Floating concrete block structure and method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a floatable concrete block structure which is manufactured by fabricating individual concrete blocks on land, and then assembling and binding the individual concrete blocks underwater or on the water surface, in which a buoyancy chamber for an aggregate is formed inside using a first concrete block and a second concrete block, the inflow of water into the buoyancy chamber for the aggregate is blocked by a first watertight packing, and the first concrete block and the second concrete block are connected to each other by concrete pillars.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a floating concrete block structure that is manufactured to float on the water surface, sink into the water after floating, and float back to the water surface after sinking into the water, and a method for manufacturing the same.

Background Art

[0002] In a situation where interest in natural resources is increasing, wind power generation for producing electricity using wind is recognized as a valuable alternative energy source. Wind power generation is a method of generating electricity using a wind turbine, and it is preferably installed in a place where the air flow is not blocked.

[0003] Conventional onshore wind turbines have often been installed in mountains and highland areas where the air flow can be maximally ensured, but there is a limit to effectively producing energy due to obstacle factors such as hills, forests, and buildings.

[0004] For this reason, in recent years, attempts have been actively made to install wind turbines offshore where there are no above-mentioned obstacle factors. However, the installation of a foundation structure for supporting the wind turbine is involved, and there is a limit in that wind power generation structures can only be installed along the coast with a water depth of 25 m or less.

[0005] On the other hand, most of the offshore wind resources occur in deep waters with a water depth of 50 m or more, so there is a limit to securing satisfactory energy by installing wind power generation structures only along the coast. [[ID=

[0006] Therefore, recently, active attempts have been made to install wind power generation structures in the open sea with a water depth of 50 m or more. As such an attempt, a semi-submersible offshore wind power generation platform using steel materials applicable to the open sea has been installed, modeled on an offshore oil and gas production platform.

[0007] However, using steel presented several problems: it was expensive, susceptible to corrosion from saltwater, and vulnerable to hoop stress caused by seawater pressure.

[0008] On the other hand, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2009-018671 proposes a prior art document related to a semi-submersible platform for offshore wind power generation.

[0009] In this prior art document, a floating body made of concrete was formed to overcome the durability problems inherent in steel materials.

[0010] In addition to the purposes mentioned above, offshore concrete structures are manufactured and used for a variety of other purposes. Marine concrete structures may include concrete structures that float on the water surface, such as wind power generation platforms, or concrete structures that are submerged in water for purposes such as breakwaters and anchors.

[0011] Generally, large concrete structures are typically constructed using a caisson structure. When large concrete structures are manufactured on land, their weight makes it extremely difficult to move them out to sea.

[0012] To address these problems, a method of fabricating large, buoyant concrete structures on large barges has recently been employed. However, this method is considered difficult to commercialize due to the inconvenience of fabricating the concrete structures on the barge, as well as the need to use expensive large barges for very long periods of time. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0013] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2009-018671 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0014] The present invention was made to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and its purpose is to provide a concrete block structure and a method for manufacturing the same, which does not require the use of a large barge, and in which individual concrete blocks are manufactured on land, and then assembled and bound together in water or on the water surface. [Means for solving the problem]

[0015] To solve the above problems, a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to one aspect of the present invention includes: a first concrete block manufacturing step of manufacturing a first concrete block including a first concrete block body having a bottom surface for a buoyancy chamber formed on its upper surface, and a first watertight packing arranged on the upper surface of the first concrete block body in a manner that surrounds the bottom surface for the buoyancy chamber; a second concrete block manufacturing step of manufacturing a second concrete block including a second concrete block body having a second buoyancy chamber with an open bottom and a plurality of through-holes for second columns extending in the vertical direction; a first concrete block installation step of submerging the first concrete block in water after the first concrete block manufacturing step; and after the second concrete block manufacturing step and the first concrete block installation step, installing the second concrete block on top of the first concrete block to form a concrete block assembly, and the second The method includes: a second concrete block installation step in which a buoyancy chamber for a concrete block is formed in the concrete block assembly by a second buoyancy chamber of the concrete block and the bottom surface for the buoyancy chamber of the first concrete block, with the first watertight packing positioned between the first concrete block and the second concrete block to block the inflow of water into the buoyancy chamber from the outside; a concrete column forming step in which, after the second concrete block installation step, a concrete column is formed along the through-hole for the second column to connect the first concrete block and the second concrete block to each other, thereby forming a concrete block structure in which the first concrete block and the second concrete block are connected to each other by the concrete column; and a buoyancy chamber draining step in which, after the concrete column forming step, water is drained from the buoyancy chamber for the assembly to cause the concrete block structure to float on the water surface by the buoyancy of the buoyancy chamber for the assembly.

[0016] In the above, the first concrete block includes a plurality of column reinforcing bar assemblies that extend vertically upward from a lower end connected to the inside of the first concrete block body and protrude from the top of the first concrete block body; in the second concrete block installation step, the second concrete block is installed on top of the first concrete block so that the column reinforcing bar assemblies of the first concrete block are inserted into the second column through-holes of the second concrete block, and a concrete column through-hole with a closed lower end is formed in the concrete block assembly by the second column through-holes of the second concrete block and the first concrete block; after the second concrete block installation step, a column drainage step is added to remove water from the concrete column through-hole; and in the concrete column forming step, after the column drainage step, concrete is poured into the concrete column through-hole to form the concrete column in which the column reinforcing bar assemblies and the poured concrete are integrated; this is preferable.

[0017] A method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to another aspect of the present invention includes: a first concrete block manufacturing step of manufacturing a first concrete block including a first concrete block body having a first buoyancy chamber with an open top surface formed on its upper part, and a first watertight packing arranged on the upper surface of the first concrete block body in a manner that surrounds the first buoyancy chamber; a second concrete block manufacturing step of manufacturing a second concrete block including a second concrete block body having a second buoyancy chamber with an open bottom surface formed thereon and a plurality of vertically extending through-holes for second columns formed thereon; a first concrete block floating step of making the first concrete block float on the water surface after the first concrete block manufacturing step; and a step of making the first concrete block float on the water surface after the second concrete block manufacturing step and the first concrete block floating step. The method includes: a second concrete block installation step in which the second concrete block is installed in the section to form a concrete block assembly, the second buoyancy chamber of the second concrete block and the first buoyancy chamber of the first concrete block are in communication with each other, a buoyancy chamber for the assembly with a closed lower end is formed in the concrete block assembly, and the first watertight packing is located between the first concrete block and the second concrete block to block the inflow of water into the buoyancy chamber for the assembly from the outside; and a concrete column forming step in which, after the second concrete block installation step, a concrete column is formed along the through-hole for the second column to connect the first concrete block and the second concrete block to each other, thereby forming a concrete block structure in which the first concrete block and the second concrete block are connected to each other by the concrete column.

[0018] In the above, the first concrete block includes a plurality of column reinforcing bar assemblies that extend vertically upward from a lower end connected to the inside of the first concrete block body and protrude from the top of the first concrete block body; in the second concrete block installation step, the second concrete block is installed on top of the first concrete block so that the column reinforcing bar assemblies of the first concrete block are inserted into the second column through-holes of the second concrete block, and a concrete column through-hole with a closed lower end is formed in the concrete block assembly by the second column through-holes of the second concrete block and the first concrete block; in the concrete column forming step, concrete is poured into the concrete column through-hole to form the concrete column in which the column reinforcing bar assemblies and the poured concrete are integrated; this is preferable.

