessel. For example, when the crossover valve is in the first position, the first sensor assembly can detect fuel at either of the head ends of each first combustion vessel, and the second sensor assembly can detect fuel at either of the head ends of each second combustion vessel. Thus, the fluid monitoring system can continuously or substantially continuously monitor the head ends for fuel leaks. Furthermore, the crossover valve can be controlled to identify the head end receiving fuel from a leak. For example, in response to the determination that leaked fuel is present in a head end, each crossover valve can be sequentially moved between the first and second positions. The head end facing a fuel leak can be identified in accordance with the change in detection between the first and second sensor assemblies. Thus, the head end receiving leaked fuel can be identified with two sensor assemblies, compared to one sensor assembly per combustion vessel, and therefore the cost of the gas turbine system can be reduced. Furthermore, because the sensor assembly continuously / substantially monitors the combustion chamber head end for fuel, fuel leaks within the gas turbine system can be detected almost instantly compared to a fluid monitoring system that periodically directs air from each combustion chamber to a single sensor assembly.

[0011] Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of the gas turbine system 10. The gas turbine system 10 includes a compressor 12, a combustion section 14, and a turbine 16. The combustion section 14 includes a plurality of combustion canisters 15 (e.g., 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, etc.). Each combustion canister 15 includes a head end 17 that receives compressed air from the compressor 12 and a fuel nozzle 18 that delivers fuel from a fuel source 20, such as a fuel skid, to the combustion canister 15. The fuel source 20 can supply liquid fuels and / or gaseous fuels such as natural gas and / or synthesis gas produced from a gasification system (e.g., a gasifier that produces synthesis gas from raw materials such as coal). The combustion canisters 15 of the combustion section 14 ignite the fuel and burn it with compressed air from the compressor 12. The fuel is burned with compressed air in the combustion chamber 26 of each combustion canister 15 to produce high-temperature pressurized combustion gas 22 (e.g., exhaust gas). The inner wall 21 of each combustion canister 15 extends circumferentially around the combustion chamber 26, sending the combustion gas 22 to the turbine 16.

[0012] The turbine blades within the turbine 16 are coupled to the shaft 24 of the gas turbine system 10, and the shaft 24 can be further coupled to several other components of the gas turbine system 10 as a whole. When the combustion gas 22 flows between the blades of the turbine 16, the turbine blades are driven to rotate, thereby rotating the shaft 24. Finally, the combustion gas 22 exits the gas turbine system 10 through the exhaust outlet 28. Furthermore, in the illustrated embodiment, the shaft 24 is coupled to a load 30 powered by the rotation of the shaft 24. The load 30 may be any suitable device that generates output by the rotational output of the gas turbine system 10, such as a generator, an airplane propeller, or another load.

[0013] The compressor 12 of the gas turbine system 10 includes compressor blades. The compressor blades of the compressor 12 are coupled to the shaft 24 as described above and rotate when the shaft 24 is driven and rotated by the turbine 16. As the compressor blades rotate within the compressor 12, the compressor 12 compresses the air (or any suitable oxidizer) received from the air intake 32 to produce pressurized air 34. The pressurized air 34 is then supplied to each combustion canister 15 (for example, from the downstream end of the combustion canister to the head end to cool the combustion liner). As described above, the fuel nozzle 18 brings the pressurized air 34 and fuel into the combustion chamber 26 for combustion in order to drive and rotate the turbine 16.

[0014] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a combustion chamber 14 that can be used in the gas turbine system of Figure 1. In the illustrated embodiment, the combustion chamber 14 includes 12 combustion canisters 15 distributed circumferentially around the central axis of the combustion chamber 14. In the illustrated embodiment, the combustion chamber includes 12 combustion canisters, but in other embodiments, the combustion chamber may include more or fewer combustion canisters (e.g., 4, 6, 8, 10, 14, 16, 18, 20, or any other suitable number of combustion canisters). Furthermore, in the illustrated embodiment, the canisters are distributed circumferentially around the central axis of the combustion chamber, but in other embodiments, the combustion canisters may be arranged within the combustion chamber in any other suitable pattern. Each combustion canister 15 may include one or more fuel nozzles, igniters, liners, casings, other suitable components, or a combination thereof.

[0015] As already mentioned, each combustion canister 15 includes a head end 17 (e.g., including a volume around the fuel nozzle) that receives compressed air from the compressor, and a fuel nozzle 18 that delivers fuel from the fuel source 20 to the combustion canister 15. The combustion canister 15 of the combustion section 14 ignites the fuel and burns it with compressed air 34 from the compressor 12. The fuel nozzle 18 can pre-mix the fuel and compressed air 34 before bringing them into the combustion chamber 26 (e.g., to create a fuel-air mixture), and / or the fuel nozzle 18 can bring the fuel and compressed air 34 into the combustion chamber 26 separately for diffusion combustion.

[0016] In the illustrated embodiment, the thermocouple 36 is coupled to each combustion canister 15 and configured to output a signal indicating the temperature inside each canister 15 (e.g., inside the canister's head end, inside the canister's fuel nozzle, inside the canister's combustion chamber, etc.). In the illustrated embodiment, one thermocouple is coupled to each canister, but in other embodiments, multiple thermocouples may be coupled to at least one canister (e.g., to monitor different parts of the canister). Furthermore, one or more of the illustrated thermocouples may be omitted.

[0017] In the illustrated embodiment, the fluid monitoring system 38 is fluidically coupled to the combustion chamber 14. As shown in the illustration, fluid passages 40 extend from each combustion chamber 15 to the fluid monitoring system 38. As will be described in detail below, the fluid monitoring system 38 includes a first manifold configured to receive air from a specific fluid passage 40 and direct the air to a first hydrocarbon sensor assembly. Furthermore, the fluid monitoring system 38 includes a second manifold configured to receive air from another fluid passage 40 and direct the air to a second hydrocarbon sensor assembly.

[0018] Furthermore, the fluid monitoring system 38 includes crossover valves, each configured to direct air from each first combustion canister 15 to the first manifold and from each second combustion canister 15 to the second manifold when the crossover valve is in the first position. Furthermore, each crossover valve is configured to direct air from each first combustion canister 15 to the second manifold and from each second combustion canister 15 to the first manifold when the crossover valve is in the second position. Each hydrocarbon sensor assembly is configured to detect fuel in the air, thereby facilitating the detection of fuel leaks in the gas turbine system. Furthermore, the position of the crossover valves can be controlled to facilitate the identification of the location of fuel leaks in the combustion canisters 15 of the combustion section 14.

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a fluid monitoring system 38 that can be fluidly coupled to the combustion section 14 of Figure 2. As described above, each combustion chamber 15 of the combustion section 14 is fluidly coupled to the fluid monitoring system 38 by its respective fluid passage 40. In the illustrated embodiment, the combustion section 14 has 12 combustion chambers 15. Therefore, 12 fluid passages 40 extend from the fluid monitoring system 38 to each combustion chamber 15. As shown in the figure, the first fluid passage 42 extends to combustion canister 1, the second fluid passage 44 extends to combustion canister 2, the third fluid passage 46 extends to combustion canister 3, the fourth fluid passage 48 extends to combustion canister 4, the fifth fluid passage 50 extends to combustion canister 5, the sixth fluid passage 52 extends to combustion canister 6, the seventh fluid passage 54 extends to combustion canister 7, the eighth fluid passage 56 extends to combustion canister 8, the ninth fluid passage 58 extends to combustion canister 9, the tenth fluid passage 60 extends to combustion canister 10, the eleventh fluid passage 62 extends to combustion canister 11, and the twelfth fluid passage 64 extends to combustion canister 12.

[0020] The fluid monitoring system 38 includes a first crossover valve 66 fluidly coupled to a first fluid passage 42 and a second fluid passage 44. In the illustrated embodiment, the first crossover valve 66 is a four-way crossover valve having a first position 68 and a second position 70. When the first crossover valve 66 is in the first position 68, the first crossover valve 66 establishes a fluid connection between the first fluid passage 42 and the first manifold 72, and the first crossover valve 66 establishes a fluid connection between the second fluid passage 44 and the second manifold 74. Furthermore, when the first crossover valve 66 is in the second position 70, the first crossover valve 66 establishes a fluid connection between the first fluid passage 42 and the second manifold 74, and the first crossover valve 66 establishes a fluid connection between the second fluid passage 44 and the first manifold 72. Therefore, the first crossover valve 66 is configured to direct air from the combustion canister 1 (e.g., each first fluid source, each first combustion canister) to the first manifold 72 and air from the combustion canister 2 (e.g., each second fluid source, each second combustion canister) to the second manifold 74 when the first crossover valve 66 is in the first position 68, and to direct air from the combustion canister 1 to the second manifold 74 and air from the combustion canister 2 to the first manifold 72 when the first crossover valve 66 is in the second position 70.

