Float recovery rate prediction device, float recovery rate prediction method, and program

Abstract

To improve prediction accuracy of a metal collection ratio in flotation of ore in which a plurality of minerals is mixed.SOLUTION: A flotation collection ratio prediction device is for predicting, in froth flotation of separating a selection target metal from an ore in which a plurality of ores containing a plurality of minerals is mixed, a collection ratio of the selection target metal. The flotation collection ratio prediction device includes: an acceptance part configured to accept a desired collection ratio of the selection target metal; an acquisition part configured to acquire information showing a relation between a soluble metal ratio and a mineral content and information showing a mineral content by each ore and the collection ratio of the selection target metal; a calculation part configured to calculate a mixture ratio of the ore according to the information showing a relation between a soluble metal ratio and a mineral content and the information showing a mineral content by each ore and the collection ratio of the selection target metal, so as to achieve a desired collection ratio of the selection target metal; and an output part configured to output information showing the calculated mixture ratio of the ore.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a flotation recovery rate prediction device, a flotation recovery rate prediction method, and a program.

Background Art

[0002] Generally, from the mine to the factory, it includes various treatment processes such as mining, crushing, grinding, flotation, and ore dressing. As a method for optimizing these treatment processes, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a treatment method for online monitoring and optimization of mining and mined material treatment operations.

[0003] There is a method of performing froth flotation (flotation) that separates ore into those containing the metal to be separated and others by utilizing the fact that the mined ore becomes hydrophilic or hydrophobic depending on the set conditions. Specifically, water and chemicals are added to the finely crushed ore, and the valuable metal is attached to the surface of the generated bubbles to recover the metal to be separated.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] The ratio of minerals contained in the mined ore varies, and it is necessary to adjust the flotation conditions. In order to examine the suitability of the flotation conditions in actual operation, there is a desire to predict the metal recovery rate. However, in the conventional technology, depending on the type of minerals contained in the mined ore, there are some with a composition that is difficult to float, so it is difficult to accurately predict the metal recovery rate in flotation for ore in which a plurality of minerals are mixed.

[0006] This invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to improve the accuracy of predicting the metal recovery rate in flotation of ore containing a mixture of multiple minerals. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] To achieve the above objective, the flotation recovery rate prediction device according to one aspect of the present invention includes a plurality types A mixture of multiple ores containing minerals First A flotation separation recovery rate prediction device for predicting the recovery rate of a metal to be separated from ore, comprising a receiving unit that receives a desired recovery rate for the metal to be separated, This is the ratio of the amount of soluble metal to be separated to the total amount of metal to be separated in the ore. Soluble metal ratio Corresponding to the ore contained Mineral content rate Represents First Information, and the mineral content of each ore and Each of the aforementioned ores This represents the recovery rate of the metal to be sorted. Second An acquisition unit that acquires information and the aforementioned First Information and the aforementioned Second Based on the information, to achieve the desired recovery rate of the metal to be sorted. , in the first ore The system includes a calculation unit for calculating the mixing ratio of the ore, and an output unit for outputting information indicating the calculated mixing ratio of the ore. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] This method can improve the accuracy of predicting the recovery rate of metals in flotation of ores containing a mixture of multiple minerals. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0009] [Figure 1] This figure shows an example of the functional configuration of a flotation recovery rate prediction device. [Figure 2] This figure shows an example of information illustrating the relationship between the soluble metal ratio and the mineral content. [Figure 3] This flowchart shows an example of the flow of the flotation recovery rate prediction process. [Figure 4]This is a diagram illustrating the mixing of ores according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] This figure shows an example of a screen display according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] This figure shows an example of a screen display according to the third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] This figure shows an example of the hardware configuration of a flotation recovery rate prediction device. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0010] In metal mines, concentrates containing the target metal are produced by beneficiating the extracted ore, and these concentrates are shipped as raw materials to smelters. In this process, flotation is often used as the production technology for beneficiation. The beneficiation process is then classified into crushing, grinding, flotation, and dewatering. Since the performance of flotation is closely related to the mine's profitability, it is crucial to predict the recovery rate of the target metal by linking the ore grade and mineral information obtained from mining to the beneficiation process.

