CHANNEL ACCESS METHOD AND COMMUNICATION APPARATUS

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of wireless fidelity, and relates in particular to a channel access method and a communication device. The method herein comprises: a first access point sends a management frame to a first device, the management frame comprising first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate at least one first reserved resource that is allowed to be used competitively for a first service, and the at least one first reserved resource only comprising time-frequency resources reserved for the first service; then, the first device initiates channel access on the at least one first reserved resource and transmits the first service. Since the at least one first reserved resource is reserved exclusively for the first service, it is believed that another non-first service does not compete to use the at least one first reserved resource, which can increase the opportunities for the first service to access a channel. After each time the first device accesses a channel, the first service can be sent or the first service can be scheduled continuously in the at least one first reserved resource, thereby reducing the transmission delay of the first service.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This application provides a channel access method and communication apparatus to shorten channel access delay and meet a low-delay traffic requirement. According to the first aspect, one modality of this request provides a channel access method. The method can be carried out by a first communication device. The first communication device can be a communication device itself or a communication device that can support the communication device in implementing functions required for the method, for example, a system-on-a-chip. The following describes an example where the communication device is a first device. The first device can be an access point (AP) or a station-on-a-chip (STA). The method includes the following steps. The first device receives a handling frame from a first access point (AP). This handling frame includes the first indication information, which specifies that at least one first reserved resource is granted contention-based access to the first traffic. The first device then initiates channel access on this at least one first reserved resource and transmits the first traffic. In this request configuration, the at least one first reserved resource includes only the time-frequency resource reserved for the first traffic. This time-frequency resource is reserved by the first access point (AP) for the first traffic to access the channel on a contention-based basis. Because the at least one first reserved resource is specifically reserved for the first traffic, traffic other than the first traffic can be considered to not access the at least one first reserved resource on a contention-based basis. In other words, traffic other than the first traffic is silent on the at least one first reserved resource. Thus, traffic other than the first traffic does not compete with the first traffic for the at least one first reserved resource. Therefore, the chance of the first traffic accessing a channel can be increased.Furthermore, each time a channel is accessed, the first device can continue sending or scheduling the first traffic on at least one first reserved resource, thus shortening the transmission delay of the first traffic. In one possible implementation, the first reserved resource is some of the time-frequency resources between target beacon transmission times (TBTT). For example, the first reserved resource could be a time period of an entire channel, or it could be a time period of some resource units (RUs) of a channel. In one possible implementation, the AP is an AP within a multi-link device (MLD). The first AP operates on multiple links. The first indication information indicates a time-frequency resource on one of the multiple links, or the first indication information indicates some time-frequency resources on the first link of the multiple links. This solution can minimize the impact of resource reservation on channel usage for other traffic. In a possible implementation, the interval between two adjacent first reserved resources is determined based on a first traffic delay requirement, and the duration occupied by each first reserved resource is determined based on a first traffic volume. Because the plurality of first reserved resources is determined based on both a current delay requirement and a current first traffic volume, a plurality of first reserved resources can satisfy the first traffic delay requirement and also ensure proper first traffic transmission. In a possible implementation, the management frame includes the second indication information. The second indication information indicates at least one second reserved resource that allows contention-based access. This at least one second reserved resource includes only one time-frequency resource reserved for the second traffic type. This at least one second reserved resource does not overlap with the at least one first reserved resource. Because multiple types of low-delay traffic exist in a network, the access point (AP) can reserve resources for each traffic type to meet the delay requirement for each type of low-delay traffic. In one possible implementation, Tr satisfies Tr < tdetay^, where tdetay is the maximum allowable delay for the first traffic. In this solution, the interval between two adjacent first reserved resources is determined based on the maximum allowable delay for the first traffic. Even if the first traffic is aperiodic burst traffic, the first burst traffic delay requirement can be met when a small amount of resources is reserved for the first traffic. Because a large amount of reserved resources do not need to be reserved for the first traffic, resource waste can also be avoided. In one possible implementation, the method further includes: The first device receives an action frame from the first AP, where the action frame indicates a third reserved resource and instructs the first device to continue with the first traffic on the third reserved resource; the start time of the third reserved resource is later than the end time of the first reserved resource; the action frame is sent before the end time of the first reserved resource; and the transmission duration of the first traffic volume is longer than the duration occupied by the first reserved resource. Because the first traffic may encounter other interference on the first reserved resource, the first traffic cannot be transmitted within the duration occupied by the first reserved resource.In this solution, the first AP activates a temporarily reserved resource, specifically the third reserved resource, for the first traffic on the first reserved resource, so that the first traffic can continue to be transmitted on the third reserved resource, to ensure that the transmission of the first traffic can be completed. In a possible implementation, the first indication information further specifies that the first traffic is granted contention-based access to partial frequency domain resources on at least one first reserved resource, and / or the first indication information further specifies that the partial frequency domain resources on at least one first reserved resource are used to schedule or transmit the first traffic. Because the first AP occupies a wide channel, and the resources reserved for the first traffic are frequency domain resources of the channel, resource waste can occur. In this solution, it is stipulated that the first traffic and subsequent traffic can reuse a time domain resource of the reserved resource and separately use a frequency domain resource of the reserved resource.This can improve resource utilization and also enhance the traffic transmission efficiency of an entire system. For example, when the first downlink traffic is sent, the AP can simultaneously send other traffic in the same physical frame by using different RUs. In one possible implementation, the management frame is a beacon frame, an association response frame, a probe response frame, or an action frame. A specific implementation of the management frame is not limited to this version of the application and is flexible. In one possible implementation, the first indication information is carried in a first element field and / or silent element field included in the management frame. In this solution, the first indication information is carried in the silent element field and is applicable to a pre-802.11be terminal (which may also be referred to as a legacy terminal). The first indication information is carried in the first element field. The first element field may be a newly defined field and is applicable to an 802.11be terminal or a next-generation 802.11be terminal (which may be collectively referred to as a non-legacy terminal). The first indication information is carried in both the first element field and the silent element field and may be applicable to scenarios such as a pre-802.11be terminal. 802.11 be and an 802.11 be terminal. In one possible implementation, there are N silent element fields, and the N silent element fields correspond one by one to N first reserved resources. In this solution, a corresponding silent interval is established for the first N reserved resources, reserved for the first traffic using the silent element field. This ensures that the legacy terminal is silent on the resource reserved for the first traffic, avoids interference from the legacy terminal to the non-legacy terminal, and guarantees a low delay requirement for the transmission of the first traffic by the non-legacy terminal. In one possible implementation, the management frame includes a resource reservation element field and a silent element field. If the first device is a legacy terminal, it performs silencing based on a silent interval specified by the silent element field. If the first device is a non-legacy terminal, it establishes at least one first reserved resource based on a silent interval specified by the silent element field. The legacy terminal cannot identify the resource reservation element field. In this solution, the first indication information is carried in both the resource reservation element field and the silent element field. Therefore, the silent element field can be set so that the legacy terminal remains silent on the resource reserved for traffic from the non-legacy terminal.In other words, a resource is reserved for non-legacy terminal traffic by using a signal, and the legacy terminal is silent on the reserved resource. In one possible implementation, the first device is a second AP located in the same AP coordination group as the first AP. The first traffic includes the traffic between the first AP and the second AP. In this case, the time at which the first device sends a management frame is Tb + mx Tr, where Tb is the time at which the first AP sends the management frame, and m is an integer greater than or equal to 0; and / or a resource reservation period for a cell served by the first device is set to Tr. This solution can be applied to communication between APs. Any AP in the coordination group can be configured, based on the management frame sent by the first AP (a primary AP), specifically, based on a resource reserved by the first AP for the first traffic—a resource that can be reserved by the AP.In this way, the reserved resources of the APs in the coordination group can be aligned, and the APs know a resource location to fall back to. This prevents mutual interference between the APs and reduces traffic transmission delay between them. In one possible implementation, the method additionally includes: The first device sends an initial request message to the first access point (AP), where this request message is used to ask the first AP to reserve a resource for the first traffic from the first device. This solution can avoid the resource waste caused by reserving a fixed resource for the first traffic. In a possible implementation, when the first device determines that the network state for transmitting the first traffic meets a predefined trigger condition, the first device sends the first request message to the first access point (AP). The predefined trigger condition is that the transmission delays of a plurality of data packets have exceeded a predefined threshold. This solution provides a probability for the first device to request a reserved resource, specifically, an opportunity for the first device to request a reserved resource only when the network state is poor. This prevents unnecessary requests for a reserved resource. For example, the plurality of data packets is L consecutive data packets. In this solution, the network state is determined based on the transmission delays of the L consecutive data packets. If the transmission delays of the L consecutive data packets exceed the delay threshold, it indicates that the transmission delay of each of the L data packets exceeds the delay requirement, and the network state can be considered poor. For example, the plurality of data packets is L consecutive data packets out of P data packets. In this solution, the network state is determined based on the transmission delays of the L consecutive data packets out of the P data packets. If the transmission delays of the L consecutive data packets out of the P data packets exceed the delay threshold, it indicates that the transmission delays of some data packets out of the P data packets exceed the delay threshold, and if the transmission delays of some data packets do not exceed the delay threshold, the network state can be considered unstable. In general, the network state is poor. For example, exceeding the preset threshold also includes reaching K times the preset threshold. In this solution, the network status is determined based on the data transmission delay within a time-frequency resource. For example, assume that the STA needs to send 10 data packets. After consecutively sending three data packets within the same time-frequency resource, due to the delay, the STA does not have the opportunity to send the remaining data packets. In this case, the network status can also be considered poor. Therefore, in this application, the data packet transmission delay exceeding the delay threshold can also be considered to reach K times the delay threshold. According to a second aspect, one modality of this request provides a channel access method. This method can be implemented by a second communication device. The second communication device can be a communication device itself or a communication device that supports the communication device in implementing the functions required for the method, for example, a system-on-a-chip. The following describes an example where the communication device is a first access point (AP). The method includes the following steps. The first AP generates a management frame, and sends the management frame to a first device, where the management frame includes the first indication information, the first indication information indicates at least one first reserved resource that the first traffic is allowed access on a contention basis and the at least one first reserved resource includes only one time-frequency resource reserved for the first traffic. In a possible implementation, the reserved time-frequency resource is some of the time-frequency resources between TBTTs. For example, the first reserved resource could be a time period of an entire channel, or it could be a time period of some RUs of a channel. In one possible implementation, the first AP is an AP in a multi-link MLD AP device. The first AP operates on a plurality of links. The first indication information indicates a time-frequency resource of one of the plurality of links, or the first indication information indicates some time-frequency resources of a first link of the plurality of links. In a possible implementation, a Trentre interval between two adjacent first reserved resources is determined based on the delay requirement of the first traffic, and the duration occupied by each first reserved resource is determined based on a traffic volume of the first traffic. In a possible implementation, Tr complies with Tr< tdeiay / 2, where tdeiay is a maximum delay allowed by the first traffic. In a possible implementation, the method additionally includes: The first AP sends an action frame to the first device, where the action frame indicates a third reserved resource and indicates that the first device continues with the first traffic in the third reserved resource, a start time of the third reserved resource is later than a completion time of a first reserved resource in the at least one first reserved resource, the action frame is sent before the completion time of the first reserved resource and the transmission duration of the traffic volume of the first traffic is greater than the duration occupied by the first reserved resource. In a possible implementation, the first indication information further indicates that the first traffic is allowed contention-based access to partial frequency domain resources in at least one first reserved resource and / or the first indication information further indicates that the partial frequency domain resources in at least one first reserved resource are used to schedule or transmit the first traffic. In a possible implementation, the management frame is a beacon frame, an association response frame, a probe response frame, or an action frame. In a possible implementation, the first indication information is carried in a first