Terminal, communication method, and communication system

Abstract

This terminal includes: a control unit that maps signals used in positioning to D2D direct communication signals; and a transmission unit that transmits the D2D direct communication signals to another terminal. The control unit multiplexes, among the D2D direct communication signals, the signals used in positioning to a control channel or a shared channel.

Description

Terminal and communication method

[0001] The present invention relates to a terminal and a communication method in a wireless communication system.

[0002] In LTE (Long Term Evolution) and successor systems to LTE (for example, LTE-A (LTE Advanced) and NR (New Radio) (also referred to as 5G)), D2D (Device to Device) technology is being considered, in which terminals communicate directly with each other without going through a base station (for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

[0003] D2D reduces traffic between terminals and base stations and enables communication between terminals even when the base station becomes unable to communicate due to a disaster or the like. In the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project), D2D is referred to as a "sidelink," but in this specification, the more general term D2D is used. However, in the description of the embodiments described later, the sidelink is also used as needed.

[0004] D2D communication is broadly divided into D2D discovery (also referred to as D2D discovery) for discovering other terminals with which communication is possible, and D2D communication (also referred to as D2D direct communication, D2D communication, terminal-to-terminal direct communication, etc.) for direct communication between terminals. Hereinafter, when there is no particular distinction between D2D communication, D2D discovery, etc., they are simply referred to as D2D. Furthermore, signals transmitted and received in D2D are referred to as D2D signals. Various use cases for services related to Vehicle to Everything (V2X) in NR have been studied (for example, Non-Patent Document 2).

[0005] 3GPP TS 38.211 V16.8.0 (2021-12) 3GPP TR 22.886 V15.1.0 (2017-03) 3GPP TR 38.845 V17.0.0 (2021-09) 3GPP TS 38.305 V16.7.0 (2021-12) 3GPP TS 38.455 V16.6.0 (2021-12) 3GPP TS 37.355 V16.7.0 (2021-12) 3GPP TS 23.032 V16.1.0 (2021-12) 3GPP TS 38.215 V16.4.0 (2020-12) 3GPP TS 38.212 V16.8.0 (2021-12)

[0006] Positioning has been considered in scenarios of direct communication between devices, such as in-coverage, partial coverage, and out-of-coverage, or in vehicle-to-everything (V2X), public safety, commercial, and industrial Internet of Things (IIOT), etc. However, the definition and transmission / reception procedures of signals for direct communication between devices used for positioning have not been clear.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and has as its object to perform positioning using signals of direct communication between terminals.

[0008] According to the disclosed technology, a terminal is provided which has a control unit that maps a signal used for positioning onto a signal for direct terminal-to-terminal communication, and a transmission unit that transmits the signal for direct terminal-to-terminal communication to another terminal, and the control unit multiplexes the signal used for positioning onto a control channel or a shared channel of the signal for direct terminal-to-terminal communication.

[0009] According to the disclosed technology, positioning can be performed using signals from direct terminal-to-terminal communication.

[0010] 1 is a diagram for explaining V2X. FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an example (1) of a V2X transmission mode. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an example (2) of a V2X transmission mode. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an example (3) of a V2X transmission mode. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an example (5) of a V2X transmission mode. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example (1) of a V2X communication type. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an example (2) of a V2X communication type. FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining an example (3) of a V2X communication type. FIG. 8 is a sequence diagram showing an example (1) of a V2X operation. FIG. 9 is a sequence diagram showing an example (2) of a V2X operation. FIG. 10 is a sequence diagram showing an example (3) of a V2X operation. FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining an example (4) of a V2X operation. FIG. 12 is a flowchart for explaining an example of a preemption operation. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining an example of a preemption operation. FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining an example of a partial sensing operation. FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining an example of periodic partial sensing. FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining an example of continuous partial sensing. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example (1) of positioning. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of measuring DL-RSTD. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of measuring UL-RTOA. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example (2) of positioning. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of measuring RTT. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example (1) of SL-PRS arrangement in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example (2) of SL-PRS arrangement in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of a base station 10 in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of a terminal 20 in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station 10 or a terminal 20 in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

[0011] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiment described below is an example, and the embodiment to which the present invention is applied is not limited to the following embodiment.

[0012] In the operation of the wireless communication system according to the embodiment of the present invention, existing technology is used as appropriate. However, the existing technology is, for example, the existing LTE, but is not limited to the existing LTE. Furthermore, the term "LTE" used in this specification has a broad meaning including LTE-Advanced, and systems subsequent to LTE-Advanced (e.g., NR), or wireless LAN (Local Area Network), unless otherwise specified.

[0013] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the duplex method may be a time division duplex (TDD) method, a frequency division duplex (FDD) method, or another method (for example, flexible duplex, etc.).

[0014] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, "configuring" radio parameters etc. may mean that predetermined values ​​are pre-configured, or that radio parameters notified from the base station 10 or the terminal 20 are set.

[0015] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining V2X. 3GPP is studying the realization of V2X (Vehicle to Everything) or eV2X (enhanced V2X) by extending the D2D function, and is currently working on specifications. As shown in FIG. 1 , V2X is a part of ITS (Intelligent Transport Systems) and is a collective term for V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle), which refers to a communication mode between vehicles; V2I (Vehicle to Infrastructure), which refers to a communication mode between a vehicle and a roadside unit (RSU: Road-Side Unit) installed on the side of the road; V2N (Vehicle to Network), which refers to a communication mode between a vehicle and an ITS server; and V2P (Vehicle to Pedestrian), which refers to a communication mode between a vehicle and a mobile terminal carried by a pedestrian.

[0016] In addition, 3GPP is studying V2X using LTE or NR cellular communication and terminal-to-terminal communication. V2X using cellular communication is also called cellular V2X. NR V2X is being studied to achieve high capacity, low latency, high reliability, and quality of service (QoS) control.

[0017] It is expected that future studies will be conducted on LTE or NR V2X that are not limited to 3GPP specifications. For example, it is expected that studies will be conducted on ensuring interoperability, reducing costs by implementing higher layers, methods for using or switching between multiple RATs (Radio Access Technologies), compliance with regulations in each country, and methods for acquiring, distributing, managing databases, and using data from LTE or NR V2X platforms.

[0018] In the embodiments of the present invention, a communication device is mainly assumed to be mounted on a vehicle, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this. For example, the communication device may be a terminal held by a person, a device mounted on a drone or an aircraft, a base station, an RSU, a relay station (relay node), a terminal with scheduling capability, etc.

[0019] Note that SL (Sidelink) may be distinguished from UL (Uplink) or DL ​​(Downlink) based on any one or a combination of the following 1) to 4). SL may also be called by other names: 1) Resource allocation in the time domain 2) Resource allocation in the frequency domain 3) Synchronization signal to be referenced (including SLSS (Sidelink Synchronization Signal)) 4) Reference signal used in path loss measurement for transmission power control

[0020] Furthermore, with respect to SL or UL OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing), CP-OFDM (Cyclic-Prefix OFDM), DFT-S-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform - Spread - OFDM), OFDM without transform precoding, or OFDM with transform precoding may be applied.

[0021] In the LTE SL, Mode 3 and Mode 4 are defined for SL resource allocation to the terminal 20. In Mode 3, transmission resources are dynamically allocated by DCI (Downlink Control Information) transmitted from the base station 10 to the terminal 20. Also, in Mode 3, SPS (Semi Persistent Scheduling) is possible. In Mode 4, the terminal 20 autonomously selects transmission resources from a resource pool.

[0022] The term "slot" in the embodiments of the present invention may be interpreted as a symbol, a minislot, a subframe, a radio frame, a TTI (Transmission Time Interval), a time resource of a predetermined width, etc. The term "cell" in the embodiments of the present invention may be interpreted as a cell group, a carrier component, a BWP, a resource pool, a resource, a RAT (Radio Access Technology), a system (including a wireless LAN), etc.

[0023] In the embodiment of the present invention, the terminal 20 is not limited to a V2X terminal, and may be any type of terminal that performs D2D communication. For example, the terminal 20 may be a terminal carried by a user, such as a smartphone, or may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device, such as a smart meter.

[0024] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a V2X transmission mode (1). In the sidelink communication transmission mode illustrated in FIG. 2 , in step 1, the base station 10 transmits sidelink scheduling to the terminal 20A. Subsequently, the terminal 20A transmits a PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel) and a PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel) to the terminal 20B based on the received scheduling (step 2). The sidelink communication transmission mode illustrated in FIG. 2 may be referred to as sidelink transmission mode 3 in LTE. In sidelink transmission mode 3 in LTE, Uu-based sidelink scheduling is performed. Uu is a radio interface between a universal terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN) and a user equipment (UE). Note that the sidelink communication transmission mode illustrated in FIG. 2 may also be referred to as sidelink transmission mode 1 in NR.

[0025] Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example (2) of a V2X transmission mode. In the transmission mode of sidelink communication illustrated in Fig. 3, in step 1, the terminal 20A transmits the PSCCH and the PSSCH to the terminal 20B using autonomously selected resources. The transmission mode of sidelink communication illustrated in Fig. 3 may be referred to as sidelink transmission mode 4 in LTE. In sidelink transmission mode 4 in LTE, the UE itself performs resource selection.

[0026] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a V2X transmission mode (3). In the sidelink communication transmission mode illustrated in FIG. 4, in step 1, the terminal 20A transmits the PSCCH and the PSSCH to the terminal 20B using autonomously selected resources. Similarly, the terminal 20B transmits the PSCCH and the PSSCH to the terminal 20A using autonomously selected resources (step 1). The sidelink communication transmission mode illustrated in FIG. 4 may be referred to as a sidelink transmission mode 2a in NR. In sidelink transmission mode 2 in NR, the terminal 20 itself performs resource selection.

