High-voltage box

Abstract

To provide a high-voltage box that can reduce electromagnetic interference and is advantageous since an influence of heat generated by a fuser on a battery management system is reduced.SOLUTION: There is provided a high-voltage box that includes a box body, a lid plate sealing an opening of the box body, and an electric member provided in a storage space in the box body. The box body includes a first side plate and a second side plate opposed to each other, the storage space is located between the first side plate and second side plate, and the electric member includes a battery management system, and a positive electrode fuse of a positive electrode circuit and / or a negative electrode fuse of a negative electrode circuit. The battery management system is close to the first side plate, and the positive electrode fuse and negative electrode fuse are close to the second side plate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] [Cross - reference to Related Applications] This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application with the application number 2023235919444 filed with the Chinese Patent Office on December 27, 2023, and all the contents of the above application are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] [Technical Field] This application relates to the technical field of electrical energy, specifically to high - voltage boxes.

Background Art

[0003] The high - voltage box is an important component of the energy storage battery system, and various electronic devices are provided inside it, such as a battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS), relays, fuses, power modules, etc.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In the related art, the arrangement of the internal electronic devices of the high - voltage box is chaotic. Especially, large - power heat - generating devices such as fuses are often close to the BMS, which is likely to cause electromagnetic interference to the BMS. Moreover, since these large - power heat - generating devices generate a lot of heat, the ambient temperature around the BMS is too high, which is likely to lead to the aging, burnout or failure of the devices inside the BMS.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] This application is a high - voltage box including a box body with an open top, a cover plate for sealing the opening of the box body, and electrical components provided in the accommodation space inside the box body, The box body includes opposing first and second side panels, the housing space is located between the first and second side panels, and the electrical components include a battery management system, a positive fuse in the positive circuit and / or a negative fuse in the negative circuit, the battery management system is located on the side of the housing space closer to the first side panel, and the positive and negative fuses are located on the side of the housing space closer to the second side panel, providing a high-voltage box. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] The beneficial effects of the high-voltage box according to this application are as follows: The high-voltage box includes a box body with an opening at the top, a lid plate that seals the opening of the box body, and electrical components provided in a housing space inside the box body. The box body includes opposing first and second side plates, the housing space is located between the first and second side plates, and the electrical components include a battery management system, a positive fuse in the positive electrode circuit, and a negative fuse in the negative electrode circuit. The battery management system is located on the side of the housing space closer to the first side plate, and the positive and negative fuses are located on the side of the housing space closer to the second side plate. By providing the battery management system and the positive and negative fuses on opposite sides of the housing space, the fuses are separated from the battery management system, thereby reducing electromagnetic interference with the battery management system by the fuses and further reducing the impact on the battery management system due to the heat generated by the fuses. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0007] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-voltage box according to this application. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the high-voltage box according to this application. [Figure 3] This is a circuit diagram illustrating the positive and negative electrode circuits inside the high-voltage box according to this application. [Figure 4] A schematic diagram of a partial structure of the battery management system according to this application. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0008] Referring to Figures 1 to 4, Figure 3 is a circuit principle diagram of the positive and negative electrodes inside the high-voltage box according to this application, Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the battery management system according to this application, and Figure 3 schematically shows the connection terminals of each device that are connected to the corresponding pins in the battery management system shown in Figure 4.

[0009] The embodiment of this application provides a high-voltage box 100, which includes a box body 10 having an opening at the top, a lid plate 20 that seals the opening of the box body 10, and electrical components provided in the storage space inside the box body 10.

[0010] The box body 10 includes opposing first side plates 101 and second side plates 102, the housing space is located between the first side plate 101 and the second side plate 102, and the electrical components include a battery management system 302, a positive fuse 305 in the positive circuit and / or a negative fuse 307 in the negative circuit. In one embodiment, fuses are provided in both the positive and negative circuits, i.e., the electrical components include a positive fuse 305 and a negative fuse 307. Of course, in other embodiments, fuses may not be provided in the positive and negative circuits as needed.

[0011] To make it easier to understand, the positive electrode circuit is a circuit within the high-voltage box 100 that connects the positive electrode input interface and the positive electrode output interface. The positive electrode voltage signal is input into the high-voltage box 100 from the positive electrode input interface, transmitted through the positive electrode circuit to the positive electrode output interface, and output. The negative electrode circuit is a circuit within the high-voltage box 100 that connects the negative electrode input interface and the negative electrode output interface. The negative electrode voltage signal is input into the high-voltage box 100 from the negative electrode input interface, transmitted through the negative electrode circuit to the negative electrode output interface, and output.

