Plant treatment method, preparation, plant propagule, plant raising method, and transplanted seedling

Abstract

Provided is a plant treatment method capable of further promoting plant growth using a compound such as ergothioneine. This plant treatment method comprises a step for treating a plant propagule with a compound represented by formula (I) or a tautomer thereof, or an active component that is an agriculturally acceptable salt thereof. [chemical formula 1] (In formula (I), R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-C4 alkyl group, and R3, R4, and R5 each independently represent a C1-C4 alkyl group.)

Description

Plant treatment method, formulation, plant propagule, plant cultivation method and transplanted seedlings

[0001] The present invention relates to methods for treating plants, formulations, plant propagules, methods for growing plants and transplants.

[0002] Methods of alleviating abiotic stress by applying chemicals and methods of promoting plant growth and increasing yields have been studied. For example, Patent Document 1 describes that glycine betaine has the effect of alleviating abiotic stress on plants, such as insufficient irrigation.

[0003] Furthermore, Patent Document 2 describes that when an aqueous solution of ergothioneine is applied to germinated plants, the plant height increases, the number of flowers and fruits increases, and the seed yield also increases.

[0004] International Publication No. WO 96 / 014749 International Publication No. WO 2021 / 005970

[0005] Abiotic stress is thought to significantly inhibit the expression of plant potential productivity, so it is expected that plant production will increase dramatically by providing biostimulants that eliminate abiotic stress.

[0006] Compounds such as ergothioneine described in Patent Document 2 have effects such as increasing production volume, plant height, and the number of seeds, flowers, and fruits. Therefore, these compounds are considered to be promising active ingredients for plants. On the other hand, there is also a need to find a treatment method that can further promote plant growth using these compounds and achieve a further increase in production volume.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a plant treatment method that can further promote plant growth using a compound such as ergothioneine, a formulation to be used in the method, propagation materials of plants treated by the method, a method for growing plants from the propagation materials, and transplants grown from the propagation materials.

[0008] One embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems relates to the following plant treatment methods, formulations, plant propagation materials, plant cultivation methods, and transplants: [1] A method for treating plants, comprising a step of treating plant propagation materials with an active ingredient that is a compound represented by the following formula (I) or a tautomer thereof, or an agriculturally acceptable salt thereof: (In formula (I), R １ and R ２ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R ３ , R ４ and R ５ independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.) [2] The method for treating a plant according to [1], wherein the active ingredient is a growth promoter. [3] The method for treating a plant according to [1] or [2], wherein the amount of the active ingredient applied is 0.005 μg to 10 mg per 0.1 g of the propagules. [4] The method for treating a plant according to any of [1] to [3], wherein the treating step involves contacting the propagules with a treating agent containing the active ingredient. [5] The method for treating a plant according to any of [1] to [4], wherein the treating step is carried out before the start of plant growth. [6] A formulation for treating plant propagules, comprising a liquid carrier and an active ingredient which is a compound represented by the following formula (I) or a tautomer thereof, or an agriculturally acceptable salt thereof: (In formula (I), R １ and R ２ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R ３ , R ４ and R ５ each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.) [7] A formulation for treating plant propagation material according to [6], wherein the active ingredient is a growth promoter. [8] A plant propagation material comprising an active ingredient which is a compound represented by the following formula (I) or a tautomer thereof, or an agriculturally acceptable salt thereof: (In formula (I), R １ and R ２ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R ３, R ４ and R ５ independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.) [9] The plant propagation material according to [8], wherein the active ingredient is a growth promoter.

[10] The plant propagation material according to [8] or [9], wherein the active ingredient is attached to the surface of the propagation material.

[11] A method for growing plants, comprising a step of germinating plant propagation material, wherein the propagation material contains an active ingredient which is a compound represented by the following formula (I) or a tautomer thereof, or an agriculturally acceptable salt thereof: (In formula (I), R １ and R ２ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R ３ , R ４ and R ５ independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.)

[12] The method for cultivating a plant according to

[11] , wherein the active ingredient is a growth promoter.

[13] The method for cultivating a plant according to

[11] or

[12] , comprising a step of treating the propagules with the active ingredient before the germination step.

[14] A transplanted seedling cultivated by the cultivation method according to any one of

[11] to

[13] .

[0009] According to the present invention, there are provided a method for treating plants, which can further promote plant growth using compounds such as ergothioneine, a formulation to be used in the method, propagation materials of plants treated by the method, a method for growing plants from the propagation materials, and transplants grown from the propagation materials.

[0010] [Seed Treatment Method] One embodiment of the present invention relates to a seed treatment method comprising the step of treating plant seeds with an active ingredient which is a compound represented by the following formula (I) or a tautomer thereof, or an agriculturally acceptable salt thereof:

[0011]

[0012] In formula (I), R １ and R ２ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R ３ , R ４and R ５ each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

[0013] R １ ~R ５ The alkyl group that R can take may be linear or branched. １ ~R ５ Examples of the alkyl group that can be taken include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group and a tert-butyl group.

[0014] R １ and R ２ At least one of R is preferably a hydrogen atom, and more preferably both are hydrogen atoms. １ and R ２ When is an alkyl group, it is preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, or a propyl group, more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, and even more preferably a methyl group.

[0015] R ３ , R ４ and R ５ are preferably independently a methyl group, an ethyl group, or a propyl group, more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, and even more preferably a methyl group. ３ , R ４ and R ５ Preferably, at least one of the groups is a methyl group, more preferably at least two of the groups are methyl groups, and even more preferably all of the groups are methyl groups.

[0016] The compound of formula (I) is R １ and R ２ When at least one of R is a hydrogen atom, the compound represented by formula (I) has tautomers. ２ When R is a hydrogen atom, the compound represented by the following formula (II) is a tautomer. １is a hydrogen atom, the compound has the following tautomer, which is represented by formula (III): In this specification, when simply referring to "tautomer", it means both the compound represented by formula (II) and the compound represented by formula (III).

[0017]

[0018] In formulas (II) and (III), R １ ~R ５ is R in formula (I). １ ~R ５ is the same as

[0019] Generally, in a solution, the compound represented by formula (I) and the compound represented by formula (II) or formula (III) can exist in equilibrium. The ratio of the compound represented by formula (I) to the compound represented by formula (II) or formula (III) can vary depending on the solvent, temperature, pH, etc.

[0020] The compound of formula (I) or a tautomer thereof is preferably ergothioneine, more preferably L-(+)-ergothioneine.

[0021] These compounds may be commercially available or may be synthesized by techniques well known to those skilled in the art, such as those described in JP-A-2013-506706 and JP-A-2006-160748. Ergothioneine is also known to be produced by bacteria and fungi. Examples of production methods using such microorganisms include those described in JP-A-2012-105618, JP-A-2014-223051, WO-A-2016 / 104437, WO-A-2016 / 121285, WO-A-2015 / 168112, and WO-A-2017 / 150304. Ergothioneine may be used as a culture containing ergothioneine obtained from these microorganisms, or ergothioneine obtained by concentrating or purifying the culture may be used.

[0022] "Agriculturally acceptable" means something that is safe, non-toxic, not biologically or otherwise undesirable, and acceptable for use in agricultural and horticultural applications, particularly for promoting growth and improving plant resistance to abiotic stress.

[0023] An "agriculturally acceptable salt" of a compound represented by formula (I) or a tautomer thereof means an agriculturally acceptable salt as defined above that provides the functions and effects of a compound represented by formula (I) or a tautomer thereof. Examples of such salts include hydrates, solvates, acid addition salts, salts formed by replacing an acidic proton present in a compound represented by formula (I) or a tautomer thereof with a metal ion, and salts formed by coordinating the acidic proton with an organic or inorganic base.

[0024] Acid addition salts may be formed with inorganic or organic acids. Examples of inorganic acids include hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid. Examples of organic acids include acetic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, benzoic acid, camphorsulfonic acid, citric acid, ethanesulfonic acid, fumaric acid, glucoheptonic acid, gluconic acid, glutamic acid, glycolic acid, hydroxynaphthoic acid, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, lactic acid, maleic acid, malic acid, mandelic acid, methanesulfonic acid, muconic acid, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, propionic acid, salicylic acid, succinic acid, dibenzoyl-L-tartaric acid, tartaric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, trimethylacetic acid, and trifluoroacetic acid.

[0025] Examples of metal ions which can be substituted for the acidic protons present in the compound of formula (I) or its tautomers include alkali metal ions, alkaline earth metal ions, and aluminum ions.

[0026] Examples of organic bases that can coordinate with the acidic protons present in the compound of formula (I) or its tautomer include diethanolamine, ethanolamine, N-methylglucamine, triethanolamine, and tromethamine, etc. Examples of inorganic bases that can coordinate with the acidic protons present in the compound of formula (I) or its tautomer include aluminum hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and sodium hydroxide, etc.