[0027] Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example (4) of a V2X transmission mode. In the transmission mode of sidelink communication shown in Fig. 5, in step 0, a sidelink resource pattern is transmitted from the base station 10 to the terminal 20A via RRC (Radio Resource Control) configuration or is configured in advance. Subsequently, the terminal 20A transmits a PSSCH to the terminal 20B based on the resource pattern (step 1). The transmission mode of sidelink communication shown in Fig. 5 may be referred to as a sidelink transmission mode 2c in NR.

[0028] Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example (5) of a V2X transmission mode. In the transmission mode of sidelink communication shown in Fig. 6, in step 1, the terminal 20A transmits sidelink scheduling to the terminal 20B via the PSCCH. Subsequently, the terminal 20B transmits the PSSCH based on the received scheduling to the terminal 20A (step 2). The transmission mode of sidelink communication shown in Fig. 6 may be referred to as a sidelink transmission mode 2d in NR.

[0029] Fig. 7 is a diagram for explaining an example (1) of a V2X communication type. The side link communication type shown in Fig. 7 is unicast. Terminal 20A transmits a PSCCH and a PSSCH to terminal 20. In the example shown in Fig. 7, terminal 20A unicasts to terminal 20B and also unicasts to terminal 20C.

[0030] Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example (2) of a V2X communication type. The sidelink communication type shown in Fig. 8 is groupcast. Terminal 20A transmits the PSCCH and the PSSCH to a group to which one or more terminals 20 belong. In the example shown in Fig. 8, the group includes terminal 20B and terminal 20C, and terminal 20A performs groupcast to the group.

[0031] FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining an example (3) of a V2X communication type. The sidelink communication type shown in FIG. 9 is broadcast. The terminal 20A transmits the PSCCH and the PSSCH to one or more terminals 20. In the example shown in FIG. 9, the terminal 20A broadcasts to the terminals 20B, 20C, and 20D. The terminal 20A shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 may be referred to as a header UE (header-UE).

[0032] In addition, it is assumed that NR-V2X will support hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) for sidelink unicast and groupcast. Furthermore, NR-V2X defines sidelink feedback control information (SFCI) including a HARQ response. Furthermore, it is being considered that SFCI will be transmitted via a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH).

[0033] In the following description, the PSFCH is used to transmit the HARQ-ACK (acknowledgement) on the side link, but this is just an example. For example, the HARQ-ACK may be transmitted on the side link using the PSCCH, the HARQ-ACK may be transmitted on the side link using the PSSCH, or the HARQ-ACK may be transmitted on the side link using another channel.

[0034] Hereinafter, for convenience, information reported by the terminal 20 in HARQ will generally be referred to as HARQ-ACK. This HARQ-ACK may also be referred to as HARQ-ACK information. More specifically, a codebook applied to HARQ-ACK information reported from the terminal 20 to the base station 10 or the like will be referred to as a HARQ-ACK codebook. The HARQ-ACK codebook defines the bit string of the HARQ-ACK information. Note that in addition to ACK, NACK is also transmitted by "HARQ-ACK".

[0035] Fig. 10 is a sequence diagram showing an operation example (1) of V2X. As shown in Fig. 10, the wireless communication system according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a terminal 20A and a terminal 20B. Note that, although a large number of user devices actually exist, Fig. 10 shows the terminal 20A and the terminal 20B as an example.

[0036] Hereinafter, when there is no particular distinction between the terminals 20A, 20B, etc., they will be simply referred to as "terminal 20" or "user equipment." While Fig. 10 shows an example in which the terminals 20A and 20B are both within the coverage of a cell, the operation in the embodiment of the present invention can also be applied to a case in which the terminal 20B is outside the coverage.

[0037] As described above, in this embodiment, the terminal 20 is, for example, a device mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile, and has a cellular communication function as a UE in LTE or NR, and a side link function. The terminal 20 may be a general mobile terminal (such as a smartphone). The terminal 20 may also be an RSU. The RSU may be a UE type RSU having the function of a UE, or a gNB type RSU having the function of a base station device.

[0038] It should be noted that the terminal 20 does not have to be a device in a single housing; for example, even if various sensors are distributed throughout the vehicle, the terminal 20 may be a device including the various sensors.

[0039] Furthermore, the processing of sidelink transmission data by the terminal 20 is basically the same as the processing of UL transmission in LTE or NR. For example, the terminal 20 scrambles and modulates codewords of the transmission data to generate complex-valued symbols, maps the complex-valued symbols (transmission signals) to one or two layers, and performs precoding. Then, the terminal 20 maps the precoded complex-valued symbols to resource elements to generate transmission signals (e.g., complex-valued time-domain SC-FDMA signals), and transmits them from each antenna port.

[0040] The base station 10 has a cellular communication function as a base station in LTE or NR, and a function for enabling communication of the terminal 20 in this embodiment (e.g., resource pool setting, resource allocation, etc.). The base station 10 may also be an RSU (gNB type RSU).

[0041] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system according to the embodiment of the present invention, the signal waveform used by the terminal 20 for SL or UL may be OFDMA, SC-FDMA, or another signal waveform.

[0042] In step S101, the terminal 20A autonomously selects resources to be used for the PSCCH and the PSSCH from a resource selection window having a predetermined period. The resource selection window (e.g., configuration information related to the window (predetermined period)) may be configured in the terminal 20 by the base station 10. Here, the predetermined period of the resource selection window may be defined by implementation conditions of the terminal, such as processing time or maximum tolerable packet delay time, or may be defined in advance by specifications, or the predetermined period may be referred to as an interval in the time domain. Note that the resource selection window may be a predetermined time interval that can be candidates for resource selection, or may be discontinuous time resources that can be candidates for resource selection, or may be called something else.

[0043] In steps S102 and S103, the terminal 20A transmits SCI (Sidelink Control Information) via the PSCCH and / or PSSCH using the resources autonomously selected in step S101, and transmits SL data via the PSSCH. For example, the terminal 20A may transmit the PSCCH using a time resource that is the same as at least a part of the time resource of the PSSCH, and a frequency resource that may or may not be adjacent to the frequency resource of the PSSCH.

[0044] The terminal 20B receives the SCI (PSCCH and / or PSSCH) and SL data (PSSCH) transmitted from the terminal 20A. The received SCI may include information on the PSFCH resource for the terminal 20B to transmit a HARQ-ACK in response to the reception of the data. The terminal 20A may transmit information on the autonomously selected resource in the SCI.

[0045] In step S104, the terminal 20B uses the PSFCH resource determined from the received SCI to transmit a HARQ-ACK for the received data to the terminal 20A.

[0046] In step S105, if the HARQ-ACK received in step S104 indicates a request for retransmission, that is, if it is a NACK (negative acknowledgement), the terminal 20A retransmits the PSCCH and PSSCH to the terminal 20B. The terminal 20A may retransmit the PSCCH and PSSCH using autonomously selected resources.

[0047] If HARQ control involving HARQ feedback is not performed, steps S104 and S105 may not be performed.

[0048] 11 is a sequence diagram showing an operation example (2) of V2X. Blind retransmission without HARQ control may be performed to improve the transmission success rate or reach.

[0049] In step S201, the terminal 20A autonomously selects resources to be used for the PSCCH and the PSSCH from a resource selection window having a predetermined period. The resource selection window may be set in the terminal 20 by the base station 10.

[0050] In steps S202 and S203, the terminal 20A transmits SCI via the PSCCH and / or PSSCH and transmits SL data via the PSSCH using the resources autonomously selected in step S201. For example, the terminal 20A may transmit the PSCCH using frequency resources adjacent to the frequency resources of the PSSCH in the same time resources as at least a part of the time resources of the PSSCH.

[0051] In step S204, the terminal 20A uses the resources autonomously selected in step S201 to retransmit the SCI via the PSCCH and / or PSSCH and the SL data via the PSSCH to the terminal 20B. The retransmission in step S204 may be performed multiple times.

[0052] If blind retransmission is not performed, step S204 does not have to be performed.

[0053] 12 is a sequence diagram showing an operation example (3) of V2X. The base station 10 may perform sidelink scheduling. That is, the base station 10 may determine sidelink resources to be used by the terminal 20 and transmit information indicating the resources to the terminal 20. Furthermore, when HARQ control involving HARQ feedback is applied, the base station 10 may transmit information indicating PSFCH resources to the terminal 20.

[0054] In step S301, the base station 10 performs SL scheduling by transmitting DCI (Downlink Control Information) via the PDCCH to the terminal 20 A. Hereinafter, for convenience, DCI for SL scheduling will be referred to as SL scheduling DCI.

[0055] Also, in step S301, it is assumed that the base station 10 also transmits DCI for DL ​​scheduling (which may also be called DL allocation) to the terminal 20A via the PDCCH. Hereinafter, for convenience, the DCI for DL ​​scheduling will be referred to as DL scheduling DCI. The terminal 20A that has received the DL scheduling DCI receives DL data via the PDSCH using resources specified in the DL scheduling DCI.

[0056] In steps S302 and S303, the terminal 20A transmits SCI (Sidelink Control Information) via the PSCCH and / or PSSCH using the resources specified in the SL scheduling DCI, and transmits SL data via the PSSCH. Note that the SL scheduling DCI may specify only the resources for the PSSCH. In this case, for example, the terminal 20A may transmit the PSCCH using frequency resources adjacent to the frequency resources for the PSSCH, using the same time resources as at least a portion of the time resources for the PSSCH.