[0021] Furthermore, the fluid monitoring system 38 includes a second crossover valve 76 fluidly coupled to the third fluid passage 46 and the fourth fluid passage 48. In the illustrated embodiment, the second crossover valve 76 is a four-way crossover valve having a first position 78 and a second position 80. When the second crossover valve 76 is in the first position 78, it establishes a fluid connection between the third fluid passage 46 and the first manifold 72, and it establishes a fluid connection between the fourth fluid passage 48 and the second manifold 74. Furthermore, when the second crossover valve 76 is in the second position 80, it establishes a fluid connection between the third fluid passage 46 and the second manifold 74, and it establishes a fluid connection between the fourth fluid passage 48 and the first manifold 72. Therefore, the second crossover valve 76 is configured to direct air from the combustion canisters 3 (e.g., each first fluid source, each first combustion canister) to the first manifold 72 and air from the combustion canisters 4 (e.g., each second fluid source, each second combustion canister) to the second manifold 74 when the second crossover valve 76 is in the first position 78, and to direct air from the combustion canisters 3 to the second manifold 74 and air from the combustion canisters 4 to the first manifold 72 when the second crossover valve 76 is in the second position 80.

[0022] Furthermore, the fluid monitoring system 38 includes a third crossover valve 82 fluidly coupled to a fifth fluid passage 50 and a sixth fluid passage 52. In the illustrated embodiment, the third crossover valve 82 is a four-way crossover valve having a first position 84 and a second position 86. When the third crossover valve 82 is in the first position 84, the third crossover valve 82 establishes a fluid connection between the fifth fluid passage 50 and the first manifold 72, and the third crossover valve 82 establishes a fluid connection between the sixth fluid passage 52 and the second manifold 74. Further, when the third crossover valve 82 is in the second position 86, the third crossover valve 82 establishes a fluid connection between the fifth fluid passage 50 and the second manifold 74, and the third crossover valve 82 establishes a fluid connection between the sixth fluid passage 52 and the first manifold 72. Thus, the third crossover valve 82 is configured to direct air from the combustion cans 5 (e.g., respective first fluid sources, respective first combustion cans) to the first manifold 72 and air from the combustion cans 6 (e.g., respective second fluid sources, respective second combustion cans) to the second manifold 74 when the third crossover valve 82 is in the first position 84, and to direct air from the combustion cans 5 to the second manifold 74 and air from the combustion cans 6 to the first manifold 72 when the third crossover valve 82 is in the second position 86.

[0023] Furthermore, the fluid monitoring system 38 includes a fourth crossover valve 88 fluidically coupled to the seventh fluid passage 54 and the eighth fluid passage 56. In the illustrated embodiment, the fourth crossover valve 88 is a four-way crossover valve having a first position 90 and a second position 92. When the fourth crossover valve 88 is in the first position 90, it establishes a fluid connection between the seventh fluid passage 54 and the first manifold 72, and it establishes a fluid connection between the eighth fluid passage 56 and the second manifold 74. Furthermore, when the fourth crossover valve 88 is in the second position 92, it establishes a fluid connection between the seventh fluid passage 54 and the second manifold 74, and it establishes a fluid connection between the eighth fluid passage 56 and the first manifold 72. Therefore, the fourth crossover valve 88 is configured to direct air from the combustion canisters 7 (e.g., each first fluid source, each first combustion canister) to the first manifold 72 and air from the combustion canisters 8 (e.g., each second fluid source, each second combustion canister) to the second manifold 74 when the fourth crossover valve 88 is in the first position 90, and to direct air from the combustion canisters 7 to the second manifold 74 and air from the combustion canisters 8 to the first manifold 72 when the fourth crossover valve 88 is in the second position 92.

[0024] Furthermore, the fluid monitoring system 38 includes a fifth crossover valve 94 fluidly coupled to a ninth fluid passage 58 and a tenth fluid passage 60. In the illustrated embodiment, the fifth crossover valve 94 is a four-way crossover valve having a first position 96 and a second position 98. When the fifth crossover valve 94 is in the first position 96, the fifth crossover valve 94 establishes a fluid connection between the ninth fluid passage 58 and the first manifold 72, and the fifth crossover valve 94 establishes a fluid connection between the tenth fluid passage 60 and the second manifold 74. Further, when the fifth crossover valve 94 is in the second position 98, the fifth crossover valve 94 establishes a fluid connection between the ninth fluid passage 58 and the second manifold 74, and the fifth crossover valve 94 establishes a fluid connection between the tenth fluid passage 60 and the first manifold 72. Thus, the fifth crossover valve 94 is configured to direct air from the combustion cans 9 (e.g., respective first fluid sources, respective first combustion cans) to the first manifold 72 and air from the combustion cans 10 (e.g., respective second fluid sources, respective second combustion cans) to the second manifold 74 when the fifth crossover valve 94 is in the first position 96, and to direct air from the combustion cans 9 to the second manifold 74 and air from the combustion cans 10 to the first manifold 72 when the fifth crossover valve 94 is in the second position 98.

[0025] Furthermore, the fluid monitoring system 38 includes a sixth crossover valve 100 fluidically coupled to the eleventh fluid passage 62 and the twelfth fluid passage 64. In the illustrated embodiment, the sixth crossover valve 100 is a four-way crossover valve having a first position 102 and a second position 104. When the sixth crossover valve 100 is in the first position 102, the sixth crossover valve 100 establishes a fluid connection between the eleventh fluid passage 62 and the first manifold 72, and the sixth crossover valve 100 establishes a fluid connection between the twelfth fluid passage 64 and the second manifold 74. Furthermore, when the sixth crossover valve 100 is in the second position 104, the sixth crossover valve 100 establishes a fluid connection between the eleventh fluid passage 62 and the second manifold 74, and the sixth crossover valve 100 establishes a fluid connection between the twelfth fluid passage 64 and the first manifold 72. Thus, the sixth crossover valve 100 is configured to guide air from the combustion canisters 11 (e.g., each first fluid source, each first combustion canister) to the first manifold 72 and air from the combustion canisters 12 (e.g., each second fluid source, each second combustion canister) to the second manifold 74 when the sixth crossover valve 100 is in the first position 102, and to guide air from the combustion canisters 11 to the second manifold 74 and air from the combustion canisters 12 to the first manifold 72 when the sixth crossover valve 100 is in the second position 104.

[0026] An actuator is coupled to each of the respective crossover valves, and the actuator is configured to drive each crossover valve between a first position and a second position. In the illustrated embodiment, each actuator includes a biasing element (e.g., a spring) and a solenoid. As shown, a first biasing element 106 and a first solenoid 108 are coupled to the first crossover valve 66. The first biasing element 106 is configured to move the first crossover valve 66 toward a first position 68, and the first solenoid 108 is configured to drive the first crossover valve 66 toward a second position 70. Thus, when the first solenoid 108 is activated, the first solenoid 108 drives the first crossover valve 66 toward the second position 70, and when the first solenoid 108 is not activated, the first biasing element 106 drives the first crossover valve 66 toward the first position 68.

[0027] Furthermore, a second biasing element 110 and a second solenoid 112 are coupled to the second crossover valve 76. The second biasing element 110 is configured to move the second crossover valve 76 toward a first position 78, and the second solenoid 112 is configured to drive the second crossover valve 76 toward a second position 80. Thus, when the second solenoid 112 is activated, it drives the second crossover valve 76 toward a second position 80, and when the second solenoid 112 is not activated, the second biasing element 110 drives the second crossover valve 76 toward a first position 78.

[0028] Furthermore, a third biasing element 114 and a third solenoid 116 are coupled to the third crossover valve 82. The third biasing element 114 is configured to move the third crossover valve 82 toward a first position 84, and the third solenoid 116 is configured to drive the third crossover valve 82 toward a second position 86. Thus, when the third solenoid 116 is activated, it drives the third crossover valve 82 toward the second position 86, and when the third solenoid 116 is not activated, the third biasing element 114 drives the third crossover valve 82 toward the first position 84.

[0029] A fourth biasing element 118 and a fourth solenoid 120 are coupled to the fourth crossover valve 88. The fourth biasing element 118 is configured to move the fourth crossover valve 88 toward a first position 90, and the fourth solenoid 120 is configured to drive the fourth crossover valve 88 toward a second position 92. Thus, when the fourth solenoid 120 is activated, it drives the fourth crossover valve 88 toward the second position 92, and when the fourth solenoid 120 is not activated, the fourth biasing element 118 drives the fourth crossover valve 88 toward the first position 90.

