Measurement device, measurement system, and method for erecting structure

Abstract

A measurement device (18i) for measuring measurement target deformation information associated with a direction parallel to a prescribed direction that is parallel to the direction of gravity comprises a pair of attachment portions (20A, 20B) which are spaced apart from each other in the prescribed direction and can be fixed to the measurement target, a coupling member (22) which couples the pair of attachment portions fixed to the fixation target and extends substantially parallel to the prescribed direction, and a strain sensor (181) which is fixed to the coupling member and measures coupling member deformation information in the prescribed direction, wherein, in a state in which the pair of attachment portions have been fixed to the measurement target, the pair of attachment portions can move toward and away from one another in the prescribed direction in accordance with the deformation of the measurement target in the prescribed direction.

Description

Measurement device, measurement system, and method for erecting a structure

[0001] The present invention relates to a measuring device, a measuring system, and a method for erecting a structure, and more particularly to a measuring device that measures the unidirectional strain of an object made of a magnetic material, for example, a building measurement system suitable for steel frame erection work in a steel-framed building, and a method for erecting a structure including multiple columns.This application claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-208005, filed December 26, 2022, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] In a steel-frame building, multiple steel columns (node ​​columns) are stacked one on top of the other vertically and connected by welding or bolting via joints. As a result, as construction progresses, the weight of the superstructure is placed on the lower node columns, causing them to shrink in height. The length (height) of the upper node columns placed on top must be increased by the amount of shrinkage in the height of the lower node columns, adjusting the overall length (height) of the columns. For this reason, the length of the lower node columns is measured to determine the amount of shrinkage, and the length of the upper node columns is adjusted and ordered from a production factory each time. Accurate adjustments require accurate measurement of the steel frame length.

[0003] Various laser length measuring devices are used to measure the length of steel frames. However, construction sites are full of obstacles such as floors, scaffolding, and nets, and they must be used outdoors in temperatures between -20°C and 50°C, making it difficult for laser length measuring devices to cope with these installation environments.

[0004] On the other hand, a strain sensor module that includes a semiconductor chip on which a strain sensor is formed, a chip mounting portion, and a wiring board is known as a measuring device that measures the strain of an object with high precision (see, for example, Patent Document 1). However, the strain sensor module described in Patent Document 1 needs to be closely attached to the object to be measured with an adhesive or the like, and therefore is not suitable for steel-frame construction sites where many steel columns are to be measured. This is because the work of attaching the strain sensor module to the steel columns requires a lot of time and effort.

[0005] Furthermore, simply attaching multiple strain sensor modules to multiple steel columns makes it difficult to effectively utilize the measurement information from each individual strain sensor module.

[0006] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2021-181942

[0007] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a measurement device that measures deformation information of a measurement object in a predetermined direction parallel to the direction of gravity, comprising: a pair of mounting parts that are spaced apart in the predetermined direction and can each be fixed to the measurement object; a connecting member that extends substantially parallel to the predetermined direction and connects the pair of mounting parts fixed to the measurement object; and a strain sensor that is fixed to the connecting member and measures deformation information of the connecting member in the predetermined direction, wherein the pair of mounting parts, while fixed to the measurement object, can move closer to or away from each other in the predetermined direction in response to the deformation of the measurement object in the predetermined direction.

[0008] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a measurement system for a building constructed by stacking structures in the direction of gravity, comprising a management device connected to each other via a network and a plurality of measurement devices relating to the first aspect, wherein each of the plurality of measurement devices measures a plurality of erected nodal columns as its measurement object, and is fixed to the measurement object via a pair of mounting parts in an orientation in which the specified direction is aligned with the longitudinal direction of the measurement object.

[0009] According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for erecting a structure including columns with multiple nodes, the method comprising: prior to erecting a predetermined n (n≧2) node column, acquiring length deformation information for node columns up to the (n−1)th node, which will be the lower node column of the n-node column whose erection has already been completed, based on the results of strain measurement of each lower node column up to the (n−1)th node; correcting or changing a design value for the length of the n-node column in consideration of the acquired deformation information of all of the lower node columns; manufacturing the n-node column based on the corrected design value; and erecting the manufactured n-node column on top of the (n−1)th node column, which is the lower node column.

[0010] FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of a measurement system according to one embodiment used in the construction of a steel-framed building. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the main body of the measurement device together with the node column to be measured. FIG. 3(A) is a plan view of the main body of the measurement device, and FIG. 3(B) is a bottom view of the main body of the measurement device and a front view of the main body of the measurement device. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control system of the measurement device. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a steel-framed building. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a processing algorithm according to a program executed by the CPU of the calculation processing unit of the measurement device. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a processing algorithm according to a program related to column length measurement executed by the CPU of the server.

[0011] An embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8. FIG.

[0012] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of a measurement system 10 according to an embodiment used in the construction of a steel-framed building.

[0013] The measurement system 10 includes a server 12 that also functions as a management device, a field computer 14 that serves as a manager's terminal, a mobile terminal 16 that serves as a worker's terminal, and a plurality of measurement devices 18 that are connected to one another via a wide area network (hereinafter, abbreviated as "network") 13 such as the Internet. ｉ (i=1, 2, . . . ).

[0014] Multiple measuring devices 18 ｉ Each of the measuring devices 18 is connected to the network 13 via a communication line, for example, a wireless LAN. ｉ Of these, three measuring devices 18 １ ~18 ３ is shown as a representative example. Note that the communication lines may all be wireless, or at least some may be wired. The communication lines and the network 13 may be part of the same network. In the following, the network 13 is referred to as a network 13, which is connected to a server 12, a field computer 14, a mobile terminal 16, and a plurality of measuring devices 18. ｉA single network including all of the communication lines connecting the measuring devices 18 will be referred to as a network (communication network) 13 using the same reference numeral as the wide area network 13. ｉ The output of the measuring device 18 is directly provided to the server 12 via the network 13. ｉ The output of the above may be provided to the server 12 via another terminal device connected to the network, such as the on-site computer 14.