[0011] Ore dressing is a separation method that utilizes the difference in wettability of mineral surfaces. It involves stirring the ore and liquid suspension while blowing in gases such as air or nitrogen. During this process, factors such as the particle size of the ore, the pH of the suspension, and the addition of chemicals such as capture agents, foaming agents, and other conditioning agents are considered. Generally, the higher the hydrophobicity of the mineral surface, the more air bubbles are adsorbed onto the surface, making it easier for the mineral to float in the suspension. Conversely, the higher the hydrophilicity of the mineral surface, the more difficult it is for the mineral to float in the suspension.

[0012] Ore contains a variety of minerals and is mined in various locations. Furthermore, because ore mined in various locations and containing various minerals is mixed and supplied to the ore dressing process, the proportion of minerals contained in the ore supplied to the ore dressing process changes each time. For this reason, it is difficult to predict the recovery rate through ore dressing processing that takes these changes into account, or to predict the grade of the refined ore.

[0013] Therefore, in the embodiments of the present invention, an example of predicting the flotation recovery rate will be described, taking into account the mining location, ore type, mixing ratio, etc.

[0014] (First Embodiment) Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0015] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of a flotation recovery rate prediction device. The flotation recovery rate prediction device 10 according to the present embodiment includes a reception unit 11, an acquisition unit 12, a calculation unit 13, and an output unit 14.

[0016] The reception unit 11 receives the particle size after pulverization of the ore, the pH value of the solution used in the flotation separation, the ratio of the target metal and the soluble metal ratio in the ore. For example, as shown in Table 1, the reception unit 11 may receive, in a set, the soluble metal ratio of the ore to be subjected to the flotation process, the ratio of the target metal (metal ratio) in the ore to be processed, the particle size of the pulverized ore used in the flotation, and the pH value of the solution during the flotation process. Alternatively, on the premise that values within a predetermined range are used as initial values, only some of the values shown in Table 1 may be received. For example, when continuously processing the same ore, the reception unit 11 may be configured to receive only changes in values such as the particle size and pH when only the pH during processing such as ore pulverization changes.

[0017] [Table 1]

[0018] The acquisition unit 12 acquires information representing the relationship between the soluble metal ratio and the mineral content from the database device 20. The soluble metal ratio is a ratio indicating the amount of soluble metal relative to the total amount of the target metal in each mineral. The mineral content is the ratio of each of the plurality of minerals in the ore. Specific examples of information representing the relationship between the soluble metal ratio and the mineral content will be described later.

[0019] The database device 20 is connected to the flotation recovery rate prediction device 10 via a communication line, communication network, etc. The database device 20 is a storage device that stores information representing the relationship between the soluble metal ratio and the mineral content.

[0020] The calculation unit 13 uses the soluble metal ratios received by the reception unit 11 to calculate the ratios of multiple minerals and the recovery rate of the target metal obtained as a result of flotation separation for each mineral.

[0021] The output unit 14 outputs the ratios of multiple minerals calculated by the calculation unit 13 and the recovery rate of the target metal for each mineral.

[0022] Figure 2 shows an example of information illustrating the relationship between the soluble metal ratio and the mineral content. In Figure 2, the horizontal axis represents the ratio of the amount of soluble metal to the total amount of the metal to be sorted in the ore. The vertical axis in Figure 2 represents the proportion of minerals containing the target metal in the ore, for example, by mass. For example, Graph 901 shows the content of mineral A, Graph 902 shows the content of mineral B, and Graph 903 shows the content of mineral C. According to Figure 2, for example, if the ratio of soluble metal is 40%, the content of mineral A is expected to be approximately 25%, the content of mineral B is approximately 10%, and the content of mineral C is approximately 30%.

[0023] The database device 20 stores information by correlating the soluble metal ratio with the mineral content as a result of analyzing the mined ore.

[0024] Information representing the relationship between soluble metal ratio and mineral content may be, for example, a database of large amounts of data collected from ores produced in various regions, or it may be information selected by the user based on similar mineral types.

