Slide cutting work for narrow structures

Abstract

To provide an apparatus that safely and certainly cuts foam plastic filled up between structural members while reducing scattering of the foam plastic to a minimum without the needs of water curing and fireproof preparation before execution in a narrow joint gap provided in a concrete bridge on abutment or trestles, and a method using the same.SOLUTION: A cutting apparatus 1 removes a generally tabular joint filler M filled up between concrete members of a concrete structure, and comprises a longitudinal axis rail 11 arranged to generally extend in a longitudinal direction of the joint filler M at the position adjacent to the outside of the joint filler M, a transverse axis rail 12 where one end is movably connected up and down to the longitudinal axis rail and that is arranged to generally extend in a transverse direction of the joint filler M from the longitudinal axis rail 11, a core unit body 13 movable in the transverse direction on the transverse axis rail 12, a cutting member 14 that is rotated by the core unit body 13 and provided with bristles 2 on an outer peripheral surface for cutting and removing the joint filler M, and an extension member 15 interposed between the core unit body 13 and the cutting member 14.

Description

【Technical Field】 【0001】 The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for removing and withdrawing a foamed plastic or a filler filled or installed between structures, particularly in narrow joints and spaces, in a concrete structure. In the description of the present invention, the terms indicating the "vertical" and "horizontal" directions are described such that the direction in which the end face exposed outside the joint material to be removed extends is the "vertical", and the direction orthogonal or intersecting this extension direction is the "horizontal". Therefore, for example, even when the end face of the joint material extends in the horizontal direction, it should be noted that the end face direction is expressed as the vertical. 【Background Art】 【0002】 As is well known, a construction method is carried out in which a foamed plastic material or the like is installed as a dead formwork to form joints and spaces of a concrete structure, and concrete is placed. For example, in order to prevent drying shrinkage cracks during the curing of a concrete structure or to absorb the girder temperature shrinkage and girder deflection between the abutment and the girder and between the girders of a bridge structure, spaces are formed during construction. By installing a foamed plastic or a filler as a joint material provided between concrete bridge girders, displacement stress is prevented from occurring in the bridge body by ensuring the necessary space due to temperature changes and the like. Since water leakage such as rainwater occurs from the joints of the concrete structure and the spaces of the upper bridge structure, and it causes damage due to water leakage of the main structure, it is necessary to install a device having a water stop function. Along with the installation of a device having a water stop function, it is necessary to remove and withdraw the dead formwork such as the above-mentioned foamed plastic material. However, particularly, the removal and withdrawal work of the foamed plastic filled on the above-mentioned abutment and pier is extremely burdensome because the space provided between the bridges is narrow. 【0003】 The removal and dismantling of foamed plastic on bridge abutments and piers generally involves using a high-pressure water method. However, when using the high-pressure water method, concrete may have penetrated the formwork and increased its strength depending on the site conditions. In such cases, the foamed plastic may not be removed by high-pressure water alone, and other methods such as manual labor must be used in conjunction, which places a considerable burden on the workers. Because the removed foamed plastic tended to accumulate inside the gaps, crushed foamed plastic would accumulate inside the gaps, making it difficult to discharge to the outside even with high-pressure water. Therefore, it was necessary to periodically scrape it out using manual tools such as hoes, which required interrupting the high-pressure water cutting work each time. In addition, to prevent environmental pollution, water curing was required before the high-pressure water cutting work, and complicated cleaning work was required after the work was completed. 【0004】 On the other hand, as a means of removing the remaining foamed plastic mentioned above, a method has been proposed in which the foamed plastic is melted using a hole expansion device equipped with a heater that heats to a temperature above the melting point of the foamed plastic (see Patent Document 1). However, with the above method, fire prevention measures must be put in place before construction and removed after construction. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents] 【0005】 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2016-56565 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve] 【0006】 The present invention provides a device and method for safely and reliably cutting joint material between structural members in narrow gaps between concrete bridge beams on bridge abutments and piers, without requiring water curing or fire prevention measures before construction, and while minimizing the scattering of foamed plastic used as joint material. [Means for solving the problem] 【0007】 To achieve the above objective, the cutting device according to the present invention is a cutting device for removing a generally plate-shaped joint material filled between concrete members of a concrete structure, and is characterized by including: a vertical axis rail positioned close to the outside of the joint material and extending generally in the longitudinal direction of the joint material; a horizontal axis rail connected to the vertical axis rail at one end so as to be vertically movable and arranged to extend generally from the vertical axis rail in the lateral direction of the joint material; a core machine body that is movable laterally on the horizontal axis rail; a cutting member having brush bristles on its outer surface for cutting and removing the joint material when rotated by the core machine body; and an extension member interposed between the core machine body and the cutting member. 【0008】 Preferably, the brush bristles of the cutting device are positioned so that they form an angle of 15 to 25 degrees with respect to the tangent to the outer circumference of the cutting member in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation. The cutting device may also include a connecting jig that connects the vertical axis rail and the horizontal axis rail and tilts 15 to 25 degrees in the circumferential direction. 【0009】 To achieve the above objective, the method for cutting and removing jointing material according to the present invention is characterized by preparing the above-mentioned cutting device, positioning the cutting device so that the vertical axis rail of the cutting device extends collectively in the vertical direction of the jointing material at a position close to the outside of the jointing material to be removed, operating the core machine body to rotate the cutting member, moving the core machine body laterally along the horizontal axis rail to insert the cutting member into the jointing material from one side of the jointing material, and moving the core machine body vertically along the vertical axis rail to move the cutting member that has been moved horizontally in the vertical direction, thereby cutting and removing the jointing material in the vertical direction. 【0010】 The above cutting and removal method may further include, before performing the step of inserting a cutting member into the joint material from one side of the joint material, attaching a cutting member for cutting a pilot hole to the core machine body, operating the core machine body to rotate the cutting member for the pilot hole, moving the core machine body laterally along the horizontal axis rail, and forming a pilot hole in the joint material from one side of the joint material. 【0011】 Furthermore, the above cutting removal method may be characterized by positioning the cutting device at a location close to the outside of the joint material to be removed, such that the vertical axis rail of the cutting device extends collectively in the vertical direction of the joint material; attaching a cutting member for cutting a pilot hole to the core machine body; operating the core machine body to rotate the cutting member for the pilot hole; moving the core machine body laterally along the horizontal axis rail; forming a pilot hole in the joint material from one side of the joint material; replacing the cutting member for the pilot hole with a cutting member and extension member; inserting the cutting member and extension member from the entrance of the pilot hole to the deepest part of the pilot hole; operating the core machine body to rotate the cutting member and extension member; and moving the core machine body vertically along the vertical axis rail to move the cutting member and extension member vertically, thereby cutting and removing the joint material in the vertical direction. 【0012】 Furthermore, the above cutting and removal method may involve first cutting and removing the joint material from one side of the joint material, and then cutting and removing the joint material from the other side of the joint material. [Effects of the Invention] 【0013】 In one aspect of the present invention, the cutting apparatus, configured as described above, has brush bristles on the outer surface of the cutting member that crush the foamed plastic used as jointing material into fine particles. By moving the core machine body along the horizontal and vertical rails, it is possible to cut the jointing material in the gaps without leaving any residue. Furthermore, since the cutting apparatus and the cutting and removal method using the same do not use high-pressure water, it is possible to significantly prevent the scattering of crushed foamed plastic due to water splashing. In addition, since water curing is unnecessary, the construction period can be significantly shortened. 