[0015] In this embodiment, a commonly used server computer is used as the server 12, but a cloud (computer) may also be used. The server 12 includes a CPU, ROM, RAM, HDD, etc. (storage), which are not shown. The CPU, for example, uses the RAM as a work area and executes various processing algorithms defined by various programs stored in the ROM, HDD, etc. Note that the configuration of the server 12, which also functions as a management device, is not limited to that of this embodiment. Furthermore, the management device is not limited to hardware as in this embodiment, but may be software capable of at least executing a calculation function, for example.

[0016] In this embodiment, a commonly used computer is used as the on-site computer 14. The on-site computer 14 is equipped with an operation unit such as a keyboard and a mouse, and a display unit such as an LCD display. The on-site computer 14 performs data communication with other terminal devices (such as the server 12 and the mobile terminal 16) connected to the network 13 via the network 13 in response to instructions input via the operation unit by a site supervisor or other manager. The on-site computer 14 does not necessarily have to be provided as the manager's terminal. In this case, the mobile terminal 16 may be used instead. A mobile terminal similar to the mobile terminal 16 may be provided as the on-site computer 14.

[0017] The mobile terminal 16 is carried by a worker at the construction site (hereinafter, also referred to as a site worker or a worker, as appropriate). As an example, a smartphone is used as the mobile terminal 16. Note that the mobile terminal may also be a commonly used portable computer, such as a tablet PC.

[0018] Next, the measuring device 18 ｉ The configuration of the measuring device 18 will be described. ｉ is a measuring device that measures the strain (deformation information) of a measurement object, and in this embodiment, a solid object made of a magnetic material is the measurement object. ｉ Among these, FIG. 2 shows the measurement device 18 ｉ The main body 180 of the device is the joint column 100 to be measured. ｊｐ 2, the two-dot chain line labeled 185 indicates a housing that covers the device main body 180. Fig. 3(A) shows a plan view of the device main body 180 (viewed from the +Y direction in Fig. 2), Fig. 3(B) shows a bottom view of the device main body 180 (viewed from the -Y direction in Fig. 2), and Fig. 4 shows a front view of the device main body 180 (viewed from the +X direction in Fig. 2).

[0019] As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the device main body 180 comprises a pair of magnet bases 20A, 20B arranged at a distance from each other in a predetermined direction (the Z-axis direction (gravity direction) in Figure 2, the up-down direction), a connecting member 22 made of a metal plate member extending in a predetermined direction to connect the pair of magnet bases 20A, 20B to each other, and a pair of guide members 24.

[0020] One magnet base 20A has a roughly rectangular parallelepiped main body 21 １ and the main body 21 １ The other magnet base 20B has two magnets 23 (see FIG. 3B) embedded in two recesses formed in the bottom surface of the base 20B. Similarly, the other magnet base 20B has a roughly rectangular parallelepiped main body 21. ２ and the main body 21 ２ The magnet 23 has two magnets 23 (see FIG. 3B) embedded in two recesses formed in the bottom surface of the magnet 23.

[0021] Each magnet 23 is attached to the main body 21 of each magnet base 20A, 20B. １ , 21 ２ The recessed portion protrudes slightly from the bottom surface of the magnet 23 (see FIG. 4). In this embodiment, a rectangular magnet is used as the magnet 23, but this is not limiting and magnets of other shapes, such as circular, may also be used. The shape of the magnet may be adjusted to match the shape of the recessed portion.

[0022] Main body 21 of magnet base 20A １ The magnet base 20B has a cutout 21a formed therein, which has a predetermined depth from the surface on the +Y side and a predetermined depth from the surface on the +Z side. ２ Each of the cutouts 21a and 21b has a predetermined depth from the +Y side surface and a predetermined depth from the -Z side surface. One end and the other end of the connecting member 22 are inserted into the cutouts 21a and 21b from the +Y side and arranged parallel to the XZ plane. The one end and the other end of the connecting member 22 are fixed to the inner bottom surface of each of the cutouts 21a and 21b using screws 26 (see FIG. 3(A)).

[0023] A strain sensor 181 is fixed by adhesive or the like to one surface of the longitudinal center portion of the connecting member 22. As the strain sensor 181, for example, a semiconductor strain sensor of the type in which a sensor element and peripheral circuits such as an A / D converter and an amplifier are mounted on a semiconductor chip is used.

[0024] The pair of guide members 24 are made of rod-shaped members with a circular cross section that extend in the Z-axis direction, and are attached to the main body 21 of one (-Z side) of the magnet base 20A. １ The other end (+Z side end) of each of the pair of guide members 24 is fixed to the main body 21 of the other magnet base 20B. ２ The metal pieces 21 are inserted from below (in the -Z direction) into a pair of round holes 21c (see FIG. 2) formed in the metal piece 21 in the Z-axis direction.

[0025] In the device main body 180 configured in this manner, when a force acting on at least one of the magnet pedestals 20A and 20B in a direction that brings them closer together (or a force acting in a direction that moves them apart) acts on the pair of guide members 24, the magnet pedestal 20B moves slightly toward (or away from) the magnet pedestal 20A along the pair of guide members 24. At the same time, the force acts as a compressive force (or a tensile force) on the connecting member 22, causing the length of the connecting member 22 to change. The strain of the connecting member 22 (strain in the direction of gravity) corresponding to this change in length is measured by the strain sensor 181. Strain is defined as the ratio of the change in length (deformation amount) ΔL of an object to the original length L of the object. Therefore, strain is a dimensionless number without units. In this specification, measured or calculated values ​​of strain will also be referred to as strain values, where appropriate. Strain can also be referred to as the deformation rate.