[0030] Furthermore, a fifth biasing element 122 and a fifth solenoid 124 are coupled to the fifth crossover valve 94. The fifth biasing element 122 is configured to move the fifth crossover valve 94 toward a first position 96, and the fifth solenoid 124 is configured to drive the fifth crossover valve 94 toward a second position 98. Thus, when the fifth solenoid 124 is activated, it drives the fifth crossover valve 94 toward the second position 98, and when the fifth solenoid 124 is not activated, the fifth biasing element 122 drives the fifth crossover valve 94 toward the first position 96.

[0031] Furthermore, a sixth biasing element 126 and a sixth solenoid 128 are coupled to the sixth crossover valve 100. The sixth biasing element 126 is configured to move the sixth crossover valve 100 toward a first position 102, and the sixth solenoid 128 is configured to drive the sixth crossover valve 100 toward a second position 104. Thus, when the sixth solenoid 128 is activated, it drives the sixth crossover valve 100 toward the second position 104, and when the sixth solenoid 128 is not activated, the sixth biasing element 126 drives the sixth crossover valve 100 toward the first position 102.

[0032] In the illustrated embodiment, each solenoid is communicably connected to a controller 130, which is configured to control the solenoids to control the position of the crossover valve. In a particular embodiment, the controller 130 is an electronic controller having electrical circuits configured to control the solenoids. In the illustrated embodiment, the controller 130 includes a processor, such as the illustrated microprocessor 132, and a memory device 134. Furthermore, the controller 130 may include one or more storage devices and / or other suitable components. The processor 132 can be used to run software, for example, software for controlling the solenoids. Furthermore, the processor 132 may include multiple microprocessors, one or more "general-purpose" microprocessors, one or more dedicated microprocessors, and / or one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or any combination thereof. For example, the processor 132 may include one or more reduced instruction set (RISC) processors.

[0033] The memory device 134 may include volatile memory such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory such as read-only memory (ROM). The memory device 134 can store various types of information and may be used for various purposes. For example, the memory device 134 may store processor-executable instructions (e.g., firmware or software) for execution by the processor 132, such as instructions for controlling a solenoid. The storage device (e.g., non-volatile storage) may include ROM, flash memory, hard drive, or any other suitable optical, magnetic, or semiconductor storage medium, or a combination thereof. The storage device may store data, instructions (e.g., software or firmware for controlling a solenoid), and any other suitable data.

[0034] Each actuator in the illustrated embodiment includes a biasing member configured to move each crossover valve to a first position and a solenoid configured to drive each crossover valve to a second position. In other embodiments, the fluid monitoring system may include at least one other suitable type of actuator configured to control the position of each crossover valve. For example, in a particular embodiment, at least one actuator may include a biasing member configured to move each crossover valve to a second position and a solenoid configured to drive each crossover valve to a first position. Furthermore, in a particular embodiment, at least one actuator may include a first solenoid configured to drive each crossover valve to a first position and a second solenoid configured to drive each crossover valve to a second position. In such embodiments, each solenoid may be communicated to a controller so that the controller can control the position of each crossover valve. Furthermore, each actuator of the above disclosure includes a solenoid configured to control the position of the respective crossover valve, but in certain embodiments, at least one actuator may include one or more other suitable types of actuators, such as a pneumatic actuator, a hydraulic actuator, an electromechanical actuator, another suitable type of actuator, or a combination thereof.

[0035] In the illustrated embodiment, the first manifold 72 is fluidically coupled to the first sensor assembly 136, and the second manifold 74 is fluidically coupled to the second sensor assembly 138. Each sensor assembly is configured to output a signal indicating at least one fluid property of the fluid. In a particular embodiment, the at least one fluid property includes the concentration of hydrocarbons in the fluid (e.g., air received from the head end of the combustion chamber). As shown, the controller 130 is communicatively connected to the first sensor assembly 136 and the second sensor assembly 138. The controller 130 is configured to determine a first value of at least one fluid property (e.g., hydrocarbon concentration) of the fluid (e.g., air) flowing through the first manifold 72 based on feedback from the first sensor assembly 136, and similarly, the controller 130 is configured to determine a second value of at least one fluid property (e.g., hydrocarbon concentration) of the fluid (e.g., air) flowing through the second manifold 74 based on feedback from the second sensor assembly 138. Furthermore, the controller 130 is configured to compare each value of at least one fluid characteristic (e.g., hydrocarbon concentration) with a threshold value to determine whether at least one fluid characteristic exceeds the threshold value.

[0036] For example, during the operation of the gas turbine system, the controller 130 can detect fuel leaks to the head end of the combustion canisters. For instance, when the crossover valve is in the first position, air flows from each of the first combustion canisters through the first manifold 72 to the first sensor assembly 136, and air flows from each of the second combustion canisters through the second manifold 74 to the second sensor assembly 138. In the illustrated embodiment, each of the first combustion canisters includes odd-numbered combustion canisters (i.e., combustion canisters 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11), and each of the second combustion canisters includes even-numbered combustion canisters (i.e., combustion canisters 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12). Thus, when the crossover valve is in the first position, air flows from combustion canisters 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 to the first manifold 72, and air flows from combustion canisters 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 to the second manifold 74. Therefore, the first sensor assembly 136 monitors the hydrocarbon concentration in the head ends of combustion canisters 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11, and the second sensor assembly 138 monitors the hydrocarbon concentration in the head ends of combustion canisters 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12.

[0037] If the controller 130 determines that a first value of hydrocarbon concentration in the first manifold 72 is greater than the hydrocarbon threshold, the controller 130 can detect a fuel leak in one of the combustion cans 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11. If the controller 130 determines that a second value of hydrocarbon concentration in the second manifold 74 is greater than the hydrocarbon threshold, the controller 130 can detect a fuel leak in one of the combustion cans 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12. Thus, the controller 130 can continuously / substantially monitor the head ends of the combustion cans for fuel leaks (e.g., within the sampling rate range of the sensor assembly / controller).

[0038] In the illustrated embodiment, the controller 130 is configured to selectively control actuators to identify the combustion can head end receiving fuel from a fuel leak. For example, in response to a determination that fuel / hydrocarbons are present in one head end (e.g., a determination that a first or second hydrocarbon concentration is greater than a hydrocarbon threshold), the controller 130 can sequentially instruct each actuator to drive each crossover valve to the other of the first and second positions. Furthermore, in response to recognition of a change in the detection of hydrocarbon concentrations greater than a hydrocarbon threshold between the first and second sensor assemblies, the controller can identify which combustion can head end is receiving fuel from a fuel leak.

[0039] For example, the head end of combustion canister 3 may receive fuel from a fuel leak. Therefore, when the crossover valve is in the first position, the controller 130 can determine that the first value of hydrocarbon concentration in the first manifold 72 is greater than the hydrocarbon threshold. The controller 130 can then sequentially instruct each actuator to drive each crossover valve from the first position to the second position. For example, the controller 130 can direct air from combustion canister 1 to the second manifold 74 and air from combustion canister 2 to the first manifold 72 by instructing the first solenoid 108 to drive the first crossover valve 66 from the first position 68 to the second position 70. Since no fuel is leaking into combustion canister 1 or combustion canister 2, the controller 130 cannot detect any change in the detection of hydrocarbon concentration greater than the hydrocarbon threshold between the first and second sensor assemblies.

[0040] Next, the controller 130 can direct air from the combustion canister 3 to the second manifold 74 and air from the combustion canister 4 to the first manifold 72 by instructing the second solenoid 112 to drive the second crossover valve 76 from the first position 78 to the second position 80. Because fuel is leaking into the combustion canister 3, the controller 130 can recognize a change in the detection of hydrocarbon concentrations greater than the hydrocarbon threshold between the first and second sensor assemblies. For example, the controller 130 can determine that the first value of hydrocarbon concentration in the first manifold 72 is less than the hydrocarbon threshold and the second value of hydrocarbon concentration in the second manifold is greater than the hydrocarbon threshold. Because the airflow from the head end of the combustion canister 3 has switched from inflow into the first manifold 72 to inflow into the second manifold 74 in response to the change in position of the second crossover valve 76, the controller can determine that fuel is leaking into the head end of the combustion canister 3.

[0041] As a further example, to more quickly identify the combustion canister receiving leaked fuel, the controller 130 can sequentially instruct a successive group of actuators to drive their respective crossover valves to the other of the first and second positions in response to a determination that fuel / hydrocarbons are present in one head end (e.g., a determination that a first or second hydrocarbon concentration is greater than a hydrocarbon threshold). Furthermore, the controller can identify which combustion canister head end is receiving fuel from a fuel leak in response to recognition of a change in the detection of hydrocarbon concentrations greater than a hydrocarbon threshold between the first and second sensor assemblies.

