Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to an aspect of the present disclosure comprises: a transmission unit that transmits information related to an output size of channel state information (CSI) using an artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) model; and a control unit that controls the generation of the CSI. Said one aspect of the present disclosure makes it possible to execute an appropriate CSI report.

Description

Terminal, wireless communication method and base station

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system.

[0002] Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been specified for the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network with the aim of achieving higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Also, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) has been specified with the aim of achieving higher capacity and more advanced features than LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (e.g., 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 or later, etc.) are also being considered.

[0004] 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010

[0005] In future wireless communication systems (e.g., NR), artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML)-based CSI generation is being considered, with CSI compression through encoding / decoding.

[0006] However, details of CSI reporting in the case of CSI compression (e.g., omission of some CSI, determination of payload size, reporting, priority of CSI payload, etc.) are not clear. In this case, appropriate CSI reporting cannot be performed, and communication throughput may decrease.

[0007] Therefore, one of the objects of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal, a radio communication method, and a base station that can perform appropriate CSI reporting.

[0008] A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure is characterized by having a transmitting unit that transmits information regarding the output size of Channel State Information (CSI) using an Artificial Intelligence (AI) / Machine Learning (ML) model, and a control unit that controls the generation of the CSI.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, proper CSI reporting can be performed.

[0010] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a framework for managing an AI model. FIG. 2 illustrates an example of CSI feedback using an encoder / decoder. FIGS. 3A to 3C illustrate the contents of CSI parts 1 and 2 for each type. FIG. 4 illustrates an example of AI / ML-based CSI truncation. FIG. 5 illustrates an example of an adaptation layer for AI / ML-based CSI. FIG. 6 illustrates an overview of normal CSI processing. FIG. 7 illustrates an overview of CSI processing using AI / ML. FIG. 8 illustrates a first example of a CSI generation section of a second embodiment. FIGS. 9A and 9B illustrate first and second examples of priorities for output indices. FIG. 10 illustrates a second example of a CSI generation section of a second embodiment. FIG. 11 illustrates an example of priorities for group indices. FIG. 12 illustrates a third example of priorities for output indices. FIG. 13 illustrates a fourth example of priorities for output indices. FIG. 14 illustrates an example of grouping by output index. FIG. 15 illustrates an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. Fig. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. Fig. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment. Fig. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. Fig. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment.

[0011] (Channel State Information (CSI) Measurement / Reporting) This section describes CSI measurement / reporting in existing NR standards (e.g., Rel. 15-17 NR). The UE generates (also referred to as determining, calculating, estimating, measuring, etc.) CSI based on a reference signal (RS) (or a resource for the RS), and transmits (also referred to as reporting, feedback, etc.) the generated CSI to a network (e.g., a base station). The CSI may be transmitted to the base station, for example, using an uplink control channel (e.g., a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)) or an uplink shared channel (e.g., a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)).

[0012] In the present disclosure, the CSI may be a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), a Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), a CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI), a SS / PBCH Block Resource Indicator (SSBRI), a Layer Indicator (LI), a Rank Indicator (RI), L1-RSRP (Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power), L1-RSRQ (Reference Signal Received Quality), L1-SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio), L1-SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio), information on a channel matrix (or channel coefficient), information on a precoding matrix (or precoding coefficient), a Beam / Transmission Configuration Indication (BCI), a Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), a CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI), a SS / PBCH Block Resource Indicator (SSBRI), a Layer Indicator (LI), a Rank Indicator (RI), a Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power (L1-RSRP), a Reference Signal Received Quality (L1-RSRQ), a Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (L1-SINR), a Signal to Noise Ratio (L1-SNR), information on a channel matrix (or channel coefficient), information on a precoding matrix (or precoding coefficient), a Beam / Transmission Configuration Indication (BCI), a Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), a Beam / Transmission Configuration Indicator (BCI), a Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI ... Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), a Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), a Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), a Precoding Matrix In The information may include at least one of information about the TCI state / spatial relation, time domain channel properties (TDCP), etc.

[0013] The RS used to generate the CSI may be, for example, at least one of a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), a Synchronization Signal / Physical Broadcast Channel (SS / PBCH) block, a Synchronization Signal (SS), a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), etc.

[0014] In the present disclosure, RS, CSI-RS, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS, zero power (ZP) CSI-RS, CSI interference measurement (CSI-IM), CSI-SSB, and SSB may be interchangeable. Furthermore, CSI-RS may include other reference signals.

[0015] The UE may receive configuration information regarding CSI reporting (which may be referred to as a CSI report configuration, report setting, etc.) and control the CSI reporting based on the configuration information. The report configuration information may be, for example, a Radio Resource Control (RRC) information element (IE) "CSI-ReportConfig."

[0016] The CSI reporting configuration may include at least one of the following information: - Information about the CSI resources used for CSI measurements (resource configuration ID, e.g., "CSI-ResourceConfigId"), - Information about one or more quantities (CSI parameters) of CSI to report (report quantity information, e.g., "reportQuantity"), - Report type information indicating the time domain behavior of the reporting configuration (e.g., "reportConfigType").

[0017] In the present disclosure, a CSI resource may be interchangeably referred to as a time instance, a CSI-RS opportunity / CSI-IM opportunity / SSB opportunity, a CSI-RS resource opportunity / opportunities, a CSI opportunity, an opportunity, a CSI-RS resource / CSI-IM resource / SSB resource, a time resource, a frequency resource, an antenna port (e.g., a CSI-RS port), etc. The time unit of a CSI resource may be a slot, a symbol, etc.

[0018] The information about the CSI resource may include information about the CSI resource for channel measurement, information about the CSI resource for interference measurement (NZP-CSI-RS resource), information about the CSI-IM resource for interference measurement, and the like.

[0019] The reporting quantity information may specify any one or a combination of the above CSI parameters (eg, CRI, RI, PMI, CQI, LI, L1-RSRP, etc.).

[0020] The report type information may indicate a periodic CSI (P-CSI) report, an aperiodic CSI (A-CSI) report, or a semi-persistent CSI (SP-CSI) report.

[0021] The UE performs CSI-RS / SSB / CSI-IM measurements based on the CSI resource configuration corresponding to the CSI reporting configuration (the CSI resource configuration associated with the CSI-ResourceConfigId), and derives the CSI to report based on the measurement results.

[0022] The CSI resource configuration (e.g., CSI-ResourceConfig information element) may include a csi-RS-ResourceSetList field indicating more specific CSI-RS / SSB resources, resource type information (e.g., "resourceType") indicating the time domain behavior of the resource configuration, etc.

[0023] The resource type information may indicate a P-CSI resource, an A-CSI resource, or an SP-CSI resource.

[0024] (Application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Technology to Wireless Communications) With regard to future wireless communications technologies, the use of AI technology such as machine learning (ML) for network / device control and management is being considered.

[0025] For example, it is being considered that terminals (user terminals, user equipment (UE)) / base stations (BSs) will utilize AI technology to improve Channel State Information (CSI) feedback (e.g., reduced overhead, improved accuracy, prediction), improve beam management (e.g., improved accuracy, prediction in the time / space domain), and improve position measurement (e.g., improved position estimation / prediction).

[0026] Based on the input information, the AI ​​model may output at least one information such as an estimate, a prediction, a selected action, a classification, etc. The UE / BS may input channel state information, reference signal measurements, etc. to the AI ​​model and output highly accurate channel state information / measurements / beam selection / location, future channel state information / radio link quality, etc.

[0027] In the present disclosure, AI may be interpreted as an object (also called a subject, object, data, function, program, etc.) that has (performs) at least one of the following characteristics: - Estimation based on observed or collected information; - Selection based on observed or collected information; - Prediction based on observed or collected information.

[0028] In the present disclosure, estimation, prediction, and inference may be used interchangeably. Also, in the present disclosure, estimate, predict, and infer may be used interchangeably.

[0029] In the present disclosure, an object may be, for example, an apparatus, device, etc., such as a UE or a BS. Also, in the present disclosure, an object may correspond to a program / model / entity that operates in the apparatus.