[0026] In this embodiment, the measuring device 18 ｉ Each of these is a steel column (hereinafter referred to as a column as appropriate) 100 that constitutes a steel-framed building 110, an example of which is shown in FIG. ｊ (j = 1, 2, 3, ...) is the measurement target. In addition, multiple (multiple nodes) columns are connected (joined) to form a single column, but hereinafter, a single joined column will be referred to as a column, and each node column will be referred to as a node column or a p-node column with the node number p added.

[0027] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the measuring device 18 ｉ One measuring device 18 is attached. ｉ The measuring device 18 can be attached to the object to be measured with a single touch by magnetic attraction by the magnets 23 of the pair of magnetic pedestals 20A and 20B. ｉ In this embodiment, the measuring device 18 is attached to the joint column with the direction of separation between the pair of magnet pedestals 20A and 20B aligned with the longitudinal direction of the joint column. ｉ The mounting position is set.

[0028] FIG. 5 shows the measurement device 18ｉ The control system includes a strain sensor 181, a processing unit 182, a communication unit 183, a power supply unit 184 including a battery, and a display operation unit 187.

[0029] The arithmetic processing unit 182 is configured by, for example, an MPU (Micro-Processing Unit). The MPU is an IC with the same structure as a computer having a CPU, a memory device (memory), etc. The arithmetic processing unit 182 executes a processing algorithm defined by a program stored in the memory device. The arithmetic processing unit 182 calculates the strain value measurement information output from the strain sensor 181 and outputs it to the measuring device 18. ｉ The processing unit 182 supplies the measurement data to the communication unit 183 as a single piece of sensor data with the identification information (ID) of the measurement device 18. ｉ The arithmetic processing unit 182 also controls the entire system. It is to be noted that the arithmetic processing unit 182 does not need to be provided separately from the strain sensor 181, and that an ASIC built into the strain sensor 181 may also have the functions of the arithmetic processing unit 182. It is to be noted that one piece of sensor data is not limited to a single piece of data being integrated, and it is sufficient that multiple pieces of information included in one piece of sensor data (for example, measurement information of strain values ​​and identification information) are linked to each other.

[0030] In this embodiment, the communication unit 183 functions as a Wi-Fi communication (wireless LAN communication) unit, for example. ｉ The sensor data is output from the communication unit 183 to the server 12 via the network 13. A part of the communication unit 183 may be configured by a wired communication unit.

[0031] The arithmetic processing unit 182, the communication unit 183, and the power supply unit 184, together with the device main body 180, are covered in a waterproof housing 185 (see FIG. 2). The housing 185 is configured so as not to interfere with the movement of the magnet base 20B in the Z-axis direction.

[0032] In this embodiment, the power supply unit 184 is configured to be able to turn on and off the power supply to each unit by remote operation from outside (for example, the server 12, the on-site computer 14, or the mobile terminal 16). Alternatively, a power switch that can be manually turned on and off may be provided on the housing 185. A power supply that does not turn on and off may also be used.

[0033] The display operation unit 187 is configured, for example, by a small touch panel (display), and is attached to the housing 185 in a state in which it covers from the inside an opening formed on the surface of the housing 185 (the surface on the +Y side in FIG. 2). The touch panel is an electronic component that combines a display device such as a liquid crystal panel with a position input device such as a touchpad, and is an input device that operates the equipment by tapping the display on the screen. ｉ The display operation unit 187 may be provided with a sensor other than the strain sensor 181, such as a temperature and humidity sensor or an impact sensor. ｉ This is used when an operator inputs information specifying the installation position of the measuring device at the time of initial setup of the measuring device 18. ｉ After the measuring device is attached to the joint column to be measured, when the power is turned on by the worker via the mobile terminal 16, an input screen for information for initial setup is displayed on the screen of the display operation unit 187. Note that a display operation unit does not necessarily have to be provided, and in this case, for example, information related to the attachment position may be input from a mobile terminal or the like via the network 13. Note that a touch panel does not necessarily have to be provided, and the measuring device may be operated remotely via the network.

[0034] In this embodiment, a measuring device 18 is attached to each joint post to be attached. ｉSince each measuring device is installed at the same location on each node column, the information identifying the installation location of the measuring device is sufficient to identify the node column to which the measuring device is to be installed (e.g., the column number and the node number). However, if the installation location differs for each node column, the information identifying the installation location of the measuring device must also include information identifying the installation location. The input information identifying the installation location of the measuring device is stored in memory (e.g., RAM) by the CPU of the calculation processing unit 182. Note that the information on the node column to which the measuring device is to be installed (e.g., the column number and the node number) and the information identifying the installation location for each node column can be collectively referred to as the installation information of the measuring device. Hereinafter, an ID (identification code) is assigned (linked) to management information that compiles information for identifying the measuring device (e.g., the device number) and the installation information of the measuring device for each measuring device, and the ID information (including at least the management information and the ID) is sent to the server 12 together with the installation completion notification or serves as the installation completion notification. In this embodiment, after a worker or the like installs a measuring device on a node post, the worker or the like sends the ID information to the server 12 using a network-connected measuring device or a terminal (such as a PC or a smartphone) to complete the initial setup. However, the worker or the like may also pick up a designated measuring device and install the measuring device at a designated node post location according to instructions (including the ID information). In this case, the initial setup (creation and transmission of ID information) is not necessarily performed; that is, the worker or the like may simply send a notification to the server 12 that the measuring device installation is complete. This is because the contents of the instructions (such as ID information) are stored in the server 12. However, after the measuring device is installed, the ID information (at least management information) may be sent to the server 12, as in this embodiment. In this case, the server 12 can check whether or not a worker or the like made an installation error with the measuring device, thereby eliminating work errors. If an installation error is confirmed, the server 12 issues an alarm (e.g., sound, light, text, etc.) to the measuring device or a terminal (such as a PC or a smartphone) to prompt the worker or the like to reinstall the measuring device. The instruction sheet may be a piece of paper on which the ID information and the like is printed, or may be a display of at least part of the ID information (including the installation information) on the display operation unit 187 of the measuring device.