element field and / or a silent element field included in the management frame. In a possible implementation, there are N silent element fields, and the N silent element fields one by one correspond to the first N reserved resources. In one possible implementation, the management frame includes a resource reservation field and a silent element field. If the first device is a legacy terminal, it performs silencing based on a silent interval specified by the silent element field. If the first device is a non-legacy terminal, it establishes at least one first reserved resource based on a silent interval specified by the silent element field. In a possible implementation, the first device is a second AP located in the same AP coordination group as the first AP. The first traffic includes the traffic between the first AP and the second AP. If the second AP is a primary AP, the time at which the first AP sends the management frame is Tb + mx Tr, where Tb is a send time at which the primary AP sends the management frame, and m is an integer greater than or equal to 0; and / or a resource reservation period for a cell served by the first device is set to Tr. For the technical effects carried out by the second aspect or the possible implementations of the second aspect, refer to the descriptions of the technical effects of the first aspect or the possible implementations of the first aspect. According to a third aspect, a communication apparatus is provided. For example, the communication apparatus is the first device mentioned above or an apparatus placed within the first device. The communication apparatus can be configured to carry out the method according to any of the first aspect or its possible implementations. Specifically, the communication apparatus may include modules configured to carry out the method according to any of the first aspect or its possible implementations; for example, it may include a processing module and a transceiver module coupled together. For example, the communication apparatus is the first device mentioned above. The transceiver module is configured to receive a management frame from a first AP, where the management frame includes the first indication information, the first indication information indicates at least one first reserved resource that the first traffic is allowed access to on a contention basis, and the at least one first reserved resource includes only one time-frequency resource reserved for the first traffic. The transceiver module is further configured to initiate channel access on at least one first reserved resource determined by the processing module and transmits the first traffic. In a possible implementation, the first reserved at least one resource is some of the time-frequency resources between TBTTs. For example, the first reserved at least one resource could be a channel of full bandwidth or some RUs of a channel. In one possible implementation, the AP is an AP within an MLD AP. The first AP operates on a plurality of links. The first indication information indicates a time-frequency resource of one of the plurality of links, or the first indication information indicates some time-frequency resources of a first link within the plurality of links. In a possible implementation, a Trentre interval between two adjacent first reserved resources is determined based on a first traffic delay requirement, and the duration occupied by each first reserved resource is determined based on a first traffic volume. In a possible implementation, the management frame includes the second indication information. The second indication information indicates at least one second reserved resource that the second traffic is allowed access to on a contention basis. The at least one second reserved resource includes only one time-frequency resource reserved for the second traffic. The at least one second reserved resource does not overlap the at least one first reserved resource. In a possible implementation, Tr complies with Tr< tdeiay / 2, where tdeiay is a maximum delay allowed by the first traffic. In a possible implementation, the transceiver module is additionally configured to receive an action frame from the first AP, where the action frame indicates a third reserved resource and indicates that the first device continues the first traffic in the third reserved resource, a start movement of the third reserved resource is after the completion time of a first reserved resource in the at least one first reserved resource, the action frame is sent before the completion time of the first reserved resource, and the transmission duration of the first traffic volume is greater than the duration occupied by the first reserved resource. In a possible implementation, the first indication information further indicates that the first traffic is allowed contention-based access to partial frequency domain resources in at least one first reserved resource, and / or the first indication information further indicates that the partial frequency domain resources in at least one first reserved resource are used to schedule or transmit the first traffic. In a possible implementation, the management frame is a beacon frame, an association response frame, a probe response frame, or an action frame. In a possible implementation, the first indication information is carried in a first element field and / or a silent element field included in the management frame. In a possible implementation, there are N silent element fields, and the N silent element fields correspond one-to-one to the first N reserved resources. In one possible implementation, the management frame includes a resource reservation element field and a silent element field. If the communication device is a legacy terminal, the processing module is configured to perform silencing based on a silent interval specified by the silent element field. If the communication device is a non-legacy terminal, the processing module is configured to reserve at least one resource based on a silent interval specified by the silent element field. In a possible implementation, the communication device is a second AP located in the same AP coordination group as the first AP. The first traffic includes the traffic between the first AP and the second AP. The processing module is further configured to determine that a time when the communication device sends a management frame is Tb + mx Tr, where Tb is a time when the first AP sends the management frame, and m is an integer greater than or equal to 0; and / or the processing module is further configured to determine that a resource reservation period for a cell served by the communication device is established at Tr. In a possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to send, by the first device, a first request message to the first AP, where the first request message is used to request the first AP to reserve a first course for the first traffic from the communication device. In a possible implementation, when the processing module determines that a network state to transmit the first traffic meets a pre-set activation condition, the transceiver module sends the first request message to the first AP, where the pre-set activation condition is that the sending delays of a plurality of data packets exceeded a pre-set threshold. For example, the plurality of data packets is L consecutive data packets. For example, the plurality of data packets is L consecutive data packets in the P data packets. For example, exceeding the preset threshold additionally includes reaching K times the preset threshold. For the technical effects carried out by the third aspect, the possible implementations of the third aspect, refer to the descriptions of the technical effects of the first aspect or the possible implementations of the first aspect. According to a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided. For example, the communication device is the first AP mentioned above or a device installed on the first AP. The communication device can be configured to carry out the method according to any of the second aspect or its possible implementations. Specifically, the communication device may include modules configured to carry out the method according to any of the second aspect or its possible implementations; for example, it may include a processing module and a transceiver module coupled together. For example, the communication device is the first device mentioned above. The processing module is configured to generate a management frame. The transceiver module is configured to send the management frame to a first device. The management frame includes the first indication information. The first indication information indicates at least one first reserved resource that the first traffic is permitted to access on a contention-based basis. The at least one first reserved resource includes only one time-frequency resource reserved for the first traffic. In a possible implementation, the reserved time-frequency resource is one of the time-frequency resources in TBTT. For example, the first reserved resource could be a time period of an entire channel, or it could be a time period of some resource units (RUs) of a channel. In one possible implementation, the first AP is an AP in a multi-link MLD AP device. The first AP operates on a plurality of links. The first indication information indicates a time-frequency resource of one of the plurality of links, or the first indication information indicates some time-frequency resources of a first link of the plurality of links. In a possible implementation, an interval L between two adjacent first reserved resources is determined based on a first traffic delay requirement, and the duration occupied by each first reserved resource is determined based on a first traffic volume. In a possible implementation, Tr complies with Tr< tdeiay / 2, where tdeiay is a maximum delay allowed by the first traffic. In a possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to send an action frame to the first device, where the action frame indicates a third reserved resource and indicates that the first device continues the first traffic in the third reserved resource, a start time of the third reserved resource is later than a completion time of a first reserved resource in the at least one first reserved resource, the action frame is sent before the completion time of the first reserved resource, and the transmission duration of the traffic volume of the first traffic is greater than the duration occupied by the first reserved resource. In a possible implementation, the first indication information further indicates that the first traffic is allowed contention-based access to partial frequency domain resources in at least one first reserved resource, and / or the first indication information further indicates that the partial frequency domain resources in at least one first reserved resource are used to schedule or transmit the first traffic. In a possible implementation, the management frame is a beacon frame, an association response frame, a probe response frame, or an action frame. In a possible implementation, the first indication information is carried in a first element field and / or a silent element field included in the management frame. In a possible implementation, there are N silent element fields, and the N silent element fields correspond one-to-one to the first N reserved resources. In one possible implementation, the management frame includes a resource reservation element field and a silent element field. If the first device is a legacy terminal, the processing module is configured to perform silencing based on a silent interval specified by the silent element field. If the first device is a non-legacy terminal, the processing module is configured to reserve at least one resource based on a silent interval specified by the silent element field. In a possible implementation, the communication device is the first AP located in an AP coordination group. The first traffic includes traffic between the communication device and a second AP. If the second AP is a primary AP, the processing module is further configured to determine that a time when the communication device sends the management frame is TB+ mx Tr, where TB is a time when the second AP sends a management frame, and m is an integer greater than or equal to 0; and / or the processing module is further configured to determine that a resource reservation period for a cell served by the communication device is established at Tr. For technical effects achieved by the fourth aspect or possible implementations of the fourth aspect, refer to the descriptions of the technical effects of the second aspect or possible implementations of the second aspect. According to a fifth aspect, one modality of this application provides a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus may be the communication apparatus described in the third or fourth aspect modalities, or a chip embedded in the communication apparatus described in the third or fourth aspect. The communication apparatus includes a communication interface and a processor, and optionally, additionally includes memory. The memory is configured to store a computer program, instructions, or data. The processor is coupled to the memory and the communication interface. When the processor reads the computer program, instructions, or data, the communication apparatus is enabled to carry out the method for carrying out the first device or the first AP in the modality of the method described in the first or second aspect. It should be understood that the communication interface can be implemented using an antenna, a power supply, a codec, and similar components in the communication device. Alternatively, if the communication device is a chip installed in the first access point (AP), the communication interface can be an input / output interface of the chip, such as an input / output pin. The communication device may also include a transceiver, configured to carry out communication between the communication device and another device. For example, when the communication device is the first device, the other device is the first AP; or when the communication device is the first AP, the other device is the first device. According to a sixth aspect, one embodiment of this application provides a chipset. The chipset includes a processor, may additionally include memory, and is configured to implement the method carried out by the communication apparatus in the third or fourth aspect. In one possible implementation, the chipset further includes memory configured to store program instructions and / or data. The chipset may include a single chip, or it may include a chip and another discrete component. According to a seventh aspect, one modality of this application provides a communication system. The communication system includes the communication apparatus in the third aspect and the communication apparatus in the fourth aspect. According to an eighth aspect, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed, the method carried out by the first device in the preceding aspects is implemented, or the method carried out by the first AP in the preceding aspects is implemented. According to a ninth aspect, a computer program product is provided. The computer program product includes computer program code. When the computer program code is executed, the method carried out by the first device in the preceding aspects is carried out, or the method carried out by the first AP in the preceding aspects is carried out. For beneficial effects of the fifth to ninth aspect and the implementations of the fifth to ninth aspect, refer to the descriptions of the beneficial effects of the method in the first or second aspect and the implementations of the first or second aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIGURE 1 is a diagram of a WLAN network architecture to which one modality of this request is applicable. FIGURE 2 is a diagram of a network architecture applicable to a multi-link communication AP. FIGURE 3 is a schematic diagram of a relationship between a WLAN contention window in a CSMA / CA mechanism and retransmissions. FIGURE 4 is a schematic diagram of P2P communication based on a silent time period protection according to one modality of this request. FIGURE 5 is a schematic diagram for separately assigning channels to different users according to a modality of this request. FIGURE 6 is a schematic flowchart of a channel access method according to one modality of this request. FIGURE 7 is a schematic diagram of a resource reserved for a type of traffic according to a modality of this request. FIGURE 8 is a schematic diagram of resources reserved for two types of traffic according to one modality of this request. FIGURE 9 is a schematic diagram of an interval between two adjacent reserved resources reserved for traffic according to a modality of this request. FIGURE 10 is a schematic diagram of an interval for activating a resource temporarily reserved for traffic according to a modality of this request. FIGURE 11 is a schematic diagram of a resource reservation item format according to one modality of this request. FIGURE 12 is a schematic diagram of a format for a periodic resource reservation element according to a modality of this request. FIGURE 13 is a schematic diagram of a format for a short-term resource reserve item according to one modality of this request. FIGURE 14 is a schematic diagram of a format for a temporary resource reservation configuration field according to a modality of this request. FIGURE 15 is a schematic diagram of a resource reservation release field format according to one modality of this request. FIGURE 16 is a diagram of a network architecture of an AP coordination group according to one modality of this request. FIGURE 17 is a diagram of a network architecture of another AP coordination group according to one modality of this request. FIGURE 18 is a schematic diagram of the communication of an AP coordination group based on the protection of silent time period according to a modality of this request. FIGURE 19 is a diagram of a communication network architecture between an AP and a STA according to one modality of this request. FIGURE 20 is a flowchart for activating, by an STA, the reservation of resources for low delay uplink traffic according to a modality of this request. FIGURE 21 is a flowchart for activating, by an AP, the reservation of resources for low-delay downlink traffic according to a modality of this request. FIGURE 22 is a schematic diagram of a silent element structure existing in the existing 802.11 standard. FIGURES 23A and 23B are a schematic diagram for implementing resource reservation by using a silent element field and a resource reservation element field according to one modality of this request. FIGURE 24 is a schematic diagram of a format for a temporary resource reservation configuration element according to a modality of this request. FIGURE 25 is a schematic diagram of a communication apparatus structure according to one modality of this request. FIGURE 26 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a communication apparatus according to one modality of this request. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the modalities of this application clearer, the following further describes the modalities of this application in detail with reference to the attached figures. The provisions of this application may apply to a wireless local area network (WLAN) scenario and may be applicable to an IEEE 802.11 system standard, such as 802.11a / b / g, 802.11n, 802.11ac, or 802.11ax, or a next-generation standard, such as 802.11be or a future next-generation standard. Alternatively, the provisions of this application may apply to a wireless local area network system, such as an Internet of Things (IoT) or a Vehicle-to-X (V2X) network.Certainly, the modalities of this application can be further applied to another possible communication system, for example, a long term evolution (LTE) system, a frequency division duplex (FDD) LTE system, a time division duplex (TDD) LTE system, a universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), a worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system, and a future 5G communication system. For example, Figure 1 is a diagram of a WLAN network architecture to which one modality of this application is applicable. In Figure 1, for example, the WLAN includes two wireless access points (APs) (respectively, AP 1 and AP 2). AP 1 and AP 2 can each be associated with one or more stations (STAs). As shown in Figure 1, for example, AP 1 and AP 2 are each associated with two STAs. For example, the STAs associated with AP 1 include STA 1 and STA 2, and the STAs associated with AP 2 include STA 3 and STA 4. Any AP can schedule a radio resource for an associated and / or non-associated STA and transmit data for the STA on the scheduled radio resource.For example, AP 1 can schedule a radio resource for STA 1 and STA 2 and transmit data, including uplink and / or downlink data information, to STA 1 and STA 2 on the scheduled radio resource. AP 2 can schedule the radio resource for STA 3 and STA 4 and transmit data, including uplink and / or downlink data information, to STA 3 and STA 4 on the scheduled radio resource. Furthermore, this modality of this request may be applicable to communication between APs. For example, APs may communicate with each other via a data link. This modality of this request is also applicable to communication between STAs.Furthermore, the AP and STA in this specification may be wireless communication devices that support concurrent transmission over multiple links. For example, they are referred to as multilink devices (MLDs) or multiband devices (MBDs) and have higher transmission efficiency and throughput. In this specification, an AP that supports communication over multiple links may be referred to as an MLD AP, and an STA that supports communication over multiple links, particularly a multilink STA, may be referred to as a non-access point station (non-AP STA). It should be understood that the number of APs and STAs shown in Figure 1 are merely examples and may be higher or lower. Figure 2 is a diagram of a multi-link communication network architecture according to one modality of this application. In a wireless local area network, a multi-link device communicates with another device over multiple links. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of communication between a multi-link AP device 101 and a multi-link STA device 102. The multi-link AP device 101 includes an affiliated AP 101-1 and an affiliated AP 101-2. The multi-link STA device 102 includes an affiliated STA 1021 and an affiliated STA 102-2. The multi-link AP device 101 and the multi-link STA device 102 communicate concurrently over link 1 and link 2. The multilink device in the configurations of this application may be a single-antenna device or a multi-antenna device. For example, the multilink device may have more than two antennas. The number of antennas included in the multilink device is not limited in this configuration of the application. In this configuration, the multilink device may allow traffic of a certain type of access to be transmitted over different links, or it may allow data packets to be transmitted over different links. Alternatively, the multilink device may not only allow traffic of a certain type of access to be transmitted over different links, but it may also allow traffic of different types of access to be transmitted over different links. The multilink device may operate in the following frequency bands: sub-1 GHz, 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, 6 GHz, and high frequency 60 GHz. The STA in this application may be a user terminal, user apparatus, access apparatus, subscriber station, subscriber unit, mobile station, user agent, user device, or other device having a wireless communication function. The user terminal may be a device with a wireless communication function, such as a handheld device, vehicle-mounted device, portable device, computer device, or other processing device connected to a wireless modem.The user terminal may alternatively be user equipment (UE), a mobile station (MS), a terminal, terminal equipment, a handheld communication device, a handheld device, a portable computing device, a training device, a gaming system device, a global positioning system device, or any other suitable device in various forms configured to carry out network communication via wireless means. For example, the STA may be a router, a switch, a bridge, or similar. At this point, for ease of description, the devices mentioned above are collectively referred to as a station or an STA. The AP in this application is a device deployed in a wireless communication network that provides wireless communication functionality to a STA associated with the AP. The AP can be used as a communication system hub and can be a communication device such as a base station, router, gateway, repeater, communication server, switch, or bridge. The base station may include various types of macrobase stations, microbase stations, relay stations, and the like. For ease of description, the devices mentioned above are collectively referred to as an AP. A WLAN operates in an unlicensed frequency band. In other words, any device that meets the radio specifications can send or receive data in this frequency band. However, there are multiple devices in the WLAN. If multiple devices use the same channel to send data at the same time, a collision will obviously occur, and multiple devices will be unable to transmit data. To reduce collisions between devices in the WLAN, it is stipulated that all devices in the WLAN can communicate using a carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA / CA) mechanism.Specifically, before data transmission, all devices on the WLAN can actively initiate a channel access procedure and then monitor the channel's status using the CSMA / CA mechanism to determine if the channel is idle. A channel is used to send data only when it is idle. If the channel is not idle, it indicates that the channel is being used by another device and is not being used for data transmission. Specifically, when a device on the WLAN detects that a channel is idle, the device does not immediately send data but begins sending data after a period of time. For example, after a channel idle time exceeds one distributed inter-frame space (DIFS), the device may randomly select a value (which can be briefly referred to as a random number) from a contention window (CW), specifically [0, CW]. The random number is decremented by 1 at intervals of one slot time from the channel idle time. When the random number decrements to 0, the device begins sending data. Possible CW values ​​include 31, 63, 127, 255, 511, and 1023.The corresponding rewind times are respectively 279 microseconds, 567 microseconds, 1143 microseconds, 2295 microseconds, 4599 microseconds, and 9207 microseconds. However, when there are a large number of users on the WLAN, multiple users can simultaneously initiate a channel access procedure based on CSMA / CA, and a collision can still occur. For example, if multiple users simultaneously detect that a channel is idle, and all of them select the same random number from the contention window, they all choose to send data at the same time. Clearly, a collision results in a data transmission failure. In this case, if one of the multiple users determines a data transmission failure, it can be considered that the user is impacting another user, and the user can choose to increase a maximum value in the CW (Contention Window), thus reducing the probability of a collision during the next channel access. For example, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between a WLAN contention window in a CSMA / CA mechanism and retransmissions.For example, when there is no retransmission, particularly before the user begins sending data, a randomly selected CW number might be 31. When the user fails to send data on the first attempt, they can increase the maximum CW value. In other words, they can widen the CW. For example, the maximum CW value could be increased to 63. In this case, the range of the user's randomly selected CW number is larger, and the probability of a collision during the next channel access can be reduced. It should be understood that if a data transmission failure still occurs after the user widens the contention window, particularly if a transmission is required, the user can continue widening the CW, for example, increasing the maximum CW value to 127. By analogy, if the user fails five or more retransmissions, the maximum CW value could be increased to 1023. It should be understood that when there are more users on a WLAN, the probability of a collision is higher. Correspondingly, we can learn from Figure 3 that a larger average CW indicates a longer time for a user to access a channel. Specifically, in an office or home environment, there is usually more than one WLAN, and there is contention between the intra-frequency WLANs. This results in a longer channel access delay for a user. When each user on the WLAN is competing for a channel, a user randomly selects a CW value, and the user can further adjust the CW interval. Therefore, the delay for each user to access a channel to send data is random. In other words, the delay is not predetermined.In other words, the channel access delays of data packets sent by each user on the WLAN via a WLAN air interface exhibit a long-tail distribution. Generally, the access delays for most data packets are less than the average delay, while the access delays for some data packets are very long. For traffic requiring low delay, the data packet delay cannot keep up with traffic that has a higher delay requirement. This results in unstable traffic and a poor user experience. To provide better quality of service (QoS) assurance for traffic (which may be referred to as high-priority traffic in this application) that has a higher delay requirement, IEEE 802.11 introduces an EDCA contention queue. The EDCA reduces the maximum possible value of the CW (Contention Wavelength). For example, the maximum CW value might be 7 or 15. In other words, the EDCA narrows the range between a minimum and a maximum CW value. This can increase the likelihood of high-priority traffic competing for a channel and shorten the delay of high-priority traffic. For example, the CW value range for a higher-priority voice queue might be defined as [7, 15]. The CW value range for a second, higher-priority video queue might be defined as [15, 31].Although EDCA can increase the probability of high-priority traffic gaining channel access and reduce high-priority traffic delay, contention and collisions among high-priority traffic still occur. Furthermore, the decrease in CW leads to more frequent collisions of high-priority traffic. Specifically, with the emergence of more and more types of high-priority traffic, for example, in the IEEE 802.11 Realtime Application (RTA) interest group, multiple low-delay scenarios are defined, such as real-time online gaming, real-time video, industrial wireless, and unmanned aerial vehicle control. The delay requirement range for these traffic types is from 1 ms to 100 ms, which is far beyond the 300 ms delay requirement for the highest-priority voice traffic in the EDCA mechanism. Despite this, the EDCA mechanism is still in use, and collisions among high-priority traffic are more severe. Therefore, a method for reducing collisions at a single-transmission granularity is proposed in 802.11ax. For example, a method is proposed for reducing point-to-point communication collisions. Point-to-point communication herein refers to communication between a plurality of terminals without an access point (AP) or central control node, i.e., point-to-point (P2P) communication, and also includes ad hoc communication. Compared to P2P communication, a network that includes an AP or central control node may be referred to as an AP-STA (communication) network in this specification. When both the AP-STA and P2P networks exist, some terminals are on both networks and are referred to as P2P terminals. The other terminals are on the AP-STA network and are referred to as non-P2P terminals.When a P2P terminal notifies a non-P2P terminal on the AP-STA network that P2P communication may occur in the future, the non-P2P terminal can choose to revert to a channel used for point-to-point transmission. This can reduce the channel access delay for the P2P terminal in the point-to-point communication. The following describes an example of point-to-point (P2P) communication. Regardless of whether the network is P2P or AP-STA, the terminal is a terminal (which can be briefly referred to as an HE terminal, particularly a Wi-Fi 6 device or an 802.11be terminal) in the 802.11ax standard. Similarly, an AP in the 802.11ax standard can also be referred to as an HE AP. In contrast, a terminal predating the 802.11ax standard can be referred to as a legacy terminal. Because non-P2P terminals cannot understand P2P scheduling information, interference can occur between two different systems (particularly between peer-to-peer networks and AP-STA networks). 