Hoisting machines and elevators

Abstract

To provide a hoist capable of properly setting a thickness dimension of a sheave according to rope specifications without violating a thinner requirement.SOLUTION: A hoist comprises a sheave around which a rope is wrapped and a drum with a cylindrical part to which the sheave is fixed in a fitted state. The drum has multiple first screw holes formed on a first circumferential surface located outside the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical part into which the sheave is fitted, and multiple second screw holes formed on a second circumferential surface located inside the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical part and on the tip end surface of the cylindrical part. The sheave is fixed to the drum by a bolt fitted into the first screw hole and fitted into the second screw holes.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a hoist and an elevator.

Background Art

[0002] The elevator hoist includes a housing with a fixed main shaft, a drum rotatably attached to the main shaft, and a sheave fixed to the drum by bolts. A rope is wound around the sheave of the hoist based on a predetermined specification (hereinafter referred to as "rope specification").

[0003] The rope specification is determined by the diameter and number of ropes wound around the sheave. For this reason, for example, when the diameter of the rope is 10 mm and the number of ropes is 4, it is set as the first rope specification, and when the diameter of the rope is 8 mm and the number of ropes is 6, it is set as the second rope specification. The thickness dimension of the sheave suitable for the second rope specification is larger than the thickness dimension of the sheave suitable for the first rope specification. The main reason is that as the number of ropes increases, the number of grooves formed on the outer peripheral surface of the sheave increases accordingly.

[0004] On the other hand, if each component constituting the hoist is designed and manufactured dedicatedly for each rope specification, the management of components becomes complicated and leads to cost increase. For this reason, conventionally, even for a rope specification with a small required thickness dimension of the sheave, the thickness dimension of the sheave is set according to the rope specification with a large required thickness dimension of the sheave, so that components other than the sheave are made common. Specifically, for example, by setting the thickness dimension of the sheave applied to the first rope specification to the same dimension as the thickness dimension of the sheave suitable for the second rope specification, components other than the sheave are made common.

[0005] Regarding the elevator hoist, for example, the technology described in Patent Document 1 is known.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2019-11140 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0007] However, as mentioned above, if the thickness of the sheave is set to match the rope specification which requires a larger sheave thickness, then in a hoisting machine with a rope specification which requires a smaller sheave thickness, the overall thickness of the hoisting machine, including the sheave, will be large, contradicting the requirement for a thinner design.

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a hoisting machine and an elevator equipped therewith that can appropriately set the thickness dimension of the sheave according to the rope specifications without going against the requirement for thinning. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] To solve the above problems, for example, the configuration described in the claims can be adopted. This invention includes several means for solving the above-mentioned problems, but one example is a hoisting machine comprising a sheave around which a rope is wound and a drum having a cylindrical portion into which the sheave is fixed in a fitted state, or an elevator equipped with this hoisting machine. The drum has a plurality of first screw holes formed on a first circumference located outside the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion into which the sheave is fitted, and a plurality of second screw holes formed on a second circumference located inside the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion and on the protruding end surface of the cylindrical portion. The sheave is fixed to the drum by bolts that engage with the first screw holes or the second screw holes. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to the present invention, the thickness dimension of the sheave can be appropriately set according to the rope specifications without contradicting the requirement for thinning. Other issues, configurations, and effects not mentioned above will be clarified by the following description of the embodiments. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0011] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of an elevator according to the embodiment. [Figure 2] This is a front view showing the configuration of the hoisting machine according to the first embodiment. [Figure 3] This is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in Figure 2. [Figure 4] This figure shows the hoisting machine with the sheave removed. [Figure 5] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the VV section of the hoisting machine. [Figure 6] This is a front view showing the configuration of the hoisting machine according to the second embodiment. [Figure 7] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the hoisting machine along line VII-VII. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0012] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In this specification and the drawings, elements having substantially the same function or configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted.

[0013] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of an elevator according to this embodiment. As shown in Figure 1, the elevator 10 is installed in the hoistway 11 of a building structure such as a building. The elevator 10 comprises a hoisting machine 12, a rope 13, a car 14, a counterweight 15, and a pulley 16.

[0014] The hoisting machine 12 is a device that winds up the rope 13 to raise and lower the elevator car 14, and is equipped with a sheave 17. The hoisting machine 12 is installed in a machine room 18 located at the top of the elevator shaft 11. The elevator car 14 moves up and down the elevator shaft 11 guided by a car guide rail (not shown). A car pulley 19 is positioned on top of the elevator car 14.

