Sound barrier and method for constructing a sound barrier

Abstract

To provide a sound insulation wall and a method of constructing the sound insulation wall that can reduce low frequency range of noise without increasing thickness of a facing material.SOLUTION: A sound insulation wall 10 for reducing noise comprises a face member 13, a first mounting member 15 having a face portion 15a fixed to the face member 13, and a second mounting member 16 having a face portion 16a fixed to an upper fixing portion 12 different from the face member 13. Furthermore, the sound insulation wall 10 is provided with a gel member 18 that absorbs energy and attenuates sound, between a face portion 15b of the first mounting member 15 and a face portion 16b of the second mounting member 16, opposite each other .SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a sound insulation wall for reducing noise in a low frequency range and a method for constructing the sound insulation wall.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, in buildings and the like, mechanical rooms for air conditioning equipment and electrical equipment are provided. Since the noise generated in the mechanical room is large, it is necessary to prevent the noise from being transmitted to the offices around the mechanical room.

[0003] For example, FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the sound pressure level in the mechanical room and the office and the noise evaluation value corresponding to the frequency. Generally, when adopting noise evaluation values of NC-45 or NC-40 for offices, it is required to be below the reference curves of NC-45 or NC-40 at all frequencies. In this case, in the 63 Hz to 125 Hz band, since it exceeds the reference curve, it is necessary to reduce the sound in the low frequency range.

[0004] Therefore, a sound insulation wall for reducing the sound in the low frequency range has been studied (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In the sound insulation wall described in this document, glass wool and a film member in a relaxed state are arranged between two opposing gypsum boards erected on the studs.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] However, in the soundproof walls described above, it was necessary to use large, heavy surface members made by layering multiple gypsum boards in order to reduce noise. As a result, the thickness of the soundproof wall was also increased by the thickness of the layered gypsum boards. Furthermore, in such soundproof walls, it was difficult to efficiently reduce only the low-frequency range because noise was reduced not only in the low-frequency range but also in the high-frequency range. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] A sound-insulating wall that solves the above problems is a sound-insulating wall having a surface member and reducing noise, comprising: a first mounting member with one end fixed to the surface member; a second mounting member with one end fixed to a rigid member different from the surface member; and an energy absorber provided between the first mounting member and the second mounting member, which slides in the direction of vibration of the surface member when there is noise, and absorbs energy. Here, the absorber may be a part of the first mounting member and the second mounting member, and is not limited to the case where the absorber is provided separately from the first mounting member and the second mounting member. Furthermore, a method for constructing a sound-insulating wall that solves the above problems is a method for constructing a sound-insulating wall that reduces noise from a surface member whose end is fixed to a building structure, wherein a first mounting member is provided with one end fixed to the surface member, and an energy absorber is placed between the first mounting member, which slides in the direction of vibration of the surface member when there is noise, and a second mounting member is provided with one end fixed to a rigid member different from the surface member. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the low-frequency range of noise without increasing the thickness of the surface material. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0009] [Figure 1] This is a front cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of a sound barrier in an embodiment. [Figure 2] This is a perspective view illustrating the configuration of a sound barrier test specimen in an embodiment. [Figure 3]This graph shows the experimental results obtained from a test specimen of the sound barrier in the embodiment. [Figure 4] This is a plan view of the main part illustrating the configuration of the sound barrier in the first modified example. [Figure 5] This is a front cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the main part of the sound barrier in the second modified example. [Figure 6] This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the sound pressure levels corresponding to the frequency bands of conventional machine rooms and offices. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0010] Below, an embodiment illustrating a sound barrier and a method for constructing it will be described using Figures 1 to 3. Here, the description will focus on a sound barrier installed around a machine room or similar structure. The sound-insulating wall 10 shown in Figure 1 comprises a surface member 13, a first mounting member 15 and a second mounting member 16 of an L-shape, and a gel member 18 as an absorbent.