[0030] Also, in the present disclosure, an AI model may be interpreted as an object that has (performs) at least one of the following characteristics: - Generates an estimate by feeding information; - Predicts an estimate by feeding information; - Discovers features by feeding information; - Selects an action by feeding information.

[0031] Additionally, in this disclosure, an AI model may refer to a data-driven algorithm that applies AI techniques to generate a set of outputs based on a set of inputs.

[0032] In addition, in the present disclosure, the terms AI model, model, ML model, predictive analytics, predictive analysis model, tool, autoencoder, encoder, decoder, neural network model, AI algorithm, scheme, etc. may be interchangeable. The AI ​​model may be derived using at least one of regression analysis (e.g., linear regression analysis, multiple regression analysis, logistic regression analysis), support vector machine, random forest, neural network, deep learning, etc.

[0033] In this disclosure, the term "autoencoder" may be interchangeably referred to as any autoencoder, such as a stacked autoencoder, a convolutional autoencoder, etc. The encoder / decoder of this disclosure may employ a model such as a Residual Network (ResNet), a DenseNet, or a RefineNet.

[0034] Furthermore, in the present disclosure, the terms encoder, encoding, encode / encoded, modification / alteration / control by an encoder, compressing, compress / compressed, generating, generate / generated, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0035] In addition, in the present disclosure, decoder, decoding, decode / decoded, modification / alteration / control by decoder, decompressing, decompress / decompressed, reconstructing, reconstruct / reconstructed, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0036] In the present disclosure, a layer (of an AI model) may be interchangeably read as a layer (such as an input layer or an intermediate layer) used in the AI ​​model. The layer in the present disclosure may correspond to at least one of an input layer, an intermediate layer, an output layer, a batch normalization layer, a convolutional layer, an activation layer, a dense layer, a normalization layer, a pooling layer, an attention layer, a dropout layer, a fully connected layer, etc.

[0037] In this disclosure, methods for training an AI model may include supervised learning, unsupervised learning, reinforcement learning, federated learning, etc. Supervised learning may refer to the process of training a model from inputs and corresponding labels. Unsupervised learning may refer to the process of training a model without labeled data. Reinforcement learning may refer to the process of training a model from inputs (i.e., states) and feedback signals (i.e., rewards) resulting from the model's outputs (i.e., actions) in an environment with which the model interacts.

[0038] In the present disclosure, terms such as generate, calculate, derive, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms such as implement, operate, operate, execute, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms such as train, learn, update, retrain, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms such as infer, after-training, live use, actual use, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, signal may be interchangeable with signal / channel.

[0039] 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a framework for managing an AI model. In this example, each stage related to an AI model is shown as a block. This example is also referred to as lifecycle management of an AI model.

[0040] The data collection stage corresponds to a stage of collecting data for generating / updating an AI model. The data collection stage may include data organization (e.g., determining which data to transfer for model training / model inference), data transfer (e.g., transferring data to an entity (e.g., UE, gNB) that performs model training / model inference), etc.

[0041] Note that data collection may refer to a process in which data is collected by a network node, a management entity, or a UE for the purpose of AI model training / data analysis / inference. In the present disclosure, the terms "process" and "procedure" may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0042] In the model training stage, model training is performed based on the data (training data) transferred from the collection stage. This stage may include data preparation (e.g., performing data preprocessing, cleaning, formatting, transformation, etc.), model training / validation, model testing (e.g., verifying whether the trained model meets a performance threshold), model exchange (e.g., transferring the model for distributed learning), and model deployment / update (deploying / updating the model to the entity that will perform model inference).

[0043] It should be noted that AI model training may refer to a process for training an AI model in a data-driven manner and obtaining a trained AI model for inference.

[0044] AI model validation may also refer to a sub-process of training that evaluates the quality of an AI model using a dataset different from the dataset used to train the model, which helps select model parameters that generalize beyond the dataset used to train the model.

[0045] AI model testing may also refer to a sub-process of training for evaluating the performance of the final AI model using a dataset different from that used for model training / validation. Note that, unlike validation, testing does not necessarily require subsequent model tuning.

[0046] In the model inference stage, model inference is performed based on the data (inference data) transferred from the collection stage. This stage may include data preparation (e.g., performing data preprocessing, cleaning, formatting, transformation, etc.), model inference, model monitoring (e.g., monitoring the performance of model inference), model performance feedback (feeding back model performance to the entity training the model), and output (providing model output to the actor).

[0047] Additionally, AI model inference may refer to the process of using a trained AI model to produce a set of outputs from a set of inputs.

[0048] Also, a UE side model may refer to an AI model whose inference is performed entirely in the UE, and a network side model may refer to an AI model whose inference is performed entirely in the network (e.g., gNB).

[0049] Also, a one-sided model may refer to a UE-side model or a network-side model. A two-sided model may refer to a pair of AI models in which joint inference is performed. Here, joint inference may include AI inference in which the inference is performed jointly across the UE and the network, e.g., a first part of the inference may be performed first by the UE and the remaining part by the gNB (or vice versa).

[0050] In addition, AI model monitoring may refer to a process for monitoring the inference performance of an AI model, and may be interchangeably read as model performance monitoring, performance monitoring, etc.

[0051] Note that model registration may refer to assigning a version identifier to a model and making the model executable by compiling it into the specific hardware used in the inference stage, and model deployment may refer to distributing (or activating) a fully developed and tested model runtime image (or execution environment image) to (or enabling) a target (e.g., UE / gNB) where inference will be performed.

[0052] An actor stage may include action triggers (e.g., deciding whether to trigger an action on another entity), feedback (e.g., feeding back information needed for training data / inference data / performance feedback), etc.

[0053] For example, training of a model for mobility optimization may be performed in, for example, Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM) / gNodeB (gNB) in a network (NW). In the former case, interoperability, large-capacity storage, operator manageability, and model flexibility (feature engineering, etc.) are advantageous. In the latter case, the latency of model updates and the need for data exchange for model deployment are advantageous. Inference of the above model may be performed in, for example, a gNB.

[0054] The entity that performs training / inference may vary depending on the use case (i.e., the function of the AI ​​model), which may include beam management, beam prediction, autoencoder (or information compression), CSI feedback, positioning, etc.

[0055] For example, for AI-assisted beam management based on measurement reports, the OAM / gNB may perform model training and the gNB may perform model inference.

[0056] For AI-assisted UE-assisted positioning, a Location Management Function (LMF) may perform model training and the LMF may perform model inference.

[0057] For CSI feedback / channel estimation using an autoencoder, the OAM / gNB / UE may perform model training and the gNB / UE may perform model inference (jointly).

[0058] For AI-assisted beam management or AI-assisted UE-based positioning based on beam measurements, the OAM / gNB / UE may perform model training and the UE may perform model inference.

[0059] Note that model activation may mean activating an AI model for a specific function, model deactivation may mean disabling an AI model for a specific function, and model switching may mean deactivating a currently active AI model for a specific function and activating a different AI model.

[0060] Model transfer may also refer to distributing an AI model over the air interface. This distribution may include distributing parameters of a model structure already known at the receiving end, or a new model with parameters, or both. This distribution may include a complete model or a partial model. Model download may refer to transferring a model from the network to the UE. Model upload may refer to transferring a model from the UE to the network.

[0061] (AI-Based CSI Feedback) As a use case of utilizing an AI model, CSI compression using a two-sided AI model is being considered. Such a CSI compression method may be called AI-based CSI feedback and may be realized using, for example, an autoencoder.

[0062] 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of CSI feedback using an encoder / decoder. The UE inputs CSI to an encoder and transmits information (CSI feedback information) including encoded bits output from an antenna. The BS inputs the received CSI feedback information bits to a corresponding decoder to obtain the output CSI.

[0063] The input CSI may include, for example, information on channel coefficients (elements of a channel matrix) or information on precoding coefficients (elements of a precoding matrix). In other words, the CSI may correspond to information on the channel state in the space-frequency domain. Note that the input may include information other than CSI.

[0064] The CSI output from the decoder may be reconstructed CSI corresponding to the input to the encoder, or may be CSI different from the input to the encoder (e.g., information on precoding coefficients if the input information is information on channel coefficients).