802.11ax stipulates that before initiating P2P communication, a terminal can send a quiet time period (QTP) request to an HE AP. After receiving the request, the HE AP can send a quiet time period setup frame to all other terminals. An HE terminal that receives this frame can choose to backtrack to a subsequent time period to avoid a collision in the P2P communication. For ease of understanding, FIGURE 4 is a schematic diagram of P2P communication based on silent period protection according to one modality of this application. For example, FIGURE 4 shows four STAs: STA 1, STA 2, STA 3, and STA 4. STA 1, STA 2, and STA 3 are HE terminals. STA 1 and STA 3 are located in a P2P network, STA 2 is not located in the P2P network, and STA 4 is a legacy terminal. Figure 4 shows that before initiating P2P communication, STA 1 sends a quiet time request to an AP. After receiving the quiet time request, the AP sends a quiet time reply message, specifically a QTP reply, to STA 1. Additionally, the AP sends a quiet time setup frame (QTP setup) to all terminals (STA 1 through STA 4). Because STA 1 requests to establish P2P communication with STA 3, STA 1 receives the QTP reply and the QTP setup frame, and can then send a P2P frame to STA 3. After receiving the P2P frame, STA 3 can send a block acknowledgment (BA) frame to STA 1 during a quiet time. STA 2 receives the QTP configuration frame and learns that P2P traffic exists on the QTP. STA 2 can choose to back out of the QTP and release a channel. Alternatively, STA 2 can choose to continue using the channel. In other words, STA 2 decides whether to continue using the channel, and the AP does not force STA 2 to release the channel on the QTP. For example, if the traffic to be transmitted by STA 2 has a low delay requirement, STA 2 can choose to be silent on the QTP and actively release the channel. This can prevent increased power consumption by STA 2 caused by retransmitting traffic due to a collision. However, if STA 2 actively backs out, it experiences a long channel access delay. Therefore, in most cases, STA 2 does not choose to actively back out. In this way, STA 2 can still compete for the channel with STA 1 or STA 3, and still cause a collision in P2P communication. STA 4 receives the QTP configuration frame. Because STA 4 is a legacy terminal, it may not recognize the QTP configuration frame. Therefore, STA 4 continues to access the channel even while in QTP, likely causing a collision in the P2P communication. Furthermore, in the method shown in Figure 4, the terminal can send a QTP request only after accessing a channel based on a CSMA mechanism, and the terminal needs to send a QTP request, specifically a temporary QTP request, each time it initiates P2P communication. Therefore, if the network quality is poor, there is still a delay when the QTP request is sent. For P2P traffic, a delay cannot yet be determined. Therefore, a technical solution is proposed in which a channel is divided into segments of varying granularity based on user priorities, and some segments are assigned to specific users based on those priorities. As shown in Figure 5, a channel can be divided into 12 segments, with the different shaded segments assigned to different users. This method can distinguish user priorities, so some users have more opportunities to access a channel than others. For example, for a segment assigned to a specific user, only that user is allowed access, while for a segment not assigned to a user, all users can access it. In this way, it can be ensured that a high-priority user has more opportunities to access a channel, and the transmission delay for that user is reduced. However, this requires synchronization between users so that a user can learn which slot to start the backoff in. However, WLAN is an asynchronous network, and maintaining segment synchronization between devices is difficult. Furthermore, this method allocates segments based on user priorities. This is unfair to traffic. For example, a user might have both high-priority and low-priority traffic. If the user is assigned a high priority, their low-priority traffic has a better chance of being prioritized than other users' high-priority traffic. This is unfair to other users' high-priority traffic. In light of this, one version of this request provides a channel access method. In this method, an access point (AP) can reserve a time-frequency resource for contention and use, for traffic (e.g., the first traffic). In other words, only the first traffic is granted contention-based access to the time-frequency resource, and all other traffic is silent on that resource. Because only the first traffic is granted contention-based access to the reserved time-frequency resource, the chance of the first traffic accessing a channel is increased, and the transmission delay of the first traffic is reduced. With reference to the attached figures, the following describes the technical solutions provided in the modalities of this request. Figure 6 is a schematic flowchart of a channel access method according to one modality of this application. The following describes an example where the method provided in this modality of this application is applied to the application scenario shown in Figure 1. For example, the method provided in this modality of this application may be applicable to communication between access points (APs), or it may be applicable to communication between an AP and a station (STA). Certainly, this modality of this application may also be applicable to other possible communication scenarios or communication systems. Traffic transmission delay can be reduced by using the method provided in this modality of this application in all scenarios with a high traffic delay requirement. Furthermore, the method can be implemented by two communication devices.The two communication devices are, for example, a first access point (referred to as AP 1 below) and a first device. It should be understood that if this application mode applies to communication between APs, the first device is an AP; for example, it could be a second AP (referred to as AP 2 below). If this application mode applies to communication between an AP and an STA, the first device is an STA. Specifically, it describes how a channel access method procedure follows in accordance with this modality of this request. S601: The first AP sends a management frame to the first device, and the first device receives the management frame, where the management frame includes the first indication information, the first indication information indicates at least one first reserved resource that the first traffic is allowed access based on contention, and the at least one first reserved resource includes only one resource reserved for the first traffic. S602: The first device initiates access to the channel on at least one first reserved resource, and transmits the first traffic. This feature of this application aims to reduce transmission delays for traffic with high delay requirements. In this specification, traffic with high delay requirements is collectively referred to as "first traffic." In other words, "first traffic" in this specification is a type of traffic, and this type of traffic has a high transmission delay requirement. For example, first traffic could be online gaming traffic, real-time video traffic, industrial wireless traffic, or unmanned aerial vehicle control traffic. In this request scenario, the first access point (AP) can reserve a time-frequency resource for contention and use for the first traffic, for example, N first reserved resources, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1. Because N first reserved resources are reserved for the first traffic, they can be considered to include only the resource reserved for the first traffic. In this case, traffic other than the first traffic does not have contention-based access to the first N first reserved resources. In other words, traffic other than the first traffic is silent on the first N first reserved resources. Traffic other than the first traffic does not contend with the first traffic for the first N first reserved resources. Therefore, the chance of the first traffic accessing a channel can be increased.Additionally, each time a channel is subsequently accessed, the first device can continue sending or scheduling the first traffic using the first N reserved resources, thus further reducing the transmission delay of the first traffic. Furthermore, even when network congestion occurs, because the first N reserved resources are reserved for the first traffic—specifically, because the first traffic can use the first N reserved resources before other traffic—a low-delay traffic requirement can still be met. Moreover, in this request mode, a resource is reserved for the first traffic (specifically, the chosen traffic). In other words, a resource is reserved at a specific traffic granularity.Compared to a case of reserving a resource at a user granularity, this case may prevent common traffic from getting improved priority because the user has both common and specific traffic. In a current WLAN protocol, the access point (AP) cannot distinguish between low-latency traffic and regular traffic. Therefore, the first AP has not learned that the first traffic to be transmitted by the first device is low-latency traffic, which is different from regular traffic, or that the delay priority of the first traffic is higher than that of the other traffic. Therefore, to ensure fairness for different traffic types, the first AP does not actively reserve a resource for the first traffic. When the first device needs to transmit the first traffic, it can request the AP to reserve the first N resources allocated for that traffic. For example, the first device can send a first request message to the first AP, requesting that the first AP reserve a resource for the first traffic. The first device can alternatively notify the first access point (AP) that the first traffic is low-latency traffic, specifically traffic for which a resource needs to be monitored. In this way, when the first AP determines that the traffic to be transmitted by the first device is the first traffic, it can actively reserve the first N resources reserved for that first traffic. Alternatively, the first AP can determine that a resource needs to be reserved for the first traffic and actively reserve the first N resources reserved for that first traffic. In one example, one or more low-delay traffic queues can be newly defined, and low delay traffic in the low-delay queue has a higher channel access priority. For example, one or more low-delay traffic queues can be newly defined in addition to the four existing EDCA contention queues. The first device can notify the first AP of the low-delay traffic queue, or a protocol can predefine the low-delay traffic queue. If the first AP determines that the traffic to be transmitted by the first device is the first traffic, and the first traffic is in the low-delay traffic queue, the first AP considers that a resource needs to be reserved for the first traffic, and the first AP can also actively reserve the first N resources reserved for the first traffic. In another example, the first device can send a traffic identifier to the first access point (AP) to notify the first AP that the traffic to be transmitted is low-latency traffic. For example, the traffic identifier could be a traffic stream identifier (TSID). Therefore, when reserving a resource for the first traffic, the first AP can indicate, by using a specified TSID, that the reserved resource belongs to the first traffic; in other words, only traffic matching that TSID is allowed access to a channel. In some configurations, the first N reserved resources may be time-frequency resources between the TBTTs. It should be noted that the TBTT here can be considered a time interval in which the first AP continuously sends a management frame twice. For example, the TBTT may be a time interval in which two Beacon frames are sent consecutively, or it may be a time interval in which two Association Response frames, two Probe Response frames, or similar frames are sent consecutively. The first N reserved resources may be aperiodic resources, or they may be periodic resources, as shown in Figure 7. This is not limited in this configuration. The following uses an example in which the first N reserved resources are periodic resources. In one example, the first N reserved resources could be a reserved channel within a plurality of channels between the TBTTs, or some reserved RUs within a channel. In another example, if the first AP has a dual-link function, particularly if the first AP is an AP within an MLD AP, and the first AP operates across a plurality of links, the first N reserved resources could be frequency domain resources of the entire plurality of links, for example, link 1 and link 2 in Figure 2. Alternatively, the first N reserved resources could be a frequency domain resource of one of the plurality of links, for example, link 1 or link 2 in Figure 2. Alternatively, the first N reserved resources could be partial frequency domain resources of one of the plurality of links, for example, partial frequency domain resources of link 1 or link 2 in Figure 2. In another example, the first N reserved resources can be a time domain resource that corresponds to a full spectrum between the TBTTs, or it can be a time domain resource that corresponds to a channel, or it can be a time domain resource that corresponds to some RUs in a channel. Specifically, the first N reserved resources can be determined based on a first traffic delay requirement and a first traffic volume. It must be understood that if different traffic has different volumes, the time required to transmit different traffic will also differ. If each of the first N reserved resources occupies a small amount of resources, it cannot be guaranteed that, for example, the first traffic will be transmitted on the reserved resource, and therefore, the proper transmission of the first traffic cannot be ensured. Consequently, the user experience is poor. Furthermore, if the interval (referred to as the Train in this specification) between two adjacent first reserved resources in the plurality of first reserved resources is long, because the first traffic contends for and uses of the N reserved resources, the delay requirement for the first traffic cannot be met. For example, the first traffic requires a low delay.If the interval between two adjacent first reserved resources is long, the first traffic is transmitted on the current first reserved resource a long time after transmission on the previous first reserved resource is complete. This causes a long delay. Therefore, in this application, the interval between the first two adjacent reserved resources can be determined based on the delay requirement of the first traffic, and the duration occupied by each reserved resource, specifically the duration of each reserved resource, is determined based on the traffic volume of the first traffic. Because the first N reserved resources are determined based on the current delay requirement and the current traffic volume of the first traffic, the first N reserved resources can meet the delay requirement of the first traffic, and also ensure the proper transmission of the first traffic. Additionally, the first traffic is granted contention-based access to the first N reserved resources. In other words, in this request mode, the reserved resources are restricted to contention-based access. If multiple traffic streams exist, the probability of concurrent transmission can be either high or low. If the first access point (AP) defaults to a high probability of concurrent transmission, a large number of resources will be reserved for them. However, if the probability of concurrent transmission is low, reserving resources based on a high probability of concurrent transmission will obviously result in wasted resources.In this case, under this request mode, the first access point (AP) can determine, based on the probability of concurrent transmission of specific traffic (e.g., the first traffic) from different users, the first N resources reserved for that first traffic. For example, if the probability of concurrent transmission of the first traffic from 10 users is 20%, the first AP can reserve 2N first resources for that first traffic. Compared to reserving 10N first reserved resources, resource consumption can obviously be reduced. In some configurations, the first AP can alternatively reserve different time-frequency resources for different traffic. For example, the first AP can reserve M seconds of reserved resources for the second traffic. The M seconds of reserved resources are similar to the first N reserved resources. For example, the M seconds of reserved resources can be periodic resources, or they can be aperiodic resources. The M seconds of reserved resources can be one or more channels of a full bandwidth, or they can be some RUs on a channel. Alternatively, if the first AP is an AP in an MLD AP, and the first AP operates on a plurality of links, the M seconds of reserved resources can be time-frequency resources from all the links, or they can be a time-frequency resource from one of the links, or the M seconds of reserved resources can be some time-frequency resources from one of the links.The duration occupied by each of the M second reserved resources can be the same as, or different from, the duration occupied by each first reserved resource. The interval between two adjacent second reserved resources can be the same as, or different from, the interval between two adjacent first reserved resources. Specifically, the duration occupied by each of the M second reserved resources can be determined based on the traffic volume of the second traffic, and the interval between two adjacent second reserved resources can be determined based on a delay requirement of the second traffic. In an example, still referring to FIGURE 6, S603: The first AP can send the second indication information to the first device, where the second indication information can indicate the second M reserved resources that the second traffic is allowed access to based on contention. It should be noted that S603 is not mandatory, and therefore is illustrated by using a dashed line in FIGURE 6. Furthermore, S603 can be carried out before or after S601 or S602. It should be understood that the M second reserved resources include only one time-frequency resource reserved for the second traffic, and the M second reserved resources do not overlap the first N reserved resources, as shown in FIGURE 8. FIGURE 8 shows an example where the first traffic is national security / emergency preparedness (NS / EP) traffic and the second traffic is real-time request traffic. In some modes, the second indication information and the first indication information can be sent together. In other words, the second indication information and the first indication information are carried in the same management frame. In other modes, the second indication information and the first indication information can be sent separately. In other words, the second indication information is carried in one management frame, and the first indication information is carried in another. This is not limited in this mode of application. It should be understood that if the traffic is bursty, particularly non-periodic, and a resource reserved for that traffic is a periodic resource, a large number of reserved resources leads to wasted resources. However, if a small amount of resources is reserved for traffic—for example, a long interval between two adjacent resources—a traffic