【0014】 By positioning the brush bristles in the opposite direction of rotation at an angle of 15 to 20 degrees with respect to the tangent to the outer circumference of the cutting member, the brush bristles, which are driven into the joint material and rotated, will not become unruly, and wear of the brush bristles can be suppressed. Furthermore, by providing a connecting jig that connects the vertical axis rail and the horizontal axis rail and tilts 15 to 25 degrees in the circumferential direction, the cutting device can perform cutting beyond the cutting area of ​​the cutting member at the upper and lower ends of the vertical axis rail on which the core machine body moves up and down, and can also appropriately respond even if there is a tilt in the orientation of the joint material in the gap. 【0015】 The above cutting removal method involves drilling a pilot hole in the joint material before inserting the cutting member into the joint material from one side of the joint material. This ensures a straight cutting trajectory, eliminating rotational wobble caused by the weight of the cutting member and enabling stable cutting. By ensuring stable cutting, wear of the brush bristles provided on the outer surface of the cutting member and / or extension member can be suppressed. 【0016】 Furthermore, the above cutting and removal method allows for efficient cutting of the joint material in the gap by inserting the cutting member and extension member from the entrance of the pre-drilled hole to the deepest part of the pre-drilled hole and moving the core machine body along the vertical axis rail. 【0017】 Furthermore, the above cutting and removal method allows for the cutting and removal of the joint material from one side of the joint material, followed by the cutting and removal of the joint material from the other side, regardless of the length of the gap. [Brief explanation of the drawing] 【0018】 [Figure 1] Side view of a cutting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] A schematic diagram showing the side bristle angle of a pair of brush bristles according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3]Front view (A1) and side view (A2) of an intermediate tube having brush bristles attached in a spiral shape according to an embodiment of the present invention, and front view (B1) and side view (B2) of a rod [Figure 4] Plan view and side view of a cutting device to which a connecting jig according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached [Figure 5] Side cross-sectional view showing a method of cutting and removing a joint material using a cutting device according to an embodiment of the present invention [Figure 6] Side cross-sectional view showing a method of forming a pilot hole in a joint material using a cutting device according to an embodiment of the present invention [Figure 7] Side cross-sectional view showing a modified example of a method of cutting and removing a joint material using a cutting device according to an embodiment of the present invention 【Mode for Carrying Out the Invention】 【0019】 Hereinafter, a cutting device and a method of using the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The joint material to be cut is a foamed plastic filled in the gap of a concrete structure, and the above structure may be either a bridge pier or a bridge column. 【0020】 As shown in FIG. 1, a cutting device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a vertical axis rail 11, a horizontal axis rail 12, a core machine body 13, a cutting member 14, and an extension member 15. 【0021】 The vertical axis rail 11 is a long rod-shaped metallic rod member extending in the vertical direction, and the length in its longitudinal direction is longer than the length in the width direction of the gap of the concrete structure. One end of the vertical axis rail 11 is connected to the base, and the other end is connected to a jack. A connecting jig 16 that is movable up and down on the rail of the vertical axis rail 11 is attached. 【0022】 The horizontal axis rail 12 is a long rod-shaped metallic rod member extending in the horizontal direction. As shown in FIG. 1, one end of the horizontal axis rail 12 is connected via the connecting jig 16 so as to extend in a direction intersecting the vertical axis rail 11 that extends in the vertical direction. 【0023】 The core machine body 13 is movably mounted on the horizontal axis rail 12 and is driven by an external power supply or battery, etc., to rotate the cutting member 14 clockwise or counterclockwise via the extension member 15. The core machine body 13 referred to here is a general-purpose core machine, and there are no particular limitations as long as it satisfies the desired rotational capacity. 【0024】 The cutting member 14 is a transversely cylindrical metal member with brush bristles 2 on its outer surface, and its longitudinal length is shorter than that of the extension member 15. The diameter of the cutting member 14 is sized to allow it to rotate freely within a narrow joint or gap. The cutting member 14 is connected to the core machine body 13 either directly or via the extension member 15, and rotates in accordance with the rotational direction of the core machine body 13 as it operates. The cutting member 14 may also be tubular or rod-shaped, and can be formed by integrating a bit with an intermediate tube or rod. 