[0042] For example, the controller can sequentially instruct a group of two actuators to drive each crossover valve to the other of a first and second position. In response to the recognition of a change in the detection of hydrocarbon concentration greater than the hydrocarbon threshold between the first and second sensor assemblies, the controller can sequentially instruct each actuator in the group to drive each crossover valve to the other of a first and second position. The controller can then identify which combustion can head end is receiving fuel from a fuel leak in response to the recognition of a change in the detection of hydrocarbon concentration greater than the hydrocarbon threshold between the first and second sensor assemblies.

[0043] For example, the head end of combustion canister 3 may receive fuel from a fuel leak. Therefore, when the crossover valve is in the first position, the controller 130 can determine that a first value of hydrocarbon concentration in the first manifold 72 is greater than the hydrocarbon threshold. The controller 130 can then sequentially instruct a group of two actuators to drive each crossover valve from the first position to the second position. For example, the controller 130 can direct air from combustion canister 1 to the second manifold 74 and air from combustion canister 2 to the first manifold 72 by instructing the first solenoid 108 to drive the first crossover valve 66 from the first position 68 to the second position 70. In parallel (for example, simultaneously), the controller 130 can direct air from combustion canister 3 to the second manifold 74 and air from combustion canister 4 to the first manifold 72 by instructing the second solenoid 112 to drive the second crossover valve 76 from the first position 78 to the second position 80. The controller 130 can recognize a change in the detection of hydrocarbon concentration greater than the hydrocarbon threshold between the first and second sensor assemblies, which indicates that a leak has occurred in one of the combustion canisters 1-4.

[0044] For example, after changing the valve position, the controller 130 can determine that a first value of hydrocarbon concentration in the first manifold 72 is less than the hydrocarbon threshold, and a second value of hydrocarbon concentration in the second manifold is greater than the hydrocarbon threshold. Such values ​​indicate that a leak is occurring in combustion canister 1 and / or combustion canister 3. The controller 130 can then sequentially instruct the first and second actuators 108 and 112, respectively, to drive their respective crossover valves 66 and 76 to the other of the first and second positions, as described above, to facilitate the identification of which combustion canister head end is receiving fuel from the fuel leak. Controlling the actuators in groups initially can shorten the duration of the identification process.

[0045] While a group consisting of two actuators / crossover valves is disclosed above, in other embodiments, each group may include further actuators / crossover valves. For example, in a particular embodiment, each group may include three, four, five, or six or more actuators / crossover valves (depending on, for example, the number of combustion canisters). Furthermore, in a particular embodiment, the controller 130 may sequentially instruct a successive group of actuators to drive each crossover valve to the other of the first and second positions. In response to the recognition of a change in the detection of hydrocarbon concentration greater than the hydrocarbon threshold between the first and second sensor assemblies, the controller 130 may sequentially instruct a subgroup of actuators to drive each crossover valve to the other of the first and second positions. Next, in response to the recognition of a change in the hydrocarbon concentration detection between the first and second sensor assemblies that exceeds the hydrocarbon threshold, the controller sequentially instructs each actuator in the subgroup to drive its respective crossover valve to the other of the first and second positions, thereby facilitating the identification of which combustion can head end is receiving fuel from a fuel leak.

[0046] In the illustrated embodiment, two sensor assemblies 136 and 138 are used to identify the head end 17 receiving leaked fuel. Thus, the cost of the gas turbine system 10 can be reduced compared to a gas turbine system that utilizes a fluid monitoring system including one sensor assembly for each combustion canister. Furthermore, because the sensor assemblies 136 and 138 continuously / substantially continuously monitor the head end 17 of the combustion canister 15 with respect to fuel, fuel leaks in the gas turbine system 10 can be detected almost immediately compared to a fluid monitoring system that periodically directs air from each canister to just one sensor assembly.

[0047] Furthermore, the two sensor assemblies 136 and 138 provide redundancy in the fluid monitoring system compared to a single sensor assembly configuration. For example, in response to a failure of one sensor assembly, the controller can periodically circulate each crossover valve between a first and a second position, enabling the operating sensor assembly to detect fuel leaks to the head ends of each combustion canister. Moreover, since air flows from the head ends of each combustion canister to the manifold regardless of the position of the crossover valves, the controller can detect fuel leaks to the head ends of each combustion canister even if one or more crossover valves become fixed in the first or second position (e.g., due to a failure of their respective actuators). Furthermore, since the same number of combustion canisters are fluidically coupled to each manifold regardless of the position of each crossover valve, the flow rate of fluid through each manifold can be kept substantially constant during the operation of the gas turbine system, thus improving the accuracy of the sensor assemblies.

[0048] The fluid monitoring system includes six crossover valves in the illustrated embodiment, but in other embodiments, the fluid monitoring system may include more or fewer crossover valves (e.g., four, eight, ten, twelve, fourteen, sixteen, eighteen, twenty, etc.). For example, in a particular embodiment, the number of crossover valves may be half the number of combustion cans. Furthermore, each crossover valve is a two-position four-way crossover valve in the illustrated embodiment, but in other embodiments, at least one crossover valve may have additional positions (e.g., three, four, five, etc.) and / or additional fluid connections (e.g., six, eight, ten, etc.). For example, at least one crossover valve may have three positions (e.g., when the crossover valve is in the third position, the crossover valve is configured to block the flow through the crossover valve). Furthermore, in certain embodiments, at least one crossover valve may be an eight-way crossover valve (for example, configured to fluidly couple to four combustion canisters and simultaneously change the direction of the output of each combustion canister in a single transition / movement).

[0049] Each sensor assembly 136, 138 may include one or more sensors (e.g., two, three, four, five, or six or more). For example, in a particular embodiment, at least one sensor assembly may include multiple hydrocarbon sensors (e.g., to provide redundant hydrocarbon concentration detection). Furthermore, while each sensor assembly 136, 138 in the illustrated embodiment is configured to detect hydrocarbon concentration, in other embodiments, at least one sensor assembly may be configured to detect one or more other properties and / or additional properties of air (e.g., alone or in combination with hydrocarbon concentration). For example, at least one sensor assembly 136, 138 may include one or more sensors configured to detect hydrocarbon concentration, air temperature, air flow rate, concentration of particulate matter in the air, concentration of other chemicals in the air, one or more other suitable properties of air, or a combination thereof (e.g., including multiple sensors for detecting the same property).

[0050] Furthermore, the fluid flowing through the manifold and monitored by the sensor assembly includes air (e.g., mostly air, possibly containing small amounts of hydrocarbons) in the illustrated embodiment, but in other embodiments, the fluid may include any other suitable type of fluid, such as liquids (e.g., water, liquid fuels, etc.) and / or one or more gases (e.g., gaseous fuels, combustion gases, etc.).

[0051] Furthermore, while the fluid monitoring system 38 is used to monitor air in the head end of the combustion chamber in the illustrated embodiment, in other embodiments, the fluid monitoring system 38 may be used to monitor fluids from any other suitable fluid source, such as monitoring water quality from multiple water sources, monitoring fuel quality from multiple fuel sources, or monitoring chemicals from multiple chemical sources for various elements / compounds, among other suitable applications.

[0052] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a fluid monitoring system 140 that can be fluidly coupled to the combustion chamber 14 of Figure 2 and includes three manifolds and three corresponding sensor assemblies. As shown in the figure, a first crossover valve 66 is fluidly coupled to a first fluid passage 42 and a second fluid passage 44. When the first crossover valve 66 is in the first position 68, the first crossover valve 66 establishes a fluid connection between the first fluid passage 42 and the first manifold 72, and the first crossover valve 66 establishes a fluid connection between the second fluid passage 44 and the second manifold 74. Furthermore, when the first crossover valve 66 is in the second position 70, the first crossover valve 66 establishes a fluid connection between the first fluid passage 42 and the second manifold 74, and the first crossover valve 66 establishes a fluid connection between the second fluid passage 44 and the first manifold 72. Therefore, the first crossover valve 66 is configured to direct air from the combustion canister 1 (e.g., each first fluid source, each first combustion canister) to the first manifold 72 and air from the combustion canister 2 (e.g., each second fluid source, each second combustion canister) to the second manifold 74 when the first crossover valve 66 is in the first position 68, and to direct air from the combustion canister 1 to the second manifold 74 and air from the combustion canister 2 to the first manifold 72 when the first crossover valve 66 is in the second position 70.