[0057] The terminal 20B receives the SCI (PSCCH and / or PSSCH) and SL data (PSSCH) transmitted from the terminal 20A. The SCI received via the PSCCH and / or PSSCH includes information on the PSFCH resource used by the terminal 20B to transmit a HARQ-ACK in response to reception of the data.

[0058] The resource information is included in the DL scheduling DCI or SL scheduling DCI transmitted from the base station 10 in step S301, and the terminal 20A acquires the resource information from the DL scheduling DCI or SL scheduling DCI and includes it in the SCI. Alternatively, the resource information may not be included in the DCI transmitted from the base station 10, and the terminal 20A may autonomously include the resource information in the SCI and transmit it.

[0059] In step S304, the terminal 20B transmits a HARQ-ACK for the received data to the terminal 20A using the PSFCH resource determined from the received SCI.

[0060] In step S305, the terminal 20A transmits a HARQ-ACK using a PUCCH (Physical uplink control channel) resource specified by the DL scheduling DCI (or the SL scheduling DCI) at a timing (for example, slot-by-slot timing) specified by the DL scheduling DCI (or the SL scheduling DCI), and the base station 10 receives the HARQ-ACK. The HARQ-ACK codebook may include a HARQ-ACK generated based on the HARQ-ACK received from the terminal 20B or the PSFCH that was not received, and a HARQ-ACK for the DL data. However, if no DL data is allocated, for example, a HARQ-ACK for the DL data is not included. In NR Rel. 16, the HARQ-ACK codebook does not include a HARQ-ACK for the DL data.

[0061] Note that if HARQ control involving HARQ feedback is not performed, step S304 and / or step S305 may not be performed.

[0062] FIG. 13 is a sequence diagram showing an operation example (4) of V2X. As described above, in the NR sidelink, it is supported that the HARQ response is transmitted on the PSFCH. Note that the format of the PSFCH can be, for example, the same format as PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) format 0. That is, the PSFCH format may be a sequence-based format in which the PRB (Physical Resource Block) size is 1 and ACKs and NACKs are distinguished by differences in sequence and / or cyclic shift. The PSFCH format is not limited to this. The PSFCH resource may be allocated to the last symbol or the last multiple symbols of a slot. Furthermore, a period N is set or pre-defined for the PSFCH resource. The period N may be set on a slot-by-slot basis or may be pre-defined. The period N may be notified to the terminal 20 from the base station 10 and set in the terminal 20.

[0063] In FIG. 13 , the vertical axis corresponds to the frequency domain, and the horizontal axis corresponds to the time domain. The PSCCH may be placed in the first symbol of the slot, or in multiple symbols from the first, or in multiple symbols from symbols other than the first. The PSFCH may be placed in the last symbol of the slot, or in multiple symbols from the last. Note that the above-mentioned "first symbol of the slot" and "last symbol of the slot" may not take into account symbols for AGC (Automatic Gain Control) and symbols for transmission / reception switching. That is, for example, if one slot consists of 14 symbols, the "first symbol of the slot" and the "last symbol of the slot" may refer to the first and last symbols, respectively, of the 12 symbols excluding the first and last symbols. In the example shown in FIG. 13 , three subchannels are configured in the resource pool, and two PSFCHs are placed three slots after the slot in which the PSSCH is placed. The arrow from the PSSCH to the PSFCH indicates an example of a PSFCH associated with the PSSCH.

[0064] When the HARQ response in NR-V2X groupcast is groupcast option 2, which transmits an ACK or NACK, it is necessary to determine the resources to be used for transmitting and receiving the PSFCH. As shown in FIG. 13, in step S401, terminal 20A, which is the transmitting terminal 20, performs groupcast via SL-SCH to terminals 20B, 20C, and 20D, which are receiving terminals 20. In the following step S402, terminal 20B uses PSFCH#B, terminal 20C uses PSFCH#C, and terminal 20D uses PSFCH#D to transmit a HARQ response to terminal 20A. Here, as shown in the example of FIG. 13, if the number of available PSFCH resources is less than the number of receiving terminals 20 belonging to the group, it is necessary to determine how to allocate the PSFCH resources. Note that the transmitting terminal 20 may be aware of the number of receiving terminals 20 in the groupcast. In groupcast option 1, only NACK is transmitted as the HARQ response, and ACK is not transmitted.

[0065] FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of sensing operation in NR. In resource allocation mode 2, a terminal 20 selects a resource and performs transmission. As shown in FIG. 14, the terminal 20 performs sensing in a sensing window within a resource pool. Through sensing, the terminal 20 receives a resource reservation field or a resource assignment field included in an SCI transmitted from another terminal 20, and identifies available resource candidates within a resource selection window within the resource pool based on the field. Then, the terminal 20 randomly selects a resource from the available resource candidates.

[0066] 14, the resource pool configuration may have a period. For example, the period may be 10240 milliseconds. ０ ＳＬ From slot t Ｔｍａｘ－１ ＳＬ In this example, the resource pool is set up to the period. The resource pool in each period may have an area set by, for example, a bitmap.

[0067] As shown in FIG. 14, the transmission trigger in the terminal 20 occurs in slot n, and the priority of the transmission is p ＴＸ The terminal 20 receives the data in slot nT. ０ From slot n-T ｐｒｏｃ，０ In the sensing window up to the slot immediately before the priority p ＲＸWhen an SCI is detected in a sensing window and the RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power) is greater than a threshold, the resource in the resource selection window corresponding to the SCI is excluded. When an SCI is detected in a sensing window and the RSRP is less than a threshold, the resource in the resource selection window corresponding to the SCI is not excluded. The threshold may be, for example, a priority p ＴＸ and priority p ＲＸ A threshold Th is set or defined for each resource in the sensing window based on ｐＴＸ，ｐＲＸ may be.

[0068] Also, the slot t shown in FIG. ｍ ＳＬ As such, resources in the resource selection window that are candidates for resource reservation information corresponding to resources in the sensing window that were not monitored, for example for transmission, are excluded.

[0069] Slot n+T １ In the resource selection window from slot n to slot n+T2, resources occupied by other UEs are identified, and the resources excluding these resources are used as available resource candidates, as shown in FIG. Ａ Then, S Ａ is less than 20% of the resource selection window, the threshold Th ｐＴＸ，ｐＲＸ The threshold Th may be increased by 3 dB and resource identification may be performed again. ｐＴＸ，ｐＲＸ By increasing the number of resources that are not excluded because the RSRP is less than the threshold, the set of resource candidates S Ａ may be set to be 20% or more of the resource selection window. Ａ is less than 20% of the resource selection window, the threshold Th ｐＴＸ，ｐＲＸ The operation of increasing the signal level by 3 dB and performing resource identification again may be repeated.

[0070] The lower layer of the terminal 20 is S Ａ The upper layer of the terminal 20 may report S Ａ The terminal 20 may determine the resources to be used by performing a random selection on the upper layer. The terminal 20 may perform the sidelink transmission using the determined resources. For example, the upper layer may be a MAC layer, and the lower layer may be a PHY layer or a physical layer.

[0071] In the above-mentioned Figure 14, the operation of the transmitting terminal 20 is explained, but the receiving terminal 20 may detect data transmission from another terminal 20 based on the results of sensing or partial sensing, and receive data from the other terminal 20.

[0072] FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing an example of preemption in NR. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of preemption in NR. In step S501, the terminal 20 performs sensing in a sensing window. If the terminal 20 performs a power-saving operation, the sensing may be performed in a predefined limited period. Next, the terminal 20 identifies each resource in the resource selection window based on the sensing result and generates a set of resource candidates S Ａ Then, the terminal 20 determines a set of resource candidates S Ａ A resource set (r_0, r_1, ...) for determining whether preemption has occurred is selected from the resource set (r_0, r_1, ...) (S503). The resource set may be notified to the PHY layer from an upper layer as the resource for determining whether preemption has occurred.

[0073] In step S504, the terminal 20 calculates T(r_0)-T ３ At the timing, each resource in the resource selection window is identified again based on the sensing result to generate a set of resource candidates S Ａ , and further determines preemption for the resource set (r_0, r_1, ...) based on the priority. For example, in r_1 shown in FIG. 16, SCI transmitted from another terminal 20 is detected by re-sensing, and SＡ is not included in the value prio_RX. When preemption is enabled, if the value prio_RX indicating the priority of the SCI transmitted from the other terminal 20 is lower than the value prio_TX indicating the priority of the transport block transmitted from the terminal itself, the terminal 20 determines that the resource r_1 has been preempted. Note that the lower the value indicating the priority, the higher the priority. In other words, if the value prio_RX indicating the priority of the SCI transmitted from the other terminal 20 is higher than the value prio_TX indicating the priority of the transport block transmitted from the terminal itself, the terminal 20 determines that the resource r_1 has been preempted. Ａ , pl_1, pl_2, ..., pl_3), this priority is set as prio_pre. At this time, if the value prio_RX indicating the priority of the SCI transmitted from the other terminal 20 is lower than prio_pre and prio_RX is lower than the value prio_TX indicating the priority of the transport block transmitted from the terminal 20 itself, the terminal 20 determines that the resource r_1 has been preempted.

[0074] In step S505, if preemption is determined in step S504, the terminal 20 notifies the upper layer of preemption, causes the upper layer to reselect resources, and ends the preemption check.

[0075] In addition, when re-evaluation is performed instead of checking preemption, in the above step S504, the set S of resource candidates is Ａ After determining S Ａ If the resource set (r_0, r_1, . . . ) is not included in the resource set, the resource is not used and a resource reselection is performed in the upper layer.