【0025】 The extension member 15 is a cylindrical or rod-shaped metal member that extends laterally, and its longitudinal length is generally between 1000 mm and 3000 mm, and can be selected to suit the desired length. The diameter of the extension member 15 is also sized to maintain rotational freedom within a narrow joint or gap. As shown in Figure 1, one end of the extension member 15 is connected to the core machine body 13, and the other end is connected to the cutting member 14. 【0026】 The extension member 15 may be in the shape of a tube or a rod, and may be equipped with brush bristles 2 on its outer surface. In the case of a tube shape, since it is lighter in weight than a rod shape, it can be connected to the core machine body 13 and rotated to cut the joint material while maintaining straightness. In contrast, the rod shape is heavier than the tube shape, so the cutting member 14, which will come into contact with the joint material while rotating, can perform stable cutting without becoming unstable. Note that the extension member described here is just one example, and there are no particular limitations as long as it satisfies the desired straightness or cutting force. 【0027】 The extension member 15 may be connected to the extension member 15 and / or the cutting member 14 by an adapter. The diameter of the adapter is such that it can rotate freely in a narrow joint or gap while the cutting member 14 and the extension member 15 are connected. The adapter may also have male or female threaded ends. 【0028】 As shown in Figure 2, the brush bristles 2 provided on the cutting member 14 and / or extension member 15 are welded at an angle θ of 15 to 25 degrees with respect to the tangent to the outer circumference of the cutting member 14 and / or extension member 15 in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the core machine body 13. When the angle θ of the brush bristles 2 is 15 degrees or less (see Figure 2A), the contact area between the brush bristles 2 and the joint material M is not high, and as a result, the joint material M cannot be cut efficiently. Also, when the angle θ of the brush bristles 2 is 25 degrees or more (see Figure 2B), when the brush bristles 2 come into contact with the joint material M, a lot of the brush bristles 2 fall off, and the wear efficiency of the brush bristles 2 is poor. And when the angle θ of the brush bristles 2 is 19 degrees (see Figure 2C), the cutting efficiency between the brush bristles 2 and the joint material M is good, and the wear of the brush bristles 2 can be suppressed. 【0029】 Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2, the brush bristles 2 may be attached to the outer circumferential surface of the cutting member 14 and / or extension member 15 by crimping them by welding in the form of a pair of brush bristles 2 positioned diagonally. By providing a pair of brush bristles 2 diagonally on the cutting member 14 and / or extension member 15, it is possible to minimize wear of the brush bristles 2 and maintain cutting efficiency. 【0030】 As shown in Figure 3, the brush bristles 2 may be attached in a spiral shape from two points on the outer surface of the cutting member 14, with a distance of about 40 mm to 50 mm from the tip of the cutting member 14. By inserting the jointing material into the tip of the cutting member 14 and attaching the brush bristles 2 in a spiral shape originating from at least one point on the outer surface of the cutting member 14, the contact area between the jointing material M and the brush bristles 2 is increased, enabling stable cutting. 【0031】 The material of brush bristles 2 may be nylon or iron, but stainless steel is most desirable. When brush bristles 2 are made of nylon, their low thermal resistance to friction makes them prone to deformation, which easily leads to a decrease in cutting performance and makes it difficult to ensure straight cutting. When brush bristles 2 are made of iron, their thermal resistance to friction is relatively high and they are less prone to deformation, but when they come into contact with concrete or other materials connected to the joint material, they often fall off from the crimped part, making it difficult to manage the lifespan of the brush bristles. In contrast, when brush bristles 2 are made of stainless steel, they have high thermal resistance and are less prone to deformation, and even when they come into contact with concrete or other materials, there is less shedding of the brush bristles. 【0032】 As shown in Figure 4, the connecting jig 16 connects the vertical axis rail 11, which extends in the vertical direction, and the horizontal axis rail 12, which extends in the horizontal direction, in a perpendicular direction, and is tilted 15 to 25 degrees circumferentially with respect to the horizontal axis rail 12. The connecting jig may be a tightening / loosening device composed of, for example, a gear mechanism, and the angle can be adjusted as appropriate by the installer tightening or loosening the connecting jig. 【0033】 A method for removing and dismantling joint material using the cutting device 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 7. 