[0011] The lower and upper ends of the surface member 13 are fixed to the lower fixing part 11 and upper fixing part 12, which are the building structure, respectively, by bolts (not shown) or the like. For example, gypsum board is used as the surface member 13. In this case, the surface member 13 vibrates significantly in the direction perpendicular to the surface when noise is generated, relative to the lower fixing part 11 and upper fixing part 12. For this reason, the lower fixing part 11 and upper fixing part 12 function as rigid members that do not vibrate, and the surface member 13 functions as a vibrating part.

[0012] One end of the first mounting member 15 is provided on the surface of the surface member 13 opposite to the indoor side (left side in the figure), which is the noise source. Specifically, one surface portion (one end) 15a of the first mounting member 15 is in contact with the surface member 13 and fixed by a bolt (not shown) or the like. At this time, the other surface portion 15b of the first mounting member 15 is arranged as a horizontal plane extending in direction A1.

[0013] One surface portion (one end portion) 16a of the second attachment member 16 is fixed to the upper fixing portion 12 by a bolt (not shown) or the like. The other surface portion 16b of the second attachment member 16 is arranged to be spaced apart and opposed to the surface portion 15b of the first attachment member 15. Thereby, the first attachment member 15 and the second attachment member 16 are arranged to face each other so that the surface member 13 can slide in the direction A1 in which it vibrates when receiving noise. Note that the surface portions 15b and 16b correspond to the first surface portion and the second surface portion, respectively.

[0014] A gel member 18 is provided between the surface portion 15b of the first attachment member 15 and the surface portion 16b of the second attachment member 16. As this gel member 18, for example, a self-adhesive urethane gel having a thickness of 5 mm is used.

[0015] Also, the sound insulation wall 10 described above is constructed as follows. First, the lower end portion and the upper end portion of the surface member 13 are fixed to the lower fixing portion 11 and the upper fixing portion 12. Next, after fixing the surface portion 15a of the first attachment member 15 to the surface member 13, the gel member 18 is placed on the surface portion 15b of the first attachment member 15. Then, with the surface portion 16b in contact with the gel member 18, the surface portion 16a of the second attachment member 16 is fixed to the upper fixing portion 12.

[0016] (Experiment using a test specimen) Next, a noise reduction experiment using a test specimen 20 to which the configuration of the sound insulation wall 10 described above is applied will be described.

[0017] First, the configuration of the test specimen 20 will be described using FIG. 2. The test specimen 20 includes a frame member 20a corresponding to the housing. This frame member 20a functions as a non-vibrating portion, and a rectangular space is formed in the center. And in this space, an iron plate 23 which is a vibrating portion is arranged. This iron plate 23 is a surface member and is fixed to the four sides of the frame member 20a by a bolt (not shown) or the like. Here, since the iron plate 23 is a plate member thinner than the frame member 20a, a step occurs between the vertical surface of the iron plate 23 and the vertical surface of the frame member 20a.

[0018] The lower end and the upper end of the second attachment member 26 are fixed to the lower part 21 and the upper part 22 of the frame member 20a by bolts (not shown) or the like. Specifically, the second attachment member 26 is an L-shaped angle and has two facing portions 26a and 26b extending in the vertical direction. The lower end and the upper end of one facing portion 26a of the second attachment member 26 are fixed to the lower part 21 and the upper part 22 by bolts (not shown) or the like. Here, long holes extending in the horizontal direction are provided at the upper end and the lower end of the facing portion 26a, and bolts are inserted through these long holes. By changing the position of the bolts with respect to the long holes, the second attachment member 26 can be configured to be movable in the horizontal direction.

[0019] One facing portion 25a of the L-shaped angle first attachment member 25 is fixed to the iron plate 23 by bolts (not shown) or the like. The other facing portion 25b of the first attachment member 25 is arranged to face the facing portion 26b of the second attachment member 26. A space of about 5 mm is provided between the facing portion 25b of the opposing first attachment member 25 and the facing portion 26b of the second attachment member 26. And a gel member 28 is arranged in this space. The gel member 28 has a natural length of 5 mm in thickness and has self-adhesive properties that become thinner when pressurized.