[0053] Furthermore, the second crossover valve 76 is fluidically coupled to the third fluid passage 46 and the fourth fluid passage 48. When the second crossover valve 76 is in the first position 78, it establishes a fluid connection between the third fluid passage 46 and the third manifold 142, and it establishes a fluid connection between the fourth fluid passage 48 and the second manifold 74. Furthermore, when the second crossover valve 76 is in the second position 80, it establishes a fluid connection between the third fluid passage 46 and the second manifold 74, and it establishes a fluid connection between the fourth fluid passage 48 and the third manifold 142. Therefore, the second crossover valve 76 is configured to direct air from the combustion canisters 3 (e.g., each first fluid source, each first combustion canister) to the third manifold 142 and air from the combustion canisters 4 (e.g., each second fluid source, each second combustion canister) to the second manifold 74 when the second crossover valve 76 is in the first position 78, and to direct air from the combustion canisters 3 to the second manifold 74 and air from the combustion canisters 4 to the third manifold 142 when the second crossover valve 76 is in the second position 80.

[0054] Furthermore, the third crossover valve 82 is fluidically coupled to the fifth fluid passage 50 and the sixth fluid passage 52. When the third crossover valve 82 is in the first position 84, it establishes a fluid connection between the fifth fluid passage 50 and the first manifold 72, and it establishes a fluid connection between the sixth fluid passage 52 and the third manifold 142. Furthermore, when the third crossover valve 82 is in the second position 86, it establishes a fluid connection between the fifth fluid passage 50 and the third manifold 142, and it establishes a fluid connection between the sixth fluid passage 52 and the first manifold 72. Therefore, the third crossover valve 82 is configured to direct air from the combustion canisters 5 (e.g., each first fluid source, each first combustion canister) to the first manifold 72 and air from the combustion canisters 6 (e.g., each second fluid source, each second combustion canister) to the third manifold 142 when the third crossover valve 82 is in the first position 84, and to direct air from the combustion canisters 5 to the third manifold 142 and air from the combustion canisters 6 to the first manifold 72 when the third crossover valve 82 is in the second position 86.

[0055] The fourth crossover valve 88 is fluidically coupled to the seventh fluid passage 54 and the eighth fluid passage 56. When the fourth crossover valve 88 is in the first position 90, it establishes a fluid connection between the seventh fluid passage 54 and the first manifold 72, and it establishes a fluid connection between the eighth fluid passage 56 and the second manifold 74. Furthermore, when the fourth crossover valve 88 is in the second position 92, it establishes a fluid connection between the seventh fluid passage 54 and the second manifold 74, and it establishes a fluid connection between the eighth fluid passage 56 and the first manifold 72. Therefore, the fourth crossover valve 88 is configured to direct air from the combustion canisters 7 (e.g., each first fluid source, each first combustion canister) to the first manifold 72 and air from the combustion canisters 8 (e.g., each second fluid source, each second combustion canister) to the second manifold 74 when the fourth crossover valve 88 is in the first position 90, and to direct air from the combustion canisters 7 to the second manifold 74 and air from the combustion canisters 8 to the first manifold 72 when the fourth crossover valve 88 is in the second position 92.

[0056] Furthermore, the fifth crossover valve 94 is fluidically coupled to the ninth fluid passage 58 and the tenth fluid passage 60. When the fifth crossover valve 94 is in the first position 96, it establishes a fluid connection between the ninth fluid passage 58 and the third manifold 142, and it establishes a fluid connection between the tenth fluid passage 60 and the second manifold 74. Furthermore, when the fifth crossover valve 94 is in the second position 98, it establishes a fluid connection between the ninth fluid passage 58 and the second manifold 74, and it establishes a fluid connection between the tenth fluid passage 60 and the third manifold 142. Therefore, the fifth crossover valve 94 is configured to direct air from the combustion canisters 9 (e.g., each first fluid source, each first combustion canister) to the third manifold 142 and air from the combustion canisters 10 (e.g., each second fluid source, each second combustion canister) to the second manifold 74 when the fifth crossover valve 94 is in the first position 96, and to direct air from the combustion canisters 9 to the second manifold 74 and air from the combustion canisters 10 to the third manifold 142 when the fifth crossover valve 94 is in the second position 98.

[0057] Furthermore, the sixth crossover valve 100 is fluidically coupled to the eleventh fluid passage 62 and the twelfth fluid passage 64. When the sixth crossover valve 100 is in the first position 102, it establishes a fluid connection between the eleventh fluid passage 62 and the first manifold 72, and it establishes a fluid connection between the twelfth fluid passage 64 and the third manifold 142. Furthermore, when the sixth crossover valve 100 is in the second position 104, it establishes a fluid connection between the eleventh fluid passage 62 and the third manifold 142, and it establishes a fluid connection between the twelfth fluid passage 64 and the first manifold 72. Therefore, the sixth crossover valve 100 is configured such that when the sixth crossover valve 100 is in the first position 102, it directs air from the combustion canisters 11 (e.g., each first fluid source, each first combustion canister) to the first manifold 72 and air from the combustion canisters 12 (e.g., each second fluid source, each second combustion canister) to the third manifold 142, and when the sixth crossover valve 100 is in the second position 104, it directs air from the combustion canisters 11 to the third manifold 142 and air from the combustion canisters 12 to the first manifold 72.

[0058] In the illustrated embodiment, the third manifold 142 is fluidically coupled to the third sensor assembly 144. The third sensor assembly 144 is configured to output a signal indicating at least one fluid characteristic of the fluid. As already mentioned, in certain embodiments, the at least one fluid characteristic includes the concentration of hydrocarbons in the fluid (e.g., air received from the head end of the combustion chamber). As shown, the controller 130 is communicably connected to the third sensor assembly 144. The controller is configured to determine a first value of at least one fluid characteristic (e.g., hydrocarbon concentration) of a fluid (e.g., air) flowing through a first manifold 72 based on feedback from a first sensor assembly 136; the controller is configured to determine a second value of at least one fluid characteristic (e.g., hydrocarbon concentration) of a fluid (e.g., air) flowing through a second manifold 74 based on feedback from a second sensor assembly 138; and the controller is configured to determine a third value of at least one fluid characteristic (e.g., hydrocarbon concentration) of a fluid (e.g., air) flowing through a third manifold 142 based on feedback from a third sensor assembly 144. Furthermore, the controller is configured to compare each value of the at least one fluid characteristic (e.g., hydrocarbon concentration) with a threshold value to determine whether the value of the at least one fluid characteristic exceeds the threshold value.

[0059] For example, during the operation of the gas turbine system, the controller 130 can detect fuel leaks to the head end of the combustion canisters. For example, when the first set of crossover valves (e.g., the first crossover valve 66 and the fourth crossover valve 88) are in the first position, air flows from each first combustion canister through the first manifold 72 to the first sensor assembly 136, and air flows from each second combustion canister through the second manifold 74 to the second sensor assembly 138. In the illustrated embodiment, each first combustion canister includes combustion canisters 1 and 7, and each second combustion canister includes combustion canisters 2 and 8. Furthermore, when the second set of crossover valves (e.g., the second crossover valve 76 and the fifth crossover valve 94) is in the first position, air flows from each first combustion canister through the third manifold 142 to the third sensor assembly 144, and air flows from each second combustion canister through the second manifold 74 to the second sensor assembly 138. In the illustrated embodiment, each first combustion canister includes combustion canisters 3 and 9, and each second combustion canister includes combustion canisters 4 and 10. Furthermore, when the third set of crossover valves (e.g., the third crossover valve 82 and the sixth crossover valve 100) is in the first position, air flows from each first combustion canister through the first manifold 72 to the first sensor assembly 136, and air flows from each second combustion canister through the third manifold 142 to the third sensor assembly 144. In the illustrated embodiment, each first combustion chamber includes combustion chambers 5 and 11, and each second combustion chamber includes combustion chambers 6 and 12.

[0060] Therefore, when the crossover valve is in the first position, air flows from combustion canisters 1, 5, 7, and 11 to the first manifold 72, air flows from combustion canisters 2, 4, 8, and 10 to the second manifold 74, and air flows from combustion canisters 3, 6, 9, and 12 to the third manifold 142. Thus, the first sensor assembly 136 monitors the hydrocarbon concentration in the head ends of combustion canisters 1, 5, 7, and 11, the second sensor assembly 138 monitors the hydrocarbon concentration in the head ends of combustion canisters 2, 4, 8, and 10, and the third sensor assembly 144 monitors the hydrocarbon concentration in the head ends of combustion canisters 3, 6, 9, and 12. If the controller 130 determines that the first value of the hydrocarbon concentration in the first manifold 72 is greater than the hydrocarbon threshold, the controller 130 can detect a fuel leak in one of the combustion canisters 1, 5, 7, and 11. If the controller 130 determines that a second value of hydrocarbon concentration in the second manifold 74 is greater than the hydrocarbon threshold, the controller 130 can detect a fuel leak in one of the combustion canisters 2, 4, 8, and 10. If the controller 130 determines that a third value of hydrocarbon concentration in the third manifold 142 is greater than the hydrocarbon threshold, the controller 130 can detect a fuel leak in one of the combustion canisters 3, 6, 9, and 12. Thus, the controller 130 can continuously / substantially monitor the head ends of the combustion canisters for fuel leaks (e.g., within the sampling rate range of the sensor assembly / controller).