[0012] The battery management system 302 is located on the side of the housing space closest to the first side plate 101, that is, it is provided close to the first side plate 101, and is closer to the first side plate 101 than to the second side plate 102. For example, the battery management system 302 may be fixed to the first side plate 101, or the gap between the battery management system 302 and the first side plate 101 may be small, for example, less than 5 mm, for example, 0 mm (i.e., the battery management system 302 and the first side plate 101 are in direct contact), 2 mm, or 4 mm. The positive fuse 305 and the negative fuse 307 are located on the side of the housing space closer to the second side plate 102, that is, they are provided close to the second side plate 102, and are closer to the second side plate 102 than to the first side plate. For example, both the positive fuse 305 and the negative fuse 307 may be fixed to the second side plate 102, or the gaps between the positive fuse 305 and the negative fuse 307 and the second side plate 102 may be small. It should be explained that the positive fuse 305 and the negative fuse 307 may be provided in different positions close to the second side plate 102 as needed. By providing the battery management system 302 and the positive fuse 305 and negative fuse 307 on both sides of the housing space in the box body 10, the positive and negative fuses are separated from the battery management system, thereby reducing electromagnetic interference with the battery management system by the fuses and further reducing the impact on the battery management system by the heat generated by the fuses.

[0013] In some embodiments, the distance between the battery management system 302 and the positive fuse 305 and negative fuse 307 is in the range of 200mm-280mm. For example, the distance between the battery management system 302 and the positive fuse 305 may be 210mm, 215mm, or 230mm, and the distance between the battery management system 302 and the negative fuse 307 may be 220mm, 250mm, or 270mm. By increasing the distance between the battery management system 302 and the positive fuse 305 and negative fuse 307, and positioning the battery management system 302 away from the positive fuse 305 and negative fuse 307, the electromagnetic interference effect of the fuses on the battery management system 302 can be effectively reduced.

[0014] In one embodiment, the box body 10 further includes a third side plate 103, a fourth side plate 104, and a bottom plate (not shown), wherein the first side plate 101, the third side plate 103, the second side plate 102, and the fourth side plate 104 are connected end to end in order, and the first side plate 101, the third side plate 103, the second side plate 102, and the fourth side plate 104 are connected to the periphery of the bottom plate and together enclose the storage space. The box body 10 is a rectangular box body, for example, a rectangular box body or a square box body.

[0015] In one embodiment, the first side plate 101, the fourth side plate 104, and the second side plate 102 may be integrally molded bent members, and the third side plate 103 is connected to the bent member by welding, that is, each end of the third side plate 103 is fixed to the first side plate 101 and the second side plate 102 by welding.

[0016] A positive input interface P+ and a negative input interface P- are provided on the side of the third side plate 103 closest to the first side plate 101, and a positive output interface B+ and a negative output interface B- are provided on the side of the third side plate 103 closest to the second side plate 102. For example, as shown in Figure 1, the positive input interface P+ and the negative input interface P- are provided on the left side of the third side plate 103, and the positive output interface B+ and the negative output interface B- are provided on the right side of the third side plate 103.

[0017] The electrical components further include an AC / DC power module 301, a disconnect switch 303, a positive relay 304, a negative relay 306, and a shunt 308. The positive input interface P+, ​​the disconnect switch 303, the positive relay 304, the positive fuse 305, and the positive output interface B+ are connected in order to form a positive circuit, and the negative input interface P-, the disconnect switch 303, the negative relay 306, the negative fuse 307, the shunt 308, and the negative output interface B- are connected in order to form a negative circuit, and the battery management system 302 is connected to the AC / DC power module 301, the positive circuit, and the negative circuit.

[0018] In one embodiment, the AC / DC power module 301 may be mounted on the fourth side plate 104, the battery management system 302 is located in the corner between the first side plate 101 and the fourth side plate 104, and the AC / DC power module 301 is located between the fourth side plate 104 and the battery management system 302. To facilitate connection between devices, the positive fuse 305 and the positive output interface B+ are located on the same line, and the negative fuse 307 and the negative output interface B- are located on the same line. The negative relay 306 is provided between the battery management system 302 and the negative fuse 307 to separate the battery management system 302 from the negative fuse 307, and the positive fuse 305 may be provided adjacent to the first side plate 101, thereby allowing the positive fuse 305 and the negative fuse 307 to be as far away from the battery management system 302 as possible.