[0015] The counterweight 15 is guided by a weight guide rail (not shown) to move up and down the hoistway 11. A weight pulley 20 is disposed on the upper part of the counterweight 15. The rope 13 is wound around the car pulley 19, the sheave 17 of the hoisting machine 12, the pulley 16, and the weight pulley 20, respectively.

[0016] In the elevator 10 having the above-described configuration, the sheave 17 is rotated by driving the hoisting machine 12, and the rope 13 is wound up by the rotation of the sheave 17, whereby the car 14 and the counterweight 15 move up and down in opposite directions. Note that the configuration of the elevator 10 is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 1, and various configurations can be adopted.

[0017] <First Embodiment> FIG. 2 is a front view showing the configuration of the hoisting machine according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 2. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in addition to the sheave 17 described above, the hoisting machine 12 includes a hollow main shaft 25, a housing 26 to which the main shaft 25 is fixed, a drum 28 rotatably supported on the main shaft 25 via a bearing 27, a brake 29 for braking the rotation of the drum 28, a stator 30, a magnet 31, an encoder 32, and a rotary transmission member 33.

[0018] As shown in FIG. 3, the housing 26 has a main body portion 34 and a leg portion 35. The main body portion 34 integrally has a part of the drum 28, a housing portion 36 for housing the stator 30 and the like, and a boss portion 37 to which the main shaft 25 is attached. The housing portion 36 is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the main body portion 34, and the boss portion 37 is formed at the center portion of the main body portion 34. The main shaft 25 is fixed to the boss portion 37 of the main body portion 34 in a fitting state. The leg portion 35 is disposed at the lower part of the housing 26. The leg portion 35 is a portion for fixing the hoisting machine 12 to the floor of the machine room 18 by bolts (not shown) when the hoisting machine 12 is installed in the machine room 18.

[0019] The drum 28, together with the stator 30 and the magnet 31, constitutes the motor of the hoisting machine 12. Specifically, the drum 28 functions as the rotor of the motor. The drum 28 integrally includes a yoke portion 41 located on the outer circumference of the drum 28, a cylindrical portion 42 located on the inner circumference of the drum 28 more than the yoke portion 41, a disc portion 43 located between the yoke portion 41 and the cylindrical portion 42, a bearing mounting portion 44 located on the inner circumference of the drum 28 more than the cylindrical portion 42, and a rib portion 45 located between the cylindrical portion 42 and the bearing mounting portion 44.

[0020] The yoke portion 41 is formed in an annular shape. The yoke portion 41 is housed in the housing portion 36 of the main body portion 34. A magnet 31 is attached to the inner circumferential surface of the yoke portion 41. The cylindrical portion 42 is formed to protrude on the opposite side of the yoke portion 41 in the direction of the central axis of the main shaft 25 (hereinafter also simply referred to as the "central axis direction"). The disc portion 43 is positioned to overlap with the stator 30 when the hoisting machine 12 is viewed from the front. The disc portion 43 connects the yoke portion 41 and the cylindrical portion 42. The bearing mounting portion 44 is the part to which the bearing 27 is attached. Two bearings 27 are attached to the bearing mounting portion 44 side by side in the direction of the central axis. Multiple rib portions 45 are provided in the circumferential direction of the drum 28, as shown in Figure 2. The multiple rib portions 45 are arranged radially when the drum 28 is viewed from the front.

[0021] The encoder 32 is mounted on the hollow portion of the main shaft 25. The encoder 32 is a rotary encoder, which is a device that detects information related to the rotation of the sheave 17 (amount of rotation, rotational speed, etc.). The rotation transmission member 33 is a member that transmits the rotation of the drum 28 to the encoder 32 by rotating together with the drum 28. The rotation transmission member 33 is formed in the shape of a disc. The rotation transmission member 33 is mounted on the drum 28 so as to cover the mounting portion of the bearing 27. In the direction of the central axis of the main shaft 25, the end face 33a of the rotation transmission member 33 is arranged on the same plane (flush surface) as the protruding end face 42a of the cylindrical portion 42.