[0019] In the above, the first concrete block body is provided with a plurality of first temporary screw bolts that extend vertically upward from a lower end connected to the interior of the first concrete block body and protrude from the upper part of the first concrete block body, and are arranged in a manner that surrounds the first buoyancy chamber; the second concrete block body is provided with a plurality of second bolt fastening spaces, including a second bolt through-hole extending in the vertical direction and a second nut mounting groove formed above the second bolt through-hole and having a cross-sectional area wider than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second bolt through-hole; in the second concrete block installation step, the first temporary screw bolts of the first concrete block are inserted into the second bolt fastening spaces of the second concrete block, and the nuts are positioned in the second nut mounting grooves while being fastened to the first temporary screw bolts, thereby temporarily connecting the second concrete block to the first concrete block.

[0020] In the above, in the first concrete block floating step, a plurality of the first concrete blocks are arranged continuously in the horizontal direction; in the second concrete block installation step, a plurality of the second concrete blocks are arranged continuously in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of second concrete blocks arranged continuously in the horizontal direction can be placed on top of one of the first concrete blocks.

[0021] The two methods for manufacturing the aforementioned floating concrete block structures may further include the following features:

[0022] The second buoyancy chamber is configured to extend vertically with its upper and lower surfaces open; a third concrete block manufacturing step is added to manufacture a third concrete block body which includes a third concrete block body having a plurality of vertically extending through-holes for third columns and a ceiling surface for a buoyancy chamber that covers the upper part of the second buoyancy chamber on its lower surface; after the second concrete block installation step and the third concrete block manufacturing step, a third concrete block installation step is added to install the third concrete block on top of the second concrete block; the concrete column forming step forms the concrete column along the through-holes for second and third columns, thereby forming the concrete block structure in which the first concrete block, the second concrete block, and the third concrete block are connected to each other by the concrete column.

[0023] The second buoyancy chamber extends vertically and has an open upper and lower surface; after the concrete column forming step, an additional step of forming an upper concrete layer on top of the second concrete block to cover the upper part of the buoyancy chamber for the assembly may be added.

[0024] Further, the second buoyancy chamber extends in the vertical direction with both its upper and lower surfaces being open; the second concrete block is provided with a second watertight packing disposed in a form surrounding the second buoyancy chamber on the upper surface of the second concrete block body; in the step of installing the second concrete block, a plurality of the second concrete blocks are installed in multiple stages on the upper part of the first concrete block, and the second watertight packing is positioned between the second concrete blocks adjacent to each other vertically and can block the inflow of water from the outside into the aggregate buoyancy chamber.

[0025] The floating concrete block structure manufactured according to the present invention includes a first concrete block including a first concrete block body having a bottom surface for a buoyancy chamber formed on its upper surface, a second buoyancy chamber with an open lower surface, and a second concrete block body having a plurality of through-holes for second columns extending in the vertical direction to form an aggregate buoyancy chamber with a closed lower end together with the bottom surface for the buoyancy chamber of the first concrete block, a second concrete block installed on the upper part of the first concrete block, and a first watertight packing positioned between the first concrete block and the second concrete block to block the inflow of water from the outside into the aggregate buoyancy chamber; and a concrete column formed along the through-holes for the second columns to connect the first concrete block and the second concrete block to each other.

[0026] In the above, it is preferable that a first buoyancy chamber with an open upper surface is formed on the upper part of the first concrete block body, the first buoyancy chamber includes the bottom surface for the buoyancy chamber, and the first buoyancy chamber forms the aggregate buoyancy chamber together with the second buoyancy chamber.

[0027] In the above, the first concrete block includes a plurality of column reinforcing bar assemblies that extend vertically upward from a lower end connected to the inside of the first concrete block body and protrude from the upper part of the first concrete block body, the column reinforcing bar assemblies are inserted into the second column through-hole of the second concrete block, the second column through-hole of the second concrete block and the concrete column through-hole closed at the lower end by the first concrete block form the concrete block assembly, and the concrete column is preferably formed by the concrete poured into the concrete column through-hole being integrated with the column reinforcing bar assemblies.

[0028] In the above, the first watertight packing includes a first inner watertight packing that surrounds the buoyancy chamber for the assembly, and a first outer watertight packing that is located outside the first inner watertight packing and surrounds the first inner watertight packing, and it is preferable that the plurality of column reinforcing bar assemblies are located between the first inner watertight packing and the first outer watertight packing.

[0029] In the above, the second buoyancy chamber extends vertically and has an open upper and lower surface, the concrete block assembly includes a third concrete block body having a plurality of vertically extending through-holes for third columns and covering the upper part of the buoyancy chamber for the assembly, and includes a third concrete block installed on top of the second concrete block, and the concrete column can be formed along the through-holes for the second column and the through-holes for the third column in order to connect the first concrete block, the second concrete block and the third concrete block to each other.

[0030] In the above, the second buoyancy chamber extends vertically and has an open upper and lower surface, and may further include superimposed concrete formed on the upper part of the second concrete block so as to cover the upper part of the buoyancy chamber for the assembly.

[0031] In the above, the second buoyancy chamber extends vertically and has an open upper and lower surface, the second concrete block is installed in multiple stages on top of the first concrete block, and the concrete block assembly may include a second watertight packing located between the vertically adjacent second concrete blocks to block the inflow of water from the outside into the buoyancy chamber for the assembly.

[0032] In the above, a first column space for forming the concrete column is formed in the first concrete block body, and the concrete column can be formed along the first column space and the second column through-hole in order to connect the first concrete block and the second concrete block to each other.

[0033] In the above, the second buoyancy chamber extends vertically and has an open upper and lower surface, a third concrete block or superimposed concrete covering the upper part of the buoyancy chamber for the assembly is provided on top of the second concrete block, and a buoyancy adjustment device may be provided to adjust the buoyancy of the buoyancy chamber for the assembly by draining the water from the buoyancy chamber for the assembly to the outside or by letting water into the buoyancy chamber for the assembly.

[0034] In the above, the buoyancy chamber for the assembly can be used as a space for filling with packing material. [Effects of the Invention]

[0035] As described above, the present invention does not require the use of large barges and can be transported on land due to its modular, assembleable block form, thus significantly reducing the manufacturing cost of offshore concrete structures compared to conventional methods.

[0036] Furthermore, since the majority of the manufacturing work is carried out underwater or on the water's surface, the large site required for the on-land production of large concrete blocks is unnecessary.

[0037] Furthermore, the concrete block structures manufactured according to this invention can be used while floating on the water surface, move while floating, sink after being moved and then used, and float again after sinking, allowing for free movement. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0038] [Figure 1] This is a cross-sectional view of a first concrete block used in a floating concrete block structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] Figure 1 is a perspective view. [Figure 3] This is a cross-sectional view of a second concrete block used in a floating concrete block structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] Figure 3 is a perspective view. [Figure 5] This is a cross-sectional view of a third concrete block used in a floating concrete block structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] Figure 5 is a perspective view. [Figure 7] This figure sequentially illustrates a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] This figure sequentially illustrates a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] This figure sequentially illustrates a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] This figure sequentially illustrates a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] This figure sequentially illustrates a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] This figure sequentially illustrates a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13]This figure shows the usage configuration of a concrete block structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 14] This figure shows another use of the concrete block structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 15] This figure shows the transformed form of Figure 12. [Figure 16] Figure 14 shows a concrete block structure, and Figure 15 shows an example of applying the concrete block structure. [Figure 17] This figure shows other variations of Figure 12. [Figure 18] This figure shows other variations of Figure 17. [Figure 19] This is a cross-sectional view of a first concrete block used in a floating concrete block structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 20] Figure 19 is a perspective view. [Figure 21] Figures 19 and later show a cross-sectional view of the state in which the extended reinforcing bar assembly is attached to the first concrete block. [Figure 22] Figures 21 and later are cross-sectional views showing the state in which the guide pole is detachably connected to the first concrete block. [Figure 23] Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view of the guide pole. [Figure 24] This is a cross-sectional view along line AA in Figure 23. [Figure 25] This is a cross-sectional view of a second concrete block used in a floating concrete block structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 26] Figure 25 is a perspective view. [Figure 27] This figure sequentially illustrates a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 28] This figure sequentially illustrates a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 29] This figure sequentially illustrates a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 30] This figure sequentially illustrates a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 31] This figure sequentially illustrates a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 32] This figure sequentially illustrates a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 33] This figure sequentially illustrates a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 34] This figure sequentially illustrates a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 35] This is a conceptual cross-sectional view of a first concrete block used in a floating concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 36] Figure 35 is a conceptual perspective view. [Figure 37] This is a conceptual cross-sectional view of a second concrete block used in a floating concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 38] Figure 37 is a conceptual perspective view. [Figure 39] This is a conceptual cross-sectional view of another second concrete block used in a floating concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 40] Figure 39 is a conceptual perspective view. [Figure 41] This is a conceptual cross-sectional view of a third concrete block used in a floating concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 42] Figure 41 is a conceptual perspective view. [Figure 43] This figure sequentially illustrates a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 44] This figure sequentially illustrates a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 45] This figure sequentially illustrates a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 46] This figure sequentially illustrates a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 47] This figure sequentially illustrates a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 48] This is a conceptual cross-sectional view of a floating concrete block structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 49] This is a conceptual perspective view showing a portion of the stacked structure of the first, second, and third concrete blocks used in Figure 48, separated from the rest of the structure. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0039] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that they can be easily implemented by a person with ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. However, the present invention can be realized in a variety of different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Furthermore, in order to clearly illustrate the present invention in the drawings, parts that are not relevant to the description have been omitted, and similar parts have been denoted by similar reference numerals throughout the specification.