[0035] Measuring device 18 ｉ When the installation and initial setting of the measurement target (joint column) are completed, the measurement device 18 ｉ The calculation processing unit 182 of the measuring device 18 ｉ An ID for each measuring device 18 is created, and information (including the created ID) notifying that the initial setting has been completed is sent to the server 12. The ID includes a device number unique to the measuring device and information specifying the installation position of the measuring device (the installation information described above). The device number is assigned to each measuring device 18 in advance at the time of shipment from the factory. ｉ In this embodiment, the data is written in the memory of each measuring device 18. ｉ The relationship between the installation position (i.e., the column number and section number, and the part as necessary) and the device number (the identification number unique to the measuring device) is managed by the server 12.

[0036] Also, the measuring device 18 ｉ The control system of the measuring device 18 is not limited to the configuration of this embodiment. ｉ The control system of need only include a sensor unit including the strain sensor 181, and the strain sensor 181 and other units (including the arithmetic processing unit 182, etc.) may be connected via a wireless or wired communication line, and may be configured to output data from the strain sensor 181 and supply power to the strain sensor 181 via the communication line. In this case, it is not necessary to provide an other unit for each control system, and multiple control systems may be connected to the same other unit via a communication line. Furthermore, the functions of this other unit may be provided in another terminal device, such as the on-site computer 14.

[0037] Measuring device 18 ｉ However, the configuration of the main body of the measuring device is not particularly limited as long as the strain sensor 181 is configured to be able to detect the change in the distance between the pair of magnetic bases (change in the strain value of the connecting member) in response to the expansion and contraction of the measurement object (steel column) when the measurement object is magnetically attracted to the magnet 23 of the magnetic bases 20A and 20B.

[0038] Here, although the explanation is out of order, the measuring device 18 ｉ This section explains how to calculate the amount of expansion and contraction (amount of contraction or deformation in the direction of gravity) of the measurement object (joint column) using the above method.

[0039] The strain value (measured value) measured by the strain sensor 181 at the time of initial measurement, that is, the initial value of the strain value, is defined as ε ０ The strain value (measured value) measured by the strain sensor 181 when measuring the amount of expansion and contraction after the initial measurement is defined as ε. １ Here, the initial measurement is the time when the measurement target (joint column) is erected and the measurement device 18 ｉ Immediately after the joint column is attached and the initial setting is performed, the measuring device 18 ｉ However, the timing of the initial measurement is determined by the measurement device 18. ｉ The measurement device 18 may be installed after the measurement object is fixed to the upper section column, etc., before the upper section column, etc., is placed on the lower section column. ｉ The initial value (initial measurement value) may be the earliest measurement value among measurement values ​​measured at different times.

[0040] The distance between the pair of magnet pedestals 20A and 20B (mutually) at the time of initial measurement is d ０ Then, d ０ = k ε ０ where k is a proportionality constant. k can be obtained by experiment or simulation. A broken line graph representing the relationship between the strain value of the connecting member 22 measured by the strain sensor 181 and the distance between the pair of magnet pedestals 20A, 20B is obtained, and this is fitted with a linear line (linear approximation), and the slope of the linear line can be obtained as the proportionality constant k.

[0041] The distance between the pair of magnet pedestals 20A and 20B during measurement is d １ Then, d １ = k ε １ This can be expressed as:

[0042] From this, the measurement device 18 of the joint column to be measured ｉ If the strain value of the part where the is attached is ε, ε can be expressed by the following equation.

[0043] ε = k(ε １ -ε ０ ) / (k ε ０) = (ε １ -ε ０ ) / ε ０ ... (1) Therefore, the initial length of the joint column is L ｐ Then, the amount of expansion and contraction of the joint column ΔL ｐ is expressed by the following equation:

[0044] ΔL ｐ = k ｐ ・L ｐ ε=k ｐ ・L ｐ ・(ε １ -ε ０ ) / ε ０ ... (2) In the above formula (2), k ｐ is a measuring device 18 ｉ is an adjustment coefficient determined according to the part of the joint column to be attached. ｐ The subscript p in the table indicates the node number of the node column. In this embodiment, the length of the node columns of the same node is the same, and as described above, the measuring device 18 is installed at the center position in the height direction for each node column. ｉ Since the mounting position of is set, regardless of the value of p, the adjustment coefficient k ｐ = 1. That is, ΔLp can be expressed by the following equation.

[0045] ΔL ｐ =L ｐ ε=L ｐ ・(ε １ -ε ０ ) / ε ０ … (2a) In contrast, if the attachment position of a column in any node is set to the column head, the adjustment coefficient k ｐ is set to a predetermined value smaller than 1, and when the installation position is set to the base of the column, the adjustment coefficient k ｐ must be set to a predetermined value greater than 1.

[0046] For example, if we consider a case where one joint column is divided into three equal parts, the capital part, the center part, and the middle leg part, the weight of the capital part acts as a compressive force on the center part, and the sum of the weight of the capital part and the weight of the center part acts as a compressive force on the foot part, while it can be considered that the capital part does not receive any compressive force due to its own weight. Based on this idea, we can calculate ΔL from the strain value ε as shown in the above formula (2). ｐ The adjustment coefficient k when calculating ｐ However, the adjustment coefficient k ｐ may be determined based on the results of a structural analysis using various design information.