[0022] Figure 4 shows the hoisting machine shown in Figure 2 with the sheave removed, and Figure 5 is a VV cross-sectional view of the hoisting machine shown in Figure 4. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the disc portion 43 of the drum 28 has multiple (six in the illustrated example) screw holes 51, and the cylindrical portion 42 of the drum 28 also has multiple (six in the illustrated example) screw holes 52. The screw holes 51 correspond to the first screw holes, and the screw holes 52 correspond to the second screw holes. The screw holes 51 are for attaching a sheave having a thickness suitable for the first rope specification (described later) to the drum 28. The screw holes 52 are for attaching a sheave having a thickness suitable for the second rope specification (described later), which is different from the first rope specification, to the drum 28.

[0023] As shown in Figure 4, the multiple screw holes 51 are formed on a first circumference C1 located outside (towards the larger diameter) of the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion 42. In contrast, the multiple screw holes 52 are formed on a second circumference C2 located inside (towards the smaller diameter) of the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion 42. The multiple screw holes 52 are also formed on the protruding end surface 42a of the cylindrical portion 42.

[0024] The screw holes 51 and 52 are formed at the same positions relative to each other in the circumferential direction of the drum 28. Specifically, the multiple screw holes 51 are formed at an angular pitch of 60° in the circumferential direction, and the multiple screw holes 52 are also formed at an angular pitch of 60° in the circumferential direction. Furthermore, the screw holes 51 and 52 are formed at the same angular pitch as the rib portion 45 and are on the extension of the rib portion 45.

[0025] Let's return to Figures 2 and 3 for further explanation. The sheave 17 is formed in an annular shape. Multiple grooves 55 are formed on the outer surface of the sheave 17. The size and number of grooves 55 are determined by the specifications of the rope wound around the sheave 17. In the first embodiment, as an example of rope specifications, four grooves 55 are formed on the sheave 17, assuming that the rope has a diameter of 10 mm and four strands of rope. The four grooves 55 are arranged at predetermined intervals along the central axis of the sheave 17. The width and spacing of the grooves 55 are set to correspond to the diameter of the rope.

[0026] The thickness dimension L1 of the sheave 17 is set to the same dimension as the protrusion dimension L2 (Figure 5) of the cylindrical portion 42. The thickness dimension L1 of the sheave 17 is the dimension from one end face to the other end face in the central axis direction of the sheave 17. The protrusion dimension L2 of the cylindrical portion 42 is the protrusion dimension of the cylindrical portion 42 defined with respect to the outer surface 43a of the disc portion 43. When the sheave 17 is attached to the cylindrical portion 42 of the drum 28, one end face of the sheave 17 abuts against the outer surface 43a of the disc portion 43. Therefore, by setting the thickness dimension L1 of the sheave 17 to the same dimension as the protrusion dimension L2 of the cylindrical portion 42, the sheave 17 can be attached to the cylindrical portion 42 without the sheave 17 protruding from the protruding end face 42a of the cylindrical portion 42.

[0027] The sheave 17 is provided with a plurality of bolt insertion holes 56. The plurality of bolt insertion holes 56 are provided in the same positional relationship as the plurality of screw holes 51 (Figure 4) described above. The bolt insertion holes 56 are holes for inserting bolts 57 used to fix the sheave 17. In this embodiment, as an example, the case in which the bolt 57 is a socket head cap bolt is shown. The bolt insertion holes 56 are formed to penetrate the sheave 17 in the thickness direction. The bolt insertion holes 56 have a counterbore portion 56a (Figure 3) that accommodates the head of the bolt 57. This prevents the head of the bolt 57 from protruding from the end face of the sheave 17.

[0028] The sheave 17, having the above configuration, is fitted onto the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion 42 of the drum 28. Multiple bolt insertion holes 56 are provided in the sheave 17, each containing a corresponding bolt 57. Each bolt 57 engages with a threaded hole 51 formed in the disc portion 43 of the drum 28, and is tightened with appropriate torque in this state. The sheave 17 is pressed against the outer surface 43a of the disc portion 43 by the tightening force of each bolt 57. As a result, the sheave 17 is fixed in place while fitted onto the cylindrical portion 42.