[0040] Throughout the specification, when a part of it "includes" a certain component, this means that, unless otherwise specifically stated, it may include other components rather than excluding them.

[0041] First, a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0042] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a first concrete block used in a floating concrete block structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a perspective view of Figure 1, Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a second concrete block used in a floating concrete block structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 is a perspective view of Figure 3, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a third concrete block used in a floating concrete block structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 is a perspective view of Figure 5, and Figures 7 to 12 are diagrams sequentially showing the manufacturing method of a floating concrete block structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] (1) First concrete block fabrication step In this embodiment, a first concrete block 110 is manufactured as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The first concrete block 110 includes a first concrete block body 111 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape. A first buoyancy chamber 111a is formed in the upper central part of the first concrete block body 111, and the first buoyancy chamber 111a has an open top and a closed bottom. The first buoyancy chamber 111a includes a bottom surface 111a-1 for the buoyancy chamber. In this embodiment, one first buoyancy chamber 111a is formed, and it is rectangular in shape when viewed from above. However, depending on the embodiment, multiple first buoyancy chambers 111a may be formed, and the planar shape can also be modified in various ways. Along the edge of the first buoyancy chamber 111a, multiple spaces 111b for the first column are formed on the upper part of the first concrete block body 111. In other words, the multiple first column spaces 111b are arranged in a manner that surrounds the first buoyancy chamber 111a. In this embodiment, the space 111b for the first column is a truncated cone-shaped through-hole extending in the vertical direction. A square ring-shaped groove for the first packing, 111c, is formed on the upper surface of the first concrete block body 111, surrounding the first buoyancy chamber 111a, and a first watertight packing 112 is provided in the first packing groove 111c. The first concrete block 110 may be manufactured on land or on a large barge.

[0044] (2) Second concrete block fabrication step In this embodiment, a second concrete block 120 as shown in Figures 3 and 4 is manufactured. The second concrete block 120 includes a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped second concrete block body 121. The second concrete block body 121 has a second buoyancy chamber 121a and a plurality of through-holes 121b for the second column formed along the edge of the second buoyancy chamber 121a. The second buoyancy chamber 121a extends vertically and has an open top and bottom. The through-hole 121b for the second column also extends vertically and has an open top and bottom. The second buoyancy chamber 121a preferably has a configuration corresponding to the configuration of the first buoyancy chamber 111a. In this embodiment, the second buoyancy chamber 121a is rectangular in shape, and the through-hole 121b for the second column is cylindrical, but their shapes can be varied in various ways. A groove 121c for a second packing is formed on the upper surface of the second concrete block body 121, and a second watertight packing 122 is provided in the second packing groove 121c. The groove 121c for the second packing and the second watertight packing 122 are formed in a square ring shape that surrounds the second buoyancy chamber 121a.

[0045] (3) Third concrete block fabrication step In this embodiment, a third concrete block 130 is manufactured as shown in Figures 5 and 6. The third concrete block 130 includes a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped third concrete block body 131. A ceiling surface 131a for the buoyancy chamber is formed in the center of the lower surface of the third concrete block body 131, and multiple through-holes 131b for the third column are formed along the edge of the ceiling surface 131a for the buoyancy chamber. In this embodiment, the through-hole 131b for the third column is formed in the shape of an inverted truncated cone. Furthermore, the third concrete block body 131 has a work hole 131c formed in it so as to communicate with the ceiling surface 131a for the buoyancy chamber. Depending on the embodiment, the work opening 131c may be fitted with a door that can be opened, closed, and sealed.

[0046] (4) First concrete block installation step After the first concrete block fabrication step, the first concrete block 110 is submerged in water as shown in Figure 7.

[0047] (5) Second concrete block installation step After the second concrete block manufacturing step and the first concrete block installation step, the second concrete block 120 is installed on top of the first concrete block 110 as shown in Figure 8 to form the concrete block assembly 100A. In this embodiment, the second concrete block 120 is installed in a single layer on top of the first concrete block 110. However, depending on the embodiment, multiple second concrete blocks 120 may be installed in multiple layers on top of the first concrete block 110. In this way, a buoyancy chamber 140 for the concrete block assembly is formed in the concrete block assembly 100A that is formed by the installation of the second concrete block 120, with the lower end closed. In Figure 8, the buoyancy chamber 140 for the aggregate is formed by the second buoyancy chamber 121a of the second concrete block 120 and the first buoyancy chamber 111a, which includes the bottom surface 111a-1 for the buoyancy chamber of the first concrete block 111, with the upper end open. In the concrete block assembly 100A, the first watertight packing 112 is located between the first concrete block body 111 and the second concrete block body 121 to block the inflow of water from the outside into the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly. In other words, in the state shown in Figure 8, water is present inside the buoyancy chamber 140 for the concrete block assembly 100A, but the first watertight packing 112 prevents water from flowing into the buoyancy chamber 140 for the concrete block assembly.

[0048] (6) Third concrete block installation step After the third concrete block manufacturing step and the second concrete block installation step, the concrete block assembly 100A is completed by installing the third concrete block 130 on top of the second concrete block 120, as shown in Figure 9. In the concrete block assembly 100A, the second watertight packing 122 is located between the second concrete block body 121 and the third concrete block body 131 to block the inflow of water from the outside into the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly. The third concrete block 130 covers the upper part of the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly. In the completed concrete block assembly 100A, the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly is completely enclosed at the top and bottom by the second buoyancy chamber 121a of the second concrete block 120, the bottom surface 111a-1 for the buoyancy chamber of the first concrete block 110, and the top surface 131a for the buoyancy chamber of the third concrete block 130. Furthermore, the first column space 111b of the first concrete block 110, the second column through-hole 121b of the second concrete block 120, and the third column through-hole 131b of the third concrete block 130 are in communication with each other to form a concrete column through-hole 150.