[0027] The active ingredient is thought to act as a so-called biostimulant, promoting plant growth and alleviating abiotic stress. As will be confirmed in the examples below, the active ingredient has excellent growth-promoting effects and is therefore useful as a growth promoter.

[0028] Methods for treating plants with the active ingredient include spraying on foliage, incorporating into water supplies, spraying on soil, injecting into subsoil using an injector, and treating propagules such as seeds, bulbs, and tubers. According to the inventors' new findings, among these treatment methods, treatment with propagules is superior to other treatment methods in terms of plant growth-promoting effects. As used herein, "excellent growth-promoting effects" refers to a superiority in at least one plant growth index compared to other treatment methods. Examples of "plant growth indexes" include plant height, aboveground weight, belowground weight, tiller number, root yield, stem yield, leaf number, leaf yield, flower bud number, flower number, fruit number, fruit yield, seed number, and seed yield. Furthermore, treatment with propagules can achieve these effects sufficiently with smaller amounts than treatment with other organs.

[0029] In this specification, "propagule treatment" refers to a treatment in which a treatment agent containing the active ingredient is brought into direct contact with the propagules. A treatment agent is an agent used to treat the propagules. The treatment agent may be the active ingredient itself, or a formulation containing the active ingredient in a commercially available form may be used as the treatment agent as is, or a formulation containing the active ingredient may be diluted or mixed with other ingredients as necessary at the time of treatment to prepare the treatment agent. Application of a treatment agent containing the active ingredient to the soil or medium in which the propagules are sown or placed is not included in the treatment of the propagules.

[0030] The method for treating the propagules with the active ingredient is not particularly limited. For example, a treatment agent in which the active ingredient is dissolved or dispersed in a liquid carrier may be contacted with the propagules. The contacted active ingredient may remain on the surface of the propagules or may be absorbed into the propagules. The treatment agent may be a liquid treatment agent (treatment liquid) or a solid treatment agent. Examples of treatment methods using a liquid treatment agent (treatment liquid) include applying the treatment liquid by spraying, applying the active ingredient to the propagules by mixing it with the treatment liquid, immersing the propagules in the treatment liquid, and contacting the propagules with a sponge or cotton cloth containing the treatment liquid. Examples of treatment methods using a solid treatment agent include spraying a powdered treatment agent on the propagules or dusting the propagules with a powdered treatment agent. Alternatively, the propagules may be coated with pellets (clay minerals) containing the active ingredient, or with a resin containing the active ingredient. The resin used for the coating may be in the form of a film, dissolved or dispersed in a solvent, or in other forms.

[0031] The propagation materials are preferably treated in a state that allows for the above treatment, such as spraying, painting, dipping, dusting, or coating of the treatment agent onto the propagation materials. For example, the propagation materials are preferably treated before cultivation begins (e.g., before sowing). The propagation materials may be in a dormant state in which growth has stopped, or in a non-dormant state in which growth has begun.

[0032] The amount of the active ingredient applied to the propagules is preferably 0.005 μg to 10 mg, more preferably 0.05 μg to 3 mg, even more preferably 0.05 μg to 0.8 mg, and particularly preferably 0.05 μg to 0.5 mg per 0.1 g of propagules. By applying the active ingredient in the above range, significant effects such as promotion of plant growth, increased production, and increased number of seeds, flowers, and fruits can be achieved.

[0033] The temperature during treatment (for example, the temperature of the treatment agent) is preferably 0° C. or higher and 80° C. or lower, and more preferably room temperature.

[0034] Furthermore, the treatment time (e.g., the contact time between the treatment agent and the propagules) is preferably from 1 minute to 48 hours, more preferably from 10 minutes to 36 hours.

[0035] After treatment with the treatment solution, the treated propagules are preferably dried to remove the liquid carrier.

[0036] The propagule may be a seed of a seed-propagating plant, a spore of a spore-propagating plant, or a vegetative propagation organ of a vegetatively propagating plant, Examples of the vegetative propagation organ include bulbs (bulbs), tubers, and other vegetative propagation organs such as bulbils.

[0037] These propagules may be derived from any plant, examples of which include grasses such as rice, wheat, barley, rye, oats, triticale (triticale), maize, sorghum, sugarcane, turfgrass, bentgrass, bermudagrass, fescue, and ryegrass; legumes such as soybean, peanut, kidney bean, pea, adzuki bean, and alfalfa; convolvulaceae such as sweet potato; solanaceae such as chili pepper, bell pepper, tomato, eggplant, potato, and tobacco; Polygonaceae such as buckwheat; Asteraceae such as sunflower; Araliaceae such as ginseng; Brassicaceae such as rapeseed, broccoli, Chinese cabbage, turnip, cabbage, arugula, radish, and radish; Chenopodiaceae such as sugar beet; Malvaceae such as cotton; and madder plants such as coffee plants. Family: Sterculiaceae such as cacao; Theaceae such as tea; Cucurbitaceae such as watermelon, melon, cucumber and pumpkin; Liliaceae such as onion, leek and garlic; Rosaceae such as strawberry, apple, almond, apricot, plum, cherry, plum, peach and pear; Umbelliaceae such as carrot; Araceae such as taro; Anacardiaceae such as mango; Bromeliaceae such as pineapple; Papaya family such as papaya; Ebenaceae such as persimmon; Ericaceae such as blueberry; Juglandaceae such as pecan; Musaceae such as banana; Oleaceae such as olive; Palm family such as coconut and date palm; Rutaceae such as mandarin orange, orange, grapefruit and lemon; Vitaceae such as grape; Flowers and ornamental plants; trees other than fruit trees and other ornamental plants.

[0038] Furthermore, the above-mentioned plants may be any of wild plants, plant cultivars, plants and plant cultivars obtained by conventional biological breeding such as crossbreeding or protoplast fusion, and genetically modified plants and plant cultivars obtained by genetic engineering. Examples of genetically modified plants and plant cultivars obtained by genetic engineering include herbicide-resistant crops, pest-resistant crops incorporating insecticidal protein-producing genes, disease-resistant crops incorporating disease-resistance inducer-producing genes, crops with improved eating quality, crops with improved yield, crops with improved storability, and crops with improved yield. Examples of genetically modified plant cultivars approved in various countries include the various varieties stored in the database of the International Society for the Advancement of Agriculture (ISAA). Specifically: AgriSure, AgriSure 3000GT, AgriSure 3122 EZ Refuge, AgriSure 3122 Refuge Renew, AgriSure Artesian 3030A, AgriSure Artesian 3011A, AgriSure Duracade, AgriSure Duracade 5222 EZ Refuge, AgriSure GT, AgriSure GT / CB / LL, AgriSure RW, AgriSure Viptera 3110, AgriSure Viptera 3111, AgriSure Viptera 3220 EZ Refuge, AgriSure Viptera 3220 Refuge Renew, BiteGard, Bollgard, Bollgard II, Bollgard II / Roundup Ready, Bollgard 3 XtendFlex Cotton, Bollgard Cotton, Bollgard / Roundup Ready Cotton, Bt, Bt / BXN Cotton, Bt Maize, BtXtra, BXN, BXN Canola, BXN Cotton, Clearfield, DroughtGard, Enlist, Enlist Cotton, Enlist WideStrike 3 Cotton, Genuity, Genuity Bollgard II XtendFlex, Genuity Intacta RR2 Pro, GenuitySmartStax、GenuitySmartStax RIB Complete、Genuity VT Double Pro、Genuity VT Double Pro RIB Complete、Genuity VT Triple Pro、Genuity VT Triple Pro RIB Complete、GlyTol、GlyTol Cotton、Herculex、Herculex 1、Herculex RW、Herculex XTRA、IMI、IMI Canola、InVigor、KnockOut、Liberty Link、Liberty Link Conola、Liberty Link cotton、NatureGard、Newleaf、Nucotn、Optimum、Optimum AcreMax、Optimum AcreMax I、Optimum AcreMax-R、Optimum AcreMax RW、Optimum AcreMax RW-R、Optimum AcreMax Xtra-R、Optimum AcreMax Xtreme-R、Optimum AcreMax Xtreme、Optimum Intrasect、Optimum Intrasect Xtra、Optimum Intrasect Xtreme、Optimum Leptra、Optimum TRIsect、Poast Compatible、Powercore、Powercore Corn、Powercore Corn Refuge Advanced、Protecta、Roundup Ready、Roundup Ready 2、Roundup Ready Conola、Roundup Ready Cotton、Roundup Ready Xtend、Roundup Ready / YieldGard、RR Flex / Bollgard II、SCS、SmartStax、SmartStax Refuge Advanced、StarLink、Twinlink、VipCot、VipCot Cotton、WideStrike、WideStrike3、YieldGard、YieldGard Corn Borner、YieldGard Rootworm、YieldGard PlusおよびYieldGard VTThis includes trademarks such as Triple.