[0029] In the hoisting machine 12 according to the first embodiment, the thickness dimension L1 of the sheave 17 is set to a dimension suitable for the rope specification without securing extra thickness in the direction of the alignment of the grooves 55. The dimension suitable for the rope specification is the minimum dimension required to form the size and number of grooves necessary to wind the rope of the diameter and number of ropes specified in the rope specification on the outer surface of the sheave. Therefore, when the rope specification of rope diameter = 10 mm and number of ropes = 4 is applied to the sheave 17 of the hoisting machine 12, the overall thickness dimension of the hoisting machine 12, including the sheave 17, can be kept small. Thus, the requirement for thinness of the hoisting machine 12 can be met.

[0030] <Second Embodiment> Figure 6 is a front view showing the configuration of the hoisting machine according to the second embodiment, and Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the hoisting machine shown in Figure 6 along line VII-VII. In the second embodiment, the sheave configuration differs from that of the first embodiment described above, while the other components are common. This will be explained in detail below.

[0031] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the sheave 17A of the hoisting machine 12A is formed in an annular shape. Multiple grooves 55A are formed on the outer surface of the sheave 17A. The size and number of grooves 55A are determined by the specifications of the rope wound around the sheave 17A. In the second embodiment, as an example of rope specifications, assuming that the rope diameter is 8 mm and the number of ropes is 6, six grooves 55A are formed on the sheave 17A. The six grooves 55A are arranged at predetermined intervals along the central axis of the sheave 17A. The width and depth of the grooves 55A are set to correspond to the diameter of the rope.

[0032] Here, if we define the rope specifications applied to the hoisting machine 12 according to the first embodiment as the first rope specifications, and the rope specifications applied to the hoisting machine 12A according to the second embodiment as the second rope specifications, then the sheave thickness dimension suitable for the second rope specifications will be larger than the sheave thickness dimension suitable for the first rope specifications. For this reason, the thickness dimension L3 of the sheave 17A is set to be larger than the thickness dimension L1 of the sheave 17. Furthermore, the width of the groove 55A in the second embodiment is set to be narrower than the width of the groove 55 in the first embodiment, and the spacing of the grooves 55A in the second embodiment is set to be narrower than the spacing of the grooves 55 in the first embodiment.

[0033] Furthermore, the sheave 17A has an integral flange portion 58. The flange portion 58 is formed at the end of the sheave 17A in the direction of the central axis. The flange portion 58 is also formed to protrude inward (towards the smaller diameter side) from the inner circumferential surface of the sheave 17A that is fitted to the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion 42. Multiple bolt insertion holes 59 are provided in the flange portion 58 of the sheave 17A. The multiple bolt insertion holes 59 are provided in the same positional relationship as the multiple screw holes 52 (Figure 4) described above. The bolt insertion holes 59 are holes for inserting bolts 60 used to fix the sheave 17A. In this embodiment, as an example, the case in which the bolt 60 is a socket head cap screw is shown. The bolt insertion hole 59 has a counterbore portion 59a that accommodates the head of the bolt 60. This prevents the head of the bolt 60 from protruding from the end face of the sheave 17A.

[0034] The sheave 17A, having the above configuration, is fitted onto the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion 42 of the drum 28. Multiple bolt insertion holes 59 are provided in the flange portion 58 of the sheave 17A, each with a corresponding bolt 60 inserted into it. Each bolt 60 engages with a threaded hole 52 formed in the cylindrical portion 42 of the drum 28, and is tightened with an appropriate torque in this state. The sheave 17A is pressed against the protruding end surface 42a of the cylindrical portion 42 by the tightening force of each bolt 60. As a result, the sheave 17A is fixed in a fitted state on the cylindrical portion 42. Furthermore, the protruding end surface 42a of the cylindrical portion 42 is covered by the flange portion 58 of the sheave 17A.

[0035] In the hoisting machine 12A according to the second embodiment, the thickness dimension L3 of the sheave 17A is set to a dimension suitable for the second rope specification applied to the hoisting machine 12A. Similarly, in the hoisting machine 12 according to the first embodiment described above, the thickness dimension L2 of the sheave 17 is set to a dimension suitable for the first rope specification applied to the hoisting machine 12. As a result, in both the first and second embodiments, the thickness dimension of the sheave can be appropriately set according to the rope specification. Furthermore, in the hoisting machine 12 according to the first embodiment and the hoisting machine 12A according to the second embodiment, parts other than the sheaves 17 and 17A can be made common.