【0034】 A vertical axis rail 11 is installed on the upper surface J of the concrete structure, close to the outer edge of the joint material M, and along the exposed end of the joint material M. The vertical axis rail 11 may be connected to a base fixed with anchors, or it may be installed directly on the upper surface J of the concrete structure. The space between the vertical axis rail 11 and the lower surface K of the concrete structure is supported by jacks at a width of adjustable size. A horizontal axis rail 12, one end of which is connected to a connecting jig 16 that is movably mounted on the vertical axis rail 11, is installed so as to extend from the vertical axis rail 11 in the lateral direction (surface direction) of the joint material M. A core machine body 13, which is movably mounted laterally on the horizontal axis rail 12, is attached to the horizontal axis rail 12. An extension member 15 is connected between the cutting member 14 and the core machine body 13. The extension member 15 may have brush bristles on its outer surface similar to the brush bristles 2 provided on the cutting member 14. In that case, it is preferable that the brush bristles provided on the extension member 15 are made such that the radius of rotation of their tips is greater than the radius of rotation of the brush bristles 14 on the cutting member 14. 【0035】 As shown in Figure 5, the installed core machine body 13 is operated to rotate the cutting member 14. The core machine body 1 is moved to the right in the figure along the horizontal axis rail 12, and the cutting member 14 is inserted into the joint material M from one side. Then, the core machine body 13 is moved downward in the figure along the vertical axis rail 11, thereby moving the cutting member 14, which has been cutting horizontally, downward and cutting and removing the joint material M. After cutting and removing, the operation of the core machine body 13 is stopped, and the core machine body 13 is moved to the left along the horizontal axis rail 12. With the cutting member 14 in the downward position, the connection between the core machine body 13 and the extension member 15 is released, and the core machine body 13 and the extension member 15 are connected via another extension member 15. Next, the core machine body 13 is moved upward along the vertical axis rail 11 and waits in the position where the operation of the core machine body 13 was started. Here, the joint material M is described as being cut away from the upper end downwards, but it will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that it can also be cut away from the lower end upwards, or from an intermediate position both vertically and horizontally. 【0036】 In the above-described method for cutting and removing the joint material M, it is desirable to use a cutting member 14 in which a pair of brush bristles 2 are provided diagonally on the outer surface of the cutting member 14 in order to suppress wear of the bristles 2. Furthermore, it is desirable to use a rod-shaped extension member 15, which is heavier than a tube-shaped one. 【0037】 Referring to Figure 6, a method for cutting and removing joint material M using a cutting device 1, which is another embodiment of the present invention, will be described in detail. 【0038】 Before the process of inserting the cutting member 14 into the joint material M from one side of the joint material M as described above, the cutting member 14 is attached to the core machine body 13 via the extension member 15, and the core machine body 13 is operated to rotate the cutting member 14. The core machine body 13 is moved to the right along the horizontal axis rail 12 to form a pilot hole S in the joint material M from one side. If the pilot hole S does not reach the desired length, the operation of the core machine body 13 is stopped, and the core machine body 13 is moved to the left along the horizontal axis rail 12 to disconnect the core machine body 1 and the extension member 15. The core machine body 13 and the cutting member 14 are connected via another longer extension member 15, and the core machine body 13 is operated again to form a pilot hole S of the desired length in the joint material M. 【0039】 In the process of drilling the aforementioned pilot hole S, it is desirable to use a cutting member 14 that drills the pilot hole S such that the brush bristles 2 are attached to the outer surface of the cutting member 14 at least one point in a spiral shape, in order to enable stable cutting. Furthermore, it is desirable to use a tube-shaped extension member 15, which is lighter in weight than a rod-shaped one. 【0040】 Furthermore, a modified example of this method shown in Figure 7 will be described. After forming a pre-drilled hole S of a desired length within the joint material M described above, a cutting member 14 and an extension member 15, which have brush bristles 2 welded to their outer surfaces and are connected to the core machine body 13, are driven from the entrance to the deepest part of the pre-drilled hole S. Then, the installed core machine body 13 is operated to rotate the cutting member 14 and extension member 15, and the core machine body 13 is moved downward along the vertical axis rail 11, causing the cutting member 14 and extension member 15 to rotate and move downward, cutting and removing the joint material M. In this method, it is preferable to use rod-shaped cutting members 14 and extension members 15. With this method, it is possible to cut and remove the material from the entrance to the deepest part of the pre-drilled hole S in one go, and since there is no sagging due to the weight of the cutting member 14, it is less likely that any material will remain uncut. 