[0039] The active ingredient can be marketed as a formulation. The active ingredient itself may be formulated, or it may be formulated in various dosage forms together with other adjuvants or other active ingredients. The dosage form of the formulation is not particularly limited and may be selected depending on the treatment method. Examples of dosage forms include dusts, granules, powders, wettable powders, water-soluble powders, emulsions, solutions, oils, aerosols, microcapsules, pastes, liniments, fumigants, fumigants, and microdusts.

[0040] Examples of such adjuvants include carriers, surfactants and other adjuvants.

[0041] The carrier may be a solid carrier or a liquid carrier.

[0042] Examples of solid carriers include minerals such as clay, talc, diatomaceous earth, zeolite (boiling stone), montmorillonite, bentonite, kaolinite, kaolin, pyrophyllite, rosewood, acid clay, activated clay, attapulgite, attapulgus clay, limestone, calcite, marble, vermiculite, perlite, pumice, silica stone, silica sand, sericite (sericite), and pottery stone; synthetic organic substances such as urea; salts such as calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, potassium chloride, hydrated lime, and sodium bicarbonate; amorphous silica (white carbon, fumed silica, etc.); These include various powdered and granular carriers, such as synthetic inorganic materials such as titanium oxide, plant-based carriers such as wood flour, corn stalks (cobs), walnut shells (nut husks), fruit kernels, rice husks, coconut shells, sawdust, bran, soybean flour, powdered cellulose, starch, dextrin, and sugars (lactose, sucrose, etc.), and various polymeric carriers such as cross-linked lignin, cationic gels, gelatin that gels with heat or polyvalent metal salts, water-soluble polymer gels (agar, etc.), chlorinated polyethylene, chlorinated polypropylene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers, and urea / aldehyde resins.

[0043] Examples of liquid carriers include aliphatic solvents such as paraffins (normal paraffin, isoparaffin, naphthene), aromatic solvents such as xylene, alkylbenzene, alkylnaphthalene, and solvent naphtha, mixed solvents such as kerosene, machine oils such as refined high-boiling aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, and cyclohexanol, polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, hexylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and polypropylene glycol, polyhydric alcohol derivatives such as propylene glycol ethers, acetone, acetophenone, cyclohexane ... ketones such as cyclohexanone, methylcyclohexanone, and γ-butyrolactone; esters such as fatty acid methyl esters (coconut oil fatty acid methyl esters), ethylhexyl lactate, propylene carbonate, and dibasic acid methyl esters (dimethyl succinate, dimethyl glutamate, dimethyl adipate); nitrogen-containing solvents such as N-alkylpyrrolidones and acetonitrile; sulfur-containing solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide; oils and fats such as coconut oil, soybean oil, and rapeseed oil; amide solvents such as dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethyloctanamide, N,N-dimethyldecanamide, 5-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-5-oxo-valeric acid methyl ester, and N-acylmorpholine solvents (CAS No. 887947-29-7, etc.); and water.

[0044] As the surfactant, various surfactants such as nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, silicone surfactants, fluorine-based surfactants and biosurfactants can be used.

[0045] Examples of the nonionic surfactants include sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, sucrose fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene resin acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty acid diesters, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ethers, polyoxyethylene dialkylphenyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether formalin condensates, polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene block polymers, alkyl polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene block polymer ethers, alkyl phenyl polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene block polymer ethers, polyoxyethylene alkylamines, polyoxyethylene fatty acid amides, polyoxyethylene fatty acid bisphenyl ethers, polyoxyethylene benzylphenyl (or phenylphenyl) ethers, polyoxyethylene styrylphenyl (or phenylphenyl) ethers, polyoxyethylene castor oil, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, and alkyl glycosides.

[0046] Examples of the anionic surfactant include sulfates such as alkyl sulfate, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether sulfate, polyoxyethylene benzyl (or styryl)phenyl (or phenylphenyl) ether sulfate, and polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene block polymer sulfate, paraffin (alkane) sulfonate, α-olefin sulfonate, dialkyl sulfosuccinate, alkylbenzene sulfonate, mono- or dialkylnaphthalene sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate-formalin condensate, alkyldiphenyl ether disulfonate, lignin sulfonate, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ... Examples of suitable carboxylic acids include sulfonates such as polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether sulfonate and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfosuccinic acid half ester, carboxylates such as fatty acids, resin acids, polycarboxylic acids, alkyl ether carboxylates, alkenyl succinic acids, N-acyl amino acids and naphthenic acids, and phosphates such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate, polyoxyethylene mono- or dialkyl phenyl ether phosphate, polyoxyethylene benzyl (or styryl) phenyl (or phenylphenyl) ether phosphate, polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene block polymer phosphate and alkyl phosphate.

[0047] Examples of the cationic surfactant include salts of amines such as alkylamines and alkylpentamethylpropylenediamines, and salts of ammoniums such as alkyltrimethylammonium, methylpolyoxyethylenealkylammonium, alkylpyridinium, mono- or di-alkylmethylated ammonium, alkyldimethylbenzalkonium, and benzethonium (octylphenoxyethoxyethyldimethylbenzylammonium).

[0048] Examples of the amphoteric surfactant include dialkyldiaminoethyl betaine, alkyldimethylbenzyl betaine, and lecithin (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, etc.).

[0049] Examples of the silicone surfactant include trisiloxane ethoxylate.

[0050] Examples of the fluorosurfactant include perfluoroalkyl carboxylates, perfluoroalkyl sulfonates, and perfluoroalkyl trimethylammonium salts.

[0051] Examples of the biosurfactants include sophorolipid, rhamnolipid, trehalose lipid, mannosylalditol lipid, cellobiose lipid, glucose lipid, oligosaccharide fatty acid ester, spiculesporic acid, corynomycolic acid, agaritic acid, surfactin, cerawettin, viscosin, lykensin, arthrofactin, emulsan, and alasan.

[0052] Examples of other adjuvants include inorganic salts (sodium, potassium, etc.) used as pH adjusters, water-soluble salts such as table salt, xanthan gum, guar gum, carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, carboxyvinyl polymers, acrylic polymers, polyvinyl alcohol, starch derivatives, water-soluble polymers (polysaccharides, etc.), alginic acid and its salts, etc. used as thickeners, metal stearates, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, etc. used as disintegrating and dispersing agents, benzoic acid and its salts, sorbic acid and its salts, propionic acid and its salts, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 1,2-benzothiazolin-3-one, etc. used as preservatives, and supplements. These include sodium polyphosphate, sodium polyacrylate, sodium lignosulfonate, sodium citrate, gluconate / sodium glucoheptanoate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and its disodium salt or ammonium salt, etc., which are used as colorants, pigments, dyes, etc., which are used as colorants, fluorine-based antifoaming agents, silicone-based antifoaming agents, ethylene oxide / propylene oxide copolymers, etc., which are used as antioxidants, phenol-based antioxidants, amine-based antioxidants, sulfur-based antioxidants, phosphoric acid-based antioxidants, etc., which are used as ultraviolet absorbers, salicylic acid-based ultraviolet absorbers, benzophenone-based ultraviolet absorbers, etc., which are used as ultraviolet absorbers, quicklime, magnesium oxide, etc., which are used as desiccants, as well as spreading agents and phytotoxicity safeners, etc.

[0053] Examples of other active ingredients include active ingredients contained in biostimulants, plant growth regulators, fungicides, insecticides, acaricides, nematicides, and herbicides. Note that the above active ingredients can act as so-called biostimulants that alleviate abiotic stress and promote plant growth, but by using them in combination with other biostimulants, it is possible to further increase tolerance to abiotic stress and further enhance the growth promotion effect.

[0054] Examples of the biostimulant include seaweed extract, corn extract, microalgae, mycorrhizal fungi, humic acid, fulvic acid, oxidized glutathione, L-proline, glycine betaine, 5-aminolevulinic acid, 2-hexenal, trehalose, silicic acid, nicotinic acid, acetic acid, and ethanol.

[0055] Examples of the plant growth regulator include aminoethoxyvinylglycine, chlormequat, chlorpropham, cyclanilide, dikegulac, daminozide, ethephon, flurprimidol, flumetralin, forchlorfenuron, gibberellin, mepiquat chloride, methylcyclopropene, benzylaminopurine, paclobutrazol, prohexadione, thidiazuron, tributyl phosphorotrithioate, trinexapac-ethyl, uniconazole, sodium 1-naphthaleneacetate, 1-methylpropanol ... -naphthylacetamide, 1-methylcyclopropene, 4-CPA (4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid), MCPB (ethyl 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxybutyrate), isoprothiolane, indolebutyric acid, ethychlozate, calcium formate, chlormequat, choline, cyanamide, dichlorprop, decyl alcohol, sorbitan trioleate, nicosulfuron, pyraflufen-ethyl, butruarin, prohydrojasmone, anicifluprine, and pendimethalin.