delay requirement cannot be met. Therefore, in this scenario, when reserving a resource for the first traffic, the first AP can select a required resource corresponding to the average traffic volume of the first traffic or the average traffic volume multiplied by m, where m is a real number greater than 0. Furthermore, the first AP can determine, based on the maximum allowable delay for the traffic, an interval between two adjacent resources reserved for the traffic. For example, the first N reserved resources are reserved for the first traffic. The interval 77 between any two adjacent first reserved resources satisfies Tr < tdeiayl2, where tdeiay is the maximum delay (upper delay limit) allowed for the first traffic, as shown in Figure 9. R1 to R4 are the first N reserved resources, and the maximum delay tdeiay allowed for the first traffic is from a start time t2 of R2 to a start time t3 of R4. Optionally, in this application, an interval Tr < tdeiayl2 between a start time t2 of R2 and a start time t3 of R3 satisfies a low-delay traffic requirement as much as possible. Even if the number of first N reserved resources is small, a delay requirement for aperiodic traffic can be ensured.In this way, a large amount of reserved resources does not need to be reserved for the first traffic, and resource waste can also be avoided. Additionally, because a burst of traffic might occur in the first stream—for example, if the first stream encounters interference in the first reserved resource—the first stream cannot be transmitted during the time occupied by the first reserved resource. Therefore, in this request mode, the first access point (AP) can temporarily activate a reserved resource, such as the third reserved resource, for the first stream. The first stream can then continue to be transmitted on the third reserved resource to ensure that the first stream can be transmitted. It's important to understand that the start time of the third reserved resource is after the end time of the first reserved resource in the first N reserved resources. In an example, still referring to FIGURE 6, S604: The first AP sends an action frame to the first device, where the action frame indicates the third reserved resource, and indicates that the first device is continuing the first traffic on the third reserved resource. It should be noted that the first AP activates the temporarily reserved resource only when the first traffic is not transmitted on the first reserved resource. Therefore, S504 is not mandatory, and is not illustrated by using a dashed line in FIGURE 6. It should be understood that the first access point (AP) determines that the transmission of the first traffic on the first reserved resource is not yet complete. In other words, the transmission time for the first traffic volume is longer than the time occupied by the first reserved resource. In this case, the first AP can send an action frame to the first device before the first reserved resource finishes, to temporarily activate the third reserved resource for the first traffic. It should be understood that the start time of the third reserved resource is after the end time of the first reserved resource. In this way, after the first traffic is transmitted on the first reserved resource, the first traffic continues to be transmitted on the third reserved resource. For ease of understanding, FIGURE 10 is a schematic diagram for triggering a resource temporarily reserved for the first traffic. R1 to R4 are the first N reserved resources, reserved for the first traffic, and the time occupied by either R1 or R4 is determined based on the traffic volume of the first traffic. The first traffic arrives at a start time t2 of R2, and then the first traffic is transmitted on R2. A burst occurs in the first traffic on R3. For example, during the time occupied by R3, the first traffic may encounter other interference. As a result, the transmission of the first traffic cannot be completed within the time occupied by R3. In other words, before a termination time t3 of R3, the transmission of the first traffic is not completed. The first AP can perform the resource reservation setup before the termination time t3 of R3.For example, the first AP sends an action frame to the first device before t3 to temporarily reserve a third reserved resource (e.g., temporary R3 in FIGURE 10) for the first traffic. In other words, the start time of the third reserved resource is after the end time of R3. Then, the first traffic continues to be transmitted on the temporary R3. It should be understood that if the first access point (AP) occupies a wide channel, and the resources reserved for the first traffic are all channel frequency domain resources, resource waste can occur. Therefore, in this application mode, the first traffic and the common traffic are allowed to reuse the first N reserved resources. In other words, the first traffic and the common traffic are allowed to be transmitted in a hybrid fashion using the first N reserved resources to improve resource utilization. For example, when the first AP occupies a wide channel, the first AP can choose to reserve partial channel frequency domain resources for the first traffic accessing it on a contention-based basis, and other terminals or traffic can be allowed to use different frequency domain resources of the channel.This can improve resource utilization and the overall system traffic transmission efficiency. It should be noted that the first type of traffic mentioned here can also be considered specialized traffic, for example, traffic with a high delay requirement. Conversely, common traffic is traffic with a low delay requirement. In one example, the first indication information further indicates that the first traffic is permitted contention-based access to some of the first N reserved resources. The first device receives the first indication information and contends for partial frequency domain resources within the first N reserved resources to access the channel. A frequency domain resource (which may be briefly referred to as a remaining frequency domain resource) within the first N reserved resources, other than a partial frequency domain resource, may not contend for other traffic to access the channel, or it may be used to transmit other traffic. Similarly, the first indication information further indicates that some of the first N reserved resources are used to schedule or transmit the first traffic. The first device receives the first indication information and transmits the first traffic on some of the first N reserved resources. The first AP can schedule the first traffic on some of the first N reserved resources. The remaining frequency domain resource in the first N reserved resources can be used to transmit other traffic. For the first AP, the first traffic can be scheduled on some of the first N reserved resources, and other traffic can be scheduled on the remaining frequency domain resource.For example, when there is a large volume of low-latency downlink traffic, the first AP can choose to send the low-latency downlink traffic on the remaining frequency domain resource within the first N reserved resources. If some of the remaining frequency domain resources are idle, the first AP can choose to send the common traffic on the idle frequency domain resources. This can further improve resource utilization and traffic transmission efficiency. As another example, when there is a small volume of low-latency downlink traffic, the first AP can choose to send both low-latency and common traffic on the first N reserved resources, and send the common traffic on a different resource within the first N reserved resources. In this mode of this request, the management frame can be a beacon frame, an association response frame, a probe response frame, an action frame, or similar. The first indication information, the second indication information, or the first request message can be carried in a defined field in the management frame, or it can be carried in a newly added field in the management frame, or it can be carried in both a defined field and a newly added field in the management frame. This is not limited in this mode of this request. It should be understood that there are several types of terminals in the communication network, for example, a terminal (which may be briefly referred to as a legacy terminal) that supports an earlier version than the Wi-Fi 6 protocol, and a terminal (which may be briefly referred to as an EHT terminal or an EHT+ terminal) that supports the next generation IEEE 802.11ax WLAN protocol (EHT, extremely high performance). In general, the legacy terminal handles regular traffic, and the EHT terminal handles low-latency traffic. However, to reduce transmission delay between legacy terminals, the access point (AP) typically instructs the legacy terminal to be silent on certain time-frequency resources. Similarly, in this request mode, other traffic can also be silent on the time-frequency resource reserved for the first traffic, to reduce the transmission delay of the first traffic. In this case, a management frame format can be used, and the initial indication information is carried in a defined field of the management frame. For example, the initial indication information can be carried in a quiet element field in the management frame. For an EHT or EHT+ terminal, a new field, for example, a first element field, can be added to the management frame. The first indication information can be carried in the first element field. This information can indicate the time-frequency resource reserved for the first traffic. Therefore, the first element field can be referred to as a resource reservation element field. A specific name for the first element field is not restricted in this application. However, if both a legacy terminal and an EHT or EHT+ terminal exist in a network, and the first indication information is carried only in the first element field, because the legacy terminal cannot identify a newly added field in a management frame, it cannot be silenced on a time-frequency resource reserved for the EHT or EHT+ terminal. In this case, the regular traffic from the legacy terminal may collide with the low-delay traffic from the EHT or EHT+ terminal. Therefore, the first indication information can be carried in the resource reservation element field and at least one silent element field.For example, if the resource reservation element field indicates the first N reserved resources, the first indication information can be carried additionally in the N silent element fields, and the N silent element fields correspond one-to-one with the first N reserved resources. When the first indication information is received, the EHT terminal or the EHT+ terminal accesses a channel by competing for the first N reserved resources to transmit the first traffic. When the legacy terminal receives the first indication information, it remains silent in the first N reserved resources.In this way, when both the legacy terminal and the EHT terminal or the EHT+ terminal exist in the network, the common traffic of the legacy terminal does not collide with the low-latency traffic of the EHT terminal or the EHT+ terminal, and the requirement to silence the low-latency traffic of the EHT terminal or the EHT+ terminal is met. In one example, FIGURE 11 is a schematic diagram of a resource reservation element format. The resource reservation element can include an Element ID field, a Length field, an Element ID Extension field, and a Resource Reservation Info field. The Element ID and Element ID Extension values ​​are among the reserved values ​​in the standard. For example, Element ID = 255, and Element ID Extension = 12. It should be understood that a specific implementation of the resource reservation element field may differ due to varying management frameworks, indication content, and similar factors. In this application, the resource reservation element field may include multiple subtypes. The subtype herein is one possible implementation of the resource reservation element field. In a specific implementation process, a subtype corresponding to the resource reservation element field may be indicated by the control shown in Figure 11. Table 1 describes an example of a subclass included in the resource reservation element field. The resource reservation element field can include three subtypes: periodic resource reservation, aperiodic resource reservation, and reserved resource release. Specific implementations of different resource reservation element subtypes can vary. The following describes one specific implementation of the resource reservation element field with reference to Table 1. Table 1 Value of a control field 0 Regular Resource reservation Carried out in a beacon frame, a probe response frame and an association response frame 1 Short Regular Resource Reservation Carried out in a beacon frame, a probe response frame, and an association response frame, when a silent element field also appears in these frames (Carried out in the Beacon, probe response, association response frame, when the Silence element also appears in these frames).2 Temp Resource Reservation setup Carried in Action frame 3 Temp Resource Reservation release Carried in Action frame 4 Regular Resource Reservation release Carried in Beacon frame, Probe response frame and Association response frame 5-255 Reserved. The Regular Resource Reservation field in Table 1 can be used to reserve a recurring resource. A format for a Regular Resource Reservation Item field is shown in Figure 12. The Regular Resource Reservation Item field can include an Item ID field, a Length field, an Item ID Extension field, a Control field, a Resource Reservation Count field, a Resource Reservation Period field, a Resource Reservation Offset field, a Resource Reservation Interval field, a Resource Reservation Duration field, and a Resource Reservation Mode field. The resource reservation count field can indicate the start time (in TBTT units) of the next beacon interval that includes the resource reservation, specifically, a TBTT amount after which a beacon interval that includes the resource reservation occurs. The resource reservation period field can indicate a period (in TBTT units) that includes the resource reservation, specifically, a TBTT amount after which a beacon interval that includes the resource reservation occurs. The resource reservation offset field can indicate a TBTT offset that is closer to a first reserved resource. The resource reservation interval field can indicate the duration of the resource reservation interval. The resource reservation duration field can indicate the duration of the resource reservation.The resource reservation mode field can specify a resource reservation mode, such as free contention, AP scheduling wait, low-delay reservation, AP-to-AP communication, and a dual-link operation mode. Low-delay reservation can further include NS / EP traffic reservation, real-time traffic reservation, wireless control traffic reservation, and similar options. Dual-link operation mode further includes a reservation mode on only one current link and a reservation mode on multiple links. The Short Regular Resource Reservation Element field in Table 1 can also be used to reserve a recurring resource. A format for a Short Regular Resource Reservation Element field is shown in Figure 13. The content indicated by each field included in the Regular Resource Reservation Element field is the same as that shown in Figure 12. The details are not described again herein. It should be noted that the short regular resource reserve element field is also used in conjunction with an existing silent element in standard 802.11 to periodically reserve a resource. Compared to the regular resource reserve field shown in Figure 12, the signaling overhead is low, and the amount of signaling can be reduced. The temporary resource reservation configuration in Table 1 can be used to reserve an aperiodic resource. A sample format for the temporary resource reservation configuration field is shown in Figure 14. The content specified by each field included in the temporary resource reservation configuration field is the same as that shown in Figure 12. The details are not described again herein. The above are several implementations for periodic and aperiodic resource reservations using the resource reservation item field. Without considering a specific format, the resource reservation item field can be carried in a management frame such as a beacon frame, probe response frame, or association response frame. The following describes one implementation of resource reservation release using the resource reservation item field. In this version of the request, two types of resource reservation release are included: regular resource reservation release and temporary resource reservation release. Figure 15 shows a sample format for the resource reservation release field. The content indicated by each field included in the resource reservation configuration field is the same as that shown in Figure 12. The details are not described again here. The regular resource reservation release field can be used to release a reserved resource by using the regular resource reservation field. The regular resource reservation release field is usually carried out in a beacon frame and is paired with the regular resource reservation field. The temporary resource reservation release field can be used to release a reserved resource by using the temporary resource reservation configuration field.The temporary resource reservation release field is usually carried in an action frame and is paired with the temporary resource