[0025] For example, if the metal to be sorted is copper (Cu), the grade of copper and the proportion of soluble copper will differ between primary sulfide ore, which is the primary ore that forms the deposit at the location where the minerals constituting the ore were formed, and secondary sulfide ore, which is oxide ore that has been oxidized by weathering near the surface and then re-formed into sulfide ore. Therefore, by pre-storing information in the database device 20 that represents the relationship between the content of each mineral and the proportion of soluble copper in multiple ores, the mineral content can be predicted.

[0026] Next, the operation of the flotation recovery rate prediction device 10 will be explained with reference to the drawings. The flotation recovery rate prediction device 10 performs flotation recovery rate prediction processing based on user operations, etc.

[0027] Figure 3 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of the flotation recovery rate prediction process. The reception unit 11 receives a flotation recovery rate prediction request (step S101). The acquisition unit 12 acquires information representing the relationship between the soluble metal ratio and the mineral content (step S102).

[0028] The calculation unit 13 calculates the mineral content and the recovery rate of the target metal (step S103). Specifically, the calculation unit 13 may use a flotation rate formula for each mineral species containing the target metal to predict the recovery rate. The flotation rate formula is expressed as the recovery rate of the target metal with respect to the flotation time under predetermined conditions, as shown in formula (1).

[0029] R=R max (1-e kt )···(1)

[0030] Here, R is the recovery rate, R max is the final recovery rate, k is the coefficient, and t is time.

[0031] The constants used in the flotation rate formula are preferably stored in the database device 20 in advance for each mineral species, along with information showing the relationship between the soluble metal ratio and the mineral content, and used as predetermined coefficients. Alternatively, the user may select and use similar information based on the types of similar minerals.

[0032] The output unit 14 outputs the mineral content and the recovery rate of the target metal (step S104). For example, the output unit 14 may output the final recovery rate (e.g., recovery rate of target metal α X%) and a list of mineral content rates of the metals to be sorted, as shown in Table 2.

[0033] [Table 2]

[0034] Since the calculation unit 13 performs calculations based on the flotation rate formula, the output unit 14 may output a list showing the time-dependent changes in mineral content and the recovery rate of the metal to be separated, as shown in Table 3. For example, since some mineral species are difficult to separate by flotation, showing the predicted recovery rate for each mineral species may make it easier for the user to understand whether the conditions for flotation are appropriate.

[0035] [Table 3]

[0036] The metals to be sorted may be multiple metals. In that case, the calculation unit 13 calculates the recovery rate for each of the multiple metals to be sorted.

[0037] The metal to be sorted may be Cu or Mo. The ore to be sorted may also be a sulfide ore containing sulfur and copper.

[0038] The minerals contained in the ore may include one of the following: chalcopyrite, bornite, chalcocite, covellite, atacamite, and native copper (Cu).

[0039] According to the flotation recovery rate prediction device 10 of this embodiment, the recovery rate of the metal to be sorted can be predicted by calculation based on information representing the relationship between the soluble metal ratio and the mineral content. Furthermore, the grade of the recovered metal can be predicted by outputting a list of the mineral content rates in which the metal to be sorted is contained.

[0040] (Second Embodiment) A second embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that it accepts input information indicating the mixing ratio of ores and predicts the recovery rate of the target metal. Therefore, the following description of the second embodiment will focus on the differences from the first embodiment, and components having the same functional configuration as the first embodiment will be given the same reference numerals as those used in the description of the first embodiment, and their explanations will be omitted.

[0041] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating the mixing of ore according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The ore contains various minerals and is mined in various locations. Since ore mined in various locations and containing various minerals is mixed and supplied to the ore dressing process, the proportion of minerals contained in the ore supplied to the ore dressing process changes each time. Therefore, the flotation recovery rate prediction device 10 according to this embodiment receives input information indicating the mixing ratio of the ore and predicts the recovery rate of the target metal. This makes it possible to improve the accuracy of predicting the recovery rate of metal when ore containing various minerals is mixed.