[0056] Examples of the fungicides include nucleic acid synthesis metabolic inhibitors, fungicides acting on the cytoskeleton and motor proteins, respiratory inhibitors, amino acid / protein biosynthesis inhibitors, signal transduction inhibitors, lipid biosynthesis or transport / cell membrane structure or function inhibitors, cell membrane sterol biosynthesis inhibitors, cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors, melanin biosynthesis inhibitors, host plant resistance inducers, multi-site fungicides, and biological pesticides / biologically derived pesticides with multiple mechanisms of action.

[0057] Specific examples of the nucleic acid synthesis metabolic inhibitor include benalaxyl, benalaxyl M or chiralaxyl, furalaxyl, metalaxyl, metalaxyl M or mefenoxam, ofurace, oxadixyl, bupirimate, dimethirimol, ethirimol, hydroxyisoxazole, octhilinone, and oxolinic acid.

[0058] Examples of fungicides that act on the cytoskeleton and motor proteins include benomyl, carbendazim, fuberidazole, thiabendazole, thiophanate, thiophanate-methyl, diethofencarb, ethaboxam, pencycuron, zoxamide, fluopicolide, fluopimomide, fenamacril, metrafenone, and pyriophenone.

[0059] Examples of such respiratory inhibitors include diflumetrim, fenazaquin, tolfenpyrad, benodanil, benzovindiflupyr, bixafen, boscalid, carboxin, fenfuram, flubeneteram, fluindapyr, fluopyram, flutolanil, fluxapyroxad, furametpyr, inpirfluxam, isofetamide, isoflucipram, isopyrazam, mepronil, oxycarboxin, penflufen, penthiopyrad, pydiflumetofen, pyrapropoin, pyraziflumid, sedaxane, thifluzamide, azoxystrobin, cumoxystrobin, dimoxystrobin, enestrobin, enoxastrobin, famoxadone, and phenamide. These include phenaminestrobin, flufenoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, mandestrobin, metominostrobin, methyltetraprole, orysastrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, pyroxystrobin, pyribencarb, triclopyricarb, trifloxystrobin, amisulbrom, cyazofamid, fenpicoxamide, florylpicoxamide, methallylpicoxamide, binapacryl, dinocap, fluazinam, meptyldinocap, triphenyltin acetate, triphenyltin chloride, triphenyltin hydroxide, silthiofam, and ametoctrazine.

[0060] Examples of the amino acid / protein biosynthesis inhibitors include cyprodinil, mepanipyrim, pyrimethanil, blasticidin S, kasugamycin, streptomycin, and oxytetracycline.

[0061] Examples of the signal transduction inhibitors include proquinazid, quinoxyfen, fludioxonil, chlozolinate, dimethaclon, fenpiclonil, iprodione, procymidone, and vinclozolin.

[0062] Examples of the lipid biosynthesis or transport / cell membrane structure or function inhibitors include edifenphos (EDDP), iprobenfos (IBP), isoprothiolane, pyrazophos, biphenyl, chloroneb, dicloran (CNA), etridiazole, quintozene (PCNB), tecnazene (TCNB), tolclofos-methyl, iodocarb, propamocarb, prothiocarb, tea tree extract, vegetable oil mixture (eugenol, geraniol, thymol), natamycin (pimaricin), fluoxapiprolin, and oxathiapiprolin.

[0063] Examples of inhibitors of sterol biosynthesis in the cell membrane include azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluoxythioconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, hexaconazole, imazalil, imibenconazole, ipconazole, ipfentrifluconazole, mefentrifluconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, oxpoconazole, pefurazoate, penconazole, prochloraz, propiconazole, prothioconazole, simeconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triflumizole, triticonazole, fenarimol, nuarimol, pyrifenol, oxaloxazole, pyrisoxazole, triforine, methyl (2RS)-2-[2-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenoxy)phenyl]-2-hydroxy-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propanoate, 1-((1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-(chloromethyl)-2-methylcyclopentan-1-ol, methyl 2-((1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl)-3-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-hydroxy-1-methylcyclopentane-1-carboxylate, aldimorph, dodemorph, fenpropimorph, tridemorph, fenpropidin, piperalin, spiroxamine, fenhexamid, fenpyrazamine, pyributicarb, naftifine, and terbinafine.

[0064] Examples of the cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors include polyoxin, benthiavalicarb (benthiavalicarb isopropyl), dimethomorph, flumorph, iprovalicarb, mandipropamid, pyrimorph, and valifenalate.

[0065] Examples of the melanin biosynthesis inhibitors include fthalide, pyroquilon, tricyclazole, carpropamid, diclocymet, fenoxanil, and tolprocarb.

[0066] Examples of the resistance inducer for the host plant include acibenzolar-S-methyl, probenazole, tiadinil, isotianil, laminarin, giant knotweed extract, Bacillus mycoides isolate J, cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain LAS117, fosetyl (fosetyl-aluminum, fosetyl potassium, fosetyl sodium), phosphoric acid, phosphate salts, and diclobentiazox.

[0067] Examples of multi-site fungicides include ferbam, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, propineb, thiuram, zinc thiazole, zineb, ziram, ambam, anilazine, dithianon, dichlofluanid, tolylfluanid, guazatine, iminoctadine acetate, iminoctadine albesilate, copper or various copper salts (e.g., basic copper chloride, cupric hydroxide, basic copper sulfate, copper sulfate, organic copper (oxine copper), copper nonylphenolsulfonate, DBEDC, etc.), sulfur, captan, captafol, folpet, TPN (chlorothalonil), quinoxalines (quinomethionate), fluorimide, and metasulfocarb.

[0068] Examples of biopesticides / biological pesticides having multiple modes of action include Bacillus subtilis AFS032321 strain, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens QST713 strain, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB24 strain, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MBI600 strain, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D747 strain, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens F727 strain, Clonostachys rosea CR-7 strain, and Gliocladium catenarata. Examples of suitable extracts include extracts from Trichoderma atroviride strain J1446, Pseudomonas chlororaphis strain AFS009, Streptomyces griseoviridis strain K61, Streptomyces lidicus strain WYEC108, Trichoderma atroviride strain I-1237, Trichoderma atroviride strain LU132, Trichoderma atroviride strain SC1, Trichoderma asperellum strain T34, Swainglea glutinosa, and extracts from cotyledons of lupin seedlings.

[0069] Other examples of compounds for fungicide use include chlorinconazid, seboxylamine, flumethylsulfolim, flufenoxadiazam, cyflufenamid, cymoxanil, diclomedine, dipimethitron, dodine, fenitropan, ferimzone, flusulfamide, flutianil, harpin, inorganic salts (bicarbonates (sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate), potassium carbonate), ipflufenoquin, quinoprol, natural product origin, machine oil, organic oil, picarbutrazox, pyridaclomethyl, quinofumelin, tebufloquine, tecloftalam (bactericide), triazoxide, validamycin, aminopyrifen, and shiitake mushroom mycelium extract.

[0070] Examples of such insecticides include acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, GABA-gated chloride channel blockers, sodium channel modulators, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) competitive modulators, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) allosteric modulators, glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl) allosteric modulators, juvenile hormone analogs, other non-specific (multi-site) inhibitors, chordotonal organ TRPV channel modulators, mite growth inhibitors acting on CHS1, microbial-derived insect midgut membrane disruptors, mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitors, oxidative phosphorylation uncouplers that disrupt the proton gradient ... nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) competitive modulators, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) allosteric modulators, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) allosteric modulators, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) competitive modulators, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) allosteric modulators, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) competitive modulators, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) These include cholinergic receptor (nAChR) channel blockers, chitin biosynthesis inhibitors acting on CHS1, chitin biosynthesis inhibitors (type 1), molting inhibitors (Diptera), molting hormone (ecdysone) receptor agonists, octopamine receptor agonists, mitochondrial electron transport chain complex III inhibitors, mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I inhibitors (METI), voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers, acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors, mitochondrial electron transport chain complex IV inhibitors, mitochondrial electron transport chain complex II inhibitors, ryanodine receptor modulators, chordotonal organ modulators, GABA-gated chloride ion channel allosteric modulators, and baculovirus.