【0041】 Cutting devices 1 are provided on one and the other side of the joint material M. The joint material is first cut and removed from one side of the joint material M, and then cut and removed from the other side of the joint material M. By taking this process, it becomes possible to cut and remove the joint material, such as foamed plastic, that is filled in the gap, regardless of the length of the gap. 【0042】 Furthermore, when performing the cutting and removal process, the scattering of foamed plastic can be significantly reduced by using a vacuum (not shown) to suck up the cut foamed plastic while the cutting and removal work is being carried out. 【0043】 After the cutting and removal process is complete, a rain gutter (not shown) of the desired width and length is installed in the gap where the joint material was removed. This rain gutter can be any general-purpose rain gutter; there are no particular limitations as long as it meets the desired width and length. 【0044】 1 Cutting equipment 11 Vertical axis rail 12 Horizontal rails 13 Core Unit 14 Cutting Members 15 Extension member 16. Connecting jig 2 brush bristles M Joint material J. Top surface of concrete structure K Underside of concrete structure S Leading hole

Claims

[Claim 1] A cutting device for removing a generally plate-like joint material filled between concrete members of a concrete structure, A vertical axis rail is positioned close to the outside of the joint material and is arranged to extend in the vertical direction of the joint material as a whole, A horizontal rail is connected to a vertical rail at one end so as to be able to move up and down, and is arranged so as to extend from the vertical rail in the horizontal direction of the joint material, The core machine body is freely movable laterally along a horizontal axis rail, A cutting member equipped with brush bristles on its outer surface, which is rotated by the core machine body to cut and remove joint material, An extension member interposed between the core machine body and the cutting member, A connecting jig that connects the vertical axis rail and the horizontal axis rail, and tilts 15 to 25 degrees in the circumferential direction relative to the horizontal axis rail. A cutting device, including a cutting machine. [Claim 2] The cutting device according to claim 1, wherein the brush bristles are arranged to form an angle of 15 to 25 degrees with respect to the tangent to the outer circumference of the cutting member in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation. [Claim 3] Prepare the cutting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, The cutting device is positioned so that its vertical axis rail extends in the vertical direction of the joint material, close to the outside of the joint material to be removed. The core machine body is operated to rotate the cutting member, and the core machine body is moved laterally along the horizontal axis rail to insert the cutting member into the joint material from one side of the joint material. By moving the core machine body vertically along the vertical axis rail, the cutting material that has been moved horizontally is moved vertically, thereby cutting and removing the joint material vertically. Method for cutting and removing jointing material. [Claim 4] The cutting removal method according to claim 3, further comprising the steps of: before inserting a cutting member into the joint material from one side of the joint material, attaching a cutting member for cutting a pilot hole to the core machine body, operating the core machine body to rotate the cutting member for the pilot hole, moving the core machine body laterally along a horizontal axis rail, and forming a pilot hole in the joint material from one side of the joint material. [Claim 5] Prepare the cutting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, The cutting device is positioned so that its vertical axis rail extends in the vertical direction of the joint material, close to the outside of the joint material to be removed. A cutting member for cutting a pilot hole is attached to the core machine body, the core machine body is operated to rotate the pilot hole cutting member, the core machine body is moved laterally along the horizontal axis rail, and a pilot hole is formed in the joint material from one side of the joint material. The cutting member and extension member are attached to the core machine body, and the cutting member and extension member are driven from the entrance of the pre-drilled hole to the deepest part of the pre-drilled hole. The core machine body is operated to rotate the cutting member and extension member, By moving the core machine body vertically along the vertical axis rail, the cutting member and extension member are moved vertically, thereby cutting and removing the joint material vertically. Method for cutting and removing jointing material. [Claim 6] The cutting and removal method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the joint material is cut and removed from one side of the joint material, and then the joint material is cut and removed from the other side of the joint material.

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