[0061] In the illustrated embodiment, the controller 130 is configured to control actuators to identify the combustion can head end receiving fuel from a fuel leak. For example, in response to a determination that fuel / hydrocarbons are present in one head end (e.g., a determination that a first, second, or third hydrocarbon concentration is greater than a hydrocarbon threshold), the controller 130 can sequentially instruct each actuator to drive each crossover valve to the other of the first and second positions. Furthermore, in response to recognition of changes in the detection of hydrocarbon concentrations greater than the hydrocarbon threshold among the first, second, and third sensor assemblies, the controller can identify which combustion can head end is receiving fuel from a fuel leak.

[0062] For example, the head end of combustion canister 3 may receive fuel from a fuel leak. Therefore, when the crossover valve is in the first position, the controller 130 can determine that the third value of the hydrocarbon concentration in the third manifold 142 is greater than the hydrocarbon threshold. The controller 130 can then sequentially instruct each actuator to drive each crossover valve from the first position to the second position, and can identify which of the combustion canisters 3, 6, 9, or 12, which are combustion canisters coupled to the third manifold 142, has a leak when each crossover valve is in the first position.

[0063] For example, the controller 130 can direct air from combustion canister 1 to the second manifold 74 and air from combustion canister 2 to the first manifold 72 by instructing the first solenoid 108 to drive the first crossover valve 66 from a first position 68 to a second position 70. In this example, since no fuel is leaking into combustion canister 1 or combustion canister 2, the controller 130 cannot detect any change in the hydrocarbon concentration detection between the first and second sensor assemblies that exceeds the hydrocarbon threshold.

[0064] Next, the controller 130 can direct air from the combustion canister 3 to the second manifold 74 and air from the combustion canister 4 to the third manifold 142 by instructing the second solenoid 112 to drive the second crossover valve 76 from the first position 78 to the second position 80. Because fuel is leaking into the combustion canister 3, the controller 130 can recognize changes in the detection of hydrocarbon concentrations greater than the hydrocarbon threshold among the first, second, and third sensor assemblies. Specifically, after driving the second crossover valve 76 to the second position 80, the controller 130 can determine that the third value of the hydrocarbon concentration in the third manifold 142 is less than the hydrocarbon threshold and the second value of the hydrocarbon concentration in the second manifold 74 is greater than the hydrocarbon threshold. Because the airflow from the head end of the combustion canister 3 switches from flowing into the third manifold 142 to flowing into the second manifold 74 in response to the change in position of the second crossover valve 76, the controller can determine that fuel is leaking into the combustion canister 3.

[0065] Furthermore, in certain embodiments, the controller 130 can sequentially transition only the actuators coupled to the crossover valves fluidly coupled to the sensor assembly that detects a hydrocarbon concentration greater than the hydrocarbon threshold. For example, the head end of the combustion chamber 3 may receive fuel from a fuel leak. Therefore, when the crossover valve is in the first position, the controller 130 can determine that a third value of hydrocarbon concentration in the third manifold 142 is greater than the hydrocarbon threshold. The controller 130 can then sequentially transition each actuator coupled to each crossover valve fluidly coupled to the third manifold 142. For example, the controller 130 can direct air from the combustion chamber 3 to the second manifold 74 and air from the combustion chamber 4 to the third manifold 142 by instructing the second solenoid 112 to drive the second crossover valve 76 from the first position 78 to the second position 80.

[0066] Because fuel is leaking into the combustion canister 3, the controller 130 can recognize a change in the detection of hydrocarbon concentrations greater than the hydrocarbon threshold between the second and third sensor assemblies. For example, the controller 130 can determine that the third value of the hydrocarbon concentration in the third manifold 142 is less than the hydrocarbon threshold, and the second value of the hydrocarbon concentration in the second manifold is greater than the hydrocarbon threshold. Because the airflow from the head end of the combustion canister 3 switches from inflow into the third manifold 142 to inflow into the second manifold 74 in response to the change in position of the second crossover valve 76, the controller 130 can identify that fuel is leaking into the combustion canister 3. As described above, because the controller 130 transitions only the actuator coupled to the crossover valve fluidly coupled to the sensor assembly that detected a hydrocarbon concentration greater than the hydrocarbon threshold, the location of the leak can be identified more quickly than if each valve were transitioned sequentially.

[0067] As a further example, in response to a determination that fuel / hydrocarbons are present in one head end (for example, a determination that a first, second, or third hydrocarbon concentration is greater than a hydrocarbon threshold), the controller 130 can sequentially instruct a successive group of actuators to drive each crossover valve to the other of the first and second positions. Furthermore, in response to recognition of changes in the detection of hydrocarbon concentrations greater than the hydrocarbon threshold among the first, second, and third sensor assemblies 136, 138, and 144, the controller 130 can identify which combustion can head end is receiving fuel from a fuel leak.

[0068] For example, the head end of combustion canister 3 may receive fuel from a fuel leak. Therefore, when the crossover valve is in the first position, the controller 130 can determine that the third value of the hydrocarbon concentration in the third manifold 142 is greater than the hydrocarbon threshold. Next, the controller 130 can sequentially instruct a group of two actuators to drive each crossover valve from the first position to the second position. For example, the controller 130 can direct air from combustion canister 1 to the second manifold 74 and air from combustion canister 2 to the first manifold 72 by instructing the first solenoid 108 to drive the first crossover valve 66 from the first position 68 to the second position 70. Furthermore, the controller 130 can direct air from the combustion chamber 3 to the second manifold 74 and air from the combustion chamber 4 to the third manifold 142 by instructing the second solenoid 112 to drive the second crossover valve 76 from the first position 78 to the second position 80.

[0069] Because fuel is leaking into the combustion canister 3, the controller 130 can recognize a change in the detection of hydrocarbon concentrations greater than the hydrocarbon threshold between the second and third sensor assemblies. For example, the controller 130 can determine that the third value of the hydrocarbon concentration in the third manifold 142 is less than the hydrocarbon threshold, and the second value of the hydrocarbon concentration in the second manifold 74 is greater than the hydrocarbon threshold. Since the change in the detection of hydrocarbon concentrations greater than the hydrocarbon threshold occurs between the second and third sensor assemblies compared to the first and second sensor assemblies, the controller 130 can recognize that fuel is leaking into the combustion canister 3 or 4. Furthermore, since the detection of hydrocarbon concentrations greater than the hydrocarbon threshold changes from the third sensor assembly 144 to the second sensor assembly 138 in response to the transition of the second crossover valve 76 to the second position 80, the controller can recognize that fuel is leaking into the combustion canister 3. The controller can pinpoint the location of the fuel leak among the four combustion chambers with just a single transition of two valves, thus allowing for faster leak location identification than sequentially transitioning each valve, as described above.

[0070] While a group consisting of two actuators / crossover valves is disclosed above, in other embodiments, each group may include further actuators / crossover valves. For example, in a particular embodiment, each group may include three, four, five, or six or more actuators / crossover valves. Furthermore, in a particular embodiment, the controller 130 can sequentially instruct a contiguous group of actuators to drive each crossover valve to the other of the first and second positions. In response to the recognition of a change in the detection of hydrocarbon concentrations greater than the hydrocarbon threshold among the first, second, and third sensor assemblies, the controller 130 can facilitate the identification of which combustion can head end is receiving fuel from a fuel leak by sequentially instructing individual actuators in the group to drive each crossover valve to the other of the first and second positions. Furthermore, in a particular embodiment, the controller 130 can sequentially instruct a contiguous group of actuators to drive each crossover valve to the other of the first and second positions. In response to the recognition of a change in the detection of hydrocarbon concentrations greater than the hydrocarbon threshold among the first, second, and third sensor assemblies, the controller 130 can sequentially instruct subgroups of actuators to drive their respective crossover valves to the other of the first and second positions. Subsequently, in response to the recognition of a change in the detection of hydrocarbon concentrations greater than the hydrocarbon threshold among the first, second, and third sensor assemblies, the controller 130 can sequentially instruct each actuator within the subgroup to drive their respective crossover valves to the other of the first and second positions, thereby facilitating the identification of which combustion can head end is receiving fuel from a fuel leak.

[0071] In the illustrated embodiment, three sensor assemblies 136, 138, and 144 are used to identify the head end receiving fuel. Therefore, the cost of the gas turbine system can be reduced compared to a gas turbine system utilizing a fluid monitoring system that includes one sensor assembly for each combustion chamber. Furthermore, because the sensor assemblies continuously / substantially monitor the combustion chamber head ends with respect to fuel, fuel leaks in the gas turbine system can be detected almost immediately compared to a fluid monitoring system that periodically directs air from each combustion chamber to a single sensor assembly.