[0071] Specific examples of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors include alanycarb, aldicarb, bendiocarb, benfuracarb, butocarboxim, butoxycarboxim, NAC (carbaryl), carbofuran, carbosulfan, ethiofencarb, BPMC (fenobucarb), fenothiocarb, formetanate, furathiocarb, MIPC (isoprocarb), methiocarb, methomyl, MTMC (metolcarb), oxamyl, pirimicarb, PHC (propoxur), thiodicarb, thiofanox, triazamate, trimethacarb, XMC, MPMC (xylylcarb), Rub), acephate, azamethiphos, azinphos-ethyl, azinphos-methyl, cadusafos, chlorethoxyphos, CVP (chlorfenvinphos), chlormephos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, coumaphos, CYAP (cyanophos), demeton-S-methyl, diazinon, DDVP (dichlorvos), dicrotophos, dimethoate, dimethylvinphos, ethylthiometon (disulfoton), EPN, ethion, ethoprophos, fenflur, fenamiphos, MEP (fenitrothion), MPP (fenthion), fosthiazate, heptenophos, imicyaphos, isofenphos, isopropyl O-(methoxyaminothiophosphoryl) salicylate, isoxathion, malathion, mecarbam, methamidophos, DMTP (methidathion), mevinphos, monocrotophos, BRP (naled), omethoate, oxydemeton methyl, parathion, methyl parathion (parathion methyl), PAP (phenthoate), phorate, phosalone, PMP (phosmet), phosphamidon, phoxim, pirimiphos methyl, profenofos, propetamphos, prothiofos, pyraclofos, pyridaphenthion, quinalphos, sulfotep, tebupirimfos, temephos, terbufos, CVMP (tetrachlorvinphos), thiometon, triazophos, DEP (trichlorfon), and vamidothion.

[0072] Examples of the GABA-gated chloride ion channel blockers include chlordane, benzoepine (endosulfan), dienochlor, ethiprole, fipronil, pyriprole, and nicofluprole.

[0073] Examples of such sodium channel modulators include acrinathrin, allethrin (allethrin, d-cis-trans-, d-trans-isomers), bifenthrin, bioallethrin (bioallethrin, S-cyclopentenyl-isomer), bioresmethrin, chloroprallethrin, chlorfenthrin, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin (cyfluthrin, β-isomer), cyhalothrin (cyhalothrin, λ-, γ-isomers), cypermethrin (cypermethrin, α-, β-, θ-, ζ-isomers), cyphenothrin [(1R)-trans isomer], deltamethrin, dimefluthrin, empenthrin [(EZ)-(1R)-isomer], esfenvalerate, etofenprox, flumethrin ... Examples of such insecticides include fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, flubrocythrinate, flucythrinate, flumethrin, fluvalinate (τ-fluvalinate), halfenprox, imiprothrin, kadesrin, metofluthrin, momfluorothrin, epsilon metofluthrin, epsilon momfluorothrin, permethrin, fenothrin [(1R)-trans isomer], prallethrin, profluthrin, pyrethrins, resmethrin, silafluofen, tefluthrin, phthalthrin (tetramethrin), tetramethrin [(1R)-isomer], tralomethrin, transfluthrin, DDT, methoxychlor, aldrin, dieldrin, and lindane (lindane).

[0074] Examples of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) competitive modulators include acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, nicotine sulfate (nicotine), sulfoxaflor, flupyradifurone, dichloromezothiaz, phenmezodithiaz, and triflumezopyrim.

[0075] Examples of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) allosteric modulators include spinetoram, spinosad, flupirimine, and GS-omega / kappa HXTX-Hv1a peptide.

[0076] Examples of the glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl) allosteric modulators include abamectin, emamectin benzoate, lepimectin, and milbemectin.

[0077] Examples of the juvenile hormone mimetics include hydroprene, kinoprene, methoprene, fenoxycarb, and pyriproxyfen.

[0078] Examples of the above and other non-specific (multi-site) inhibitors include methyl bromide, other alkyl halides, chloropicrin, sodium aluminum fluoride, sulfuryl fluoride, borax, boric acid, disodium octaborate, sodium metaborate, tartar emetic, dazomet, carbam (metam ammonium salt), metam sodium salt, and methyl isothiocyanate (methyl isothiocyanate).

[0079] Examples of such chordotonal organ TRPV channel modulators include pymetrozine, pyrifluquinazone, and afidopiropen.

[0080] Examples of the acarid growth inhibitors acting on CHS1 include clofentezine, diflobidazine, hexythiazox, and etoxazole.

[0081] Examples of the insect midgut membrane disrupting agent derived from a microorganism include Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis, B.t. These include proteins found in crops (Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1Fa, Cry1A.105, Cry2Ab, Vip3A, mCry3A, Cry3Bb, Cry34Ab1 / Cry35Ab1) and Bacillus sphaericus.

[0082] Examples of the mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitors include diafenthiuron, azocyclotin, tricyclohexyltin hydroxide (cyhexatin), fenbutatin oxide, BPPS (propargite), and tetradifon.

[0083] Examples of oxidative phosphorylation uncouplers that disrupt the proton gradient include chlorfenapyr, DNOC, and sulfluramide.

[0084] Examples of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) channel blockers include bensultap, cartap hydrochloride, thiocyclam, thiosultap sodium salt, and monosultap.

[0085] Examples of the chitin biosynthesis inhibitors acting on CHS1 include bistrifluron, chlorfluazuron, diflubenzuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novaluron, noviflumuron, teflubenzuron, and triflumuron.

[0086] Examples of the chitin biosynthesis inhibitor (type 1) include buprofezin.

[0087] Examples of the molting inhibitors (Diptera) include cyromazine.

[0088] Examples of the molting hormone (ecdysone) receptor agonists include chromafenozide, halofenozide, methoxyfenozide, and tebufenozide.

[0089] Examples of the octopamine receptor agonists include amitraz.

[0090] Examples of the mitochondrial electron transport chain complex III inhibitor include hydramethylnon, acequinocyl, fluacrypyrim, flupiroxystrobin, and bifenazate.

[0091] Examples of the mitochondrial electron transport complex I inhibitors (METI) include fenazaquin, fenpyroximate, pyridaben, pyrimidifen, tebufenpyrad, tolfenpyrad, and derris (rotenone).

[0092] Examples of the voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers include indoxacarb and metaflumizone.

[0093] Examples of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor include spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, spiropydione, spidoxamat, spirobudifen, and spirotetramat.

[0094] The mitochondrial electron transport chain complex IV inhibitors include aluminum phosphide, calcium phosphide, hydrogen phosphide, zinc phosphide, hydrocyanic acid (calcium cyanide, sodium cyanide), potassium cyanide, and the like.

[0095] Examples of the mitochondrial electron transport chain complex II inhibitor include cyenopyrafen, cetopyrafen, cyflumetofen, piflubumid, and cyclobutrifluram.

[0096] The ryanodine receptor modulators include chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, cyclaniliprole, flubendiamide, tetraniliprole, fluchlordiniliprole, thiolanthraniliprole, pioxaniliprole, tetrachlorantraniliprole, cyhalodiamide, and ciproflanilide.

[0097] Examples of such chordotonal organ modulators include flonicamide and the like.

[0098] Examples of the GABA-gated chloride ion channel allosteric modulators include broflanilide, fluxametamide, and isocycloceram.

[0099] Examples of such baculoviruses include the codling moth Cydia pomonella GV, the false codling moth Thaumatotibia leucotreta GV, the velvet bean caterpillar Anticarsis gemmatalis MNPV, and the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera NPV.

[0100] Examples of other insecticides, acaricides and nematicides include azadirachtin, benzomate (benzoximate), phenisobromorate (bromopropylate), quinoxalines (quinomethionate), Kelthane (dicofol), lime sulfur, mancozeb, pyridalyl, sulfur, acinonapyr, amidoflumet, benzpyrimoxane, fluazaindolizine, fluensulfone, fluhexafon, flupentiofenox, flometoquin, metaldehyde, cyclopyrazoflurane, zinzpropylidaz, trifluenfuronate, indazapiroxamet, sulfiflumin, bisulfufen, isoflualanum, pi These include perfuranilide, Burkholderia spp., Wolbachia pipientis (Zap), Atractylodes macrocarpa extract, glycerin or fatty acid monoesters with propanediol, neem oil, machine oil, rapeseed oil, formulated oil, starch, reduced starch saccharification product, sodium oleate, ferric phosphate, nemadectin, Beauveria bassiana strain, Metarhizium anisopria strain (F52), Paecilomyces fumosoroseus apopka strain (97), diatomaceous earth, DCIP (dichlorodiisopropyl ether), D-D (1,3 dichloropropene), levamisole hydrochloride, morantel tartrate, and tioxazafen.

[0101] Examples of the herbicide include acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor compounds, amino acid compounds, cyclohexanedione compounds, acetamide compounds, bipyridylium compounds, allyloxyphenoxypropionic acid compounds, carbamate compounds, pyridine compounds, urea compounds, dinitroaniline compounds, protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitor compounds, phenoxyacetic acid compounds, hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitor compounds, and triazine compounds.