[0065] The encoder / decoder may also include pre-processing for the input and post-processing for the output.

[0066] The encoded bits are more compressed than the input information before encoding, and this is expected to reduce the communication overhead required for CSI feedback.

[0067] (Determining CSI payload size) In eType II of NR (Rel. 15), the UE can generate a PMI feedback value using multiple parameters (N1, N2, paramCOmbination-r16, R) using the value of the following equation (1).

[0068]

[0069] The generated PMI may be truncated for CSI reporting in a prioritized manner. Priorities are assigned to several components of the PMI. The PMI components are grouped, with different reporting priorities for each group. The UE may omit PMI content to fit the available UL resources.

[0070] (Two-Part CSI Report) For PUSCH Type I, Type II, Extended Type II, and further Extended Type II port selection feedback, the CSI report consists of the following two parts: Part 1: A fixed payload size is applied. Contains information necessary to derive the payload size of Part 2. Part 2: A variable payload size is applied.

[0071] Fig. 3A is a diagram showing the contents of Parts 1 and 2 of Type ICSI feedback, Fig. 3B is a diagram showing the contents of Parts 1 and 2 of Type II CSI feedback, and Fig. 3C is a diagram showing the contents of Parts 1 and 2 of Extended Type II / Extended Type II Port Selection CSI feedback.

[0072] (Rel. 15 CSI and Grouping) For Type I and Type II (Rel. 15) CSI, i1 is wideband (WB) CSI and i2 is subband (SB) CSI. The priority of the report is determined by WB or SB. In the following explanations of each equation, explanations of parameters with similar meanings may be omitted.

[0073] Equation (2) shows the i1 of Type I single panel. 1,1 is the one-dimensional layer 1 spatial domain (SD) vector index. 1,1 is the SD vector index of the two-dimensional layer 1. 1,3 is the SD vector offset / higher layer phase offset. For CSI-RS ports < 16, i 1,3 indicates the offset of the SD vector between layers. If CSI-RS ports ≥ 16, then i 1,3 denotes the phase shift component of the SD vector between layers (the same phase shift between layers). For Type I single panel, i2 denotes the subband phase of different polarizations and layers.

[0074]

[0075] Equation (3) shows the i1 of the Type I multi-panel. 1,4 denotes the in-phase between panels. For Type I multi-panel, i2 denotes the subband phase of different polarizations and layers.

[0076]

[0077] Equation (4) shows Type II i1 and i2. 1,1 denotes the selected oversampling factor. 1,2 denotes the selected SD vector. 1,3,ldenotes the index of the strongest coefficient in each layer l. 1,4,l denotes the coefficient WB amplitude of each layer l. 1,1,l denotes the SB phase of each layer l. 1,2,l denotes the SB amplitude of each layer l.

[0078]

[0079] Equation (5) shows i1 and i2 of the Type II port selection. 1,1 indicates the selected CSI-RS port. The rest are the same as the elements of Type II CSI.

[0080]

[0081] (CSI and Grouping in Rel. 16) The Rel. 16 Enhanced Type II / Enhanced Type II Port Selection will be explained. Equation (6) shows i1 and i2 for the Rel. 16 Enhanced Type II. 1,1 and i 1,2 is the same as Type II. 1,5 is the initial value of M (frequency domain starting position). 1,6,l is the selected frequency domain vector for each layer l. 1,7,l is the bitmap of reported coefficients for each layer l. 1,8,l is the strongest coefficient of each layer l. 2,3,l is the layer and polarization specific amplitude. i 2,4,l is the magnitude of the coefficient for each layer. 2,5,l is the phase of the coefficients of each layer.

[0082]

[0083] Equation (7) shows the i1 and i2 for Rel. 16 extended Type II port selection. 1,1 indicates the CSI-RS port selected as Type II port selection. The other parameters have the same meaning as the parameters of Extended Type II.

[0084]

[0085] The Rel. 16 Enhanced Type II PMIs are divided into three groups with different reporting priorities (e.g., Groups 0-2 below). Group 0: 1,1 ,i 1,2 ,i 1,8,l Group 1: i 1,5 ,i 1,6,l , high priority part i 1,7 , l , i 2,3,l , high priority part i 2,4,l , high priority part i 2,5,l Group 2: Low priority part (i 1,7,l ,i 2,4,l ,i 2,5,l )

[0086] Reported elements (i 1,7,l ,i 2,4,l ,i 2,5,l ) is associated with a priority value pri(l,i,f) based on the layer index, spatial domain and frequency domain vector index. l,i,f are the layer index, spatial beam index and frequency domain vector index, respectively. For layer and beam indices, smaller indices have higher priority. For frequency domain vectors, those with lower frequency components have higher priority. In the three domains, the priority is generally frequency domain > beam > layer.

[0087] (CSI and Grouping in Rel. 17) The further enhanced Type II port selection in Rel. 17 will now be described. Note that the description of the same parts as in Rel. 16 will be omitted. Equation (8) shows i1 and i2 of the further enhanced Type II port selection in Rel. 17.

[0088]

[0089] element(i 1,7,l ,i 2,4,l ,i 2,5,l Each of the port selections is associated with a priority value pri(l,i,f). The Rel. 17 further enhanced Type II port selections are divided into three groups with different reporting priorities (e.g., Groups 0-2 below). Group 0: i 1,2 ,i 1,6 ,i1,8,l Group 1: High priority part i 1,7 , l , i 2,3,l , high priority part i 2,4,l , high priority part i 2,5,l Group 2: Low priority part (i 1,7,l ,i 2,4,l ,i 2,5,l )

[0090] (Priority Mapping of Multiple CSIs) Maximum N transmitted on PUSCH Ｒｅｐ For each CSI report, a priority from 1 to R is assigned to each CSI report. Components are assigned priority 0, ..., 2N Ｒｅｐ , with priority 0 being the highest priority for the report.

[0091] Wideband CSI for all Type I / Type II CSI reports and Group 0 for all Extended Type II / Further Extended Type II port selection CSI reports correspond to priority 0.

[0092] Subband CSI for Type I / Type II even subbands (for CSI report of priority n) and Group 1 for Extended Type II / Further Extended Type II port selection (for CSI report of priority n) are assigned to priority 1, 3, 2N Ｒｅｐ -1 corresponds to this.

[0093] Subband CSI for Type I / Type II odd subbands (for priority n CSI reports) and Extended Type II / Further Extended Type II port selection group 2 (for priority n CSI reports) are assigned priority 2, 4, 2N, Ｒｅｐ corresponds to:

[0094] (CSI Omission in PUSCH Resources) CSI Part 2 is omitted level by level, starting from the lowest priority level, until the payload size of CSI Part 2 can fit into the PUSCH resources for CSI Part 2 transmission. The UE calculates how many CSI Part 2 bits it can transmit in the remaining PUSCH resources for UCI transmission after excluding the resources occupied by HARQ-ACK and CSI Part 1.

[0095] To determine whether CSI Part 2 can fit into the PUSCH resources, for example, the following values ​​are used: CSI-2 is the number of bits in CSI part 2. CSI-2 is the number of CRS bits. CSI-2 If ≧360, it is 11. SC USI (l) is the number of resource elements available for transmitting UCI in OFDM symbol l. Q'ACK / CG-UCI is the coded modulation symbol for HARQ-ACK. Q' CSI-1 is the coded modulation symbol for CSI part 1. r is the code block size. α is a scaling factor set by the upper layer.

[0096] (Payload Size of AI / ML-Based CSI) By using truncation and adaptation layers, the payload size of AI / ML-based CSI can be expanded more flexibly. No complex combination of parameters is required to set / indicate the payload size and CSI quantization scheme. Size information alone is sufficient.

[0097] Fig. 4 shows an example of AI / ML-based CSI truncation, in which a part (small payload size) of the output layer of the CSI generation part in Fig. 4 is truncated.

[0098] Figure 5 shows an example of an adaptation layer for AI / ML-based CSI, where a portion of the CSI (small payload size) is output in the adaptation layer.