[0049] (7) Concrete column formation step After the third concrete block installation step, a concrete column 160 is formed in the through-hole 150 for the concrete column. Specifically, concrete columns 160 are formed along the first column space 111b of the first concrete block 110, the second column through-hole 121b of the second concrete block 120, and the third column through-hole 131b of the third concrete block 130, thereby forming a concrete block structure 100B in which the first concrete block 110, the second concrete block 120, and the third concrete block 130 are connected to one another by the concrete columns 160. In this embodiment, the concrete column 160 is constructed by inserting the concrete column forming portion into the concrete column through-hole portion 150. The concrete column forming section includes a column reinforcing steel assembly 161 that extends in the vertical direction, a waterproof membrane 162 that encloses the lower and side portions of the column reinforcing steel assembly 161, and unhardened concrete 163 (referred to as "fresh concrete") injected into the waterproof membrane 162. When such a concrete column forming section is inserted into the concrete column through-hole 150, the pressure of the unhardened concrete 163 causes the waterproof membrane 162 to adhere tightly to the first, second, and third concrete blocks 110, 120, and 130, while the unhardened concrete 163 is cured, thereby forming a concrete column 160 that extends vertically in the concrete block assembly 100A. Such processes are described in more detail in Korean Patent No. 10-2022339, "Method for constructing underwater concrete block structures" (registered September 10, 2019), which is integrated herein, so a detailed explanation is omitted here. As shown in Figure 10, the space 111b for the first column is frustoconical in shape, and the through-hole 131b for the third column is inverted frustoconical in shape. Therefore, the concrete column 160 has a structure that prevents the first concrete block 110, the second concrete block 120, and the third concrete block 130 from separating from each other. In this embodiment, the first column space 111b is formed in the first concrete block 110, but this is only one embodiment. If the first concrete block 110 does not have a space 111b for the first column, but rather has a binding projection that protrudes into the interior of the through-hole 121b for the second column, and concrete columns 160 are formed in the through-hole 121b for the second column of the second concrete block 120 and the through-hole 131b for the third column of the third concrete block 130, and the concrete columns 160 are connected to the binding projection of the first concrete block 110, then similarly, a concrete block structure 100B can be formed in which the first concrete block 110, the second concrete block 120 and the third concrete block 130 are connected to each other by the concrete columns 160. At this step, water is still present inside the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly.

[0050] (8) Buoyancy chamber drainage step for manifold After the concrete column formation step, a drainage step for the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly is performed to remove the water from the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly, as shown in Figure 11. A drainage system 170, including a drainage pump 171 and a drainage hose 172, is installed in the concrete block structure 100B. When the drainage pump 171 is operated, the water in the buoyancy chamber 140 for the manifold is discharged to the outside via the drainage system 170. On the other hand, since the first watertight packing 112 and the second watertight packing 122 prevent water from flowing into the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly from the outside, this step results in the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly being water-free. When the water in the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly is drained in this manner, the concrete block structure 100B floats to the water surface due to the buoyancy of the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly, as shown in Figure 12. This completes the construction of concrete block structure 100B. In this embodiment, the explanation is based on the assumption that the drainage device 170 is temporarily installed, but in some embodiments, the drainage device 170 may be permanently installed on the concrete block structure 100B for the function of a buoyancy control device. Figure 13 shows the usage configuration of the concrete block structure 100B, demonstrating that it can be used by installing an offshore wind power generation device on top of the concrete block structure 100B. In Figure 13, the concrete block structure 100B is shown floating on the water. However, by filling the buoyancy chamber 140 for the concrete block structure 100B with water, the concrete block structure 100B can also support the offshore wind power generation device while submerged in water. Furthermore, by using a buoyancy adjustment device to drain water from the buoyancy chamber 140 for the submerged concrete block structure 100B, the concrete block structure 100B will float on the water. In this state, the concrete block structure 100B can be repaired or moved to another location. Figure 14 shows other uses of the concrete block structure 100B. This diagram further includes a moving step and a structure settling step for the use of the concrete block structure 100B. - Movement step; First, a concrete block structure 100B is fabricated in shallow water and floated to the surface (100B-a). Then, the floating concrete block structure 100B-a is moved to another location (a deeper water location where it is to be installed) by a ship or the like (100B-b). Alternatively, before floating the concrete block structure 100B, the offshore wind power generation equipment can be pre-installed on top of the concrete block structure 100B, and the concrete block structure 100B can be used for the installation and relocation of the offshore wind power generation equipment. -Structural settlement steps: After the moving step, sand, gravel, or sandstone filler material 141 is placed into the buoyancy chamber 140 for the concrete block structure 100B-b to submerge the concrete block structure 100B-b in water. In other words, the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly can be used as both a space for receiving buoyancy and a space for filling with the filling material 141. When the filling material 141 is filled into the buoyancy chamber 140 for the aggregate, the concrete block structure 100B-b loses its buoyancy and sinks into the water. The concrete block structure 100B-c, submerged in water in this manner, can be used as an underwater concrete block structure. Figure 15 shows a modified form of Figure 12. This figure shows that two buoyancy chambers 140 for the aggregate can be formed. In other words, the number of buoyancy chambers 140 for the aggregate can be varied depending on the embodiment. Furthermore, this diagram shows that the work hole 131c is closed after the drainage step, so that the work hole 131c is not formed in the third concrete block 130. Figure 16 shows an example of applying the concrete block structure 100B-14 from Figure 14 and the concrete block structure 100B-15 from Figure 15. In particular, the concrete block structure 100B-15 was designed to float to the water surface as shown in Figure 15, then be moved elsewhere (to a deeper location where it was to be installed) by a ship or the like, and then moored by the concrete block structure 100B-14. In particular, Figure 16 shows that the orientation of concrete block structure 100B-15 can be rotated 90 degrees and moored by concrete block structure 100B-14. Furthermore, an offshore wind power generation device will be installed on top of the concrete block structure 100B-15. Figure 17 shows another variation of Figure 12. In this modified example, the second concrete block 120 is installed in multiple layers. Here, the second watertight packing 122 is located between the second concrete blocks 120 which are installed adjacent to each other vertically, blocking the inflow of water from the outside into the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly. Figure 18 shows a modified form of Figure 17. This modified example demonstrates that a concrete block structure 100B can be formed using the first concrete block 110 and the second concrete block 120 without the third concrete block 130. In this configuration, the buoyancy chamber 140 for the aggregate is open at the top. Furthermore, the second column penetration opening 121b of the second concrete block 120 located at the very top has an inverted truncated cone shape.