reservation configuration field. In this scenario, a mechanism where the first N reserved resources are reserved for the first traffic for contention-based access can also be used for communication between APs. It should be understood that, in communication between an AP and a STA, the first N reserved resources reserved for the first traffic are AP-STA dedicated resources. In communication between APs, a resource allocated for AP-AP communication is usually an AP-AP dedicated resource, for example, a backhaul channel. However, in this scenario, the first traffic can be traffic between an AP and a STA, or it can be traffic between APs. For example, the first traffic is traffic between the first AP and the second AP. In this case, the first N reserved AP-STA dedicated resources reserved by the first AP for the first traffic can be used for AP-to-AP communication.In other words, in this mode of this request, AP-AP communication can use a dedicated AP-STA resource. This improves resource utilization and reduces the consumption of reserved resources. It should be understood that a plurality of intra-frequency APs can form a coordination group, and the APs in the coordination group can communicate with each other. An AP in the coordination group can be referred to as a primary AP. The primary AP has a coordination control function and can coordinate the communication of other APs. For example, the primary AP can allocate resources to the other APs. All APs in the coordination group have contention-based access to the same resource. To avoid a collision between the plurality of APs, the backoff mechanism in P2P communication can be used, as shown in Figure 3. However, when two adjacent APs are close to each other, and the resources of the two APs are not aligned (in other words, the two APs do not learn a start-end time for the resources), the two APs do not learn a backoff resource allocation, and therefore mutual interference can still occur. Therefore, in this mode of the request, an AP can adjust a reserved AP resource based on the first N reserved resources of the first AP. In this way, the AP's reserved resource can be aligned with the reserved resources of the first AP. According to this method, the reserved resources of a plurality of APs in a network can be aligned. This allows APs to learn from a resource location and fall back. This avoids collisions between the multiple APs and improves the reliability of communication between them. For example, Figure 16 and Figure 17 each show a schematic diagram of an AP coordination group architecture. Figure 16 shows an example where a network includes an access controller (AC) and three APs. The three APs are AP 1, AP 2, and AP 3, respectively. AP 1 has a coordination control role. When an AC or coordinator, such as AP 1, exists in the network, the AC or coordinator can configure the three APs (AP 1, AP 2, and AP 3) in the network to form the collaboration group, specifying one of the APs (for example, AP 1) as a primary AP. It should be understood that if the AC configures the collaboration group, AP 1 does not need to configure a collaboration group. Therefore, Figure 16 uses dashed lines to indicate that AP 1 is configuring a collaboration group. Figure 17 shows an example where a network includes three APs. The three APs are AP 1, AP 2, and AP 3, respectively. All three APs have a coordination control function. Any AP with a coordination control function in the network can actively initiate negotiations among the APs, based on their locations and configuration parameters, to form an AP coordination group. The APs that make up the coordination group can specify one AP in the network as a primary AP. Note that any AP with a coordination control function can form a coordination group, and the three APs in Figure 17 can form a coordination group. In Figure 17, for example, AP 1 forms a coordination group. Therefore, the dashed lines in Figure 17 are used for illustrative purposes.After AP 1 and AP 2 coordinate, AP 1 and AP 2 can exchange information required for coordination, for example, received signal strength indication (RSSI) information from an underlying cell STA, channel state information (CSI), user relay information, and time-frequency synchronization information between APs. The primary AP can reserve a resource for the first traffic. For example, the primary AP can send the first indication information. For example, the primary AP periodically sends a beacon frame. The first indication information can be carried in a Resource Reservation element field recently added to the beacon frame. The first indication information can specify the first N resources reserved for the first traffic, and the first N reserved resources can be periodic resources. It is assumed that any two of the first N reserved resources are Tr. To prevent interference caused by traffic from one STA to traffic between APs, the primary AP can silence all STAs in a cell served by it, using the first N reserved resources. In other words, the primary AP silences the STAs associated with it, using the first N reserved resources. However, the primary AP can only silence STAs associated with itself and cannot silence any other APs in the coordination group. Therefore, to prevent interference between APs in the coordination group, the remaining AP in the coordination group (other than the primary AP) can allocate one resource, based on the first N resources reserved by the primary AP for the initial traffic, to the remaining AP.For example, the remaining AP in the coordination group can monitor the primary AP's beacon frame via an air interface to obtain the primary AP's TBTT (Time to Transmit) Tb and resource reservation period Tr. Each AP in the remaining AP adjusts the TBTT transmission time for a cell served by the AP to Tb + mx Tr, and sets the resource reservation period for the cell served by the AP to Tr, where m is an integer greater than or equal to 0. In this way, the reserved resources of the APs in the coordination group can be aligned. When AP 1 and AP 2 exchange information on R1 to R3, the P2P backoff mechanism shown in Figure 3 can be used. This prevents mutual interference between the APs and reduces traffic transmission delay between them. Similarly, the remaining AP can also mute the STAs associated with the remaining AP within the first N reserved resources.In this way, all STAs associated with all APs in the coordination group remain silent in the first N reserved resources, and do not participate in the channel contention, so that communication between APs is not interfered with by TAs. In one example, the first device is a second AP that belongs to the same AP coordination group as the first AP. After receiving a management frame, the second AP can further adjust, based on a management frame transmission time Tb and an interval Trent between the first two adjacent reserved resources, a time at which the second AP sends a management frame at TB + mx Tr, and sets a resource reservation period for a cell served by the second AP at T, where m is an integer greater than or equal to 0. In this way, all APs in the entire AP coordination group send a management frame at the same time, and the resource reservation periods for the cells served by the APs are also the same. Thus, the APs in the AP collaboration group can learn the start and end times of each reserved resource from each other and can back off at an appropriate time. This avoids collisions between APs.For ease of understanding, FIGURE 18 is a schematic diagram of the AP coordination group communication based on the silent time period protection according to one modality of this request. FIGURE 18 shows an example of two APs (AP 1 and AP 2) and two STAs (STA 1 and STA 2). AP 1 and AP 2 are in the same coordination group. For example, AP 1 is a primary AP. AP 1 can periodically send a beacon frame. A newly added reserved resource field in the beacon frame can indicate information about the first N reserved resources (for example, R1, R2, and R3) reserved for the first traffic, such as the duration occupied by each first reserved resource, and an interval between two adjacent first reserved resources.AP 2 can monitor the beacon frame sent by AP 1, determine the first N resources reserved by AP 1, then adjust the TBTT sending time of a cell served by AP 2 to Tb + mx Tr, and set a resource reservation period for the cell served by AP 2 to Tr. In this way, AP 2 can adjust its reserved resources to be consistent with AP 1's reserved resources, or AP 2's reserved resources can be considered aligned with AP 1's reserved resources (as shown by the dotted lines in FIGURE 18). Because the reserved resources of AP 1 and AP 2 are aligned, the P2P backtracking mechanism shown in FIGURE 3 can be used. In other words, AP 2 clearly learns a resource allocation for backtracking, so a condition between AP 2 and AP 1 can be avoided, and the reliability of communication between AP 1 and AP 2 can be improved. Between R1 and R3, STA 1 and STA 2 are silent. In other words, STA 1 and STA 2 do not have contention-based access from R1 to R3, so the access delay between AP 1 and AP 2, or between R1 and R3, can be shortened. STA 1 and STA 2 have contention-based access to a different time-frequency resource than R1 and R3 to transmit traffic (as shown by the bold arrows in Figure 18). Between R1 and R3, AP 1 and AP 2 have access to a channel and can exchange first traffic (as shown by the thin arrows in Figure 18). After accessing the channel, AP 1 and AP 2 continue transmitting first traffic. For example, AP 1 and AP 2 contend for a time-frequency resource after R1 transmits the first traffic.Furthermore, in the network, the first N resources reserved by AP 1 for initial traffic do not need to be dedicated time-frequency resources for communication between APs. For example, the time-frequency resources dedicated to communication between an AP and a STA can be reused, thus reducing resource consumption. In general, the time occupied by each reserved resource is long; for example, it is longer than a transmit opportunity (TXOP). This is because the reserved resource can be used to send traffic from multiple terminals. Although the traffic volume from each terminal is small, the total traffic can only be transmitted after being sent multiple times. Therefore, the time occupied by the reserved resource is generally long. However, for communication between access points (APs), the traffic volume between APs is usually large, and the data can be transmitted only once. If the time occupied by a reserved resource for the first transmission is long, the channel's efficiency is significantly reduced. Therefore, in this application, the time occupied by each reserved resource can be less than the TXOP or even shorter.For example, the time occupied by R1 is tens or hundreds of microseconds. For AP 1 or AP 2, AP 1 or AP 2 only needs to complete the channel contention within the resource reservation time to gain a channel access opportunity. After gaining channel access, AP 1 or AP 2 can re-establish the TXOP using a control frame. For example, AP 1 or AP 2 can re-establish the TXOP using a trigger frame or a control frame (Request to Send / Clear to Send, RTS / CTS). This solution can meet the traffic delay requirement between the APs and also improves channel utilization efficiency. Additionally, because multiple types of low-delay traffic can exist on a network, the access point (AP) can reserve resources for each traffic type to meet the delay requirement for each type. For example, if there are two types of low-delay traffic on a network, such as NS / EP traffic and real-time traffic, the AP can add two regular resource reservation fields to the beacon frame. These two regular resource reservation fields correspond to the two low-delay traffic types mentioned above. Alternatively, the AP can sequentially send two beacon frames, where one frame is used to reserve a resource for one traffic type, and the other frame is used to reserve a resource for a different traffic type. Furthermore, if the first access point (AP) always reserves a resource for the first traffic, particularly after the first AP reserves a resource for the first traffic for the first time, even if the network state subsequently improves, the first AP will still reserve a resource for that first traffic. Obviously, this is detrimental to other traffic and leads to wasted resources. Therefore, in this application, after the first AP reserves the first N resources for the first traffic, if it is determined that the network state improves or the first traffic ceases, the first AP can release the resource reserved for that first traffic to balance the delay requirements of the multiple traffic streams as much as possible. The first access point (AP) determines that the network status has improved, either by actively detecting the network status or by notifying the first AP that the network status has improved. If the first device determines that the network status has improved or the first traffic has ceased, it can request that the first AP release the first N reserved resources. For example, the first device might send a second request message to the first AP, requesting that the first AP release the first N reserved resources. The first AP receives the second request message and sends a management frame to the first device to release the first N reserved resources.Indeed, when the first AP determines that the network status improves, it actively sends the first device a management frame to release the first N reserved resources, indicating that the first device should cancel the first N reserved resources reserved for the first traffic. Similarly, for a temporarily reserved resource activated by the first AP for the first traffic, if the first traffic ends, the first device can also request that the first AP release the temporarily reserved resource. As shown in Figure 10, the first AP can send a resource reserve release management frame before the temporary resource R3 expires. The following describes in detail the methods provided in the modalities of this request with reference to a specific scenario. Figure 19 is a diagram of a communication network architecture between an AP and a STA according to one modality of this application. Figure 19 shows an example of one AP (AP1) and three STAs. The three STAs are respectively STA1, STA2, and STA3. AP1 can communicate with all three STAs. AP1 and the three STAs can establish a Basic Service Set (BSS). In Figure 18, for example, low-delay traffic and regular traffic coexist in a single BSS. When low-delay traffic and regular traffic coexist, a method for reserving a resource for the former (the low-delay traffic) in this modality of this application can shorten the channel access delay of the former traffic and shorten the transmission delay of the latter.The following uses separate examples of uplink transmission and downlink transmission to describe how to reserve a resource for the first traffic and how to carry out channel access for the first traffic on the reserved resource in this mode of this request. Figure 20 is a flowchart for activating, by an STA, the reservation of resources for low-latency uplink traffic. When the STA needs to send low-latency uplink traffic (for example, the first traffic), the STA can request an AP to reserve a resource for that first traffic. The resource is then reserved for the first traffic. The AP may not be able to distinguish whether the first traffic is low-latency traffic. Therefore, the STA needs to notify the AP that the first traffic is low-latency traffic, specifically, that the resource needs to be reserved. It's important to understand that while the first traffic has a high delay requirement, if the network state is good, the delay requirement for the first traffic can still be met. In this case, if the first access point (AP) reserves a resource for the first traffic when the network state is good, it obviously results in wasted resources. To avoid this waste, in this request scenario, before the system operator (STA) requests the AP to reserve a resource for the first traffic, the STA can determine whether the current network state meets the delay requirement for the first traffic. For example, if the network state is good, it is more likely to meet the delay requirement for the first traffic; and if the network state is poor, it is less likely to meet the delay requirement for the first traffic. In one example, the STA activates delay traffic under uplink, and the STA can notify the AP if the current network state meets the delay requirement for the first traffic. S2001: The STA determines that the network state meets an activation condition, where the activation condition is that the sending delays of a plurality of data packets exceeded a preset threshold. In this version of the request, the activation condition can be established based on the probability of the traffic delay requirement being met. When the network state meets the activation condition, it is considered deficient and does not meet the initial traffic delay requirement. The activation condition is triggered when the transmission delays of a plurality of data packets exceed a pre-established threshold, which can be determined through experimental measurement or based on historical data. For example, the plurality of data packets is L consecutive data packets, where L is an integer greater than or equal to 1. If the sending delays of the L consecutive data packets exceed the delay threshold, it indicates that the sending delay of each of the L data packets exceeds the delay requirement, and the network state can be considered poor. For another