[0020] In the experiment of this embodiment, the thickness of the gel member 28 was changed by pressurizing the gel member 28, and an experiment on the sound insulation performance of the sound insulation wall 10 was conducted. Here, by changing the positional relationship between the long hole provided in the facing portion 26a of the second attachment member 26 and the bolt, the size of the space between the facing portion 25b and the facing portion 26b is narrowed. By narrowing the space in this way, the gel member 28 is pressurized.

[0021] FIG. 3 shows the experimental results using the test body 20 of FIG. 2. As shown in Figure 3, the configuration with the gel member 28 exhibits higher sound insulation performance in the low-frequency range (frequency band of 31.5 Hz to 63 Hz) compared to the configuration without the gel member. Furthermore, the sound insulation performance changes when the gel member 28 is compressed by pressure. In this experiment, the configuration in which the 5 mm thick gel member 28 was compressed to a thickness of 3 mm or 2 mm showed higher sound insulation performance in the frequency band of 50 to 80 Hz.

[0022] (action) In the sound-insulating wall 10 of this embodiment shown in Figure 1, a gel member 18 is provided between the surface portion 15b of a first mounting member 15, which has its surface portion 15a fixed to a surface member 13, and the surface portion 16b of a second mounting member 16, which has the end of its surface portion 16a fixed to an upper fixing portion 12. When the surface member 13 vibrates due to noise transmitted in direction M1, the displacement causes the gel member 18 to slide in direction A1. This sliding deforms the gel member 18, and the vibration energy is absorbed by the gel member 18. Therefore, since the gel member 18 can be slid in direction A1, the sound transmission loss in the low-frequency range where the displacement is large can be improved.

[0023] According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. (1) In this embodiment, the sound-insulating wall 10 is provided with a gel member 18 between the surface portion 15b of the first mounting member 15 fixed to the surface member 13 and the surface portion 16b of the second mounting member 16 whose end is fixed to the upper fixing portion 12. As a result, when sound is transmitted through the surface member 13, the sound energy is converted into deformation or heat of the gel member 18, thereby reducing low-frequency sounds. Therefore, low-frequency sounds can be reduced efficiently.

[0024] (2) In this embodiment, the first mounting member 15 and the second mounting member 16 are made of L-shaped angles. By making the surfaces 15b and 16b of the L-shaped angles face each other, a space for placing the gel member 18 can be formed with a simple configuration that extends in the amplitude direction perpendicular to the surface member 13 (the vibration direction of the surface member 13). Therefore, the gel member 18 can be greatly deformed in the vibration direction of the surface member 13, and sound energy can be absorbed efficiently.

[0025] (3) In this embodiment, the soundproof wall 10 is constructed by fixing a first mounting member 15 to a surface member 13 fixed to a lower fixing part 11 and an upper fixing part 12, and placing a gel member 18 on the first mounting member 15. Then, with the surface portion 15b of the second mounting member 16 in contact with the gel member 18, the surface portion 16a of the second mounting member 16 is fixed to the upper fixing part 12. This makes it possible to construct the soundproof wall 10 with simple construction.

[0026] This embodiment can be implemented with the following modifications. This embodiment and the following modifications can be combined with each other to the extent that they do not contradict each other technically. In the above embodiment, the sound-insulating wall 10 has a second mounting member 16 that sandwiches the gel member 18 together with the first mounting member 15 fixed to the upper fixing part 12. The second mounting member is not limited to being fixed to the upper fixing part, but can be attached to a member with different rigidity (rigid member) than the first mounting member, as long as the gel member deforms when the surface member receives sound and functions as a damper that absorbs sound energy. For example, the second mounting member may be fixed to the lower fixing part 11 or to a horizontal member that extends laterally, such as a beam, or it may be fixed to a column member. Furthermore, in a sound-insulating wall composed of two spaced-apart surface members, the first mounting member and the second mounting member may be attached to different surface members, respectively.