[0102] Specifically, examples of the acetolactate synthesis (ALS) inhibitor compounds include imazamethabenz and imazamethabenz-methyl, imazamox, imazapic, imazapyr, imazaquin, imazethapyr, amidosulfuron, azimsulfuron, bensulfuron and bensulfuron-methyl, chlorimuron and chlorimuron-methyl, chlorimuron-ethyl, chlorsulfuron, cinosulfuron, cyclosulfamuron, ethametsulfuron and ethametsulfuron. Methyl, ethoxysulfuron, flazasulfuron, flucetosulfuron, flupyrsulfuron, flupyrsulfuron methyl and its salts, foramsulfuron, halosulfuron, halosulfuron methyl, imazosulfuron, iodosulfuron and its salts, iodosulfuron methyl and its salts, mesosulfuron, mesosulfuron methyl, metazosulfuron, metsulfuron, metsulfuron methyl, nicosulfuron, oxasulfuron, primisulfuron, primisulfuron These include rimisulfuron methyl, propyrisulfuron, prosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron ethyl, rimsulfuron, sulfometuron, sulfometuron methyl, sulfosulfuron, thifensulfuron, thifensulfuron methyl, triasulfuron, tribenuron, tribenuron methyl, trifloxysulfuron and its salts, triflusulfuron, triflusulfuron methyl, tritosulfuron, imizamethabenz methyl, bispyribac-sodium, cloransulam, cloransulam-methyl, diclosulam, florasulam, flucarbazone and its salts, flumetsulam, metosulam, orthosulfamuron, penoxsulam, pyroxsulam, propoxycarbazone and its salts, pyribenzoxim, pyriftalid, pyriminobac-methyl, pyrimisulfan, pyrithiobac and its salts, pyroxisulam, thiencarbazone, thiencarbazone-methyl, and triafamone.

[0103] Examples of the amino acid compound include bialaphos and its salts, glufosinate and its salts, glufosinate P and its salts, and glyphosate and its salts.

[0104] Examples of the cyclohexanedione compounds include alloxydim, butroxydim, clethodim, cloproxidim, cycloxydim, propoxydim, sethoxydim, tepraloxydim, tralkoxydim, and feproxidim.

[0105] Examples of the acetamide compounds include napropamide, dimethachlor, petoxamide, acetochlor, alachlor, allidochlor (CDAA), butenachlor, delaclor, diethatylethyl, propisochlor, pirinachlor, butachlor, dimethenamid, dimethenamid P, metazachlor, metolachlor, S-metolachlor, pretilachlor, propachlor, thenylchlor, flufenacet, and mefenacet.

[0106] Examples of the bipyridylium compounds include cyperquat, morphamquat, diquat, and paraquat.

[0107] Examples of the allyloxyphenoxypropionic acid compounds include clodinafop, clodinafop propargyl, clofop, cyhalofop butyl, diclofop, diclofop methyl, diclofop P methyl, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop ethyl, fenoxaprop P ethyl, fluazifop, fluazifop butyl, fluazifop P butyl, haloxyfop, haloxyfop methyl, haloxyfop P methyl, isoxapiripop, metamifop, propaquizafop, quizalofop, quizalofop ethyl, quizalofop P ethyl, and quizalofop P tefuryl.

[0108] Examples of the carbamate compounds include asulam, carbetamide, desmedipham, chlorprocarb, phenisopham, cycloate, dimepiperate, pebulate, thiocarbazyl, vernalate, barban, chlorbufam, chlorpropham, propham, swep, phenmedipham, butyrate, EPTC, esprocarb, molinate, orbencarb, prosulfocarb, pyributicarb, thiobencarb (benthiocarb), and triallate.

[0109] Examples of the pyridine compounds include aminopyralid, clopyralid, diflufenican, dithiopyr, fluridone, fluroxypyr, haloxifene, florpyrauxifene, picloram and its salts, picolinafen, thiazopyr, and triclopyr and its salts.

[0110] Examples of the urea compounds include benzthiazolone, bromuron, buturon, chlorbromuron, chloroxuron, difenoxuron, dimefuron, ethidimuron, fenuron, fluothiuron, metobenzuron, metobromuron, metoxuron, monolinuron, monuron (CMU), nebron, parafluron, siduron, thiazafluron, chlorotoluron, dymron, diuron (DCMU), fluometuron, isoproturon, linuron, methabenzthiazuron, tebuthiuron, cumyluron, carbutilate, and isouron.

[0111] The dinitroaniline compounds include benfluralin (beslodin), butralin, dinitramine, ethalfluralin, fluchloralin, isopropaline, nitralin, profluralin, oryzalin, pendimethalin, prodiamine, trifluralin, and the like.

[0112] Examples of the protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitor compounds include acifluorfen, aclonifen, azafenidin, bifenox, clomethoxynil, ethoxyfene, ethoxyfen-ethyl, fomesafen, fluazolate, fluoroglycofen, fluoroglycofen-ethyl, halosafen, lactofen, oxyfluorfen, butafenacil, epirifenacil, chlornitrofen (CNP), fluorodifen, fluoronitrofen (CFNP), nitrofen (NIP), oxiflufen, chlorphthalim, flumipropyne, carfentrazone, carfentrazone-ethyl, cinidon-ethyl, flumiclorac pentyl, flumioxazin, fluthiacet, fluthiacet-methyl, oxadiargyl, oxadiazone, pentoxazone, pyraclonil, pyraflufen, pyraflufen-ethyl, saflufenacil, sulfentrazone, thidiazimine, benzfendizone, profluazole, and flufenpyr-ethyl.

[0113] Examples of the phenoxyacetic acid compounds include 2,4,5-T, 2,4-D and salts thereof, 2,4-DB and salts thereof, clomeprop, dichlorprop, fenoprop, MCPA and salts thereof, MCPB and salts thereof, mecoprop (MCPP) and salts thereof, and mecoprop P and salts thereof.

[0114] Examples of the hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase enzyme (HPPD) inhibitor compounds include benzobicyclon, benzofenap, bicyclopyrone, isoxaflutole, mesotrione, pyrasulfotole, pyrazolinate (pyrazolate), pyrazoxyfen, sulcotrione, tefuryltrione, tembotrione, topramezone, fenquinotrione, and tolpyralate.

[0115] Examples of the triazine compounds include atraton, adiprothrin, chlorazine, cyprazine, desmetrin, dipropetrin, eglinadin ethyl, ipazine, metoprothrin, procyazine, proglinadin, prometon, propazine, sebutylazine, secbumeton, terbumeton, trietazine, ametryn, atrazine, cyanazine, dimethametryn, hexazinone, indaziflam, metamitron, metribuzin, prometryn, simazine (CAT), simetryn, terbuthylazine, terbutryn, and triaziflam.

[0116] Examples of other herbicides include amicarbazone, ethiozin, isomethiozin, aminocyclopyrachlor, aminotriazole, anilofos, piperophos, beflubutamid, benazolin, benfuresate, bentazone, bromacil, isocyl, bromobutide, bromofenoxime, bromoxynil, butamifos, DMPA, TCTP (chlorthal dimethyl), cafenstrole, chloridazon (PAC), brompyrazone, chlorthal, clomazone, cumyluron, dicamba (MDBA) and its salts, chloramben, TCBA (2,3,8-TBA), benazolin ethyl, chlorfenac, chlorfenprop, dichlobenil (DBN), chlorthiamid (DCBN), cinmethylin, methiozolin, amitrole, flamproprop M, fosamine, methyldymron, monalid, MSMA, difenzoquat, diflufenzopyr, endothal and its salts, ethofumesate, etobenzanide, fenoxasulfone, fentrazamide, flupoxam, fluorochloridone, flurtamo phenanthrene, indanophan, tridiphane, ioxynil, ipfencarbazone, isoxaben, triazifuran, lenacil, methylarsonic acid, naptalam, flurochloridone, norflurazon, oxaziclomefone, pinoxaden, chloranocryl dicryl, pentanochlor (CMMP), propanil, propyzamide, pyridate, pyroxasulfone, promacyl, quinclorac, quinmerac, quinoclamine, terbacil, cyclopyrimorate, Florpyrauxifen-benzyl, Lancotrione and its salts, cyclopyranyl, bixlozone, tetflupirolimet, dimesulfazate, dinosam, dinoseb (DNBP), DNOC, dinoterb, ethinofen, medinoterb, DSMA, cacodylic acid, diphenamide, naproanilide, tebutam, bensulide, dalapon, TCA, mefluidide, pefluidone, CA MA, thiafenacil, trifludimoxadine, rimisoxafen, fenpyrazone, dioxopyritrione, sipirafluone, bipyrazone, benquitrione, fluchloraminopyr, pyriflubenzoxim, flufenoximacil, iptriazopyride, flusulfinam, broclozone, indlauxpyr, icaforin, pyraquinate, metoproxibicyclon, tetrapion (flupropanate) and its salts, and d-limonene.