[0076] FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of partial sensing operation in LTE. When partial sensing is configured by a higher layer in the LTE sidelink, the terminal 20 selects resources and performs transmission as shown in FIG. 17. As shown in FIG. 17, the terminal 20 performs partial sensing on a part of the sensing window, i.e., a sensing target, in a resource pool. With partial sensing, the terminal 20 receives a resource reservation field included in an SCI transmitted from another terminal 20 and identifies available resource candidates in the resource selection window in the resource pool based on the field. Then, the terminal 20 randomly selects a resource from the available resource candidates.

[0077] FIG. 17 shows the subframe t ０ ＳＬ From subframe t Ｔｍａｘ－１ ＳＬ In this example, the resource pool is set up to subframe n+T. The target area of ​​the resource pool may be set by, for example, a bitmap. As shown in FIG. 17, it is assumed that a transmission trigger occurs in terminal 20 in subframe n+T. １ From subframe n to subframe n+T, subframe t ｙ１ ＳＬ From subframe t ｙＹ ＳＬ Y subframes up to may be set as the resource selection window.

[0078] The terminal 20 receives the subframe ty1-k×P step, which has a length of Y subframes. ＳＬ From subframe tyY-k×Pstep ＳＬ For example, it is possible to detect that another terminal 20 is transmitting in one or more sensing targets up to . k may be determined by a 10-bit bitmap, for example. FIG. 17 shows an example in which the third and sixth bits of the bitmap are set to "1" indicating that partial sensing is performed. That is, in FIG. 17, in the subframe ty1-6×Pstep ＳＬ From subframe tyY-6×Pstep ＳＬUp to subframe ty1-3×Pstep ＳＬ From subframe tyY-3×Pstep ＳＬ As described above, the k-th bit of the bitmap is set to the subframe ty1-k×Pstep ＳＬ From subframe tyY-k×Pstep ＳＬ It may correspond to a sensing window up to y ｉ corresponds to the index (1...Y) in the Y subframe.

[0079] Note that k is set in a 10-bit bitmap or is predefined, and P ｓｔｅｐ However, when SL communication is performed on DL and UL carriers, P ｓｔｅｐ may be (U / (D+S+U))*100 ms, where U corresponds to the number of UL subframes, D corresponds to the number of DL subframes, and S corresponds to the number of special subframes.

[0080] When SCI is detected in the sensing target and the RSRP is greater than a threshold, the resource in the resource selection window corresponding to the resource reservation field of the SCI is excluded. When SCI is detected in the sensing target and the RSRP is less than a threshold, the resource in the resource selection window corresponding to the resource reservation field of the SCI is not excluded. The threshold may be, for example, a sender priority p ＴＸ and receiver priority p ＲＸ Based on this, a threshold Th is set or defined for each resource in the sensing target. ｐＴＸ，ｐＲＸ may be.

[0081] As shown in FIG. 17, the interval [n+T １ , n+T ２ In the resource selection window set in the Y subframe of

[0000] , the terminal 20 identifies resources occupied by other UEs, and the resources excluding these resources become available resource candidates. Note that the Y subframes do not have to be consecutive. The set of available resource candidates is denoted by S Ａ Then, S Ａis less than 20% of the resources in the resource selection window, the threshold Th ｐＴＸ，ｐＲＸ may be increased by 3 dB and resource identification may be performed again.

[0082] That is, the threshold value Th ｐＴＸ，ｐＲＸ By increasing S and performing resource identification again, the number of resources that are not excluded because their RSRP is below the threshold may be increased. Ａ Measure the RSSI of each resource in the set S. Ｂ The set of resource candidates S Ｂ until S is greater than or equal to 20% of the resource selection window. Ａ The resource with the smallest RSSI included in Ｂ The operation of adding to may be repeated.

[0083] The lower layer of the terminal 20 is S Ｂ The upper layer of the terminal 20 may report S Ｂ The terminal 20 may determine the resource to be used by randomly selecting the resource. The terminal 20 may perform sidelink transmission using the determined resource. Note that, after once reserving the resource, the terminal 20 may select the resource a predetermined number of times (e.g., C ｒｅｓｅｌ The resource may be used periodically without sensing for a period of time (times).

[0084] Here, power saving based on random resource selection and partial sensing is being considered for the NR Release 17 sidelink. For example, for power saving, the random resource selection and partial sensing of the sidelink in LTE Release 14 may be applied to resource allocation mode 2 of the NR Release 16 sidelink. A terminal 20 to which partial sensing is applied performs reception and sensing only in specific slots within a sensing window.

[0085] In addition, in NR Release 17 sidelink, operation is being considered with inter-UE coordination as a baseline. For example, the terminal 20A may share information indicating a resource set with the terminal 20B, and the terminal 20B may take the information into consideration when selecting resources for transmission.

[0086] For example, as a resource allocation method for the sidelink, the terminal 20 may perform full sensing as shown in Fig. 14. Alternatively, the terminal 20 may perform partial sensing, in which resource identification is performed by sensing only limited resources compared to full sensing, and resource selection is performed from the identified resource set. Alternatively, the terminal 20 may perform random selection, in which resources in the resource selection window are set as an identified resource set without excluding resources from the resources in the resource selection window, and resource selection is performed from the identified resource set.

[0087] Note that a method of performing random selection at the time of resource selection and using sensing information at the time of reevaluation or preemption check may be treated as partial sensing or as random selection.

[0088] Note that the following 1) and 2) may be applied as operations in sensing. Note that sensing and monitoring may be interchangeable, and the operations may include at least one of measuring received RSRP, obtaining reservation resource information, and obtaining priority information.

[0089] 1) Periodic-based partial sensing: In a mechanism where sensing is performed only on some slots, sensing slots are determined based on a reservation periodicity. Note that the reservation period is a value related to the resource reservation period field. Note that the term "period" may be replaced with "periodicity."

[0090] 2) Contiguous partial sensing: In a mechanism where sensing is performed only on some slots, sensing slots are determined based on aperiodic reservation, where the aperiodic reservation is a value associated with the time resource assignment field.

[0091] In Release 17, operations may be specified assuming three types of terminals 20. One is Type A, which does not have the capability to receive any sidelink signals and channels, except for receiving PSFCH and S-SSB (Sidelink Synchronization Signal / Physical Broadcast Channel Block).

[0092] The other is Type B, where the Type B terminal 20 does not have the capability to receive any sidelink signals and channels except for PSFCH and S-SSB reception.

[0093] The other is Type D, which has the capability to receive all sidelink signals and channels defined in Release 16, but does not exclude the reception of some sidelink signals and channels.

[0094] It should be noted that UE types other than the above-mentioned Type A, Type B, and Type D may be envisaged, and UE types and UE capabilities may or may not be associated with each other.

[0095] In Release 17, multiple resource allocation methods can be configured for a resource pool. Also, as a power-saving feature, SL-DRX (Discontinuous Reception) is supported. In other words, reception is performed only during a specified time period.

[0096] As described above, partial sensing is supported as one of the power saving functions. In a resource pool in which partial sensing is configured, the terminal 20 may perform the above-described periodic partial sensing. The terminal 20 may receive, from the base station 10, information for configuring a resource pool in which partial sensing is configured and periodic reservation is enabled.

[0097] 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of periodic partial sensing. As shown in FIG. 18, Y candidate slots for resource selection are defined within a resource selection window [n+T １ , n+T ２ ] to select from.

[0098] t ｙ ＳＬ is one of the slots included in the Y candidate slots, and ty-k × Preserve ＳＬ may be used as a target slot for periodic partial sensing.

[0099] P ｒｅｓｅｒｖｅ may correspond to all values ​​contained in a configured or predefined set sl-ResourceReservePeriodList. Alternatively, P may be limited to a subset of sl-ResourceReservePeriodList. ｒｅｓｅｒｖｅ The value of P may be set or predefined. ｒｅｓｅｒｖｅ The sl-ResourceReservePeriodList and sl-ResourceReservePeriodList may be configured for each transmission resource pool of resource allocation mode 2. Furthermore, the UE may implement monitoring of periods included in the sl-ResourceReservePeriodList other than the limited subset. For example, the terminal 20 may additionally monitor opportunities corresponding to P_RSVP_Tx.

[0100] Regarding the k value, the terminal 20 may monitor the most recent sensing opportunity in a certain reservation period before slot n of the resource selection trigger or before the first slot of Y candidate slots subject to processing time limitations. The terminal 20 may also additionally monitor periodic sensing opportunities corresponding to a set of one or more k values. For example, the k value may be set to a value corresponding to the most recent sensing opportunity in a certain reservation period before slot n of the resource selection trigger or before the first slot of Y candidate slots subject to processing time limitations, and a value corresponding to the sensing opportunity immediately before the most recent sensing opportunity in the certain reservation period.

[0101] As described above, partial sensing is supported as one of the power saving functions. In a resource pool in which partial sensing is configured, the terminal 20 may perform the above-described continuous partial sensing. The terminal 20 may receive, from the base station 10, information for configuring a resource pool in which partial sensing is configured and aperiodic reservation is enabled.

[0102] 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of continuous partial sensing. As shown in FIG. 19, when a trigger for resource selection is slot n, terminal 20 selects Y candidate slots for resource selection within a resource selection window [n+T １ , n+T ２ 19 shows an example in which Y=7. As shown in FIG. 19, the beginning of the Y candidate slots is selected as slot t ｙ１ Let the next slot be t ｙ２ ..., the end of the Y candidate slots is slot t ｙＹ It is written as follows.