[0099] (Payload Size Determination) Determination of the payload size of CSI using AI / ML and CSI without AI / ML (normal CSI) will be described.

[0100] Figure 6 shows an overview of normal CSI processing. The UE transmits a UE capability report to the NW (base station). The UE receives CSI configuration via RRC. This configuration semi-statically determines the maximum CSI payload size. The UE then receives a CSI report schedule. In this schedule, appropriate resources are allocated according to the configured CSI.

[0101] Then, the UE generates CSI based on the CSI configuration and transmits the CSI (Part 1 and Part 2) to the NW. Note that the UE may omit part of the CSI feedback in order to reduce overhead.

[0102] Conventional CSI requires a complex set of parameters and priority rules to adjust the payload size, and its low flexibility leads to poor performance (spectrum efficiency).

[0103] Figure 7 shows an overview of CSI processing using AI / ML. The UE transmits a UE capability report to the NW (base station). The UE receives CSI configuration, e.g., via RRC, and receives a configuration / indication indicating feature / model activation. The UE then receives a CSI report schedule. The UE then generates CSI based on the configuration. Here, the CSI payload size is dynamically determined. Since the TB size can implicitly indicate the PMI size, no additional signaling is required to determine the CSI payload size using AI / ML.

[0104] The UE transmits CSI (Part 1 and Part 2). As channel and traffic conditions improve, the UE may provide more accurate CSI for improved spectrum efficiency.

[0105] CSI using AI / ML allows for more flexible payload size adjustment through methods such as adaptive layers, truncation, and puncturing, further improving CSI accuracy and achieving high spectrum efficiency.

[0106] (Analysis) In the current NR, as described above, high-precision PMI can be reported in CSI part 2 and transmitted on PUSCH. However, a series of parameters and complex rules are required to control the CSI payload size, which reduces the flexibility of CSI reporting as a trade-off between performance and overhead.

[0107] The AI / ML-based CSI generation model differs from non-AI / ML-based CSI in that it allows for more flexible generation of PMIs for different payload sizes with a single model, for example, by using output node truncation or adaptation layers.

[0108] However, according to the semi-static PMI setting of NR, it is difficult to provide more accurate CSI even when the uplink resource is abundant and the channel condition can support a higher-order Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS). It is preferable to apply an appropriate payload size determination rule for AI / ML CSI.

[0109] Furthermore, in the AI / ML-based CSI generation in Rel. 18, compression of CSI by encoding / decoding is being considered (see, for example, Figure 2). For example, it is possible to generate multiple payloads using one CSI compression model. However, the details of CSI reporting when CSI is compressed (e.g., omission of some CSI, determination of payload size, reporting, priority of CSI payloads, etc.) are not clear. In this case, appropriate CSI reporting cannot be performed, which may result in a decrease in communication throughput.

[0110] Therefore, the present inventors have conceived a method by which proper CSI reporting can be performed.

[0111] (Various Replacements, etc.) Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Wireless communication methods according to the embodiments may be applied independently or in combination.

[0112] In the present disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted interchangeably. Also, in the present disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C."

[0113] In the present disclosure, terms such as notify, activate, deactivate, indicate (or indicate), select, configure, update, and determine may be read interchangeably. In the present disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, and operate may be read interchangeably.

[0114] In the present disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher layer parameters, fields, information elements (IEs), settings, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) control elements (CEs), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0115] In the present disclosure, the higher layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, other messages (e.g., messages from the core network such as positioning protocol (e.g., NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)) messages), or a combination thereof.

[0116] In the present disclosure, MAC signaling may use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MAC CE), a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU), etc. Broadcast information may be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI), Other System Information (OSI), etc.

[0117] In the present disclosure, physical layer signaling may be, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI), and the like.

[0118] In the present disclosure, the terms index, identifier (ID), indicator, resource ID, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, the terms sequence, list, set, group, cluster, subset, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0119] In the present disclosure, the terms panel, UE panel, panel group, beam, beam group, precoder, Uplink (UL) transmitting entity, Transmission / Reception Point (TRP), base station, Spatial Relation Information (SRI), spatial relation, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), Control Resource Set (CORESET), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), Reference Signal (RS), antenna port (e.g., Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port), antenna port group (e.g., DMRS port group), group (e.g., spatial relation group, Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, reference signal group, CORESET group, Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) group, PUCCH resource group), resource (e.g., reference signal resource, SRS resource), resource set (e.g., reference signal resource set), CORESET pool, downlink Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state) (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, Quasi-Co-Location (QCL), QCL assumption, etc. may be read as interchangeable.

[0120] In the present disclosure, terms such as drop, abort, cancel, puncture, rate match, postpone, not transmit, truncation, omit, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0121] In the present disclosure, the terms output size, payload, payload size, CSI payload size, and compressed CSI payload (payload size) may be interchangeable. CSI compression may refer to AI-based CSI compression. In the present disclosure, determining CSI to omit and determining the CSI payload may be interchangeable.

[0122] In this disclosure, the function / model may refer to the AI / ML function / model. Beam prediction / report and CSI prediction / report may be interchangeable. The output in this disclosure may be the encoded / decoded bits (CSI) in FIG. 2 . The output may be compressed / predicted CSI.

[0123] (Wireless Communication Method) <First Embodiment> The operation of a UE regarding the output size (payload size) of CSI using AI / ML functions / models will be described. The UE may receive specific information regarding the AI / ML functions / models from the NW (Option 2), determine the output size of CSI using the AI / ML functions / models based on the specific information, and transmit information regarding the determined output size to the NW (Option 1). The UE may generate CSI using the AI / ML functions / models.

[0124] [Option 1] The UE may report information about the output size of CSI using the AI / ML function / model to the NW (base station). Here, the information about the output size may be at least one of the following: - Maximum output size, minimum output size, output size range, output size option, default output size; - Target performance corresponding to the output size; - Output priority (see the second embodiment described later for details on priority assignment).

[0125] When the UE is instructed to report capabilities for functions / conditions corresponding to CSI reporting, the UE may report the capabilities to the NW as UE capability information.

[0126] The UE may report information / indication regarding the power size to the NW. The UE may be configured with a list (list of indexes) indicating several candidate ranges or options in advance and report an indication of the index of one of them.

[0127] The model may be learned at the UE side and information about the output size of the CSI function / model may be reported only if the UE knows this information.

[0128] [Option 2] The UE may obtain / determine information regarding the output size of the function / model for CSI generation after at least one of the following processes: The UE may receive a message (information regarding the output size) with an ID (model ID) from the NW as an additional condition. That is, the agreement on the additional condition is achieved by the model ID. The UE may receive / fetch a model for CSI. The UE may be instructed on the information / location of the model or may fetch the information as an additional condition. That is, the agreement on the additional condition is achieved by the transfer / distribution of the model.

[0129] The UE may be instructed / specified information regarding the power size of the feature / model. The UE may be configured / instructed / specified a default power size for the CSI report.

[0130] According to this embodiment, the UE can share information about the output size of the CSI function / model with the NW (base station).

[0131] Second Embodiment: Determination of CSI (CSI feedback) payload size will be described. The UE determines CSI to omit based on, for example, the priority of the CSI, and determines the payload (payload size / output size). When the UE plans to report CSI generated by a CSI function / model, the UE may perform at least one of the following operations:

[0132] The UE may generate an output of the CSI model / function according to a selected output size. The selected output size may be the maximum output size or a default output size. The selected output size may be based on the payload size available for the output given scheduled resources and other multiplexed content. The selected output size may also be based on a target performance set / instructed to the UE.

[0133] The UE may multiplex the output from the model / function with other content, such as other CSI content, UL transport blocks (ie, UL-SCH data), or HARQ-ACK.