[0051] Next, a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0052] Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view of a first concrete block used in a floating concrete block structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention, Figure 20 is a perspective view of Figure 19, Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view of the state in which an extension reinforcing bar assembly is connected to the first concrete block as shown in Figure 19 and later, Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view of the state in which a guide pole is detachably connected to the first concrete block as shown in Figure 21 and later, Figure 23 is a cross-sectional view of the guide pole in Figure 22, Figure 24 is a cross-sectional view along line AA in Figure 23, Figure 25 is a cross-sectional view of a second concrete block used in a floating concrete block structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention, Figure 26 is a perspective view of Figure 25, and Figures 27 to 34 are diagrams sequentially showing the method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] (1) First concrete block fabrication step In this embodiment, the first concrete block manufacturing step proceeds in the order shown in Figures 19 and 21. First, a first concrete block 110 is manufactured as shown in Figures 19 and 20. The first concrete block 110 includes a first concrete block body 111 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape, as shown in Figure 20. A first buoyancy chamber 111a is formed in the center of the upper surface of the first concrete block body 111. Furthermore, the first concrete block body 111 is provided with multiple spare reinforcing bar assemblies 113-1 and multiple block-side couplers 114 along the edge of the first buoyancy chamber 111a. In this embodiment, 14 spare rebar assemblies 113-1 are provided, and a block-side coupler 114 is provided for each spare rebar assembly 113-1. The spare reinforcing bar assembly 113-1 has its lower end connected to the inside of the first concrete block body 111 (specifically, the internal reinforcing bars of the first concrete block body 111), and extends vertically upward from its lower end, protruding from the top of the first concrete block body 111. As shown in Figure 21, the extension reinforcement assembly 113-2 is connected to the pre-reinforcement assembly 113-1, so that the pre-reinforcement assembly 113-1 and the extension reinforcement assembly 113-2 together form the column reinforcement assembly 113. The block-side coupler 114 is provided in a manner that surrounds the pre-reinforcement assembly 113-1. In this embodiment, the block-side coupler 114 is pipe-shaped, with a preliminary reinforcing bar assembly 113-1 arranged inside, and male threads 114a formed on its outer surface. Two first packing grooves 111c are formed on the upper surface of the first concrete block body 111, and a first watertight packing 112 is provided for each first packing groove 111c. The groove 111c for the first packing and the first watertight packing 112 are formed in the shape of a square ring that surrounds the first buoyancy chamber 111a. On the other hand, the first watertight packing 112 can be divided into a first inner watertight packing 112-1 that surrounds the bottom surface 111a for the buoyancy chamber, and a first outer watertight packing 112-2 that is located outside the first inner watertight packing 112-1 and surrounds the first inner watertight packing 112-2. Multiple pre-reinforcement assemblies 113-1 are located between the first inner watertight packing 112-1 and the first outer watertight packing 112-2. As shown in Figure 19, after the first concrete block 110 is manufactured, the extension reinforcing bar assembly 113-2 is connected to the preliminary reinforcing bar assembly 113-1 as shown in Figure 21 to complete the manufacturing of the first concrete block 110. As a result, the first concrete block 110 includes the first concrete block body 111, the first watertight packing 112, the column reinforcing bar assembly 113, and the block-side coupler 114.

[0054] (2) Guide pole installation step After the first concrete block manufacturing step, the guide pole 180 is detachably connected to the block-side coupler 114 of the first concrete block 110, as shown in Figure 22. As shown in Figures 23 and 24, the guide pole 180 includes a guide pipe 181, an upper insertion guide portion 182, a pipe-side coupler 183, a third watertight packing 184, and a drain pipe 185. The guide pipe 181 is pipe-shaped and extends vertically, with a hollow structure extending vertically along its interior, and its upper and lower ends are open. Therefore, the column reinforcing bar assembly 113 can be inserted along the inside of the guide pipe 181. A drain hole 181a is formed at the lower end of the guide pipe 181. The upper insertion guide portion 182 has an upwardly tapered shape at the upper end of the guide pipe 181. The upper insertion guide section 182 is for guiding the installation of the second concrete block 120, which will be described later. The pipe-side coupler 183 is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the lower end of the guide pipe 181 and is intended to be detachably connected to the block-side coupler 114 of the first concrete block 110. For this purpose, the pipe-side coupler 183 has a female thread 183a formed thereon that is screwed onto the male thread 114a of the block-side coupler 114. In this embodiment, a screw connection is shown as an example for detachably connecting the pipe-side coupler 183 and the block-side coupler 114, but detachable coupling structures can be applied in a wide variety of ways. The third watertight packing 184 is provided at the lower end of the guide pipe 181 and is intended to block the inflow of water from the outside into the guide pipe 181 when the guide pole 180 is coupled to the block-side coupler 114, that is, when the pipe-side coupler 183 is screwed onto the block-side coupler 114. When the pipe-side coupler 183 of the guide pole 180 is screwed onto the block-side coupler 114, the third watertight packing 184 can tightly adhere to the first concrete block 110, blocking the inflow of water into the guide pipe 181. The drain pipe 185 is a pipe that extends vertically from inside the guide pole 180, with the lower end of the drain pipe 185 communicating with the outside through a drain hole 181a formed in the lower end of the guide pipe 181, and the upper end of the drain pipe 185 extending to the upper end of the guide pole 180. In this embodiment, the drain pipe 185 extends vertically while closely adhering to the inner circumferential surface of the guide pipe 181. As shown in Figure 22, when the guide pole 180 is connected to the block-side coupler 114, the first concrete block 110 can be placed in the water. In some cases, the guide pole 180 can be manufactured in such a form that it is simply placed on top of the first concrete block 110, in which case the guide pole installation step may be performed after the first concrete block installation step.

[0055] (3) Second concrete block fabrication step In this embodiment, a second concrete block 120 is manufactured as shown in Figures 25 and 26. The second concrete block 120 includes a rectangular parallelepiped second concrete block body 121. The second concrete block body 121 has a second buoyancy chamber 121a and a plurality of through-holes 121b for the second column formed along the edge of the second buoyancy chamber 121a. The second buoyancy chamber 121a has a shape that extends in the vertical direction, and the through-hole 121b for the second column also has a shape that extends in the vertical direction. Two second packing grooves 121c are formed on the upper surface of the second concrete block body 121, and a second watertight packing 122 is provided for each second packing groove 121c. The groove 121c for the second packing and the second watertight packing 122 are formed in a square ring shape that surrounds the second buoyancy chamber 121a. The second watertight packing 122 can be divided into a second inner watertight packing 122-1 that surrounds the second buoyancy chamber 121a, and a second outer watertight packing 122-2 that is located outside the second inner watertight packing 122-1 and surrounds the second inner watertight packing 122-2. Multiple through-holes 121b for the second column are located between the second inner watertight packing 122-1 and the second outer watertight packing 122-2. The through-hole 121b for the second column has a diameter larger than the diameter of the guide pipe 181.

[0056] (4) First concrete block installation step After the first concrete block fabrication step and the guide pole installation step, the first concrete block 110 is submerged in water as shown in Figure 27. In other words, after the guide pole 180 is installed on the first concrete block 110 as shown in Figure 22, the first concrete block 110 is placed in the water as shown in Figure 27. As shown in Figure 27, the third watertight packing 184 is tightly fitted to the first concrete block 110, blocking the inflow of water into the guide pole 180. Furthermore, the upper end of the guide pole 180 protrudes above the water surface. Therefore, in this embodiment, the column reinforcement assembly 113 does not come into contact with seawater due to the guide pole 180. Thus, there is no risk of the column reinforcement assembly 113 corroding due to contact with seawater.

[0057] (5) Second concrete block installation step After the second concrete block manufacturing step and the first concrete block installation step, as shown in Figure 28, the second concrete block 120 is installed on top of the first concrete block 110 to form a concrete block assembly 100A. As shown in Figure 28, the second concrete block 120 is installed such that the column reinforcement assembly 113 of the first concrete block 110, which is installed underwater, is inserted into the second column penetration opening 121b of the second concrete block 120. In this way, a buoyancy chamber 140 for the concrete block assembly is formed in the concrete block assembly 100A that is formed by the installation of the second concrete block 120, with the lower end closed. The buoyancy chamber 140 for the aggregate is formed by the second buoyancy chamber 121a of the second concrete block 120 and the first buoyancy chamber 111a of the first concrete block 111, and its upper end is open. In the concrete block assembly 100A, the first watertight packing 112 is located between the first concrete block body 111 and the second concrete block body 121 to block the inflow of water from the outside into the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly, and the second watertight packing 122 is located between the two second concrete block bodies 121 that are positioned adjacent to each other vertically to block the inflow of water from the outside into the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly. In other words, although water is present in the buoyancy chamber 140 for the concrete block assembly 100A, the first watertight packing 112 and the second watertight packing 122 prevent water from flowing into the buoyancy chamber 140 for the concrete block assembly. The installation process of the second concrete block 120 will be explained in more detail. The second concrete block 120 is lowered from top to bottom so that the guide pole 180 installed on the first concrete block 110 is inserted into the second column penetration opening 121b of the second concrete block 120. At this time, the upper insertion guide portion 182 of the guide pole 180 is easily inserted into the second column through-hole 121b of the second concrete block 120, while guiding the mounting position of the second concrete block 120. Such processes are described in more detail in Korean Patent No. 10-2022339, "Method for constructing underwater concrete block structures" (registered September 10, 2019), which is integrated herein, so a detailed explanation is omitted here. As shown in Figure 28, multiple second concrete blocks 120 can be installed in multiple layers on top of the first concrete block 110, or in another embodiment, the second concrete blocks 120 can be installed in a single layer on top of the first concrete block 110. In this way, the concrete block assembly 100A formed by the installation of the second concrete block 120 has a concrete column through-hole 150 with a closed lower end. The through-hole 150 for the concrete column is formed by the second column penetration opening 121b of the second concrete block 120 and the first concrete block 110. In the concrete block assembly 100A, the first watertight packing 112 is located between the first concrete block body 111 and the second concrete block body 121 to block the inflow of water from the outside into the concrete column through-hole 150, and the second watertight packing 122 is located between the upper and lower second concrete block bodies 121 to block the inflow of water from the outside into the concrete column through-hole 150. In other words, in the concrete block assembly 100A, water is present in the concrete column through-hole 150, but there is no water inside the guide pole 180. Water is present only in the space outside the guide pole 180, and the first watertight packing 112 and the second watertight packing 122 prevent water from flowing into the concrete column through-hole 150.