[0103] The terminal 20 is Ａ , n+T Ｂ ] and sensing is performed at n+T Ｂ or n+T Ｂ From then on (n+T Ｃ The resource selection is performed in the interval [n+T Ａ , n+T Ｂ ]TＡ and T Ｂ can be any value, and n can be replaced with the index of any of the Y candidate slots.

[0104] Furthermore, the symbol [ may be replaced with the symbol (and the symbol ] may be replaced with the symbol). For example, the interval [a, b] is the interval from slot a to slot b, and includes slot a and slot b. For example, the interval (a, b) is the interval from slot a to slot b, and does not include slot a and slot b.

[0105] The candidate resource to be selected is referred to as Y candidate slots. １ , n+T ２ ] may be all candidate slots, or some of the slots may be candidate slots.

[0106] Here, positioning is being considered in scenarios of direct communication between terminals, such as in-coverage, partial coverage and out-of-coverage, or in V2X (Vehicle to Everything), public safety, commercial and IIOT (Industrial Internet of Things) scenarios.

[0107] The location of the terminal 20 by the LMF (Location Management Function) in the Uu interface of 3GPP Release 16 or 17 is performed by the following methods 1) to 3) (see Non-Patent Document 4, Non-Patent Document 5, and Non-Patent Document 6).

[0108] 1) DL-TDOA (Time Difference of Arrival) based method; 2) UL-TDOA based method; and 3) Multi-RTT (Round Trip Time) based method.

[0109] FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example (1) of positioning. As shown in FIG. 20, the location information of the UE may be calculated based on the DL-TDOA. The location of the UE may be estimated based on the DL-RSTD (Received Signal Time Difference) measured by the UE of the DL radio signals transmitted from the TRPs of multiple NRs. The estimation may use the geographical location of the TRP and the DL transmission timing in the TRP. In addition to the DL-RSTD, the location of the UE may be estimated based on the RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power) of the DL-PRS (Positioning Reference Signal).

[0110] In the method based on DL-TDOA, the UE's location may be calculated in the following procedure: 1) The gNB transmits DL-PRS from each TRP to the UE. 2) The UE reports the measurement result, DL-RSTD, to the GW and / or gNB and / or LMF via LPP (LTE Positioning Protocol). 3) The gNB reports timing information related to the TRP to the LMF via NRPPa (NR Positioning Protocol A). 4) Based on the above information reported from the UE and gNB, the LMF calculates the UE's location.

[0111] For example, as shown in FIG. 20, the delay between the UE and TRP0, the delay between the UE and TRP1, and the delay between the UE and TRP2 may be measured, and the UE's location may be calculated based on the geographical location and DL transmission timing of each TRP.

[0112] FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an example of measuring DL-RSTD. Hereinafter, "and / or" may also be written as " / ". As shown in FIG. 21, DL-RSTD may refer to the time difference measured by the UE between the start of reception of a DL subframe of a reference TRP (TRP0 in FIG. 21) and the start of reception of a DL subframe of another TRP. The start of the subframe may be determined by detecting the DL-PRS.

[0113] The transmission timing of each TRP does not have to be uniform.

[0114] Regarding the calculation of UE location by DL-TDOA, the information shown in 1)-5) below may be reported from the UE to the GW / gNB / LMF.

[0115] 1) PCI (Physical Cell ID), GCI (Global Cell ID) and TRP-ID for each measurement 2) DL-RSTD measurement result 3) DL-PRS-RSRP measurement result 4) Measurement time (time stamp) 5) Quality of each measurement

[0116] Regarding the calculation of UE location using DL-TDOA, the information shown in 1)-6) below may be reported from the gNB to the LMF.

[0117] 1) PCI, GCI and TRP-ID of the TRP controlled by the gNB 2) Timing information of the TRP controlled by the gNB 3) DL-PRS settings of the TRP controlled by the gNB 4) Information related to the SSB of the TRP controlled by the gNB, e.g., SSB time and frequency resources 5) Information related to the spatial direction of the DL-PRS of the TRP controlled by the gNB 6) Information related to the geographical coordinates of the TRP controlled by the gNB

[0118] DL-RSTD may be defined as the time difference measured by the UE between the start of reception of a DL subframe of a reference TRP and the start of reception of a DL subframe of another TRP. Multiple DL-PRS resources may be used to determine the start of reception of the subframe.

[0119] As a report of timing information related to the TRP controlled by the gNB, the SFN initialization time of the TRP may be reported. The SFN initialization time is the time when SFN0 starts.

[0120] As a report of information related to the geographic coordinates of the TRP controlled by the gNB, a point on an ellipsoid having altitude and an ellipse indicating the error range may be reported (see Non-Patent Document 7). For example, latitude, longitude, altitude, altitude direction, altitude error range, etc. may be reported.

[0121] As shown in FIG. 20, the location information of the UE may be calculated based on the UL-TDOA. The location of the UE may be estimated based on the UL-RTOA (Relative Time of Arrival) measured by the TRPs of multiple NRs of the UL radio signals transmitted from the UE. Other setting information may be used for the estimation. In addition to the UL-RTOA, the location of the UE may be estimated based on the RSRP of the UL-SRS (Sounding Reference Signal).

[0122] In the UL-TDOA based method, the UE location may be calculated in the following steps: 1) The UE transmits SRS for multiple TRPs; 2) The gNB reports the measurement results, UL-RTOA and the geographical coordinates of the TRPs, to the LMF via the NRPPa; 3) Based on the above information reported by the gNB, the LMF calculates the UE location.

[0123] For example, as shown in FIG. 20, the RTOA from the UE to TRP0, the RTOA from the UE to TRP1, and the RTOA from the UE to TRP2 may be measured, and the UE's location may be calculated based on the geographical location and UL transmission timing of each TRP.

[0124] 22 is a diagram showing an example of measuring UL-RTOA. As shown in FIG. 22, UL-RTOA may refer to the time difference between the start of reception of the UL subframe including the SRS of the TRP and the RTOA reference time at which the UL is transmitted.

[0125] Regarding the calculation of UE location using UL-TDOA, the information shown in 1)-9) below may be reported from the gNB to the LMF.

[0126] 1) PCI, GCI and TRP-ID of the TRP controlled by the gNB 2) Information related to the SSB of the TRP controlled by the gNB, e.g., time and frequency resources of the SSB 3) Information related to the geographical coordinates of the TRP controlled by the gNB 4) NCGI (NR Cell Global Identifier) ​​and TRP-ID of the measurement 5) UL-RTOA 6) RSRP of the UL-SRS 7) Time of the measurement 8) Quality of each measurement 9) Information related to the beam of each measurement

[0127] The UL-RTOA may be defined as the time difference between the start of reception of the UL subframe containing the SRS in the TRP and the RTOA reference time at which the UL was transmitted. The gNB may report the geographical coordinates of the TRP to the LMF via the NRPPa.

[0128] FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an example (2) of positioning. As shown in FIG. 23, UE location information may be calculated based on multiple RTTs. The UE location may be estimated based on UE / gNB reception-transmission time difference measurements using DL-PRS and UL-SRS. DL-PRS-RSRP and UL-SRS-RSRP may be used for the estimation. The LMF may determine the RTT using the UE / gNB reception-transmission time difference measurements.

[0129] In a multi-RTT based method, the UE's location may be calculated in the following steps: 1) The gNB transmits DL-PRS from each TRP to the UE; 2) The UE transmits SRS for multiple TRPs; 3) The UE reports the UE reception-transmission time difference to the GW and / or gNB and / or LMF via the LPP; 4) The gNB reports the gNB reception-transmission time difference to the LMF via the NRPPa; and 5) Based on the above information reported from the UE and gNB, the LMF calculates the UE's location.

[0130] For example, as shown in FIG. 23, the RTT between the UE and TRP0, the RTT between the UE and TRP1, and the RTT between the UE and TRP2 may be measured, and the location of the UE may be calculated based on the geographical location of each TRP.

[0131] Figure 24 is a diagram showing an example of measuring RTT. As shown in Figure 24, the UE reception-transmission time difference may refer to the time difference between the timing of receiving a DL subframe from the TRP and the timing of transmitting a UL subframe. Also, as shown in Figure 24, the gNB reception-transmission time difference may refer to the time difference between the timing of receiving a UL subframe from the TRP and the timing of transmitting a DL subframe from the TRP.

[0132] Regarding the calculation of UE location using multiple RTTs, the information shown in 1)-5) below may be reported from the UE to the GW / gNB / LMF.

[0133] 1) PCI, GCI and TRP-ID for each measurement 2) DL-PRS-RSRP measurement result 3) UE reception-transmission time difference measurement result 4) Measurement time 5) Quality of each measurement

[0134] Regarding the calculation of UE location by RTT, the information shown in 1)-9) below may be reported from the gNB to the LMF.

[0135] 1) PCI, GCI and TRP-ID of the TRP controlled by the gNB 2) Timing information of the TRP controlled by the gNB 3) DL-PRS settings of the TRP controlled by the gNB 4) Information related to the SSB of the TRP controlled by the gNB, e.g., SSB time and frequency resources 5) Information related to the spatial direction of the DL-PRS of the TRP controlled by the gNB 6) Information related to the geographical coordinates of the TRP controlled by the gNB 7) NCGI and TRP-ID of the measurement 8) gNB reception-transmission time difference 9) RSRP of the UL-SRS 10) UL-AoA (Angle of Arrival), e.g., azimuth angle and elevation angle 11) Time of measurement 12) Quality of measurement 13) Information related to the beam of the measurement

[0136] For the definitions of UE reception-transmission time difference and gNB reception-transmission time difference, refer to Non-Patent Document 8. As with DL-RSTD, the geographical coordinates of the TRP may be reported.