[0019] In one embodiment, the electrical component further includes a first temperature sensor 309 and a second temperature sensor 310 connected to the battery management system 302. The first temperature sensor 309 is provided adjacent to the positive fuse 305, and the second temperature sensor 310 is provided adjacent to the negative fuse 307. Thereby, the first temperature sensor 309 and the second temperature sensor 310 can realize temperature monitoring for heat generating devices such as fuses, and prevent the situation that the temperature inside the box body is too high and cannot be timely detected. In some embodiments, the distance between the first temperature sensor 309 and the positive fuse 305 is 18 mm - 22 mm, for example, it may be 20 mm. The distance between the second temperature sensor 310 and the negative fuse having 307 is 18 mm - 22 mm, for example, it may be 20 mm.

[0020] The high-voltage box 100 may further include a display module. The display module may be provided on the outer surface of the first side plate 101, or may be provided on the outer surface of the cover plate 20. The display module may be for displaying the temperature data collected by the first temperature sensor 309 and the second temperature sensor 310.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present application, the devices in the positive circuit and the devices in the negative circuit may be connected by a copper bar. The copper bar connected to the fuse is realized by a copper bar with a large cross-sectional area in order to increase the heat dissipation area. Specifically, between the positive relay 304 and the positive fuse 305, between the positive fuse having 305 and the positive output interface B+, between the negative relay 306 and the negative fuse 307, and between the negative fuse 307 and the shunt 308, all are connected by a copper bar with a large first cross-sectional area. The first cross-sectional area may be 2.5 * 40 mm 2 - 3.5 * 45 mm 2 or, for example, 3 * 35 mm 2 and may be. Of course, in other embodiments, the first cross-sectional area may be other values, for example, 3 * 38 mm 2 or 3 * 40 mm 2 etc. and may be.

[0022] Copper bars in other locations, such as the copper bar between the disconnect switch 303 and the positive input port P+ and the negative input port P-, and the copper bar between the disconnect switch 303 and the positive relay 304, are copper bars with a small cross-sectional area, for example, with a cross-sectional area of ​​3*30mm, in order to save space. 2 A copper bar may also be used.

[0023] In one embodiment, heat dissipation fins 41 and 42 are provided on the copper bar between the positive relay 304 and the positive fuse 305, and on the copper bar between the negative relay 306 and the negative fuse 307, respectively, thereby effectively reducing the operating temperature of the fuses. In another embodiment, a fan 50 is further provided on the box body 10, and the air blowing surface of the fan 50 faces the heat dissipation fins on the copper bar at least at one location. As shown in Figure 3, the fan 50 may be attached to the second side plate 102, and the air blowing surface of the fan 50 faces the heat dissipation fins 41 and 42, thereby reducing the heating of the fuses and improving the heat dissipation effect on the fuses.

[0024] In one embodiment of this application, the electrical components further include an equalizing relay 311 and a precharge resistor 312, wherein the equalizing relay 311 is connected in series with the precharge resistor 312 to form an equalizing branch, and the equalizing branch is connected in parallel with a positive electrode relay 304. The distance between the precharge resistor 312 and the battery management system 302 may be in the range of 130 mm to 150 mm, for example, 135 mm or 145 mm, thereby separating the precharge resistor 312 and the battery management system 302, thereby reducing electromagnetic interference from the precharge resistor 312 to the battery management system 302 and reducing the impact of heat generated by the precharge resistor 312 on the battery management system 302. By providing an equalizing branch, the circulation problem between battery clusters can be mitigated.

[0025] The third side panel 103 is further provided with an auxiliary power interface J1, an MBMU (Master Battery Management Unit) communication interface J2, an SBMU (Slave Battery Management Unit) communication interface J3, a communication expansion interface J4, a slave power supply communication interface J5, a power indicator lamp L1, a fault indicator lamp L2, a pull-up handle 1031, and a switch handle 1032 connected to a disconnect switch 303.