[0036] Furthermore, in the hoisting machine 12A according to the second embodiment, a flange portion 58 is provided on the sheave 17A to cover the protruding end surface 42a of the cylindrical portion 42, and a bolt 60 is engaged with the threaded hole 52 of the cylindrical portion 42 through a bolt insertion hole 59 provided in the flange portion 58. This makes it possible to shorten the length of the bolt 60 compared to when the sheave 17A is fixed with a bolt using the threaded hole 51 of the disc portion 43.

[0037] Furthermore, in the first and second embodiments, the screw holes 51 and 52 are formed at the same position in the circumferential direction (Figure 4). Therefore, whether attaching the sheave 17 with a small thickness dimension or the sheave 17A with a large thickness dimension to the cylindrical portion 42 of the drum 28, the worker will not confuse the positions of the screw holes 51 and 52. Thus, the sheave installation work becomes easier.

[0038] Furthermore, in the first and second embodiments, screw holes 51 and 52 are formed on the extensions of the radially arranged rib portions 45. Therefore, when attaching the sheave 17 or sheave 17A to the cylindrical portion 42 of the drum 28, the worker can use the position of the rib portions 45 as a guide to align the screw holes 51 with the bolt insertion holes 56, and the screw holes 52 with the bolt insertion holes 59. In addition, the strength of the drum 28, which is subjected to load by tightening the bolts 57 and 60, can be effectively reinforced by the rib portions 45.

[0039] <Examples of variations, etc.> The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but also includes various modified and improved forms to the extent that specific effects can be obtained by the constituent elements of the invention or combinations thereof.

[0040] For example, in the above embodiment, the end face 33a of the rotation transmission member 33 is arranged on the same plane as the protruding end face 42a of the cylindrical portion 42. However, the end face 33a of the rotation transmission member 33 may be positioned recessed from the protruding end face 42a of the cylindrical portion 42.

[0041] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, as a preferred example, screw holes 51 and 52 are formed at the same position in the circumferential direction, but the invention is not limited to this, and screw holes 51 and 52 may be formed at different positions in the circumferential direction. [Explanation of symbols]

[0042] 10…Elevator, 12,12A…Hoisting machine, 13…Counterweight, 14…Car, 15…Counterweight, 17,17A…Sheave, 28…Drum, 42…Cylindrical section, 42a…Protruding end face, 45…Rib section, 51…Screw hole (first screw hole), 52…Screw hole (second screw hole), 56,59…Bolt insertion hole, 56a,59a…Counterbore section, 57,60…Bolt, 58…Flange section, C1…First circumference, C2…Second circumference

Claims

1. A hoisting machine comprising a sheave around which a rope is wound, and a drum having a cylindrical portion into which the sheave is fixed in a fitted state, The drum has a plurality of first screw holes formed on a first circumference located outside the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion into which the sheave is fitted, and a plurality of second screw holes formed on a second circumference located inside the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion and on the protruding end surface of the cylindrical portion. The sheave is fixed to the drum by a bolt that engages with the first or second screw hole. Hoisting machine.

2. The first screw hole and the second screw hole are formed at the same position relative to each other in the circumferential direction. The hoisting machine according to claim 1.

3. The drum has a plurality of ribs arranged radially, The first and second screw holes are formed on the extension of the rib portion. The hoisting machine according to claim 2.

4. The sheave is fixed to the drum by a bolt that engages with the first screw hole, The thickness dimension of the sheave is the same as the protruding dimension of the cylindrical portion. The hoisting machine according to claim 1.

5. The sheave has a flange that covers the protruding end surface of the cylindrical portion, and a bolt insertion hole is provided in the flange. The sheave is fixed to the drum by a bolt that engages with the second screw hole through the bolt insertion hole. The hoisting machine according to claim 1.

6. The bolt insertion hole has a counterbore portion for accommodating the head of the bolt. The hoisting machine according to claim 5.

7. An elevator comprising a hoisting machine for winding up a rope, and a car and counterweight that move up and down by the drive of the hoisting machine, The hoisting machine comprises a sheave around which the rope is wound, and a drum having a cylindrical portion into which the sheave is fixed in a fitted state. The drum has a plurality of first screw holes formed on a first circumference located outside the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion into which the sheave is fitted, and a plurality of second screw holes formed on a second circumference located inside the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion and on the protruding end surface of the cylindrical portion. The sheave is fixed to the drum by a bolt that engages with the first or second screw hole. Elevator.

Images