[0117] The formulation may contain the active ingredient in an amount such that the amount applied per 0.1 g of propagules falls within the range described above. For example, a treatment agent containing a carrier and the active ingredient may contain 0.005 ng to 100 mg, preferably 0.05 ng to 50 mg, and more preferably 0.5 ng to 20 mg per 10 μL of treatment solution. While the carrier may be any of the above, a liquid carrier is preferred, with water being more preferred. The treatment agent preferably contains the above-mentioned adjuvants as other components.

[0118] The formulation can be prepared by mixing the active ingredient with other ingredients. In this case, a formulation having a predetermined dosage form may be prepared using a solid or liquid carrier. The active ingredient may be used as an extract of a microorganism, plant, or seaweed containing the active ingredient, either directly or in combination with other ingredients.

[0119] These preparations preferably contain the active ingredient in an amount of 0.01% by weight to 90% by weight, more preferably 0.1% by weight to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the preparation.

[0120] The above-mentioned preparation may be used as a treatment agent as it is, or may be used as a treatment agent prepared by mixing, etc., with the above-mentioned auxiliary agents or other active ingredients. When mixing, etc., the above-mentioned other active ingredients, the treatment agent may be prepared by mixing, etc., a preparation containing the other active ingredients with a preparation containing the above-mentioned active ingredient.

[0121] The propagules treated with the treatment agent contain the active ingredient on or inside the propagules. Preferably, the propagules contain the active ingredient inside. Preferably, the active ingredient is attached to the surface of the propagules, and more preferably, the active ingredient coats the surface of the propagules together with other ingredients added to the treatment agent as needed. The amount of active ingredient contained in the propagules is preferably 0.05 μg to 100 mg per gram of propagules, more preferably 0.5 μg to 30 mg, even more preferably 0.5 μg to 8 mg, and particularly preferably 0.5 μg to 5 mg.

[0122] The treated propagules can be grown and germinated under normal conditions for growing such propagules. For example, the propagules can be stimulated with water, sunlight, nutrients, etc. to germinate. Growing can be performed by sowing or burying the propagules in soil, or by placing the propagules in a liquid, solid, gel, or other medium. In this embodiment, the propagules are treated with the active ingredient before growth begins (i.e., before sowing, etc.).

[0123] The plants grown in this way may be grown to completion without being transplanted, or the transplanted seedlings that have grown to a certain extent may be transplanted into other soil or medium for further growth.

[0124] [Other Embodiments] It goes without saying that the above-described embodiments are exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention may include embodiments other than the above-described embodiments within the scope of its core technical concept.

[0125] The present invention will be described in detail based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0126] [Evaluation Example 1] Comparison of plant height elongation in broccoli [Treatment Example 1] The seed treatment agents of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 were prepared so that the treatment amount of ergothioneine (EGT) was the EGT treatment amount shown in Table 1. A commercially available EGT was used, and pure water was used as the solvent.

[0127] 0.1 g of broccoli (green leaf) seeds were placed in a microtube, 10 μL of the seed treatment agent was added, and the mixture was mixed by inversion and air-dried for 10 minutes. 1 kg of seedling soil (manufactured by Takii Seeds) was placed in plastic pots measuring 135 mm in diameter and 114 mm in height, and one treated broccoli seed was sown per pot. Ten pots were placed in each treatment group, and the pots were maintained in a greenhouse at a room temperature of 25°C.

[0128] [Treatment Example 2] An EGT solution of Comparative Example 2 was prepared so that the amount of EGT treated would be the amount of EGT treated shown in Table 1. A commercially available EGT was used, and pure water was used as the solvent.

[0129] One kg of nursery soil (manufactured by Takii Seeds) was placed in plastic pots measuring 135 mm in diameter and 114 mm in height, and one untreated broccoli seed was sown per pot. Ten pots were placed in each treatment area. The plants were kept in a greenhouse at a room temperature of 25°C.

[0130] In Comparative Example 2, 50 mL of EGT solution was added to the base of broccoli plants three times in total, on the 19th, 21st and 23rd days after sowing.

[0131] Thirty-five days after sowing, the plant heights of the broccoli plants in Treatment Examples 1 and 2 were measured. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

[0132]

[0133] As shown in Table 1, the seed treatments of Examples 1, 2 and 3 produced taller plants and had a superior plant growth-promoting effect compared to a seed treatment that did not contain EGT (Comparative Example 1) and broccoli plants treated with EGT by irrigation at the base of the plants. Furthermore, the seed treatments of Examples 1, 2 and 3 were confirmed to have an excellent plant growth effect, despite the amount of EGT applied per plant being significantly smaller than that of irrigation at the base of the plants (Comparative Example 2).

[0134] [Evaluation Example 2] Comparison of seed yield of Arabidopsis thaliana [Treatment Example 3] The seed treatment agents of Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Example 3 were prepared so that the treatment amount of ergothioneine (EGT) was the EGT treatment amount shown in Table 2 below. A commercially available EGT was used, and pure water was used as the solvent.

[0135] 0.01 g of Arabidopsis thaliana (Col-O) seeds were placed in a microtube, 20 μL of seed treatment agent was added, and the mixture was mixed by inversion and air-dried. 90 mL of seedling soil (Takii Seeds) was placed in a 60 mm diameter, 55 mm high plastic pot, and one treated Arabidopsis seed was sown per pot. Six pots were placed in a 160 mm diameter, 28 mm high plastic deep dish. The temperature inside the artificial climate chamber was set to 22°C, with a 16-hour light period and an 8-hour dark period. Light conditions were set to a light intensity of 5000 lx at the center under fluorescent light. Water was supplied from the bottom, with the water level set to approximately 5 mm.

[0136] [Treatment Example 4] An EGT solution of Comparative Example 4 was prepared so that the amount of EGT treated would be the amount of EGT treated shown in Table 2. A commercially available EGT was used, and pure water was used as the solvent.

[0137] 90 mL of nursery soil (Takii Seeds) was placed in plastic pots measuring 60 mm in diameter and 55 mm in height, and one untreated Arabidopsis seed was sown per pot. Six pots were placed in a deep plastic dish measuring 160 mm in diameter and 28 mm in height. The temperature inside the climate chamber was set to 22°C, with a 16-hour light period and an 8-hour dark period. Light conditions were set to a light intensity of 5000 lx at the center under fluorescent light illumination. Water was supplied from the bottom, with the water level set to approximately 5 mm.

[0138] In Comparative Example 4, 75 mL of EGT solution was added instead of water five times, on the 27th, 29th, 31st, 33rd and 35th days after sowing.

[0139] Eighty days after sowing, the seed yield of Arabidopsis thaliana was measured in Treatment Examples 3 and 4. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.

[0140]

[0141] As shown in Table 2, the seed treatments of Examples 4, 5, and 6 had higher seed yields and better plant growth-promoting effects than a seed treatment that did not contain EGT (Comparative Example 3) and Arabidopsis plants treated with EGT by bottom irrigation. Furthermore, the seed treatments of Examples 4, 5, and 6 were confirmed to have excellent plant growth effects, despite the amount of EGT applied per plant being significantly lower than that of bottom irrigation (Comparative Example 4).

[0142] [Evaluation Example 3] Comparison of flower bud numbers and fruit yields of tomatoes [Treatment Example 5] The seed treatment agents of Examples 7 to 9 and Comparative Example 5 were prepared so that the treatment amount of ergothioneine (EGT) was the EGT treatment amount shown in Table 3 below. A commercially available EGT was used, and pure water was used as the solvent.

[0143] 0.1 g of tomato (Resina) seeds were placed in a microtube, 50 μL of the seed treatment agent was added, and the mixture was mixed by inversion and air-dried. 1 kg of seedling soil (Takii Seeds) was placed in plastic pots measuring 135 mm in diameter and 114 mm in height, and one treated tomato seed was sown per pot. Five pots were placed in each treatment area, and the pots were kept in a greenhouse at a room temperature of 25°C.

[0144] [Treatment Example 6] An EGT solution of Comparative Example 6 was prepared so that the amount of EGT treated would be the amount of EGT treated shown in Table 3. A commercially available EGT was used, and pure water was used as the solvent.

[0145] 1 kg of nursery soil (Takii Seeds) was placed in plastic pots measuring 135 mm in diameter and 114 mm in height, and one untreated tomato seed was sown per pot. Five pots were placed in each treatment area. The plants were kept in a greenhouse at a room temperature of 25°C.

[0146] In Comparative Example 6, 50 mL of EGT solution was added to the base of the tomato plants six times in total, on the 33rd, 35th, 37th, 39th, 41st and 43rd days after sowing.

[0147] The number of flower buds of the tomatoes in Treatment Examples 5 and 6 was measured 86 days after sowing, and the number of fruits and fruit yield of the tomatoes up to 130 days after sowing were measured. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.