[0058] (6) Drainage step for column After the second concrete block installation step, a column drainage step is performed to remove water from the concrete column through-hole 150, as shown in Figure 29. For this purpose, a drainage device 170, including a drainage pump 171 and a drainage hose 172, is connected to the upper end of the drainage pipe 185, and the water in the concrete column through-hole 150 is discharged to the outside through the drainage pipe 185 and the drainage device 170 when the drainage pump 171 is operated. On the other hand, because the first watertight packing 112 and the second watertight packing 122 prevent water from flowing into the concrete column through-hole 150 from the outside, this step results in the concrete column through-hole 150 being water-free. In this embodiment, only the water in the external space of the guide pole 180 is drained from inside the through-hole 150 for the concrete column, which significantly reduces drainage time. In some embodiments, the guide pole 180 may not be used. In this case, there is the inconvenience of having to insert a drain hose or the like down to the bottom of the concrete column through-hole 150, and since the inside of the concrete column through-hole 150 is filled with water, the drainage work takes a relatively long time.

[0059] (8) Guide pole removal step After the column drainage step, a guide pole removal step is performed to remove the guide pole 180, as shown in Figure 30. Rotate the guide pole 180 so that the screw connection between the pipe-side coupler 183 and the block-side coupler 114 is released, and then detach the guide pole 180 upwards and remove it.

[0060] (9) Concrete column formation step After the guide pole removal step, as shown in Figure 31, unhardened concrete 163 is poured into the through-hole 150 for the concrete column, thereby forming a concrete column 160 in which the column reinforcement assembly 113 and the poured unhardened concrete 163 are integrated within the through-hole 150 for the concrete column. At this time, there is no water present in the through-hole 150 for the concrete column, and there is no risk of unhardened concrete 163 leaking to the outside due to the first watertight packing 112 and the second watertight packing 122, so a separate waterproof membrane is not required. In other words, the placement of unhardened concrete 163 can be carried out in the same environment as on land. On the other hand, the upper end of the column reinforcement assembly 113 does not form the concrete column 160, but protrudes from the top of the concrete column 160. In other words, the column reinforcement assembly 113 of the first concrete block 110 has a length that allows it to pass through the concrete column through-hole 150 and protrude above the concrete column through-hole 150.

[0061] (10) Step to form the superimposed concrete After the concrete column formation step, as shown in Figure 32, the concrete block structure 100B is completed by forming a superimposed concrete 190 on top of the concrete block assembly 100A. At this time, the upper end of the column reinforcement assembly 113 that protrudes from the top of the concrete column through-hole 150 is connected to the internal reinforcement of the superimposed concrete 190. The superimposed concrete 190 covers the upper part of the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly. In other words, in the concrete block structure 100B, the buoyancy chamber 140 for the aggregate is sealed by the second buoyancy chamber 121a of the second concrete block 120, the bottom surface 111a for the buoyancy chamber of the first concrete block 110, and the superimposed concrete 190. On the other hand, the superimposed concrete 190 has work holes 191 for draining the buoyancy chamber 140 for the manifold, etc.

[0062] (11) Buoyancy chamber drainage step After the concrete column formation step, a buoyancy chamber drainage step is performed to remove the water from the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly, as shown in Figure 33. A drainage system 170, including a drainage pump 171 and a drainage hose 172, is installed in the concrete block structure 100B. When the drainage pump 171 is operated, the water in the buoyancy chamber 140 for the manifold is discharged to the outside via the drainage system 170. On the other hand, since the first watertight packing 112 and the second watertight packing 122 prevent water from flowing into the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly from the outside, this step results in the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly being water-free. When the water in the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly is drained in this manner, the concrete block structure 100B floats to the water surface due to the buoyancy of the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly, as shown in Figure 34. As described above, the underwater concrete block structure 100B has a very robust structure, with the lower end of the column reinforcement assembly 113 connected to the first concrete block 110 and the upper end of the column reinforcement assembly 113 connected to the superimposed concrete 190. In other words, the concrete column 160, the first concrete block 110, and the superimposed concrete 190 can be integrally formed by the column reinforcement assembly 113.

[0063] Next, a method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0064] Figure 35 is a conceptual cross-sectional view of a first concrete block used in a floating concrete block structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention; Figure 36 is a conceptual perspective view of Figure 35; Figure 37 is a conceptual cross-sectional view of a second concrete block used in a floating concrete block structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention; Figure 38 is a conceptual perspective view of Figure 37; Figure 39 is a conceptual cross-sectional view of another second concrete block used in a floating concrete block structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention; Figure 40 is a conceptual perspective view of Figure 39; Figure 41 is a conceptual cross-sectional view of a third concrete block used in a floating concrete block structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention; Figure 42 is a conceptual perspective view of Figure 41; and Figures 43 to 47 are diagrams sequentially showing the manufacturing method of a floating concrete block structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] (1) First concrete block fabrication step In this embodiment, a first concrete block 110 is manufactured as shown in Figures 35 and 36. The first concrete block 110 includes a first concrete block body 111 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape. A first buoyancy chamber 111a is formed in the first concrete block body 111. Along the edge of the first buoyancy chamber 111a, multiple spaces 111b for the first column are formed on the upper part of the first concrete block body 111. In this embodiment, the space 111b for the first column is a truncated cone-shaped groove with an open top. In this embodiment, the first packing groove 111c is divided into a first inner packing groove 111c-1 and a first outer packing groove 111c-2, and the first watertight packing 112 is divided into a first inner watertight packing 112-1 and a first outer watertight packing 112-2. The groove for the first inner packing 111c-1 and the first inner watertight packing 112-1 are configured to surround the first buoyancy chamber 111a inside the first column space 111b, and the groove for the first outer packing 111c-2 and the first outer watertight packing 112-2 are configured to surround the first buoyancy chamber 111a and the first inner watertight packing 112-1 outside the groove for the first inner packing 111c-1, the first inner watertight packing 112-1 and the first column space 111b. The first inner watertight packing 112-1 and the first outer watertight packing 112-2 are each in the shape of a square ring that surrounds the first buoyancy chamber 111a. The first concrete block body 111 is provided with a plurality of first temporary screw bolts 115 in a manner that surrounds the first buoyancy chamber 111a. The first temporary screw bolt 115 extends vertically upward from its lower end, which is connected inside the first concrete block body 111, and protrudes from the upper part of the first concrete block body 111. In Figures 1 and 2, the first buoyancy chamber 111a is depicted as excessively small for the sake of clarity (to adequately represent the other components), and the first buoyancy chamber 111a is large enough for the first concrete block 110 to float on the water surface.