[0026] There are two lift handles 1031, each located on either side of the third side plate 103. The auxiliary power interface J1 is connected to the AC / DC power module 301 via a 220V power harness 316. The expansion interface J4 may be for connecting to an external terminal resistor, thereby allowing multiple cluster-level high-voltage boxes to use the terminal resistor interchangeably. Power indicator lamps L1 and fault indicator lamps L2 are located on either side of the switch handle 1032, respectively.

[0027] In one embodiment of this application, the electrical component further includes a Hall current sensor 317 connected between a positive input interface P+ and a disconnect switch 303, thereby enabling current detection.

[0028] In one embodiment of this application, the connection harness between the battery management system 302 and the AC / DC power module 301, the positive electrode circuit, and the negative electrode circuit includes a high-voltage harness 313 and a low-voltage harness 314, the high-voltage harness 313 and the low-voltage harness 314 being independent of each other, i.e., separated from each other and led out individually, thereby avoiding mutual interference between the two and enhancing safety. In one embodiment, an insulating layer can be applied to the outer surface of the high-voltage harness 313 to enhance insulation safety. As shown in Figure 2, the battery management system 302 connects to the AD / DC power module 301, disconnect switch 303, first temperature sensor 309, second temperature sensor 310, positive relay 304, positive fuse 305, negative relay 306, negative fuse 307, fan 50, equalization relay 311, Hall current sensor 317, fault indicator lamp L1, MBMU communication interface J2, SBMU communication interface J3, communication extension interface J4, and slave power supply communication interface via the low voltage harness 314. The battery management system 302 is connected to the J5 terminal, and is further connected via a high-voltage harness 313 to the copper bars between the disconnect switch 303 and the positive relay 304, the disconnect switch 303 and the negative relay 306, the negative fuse 307 and the shunt 308, the shunt, the positive fuse 305 and the positive output interface B+. The battery management system 302 performs voltage collection via the high-voltage harness 313, and the collection location is a single point, which can increase the reliability of the collection results.

[0029] In the equalization branch, the equalization connection harness 315 and other harnesses, such as the high-voltage harness 313 and the low-voltage harness 314, are provided independently of each other.

[0030] Figures 3 and 4 together show that Figure 3 schematically illustrates the connections between each device in the positive and negative circuits and some of the pins of the battery management system 302. For example, SBMU-1:1 and SBMU-1:2 of the shunt 308 shown in Figure 3 are the positive and negative sampling points of the shunt, and are connected to the SH1:1 and SH1:2 pins of the battery management system 302 shown in Figure 4, respectively. SBMU1:3 of the BAT_N node shown in Figure 3 is connected to all the negative pins of the BAT_N battery shown in Figure 4, and SBMU-F:1 of the BAT_P node shown in Figure 3 is connected to all the positive pins of the BAT_P battery shown in Figure 4. The connection relationships of other devices are determined based on the corresponding pin names in Figures 3 and 4 and are not described in detail here.

[0031] In the embodiment of this application, a seal ring 60 is provided between the lid plate 20 and the box body 10, thereby ensuring that the entire high-voltage box 100 meets the IP65 protection level. The end faces of the first side plate 101, the second side plate 102, the third side plate 103 and the fourth side plate 104, away from the bottom plate, have extended portions that are bent toward the housing space, and the seal ring 60 is located on these extended portions. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0032] High voltage box: 100 Box type: 10 1st side plate: 101 2nd side plate: 102 Third side plate: 103 Lifting handle: 1031 Switch handle: 1032 4th side plate: 104 Lid plate: 20 AC / DC power module: 301 Battery management system: 302 Disconnect switch: 303 Positive relay: 304 Positive fuse: 305 Negative relay: 306 Negative fuse: 307 Flow divider:308 First temperature sensor: 309 Second temperature sensor: 310 Equalization relay: 311 Precharge resistor: 312 High-voltage harness: 313 Low voltage harness: 314 220V power harness: 316 Equalizing connection harness: 315 Hall current sensor: 317 Heat dissipation fins: 41, 42 Fans: 50 Seal ring: 60 Positive input interface: P+ Negative input interface: P- Positive output interface: B+ Negative output interface: B- 1st area: a1 2nd area: a2 Auxiliary power interface: J1 MBMU communication interface: J2 SBMU communication interface: J3 Communication extension interface: J4 Slave power supply communication interface: J5 Power indicator lamp: L1 Fault indicator light: L2.