[0047] Here, as is clear from the above formula (1), the measuring device 18 ｉ The measurement device 18 of the joint column to be measured ｉ However, if the line graph showing the relationship between the strain value measured by the strain sensor 181 and the distance between the pair of magnet pedestals 20A and 20B cannot be accurately approximated by a linear line, an approximation function of quadratic or higher order that shows the relationship may be obtained.

[0048] Next, the measuring device 18 ｉ Each operation will be described with reference to the flowchart in Fig. 7. The flowchart in Fig. 7 shows a processing algorithm according to a program executed by the CPU of the calculation processing unit 182. The processing algorithm shown in this flowchart starts when an instruction to start measurement is input from the server 12. The instruction to start measurement is input to each measuring device 18 ｉ During the initial setup and during measurement after the initial setup (for example, during measurement executed according to a program related to measuring the length of a pillar (see FIG. 8) described later), the server 12 transmits the data to the measuring device 18. ｉ Measurement device 18 ｉ The initial setting of the measuring device 18 ｉ At this time, the operator operates the display operation unit 187 to operate the measuring device 18. ｉInformation such as the column number and section number is input to the server 182, and the processor 182 generates an identification code (ID) based on the input information and the device number specific to the measuring device, and transmits information (including the generated ID) to the server 12 to notify that the initial setting has been completed. The server 12, upon receiving this information, immediately starts the measuring device 18. ｉ On the other hand, when performing measurement after the initial setting, as will be described later, a measurement instruction command is input from the mobile terminal 16 or the on-site computer 14 to the server 12 prior to the start of the measurement. In response to the input of the measurement instruction command, the server 12 ｉ to start measurement (see step S202 described later).

[0049] First, in step S102, the strain sensor 181 is instructed to perform measurement, and information on the strain value measured by the strain sensor 181 is acquired.

[0050] In the next step S104, an ID (identification code) is assigned to (linked to) the acquired output information, and the resulting data is transmitted to the server 12 as a single piece of sensor data via the communication unit 183 and the network 13. In this embodiment, the ID is a number (code) created based on the ID information (identification information) input by the operator during initial setup and stored in the RAM. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, １ 100 columns per section １１ Measuring device 18 １ The ID number is 001-001-01. Here, the first "001" indicates the unique device number of the measuring device, and the second "001" indicates the unique device number of the pole 100. １ The column number is indicated by "01", and the section number is indicated by "01". However, the ID is determined by the measuring device 18 based on the input by the worker. ｉ The ID information does not necessarily have to be created on the side of the measuring device 18, and for example, the server 12 may create the ID information. ｉ Before or during installation, the measuring device 18 ｉ The column number and the section number are displayed on the screen of the display operation unit of the measuring device 18. The worker checks the column number and the section number displayed on the screen and measures the column number and the section number in accordance with the column number and the section number.ｉ In this case, the server 12 may install a plurality of measuring devices 18. ｉ are to be managed, so as a prerequisite for displaying ID information, ｉ Therefore, for example, when the power is turned on, the measuring device 18 ｉ The measuring device 18 may request the server 12 to transmit ID information together with a request to establish communication with the server 12. Alternatively, a device number specific to the measuring device may be set in advance, for example, at the manufacturing stage of the measuring device. When the process of step S104 is completed, the process ends. As a result, the measuring device 18 ｉ The device will be in a standby state until the next instruction to start measurement is input.

[0051] Each measuring device 18 ｉ At the time of initial setting (immediately after the setting is completed), the measuring device 18 ｉ The processing is performed by the CPU of the arithmetic processing unit 182 in accordance with the above steps S102 to S104, and the sensor data (including the information on the initial value of the strain value measured by the strain sensor 181 and the ID) is output to the server 12. ｉ The initial values ​​of the strain values ​​measured at each point are acquired and stored in memory.

[0052] In general steel-framed buildings, the design value of the column length (height) at each node is adjusted to ensure a consistent ceiling height for each floor. The weight of the columns and beams at the nodes above acts as a compressive force on the columns at a certain node located lower, causing them to shrink in the longitudinal direction (height direction). The amount of shrinkage is greater at lower nodes and smaller at higher nodes. Taking this into consideration, the design value of the column length at each node is set on the premise that it will shorten by a "predetermined amount" at each node.

[0053] In this embodiment, as an example, the above "predetermined amount" is assumed to be 0.001 (m). In a building with N nodes, the design value is set so that the length of the p-node column is 12 (m), with the reference length being 12 (m). In this case, if the columns at each node are shortened by 0.001 x (N-p) (m) as designed, the reference length of the columns at all nodes should be secured.

[0054] However, in an actual building, even if each node column is manufactured to the length specified by the design, the length of each node column and the length of the column after the building is completed will not be the same as the design value.

[0055] Therefore, in this embodiment, as an example, when the erection of an even-numbered section (2n (n is a natural number) section) is completed, the length of the column is measured to adjust the length of the upper section column before the erection of the section above it, i.e., the (2n+1) section, begins.

[0056] 8 shows a flowchart illustrating a processing algorithm corresponding to a program relating to measuring the length of a pillar, which is executed by the CPU of the server 12. The flowchart of FIG. 8 will be described below.

[0057] 8 starts when a measurement instruction command is input to the server 12 from the mobile terminal 16 or the on-site computer 14. Typically, the mobile terminal 16 is operated by a site worker, and the on-site computer 14 is operated by a site supervisor or other site manager.