[0134] The UE can omit some outputs of a model / function based on information about the priority assignment of outputs. Regarding priority assignment, at least one of the following may be applied: Information about priority assignment may be reported / obtained in the same way as the output size in the first embodiment. Priority and output mapping. Each output is assigned a priority. For example, priority 0 indicates the highest reporting priority, and a larger priority value indicates a lower (or higher) priority. Each output is assigned a consecutively increasing / decreasing number (index). The UE may truncate outputs from the end / head based on this index. Outputs are grouped, and each group is assigned an order (either an arbitrary value or an increasing / decreasing number). In a system with an output adaptation layer, the outputs of each adaptation layer may be grouped and assigned a priority. Priority values ​​generated by a pseudo-random number sequence are also part of the output size information. This means that a random puncturing method for payload size adaptation is applied. If multiple layer or multiple CSI outputs are generated by one function / model, a joint (common) priority assignment is performed based on one of the rules above and the layer / CSI index. For priority assignment, the output of the CSI generator may indicate a single number from the CSI generator (if quantization is out of the CSI generator) or a set of bits corresponding to the value from the CSI generator (if quantized bits are output directly). The UE may index each output for priority assignment. The UE may assume that the outputs are indexed in the order in which they are output.

[0135] The UE may not report all powers with the same priority. The UE is not expected to report CSI for specific power sizes, such as those smaller than the minimum power size, outside the range of power sizes, larger than the maximum power size, or with target performance below a set / instructed threshold.

[0136] The UE may report information about the reported power size, which may be at least one of the following: - the reported power size; - an index to the selected option among the power size options; - the maximum priority of the reported power.

[0137] The reported power size may be CSI Part 2 or a part of CSI Part 2. By assigning the priority, the UE may omit the output of the CSI features / models according to the omission rules of Rel. 15 or the priority of this embodiment.

[0138] [Example] The details of priority assignment are as follows: The UE can use the following priority assignment for CSI omission: Each output of one CSI report generated by a function / model is assigned a priority from 0 to P low Numbered priorities P up to i A priority of 0 indicates the highest (or lowest) priority for the report, with higher (or lower) priority values ​​indicating lower priority.

[0139] 8 shows a first example of the CSI generation part of the second embodiment. In the output layer of the CSI, indices (output indices) are assigned.

[0140] 9A and 9B are diagrams showing first and second examples of priorities for output indexes. i is a priority value. In the example of FIG. 9A, an arbitrary priority is assigned to the output index. In the example of FIG. 9B, the larger the index, the lower the priority is assigned. As an additional condition, the UE may report / indicate a priority assignment map (a table showing the correspondence between the output index and the priority) as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, or the map may be set / indicated by the NW.

[0141] Fig. 10 shows a second example of the CSI generation part of the second embodiment. In Fig. 10, indices (output indices) are assigned to the output layers of the CSI, and each layer / index is grouped and assigned a group index.

[0142] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the priority order for group indexes. i is a priority value. The UE may report / instruct the priority allocation increase / decrease rule (a table showing the correspondence between group index and priority) as shown in FIG. 11 as an additional condition, or the rule may be set / instructed from the NW.

[0143] Figure 12 is a diagram showing a third example of priority for output indexes. Figure 12 shows priority assignment based on PN sequence. PN(i) is a PN generator that generates a PN (priority number). The PN generator may use, for example, any function. The UE may report / indicate the assignment of PN(i) or priority as an additional condition.

[0144] Fig. 13 is a diagram showing a fourth example of priorities for output indexes. Fig. 13 shows joint priority assignment for multiple outputs from multiple layers. In the example of Fig. 13, the same priority may be assigned to the output indexes of layer 0 and layer 1. For example, a group index may be assigned in common to the output indexes of layer 0 and layer 1. Then, a priority may be assigned to the group index in the same way as in Fig. 11.

[0145] According to this embodiment, the UE can appropriately determine the CSI to omit and determine the payload.

[0146] As described in <Third Embodiment> (Priority Mapping of Multiple CSIs), priorities are set according to the type and group of CSI for CSI omission. For example, the UE may group the output index of CSI and determine whether to omit CSI reporting for the group based on the priority of each group. The following options may be applied to priority mapping.

[0147] [Option 1] The UE may group CSI based on output index. The UE may determine the CSI up to the highest priority output G0 as group 0, determine the remaining outputs from the highest priority to G1 as group 1, and determine the remaining outputs as group 2. G0 and G1 may be output indexes designated / configured in advance to the UE. For the three groups of CSI, the UE may use the priorities designated above (Priority Mapping of Multiple CSIs) for CSI omission.

[0148] [Option 2] The UE may group CSI based on priority thresholds. The UE may determine outputs with priority lower than P1 as group 0 of CSI, the remaining outputs with priority lower than P2 as group 1 of CSI, and then the remaining outputs as group 2 of CSI. P1 and P2 may be pre-assigned / configured to the UE.

[0149] 14 is a diagram showing an example of grouping for each output index. As shown in FIG. 14, the output indexes of the CSI may be grouped by assigning smaller group indexes in ascending order of the output index. The grouping example is not limited to the example in FIG. 14, and smaller group indexes may be assigned in descending order of the output index.

[0150] [Option 3] The UE may perform common grouping for multiple layers. When the outputs of multiple layers of CSI are generated separately from one function / model, this option 3 may be applied. For example, the UE may apply any of the following options 3-1 to 3-3.

[0151] <<Option 3-1>> The UE may determine the outputs of each layer up to the highest priority G0 or [G0 / v] as the CSI of group 0, determine the outputs of the remaining outputs of each layer up to the highest priority G1 or [G1 / v] as the CSI of group 1, and determine the remaining outputs as the CSI of group 2. Here, G0 and G1 may be specified / configured in advance in the UE. Note that [x] above refers to a round / ceil / floor function that outputs an integer based on x, and v is the number of layers.

[0152] <<Option 3-2>> The UE may generate three groups as layer-specific groups for the output of each layer, and regroup them according to both the layer-specific group index and the layer index. For example, let g = αgr + βr, where gr = 0, 1, 2 are layer-specific group indexes, β = 0, 1, ... are layer indexes, and r = 0, 1, ... are values ​​specified or configured in the UE. The CSI of group 0 includes layer-specific groups with g < 1, the CSI of group 2 includes layer-specific groups with g < 2, and the rest are included in the CSI of group 2.

[0153] Option 3-2 allows flexible priority rules to be set for each layer. For example, Group 0 can rebuild feasible PMIs for Layer 0, and Group 1 can improve the quality of Layer 0 while rebuilding feasible PMIs for Layer 1. Group 2 can rebuild the remaining layers and improve the quality of all PMIs.

[0154] <<Option 3-3>> The UE may use joint priority allocation as in the second embodiment and perform CSI grouping based on output indexes or priority thresholds. If there are three groups, the UE may treat them as groups 0, 1, and 2 based on the assigned priorities.

[0155] [Example of Priority Mapping of Multiple CSIs] An example of priority mapping of multiple CSIs in this embodiment will be described. ＲｅｐFor each CSI report, a priority from 1 to R is assigned to each CSI report. Components are assigned priority 0, ..., 2N Ｒｅｐ , with priority 0 being the highest priority for a report.

[0156] Wideband CSI of all Type I / Type II CSI reports, Group 0 of all CSI reports with Extended Type II / Further Extended Type II port selection, and Group 0 of all CSI reports using functional / model-based CSI correspond to priority 0.

[0157] Subband CSI of Type I / Type II even subbands (CSI report of priority n), Group 1 of Extended Type II / Further Extended Type II port selection (for CSI report of priority n), and Group 1 of CSI report using function / model-based CSI (for CSI report of priority n) are reported by priority 1, 3, 2N, 3G, 3H, 3N, 3N-3G, 3H ... Ｒｅｐ -1 corresponds to this.

[0158] Subband CSI of Type I / Type II odd subbands (for CSI report of priority n), Group 2 of Enhanced Type II / Further Enhanced Type II port selection (for CSI report of priority n), and Group 2 of CSI report using function / model-based CSI (for CSI report of priority n) are reported by priority 2, 4, 2N Ｒｅｐ corresponds to:

[0159] The UE may expect that any embodiment, option will only be applied if the UE reports that it supports the particular feature / model.

[0160] According to this embodiment, it is possible to appropriately set priorities for CSI in order to omit CSI.