[0148]

[0149] As shown in Table 3, the seed treatments of Examples 7, 8, and 9 produced more flower buds, more fruits, and produced more fruit than the seed treatment that did not contain EGT (Comparative Example 5), and Arabidopsis plants treated with EGT by irrigation at the base of the plants, demonstrating superior growth-promoting effects. Furthermore, the seed treatments of Examples 7, 8, and 9 were confirmed to have an excellent growth-promoting effect, despite the fact that the amount of EGT applied per plant was significantly less than that of irrigation at the base of the plants (Comparative Example 6).

[0150] [Evaluation Example 4] Comparison of germination rates of Mizuna [Treatment Example 7] Seed treatment agents of Examples 10 and 11 and Comparative Examples 7 and 8 were prepared so that the treatment amount of ergothioneine (EGT) was the EGT treatment amount shown in Table 4 below. A commercially available EGT was used, and pure water was used as the solvent.

[0151] 0.1 g of Mizuna (Senjikikyona) seeds were placed in a microtube, 20 μL of the seed treatment agent was added, and the mixture was mixed by inversion and air-dried. 5 mL of pure water was added to a 9 cm Petri dish lined with filter paper, and 20 treated Mizuna seeds were sown. The temperature inside the artificial climate chamber was set to room temperature 22°C, with a 16-hour light period and an 8-hour dark period. The light conditions were set to a light intensity of 5000 lx at the center under fluorescent light irradiation.

[0152] [Treatment Example 8] EGT solutions of Comparative Examples 7 and 8 were prepared so that the amount of EGT treated would be the amount of EGT treated shown in Table 4. A commercially available EGT was used, and pure water was used as the solvent.

[0153] Ten mL of EGT solution was added to a 9 cm petri dish lined with filter paper, and 20 untreated Mizuna seeds were sown in the dish. The temperature inside the climate chamber was set to 22°C, with a 16-hour light period and an 8-hour dark period. The light conditions were set to a light intensity of 5000 lx at the center under fluorescent light irradiation.

[0154] Five days after sowing, the germination rates of Mizuna plants in Treatment Examples 7 and 8 were measured. The evaluation results are shown in Table 4.

[0155]

[0156] As shown in Table 4, the seed treatments of Examples 10 and 11 had a higher germination rate and a superior germination-promoting effect compared to Mizuna plants treated with EGT through hydroponic cultivation. Furthermore, the seed treatments of Examples 10 and 11 were confirmed to have an excellent germination-promoting effect, despite the fact that the amount of EGT applied per plant was significantly lower than that of the seed treatments of hydroponic cultivation (Comparative Examples 7 and 8).

[0157] [Evaluation Example 5] Comparison of plant height elongation in Komatsuna [Treatment Example 9] Seed treatment agents of Examples 12 to 13 and Comparative Examples 9 to 12 were prepared so that the treatment amount of ergothioneine (EGT) was the EGT treatment amount shown in Table 5. A commercially available EGT was used, and pure water was used as the solvent.

[0158] 0.1 g of komatsuna seeds were placed in a microtube, 20 μL of the seed treatment agent was added, and the mixture was mixed by inversion and air-dried. 5 mL of pure water was added to a 9 cm Petri dish lined with filter paper, and 20 treated komatsuna seeds were sown. The temperature inside the artificial climate chamber was set to room temperature 22°C, with a 16-hour light period and an 8-hour dark period. The light conditions were set to a light intensity of 5000 lx at the center under fluorescent light irradiation.

[0159] [Treatment Example 10] EGT solutions of Comparative Examples 10 to 12 were prepared so that the treatment amount by EGT was the EGT treatment amount shown in the following Table 5. A commercially available EGT was used, and pure water was used as the solvent.

[0160] Ten mL of EGT solution was added to a 9 cm petri dish lined with filter paper, and 20 untreated Komatsuna seeds were sown in the dish. The temperature inside the artificial climate chamber was set to room temperature (22°C), with a 16-hour light period and an 8-hour dark period. The light conditions were set to a light intensity of 5000 lx at the center under fluorescent light irradiation.

[0161] Five days after sowing, the plant heights of the Komatsuna plants in Treatment Examples 9 and 10 were measured. The evaluation results are shown in Table 5.

[0162]

[0163] As shown in Table 5, the seed treatments of Examples 12 and 13 produced taller plants and had a superior plant growth-promoting effect compared to the seed treatment containing no EGT (Comparative Example 9) and komatsuna plants treated with EGT by hydroponic cultivation. Furthermore, the seed treatments of Examples 12 and 13 were confirmed to have an excellent plant growth effect, despite the amount of EGT applied per plant being significantly lower than that of plants grown hydroponically (Comparative Examples 10 and 11).

[0164] [Evaluation Example 6] Comparison of EGT content in Mizuna seeds [Treatment Example 11] The seed treatment agent of Example 14 was prepared so that the treatment amount with ergothioneine (EGT) was the EGT treatment amount shown in Table 6. A commercially available EGT product was used, and pure water was used as the solvent.

[0165] 0.1 g of Mizuna (Senjikikyona) seeds were placed in a microtube, 20 μL of the seed treatment agent was added, and the mixture was mixed by inversion and air-dried. 5 mL of pure water was added to a 9 cm Petri dish lined with filter paper, and 20 treated Mizuna seeds were sown. The temperature inside the artificial climate chamber was set to room temperature 22°C, with a 16-hour light period and an 8-hour dark period. The light conditions were set to a light intensity of 5000 lx at the center under fluorescent light irradiation.

[0166] [Treatment Example 12] An EGT solution of Comparative Example 13 was prepared so that the amount of EGT treated would be the amount of EGT treated shown in Table 6. A commercially available EGT was used, and pure water was used as the solvent.

[0167] 10 mL of EGT solution was added to a 9 cm Petri dish lined with filter paper, and 20 untreated shepherd's purse seeds were sown in the dish. The temperature inside the climate chamber was set to room temperature of 22°C, with a 16-hour light period and an 8-hour dark period. The light conditions were set so that the light intensity was 5000 lx at the center under fluorescent light irradiation.

[0168] Two hours after sowing, seeds from Treatment Examples 11 and 12 were collected. The collected seeds were washed with pure water and then crushed in a mortar. The crushed seeds were suspended in 0.5 mL of pure water, and the suspension was heated at 120°C for 10 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the seeds were centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 5 minutes, and the EGT concentration of the collected supernatant was measured. The evaluation results are shown in Table 6.

[0169]

[0170] As shown in Table 6, it was confirmed that the Mizuna seeds treated with the seed treatment agent of Example 14 contained significantly more EGT than the Mizuna seeds grown hydroponically in Comparative Example 13, even though the amount of EGT treated per seed was the same.

[0171] This application claims priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-178169, filed October 16, 2023. The entire disclosure and claims of that application as originally filed are incorporated herein by reference.

[0172] According to the present invention, a method for treating plants is provided that can easily increase production.

Claims

1. A method for treating plants, comprising the step of treating plant propagation materials with an active ingredient which is a compound represented by the following formula (I) or a tautomer thereof, or an agriculturally acceptable salt thereof: 【Chemistry 1】 (In formula (I), R １ and R ２ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R ３ , R ４ and R ５ each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

2. The active ingredient is a growth promoter. The method for treating plants according to claim 1.

3. The amount of the active ingredient to be administered is 0.005 μg or more and 10 mg or less per 0.1 g of the propagules. The method for treating plants according to claim 1 or 2.

4. In the treating step, the propagules are contacted with a treating agent containing the active ingredient. The method for treating plants according to claim 1 or 2.

5. The treatment step is carried out before the start of growing the plant. The method for treating plants according to claim 1 or 2.

6. A liquid carrier; and an active ingredient which is a compound represented by the following formula (I) or a tautomer thereof, or an agriculturally acceptable salt thereof: A formulation for treating plant propagules. 【Chemistry 2】 (In formula (I), R １ and R ２ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R ３ , R ４ and R ５ each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

7. The active ingredient is a growth promoter. A formulation for treating the propagules of the plant according to claim 6.

8. A plant propagation material comprising an active ingredient which is a compound represented by the following formula (I) or a tautomer thereof, or an agriculturally acceptable salt thereof: 【Transformation 3】 (In formula (I), R １ and R ２ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R ３ , R ４ and R ５ each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

9. The active ingredient is a growth promoter. A propagule of the plant according to claim 8.

10. the active ingredient is attached to the surface of the propagule; A propagation material of the plant according to claim 8 or 9.

11. germinating plant propagules, The propagules contain an active ingredient which is a compound of formula (I) below or a tautomer thereof, or an agriculturally acceptable salt thereof: How to grow plants. 【Chemistry 4】 (In formula (I), R １ and R ２ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R ３ , R ４ and R ５ each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

12. The active ingredient is a growth promoter. The method for growing a plant according to claim 11.

13. Before the germination step, treating said propagules with said active ingredient; The method for growing a plant according to claim 11 or 12.

14. A transplanted seedling grown by the method of claim 11 or 12.

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