[0137] As described above, positioning via the Uu interface applied DL-TDOA, UL-TDOA and multi-RTT positioning methods that use RSTD, RTOA and receive-transmit time difference, respectively, which indicate the propagation delay between the UE and the TRP.

[0138] Here, to estimate location using sidelink signals, it is necessary to consider a location estimation algorithm for absolute location estimation or assumed location estimation, the definition and transmission / reception procedure of measurement sidelink signals used for location estimation, the procedure for reporting measurement results, etc. However, the definition and transmission / reception procedure of signals for terminal-to-terminal direct communication used for location positioning were not clear.

[0139] Therefore, for position estimation using a side link, the terminal 20 may transmit and receive signals used for position estimation using a predetermined method. Hereinafter, the signals used for position estimation will be referred to as SL-PRS (SL Positioning RS). Note that position estimation and position measurement may be interchangeable.

[0140] For example, the SL-PRS may be multiplexed with the PSCCH and / or PSSCH transmission and transmitted. Hereinafter, "PSCCH and / or PSSCH" may also be referred to as "PSCCH / PSSCH."

[0141] FIG. 25 is a diagram showing an arrangement example (1) of SL-PRS in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 25, SL-PRS may be multiplexed onto PSSCH by puncturing. Puncturing by SL-PRS may mean that terminal 20 overwrites REs to which information has already been mapped with SL-PRS. As with the mapping order of SL-SCH shown in FIG. 25, the mapping position of SL-SCH does not need to change depending on the presence or absence of SL-PRS. Note that the numbers indicating the mapping order of SL-SCH shown in FIG. 25 are numbers counted within the PRB, and may not be numbers counted across the entire PSSCH. Since the mapping of SL-SCH to PSSCH is performed in frequency-time order for all subchannels of the PSSCH, the numbers shown in FIG. 25 differ from the mapping order of SL-SCH for the entire PSSCH. Since the SL-PRS is mapped by puncturing, some information of the SL-SCH is lost, but UEs that do not recognize the existence of the SL-PRS (for example, UEs up to Release 17) can also decode the SL-SCH. Furthermore, the SL-PRS may be arranged as shown in 1)-3) below.

[0142] 1) 2nd stage SCI and / or DM-RS and / or PT-RS and / or CSI-RS may be arranged in the RE where the SL-PRS may not be multiplexed. For example, overlap between the 2nd stage SCI, DM-RS, PT-RS and CSI-RS and the SL-PRS may not be assumed. For example, if the mapping destination of the SL-PRS is an RE where the 2nd stage SCI, DM-RS, PT-RS or CSI-RS is arranged, mapping of the SL-PRS to the RE may not be performed.

[0143] 2) SL-PRS may not be multiplexed in the RE of the PSCCH. For example, overlap between the PSCCH and the SL-PRS may not be assumed. For example, if the mapping destination of the SL-PRS is the RE where the PSCCH is placed, the PSCCH may be given priority, and mapping of the SL-PRS to the RE may not be performed.

[0144] 3) The SL-PRS may or may not be frequency division multiplexed in the same symbol with the 2nd stage SCI and / or DM-RS and / or PT-RS and / or CSI-RS.

[0145] By mapping the SL-PRS as described above, even UEs that cannot recognize the existence of the SL-PRS (e.g., UEs up to Release 17) can decode the SL-SCH. Furthermore, by using 1) or 2), important signals can be prevented from being replaced with the SL-PRS. Furthermore, by using 3), the flexibility of mapping can be improved when the SL-PRS is frequency-division multiplexed, and UE operation can be simplified when the SL-PRS is not frequency-division multiplexed.

[0146] FIG. 26 is a diagram showing an example (2) of SL-PRS allocation in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 26, the SL-PRS may be multiplexed onto the PSSCH by rate matching. Rate matching using the SL-PRS may mean that the terminal 20 maps other information (for example, the SL-SCH) to the RE to which the SL-PRS is mapped, avoiding the RE to which the SL-PRS is mapped. As shown in FIG. 26, a continuous bit sequence may be transmitted in the SL-SCH without any information being dropped. Note that the numbers indicating the mapping order of the SL-SCH shown in FIG. 26 are numbers counted within the PRB, and may not be numbers counted across the entire PSSCH. Since the mapping of the SL-SCH to the PSSCH is performed in frequency-time order for all subchannels of the PSSCH, the numbers shown in FIG. 26 differ from the mapping order of the SL-SCH for the entire PSSCH. The mapping position of the SL-SCH may change depending on the presence or absence of the SL-PRS. Furthermore, SL-PRS may be arranged as shown in 1)-3) below.

[0147] 1) 2nd stage SCI and / or DM-RS and / or PT-RS and / or CSI-RS may be arranged in the RE where the SL-PRS may not be multiplexed. For example, overlap between the 2nd stage SCI, DM-RS, PT-RS and CSI-RS and the SL-PRS may not be assumed. For example, if the mapping destination of the SL-PRS is an RE where the 2nd stage SCI, DM-RS, PT-RS or CSI-RS is arranged, mapping of the SL-PRS to the RE may not be performed.

[0148] 2) SL-PRS may not be multiplexed in the RE of the PSCCH. For example, overlap between the PSCCH and the SL-PRS may not be assumed. For example, if the mapping destination of the SL-PRS is the RE where the PSCCH is placed, the PSCCH may be given priority, and mapping of the SL-PRS to the RE may not be performed.

[0149] 3) The SL-PRS may or may not be frequency division multiplexed in the same symbol with the 2nd stage SCI and / or DM-RS and / or PT-RS and / or CSI-RS.

[0150] By mapping the SL-PRS as described above, it is possible to reduce the degradation of the decoding performance of the SL-SCH. The above 1) or 2) can ensure that important signals are always transmitted. Furthermore, the above 3) can improve the flexibility of mapping when the SL-PRS is frequency-division multiplexed, and can simplify UE operation when the SL-PRS is not frequency-division multiplexed.

[0151] In addition, the SL-PRS may be transmitted as an existing signal. For example, the signal sequence, mapping, etc. of the SL-PRS may be the same as that of an existing signal. The existing signal may be a DM-RS, a CSI-RS, or a PT-RS. By transmitting the SL-PRS as an existing signal, the UE configuration can be simplified.

[0152] For example, the mapping resource of the SL-PRS may be provided by configuration or pre-configuration, may be provided by the PC5-RRC connection, may be signaled by the SCI, etc. The mapping resource may be a time resource and / or a frequency resource.

[0153] Regarding the mapping resource, different mapping resources may be applied based on the location estimation algorithm, the cast type, or the SCS or numerology.

[0154] By setting the mapping resource as described above, the SL-PRS can be transmitted in an appropriate resource depending on other factors such as the channel state and the amount of transmission data.

[0155] For example, the fact that an SL-PRS is being transmitted may be notified via SCI. This may be performed in combination with any of the above-mentioned SL-PRS mapping methods. When transmitting an SL-PRS, the transmitting UE may notify the presence of the SL-PRS via SCI. When the receiving UE is notified of the presence of the SL-PRS via SCI, it may perform a receiving operation for the SL-PRS.

[0156] The notification by the SCI may be made by any of the methods listed below in 1)-4).

[0157] 1) Notification by a new field using at least some of the reserved bits up to Release 17 in SCI format 1-A (see non-patent document 9).

[0158] 2) Notification via one or more existing fields in SCI format 2-A / 2-B / 2-C (see Non-Patent Document 9), for example, when the combination of values ​​in multiple fields is a predetermined value.

[0159] 3) Notification via the CSI reserved field in SCI format 2-A / 2-C. For example, the CSI request / report mechanism may be reused.

[0160] 4) Notification via a field in a new SCI format. For example, the use of a new SCI format may be signaled by "11" in the 2nd stage SCI format field in SCI format 1-A.

[0161] As described above, by notifying the fact that the SL-PRS is being transmitted via the SCI, it is possible to transmit the SL-PRS only when necessary without assuming that the SL-PRS is always transmitted, thereby improving resource usage efficiency.

[0162] The above-described embodiment may be applied to D2D of NR or D2D of other RATs. Also, the above-described embodiment may be applied to FR2 or other frequency bands.

[0163] The above-described embodiment is not limited to V2X terminals, and may be applied to terminals that perform D2D communication.

[0164] The operations according to the above-described embodiments may be performed only in a specific resource pool, for example, only in a resource pool that can be used by terminals 20 in 3GPP Release 17 or 3GPP Release 18 or later.

[0165] According to the above-described embodiment, the terminal 20 can transmit the SL-PRS on the sidelink. The terminal 20 can also configure the resource to which the SL-PRS is mapped. The terminal 20 can also notify that the SL-PRS is being transmitted.

[0166] That is, positioning can be performed using signals from direct terminal-to-terminal communication.

[0167] (Device Configuration) Next, a functional configuration example of the base station 10 and the terminal 20 that execute the processes and operations described above will be described. The base station 10 and the terminal 20 include functions for implementing the above-described embodiments. However, the base station 10 and the terminal 20 may each include only a part of the functions of the embodiments.