[0042] In step S101 of the flotation recovery rate prediction process shown in Figure 3, the receiving unit 11 in this embodiment receives the particle size after crushing of the ore, the pH value of the solution used in flotation, and the ratio of the target metal and the soluble metal ratio in the ore, similar to the receiving unit 11 in the first embodiment. In addition, the receiving unit 11 in this embodiment further receives information indicating the mixing ratio of the ore as input, as shown in Table 4.

[0043] [Table 4]

[0044] In this embodiment, the calculation unit 13 predicts the mineral content for each ore and calculates the recovery rate of the target metal in step S103 of the flotation recovery rate prediction process shown in Figure 3. Furthermore, it calculates the recovery rate of the target metal based on the mixing ratio of the ore and the ratio of soluble metals. The calculation unit 13 may also calculate the grade of the recovered metal based on the mineral content contained in the ore. Regarding the method of calculating the grade, information showing the correlation between the mineral content and the grade of the metal may be stored in the database device 20, and the acquisition unit 12 may acquire this information so that the calculation unit 13 can calculate the grade.

[0045] In this embodiment, the output unit 14 outputs the calculated metal recovery rate in step S104 of the flotation recovery rate prediction process shown in Figure 3. Here, the output unit 14 may also output the metal quality calculated by the calculation unit 13, as shown in Table 5.

[0046] [Table 5]

[0047] Since the calculation unit 13 performs calculations based on the flotation rate formula for each ore, the output unit 14 may output a list showing the mineral content, the recovery rate of the metal to be sorted, and the grade for each ore, as shown in Table 6. For example, by simultaneously displaying the mineral species, users can more easily understand the differences in recovery rate, grade, etc., depending on the ore. For example, the recovery rate may be poor if mineral X is included.

[0048] [Table 6]

[0049] Figure 5 shows an example of a screen display according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The output unit 14 may display a list on a screen such as a display showing the mineral content, the recovery rate and grade of the metal to be sorted for each ore. Here, if a certain mineral has a content above a predetermined threshold, it may be highlighted as shown in the frame 904. This makes it easier to identify minerals that have a large impact on the recovery rate and to distinguish ores with a high content of those minerals.

[0050] According to the flotation recovery rate prediction device 10 of this embodiment, it can receive input information indicating the mixing ratio of ore and predict the recovery rate of the target metal. Furthermore, it can predict the grade of the metal to be sorted based on the information indicating the mixing ratio of ore.

[0051] (Third embodiment) A third embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. The third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that it accepts an input specifying a desired recovery rate and outputs information indicating the ore mixing ratio required to achieve the specified recovery rate. Therefore, the following description of the third embodiment will focus on the differences from the first embodiment, and components having the same functional configuration as the first embodiment will be given the same reference numerals as those used in the description of the first embodiment, and their descriptions will be omitted.

[0052] The flotation recovery rate prediction device 10 according to this embodiment accepts an input specifying a desired recovery rate and outputs information indicating the ore mixing ratio required to achieve the specified recovery rate. By adjusting the ore mixing ratio, the recovery rate can be controlled, and a stable flotation environment can be realized.

[0053] In this embodiment, the receiving unit 11 receives information indicating the expected recovery rate of the target metal as input during step S101 of the flotation recovery rate prediction process shown in Figure 3, as shown in Table 7. Furthermore, the receiving unit 11 may also receive information indicating the expected quality of the metal as input.

[0054] [Table 7]

[0055] Furthermore, the database device 20 according to this embodiment stores information representing the mineral content, the recovery rate, and the grade of the metals to be sorted for each ore, in addition to the information showing the relationship between the soluble metal ratio and the mineral content according to the first embodiment, as shown in Table 6. For example, this information may be generated in advance by estimating it from the soluble metal ratio of each ore sample, or it may be generated from measurement results using chemical analysis, such as a (polarizing) microscope, X-ray diffractometer, EPMA (Electron Probe Microanalyzer), etc.

[0056] In step S102 of the flotation recovery rate prediction process shown in Figure 3, the acquisition unit 12 according to this embodiment further acquires information representing the mineral content of each ore, the recovery rate of the metal to be sorted, and the grade.