[0161] <Supplementary Information> [Notification of Information to UE] In the above-described embodiments, any information may be notified to the UE (from a network (NW) (e.g., a base station (BS))) (in other words, reception of any information from the BS by the UE) using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal / channel (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0162] When the notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) in the MAC subheader, which is not defined in existing standards.

[0163] When the notification is made by DCI, the notification may be made by a specific field of the DCI, a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used to scramble Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, the format of the DCI, etc.

[0164] Furthermore, notification of any information to the UE in the above embodiments may be performed periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically.

[0165] [Notification of Information from UE] In the above-described embodiments, notification of any information from the UE (to the NW) (in other words, transmission / report of any information from the UE to the BS) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal / channel (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0166] When the notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new LCID, which is not defined in existing standards, in the MAC subheader.

[0167] If the notification is made by UCI, the notification may be transmitted using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0168] Furthermore, any information in the above-described embodiments may be notified from the UE periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically.

[0169] [Other] In this disclosure, functionality may refer to a set of parameters (e.g., a set of parameters for CSI prediction / beam prediction / CSI compression) that can be supported based on conditions dictated by UE capabilities.

[0170] The UE may report parameter values ​​related to the functionality / model as conditions to the NW via higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC, MAC CE) / physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI). For example, the UE may report the conditions using UE capability / feature / feature group reporting.

[0171] The UE may report or instruct the parameter values ​​related to the functionality / model as additional conditions to the NW using higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling or methods other than signaling via the air interface of the NW (e.g., operator's configurations, pre-configured messages, etc.).

[0172] The UE may report or be instructed on information / instructions about the parameters corresponding to these additional conditions (e.g., parameter names) as information / instructions about the additional conditions using higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling or methods other than signaling via the air interface of the network (e.g., operator's configurations, pre-configured messages, etc.).

[0173] For example, the UE may report a device ID, a vendor ID, etc. as additional information. The UE may also be notified of a cell ID as an additional condition. The UE may also report or be instructed to report information such as a cell ID / UE ID instead of a parameter name.

[0174] Methods other than signaling via the air interface of the network may be methods related to pre-configuration of the UE (for example, configuration by the UE vendor) or operator configuration provided by the network operator.

[0175] [Application of Each Embodiment] At least one of the above-described embodiments may be applied when a specific condition is met. The specific condition may be defined in a standard or may be notified to a UE / BS using higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling.

[0176] At least one of the above-described embodiments may be applied only to UEs that have reported a specific UE capability or that support the specific UE capability. Note that "supporting" and "whether to support" may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0177] The specific UE capabilities may indicate at least one of the following: - Supporting specific processing / operations / control / information for at least one of the above embodiments; - Maximum output size (first embodiment); - Range of output size (first embodiment).

[0178] Furthermore, the above-mentioned specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), or may be a capability for each frequency (e.g., one or a combination of a cell, a band, a band combination, a BWP, a component carrier, etc.), or may be a capability for each frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), or may be a capability for each subcarrier spacing (SubCarrier Spacing (SCS)), or may be a capability for each Feature Set (FS) or Feature Set Per Component-carrier (FSPC).

[0179] Furthermore, the specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied to all duplexing methods (commonly regardless of the duplexing method), or may be a capability for each duplexing method (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD) or Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0180] Furthermore, at least one of the above-described embodiments may be applied when the UE configures / activates / triggers specific information related to the above-described embodiment (or performs the operations of the above-described embodiment) through higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling. For example, the specific information may be any RRC parameter for a specific release (e.g., Rel. 18 / 19), etc.

[0181] If the UE does not support at least one of the specific UE capabilities or is not configured with the specific information, the UE may apply, for example, the behavior of Rel. 15 / 16 / 17.

[0182] (Supplementary Notes) The following inventions are supplementary notes regarding one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Supplementary Note 1] A terminal having: a transmitting unit that transmits information regarding an output size of Channel State Information (CSI) using an Artificial Intelligence (AI) / Machine Learning (ML) model; and a control unit that controls generation of the CSI. [Supplementary Note 2] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 1, further having a receiving unit that receives specific information regarding the AI / ML model, and the control unit determines the output size of the CSI based on the specific information. [Supplementary Note 3] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 1 or Supplementary Note 2, in which the control unit determines CSI to omit based on priority and determines the output size of the CSI. [Supplementary Note 4] The terminal according to any of Supplementary Notes 1 to 3, in which the control unit groups output indexes of the CSI and determines whether to omit CSI reporting for each group based on the priority of each group.

[0183] (Wireless Communication System) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of the present disclosure or a combination thereof.

[0184] 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (which may be simply referred to as system 1) may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE) or 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR) specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0185] The wireless communication system 1 may also support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0186] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the master node (Master Node (MN)), and the NR base station (gNB) is the secondary node (Secondary Node (SN)). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0187] The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity in which both the MN and SN are NR base stations (gNBs) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0188] The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with a relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) that are located within the macrocell C1 and form small cells C2 that are smaller than the macrocell C1. A user terminal 20 may be located within at least one of the cells. The locations and numbers of the cells and user terminals 20 are not limited to the embodiment shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when there is no need to distinguish between the base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0189] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CCs) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0190] Each CC may be included in at least one of a first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and a second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). The macro cell C1 may be included in FR1, and the small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band higher than 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may correspond to a higher frequency band than FR2.

[0191] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may perform communication using at least one of time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD) in each CC.

[0192] The multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (e.g., optical fiber compliant with the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), an X2 interface, etc.) or wirelessly (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between the base stations 11 and 12, the base station 11 corresponding to the upper station may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and the base station 12 corresponding to the relay station (relay) may be called an IAB node.

[0193] The base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 directly or via another base station 10. The core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), a Next Generation Core (NGC), and the like.

[0194] The core network 30 may include network functions (Network Functions (NF)) such as a User Plane Function (UPF), an Access and Mobility management Function (AMF), a Session Management Function (SMF), a Unified Data Management (UDM), an Application Function (AF), a Data Network (DN), a Location Management Function (LMF), and Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM). A single network node may provide multiple functions. Communication with an external network (e.g., the Internet) may also be performed via the DN.

[0195] The user terminal 20 may be a terminal that supports at least one of communication methods such as LTE, LTE-A, and 5G.

[0196] An Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based radio access scheme may be used in the wireless communication system 1. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or the like may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL).

[0197] The radio access scheme may also be called a waveform. Note that in the wireless communication system 1, other radio access schemes (e.g., other single-carrier transmission schemes, other multi-carrier transmission schemes) may be used as the UL and DL radio access schemes.

[0198] In the wireless communication system 1, a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), etc. may be used as the downlink channel.

[0199] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), or the like may be used as an uplink channel.

[0200] The PDSCH transmits user data, higher layer control information, a System Information Block (SIB), etc. The PUSCH may transmit user data, higher layer control information, etc. Furthermore, the PBCH may transmit a Master Information Block (MIB).

[0201] Lower layer control information may be transmitted by the PDCCH. The lower layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) including scheduling information for at least one of the PDSCH and the PUSCH.

[0202] Note that the DCI for scheduling the PDSCH may be referred to as a DL assignment, a DL DCI, etc., and the DCI for scheduling the PUSCH may be referred to as a UL grant, a UL DCI, etc. Note that the PDSCH may be replaced with DL data, and the PUSCH may be replaced with UL data.

[0203] A control resource set (CORESET) and a search space may be used to detect the PDCCH. The CORESET corresponds to resources for searching for DCI. The search space corresponds to a search region and a search method for PDCCH candidates. One CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE may monitor the CORESET associated with a certain search space based on the search space configuration.

[0204] One search space may correspond to PDCCH candidates corresponding to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be referred to as a search space set. Note that the terms "search space," "search space set," "search space configuration," "search space set configuration," "CORESET," "CORESET configuration," and the like in the present disclosure may be read interchangeably.

[0205] The PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (which may be called, for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). The PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with a cell.

[0206] In the present disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc. may be expressed without adding "link." Also, various channels may be expressed without adding "Physical" to the beginning.

[0207] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc. may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, as the DL-RS, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc. may be transmitted.