[0168] <Base Station 10> Fig. 27 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the base station 10. As shown in Fig. 27, the base station 10 has a transmitting unit 110, a receiving unit 120, a setting unit 130, and a control unit 140. The functional configuration shown in Fig. 27 is merely an example. The names of the functional divisions and functional units may be any as long as they can execute the operations related to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0169] The transmitter 110 has a function of generating a signal to be transmitted to the terminal 20 and transmitting the signal wirelessly. The receiver 120 has a function of receiving various signals transmitted from the terminal 20 and acquiring, for example, information of a higher layer from the received signal. The transmitter 110 also has a function of transmitting NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL / UL control signals, DL reference signals, etc. to the terminal 20.

[0170] The setting unit 130 stores in a storage device setting information that is set in advance and various setting information to be transmitted to the terminal 20, and reads out the setting information from the storage device as needed. The content of the setting information is, for example, information related to the setting of D2D communication.

[0171] As described in the embodiments, the control unit 140 performs processing related to settings for the terminal 20 to perform D2D communication. Furthermore, the control unit 140 transmits scheduling for D2D communication and DL communication to the terminal 20 via the transmission unit 110. Furthermore, the control unit 140 receives information related to HARQ responses for D2D communication and DL communication from the terminal 20 via the reception unit 120. A functional unit related to signal transmission in the control unit 140 may be included in the transmission unit 110, and a functional unit related to signal reception in the control unit 140 may be included in the reception unit 120.

[0172] <Terminal 20> Fig. 28 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the terminal 20. As shown in Fig. 28, the terminal 20 has a transmitting unit 210, a receiving unit 220, a setting unit 230, and a control unit 240. The functional configuration shown in Fig. 28 is merely an example. The names of the functional divisions and functional units may be any as long as they can execute the operations related to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0173] The above-mentioned LTE-SL transmission / reception mechanism (module) and the above-mentioned NR-SL transmission / reception mechanism (module) may each have a separate transmitting unit 210, receiving unit 220, setting unit 230, and control unit 240.

[0174] The transmitter 210 creates a transmission signal from transmission data and transmits the transmission signal wirelessly. The receiver 220 wirelessly receives various signals and acquires higher layer signals from the received physical layer signals. The receiver 220 also has a function of receiving NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL / UL / SL control signals or reference signals transmitted from the base station 10. For example, the transmitter 210 transmits a PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel), a PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel), a PSDCH (Physical Sidelink Discovery Channel), a PSBCH (Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel), or the like to another terminal 20 as D2D communication, and the receiver 220 receives the PSCCH, PSSCH, PSDCH, or PSBCH from the other terminal 20.

[0175] The setting unit 230 stores various pieces of setting information received from the base station 10 or the terminal 20 by the receiving unit 220 in a storage device and reads the information from the storage device as needed. The setting unit 230 also stores setting information that is set in advance. The content of the setting information is, for example, information related to the setting of D2D communication.

[0176] As described in the embodiments, the control unit 240 controls D2D communication that establishes an RRC connection with another terminal 20. The control unit 240 also performs processing related to power saving operation. The control unit 240 also performs processing related to HARQ for D2D communication and DL communication. The control unit 240 also transmits, to the base station 10, information related to HARQ responses for D2D communication and DL communication to another terminal 20 scheduled by the base station 10. The control unit 240 may also schedule D2D communication for the other terminal 20. The control unit 240 may also autonomously select resources to be used for D2D communication from a resource selection window based on a sensing result, or may perform reevaluation or preemption. The control unit 240 also performs processing related to power saving in transmission and reception of D2D communication. The control unit 240 also performs processing related to inter-terminal coordination in D2D communication. The functional units in the control unit 240 related to signal transmission may be included in the transmitting unit 210 , and the functional units in the control unit 240 related to signal reception may be included in the receiving unit 220 .

[0177] (Hardware Configuration) The block diagrams (FIGS. 27 and 28) used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wires, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may be realized by combining software with the single device or the multiple devices.

[0178] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, assessment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. As mentioned above, there are no particular limitations on how these functions are implemented.

[0179] For example, the base station 10, the terminal 20, etc. according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 29 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the terminal 20 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The base station 10 and the terminal 20 described above may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a storage device 1002, an auxiliary storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0180] In the following description, the term "apparatus" can be interpreted as a circuit, a device, a unit, etc. The hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of the apparatuses shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the apparatuses.

[0181] Each function in the base station 10 and the terminal 20 is realized by loading specified software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001, the memory device 1002, etc., so that the processor 1001 performs calculations, controls communication by the communication device 1004, and controls at least one of reading and writing data in the memory device 1002 and the auxiliary memory device 1003.

[0182] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer by running, for example, an operating system. The processor 1001 may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, the above-mentioned control unit 140, control unit 240, etc. may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0183] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the auxiliary storage device 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the storage device 1002 and executes various processes in accordance with the programs. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control unit 140 of the base station 10 shown in FIG. 27 may be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and running on the processor 1001. Furthermore, for example, the control unit 240 of the terminal 20 shown in FIG. 28 may be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and running on the processor 1001. While the above-described various processes have been described as being executed by one processor 1001, they may also be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. The programs may also be transmitted from a network via a telecommunications line.

[0184] The storage device 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured, for example, by at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), etc. The storage device 1002 may also be called a register, a cache, a main memory, etc. The storage device 1002 can store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0185] The secondary storage device 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be, for example, at least one of an optical disk such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk, a digital versatile disk, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disk), a smart card, a flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy (registered trademark) disk, a magnetic strip, etc. The above-mentioned storage medium may be, for example, a database, a server, or other appropriate medium including at least one of the storage device 1002 and the secondary storage device 1003.

[0186] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, a transmission / reception antenna, an amplifier unit, a transmission / reception unit, a transmission path interface, etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004. The transmission / reception unit may be implemented as a transmission unit and a reception unit that are physically or logically separated.

[0187] The input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that receives input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (e.g., a touch panel).

[0188] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the storage device 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0189] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized by the hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0190] Fig. 30 shows an example configuration of a vehicle 2001. As shown in Fig. 30, the vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013. Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be applied to a communication device mounted on the vehicle 2001, and may be applied to the communication module 2013, for example.

[0191] The drive unit 2002 is configured, for example, by an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0192] The electronic control unit 2010 is composed of a microprocessor 2031, a memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and a communication port (IO port) 2033. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 2010 from various sensors 2021 to 2029 provided in the vehicle 2001. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be called an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0193] The signals from the various sensors 2021 to 2029 include a current signal from a current sensor 2021 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front and rear wheels obtained by a rotation speed sensor 2022, an air pressure signal of the front and rear wheels obtained by an air pressure sensor 2023, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 2024, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 2025, an accelerator pedal depression amount signal obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 2029, a brake pedal depression amount signal obtained by a brake pedal sensor 2026, a shift lever operation signal obtained by a shift lever sensor 2027, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 2028.

[0194] The information service unit 2012 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a television, and a radio, for providing various types of information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 2012 provides various types of multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001 by using information acquired from external devices via the communication module 2013, etc.

[0195] The driving assistance system unit 2030 is composed of various devices that provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driving burden on the driver, such as millimeter-wave radar, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., GNSS, etc.), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps, etc.), gyro systems (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System), etc.), AI (Artificial Intelligence) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. In addition, the driving assistance system unit 2030 transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to realize the driving assistance function or the autonomous driving function.

[0196] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 2001 via the communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 transmits and receives data via the communication port 2033 to and from the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021 to 29, which are provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0197] The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. The external device may be, for example, a base station, a mobile station, or the like.

[0198] The communication module 2013 transmits, via wireless communication to an external device, a current signal from the current sensor that is input to the electronic control unit 2010. The communication module 2013 also transmits, via wireless communication to an external device, the rotation speed signals of the front and rear wheels acquired by a rotation speed sensor 2022, the air pressure signals of the front and rear wheels acquired by an air pressure sensor 2023, the vehicle speed signal acquired by a vehicle speed sensor 2024, the acceleration signal acquired by an acceleration sensor 2025, the accelerator pedal depression amount signal acquired by an accelerator pedal sensor 2029, the brake pedal depression amount signal acquired by a brake pedal sensor 2026, the shift lever operation signal acquired by a shift lever sensor 2027, and detection signals for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. acquired by an object detection sensor 2028, all of which are input to the electronic control unit 2010.

[0199] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from external devices and displays it on the information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle 2001. The communication module 2013 also stores the various information received from the external devices in a memory 2032 that can be used by the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in the memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axles 2009, sensors 2021 to 2029, etc. provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0200] (Summary of the embodiment) As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, a terminal is provided which has a control unit that maps a signal used for positioning onto a signal for direct terminal-to-terminal communication, and a transmission unit that transmits the signal for direct terminal-to-terminal communication to another terminal, and the control unit multiplexes the signal used for positioning onto a control channel or a shared channel of the signal for direct terminal-to-terminal communication.

[0201] With the above configuration, the terminal 20 can transmit the SL-PRS on the side link, i.e., can perform positioning using signals for direct terminal-to-terminal communication.

[0202] The control unit may map the signal used for the positioning to resources obtained by puncturing a part of the shared channel. With this configuration, even a UE that cannot recognize the existence of an SL-PRS can decode an SL-SCH.

[0203] The control unit may map the shared channel to which rate matching is applied, avoiding resources to which the signal used for the positioning is mapped. With this configuration, it is possible to reduce degradation of decoding performance of SL-SCH.

[0204] The control unit may not map a signal used for the positioning to a resource to which control information or a reference signal arranged on the shared channel is mapped among the signals of the terminal-to-terminal direct communication. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent important signals from being replaced with SL-PRS.

[0205] The control unit may frequency-division multiplex a resource to which control information or a reference signal to be allocated to the shared channel is mapped, among the signals of the terminal-to-terminal direct communication, and the signal used for the positioning. With this configuration, it is possible to improve the flexibility of mapping by frequency-division multiplexing the SL-PRS.