[0057] In step S103 of the flotation recovery rate prediction process shown in Figure 3, the calculation unit 13 according to this embodiment further calculates the mixing ratio of ores required to achieve a specified recovery rate or grade, based on information representing the mineral content of each ore, the recovery rate of the metal to be sorted, and the grade.

[0058] In step S104 of the flotation recovery rate prediction process shown in Figure 3, the output unit 14 according to this embodiment outputs the calculated ore mixing ratio as shown in Table 8.

[0059] [Table 8]

[0060] Furthermore, in step S101 of the flotation recovery rate prediction process shown in Figure 3, the receiving unit 11 according to this embodiment may receive as input information indicating a plurality of desired recovery rates for the target metal, as shown in Table 9.

[0061] [Table 9]

[0062] In this case, the calculation unit 13 according to this embodiment calculates the ore mixing ratio required to achieve a specified recovery rate for each recovery rate, based on information representing the mineral content of each ore, the recovery rate of the metal to be sorted, and the grade, in step S103 of the flotation recovery rate prediction process shown in Figure 3.

[0063] In step S104 of the flotation recovery rate prediction process shown in Figure 3, the output unit 14 of this embodiment may output the ore mixing ratio calculated for each recovery rate, as shown in Table 10.

[0064] [Table 10]

[0065] Furthermore, the output unit 14 may output the mixing ratio of each mineral type of ore, along with the mixing ratio of the ore calculated for each recovery rate, as shown in Table 11.

[0066] [Table 11]

[0067] This allows us to provide users with information to determine whether or not it is easy to adjust the recovery rate.

[0068] Figure 6 shows an example of a screen display according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 6, the reception unit 11 may receive information indicating multiple expected values ​​for the recovery rate of the target metal by accepting interactive input operations from the user in accordance with the screen display.

[0069] (Hardware configuration of the flotation recovery rate prediction device) Next, the hardware configuration of the flotation recovery rate prediction device 10 will be described.

[0070] Figure 7 shows an example of the hardware configuration of a flotation recovery rate prediction device. The flotation recovery rate prediction device 10 is composed of a computer and includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 101, main memory 102, auxiliary memory 103, input device 104, display device 105, communication interface device 106, and drive device 107. These devices are connected by a bus.

[0071] The CPU 101 is the main control unit that controls the operation of the flotation recovery rate prediction device 10, and realizes the various functions described above by reading and executing the program stored in the main memory 102.

[0072] The main memory 102 reads and stores the program from the auxiliary memory 103 when the flotation recovery rate prediction device 10 is started. The auxiliary memory 103 stores the installed program as well as files, data, etc. necessary for the various functions described later.

[0073] The input device 104 is a device for inputting various types of information and can be implemented as, for example, a keyboard or a pointing device. The display device 105 is for displaying various types of information and can be implemented as, for example, a display. The communication interface device 106 includes a LAN card and is used for connecting with other devices.

[0074] The program according to this embodiment is at least a part of various programs that control the flotation recovery rate prediction device 10. The program is provided, for example, by distribution of a storage medium 108 or by downloading from a network. The storage medium 108 on which the program is recorded can be of various types, such as storage media that record information optically, electrically, or magnetically, such as CD-ROMs, flexible disks, and magneto-optical disks, or semiconductor memories that record information electrically, such as ROMs and flash memory.

[0075] Furthermore, when the storage medium 108 on which the program is recorded is set in the drive device 107, the program is installed from the storage medium 108 to the auxiliary storage device 103 via the drive device 107. Programs downloaded from the network are installed to the auxiliary storage device 103 via the communication interface device 106.

[0076] Furthermore, the flotation recovery rate prediction device 10 may be configured as a system in which multiple computers are connected in a communicative manner, and the above-mentioned processing units may be distributed among multiple computers to realize the functionality.

[0077] Furthermore, the flotation recovery rate prediction device 10 may be a virtual machine operating on a cloud system.