[0058] First, in step S202, a plurality of pillars 100 ｊ (j=1 to J) A plurality of measuring devices 18 each measuring the joint columns of 1st to 2n joints. ｉ For example, in a building 110 shown in FIG. ｊ When the erection of the 2nd section (when n=1 in 2n sections) including (j=1 to 8) is completed, the column 100 ｊ The measuring device 18 measures the first and second column sections. ｉA measurement instruction command is given to each of the sensors (i=1 to 16). ｊｐ (j is 1 to 8, p is 1 or 2) indicates each joint column, and the symbol 100 ｊｐ In the subscript "jp", "j" indicates the column number and "p" indicates the section number. For example, １１ The joint column indicated by is column 100 １ It is one of the columns that make up the structure.

[0059] At the time when the process of step S202 is performed, each pillar 100 ｊ Each of the joint columns of the 1st to 2nth joints is provided with a measuring device 18. ｉ (measurement device 18 in FIG. 6) １ ~18 １６ (See reference). In addition, each measuring device 18 ｉ After the initial setting is completed, the measuring devices 18 are in the standby state. ｉ The sensor data output from the server 12 is stored in a storage area SA for each pillar in the memory (RAM) of the server 12. ｊ (j=1, 2, ..., J (J=8 in FIG. 6)) are stored in the respective measuring devices 18. ｉ The initial strain measured by the strain sensor 181 (initial strain value) ε ０ is known.

[0060] The plurality of measuring devices 18 to which the above-mentioned measurement start instruction is given ｉ performs strain measurement (measurement by the strain sensor 181) according to the flowchart of FIG. 7 described above, and outputs sensor data including information on the strain value (measured value) to the server 12.

[0061] In the next step S204, a plurality of measuring devices 18 ｉ The sensor data is received from the storage area SA for each pillar in the memory (RAM) based on the pillar identification information (pillar number j) included in the sensor data. ｊ (j=1, 2, ..., J (J=8 in FIG. 6)) are stored in the storage areas SA ｊSince the initial value data of the strain values ​​of the node pillars from node 1 to node 2n is stored in step S204, the corresponding sensor data received this time is stored in association with the initial value data of the strain values ​​of each node pillar.

[0062] In the next step S206, the same storage area SA ｊ The strain values ​​(measured values) included in each of the plurality of sensor data stored in the table are used to calculate the strain of the column 100 with the column number j (j=1 to J (in FIG. 6, J=8)). ｊ For each of the above, the total expansion and contraction amount ΔL of the joint columns from the 1st joint to the 2nth joint (previous joint) ｊ The total amount of expansion and contraction ΔL is calculated. ｊ can be found as follows:

[0063] First, the storage area SA ｊ (j=1 to J (in FIG. 6, J=8)) stored in each of the columns 100 ｊ１ ~2n node pillar 100 ｊ２ｎ The initial strain value ε for each ０ and the latest strain value ε included in the sensor data newly stored in step S204. １ Using the above equation (2a), the strain value ε of each joint column is calculated. ｊｐ (j = 1 to J, p = 1 to 2n).

[0064] Then, the strain value ε of each joint column was calculated. ｊｐ (j=1 to J, p=1 to 2n) to perform the calculation of the following equation (3). ｊ Total expansion / contraction amount ΔL for each of (j = 1 to J) ｊ Ask for.

[0065] ΔL ｊ =Σ(ε ｊｐ ×L ｐ ) ... (3) In the above formula (3), Σ represents the sum of p = 1 to 2n, and L ｐis the initial length of each node pillar (usually approximately equal to the design value). Here, it is assumed that the length of all pillars at the same node is set to the same length in the design. However, from the second node onwards, the length of the pillar may be adjusted during manufacturing depending on the amount of shrinkage of the lower node pillar. In this case, even for pillars at the same node (node ​​pillars), a corrected length may be set for each pillar depending on the amount of shrinkage of the lower node pillar (the length may be updated in the design data).

[0066] In the next step S208, the calculated values ​​of each pillar 100 are ｊ The total amount of expansion and contraction (here, the amount of contraction) ΔL ｊ After transmitting the information to the computer of the steel frame production factory via the network 13, the series of processes is completed. ｊ The information is transmitted after communication is established between the computer at the production factory and the server 12 .

[0067] The computer at the steel frame production factory receives the column 100 ｊ Total expansion / contraction amount (total contraction amount) ΔL ｊ Based on this information, the total length of the column after the (2n+1)th section is erected is determined to be the desired value. ｊ The design values ​​of the lengths of the (2n+1) node columns are corrected and updated, and information indicating the corrections to the design values ​​is displayed on the display screen. This display may be displayed together with a drawing showing the layout of each steel frame of the steel-framed building at the construction site. Also, the shrinkage information may be fed back to the design CAD data to correct (update) the design values.

[0068] In the steel frame production factory, the column 100 is ｊ (2n+1) joint columns 100 ｊ（２ｎ+１） The (2n+1)-node column is then produced, and the produced (2n+1)-node column is transported to the construction site, where the (2n+1)-node column is used to erect the (2n+1)-node. The upper node column of the (2n+1)-node ((2n+2)-node column) is manufactured according to the originally set design value for length.

[0069] In the above description, as an example, when the erection of an even-numbered section, i.e., (2n (n is a natural number)), is completed, column length measurement is performed to adjust the length of the upper section column before the erection of the section above ((2n+1) section) begins. However, this is not limited to this. It is also possible to perform column length measurement to adjust the length of the upper section column after the erection of an odd-numbered section, i.e., (2n-1 (n is a natural number)), is completed, before the erection of the section above (2n section) begins. It is also possible to perform column length measurement to adjust the length of the upper section column before the erection of each section from section 2 onwards begins. Alternatively, it is also possible to perform column length measurement to adjust the length of the upper section column at any one or more sections from section 2 onwards, before the erection of that section begins. Furthermore, for sections from the second section onwards, the length of the section's section may be adjusted according to the amount of shrinkage of the lower section each time a structure (including section columns, beams, etc.) of an upper floor is added, or the shrinkage may be measured each time a structure (including section columns, beams, etc.) of an upper floor is added, and only if the amount of deformation of the lower section column (if lower section columns of multiple sections are already connected, the total amount of deformation) exceeds a threshold value, the length of the next section column (upper section column) may be adjusted before shipping. Note that the above explanation has focused on deformation of section columns due to the action of gravity, so measuring device 18 ｉ Although the description has been given of the case where the measuring device 18 is used mainly to measure the shrinkage of the joint column, which is the measurement object, ｉ can also be used to measure the elongation of the measurement object.