[0072] Furthermore, the three sensor assemblies 136, 138, and 144 provide redundancy in the fluid monitoring system compared to a single sensor assembly configuration. For example, in response to a failure of one sensor assembly, the controller 130 can periodically circulate each crossover valve, which is fluidically coupled to the inactive sensor assembly, between a first and a second position, allowing the two active sensor assemblies to detect fuel leaks to the head ends of each combustion canister. Moreover, because air flows from the head ends of each combustion canister to the manifold regardless of the position of the crossover valves, the controller 130 can detect fuel leaks to the head ends of each combustion canister even if one or more crossover valves become fixed in the first or second position (for example, due to a failure of their respective actuators). Furthermore, because the same number of combustion canisters are fluidically coupled to each manifold regardless of the position of each crossover valve, the flow rate of fluid through each manifold can be kept substantially constant during the operation of the gas turbine system, thus improving the accuracy of the sensor assemblies.

[0073] The fluid monitoring system includes six crossover valves in the illustrated embodiment, but in other embodiments, the fluid monitoring system may include more or fewer crossover valves (e.g., four, eight, ten, twelve, fourteen, sixteen, eighteen, twenty, etc.). For example, in a particular embodiment, the number of crossover valves may be half the number of combustion cans. Furthermore, each crossover valve is a two-position four-way crossover valve in the illustrated embodiment, but in other embodiments, at least one crossover valve may have additional positions (e.g., three, four, five, etc.) and / or additional fluid connections (e.g., six, eight, ten, etc.). For example, at least one crossover valve may have three positions (e.g., when the crossover valve is in the third position, the crossover valve is configured to block the flow through the crossover valve). Furthermore, in certain embodiments, at least one crossover valve may be an eight-way crossover valve (for example, configured to fluidly couple to four combustion canisters and simultaneously change the direction of the output of each combustion canister in a single transition / movement).

[0074] In addition, in the illustrated embodiment, the first and fourth crossover valves 66, 88 are fluidically coupled to the first and second manifolds 72, 74, the second and fifth crossover valves 76, 94 are fluidically coupled to the second and third manifolds 74, 142, and the third and sixth crossover valves 82, 100 are fluidically coupled to the first and third manifolds 72, 142. However, in other embodiments, the fluid monitoring system 140 may have a different configuration for the fluid coupling between the crossover valves and the three manifolds. Furthermore, although the fluid monitoring system 140 includes three manifolds in the illustrated embodiment, in other embodiments, the fluid monitoring system 140 may include more or fewer manifolds (e.g., two, four, five, or six or more). For example, in a particular embodiment, the fluid monitoring system may be configured to monitor the head ends of 16 combustion canisters. In such an embodiment, the fluid monitoring system may include eight crossover valves and four manifolds, and the fluid connections between the crossover valves and manifolds may be configured such that each manifold receives air from the four combustion canisters regardless of the position of the crossover valves.

[0075] Each sensor assembly 136, 138, 144 may include one or more sensors (e.g., two, three, four, five, or six or more). For example, in certain embodiments, at least one sensor assembly may include multiple hydrocarbon sensors (e.g., to provide redundant hydrocarbon concentration detection). In addition, while each sensor assembly 136, 138, 144 is configured to detect hydrocarbon concentration in the illustrated embodiments, in other embodiments, at least one sensor assembly may be configured to detect one or more other properties and / or additional properties of air (e.g., alone or in combination with hydrocarbon concentration). For example, at least one sensor assembly may include one or more sensors configured to detect hydrocarbon concentration, air temperature, air flow rate, concentration of particulate matter in the air, concentration of other chemicals in the air, one or more other suitable properties of air, or a combination thereof (e.g., including multiple sensors for detecting the same property). Furthermore, the fluid flowing through the manifold and monitored by the sensor assembly includes air (e.g., mostly air, possibly containing small amounts of hydrocarbons) in the illustrated embodiment, but in other embodiments, the fluid may include any other suitable type of fluid, such as liquids (e.g., water, liquid fuel, etc.) and / or one or more gases (e.g., gaseous fuel, combustion gas, etc.). In addition, while the fluid monitoring system 140 is used to monitor air in the head end of the combustion canister in the illustrated embodiment, in other embodiments, the fluid monitoring system 140 may be used to monitor fluids from any other suitable fluid sources, such as monitoring water quality from multiple water sources, monitoring fuel quality from multiple fuel sources, monitoring chemicals from multiple chemical sources for various elements / compounds, among other suitable applications.

[0076] Furthermore, although the crossover valves are represented as separate elements in the schematic diagrams of Figures 3 and 4, in certain embodiments, at least two crossover valves can be arranged in a common housing to form a valve assembly. For example, a single valve assembly may include a housing, and each crossover valve may be located within the housing. Furthermore, in certain embodiments, one or more crossover valves may be separate elements (e.g., each having its own housing). Furthermore, in certain embodiments, at least one crossover valve in the fluid monitoring system of Figure 3 and / or the fluid monitoring system of Figure 4 is configured to split the airflow between manifolds fluidly coupled to the crossover valve when the crossover valve is in an intermediate position. Thus, as the crossover valve transitions between positions, the airflow transitions continuously / substantially continuously between manifolds fluidly coupled to the crossover valve.

[0077] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a rotary crossover valve 146 that can be used in the fluid monitoring system of Figure 3 and / or the fluid monitoring system of Figure 4. In the illustrated embodiment, the rotary crossover valve 146 includes a first fluid passage 148 and a second fluid passage 150. When the rotary crossover valve 146 is in the illustrated first position, the first fluid passage 148 fluidly connects a first inlet 152 (e.g., fluidically connected to each first combustion canister) to a first outlet 154 (e.g., fluidically connected to a first manifold). Furthermore, when the rotary crossover valve 146 is in the illustrated first position, the second fluid passage 150 fluidly connects a second inlet 156 (e.g., fluidically connected to each second combustion canister) to a second outlet 158 ​​(e.g., fluidically connected to a second manifold). As shown in the figure, the first fluid passage 148 and the second fluid passage 150 extend through the rotor 160 of the rotary crossover valve 146.

[0078] When the rotor 160 is rotated by an angle of 90 degrees in a first rotation direction 162 (for example, counterclockwise), the first fluid passage 148 fluidly connects the first inlet 152 to the second outlet 158 ​​(for example, establishing a fluid connection between each first combustion canister and the second manifold), and the second fluid passage 150 fluidly connects the second inlet 156 to the first outlet 154 (for example, establishing a fluid connection between each second combustion canister and the first manifold). Furthermore, rotating the rotor 160 by 90 degrees in a second rotational direction 164 (e.g., clockwise) causes the first fluid passage 148 to fluidly connect the second inlet 156 to the first outlet 154 (e.g., establishing a fluid connection between each second combustion canister and the first manifold), and the second fluid passage 150 to fluidly connect the first inlet 152 to the second outlet 158 ​​(e.g., establishing a fluid connection between each first combustion canister and the second manifold). Thus, the rotor 160 can be rotated in either rotational direction to move the rotary crossover valve 146 to the second position. The illustrated rotary crossover valve can be used in any or all of the crossover valves in the fluid monitoring system 38 in Figure 3 and / or the fluid monitoring system 140 in Figure 4. Furthermore, in certain embodiments, multiple rotary crossover valves can be arranged in a housing (e.g., a cylindrical housing) to form a crossover valve assembly.

[0079] Figure 6 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of method 166 for monitoring fluid. First, a determination is made as shown by block 168 as to whether the value of at least one fluid characteristic (e.g., hydrocarbon concentration) is greater than a threshold (e.g., hydrocarbon threshold). In response to the determination that the value of at least one fluid characteristic is greater than a threshold, a plurality of actuators are controlled as shown by block 170 to identify which fluid source has a fluid with a value of at least one fluid characteristic greater than a threshold. As already described, each actuator is configured to drive its respective crossover valve between a first position and a second position. Furthermore, each crossover valve is configured such that, when the crossover valve is in the first position, it directs fluid (e.g., air) from each first fluid source (e.g., combustion canister) to the first manifold and fluid from each second fluid source (e.g., combustion canister) to the second manifold, and when the crossover valve is in the second position, it directs fluid from each first fluid source to the second manifold and fluid from each second fluid source to the first manifold. Furthermore, the first manifold is configured to receive fluid and direct the fluid to the first sensor assembly, and the second manifold is configured to receive fluid and direct the fluid to the second sensor assembly.