[0078] While several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be carried out in a variety of other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their variations are included in the scope and spirit of the invention, as well as in the claims and their equivalents. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0079] 10. Flotation recovery rate prediction device 11 Reception Department 12 Acquisition Department 13 Calculation Section 14 Output section 20 Database Devices 101 CPU 102 Main storage 103 Auxiliary storage device 104 Input device 105 Display device 106 Communication Interface Device 107 Drive unit 108 Storage medium

Claims

1. In flotation separation for separating a metal to be separated from a first ore which is a mixture of multiple ores containing multiple types of minerals, a flotation recovery rate prediction device for predicting the recovery rate of the metal to be separated, A receiving unit that receives the desired recovery rate of the metal to be sorted, An acquisition unit that acquires first information representing the mineral content in the ore, which corresponds to the soluble metal ratio, which is the ratio of the amount of soluble metal to be sorted to the total amount of metal to be sorted in the ore, and second information representing the mineral content for each ore and the recovery rate of the metal to be sorted for each ore, A calculation unit that calculates the mixing ratio of the ore in the first ore to achieve a desired recovery rate of the metal to be sorted, based on the first information and the second information, The system includes an output unit that outputs information indicating the calculated mixing ratio of the ore, Flotation recovery rate prediction device.

2. The receiving unit further receives the desired grade of the metal to be sorted, The acquisition unit further acquires information representing the grade of the metal to be sorted for each ore, The calculation unit calculates, based on the first information, the second information, and the information representing the grade, the desired recovery rate of the metal to be sorted and the mixing ratio of the ore in the first ore to achieve the desired grade of the metal to be sorted. The flotation recovery rate prediction device according to claim 1.

3. The receiving unit receives a plurality of desired recovery rates for the metal to be sorted. The calculation unit calculates the mixing ratio of the ore in the first ore to achieve each of the desired recovery rates among the multiple recovery rates of the metal to be sorted. The output unit outputs information indicating the mixing ratio of the ore calculated for each of the desired recovery rates of the metal to be sorted. The flotation recovery rate prediction device according to claim 1.

4. The reception unit accepts the desired recovery rate of the metal to be sorted based on input operations from the user following the on-screen display. The flotation recovery rate prediction device according to claim 1.

5. The metal to be sorted is Cu or Mo. The flotation recovery rate prediction device according to claim 1.

6. The aforementioned ore is a sulfide ore containing sulfur and copper. The flotation recovery rate prediction device according to claim 1.

7. The minerals contained in the aforementioned ore include one of the following: chalcopyrite, bornite, chalcorite, copper azurite, green copper ore, and native copper. The flotation recovery rate prediction device according to claim 1.

8. In flotation separation for separating a metal to be separated from a first ore which is a mixture of multiple ores containing multiple types of minerals, a flotation recovery rate prediction method is performed by a computer in a flotation recovery rate prediction device for predicting the recovery rate of the metal to be separated, A step of receiving a desired recovery rate of the metal to be sorted, Steps include obtaining first information representing the mineral content in the ore, which corresponds to the soluble metal ratio, which is the ratio of the amount of soluble metal to be sorted to the total amount of metal to be sorted in the ore, and second information representing the mineral content for each ore and the recovery rate of the metal to be sorted for each ore, A step of calculating the mixing ratio of the ore in the first ore to achieve a desired recovery rate of the metal to be sorted, based on the first information and the second information; The process includes the step of outputting information indicating the calculated mixing ratio of the ore, A method for predicting the flotation recovery rate.

9. In flotation separation, which separates a metal to be sorted from a first ore that is a mixture of multiple ores containing multiple types of minerals, a computer equipped with a flotation recovery rate prediction device for predicting the recovery rate of the metal to be sorted, A step of receiving a desired recovery rate of the metal to be sorted, Steps include obtaining first information representing the mineral content in the ore, which corresponds to the soluble metal ratio, which is the ratio of the amount of soluble metal to be sorted to the total amount of metal to be sorted in the ore, and second information representing the mineral content for each ore and the recovery rate of the metal to be sorted for each ore, A step of calculating the mixing ratio of the ore in the first ore to achieve a desired recovery rate of the metal to be sorted, based on the first information and the second information, A step of outputting information indicating the calculated mixing ratio of the ore, A program to execute.

Images