[0066] (2) Second concrete block fabrication step In this embodiment, a second concrete block 120 is manufactured, and the second concrete block is divided into a second-first concrete block 120-1 as shown in Figures 37 and 38, and a second-second concrete block 120-2 as shown in Figures 39 and 40. The second concrete blocks 120-1 and 120-2 include a rectangular parallelepiped second concrete block body 121. A second buoyancy chamber 121a is formed in the second concrete block body 121. Similar to the first concrete block 110, the second packing groove 121c is divided into a second inner packing groove 121c-1 and a second outer packing groove 121c-2, and the second watertight packing 122 is divided into a second inner watertight packing 122-1 and a second outer watertight packing 122-2. The second concrete block body 121 is provided with a plurality of second temporary screw bolts 125 in a manner that surrounds the second buoyancy chamber 121a. The second temporary screw bolt 125 extends vertically upward from its lower end, which is connected inside the second concrete block body 121, and protrudes from the upper part of the second concrete block body 121. On the other hand, the second concrete block body 121 has a plurality of second bolt fastening spaces 124 formed in a manner that surrounds the second buoyancy chamber 121a. Each second bolt fastening space 124 includes a second bolt opening 124a extending vertically into the second concrete block body 121, and a second nut mounting groove 124b formed above the second bolt opening 124a and having a larger cross-sectional area than the second bolt opening 124a. The second temporary screw bolt 125 and the second bolt fastening space 124 shown in Figures 37 and 38 are conceptually represented for ease of understanding. Furthermore, as can be seen from Figures 38 and 40, the second-first concrete block 120-1 and the second-second concrete block 120-2 are identical in all other respects, except for the arrangement of the second temporary screw bolt 125 and the second bolt fastening space 124.

[0067] (3) Third concrete block fabrication step In this embodiment, a third concrete block 130 is manufactured as shown in Figures 41 and 42. The third concrete block 130 includes a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped third concrete block body 131. Multiple third bolt fastening spaces 134 are formed in the third concrete block body 131 in a manner that surrounds the ceiling surface 131a for the buoyancy chamber. Each third bolt fastening space 134 includes a third bolt through-hole 134a extending vertically into the third concrete block body 131, and a third nut mounting groove 134b formed above the third bolt through-hole 134a and having a wider cross-sectional area than the cross-sectional area of ​​the third bolt through-hole 134a.

[0068] (4) First concrete block floating step After the first concrete block fabrication step, the first concrete block 110 is made to float on the water surface as shown in Figure 43. At this time, the first concrete block 110 floats on the water surface due to the buoyancy of the first buoyancy chamber 111a. Typically, the first concrete block 110 is manufactured on land and then installed so that it floats on the water surface, as shown in Figure 43. Depending on the circumstances, an auxiliary buoyancy material (not shown) can be attached to the first concrete block 110 to increase its buoyancy.

[0069] (5) Second concrete block installation step After the second concrete block manufacturing step and the first concrete block floating step, as shown in Figures 44 and 45, the second-first concrete block 120-1 and the second-second concrete block 120-2 are placed on top of the first concrete block 110 which is floating on the water surface to form a concrete block assembly 100A. In this way, in the concrete block assembly 100A formed by the installation of the second concrete blocks 120-1 and 120-2, the second buoyancy chamber 121a of the second-first concrete block 120-1, the second buoyancy chamber 121a of the second-second concrete block 120-2, and the first buoyancy chamber 111a of the first concrete block 110 are in communication with each other, forming a buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly with a closed lower end. In Figures 44 and 45, the top surface of the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly is open. In the concrete block assembly 100A, the second watertight packing 122 is located between the second concrete block body 121 and the second concrete block body 121 to block the inflow of water from the outside into the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly. In particular, as shown in Figure 45, the first concrete block body 111 is located below the water surface, yet the first watertight packing 112 prevents water from flowing into the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly from the outside, allowing the concrete block assembly 100A to float. However, in such a concrete block assembly 100A, the first concrete block body 111 and the second concrete block body 121 are not completely bonded to each other, so if subjected to a large impact from the outside, water can flow between the first concrete block body 111 and the second concrete block body 121. To prevent such problems, it is preferable to temporarily connect the first concrete block body 111 and the second concrete block body 121, and the second concrete block body 121 and the second concrete block body 121 to each other. This will be explained based on Figure 44. After installing the second-first concrete block 120-1 so that the first temporary screw bolt 115 of the second concrete block 110 is inserted into the second bolt fastening space 124 of the second-first concrete block 120-1, a washer 171 is attached to the upper end of the first temporary screw bolt 115 and the nut 172 is fastened. The fastened nut 172 and washer 171 are located in the second nut mounting groove 124b. This temporarily connects the first concrete block body 111 and the second concrete block body 121. Such temporary connections are sufficient if they allow the concrete block structure to withstand external impacts during its construction. Similarly, in Figure 45, the second-first concrete block 120-1 and the second-second concrete block 120-2 are temporarily joined by a second temporary screw bolt 125, a washer 171, and a nut 172.

[0070] (6) Third concrete block installation step After the third concrete block manufacturing step and the second concrete block installation step, the third concrete block 130 is installed on top of the second-second concrete block 120-2, as shown in Figure 46, thereby completing the form of the concrete block assembly 100A. In the completed concrete block assembly 100A, the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly is completely enclosed at the top and bottom by the second buoyancy chamber 121a of the second concrete blocks 120-1 and 120-2, the first buoyancy chamber 111a of the first concrete block 110, and the ceiling surface 131a for the buoyancy chamber of the third concrete block 130. Furthermore, the first column space 111b of the first concrete block 110, the second column through-hole 121b of the second concrete blocks 120-1 and 120-2, and the third column through-hole 131b of the third concrete block 130 are in communication with each other to form a concrete column through-hole 150. Furthermore, the second temporary screw bolt 125 is inserted into the third bolt fastening space 134, and a washer 171 and a nut 172 are fastened to the upper end of the second temporary screw bolt 125, thereby temporarily joining the second-second concrete block 120-2 and the third concrete block 130.

[0071] (7) Concrete column formation step After the third concrete block installation step, a concrete column 160 is formed in the concrete column through-hole 150, as shown in Figure 47. Specifically, a concrete column 160 is formed along the first column space 111b of the first concrete block 110, the second column through-hole 121b of the second concrete blocks 120-1 and 120-2, and the third column through-hole 131b of the third concrete block 130, thereby forming a concrete block structure 100B in which the first concrete block 110, the second concrete blocks 120-1 and 120-2, and the third concrete block 130 are connected to each other. On the other hand, the through-hole 150 for the concrete column is located between the first inner watertight packing 112-1 and the first outer watertight packing 112-2, and between the second inner watertight packing 122-1 and the second outer watertight packing 122-2, thereby preventing leakage of unhardened concrete 163. As shown in Figure 47, the space 111b for the first column is frustoconical in shape, and the through-hole 131b for the third column is inverted frustoconical in shape. Therefore, the concrete column 160 has a structure that reliably prevents the first concrete block 110, the second concrete blocks 120-1 and 120-2, and the third concrete block 130 from separating from each other. Once the concrete column 160 is formed, the first, second, and third concrete blocks 110, 120, and 130 can remain bound together by the concrete column 160 even in a rough marine environment, and even if the first temporary fastening bolts 125, etc., corrode and become damaged, the bound state can be maintained.

[0072] The techniques described in the second embodiment can be applied to the modified form of the third embodiment. In other words, the parts of the second embodiment that differ from the first embodiment are applied to the third embodiment, and a modified form of the third embodiment can be presented.