[0080] In a particular embodiment, the control of the actuators for identifying which fluid source has a fluid having a fluid value greater than a threshold includes sequentially instructing each actuator to drive its respective crossover valve to the other of a first and second position, as represented by block 172. Fluid sources having a fluid having a fluid having a fluid value greater than a threshold are identified in response to the recognition of a change in the detection of a fluid value greater than a threshold between the first and second sensor assemblies, as represented by block 174. Alternatively, or in addition to the above, in a particular embodiment, the control of the actuators for identifying which fluid source has a fluid having a fluid having a fluid value greater than a threshold includes sequentially instructing a successive group of actuators to drive their respective crossover valves to the other of a first and second position, as represented by block 176. A fluid source having a fluid having at least one fluid characteristic value greater than a threshold is identified in response to the recognition of a change in the detection of at least one fluid characteristic value greater than a threshold between the first and second sensor assemblies, as represented by block 178.

[0081] The steps of Method 166 may be performed in the order disclosed herein or in any other suitable order. Furthermore, in certain embodiments, Method 166 is performed by the controller 130 of the fluid monitoring systems 38, 140. However, in other embodiments, Method 166 may be performed by any other suitable controller, such as the controller of a gas turbine system.

[0082] This specification discloses the subject matter, including in best mode, using examples, and enables those skilled in the art to carry out the subject matter of this disclosure, including the manufacture and use of any apparatus or system and the execution of any integrated method. The patentable scope of the subject matter is defined by the claims and may include other examples that a person skilled in the art would conceive. Such other examples shall be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that are not different from the language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements that are substantially different from the language of the claims.

[0083] The technologies presented and claimed herein relate to tangible objects and specific examples of a practical nature that clearly improve the art, and apply to such tangible objects and specific examples; they are not abstract, intangible, or merely theoretical. Furthermore, if any of the claims appended to the end of this specification contain one or more elements designated as “means for performing [a function]” or “steps for performing [a function],” such elements are intended to be interpreted under § 112(f) of the United States Patent Act. However, with respect to claims containing elements designated in any other way, such elements are not intended to be interpreted under § 112(f) of the United States Patent Act. [Explanation of symbols]

[0084] 1 Combustion can 2 combustion cans 3 Combustion cans 4 combustion cans 5 Combustion cans 6 Combustion cans 7 Combustion can 8 combustion cans 9 Combustion cans 10 Combustion canisters, gas turbine systems 11 Combustion cans 12 Combustion canisters, compressors 14 Combustion section 15 Combustion cans 16 Turbine 17 Headend 18 Fuel Nozzle 20 Fuel source 21 Inner wall 22 Pressurized combustion gas 24 shafts 26 Combustion chamber 28 Exhaust outlet 30 load 32 Air intake 34 Pressurized air, compressed air 36 Thermocouples 38 Fluid monitoring system 40 Fluid passage 42 First fluid passage 44 Second fluid passage 46 Third fluid passage 48. Fourth fluid passage 50 Fifth fluid passage 52. Sixth fluid passage 54. The seventh fluid passage 56. Eighth fluid passage 58. The ninth fluid passage 60 Tenth fluid passage 62 Eleventh fluid passage 64. The twelfth fluid passage 66. First crossover valve 68. First position 70 Second position 72 First Manifold 74 Second Manifold 76. Second crossover valve 78 First Position 80 Second position 82 Third crossover valve 84 First position 86 Second position 88. Fourth crossover valve 90 First position 92 Second position 94. Fifth crossover valve 96 First position 98 Second position 100 Sixth Crossover Valve 102 First position 104 Second position 106 First biasing element 108 First solenoid, first actuator 110 Second biasing element 112 Second solenoid, second actuator 114 The third biasing element 116 The third solenoid 118 The fourth biasing element 120 The fourth solenoid 122 The fifth biasing element 124 The fifth solenoid 126 The sixth biasing element 128 The sixth solenoid 130 Controllers 132 microprocessors 134 memory devices 136 First Sensor Assembly 138 Second Sensor Assembly 140 Fluid Monitoring Systems 142 Third Manifold 144 Third Sensor Assembly 146 Rotary Crossover Valve 148 First fluid passage 150 Second fluid passage 152 First Entrance 154 First Exit 156 Second Entrance 158 Second Exit 160 rotors 162 First direction of rotation 164 Second rotation method

Claims

1. A fluid monitoring system (38, 140), wherein the fluid monitoring system (38, 140) A first sensor assembly (136) configured to detect at least one fluid property of the fluid, A second sensor assembly (138) configured to detect at least one fluid characteristic of the fluid, A first manifold (72) is configured to receive the fluid and guide the fluid to a first sensor assembly (136), A second manifold (74) configured to receive the fluid and guide the fluid to a second sensor assembly (138), A plurality of crossover valves, each of which is configured such that when the crossover valve is in a first position, it guides the fluid from its respective first fluid source to a first manifold (72) and the fluid from its respective second fluid source to a second manifold (74), and when the crossover valve is in a second position, it guides the fluid from its respective first fluid source to a second manifold (74) and the fluid from its respective second fluid source to a first manifold (72), and A plurality of actuators, each of which is configured to drive each of a plurality of crossover valves between a first position and a second position, A controller (130) comprising memory (134) and a processor (132) The controller (130) is connected to the plurality of actuators, the first sensor assembly (136), and the second sensor assembly (138) in a manner that enables communication between them. The controller (130) In response to a determination that the value of at least one fluid characteristic is greater than the threshold, the system is configured to control a plurality of actuators to identify which fluid source has a fluid having the value of at least one fluid characteristic greater than the threshold. A fluid monitoring system (38, 140) wherein the at least one fluid characteristic includes the concentration of hydrocarbons in the fluid.

2. The fluid monitoring system according to claim 1 (38, 140), wherein at least one of the plurality of crossover valves includes a rotary crossover valve.

3. The fluid monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of crossover valves includes a four-way crossover valve (38, 140).

4. The controller (130) Each of the plurality of actuators is sequentially instructed to drive each of the plurality of crossover valves to the other of the first and second positions. In response to the recognition of a change in the detection of the value of at least one fluid characteristic greater than the threshold between the first and second sensor assemblies (136, 138), it is determined which fluid source has a fluid having the value of at least one fluid characteristic greater than the threshold. The fluid monitoring system according to claim 1 (38, 140), configured to control the plurality of actuators to identify which fluid source has a fluid having a value of at least one fluid characteristic greater than the threshold.

5. The controller (130) To a continuous group of actuators among the plurality of actuators, each of the plurality of crossover valves is sequentially instructed to be driven to the other of the first and second positions. In response to the recognition of a change in the detection of the value of at least one fluid characteristic greater than the threshold between the first and second sensor assemblies (136, 138), it is determined which fluid source has a fluid having the value of at least one fluid characteristic greater than the threshold. The fluid monitoring system according to claim 1 (38, 140), configured to control the plurality of actuators to identify which fluid source has a fluid having a value of at least one fluid characteristic greater than the threshold.

6. A method for monitoring a fluid, wherein the method is A controller (130) having memory (134) and processor (132) determines that the value of at least one fluid characteristic of a fluid is greater than a threshold, wherein the at least one fluid characteristic includes the concentration of hydrocarbons in the fluid. In response to the determination that the value of at least one fluid characteristic is greater than the threshold, the controller (130) controls a plurality of actuators to identify which fluid source has a fluid having the value of at least one fluid characteristic greater than the threshold. It includes, Each of the plurality of actuators is configured to drive each of the plurality of crossover valves between a first position and a second position. Each of the plurality of crossover valves is configured such that, when the crossover valve is in the first position, it directs fluid from each first fluid source to the first manifold (72) and fluid from each second fluid source to the second manifold (74), and when the crossover valve is in the second position, it directs fluid from each first fluid source to the second manifold (74) and fluid from each second fluid source to the first manifold (72). A method comprising a first manifold (72) configured to receive fluid and guide the fluid to a first sensor assembly (136), and a second manifold (74) configured to receive fluid and guide the fluid to a second sensor assembly (138).

7. The step of controlling the plurality of actuators in order to identify which fluid source has a fluid having a value of at least one fluid characteristic greater than the threshold is: The controller (130) sequentially instructs each of the plurality of actuators to drive each of the plurality of crossover valves to the other of the first position and the second position, The controller (130) takes the step of identifying which fluid source has a fluid having The method according to claim 6, including the method described in claim 6.

8. The step of controlling the plurality of actuators in order to identify which fluid source has a fluid having a value of at least one fluid characteristic greater than the threshold is: The controller (130) sequentially instructs a continuous group of actuators among the plurality of actuators to drive each of the plurality of crossover valves to the other of the first position and the second position, The controller (130) takes the step of identifying which fluid source has a fluid having The method according to claim 6, including the method described in claim 6.

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