[0070] As described above, the measuring device 18 according to this embodiment ｉ According to the method, a pair of magnet pedestals 20A and 20B are magnetically attracted to a measurement target (a steel column in the above embodiment), and a measurement device 18 ｉ Therefore, in the construction of a steel frame structure including steel columns with multiple sections, the measuring device 18 can be attached to a large number of columns at each section in a short time. ｉ Also, the measuring device 18 ｉAccording to the above, when the attached measurement object expands or contracts, the distance between the pair of magnet pedestals 20A, 20B changes in accordance with the amount of expansion or contraction, and the strain value of the connecting member 22 measured by the strain sensor changes in accordance with the amount of change in the distance. ｉ According to this, it is possible to determine the change in the distance between a pair of magnet bases (and the corresponding strain value of the attached object) based on the difference in strain values ​​measured by the strain sensor 181 before and after the expansion and contraction of the object to be measured.

[0071] Furthermore, the measuring device 18 according to this embodiment ｉ is connected to (or built into) the strain sensor 181 and includes a calculation processing unit 182 that outputs information on the strain value (measurement information) output from the strain sensor and ID information (or ID only) as one piece of sensor data. ｉ When a plurality of measuring devices are used, the measuring device 18 ｉ It is possible to associate the sensor data with the measurement device. In addition, if the sensor data includes only an ID as ID information, the measurement device can be associated with the sensor data by using management information associated with the ID and stored in RAM. This allows multiple measurement devices 18 ｉ This makes it possible to effectively utilize the strain value information (measurement information) contained in the sensor data output from the

[0072] In addition, in the measurement system 10 according to this embodiment, the measurement device 18 ｉ The sensor data output from the measuring device 18 is stored as ID information, which includes at least a part of the management information linked to the ID. ｉ The sensor data includes a unique identification number and information for specifying the installation position (in this embodiment, the column number and the column number of the column to be measured), and is supplied to the server 12. As a result, the server 12 can ｉTherefore, according to the measurement system 10 of this embodiment, the server 12 can identify which joint of which column the individual sensor data is output from, and can manage the relationship between the installation position of each measurement device 18 (i.e., the column number and the section number) and the device number (the identification number unique to the measurement device). ｉ The measurement information (information on the strain values ​​(measurement values) measured by the strain sensor 181) can be effectively utilized.

[0073] Furthermore, according to the measurement system 10 of this embodiment, the server 12 controls the measurement device 18 during the initial measurement and during the measurement. ｉ (strain sensor 181) is measured to obtain the respective sensor data, and the initial value ε of the strain value included in each sensor data is calculated. ０ and strain measurement value (strain value) ε １ The strain value ε of the node pillar to be measured can be calculated by using the above equation (1), and the strain value ε and the initial length L of the node pillar can be calculated. ｐ The expansion / contraction amount ΔL from the initial state at the time of measurement of the joint column is calculated by using the above-mentioned formula (2) or formula (2a). ｐ can be obtained.

[0074] Furthermore, according to the measurement system 10 of this embodiment, the pillar 100 ｊ For each of (j = 1 to J), the nth (n ≥ 2) node column (n-node column 100 ｊｎ ) before starting the erection of the joint column 100 of the joint that has already been erected. ｊｐ (j = 1 to J, p = 1 to (n-1)), that is, for each lower column up to the (n-1) node, the strain value ε ｊｐ (j = 1 to J, p = 1 to (n-1)) to calculate the total expansion / contraction amount ΔL ｊ can be calculated by, for example, the above-mentioned formula (3) (see step S106). Therefore, taking into account the calculated total expansion and contraction amount, ｊｎ The design value of the length may be modified or changed.

[0075] As is clear from the explanation so far, by using the measurement system 10 according to this embodiment in the construction of a steel-framed building, it is possible to adjust the length of each column and also to adjust the height of multiple columns relative to each other.

[0076] In the above embodiment, the measuring device 18 is installed at the center of one joint column in the height direction. ｉ However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is also possible to attach one measuring device 18 to one joint column. ｉ For example, a plurality of joint posts 100 may be attached. ｊｐ Measuring device 18 ｉ When three columns are attached, the column is divided into three parts in the height direction: the column capital, the column base, and the part between the two parts (center), and one measuring device 18 is attached to the column capital, one to the column base, and one to the center. ｉ In this case, the joint column 100 ｊｐ The amount of expansion and contraction ΔL ｐ may be calculated based on the following equation (4), for example.

[0077] ΔL ｐ =L ｐ (ε ｐ１ +ε ｐ２ +ε ｐ３ ) / 3 (4) In the above formula (4), L ｐ is 100 joints ｊｐ The length of the initial state of ε ｐ１ , ε ｐ２ , ε ｐ３ are the measurement devices 18 attached to the column head, column base and center, respectively. ｉ The joint column 100 is obtained from the sensor data output from ｊｐ These are the strain values ​​of the column head, column base and center sections.