Claims

1. A high-voltage box comprising a box body with an opening at the top, a lid plate that seals the opening of the box body, and electrical components provided in the storage space inside the box body, The box body includes opposing first side panels, second side panels, third side panels, and fourth side panels, the storage space is located between the first side panel and the second side panel, and the first side panel, third side panel, second side panel, and fourth side panel are connected end to end in order. The electrical components include a battery management system, a positive input interface in the positive electrode circuit, a positive fuse, a positive output interface, and a negative input interface, a negative fuse, and a negative output interface in the negative electrode circuit. The battery management system is located on the side of the housing space closest to the first side plate, the positive fuse and negative fuse are located on the side of the housing space closest to the second side plate, the positive input interface and the negative input interface are provided on the side of the third side plate closest to the first side plate, and the positive output interface and the negative output interface are provided on the side of the third side plate closest to the second side plate. The battery management system is located in the corner between the first side plate and the fourth side plate, the positive fuse and the positive output interface are located on the same straight line, and the negative fuse and the negative output interface are located on the same straight line, in a high-voltage box.

2. The high-voltage box according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the battery management system and the positive fuse is in the range of 200 mm to 280 mm, and / or the distance between the battery management system and the negative fuse is in the range of 200 mm to 280 mm.

3. The electrical component further includes a bottom plate, and the first side plate, the third side plate, the second side plate, and the fourth side plate are connected to the periphery of the bottom plate and together enclose the housing space. The high-voltage box according to claim 1, wherein the electrical components further include an AC / DC power module, an equalizing relay, a precharge resistor, a disconnect switch, a positive relay, a negative relay, and a shunt, the positive input interface, the disconnect switch, the positive relay, the positive fuse, and the positive output interface are connected in order to form the positive circuit, the negative input interface, the disconnect switch, the negative relay, the negative fuse, the shunt, and the negative output interface are connected in order to form the negative circuit, the equalizing relay is connected in series with the precharge resistor to form an equalizing branch, the equalizing branch is connected in parallel with the positive relay, and the battery management system is connected to the AC / DC power module, the positive circuit, and the negative circuit.

4. The high-voltage box according to claim 3, wherein the box body is a rectangular box body, and the AC / DC power module is located between the battery management system and the fourth side plate.

5. The high-voltage box according to claim 3, wherein the first side plate, the fourth side plate, and the second side plate are integrally molded bendable members, the third side plate is connected to the bendable member by welding, and a sealing ring is provided between the lid plate and the box body.

6. The high-voltage box according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the electrical component further includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor connected to a battery management system, the first temperature sensor being provided adjacent to the positive fuse and the second temperature sensor being provided adjacent to the negative fuse.

7. The high-voltage box according to claim 6, wherein the distance between the first temperature sensor and the positive fuse is 18 mm - 22 mm, and the distance between the second temperature sensor and the negative fuse is 18 mm - 22 mm.

8. The connections between the positive relay and the positive fuse, between the positive fuse and the positive output interface, between the negative relay and the negative fuse, and between the negative fuse and the shunt are all made by copper bars having a first cross-sectional area, the first cross-sectional area of ​​which is 2.5 * 40 mm². ２ -3.5 * 45 mm ２ The high-voltage box according to claim 3.

9. The high-voltage box according to claim 3, wherein heat dissipation fins are provided on the copper bar between the positive relay and the positive fuse, and on the copper bar between the negative relay and the negative fuse.

10. The high-voltage box according to claim 9, wherein the box body is further provided with a fan, and the air-blowing surface of the fan faces a heat dissipation fin on a copper bar at at least one of its locations.

11. The high-voltage box according to claim 3, wherein the connection harness between the battery management system and the AC / DC power module, positive electrode circuit, and negative electrode circuit includes a high-voltage harness and a low-voltage harness, the high-voltage harness and the low-voltage harness being independent of each other, and the outer surface of the high-voltage harness being covered with an insulating layer.

12. The high-voltage box according to claim 3, wherein the third side panel is further provided with an auxiliary power interface, a communication expansion interface, a slave power supply communication interface, an MBMU communication interface, an SBMU communication interface, a power indicator lamp, a fault indicator lamp, a pull-up handle, and a switch handle connected to the disconnect switch.

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