[0208] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including an SS (PSS, SSS) and a PBCH (and a DMRS for the PBCH) may be referred to as an SS / PBCH block, an SS Block (SSB), or the like. Note that the SS, SSB, and the like may also be referred to as a reference signal.

[0209] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, a sounding reference signal (SRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), or the like may be transmitted as an uplink reference signal (UL-RS). Note that the DMRS may also be called a user equipment-specific reference signal (UE-specific reference signal).

[0210] 16 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transceiver unit 120, a transceiver antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that the base station may include one or more of each of the control unit 110, the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140.

[0211] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0212] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are explained based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0213] The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may control transmission and reception using the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140, measurement, etc. The control unit 110 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and transfer them to the transceiver unit 120. The control unit 110 may perform call processing (setting up, releasing, etc.) of communication channels, status management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, etc.

[0214] The transceiver unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transceiver unit 120 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0215] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be configured from a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be configured from a transmission processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may be configured from a reception processing unit 1212, the RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[0216] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates, such as an array antenna.

[0217] The transceiver 120 may transmit the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 120 may receive the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0218] The transceiver 120 may form at least one of the transmit beam and the receive beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0219] The transmitter / receiver unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer processing, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), Medium Access Control (MAC) layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0220] The transmitter / receiver unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0221] The transceiver unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transceiver antenna 130.

[0222] On the other hand, the transceiver unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transceiver antenna 130.

[0223] The transceiver 120 (reception processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, thereby acquiring user data, etc.

[0224] The transceiver 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

[0225] The transmission path interface 140 may transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between devices included in the core network 30 (e.g., network nodes that provide NF), other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0226] The transmitting section and receiving section of the base station 10 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving section 120, the transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140.

[0227] The transceiver 120 may receive information regarding the output size of the CSI using an Artificial Intelligence (AI) / Machine Learning (ML) model.

[0228] The control unit 110 may control the reception of the CSI.

[0229] (User Terminal) Fig. 17 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transceiver unit 220, and a transceiver antenna 230. Note that the user terminal 20 may include one or more of each of the control unit 210, the transceiver unit 220, and the transceiver antenna 230.

[0230] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0231] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0232] The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may control transmission and reception, measurement, etc. using the transceiver unit 220 and the transceiver antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals and transfer them to the transceiver unit 220.

[0233] The transceiver unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transceiver unit 220 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0234] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be composed of a transmission processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may be composed of a reception processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[0235] The transmitting / receiving antenna 230 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates, such as an array antenna.

[0236] The transceiver 220 may receive the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 220 may transmit the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0237] The transceiver unit 220 may form at least one of the transmit beam and the receive beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0238] The transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 210, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0239] The transmitter / receiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0240] Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the setting of transform precoding. When transform precoding is enabled for a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), the transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as the transmission processing to transmit the channel using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, and if not, it may not be necessary to perform DFT processing as the transmission processing.

[0241] The transceiver unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transceiver antenna 230.

[0242] On the other hand, the transceiver unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transceiver antenna 230.

[0243] The transceiver unit 220 (reception processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, and acquire user data, etc.

[0244] The transceiver 220 (measurement unit 223) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 may perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 may measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

[0245] The measurement unit 223 may derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on the channel measurement resources. The channel measurement resources may be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. The measurement unit 223 may also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on the interference measurement resources. The interference measurement resources may be at least one of an NZP CSI-RS resource for interference measurement, a CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resource, etc. Note that CSI-IM may be referred to as CSI-Interference Management (IM) or may be interchangeably read as Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS. Note that in the present disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc. may be interchangeably read as interchangeable.

[0246] The transmitting unit and receiving unit of the user terminal 20 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving unit 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0247] The transceiver 220 may transmit information regarding the output size of the CSI using an Artificial Intelligence (AI) / Machine Learning (ML) model.

[0248] The controller 210 may control the generation of the CSI.

[0249] The transceiver 220 may receive specific information regarding the AI / ML model, and the controller 210 may determine the output size of the CSI based on the specific information.

[0250] The control unit 210 may determine the CSI to be omitted based on the priority and determine the output size of the CSI.

[0251] The controller 210 may group the output indexes of the CSI and determine whether to omit reporting the CSI for each group based on the priority of each group.

[0252] (Hardware Configuration) Note that the block diagrams used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wires, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may be realized by combining software with the single device or the multiple devices.

[0253] Here, the functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, election, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, deeming, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission may be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. As described above, the implementation method of each is not particularly limited.

[0254] For example, a base station, a user terminal, etc. according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. The above-described base station 10 and user terminal 20 may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0255] In the present disclosure, the terms apparatus, circuit, device, section, unit, etc. may be used interchangeably. The hardware configurations of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the devices.

[0256] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing may be performed by one processor, or processing may be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, serially, or in other ways. Furthermore, processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips.

[0257] Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading specified software (programs) onto hardware such as a processor 1001 and a memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication via the communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0258] The processor 1001, for example, runs an operating system to control the entire computer. The processor 1001 may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, at least a part of the above-mentioned control unit 110 (210), transceiver unit 120 (220), etc. may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0259] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes in accordance with these. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and the other functional blocks may be implemented in a similar manner.

[0260] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured by at least one of, for example, Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically EEPROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, cache, main memory, etc. The memory 1002 may store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0261] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be composed of at least one of, for example, a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disc (e.g., a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray disc), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[0262] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, or a communication module. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmission / reception unit 120 (220), transmission / reception antenna 130 (230), etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004. The transmission / reception unit 120 (220) may be implemented as a transmission unit 120a (220a) and a reception unit 120b (220b) that are physically or logically separated.

[0263] The input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that accepts input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, a speaker, a light emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (e.g., a touch panel).

[0264] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0265] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized using this hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0266] (Modifications) Note that terms described in the present disclosure and terms necessary for understanding the present disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, a channel, a symbol, and a signal (signal or signaling) may be interchangeable. A signal may also be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS, and may also be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc. depending on the applicable standard. A component carrier (CC) may also be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0267] A radio frame may be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of the one or more periods (frames) constituting a radio frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0268] Here, the numerology may be a communication parameter applied to at least one of transmission and reception of a signal or channel, and may indicate at least one of, for example, Subcarrier Spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, Transmission Time Interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering performed by a transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing performed by a transceiver in the time domain.

[0269] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol) in the time domain. A slot may also be a time unit based on numerology.

[0270] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0271] A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals. The radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol. Note that the time units such as a frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol in the present disclosure may be interchangeable.

[0272] For example, one subframe may be referred to as a TTI, or multiple consecutive subframes may be referred to as a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be referred to as a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc. instead of a subframe.

[0273] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal in TTI units. Note that the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0274] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0275] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0276] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0277] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and greater than or equal to 1 ms.

[0278] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on numerology.

[0279] In addition, an RB may include one or more symbols in the time domain and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI, each of which may be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0280] In addition, one or more RBs may be referred to as a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0281] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0282] A Bandwidth Part (BWP), which may also be referred to as a partial bandwidth, may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a Common Reference Point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a BWP and numbered within the BWP.

[0283] The BWP may include a UL BWP (BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (BWP for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0284] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0285] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc. may be changed in various ways.

[0286] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by a predetermined index.

[0287] The names used for parameters and the like in this disclosure are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions and the like using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0288] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0289] Furthermore, information, signals, etc. may be output from a higher layer to a lower layer and / or from a lower layer to a higher layer. Information, signals, etc. may be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0290] Input and output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or added. Output information, signals, etc. may be deleted. Input information, signals, etc. may be transmitted to another device.

[0291] The notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information in the present disclosure may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB) and System Information Block (SIB)), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof.

[0292] Note that the physical layer signaling may be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, such as an RRC Connection Setup message or an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message. Furthermore, the MAC signaling may be notified using, for example, a MAC Control Element (CE).

[0293] Furthermore, notification of specified information (e.g., notification that "it is X") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be made implicitly (e.g., by not notifying the specified information or by notifying other information).