example, let's say the plurality of data packets is L data packets in P data packets, where L is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and P is greater than L. If the transmission delay of L consecutive data packets in P data packets exceeds the delay threshold, it indicates that the transmission delay of some data packets in P data packets exceeds the delay threshold, and the transmission delay of some data packets did not exceed the delay threshold. The network state can be considered unstable. In general, the network state is poor. Furthermore, it is assumed that the STA needs to send 10 data packets. After consecutively sending three data packets within the same time-frequency resource, due to a delay, the STA has no opportunity to send the remaining data packets. In this case, the network status can also be considered poor. Therefore, in this scenario, the data packet transmission delay exceeding the delay threshold can also be considered as that which reaches K times the delay threshold. For example, the transmission delays of K consecutive data packets reach p times the delay threshold, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and p is a real number greater than 1. S2002: The STA sends an initial request message to the AP, and the AP receives the request message, where the initial request message can be used to request the AP to reserve a resource for the initial traffic. The first request message can be carried in any of the previous management frames or any other possible management frame. This is not limited in this request format. S2003: The AP sends a management frame to the STA, and the STA receives the management frame, where the management frame can carry the first indication information above, to reserve the first N reserved resources for the first traffic. After receiving the first request message, the AP can determine, based on a delay requirement and the traffic volume of the first traffic, the first N reserved resources that need to be reserved for that first traffic. For example, the AP can determine, based on the delay requirement of the first traffic, a span between two adjacent first reserved resources and determine the duration occupied by each first reserved resource. The AP then sends the management frame to the STA, where the management frame can carry the aforementioned first indication information, to reserve the first N reserved resources for the first traffic. For example, the previous resource reservation element field can be added to the management frame to carry the first indication information. After reserving the first N reserved resources for the first traffic, the AP can programmatically obtain low-latency uplink and downlink traffic from the STAs on the first N reserved resources using a configuration frame. Because only the first traffic is allowed contention-based access to the first N reserved resources, all STAs in a cell that served the AP can be considered silent to traffic other than the first traffic on the first N reserved resources. Since all STAs in the cell that served the AP are silent to traffic other than the first traffic on the first N reserved resources, traffic other than the first traffic does not contend with the first traffic for the first N reserved resources. This increases the chance of the first traffic accessing a channel and reduces the channel access delay for the first traffic.After the first traffic accesses the channel, the first traffic can continue to be transmitted on the reserved resource, thus further shortening the transmission delay of the first traffic. In this mode of this request, a resource reserved for traffic is limited for use in a contention-based manner. If there is a plurality of low-latency traffic, the probability of concurrent transmission of this plurality of low-latency traffic can be high or low. If the probability of concurrent transmission of this plurality of low-latency traffic is determined to be high, then a large number of resources need to be reserved for this plurality of low-latency traffic. However, if the probability of concurrent transmission of this plurality of low-latency traffic is currently low, then a waste of resources is obviously resulting. Therefore, in this mode of this request, the access point (AP) can determine, based on the probability of concurrent transmission of specific traffic (e.g., the first traffic) from different users, the first N resources reserved for the first traffic.For example, if the probability of concurrent transmission of the first traffic from 10 users is 20%, the first access point (AP) can reserve 2N first reserved resources for that first traffic. Compared to reserving 10N first reserved resources, this obviously reduces resource consumption. It should be understood that if the network condition subsequently improves, the access point (AP) still reserves a resource for the first traffic. This is obviously unfair to other traffic. Therefore, in this scenario, after the AP reserves the first N resources for the initial traffic, and it is determined that the network condition improves or the first traffic ceases, the AP can cancel (release) the resource reserved for that first traffic to balance the delay requirements of multiple traffic streams as much as possible. S2004: The STA determines that the network state does not meet the activation condition or terminates the first traffic. S2005: The STA sends a second request message to the AP, where the second request message is used to request the AP to release the first N reserved resources. If the STA determines that the network status improves or the first traffic ends, the STA can request the AP to release the first N reserved resources. S2006: The AP sends a management frame to the STA to release the first N reserved resources. The AP receives the second request message and sends the management frame to the STA to release the first N reserved resources. For example, the AP can cancel the resource reserved for the first traffic by sending the management frame (e.g., a beacon frame). The "Release previous resource reservation" field can be added to the beacon frame to indicate that the resource reserved for the first traffic should be released. After receiving the beacon frame, the STA can determine that the resource previously reserved for the first traffic has been canceled. It should be understood that the AP can also actively detect the network status. When the AP determines that the network status is improving, it actively sends a beacon frame to the STA to release the first N reserved resources. Figure 21 is a flowchart for activating, via an access point (AP), resource reservation for low-latency downlink traffic. The AP can schedule low-latency downlink traffic (e.g., the first traffic). Before scheduling the first traffic, the AP can determine the current state of a network. If the current network state does not meet the activation condition, the network state is poor. In this case, the AP can reserve a resource, for example, the first N reserved resources, for the first traffic accessing the network using contention-based access. The procedure for the AP to activate resource reservation for low-latency downlink traffic is as follows: S2101: The AP determines that the network state meets the activation condition. S2102: The AP sends a management frame to a STA, and the STA receives the management frame, where the management frame can carry the first indication information above, to reserve the first N resources reserved for the first traffic. S2103: The STA determines that the network state does not meet the activation condition or the first traffic ends. S2104: The AP sends a management frame to the STA to release the first N reserved resources. Specifically, for an implementation where the AP reserves the first N reserved resources for the first traffic, refer to the related descriptions in the mode shown in FIGURE 20. The details are not described again here. After reserving the first N reserved resources for the first traffic, the AP can programmatically obtain low-latency downlink and uplink traffic from the STA on the first N reserved resources by using a trigger frame. Similar to the mode in FIGURE 20, the AP always reserves a resource for the first traffic. Obviously, this is unfair to other traffic.Therefore, after the AP reserves the first N resources reserved for the first traffic, and it is determined that the network state improves or the first traffic ends, the AP can cancel the resource reserved for the first traffic to balance the delay requirements of multiple traffic streams as much as possible. Specifically, for an implementation in which the AP cancels the first N resources reserved for the first traffic, refer to the related descriptions in the mode shown in FIGURE 20. The details are not described again here. A specific implementation for reserving a resource for the first traffic in this type of request varies depending on an attribute of the traffic, for example, whether the traffic is burst traffic, or whether a terminal on the network is a legacy terminal or an EHT terminal. The following describes a specific example in detail. Example 1: If the first traffic is burst traffic, the AP can additionally activate a temporarily reserved resource for the first traffic to ensure that the first traffic can be transmitted properly and to improve the reliability of communication between the AP and the STA. For a specific way in which the AP reserves the first N reserved resources and the temporarily reserved resource for the first traffic, refer to the descriptions in the previous mode. The details are not described again here. It should be noted that if the STA completes the transmission of the first traffic, it can request the AP to release the temporarily reserved resource. The example shown in Figure 10 is still used.If the STA has completed a transmission of the first traffic from time t2 to time fe, the temporarily reserved resource can be released to reserve more resources for other traffic for contention-based access, so that the transmission delay of each traffic is shortened. Example 2: Both legacy terminals and EHT terminals coexist on the network. The AP reserves the first N reserved resources for the first traffic and can additionally establish a quiet interval for each legacy terminal, corresponding to each first reserved resource. This ensures that the legacy terminal is silent on the resource reserved for the first traffic, prevents interference from the legacy terminal to the EHT terminal, and guarantees a low delay requirement for transmitting the first traffic by the EHT terminal. In the network shown in Figure 19, STA 1 is a legacy terminal, STA 2 is an EHT terminal, and STA 3 is also an EHT terminal. If the first indication information sent by the AP is carried in a newly added field, specifically a resource reservation element field, of the management frame, the legacy terminal cannot readily identify the resource reservation element field and therefore cannot be silent on a time-frequency resource reserved for the EHT terminal. In this case, the regular traffic from the legacy terminal may collide with the low-delay traffic from the EHT terminal. Therefore, the management frame carrying the first indication information may include both a resource reservation element field and a silent element field.If the STA is a legacy terminal, the STA performs silencing based on a silent interval indicated by the silent element field, or if the STA is not a legacy terminal, the AP sets the first N resources reserved based on a silent interval indicated by the silent element field. For example, FIGURE 22 is a schematic diagram of a silent element structure as defined in the existing 802.11 standard. A silent count field can indicate the start time (in TBTT units) of the next silent interval. A silent period field can indicate a silent period (in TBTT units), specifically, a number of TBTTs after which a silent period occurs. The silent duration field can indicate the length of the silent interval. The silent offset field can indicate a TBTT offset that is closer to the silent interval.In this application configuration, the N silent element fields and the resource reservation element fields can be set in the management frame. The resource reservation element field uses a regular resource reservation element field to reserve the first N reserved resources for the first traffic, as shown in Figure 23A. The N silent element fields each correspond to the first N reserved resources. Each silent element field establishes a silent interval for the legacy terminal. In other words, each silent interval corresponds to one of the N reserved resources established by the regular resource reservation element field, as shown in Figure 23B.When the management frame sent by the AP includes both the silent element fields and the regular resource reservation element field, the EHT terminal receives the management frame, ignores the silent element fields, and contends for a reserved resource indicated by the regular resource reservation element field. After receiving the management frame, the legacy terminal is silent during the silent interval specified by the silent element fields. In this mode of this request, the silent interval established by the N silent element fields is exactly the same as the first N reserved resources corresponding to the regular resource reservation element field. Therefore, the legacy terminal can be silent on the resource reserved for the first traffic (the EHT terminal), and the transmission of the first traffic by the EHT terminal is unaffected. Additionally, to reduce signaling overhead, when the management frame includes N silent element fields, the resource reservation element field can use a short, regular resource reservation element field. In this case, the legacy terminal is silent during the silent interval specified by the silent element fields, and the EHT terminal establishes the resource reservation based on the silent interval specified by the silent element fields. Similar to Example 1, in this mode, if the first traffic is burst traffic and the transmission of the first traffic is not completed on the reserved resource, the AP sends an action frame on the reserved resource to activate the resource temporarily reserved for the first traffic. Unlike Example 1, in this mode, considering the legacy terminal, a network allocation vector (NAV) of the legacy terminal can be set by using a duration field of a media access control (MAC) frame to establish the temporarily reserved resource. It should be understood that if the access point (AP) still has the resource temporarily reserved after sending the first traffic, the AP can send the action frame to release the reservation. For example, the action frame contains the resource reservation release element field. The EHT terminal receives the action frame and releases the reserved resource. The legacy terminal cannot identify the resource reservation release element field and therefore remains silent. Example 3: Both an idle terminal (generally a low-power terminal) and the EHT terminal coexist on the network. The idle terminal does not monitor every management frame. Therefore, the idle terminal may miss information from the AP regarding reserving a resource for the first traffic, and thus does not back off for the first traffic. In this case, the first-traffic delay requirement cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, in this scenario, the first N reserved resources can be reserved for the first traffic in a way that also reserves a resource for the first traffic in the second scenario. For example, the AP sets the first N reserved resources for the first traffic between two TBTTs, and the interval between any two first reserved resources is less than or equal to half the maximum allowable delay for the first traffic. It should be understood that, for a STA in a common power-saving mode, the STA periodically wakes up to receive each beacon frame from the AP, to detect if the AP has retransmitted the downlink data to be sent. If the AP establishes a reserved resource for the first traffic, the STA can update the reserved resource information in a timely manner and does not send a PS-Poll frame on the reserved resource. However, a terminal in WNM idle mode does not monitor every beacon frame and may miss information from the AP regarding reserving a resource for the first traffic. Therefore, the AP can include the resource reservation element field in the beacon frame corresponding to the TBTT at which the WNM idle terminal becomes active. This way, the WNM idle terminal receives the beacon frame and can determine, based on the resource reservation element field in the beacon frame, the resource reserved by the AP for the first traffic. Consequently, the WNM idle terminal may not use the reserved resource to send an uplink frame. It should be understood that if the terminal in WNM idle mode goes to sleep before the AP establishes the resource reserved for the first traffic, and then wakes up at a non-TBTT time after the AP establishes the reserved resource, attempting to send an uplink frame to change the PS mode, the reserved resource may be interfered with. In this case, the interference caused by the terminal in WNM idle mode to the first traffic (the EHT terminal) can be considered inter-system interference. If the transmission of the first traffic cannot be completed on the reserved resource, the EHT terminal can request the resource temporarily reserved from the AP by using a temporary resource reservation element field. For a terminal in TWT mode, the access point (AP) and the TWT-enabled