[0027] Specifically, Figure 4 shows a plan view of the modified soundproof wall 30. The soundproof wall 30 has a first wall member 31 and a second wall member 33 that is spaced apart from and opposite to the first wall member 31. The first wall member 31 is made by bonding two gypsum boards together. In this soundproof wall 30, the first wall member 31 and the second wall member 33 function as surface members or rigid members.

[0028] Multiple damper mechanisms are provided in the space S1 between the first wall member 31 and the second wall member 33. These damper mechanisms include a first mounting member 35, a second mounting member 36, and a gel member 38. The first mounting member 35 and the second mounting member 36 are made of lip channel steel (C-shaped steel) and are base members for fixing the first wall member 31 and the second wall member 33, respectively. One flange of the first mounting member 35 is fixed to the first wall member 31 by a bolt (not shown), and one flange of the second mounting member 36 is fixed to the second wall member 33 by a bolt (not shown). As a result, the web 35w of the first mounting member 35 and the web 36w of the second mounting member 36 are arranged to face each other. The gel member 38 is placed between the opposing webs 35w and 36w.

[0029] In the construction method for this soundproof wall 30, first, the first mounting member 35 is erected at a distance from each other, and then the first wall member 31 is installed. Next, the second mounting member 36 is erected. At this time, the webs 35w and 36w are placed facing each other, and the gel member 38 is sandwiched between them. After that, the second wall member 33 is attached to the second mounting member 36.

[0030] Even in the sound barrier 30 with the above-described configuration, when sound propagates from outside the first wall member 31 or the second wall member 33, the deformation of the gel member 38 and the heat generated absorb the sound energy, so the sound barrier 30 can block low-frequency sounds and suppress their transmission. Here, a space for arranging the gel member 38 that extends in the direction A2 in which the first wall member 31 or the second wall member 33 that receives the noise vibrates is formed by facing the webs 35w and 36w of the first and second mounting members 35 and 36. Therefore, the gel member 38 can be deformed in direction A2 to absorb sound energy, and low-frequency sounds can be reduced.

[0031] In the sound-insulating wall 10 of the above embodiment, a gel member 18 of natural length is provided between the first mounting member 15 and the second mounting member 16. The gel member provided between the first mounting member and the second mounting member may be pressurized, or the pressure applied to this gel member may be adjustable. In the former case, a pressurizing mechanism may be provided to apply a predetermined constant pressure to the gel member. In the latter case, as shown in the test specimen 20, an elongated hole may be provided in at least one of the first mounting member and the second mounting member to change the size of the gap in which the gel member is placed.

[0032] Furthermore, in the latter case, a pressurizing mechanism may be provided to apply pressure to the gel member 58 in an adjustable manner, such as the damper mechanism 50 shown in Figure 5, from the surface of the first mounting member 45 and the surface of the second mounting member 46 to the gel member 58. Specifically, the damper mechanism 50 includes a first mounting member 45 provided on the surface member 13, a second mounting member 46 attached to the housing, a gel member 58, and a pressure adjustment mechanism. The pressure adjustment mechanism includes a bolt B1, nuts N1, N2, and plate members P1, P2. The first mounting member 45 and the second mounting member 46 are made of L-shaped angles, and matching holes 45h, 46h are provided in their opposing surface portions 45b, 46b. The gel member 58 is then attached around these holes 45h, 46h so as to span the first mounting member 45 and the second mounting member 46. Furthermore, plate members P1 and P2, each having a hole formed in them, are placed on the upper and lower surfaces of the gel member 58. The shaft of the bolt B1 is then passed through the holes 45h and 46h and the holes in the plate members P1 and P2, and its tip is secured with two nuts N1 and N2. This allows the pressure applied to the gel member 58 to be changed by tightening the nuts N1 and N2 on the bolt B1. In this case as well, since the gel member 58 slides in the direction A3 of the vibrations that the surface member 13 experiences due to noise, low-frequency noise can be absorbed. Furthermore, since the pressure applied to the gel member 58 can be changed, the sound insulation performance can be adjusted.