[0294] The determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value represented by true or false, or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0295] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0296] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0297] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably. A "network" may refer to devices included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0298] In this disclosure, terms such as "precoding," "precoder," "weight (precoding weight)," "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)," "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)," "spatial relation," "spatial domain filter," "transmit power," "phase rotation," "antenna port," "layer," "number of layers," "rank," "resource," "resource set," "beam," "beam width," "beam angle," "antenna," "antenna element," "panel," "UE panel," "transmitting entity," "receiving entity," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0299] In the present disclosure, the term "antenna port" may be interchangeably read as an antenna port for any signal / channel (e.g., a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port). In the present disclosure, the term "resource" may be interchangeably read as a resource for any signal / channel (e.g., a reference signal resource, an SRS resource, etc.). The resource may include time / frequency / code / space / power resources. Furthermore, the spatial domain transmission filter may include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

[0300] The group may include, for example, at least one of a spatial relationship group, a Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, a Reference Signal (RS) group, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) group, a PUCCH group, an antenna port group (e.g., a DMRS port group), a layer group, a resource group, a beam group, an antenna group, a panel group, and the like.

[0301] In addition, in the present disclosure, beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, codeword (CW), transport block (TB), RS, etc. may be read as interchangeable terms.

[0302] In addition, in the present disclosure, the terms TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, joint TCI state, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0303] Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms such as "QCL," "QCL assumption," "QCL relationship," "QCL type information," "QCL property / properties," "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D) property," and "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D)" may be interchangeable.

[0304] In the present disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, indication, and resource ID may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, and subset may be interchangeable.

[0305] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and the spatial relationship information (TCI state) may be interchangeable. The "spatial relationship information (TCI state)" may be interchangeable with "set of spatial relationship information (TCI state)", "one or more pieces of spatial relationship information", etc. The TCI state and the TCI may be interchangeable. The spatial relationship information and the spatial relationship may be interchangeable.

[0306] In the present disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNB (eNodeB)," "gNB (gNodeB)," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," "component carrier," etc. may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, picocell, etc.

[0307] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be partitioned into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can be provided with communication service by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The terms "cell" or "sector" refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication service within that coverage.

[0308] In the present disclosure, a base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control / operate based on the information.

[0309] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0310] A mobile station may also be referred to as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0311] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0312] The mobile body is a movable object that can move at any speed and naturally includes cases where the mobile body is stationary. Examples of the mobile body include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile body may also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on an operation command.

[0313] The mobile object may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0314] 19 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, an RPM sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0315] The drive unit 41 is configured with at least one of an engine, a motor, and a hybrid of an engine and a motor, for example. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by a user.

[0316] The electronic control unit 49 is composed of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (for example, an input / output (IO) port) 63. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 49 from various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0317] The signals from the various sensors 50-58 include a current signal from a current sensor 50 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by a rotation speed sensor 51, an air pressure signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 54, a depression amount signal of the accelerator pedal 43 obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a depression amount signal of the brake pedal 44 obtained by a brake pedal sensor 56, an operation signal of the shift lever 45 obtained by a shift lever sensor 57, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 58.

[0318] The information service unit 59 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a display, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 60 or the like to provide various information / services (e.g., multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0319] The information service unit 59 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

[0320] The driving assistance system unit 64 includes various devices for providing functions to prevent accidents and reduce the driver's driving burden, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), Inertial Navigation Systems (INSs)), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize driving assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0321] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 transmits and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to and from the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and the various sensors 50-58, which are provided in the vehicle 40.

[0322] The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the base station 10 or the user terminal 20 described above. Furthermore, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 described above (or may function as at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20).

[0323] The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 59 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0324] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on an information service unit 59 provided in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 60 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0325] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, various sensors 50-58, and the like provided in the vehicle 40.

[0326] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a user terminal. For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, terms such as an uplink channel and a downlink channel may be read as a sidelink channel.

[0327] Similarly, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be read as a base station, in which case the base station 10 may be configured to have the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0328] In the present disclosure, an operation described as being performed by a base station may be performed by its upper node in some cases. It is apparent that in a network including one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (such as, but not limited to, a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc.), or a combination thereof.

[0329] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Furthermore, the order of the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be changed unless inconsistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the particular order presented.

[0330] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be a technology other than Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or decimal number)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.17 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.19 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.21 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.22 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.23 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.24 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.25 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.26 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.27 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.28 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.29 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.30 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.31 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.32 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.33 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802. The present invention may be applied to systems that use IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other suitable wireless communication methods, or to next-generation systems that are expanded, modified, created, or defined based on these. Furthermore, the present invention may be applied to a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G).

[0331] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0332] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

[0333] The term "determining" as used in this disclosure may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" may be considered to be judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, search, inquiry (e.g., looking up in a table, database, or another data structure), ascertaining, etc.

[0334] Additionally, "determining" may be considered to be "determining" receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc.

[0335] Furthermore, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" some kind of action. In the present disclosure, "determination" may be read interchangeably with the above-mentioned actions.

[0336] Furthermore, in this disclosure, "determine / determining" may be interchangeably read as "assume / assuming," "expect / expecting," "consider / considering," etc. Furthermore, in this disclosure, "does not expect to do..." may be interchangeably read as "assumes not to do...."

[0337] In the present disclosure, "expect" may be interchangeably read as "be expected." For example, "expect(s) ..." ("..." may be expressed, for example, as a that clause, a to-infinitive, etc.) may be interchangeably read as "be expected ...." "does not expect ..." may be interchangeably read as "be not expected ...." Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected ..." may be interchangeably read as "an apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect ... from apparatus A" (e.g., if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B may be a base station).

[0338] The "maximum transmit power" in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0339] As used in this disclosure, the terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access."

[0340] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to one another using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., as well as using electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, light (both visible and invisible) range, etc., as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0341] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0342] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when the term "or" is used in this disclosure, it is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0343] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0344] In the present disclosure, terms such as "less than or equal to," "less than," "greater than," "more than," "equal to," etc. may be interchangeable. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative, as expressions with "i-th" (i is an arbitrary integer) attached (for example, "highest" may be interchangeable with "i-th highest").

[0345] In this disclosure, the terms "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," "associated with," etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0346] In the present disclosure, terms such as "when A, B," "if A, (then) B," "B upon A," "B in response to A," "B based on A," "B during / while A," "B before A," "B at (the same time as) / on A," "B after A," "B since A," and "B until A" may be interchangeable. Note that A, B, and the like herein may be replaced with appropriate expressions such as nouns, gerunds, and regular sentences, depending on the context. Note that the time difference between A and B may be approximately zero (immediately after or immediately before). A time offset may also be applied to the time at which A occurs. For example, "A" may be interchangeable with "before / after a time offset at which A occurs." The time offset (eg, one or more symbols / slots) may be predefined or may be specified by the UE based on signaled information.

[0347] In the present disclosure, timing, time, duration, time instance, any time unit (e.g., slot, subslot, symbol, subframe), period, occasion, resource, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0348] Although the invention according to the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the invention according to the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure. The description of the present disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and does not impose any limiting meaning on the invention according to the present disclosure.

[0349] This application is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-194987, filed November 16, 2023, the contents of which are incorporated herein in their entirety.

Claims

1. A terminal having a transmitting unit that transmits information regarding an output size of Channel State Information (CSI) using an Artificial Intelligence (AI) / Machine Learning (ML) model; and a control unit that controls generation of the CSI.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, further comprising a receiving unit that receives specific information regarding the AI / ML model, and the control unit determines an output size of the CSI based on the specific information.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit determines CSI to be omitted and determines an output size of the CSI based on a priority order.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit groups the output indexes of the CSI, and determines whether to omit reporting of the CSI for each group based on a priority of each group.

5. A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising: a step of transmitting information regarding an output size of Channel State Information (CSI) using an Artificial Intelligence (AI) / Machine Learning (ML) model; and a step of controlling generation of the CSI.

6. A base station having a receiving unit that receives information regarding an output size of Channel State Information (CSI) using an Artificial Intelligence (AI) / Machine Learning (ML) model, and a control unit that controls the reception of the CSI.