[0078] As can be seen from the above explanation, in the measurement system 10 and the erection method for a steel frame structure (a structure including columns with multiple sections) according to this embodiment, in erecting columns from the second section onwards, in order to correct or change the design value of the length of the column at the new section (upper section), the strain values ​​of all the lower section columns are repeatedly measured at every even section, every odd section, or every section. Therefore, the measurement device 18 once attached to the section column is not used until erection of the section column at the final section is completed. ｉ The measurement devices 18 are maintained in a state where they are attached to the respective node posts that are the measurement targets. ｉ However, this is not limited to the case where the measuring devices are still attached to the node columns that are the measurement targets. When the top node that has already been erected and is the target for attaching the measuring devices is the (n-1)th node, a plurality of measuring devices 18 are attached to at least one node column (predetermined node column). ｉ When the uppermost node (node ​​(n-1)) of the structure is fixed, and the structures (including the node columns and beams) of the upper floors are stacked on top of the node column of the uppermost node (node ​​(n-1)), and the node becomes a node (n-2) or lower, the same number of measuring devices 18 as when the uppermost node already built on the specified node column is the node (n-1) are used. ｉ It is not necessary to fix the measuring device 18 in place, and at least one measuring device 18 is installed in each joint. ｉ Also, if it is possible to predict, the measurement device 18 may be installed on all the columns (columns) of the same section (floor (story)). ｉ You don't have to leave it there.

[0079] The measurement target is not limited to a solid object made of a magnetic material such as a steel frame, and may be a solid object to which a measuring device cannot be attached using magnetic force. In this case, the measuring device may be attached to the measurement target by other means than magnetic force, such as by screwing, pressing, or vacuum suction.

[0080] 10... measurement system, 12... server, 13... network, 18... measurement device, 20A, 20B... magnet base, 22... connecting member, 100 ｊ ...pillars, 100 ｊｐ ...joint pillar (measurement object), 181...strain sensor, 182...arithmetic processing unit (control unit), 183...communication unit, 187...display operation unit.

Claims

1. A measuring device for measuring deformation information of a measurement object with respect to a predetermined direction parallel to the direction of gravity, comprising: a pair of mounting parts that are spaced apart in the predetermined direction and can each be fixed to the measurement object; a connecting member that connects the pair of mounting parts fixed to the measurement object and extends substantially parallel to the predetermined direction; a strain sensor that is fixed to the connecting member and measures deformation information of the connecting member in the predetermined direction. The pair of mounting parts are capable of moving away from and approaching each other in the predetermined direction in response to deformation of the measurement object in the predetermined direction when fixed to the measurement object.

2. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the strain sensor is mounted on a semiconductor chip.

3. The measuring device according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit that is built in or connected to the strain sensor and outputs the deformation information and identification information output from the strain sensor as sensor data.

4. The measuring device according to claim 3, further comprising a communication unit and a display operation unit that are respectively connected to the control unit.

5. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the measurement object is a magnetic material, and the pair of mounting parts are fixed to the measurement object using magnetic force.

6. A measurement system for a building constructed by stacking structures in the direction of gravity, comprising: a management device connected to each other via a network, and a plurality of measuring devices according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein each of the plurality of measuring devices uses a plurality of built-in columns as the measurement object, and is fixed to the measurement object via the pair of mounting parts in a direction in which the predetermined direction coincides with the longitudinal direction of the measurement object.

7. The measurement system according to claim 6, wherein each of the plurality of measuring devices further comprises a communication unit and a display operation unit that are respectively connected to the control unit, and the management device is connected to the communication units of each of the plurality of measuring devices via a network.

8. The measurement system according to claim 6, wherein the sensor data output from each of the plurality of measuring devices to the management device includes, as the identification information, identification information unique to the measuring device and information for specifying the mounting position of the measuring device.

9. The measurement system according to claim 8, A measurement system in which identification information unique to the measurement device is preset, associated with information for specifying the mounting position for each measurement device, and stored in the management device.

10. In the measurement system according to claim 6, the management device acquires sensor data from a predetermined measurement device at the time of initial measurement after the measurement device is attached to the column to be measured and at the time of subsequent measurement, respectively, and calculates the deformation information of the column to be measured by using the deformation information at the time of the initial measurement and the deformation information at the time of the measurement included in the respective sensor data. A measurement system.

11. In the measurement system according to claim 10, the initial measurement is a measurement system that is performed at least once before a structure is placed on the column to be measured.

12. In the measurement system according to claim 10, before the construction of a column of n (n≧2) sections starts, the management device acquires sensor data from the measurement devices that respectively target the columns of the (n−1) sections that have already been completed, and based on the acquired sensor data, A measurement system for correcting the design value of the length of the n-section column.

13. In the measurement system according to claim 6, until the construction of the last section of the column is completed, the plurality of measurement devices maintain the state of being attached to the columns of the respective measurement targets. A measurement system.

14. A construction method for a structure including columns of multiple sections, prior to the construction of a predetermined column of n (n≧2) sections, obtaining the deformation information of the length of the columns of the (n−1) sections that become the lower columns of the n-section column that has already been completed, based on the results of strain measurement of each of the lower columns up to the (n−1) sections; correcting the design value of the length of the n-section column in consideration of the deformation information of all the acquired lower columns; manufacturing the n-section column based on the corrected design value; including building the manufactured n-section column on top of the (n−1) section column that is its lower column. A construction method.

15. In the construction method according to claim 14, the construction method is a construction method using the measurement device according to claim 1.

16. In the construction method according to claim 14, for the strain measurement, a strain sensor fixed to a deformable measurement member fixed to the measurement target is used. A construction method.

17. In the construction method according to claim 14, A building construction method in which the measuring device according to claim 3, which measures each of the lower columns up to the (n - 1)th column, is used for strain measurement of each of the lower columns.

18. In the building construction method according to claim 17, Until the erection of the column of the last story is completed, the measuring device is maintained in a state of being attached to the column that is the object of each measurement.