[0206] Furthermore, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a communication method is provided in which a terminal executes a control procedure for mapping a signal used for positioning onto a signal for terminal-to-terminal direct communication, a transmission procedure for transmitting the signal for terminal-to-terminal direct communication to another terminal, and a procedure for multiplexing the signal used for positioning onto a control channel or a shared channel of the signal for terminal-to-terminal direct communication.

[0207] With the above configuration, the terminal 20 can transmit the SL-PRS on the side link, i.e., can perform positioning using signals for direct terminal-to-terminal communication.

[0208] (Supplementary Notes on the Embodiments) Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the disclosed invention is not limited to such embodiments, and those skilled in the art will understand various modifications, alterations, alternatives, and substitutions. While specific numerical examples have been used to facilitate understanding of the invention, unless otherwise specified, these numerical values ​​are merely examples, and any appropriate values ​​may be used. The division of items in the above description is not essential to the present invention; matters described in two or more items may be used in combination as needed, and matters described in one item may apply to matters described in another item (as long as there is no contradiction). Boundaries between functional units or processing units in functional block diagrams do not necessarily correspond to boundaries between physical components. The operations of multiple functional units may be performed by a single physical component, or the operations of a single functional unit may be performed by multiple physical components. The order of processing steps described in the embodiments may be reversed as long as there is no contradiction. For convenience of processing description, the base station 10 and terminal 20 have been described using functional block diagrams, but such devices may be realized by hardware, software, or a combination thereof. The software operated by the processor of the base station 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention and the software operated by the processor of the terminal 20 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention may each be stored in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), EPROM, EEPROM, register, hard disk (HDD), removable disk, CD-ROM, database, server, or any other suitable storage medium.

[0209] Furthermore, the notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB)), other signals, or a combination thereof. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, and may be, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, or the like.

[0210] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be implemented using any of the following standards: LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG) (xG (x is, for example, an integer or a decimal number)), FRA (Future Radio Access), NR (new Radio), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.17 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.19 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.21 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.22 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.23 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.24 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.25 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.26 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.27 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.28 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.29 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.30 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.31 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.32 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.33 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.34 ( The present invention may be applied to at least one of systems using 802.20, UWB (Ultra-Wide Band), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other suitable systems, and next-generation systems that are extended, modified, created, or defined based on these systems. The present invention may also be applied to a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE and / or LTE-A with 5G).

[0211] The order of the procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described herein may be rearranged unless it is consistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order and are not limited to the particular order presented.

[0212] In this specification, a specific operation described as being performed by the base station 10 may be performed by its upper node in some cases. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having the base station 10, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with the terminal 20 may be performed by at least one of the base station 10 and another network node other than the base station 10 (such as, but not limited to, an MME or an S-GW). Although the above example illustrates a case where there is one other network node other than the base station 10, the other network node may be a combination of multiple other network nodes (such as an MME and an S-GW).

[0213] The information, signals, etc. described in the present disclosure may be output from a higher layer (or a lower layer) to a lower layer (or a higher layer), or may be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0214] Input and output information may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information may be overwritten, updated, or added to. Output information may be deleted. Input information may be transmitted to another device.

[0215] In the present disclosure, the determination may be made based on a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), a Boolean value (true or false), or a numerical comparison (e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0216] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0217] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), then these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0218] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0219] Note that terms described in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of a channel and a symbol may be a signal (signaling). Furthermore, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be called a carrier frequency, a cell, a frequency carrier, etc.

[0220] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" are used interchangeably.

[0221] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by an index.

[0222] The names used for the above-described parameters are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0223] In the present disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNodeB (eNB)," "gNodeB (gNB)," "access point," "transmission point," "reception point," "transmission / reception point," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. A base station may also be referred to by terms such as a macrocell, a small cell, a femtocell, and a picocell.

[0224] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be partitioned into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can also be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (RRH: Remote Radio Head)). The terms "cell" or "sector" refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication services within that coverage.

[0225] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," and the like may be used interchangeably.

[0226] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0227] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a mobile body, the mobile body itself, etc. The mobile body may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile body (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may also include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0228] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a user terminal. For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple terminals 20 (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the terminal 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "side"). For example, terms such as an uplink channel and a downlink channel may be read as a side channel.

[0229] Similarly, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be read as a base station, in which case the base station may be configured to have the functions of the user terminal described above.

[0230] As used in this disclosure, the terms "determining" and "determining" may encompass a wide variety of actions. "Determining" and "determining" may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiring (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), ascertaining, and the like. "Determining" and "determining" may also include receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), and the like. Furthermore, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. as having been "judged" or "decided." In other words, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding some action as having been "judged" or "decided." Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can be interpreted as "assuming," "expecting," "considering," etc.

[0231] The terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access." As used in this disclosure, two elements may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other using one or more wires, cables, and / or printed electrical connections, as well as electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, and optical (both visible and invisible) range, as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0232] The reference signal may be abbreviated as RS (Reference Signal) or may be called a pilot depending on the applicable standard.

[0233] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0234] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

[0235] The "means" in the configuration of each of the above devices may be replaced with "part," "circuit," "device," etc.

[0236] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when the term "or" is used in this disclosure, it is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0237] A radio frame may be composed of one or more frames in the time domain. Each of the one or more frames in the time domain may be called a subframe. A subframe may further be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0238] Numerology may be communication parameters that apply to the transmission and / or reception of a signal or channel, such as subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering operations performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, specific windowing operations performed by the transceiver in the time domain, etc.

[0239] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol) in the time domain. A slot may be a time unit based on numerology.

[0240] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0241] The radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals, and may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol.

[0242] For example, one subframe may be called a transmission time interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be called a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc. instead of a subframe.

[0243] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate wireless resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each terminal 20) to each terminal 20 in TTI units. Note that the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0244] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0245] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0246] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in LTE Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0247] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and greater than or equal to 1 ms.

[0248] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of the numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on the numerology.

[0249] The time domain of an RB may include one or more symbols and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0250] Note that one or more RBs may also be called a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0251] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0252] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (which may also be referred to as a fractional bandwidth) may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a Common Reference Point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a BWP and numbered within the BWP.

[0253] The BWP may include a BWP for UL (UL BWP) and a BWP for DL ​​(DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be set for the terminal 20 within one carrier.

[0254] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the terminal 20 may not expect to transmit or receive a predetermined signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," and the like in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0255] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples, and various changes may be made to the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc.

[0256] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0257] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0258] The aspects / embodiments described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Notification of predetermined information (e.g., notification that "X is true") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be implicit (e.g., not notifying the predetermined information).

[0259] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the description of the present disclosure is intended to be illustrative and does not have any limiting meaning on the present disclosure.

[0260] 10 Base station 110 Transmitter 120 Receiver 130 Setting unit 140 Control unit 20 Terminal 210 Transmitter 220 Receiver 230 Setting unit 240 Control unit 1001 Processor 1002 Storage device 1003 Auxiliary storage device 1004 Communication device 1005 Input device 1006 Output device 2001 Vehicle 2002 Drive unit 2003 Steering unit 2004 Accelerator pedal 2005 Brake pedal 2006 Shift lever 2007 Front wheels 2008 Rear wheels 2009 Axle 2010 Electronic control unit 2012 Information service unit 2013 Communication module 2021 Current sensor 2022 Rotation speed sensor 2023 Tire pressure sensor 2024 Vehicle speed sensor 2025 Acceleration sensor 2026 Brake pedal sensor 2027 Shift lever sensor 2028 Object detection sensor 2029 Accelerator pedal sensor 2030 Driving assistance system unit 2031 Microprocessor 2032 Memory (ROM, RAM) 2033 Communication port (IO port)

Claims

1. A receiving unit that receives configuration information from a network regarding a time resource of a positioning reference signal in a resource pool used for transmitting both the positioning reference signal and a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) in direct communication between terminals; a control unit that identifies a symbol for transmitting the positioning reference signal from the resource pool based on the configuration information; a transmitting unit configured to transmit user data to another terminal using resource elements in the resource pool that do not exist in the specified symbol. Terminal.

2. The control unit controls not to transmit the positioning reference signal in symbols in which a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH), a DM-RS, and a SL CSI-RS are transmitted. The terminal according to claim 1.

3. The transmitter transmits an SCI indicating that the positioning reference signal is to be transmitted via a PSCCH. The terminal according to claim 1.

4. The SCI is SCI format 1-A, The transmission of the positioning reference signal is indicated by “11” in the 2nd stage SCI format field in the SCI format 1-A. The terminal according to claim 3.

5. A step of receiving from a network configuration information regarding time resources of a positioning reference signal (PRS) in a resource pool used for transmitting both a PRS and a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) in terminal-to-terminal direct communication; identifying a symbol for transmitting the PRS from the resource pool based on the configuration information; transmitting user data to another terminal using resource elements in the resource pool that do not exist in the specified symbol; Communication methods.

6. A communication system for terminal-to-terminal direct communication, comprising: The network is A transmitter configured to transmit, to a first terminal, configuration information regarding a time resource of a positioning reference signal (PRS) in a resource pool used for transmitting both the PRS and a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), The first terminal comprises: A receiving unit for receiving configuration information regarding time resources of the PRS from the network; a control unit that identifies a symbol for transmitting the PRS from the resource pool based on the configuration information; A transmitting unit that transmits the PSSCH to a second terminal using resource elements in the resource pool that do not exist in the specified symbol. Communication systems.