[0033] In the sound-insulating wall 10 of the above embodiment, the energy-absorbing material is made of a gel member 18. The absorbent material is not limited to a gel member 18, and for example, a material made of rubber, a material with irregularities formed on its surface, a material made of an elastomer such as urethane, or a friction material that generates frictional force when moved while rubbing can be used. Furthermore, the surfaces of the first mounting member and the second mounting member may be used as a friction material (absorbent) without providing a material between them. When using metal as the friction material, it is preferable to insert a Teflon® sheet in between to suppress the generation of squeaking noises. Furthermore, the absorber was provided between the surface portions 15b and 16b that extend in the vibration direction (horizontal direction) of the surface member. The absorber may be provided in an inclined direction other than horizontal, as long as it is between the first mounting member and the second mounting member that slide in the vibration direction of the surface member, or it may be provided in a linear shape other than the surface portion.

[0034] Next, the technical concepts that can be understood from the above embodiments and alternative examples are described below. (a) The sound-insulating wall according to claim 2, wherein the absorber is provided between the first surface of the first mounting member and the second surface of the second mounting member and is subject to pressure from the first surface and the second surface. (b) The sound-insulating wall according to claim 1, 2, or (a), characterized in that the second mounting member is attached to another second surface member spaced apart from the surface member, and the absorber is provided between the surface member and the second surface member. (c) The sound-insulating wall according to (b), characterized in that the first mounting member and the second mounting member are base members that fix the surface member and the second surface member, respectively. [Explanation of symbols]

[0035] A1, A2, A3... Direction, B1... Bolt, N1, N2... Nut, P1, P2... Plate member, S1... Space, 10, 30... Sound barrier, 11... Lower fixing part, 12... Upper fixing part as rigid member, 13... Surface member, 15, 25, 35, 45... First mounting member, 15a, 16a, 25a, 26a... Surface part as one end, 15b, 25b, 45b... Surface part as the first surface, 16b, 26b, 46b... Second Surface portion as a surface, 16, 26, 36, 46... second mounting members, 18, 28, 38, 58... gel members as absorbents, 20... test specimen, 20a... frame member, 21... lower part, 22... upper part, 23... steel plate, 31... first wall member as a surface member or rigid member, 33... second wall member as a surface member or rigid member, 35w, 36w... web, 45h, 46h... holes, 50... damper mechanism portion having a pressurizing mechanism.

Claims

1. A sound-insulating wall that reduces noise, having a surface member as a vibrating part with an upper end and a lower end fixed to a rigid member as a non-vibrating part, A first mounting member, one end of which is fixed within the surface of the back surface of the aforementioned surface member, A second mounting member, one end of which is fixed to the rigid member, or to a member connected to the rigid member and having rigidity as a non-vibrating part, A sound-insulating wall characterized by comprising an energy-absorbing body provided between a first mounting member and a second mounting member, which slide in the direction of vibration of the surface member during noise.

2. The sound-insulating wall according to claim 1, further comprising a pressurizing mechanism that applies pressure from the first mounting member and the second mounting member to the absorber.

3. A method for constructing a sound-insulating wall that reduces noise from a surface member, which is a vibrating part, having its upper and lower ends fixed to a frame, which is a rigid member, which is a non-vibrating part, A first mounting member is provided, with one end fixed within the surface of the back surface of the aforementioned surface member. A method for constructing a sound-insulating wall, characterized in that an energy-absorbing body is placed between the rigid member or a member connected to the rigid member and having rigidity as a non-vibrating part, and an energy-absorbing body is placed between the rigid member and the first mounting member which slides in the direction of vibration of the surface member when noise occurs.

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