[0073] For example, in a modified form of the third embodiment, the first concrete block may include a plurality of column reinforcing bar assemblies that extend vertically upward from their lower ends connected to the interior of the first concrete block body and protrude from the upper part of the first concrete block body.

[0074] Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0075] Figure 48 is a conceptual cross-sectional view of a floating concrete block structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 49 is a conceptual perspective view partially separated to show the stacked configuration of the first concrete block, second concrete block, and third concrete block used in Figure 48.

[0076] The concrete block structure in Figure 48 is floating on the water's surface.

[0077] In Figure 49, the concrete column 160 is not shown for the sake of clarity.

[0078] The first concrete block 110 has four first buoyancy chambers 111a formed within it.

[0079] Furthermore, multiple first concrete blocks 110 are made to float on the water surface so that they are arranged continuously in all four directions horizontally (front-to-back and left-to-right directions).

[0080] The second concrete block 120 also has four second buoyancy chambers 121a formed within it.

[0081] Multiple second concrete blocks 120 are placed on top of the first concrete blocks 110, which are floating on the water surface, and the second concrete blocks 120 are also arranged continuously in all four directions horizontally.

[0082] Furthermore, each second concrete block 120 is positioned in the center of four adjacent second concrete blocks 120. Thus, one second buoyancy chamber 121a is connected to the first buoyancy chamber 111a of one of the first concrete blocks 110, and the other second buoyancy chamber 121a is connected to the first buoyancy chamber 111a of the other first concrete block 110.

[0083] Therefore, multiple (four in this embodiment) second concrete blocks 120 are installed horizontally in a continuous manner on top of one first concrete block 110.

[0084] Furthermore, multiple third concrete blocks 130 are also provided and installed on top of the second concrete blocks 120 which are floating on the water surface, and are arranged continuously in all four directions horizontally.

[0085] Furthermore, one third concrete block 130 is connected to four second concrete blocks 120 located below it.

[0086] After the first, second, and third concrete blocks 110, 120, and 130 are installed in this manner, a concrete column 160 is formed.

[0087] This embodiment demonstrates that the concrete block structure can have a very wide horizontal structure.

[0088] Therefore, this concrete block structure has no special restrictions on its vertical or horizontal dimensions, making it possible to easily manufacture very large structures like this.

[0089] On the other hand, depending on the embodiment, a buoyancy adjustment device (not shown) may be provided to adjust the buoyancy of the buoyancy chamber 140 for the aggregate.

[0090] The buoyancy adjustment device can adjust the buoyancy of the buoyancy chamber 140 by either discharging water from the buoyancy chamber 140 to the outside or by introducing water into the buoyancy chamber 140.

[0091] When the buoyancy of the buoyancy chamber 140 for the assembly is adjusted in this way, the concrete block structure can either float to the surface of the water like a submarine or sink underwater.

[0092] Depending on the circumstances, the concrete block structure may be fitted with buoyancy-enhancing tubes or the like to provide further buoyancy, and depending on the circumstances, the concrete block structure may also be fitted with propulsion devices or the like to enable it to move on the water surface on its own.

[0093] As described above, the present invention allows for the manufacture of concrete block structures without using large barges or by using large barges for a very short period of time, thus making the manufacturing cost very economical.

[0094] Furthermore, the concrete blocks that make up the concrete block structure can be transported by land, and the installation work is simplified, thereby reducing overall construction costs.

[0095] Furthermore, in the first and second embodiments, since most of the concrete block structure fabrication work is carried out underwater, work at heights is unnecessary, and the work can be performed in a relatively safe environment.

[0096] The above-described description of the present invention is illustrative, and a person with ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains will understand that it can be readily modified into other specific forms without altering the technical concept or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood to be illustrative and not limiting in all respects. For example, each component described as a single type may be implemented in a distributed manner, and similarly, components described as distributed may be implemented in a combined manner.

[0097] The scope of the present invention is indicated more by the claims described below than by the detailed description above, and all modifications or variations derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and the concept of equivalents thereto should be interpreted as being included within the scope of the present invention. [Industrial applicability]

[0098] The floating concrete block structure according to the present invention can be used for a wide variety of applications, including floating breakwaters, wind / tidal power generation platforms, and as an alternative to conventional large caissons.

Claims

1. A first concrete block manufacturing step, which involves manufacturing a first concrete block including a first concrete block body having a bottom surface for a buoyancy chamber formed on its upper surface, and a first watertight packing arranged on the upper surface of the first concrete block body in a manner that surrounds the bottom surface for the buoyancy chamber, A second concrete block manufacturing step involves manufacturing a second concrete block, which includes a second concrete block body having a second buoyancy chamber with an open bottom and multiple through-holes for second columns extending vertically. After the first concrete block manufacturing step, there is a first concrete block installation step in which the first concrete block is submerged in water, After the second concrete block manufacturing step and the first concrete block installation step, the second concrete block is installed on top of the first concrete block to form a concrete block assembly, and a buoyancy chamber for the assembly with a closed lower end is formed in the concrete block assembly by the second buoyancy chamber of the second concrete block and the bottom surface for the buoyancy chamber of the first concrete block, and the first watertight packing is located between the first concrete block and the second concrete block to block the inflow of water from the outside into the buoyancy chamber, in the second concrete block installation step, A concrete column forming step is performed after the second concrete block installation step, in which a concrete column is formed along the through-hole for the second column to connect the first concrete block and the second concrete block to each other, thereby forming a concrete block structure in which the first concrete block and the second concrete block are connected to each other by the concrete column. A method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure, characterized by comprising, after the concrete column forming step, a draining step for the buoyancy chamber for the assembly, which drains the water from the buoyancy chamber for the assembly and causes the concrete block structure to float on the water surface by the buoyancy of the buoyancy chamber for the assembly.

2. The first concrete block includes a plurality of column reinforcing bar assemblies that extend vertically upward from their lower ends connected inside the first concrete block body and protrude from the upper part of the first concrete block body; In the second concrete block installation step, the second concrete block is installed on top of the first concrete block so that the column reinforcement assembly of the first concrete block is inserted into the second column through-hole of the second concrete block, and a concrete column through-hole with a closed lower end is formed in the concrete block assembly by the second column through-hole of the second concrete block and the first concrete block; After the second concrete block installation step, a column drainage step is added to remove water from the through-hole for the concrete column; The method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete column forming step is to pour concrete into the through-hole for the concrete column after the column drainage step, thereby forming the concrete column in which the column reinforcing assembly and the poured concrete are integrated.

3. The second buoyancy chamber extends vertically and has an open upper and lower surface; A third concrete block manufacturing step is added, which involves manufacturing a third concrete block body that includes a third concrete block body having multiple through-holes for third columns extending in the vertical direction and a ceiling surface for a buoyancy chamber that covers the upper part of the buoyancy chamber for the assembly formed on its lower surface; After the second concrete block installation step and the third concrete block manufacturing step, a third concrete block installation step is added in which the third concrete block is installed on top of the second concrete block; The method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete column forming step involves forming the concrete column along the through-hole for the second column and the through-hole for the third column, thereby forming the concrete block structure in which the first concrete block, the second concrete block and the third concrete block are joined together by the concrete column.

4. The second buoyancy chamber extends vertically and has an open upper and lower surface; A method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, after the concrete column forming step, a superimposed concrete forming step is added in which superimposed concrete is formed on the upper part of the second concrete block to cover the upper part of the buoyancy chamber for the assembly.

5. The second concrete block is provided with a second watertight packing positioned on the upper surface of the second concrete block body in a manner that surrounds the second buoyancy chamber; A method for manufacturing a floating concrete block structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the second concrete block installation step, a plurality of the second concrete blocks are installed in multiple stages on top of the first concrete block, and the second watertight packing is located between the second concrete blocks which are adjacent to each other vertically to block the inflow of water into the buoyancy chamber from the outside.

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