terminal establish TWT enabled by triggering. The terminal waits for the AP to send a trigger frame and does not initiate uplink transmission. If a terminal does not support trigger-enabled TWT, it may actively compete for a channel. In this case, interference caused by the TWT-enabled terminal to the first traffic (the EHT terminal) is inter-system interference. If the first traffic transmission cannot be completed on the reserved resource, the EHT terminal can request the temporarily reserved resource from the AP using the temporary resource reservation field. The AP sends an action frame to the reserved resource, containing a temporary resource reservation configuration element field, to activate the temporarily reserved resource. For example, FIGURE 24 is a schematic diagram of a temporary resource reservation configuration element field format. A resource reservation configuration field can specify a time offset between the temporarily reserved resource and the current frame. A resource reservation duration field can specify the resource reservation duration. A resource reservation mode field can specify a resource reservation mode.For a lower power consumption idle terminal, the AP can compensate for the start-up time of the temporarily reserved resource by the current resource reservation by using the resource reservation compensation field in the temporary resource reservation configuration item field, so that a period of time is reserved for the idle terminal to enter an idle state again after the idle terminal completes transmission. Example 4: In this request mode, both specific traffic (e.g., traffic with a high delay requirement, also referred to as low delay traffic) and common traffic (e.g., traffic with a low delay requirement) are allowed to reuse the first N reserved resources. In other words, both specific and common traffic are allowed to be transmitted in a hybrid manner within the first N reserved resources. That is, this request mode supports OFDMA transmission. This can improve resource utilization and the overall traffic transmission efficiency of the system. In one example, the first indication information further indicates that low-latency traffic is permitted contention-based access to partial frequency domain resources in reserved resources, and / or the first indication information further indicates that partial frequency domain resources in reserved resources are used to schedule or transmit low-latency traffic. For example, when the AP occupies a wide channel, the AP may choose to reserve the channel's partial frequency domain resource for low-latency traffic to access on a contention-based basis, and other terminals or traffic may be permitted to use frequency domain resources other than the partial frequency domain resources in the channel. Specifically, when a reserved resource is established, the AP can clearly reserve a specific frequency resource for low-latency traffic during a specific duration (e.g., first duration). The STA remains silent on all frequencies during the first duration of the reserved resource and does not actively initiate uplink transmission. However, if the STA transmits data before the start time of the first duration of the reserved resource, it must ensure that the transmission is completed before the start time. In the first phase, the AP can preferentially schedule low-latency traffic using a trigger frame. For downlink low-latency traffic, the AP sends it to multiple terminals using the first portion of the frequency domain resources within the reserved resources. Where there is a large volume of downlink low-latency traffic, the AP can choose to send the downlink low-latency traffic using the remaining frequency domain resources within the different reserved resources in the first portion of the frequency domain resources.If some remaining frequency domain resources are inactive, the AP may choose to send common traffic on the remaining frequency domain resources when there is a small amount of low-delay downlink traffic. The AP may choose to send low-delay and common traffic on the first part of the frequency domain resources to reserved resources. The AP may send common traffic on the remaining frequency domain resource to reserved resources other than the first part of the frequency domain resources. For uplink traffic, the AP obtains uplink traffic information (including low-delay and other uplink traffic) from the STA through querying and schedules low-delay and common traffic from the STA using a trigger frame based on the uplink traffic information. It should be understood that, for OFDMA based on CMSA contention, the AP can only transmit after competing for a TXOP. However, when network congestion occurs, the delay for the AP to compete for the TXOP can be prolonged, and the low-delay traffic requirement cannot be met. However, in this application mode, because OFDMA transmission takes place on a reserved resource, there is a specific channel access delay, and a low-delay traffic requirement can be met. Example 5: It should be understood that the 802.11be has low-latency traffic, and the pre-Wi-Fi 6 terminal has regular traffic. When an 802.11be terminal (e.g., the EHT terminal) and a terminal (e.g., the legacy terminal) predating Wi-Fi 6 exist on the network, in this mode of this request, a quiet element field can be used to reserve a resource, so that a certain amount of low-latency traffic on the 802.11be can still be guaranteed. Specifically, the AP adds the silent element field to the management frame, for example, a beacon frame, and periodically silences all STAs in a cell served by the AP using the beacon frame. When multiple inter-frequency APs exist in the network and multiple intra-frequency APs belong to the same AP coordination group, the other APs in the coordination group monitor a beacon frame from a primary AP through an air interface to obtain the primary AP's TBTT (Time To Breakdown Time). They then adjust the TBTTs of the cells served by the other APs to match that of the primary AP. For a specific implementation where the AP serves a resource for low-latency traffic using the management frame, refer to the previous method.In other words, a Trentre interval between two adjacent reserved resources is determined based on a low-delay traffic delay requirement, and the duration (particularly, reserved resource duration) occupied by each reserved resource is determined based on a low-delay traffic volume. Because the silent element field can silence common traffic, the AP schedules low-latency 802.11be traffic using the wake-up frame. It should be understood that, on reserved resources, if low-latency traffic has been sent, the AP can also schedule common traffic. Furthermore, when sending low-latency traffic, the AP can use a low-priority EDCA parameter to compete for a channel, so common traffic on a local BSS may not affect the transmission of low-latency traffic on other BSSs. In a channel access method provided in this application, the access point (AP) can reserve a time-frequency resource for contention and use for the first traffic. In other words, only the first traffic is allowed contention-based access to the time-frequency resource, and traffic other than the first traffic is silenced on that resource. Because only the first traffic is allowed contention-based access to the reserved time-frequency resources, the chance of the first traffic accessing a channel is increased, and the transmission delay of the first traffic is reduced. In the modalities provided in this application, the methods described are separate from the perspective of the interaction between the first AP and the first device (either the AP or the STA). To implement the functions in the methods provided, the AP and the STA may include a hardware structure and / or a software module. The specific implementation of these functions depends on the particular application and the design constraints of the technical solutions. The following describes communication devices to augment the methods described above in the modalities of this application, with reference to the attached figures. Therefore, all the above content may be used in the following modalities. Repeated content is not described again. Figure 25 is a schematic block diagram of a 2500 communication device according to one embodiment of this application. The 2500 communication device may implement corresponding functions or steps implemented by the first AP or the first device in the embodiments of the preceding method. The communication device may include a 2510 processing module and a 2520 transceiver module. Optionally, the communication device may also include a storage unit. The storage unit may be configured to store instructions (code or a program) and / or data. The 2510 processing module and the 2520 transceiver module may be coupled to the storage unit. For example, the 2510 processing module may read the instructions (code or program) and / or data from the storage unit to implement a corresponding method.The above units can be placed independently, or they can be partially or fully integrated. In some possible implementations, the 2500 communication device can correspondingly implement the behavior and functions of the first device in the method's modes. For example, the 2500 communication device can be an AP or an STA, or it can be a component (e.g., a chip or circuit) used in the AP or the STA.The 2520 transceiver module can be configured to perform all the receive and transmit operations carried out by the first device in the mode shown in FIGURE 6, FIGURE 20, or FIGURE 21, for example, S601 to S604 in the mode shown in FIGURE 6, and / or another process used to support the technology described in this specification; for example, S2002, S2003, S2005, and S2006 in the mode shown in FIGURE 20, and / or another process used to support the technology described in this specification; and for another example, S2102 and S2104 in the mode shown in FIGURE 21, and / or another process used to support the technology described in this specification.The 2510 processing module is configured to carry out all operations, except send and receive operations, carried out by the first device in the mode shown in FIGURE 6, FIGURE 20, or FIGURE 21, for example, determining the first N reserved resources, and / or other process used to support the technology described in this specification; and for example, S2001 and S2004 in the mode shown in FIGURE 20, and / or other process used to support the technology described in this specification. In some configurations, the 2520 transceiver module is configured to receive a management frame from the first access point (AP). This management frame includes the first indication information, which specifies that the first traffic is granted access to at least one reserved resource on a contention basis. This reserved resource includes only one time-frequency resource reserved for the first traffic. The 2520 transceiver module is further configured to initiate channel access on the reserved resource determined by the processing module and transmits the first traffic. In an optional implementation, the first reserved at least one resource is some of the time-frequency resources between target beacon transmission times (TBTT). For example, the first reserved at least one resource could be a channel of full bandwidth, or it could be some resource units (RUs) of a channel. In one possible implementation, the AP is an AP in a multi-link device (MLD). The first AP operates on a plurality of links. The first indication information indicates a time-frequency resource of one of the plurality of links, or the first indication information indicates some time-frequency resources of a first link of the plurality of links. In an optional implementation, a Trentre interval between two adjacent first reserved resources is determined based on a first traffic delay requirement, and the duration occupied by each first reserved resource is determined based on a first traffic volume. In an optional implementation, the management frame includes the second indication information. The second indication information indicates at least one second reserved resource that the second traffic is allowed access to on a contention basis. The at least one second reserved resource includes only one time-frequency resource reserved for the second traffic. The at least one second reserved resource does not overlap the at least one first reserved resource. In an optional implementation, Tr complies with Tr< tdeiay / 2, where tdeiay is a maximum delay allowed by the first traffic. In an optional implementation, the 2520 transceiver module is additionally configured to receive an action frame from the first AP, where the action frame indicates a third reserved resource and indicates that the first device continues the first traffic on the third reserved resource, a start time of the third reserved resource is later than that of a completion time of the first reserved resource on the at least one first reserved resource, the action frame is sent before the completion time of the first reserved resource, and the transmission duration of the first traffic volume is greater than the duration occupied by the first reserved resource. In an optional implementation, the first indication information further indicates that the first traffic is permitted contention-based access to partial frequency domain resources on at least one first reserved resource, and / or the first indication information further indicates that partial frequency domain resources on at least one first reserved resource are used to schedule or transmit the first traffic. In an optional implementation, the management frame is either a beacon frame, an association response frame, a probe response frame, or an action frame. In an optional implementation, the first indication information is carried in a first element field and / or a silent element field included in the management frame. In an optional implementation, there are N silent element fields, and the N silent element fields correspond one-to-one to the first N reserved resources. In an optional implementation, the management frame includes a resource reservation element field and a silent element field. If the 2500 communication appliance is a legacy terminal, the 2510 processing module is configured to perform silencing based on a silent interval specified by the silent element field. If the 2500 communication appliance is a non-legacy terminal, the 2510 processing module is configured to set at least one first reserved resource based on a silent interval specified by the silent element field. In an optional implementation, the communication appliance 2500 is a second AP located in the same AP coordination group as the first AP. The first traffic includes the traffic between the first AP and the second AP. The processing module 2510 is further configured to determine that a time at which a management frame is sent is Tb + mx Tr, where Tb is a sending time at which the first AP sends a management frame, and m is an integer greater than or equal to 0; and / or the processing module 2510 is further configured to determine that a resource reservation period for a cell served by the communication appliance 2500 is set to Tr. In an optional implementation, the 2520 transceiver module is additionally configured to send, by the first device, a first request message to the first AP, where the first request message is used to request the first AP to reserve a first path for the first traffic from the communicating device. In an optional implementation, when the processing module 2510 determines that a network state to transmit the first traffic meets a pre-set activation condition, the transceiver module 2520 sends the first request message to the first AP, where the pre-set activation condition is that the sending delays of a plurality of data packets exceeded a pre-set threshold. In an optional implementation, the plurality of data packets is L consecutive data packets. In an optional implementation, the plurality of data packets is L data packets in the P data packets. In an optional implementation, exceeding the preset threshold additionally includes reaching K times the preset threshold. It should be understood that the 2510 processing module in this modality of this application can be implemented by using a processor or a processor-related circuit component, and the 2520 transceiver module can be implemented by using a transceiver, a transceiver-related circuit component, or a communication interface. In some possible implementations, the 2500 communication device can correspondingly implement the behavior and functions of the first AP in the method's modes. For example, the 2500 communication device can be an AP, or it can be a component (e.g., a chip or circuit) used in the AP.The 2520 transceiver module can be configured to perform all receive or send operations carried out by the first AP in the mode shown in FIGURE 6, FIGURE 20, or FIGURE 21, for example, S601 to S604 in the mode shown in FIGURE 6, and / or another process used to support the technology described in this specification; for example, S2002, S2003, S2005, and S2006 in the mode shown in FIGURE 20, and / or another process used to support the technology described in this specification; and for another example, S2102 and S2104 in the mode shown in FIGURE 21, and / or another process used to support the technology described in another specification.The processing module 2510 is configured to carry out all operations, except send and receive operations, carried out by the first AP in the mode shown in FIGURE 6, FIGURE 20, or FIGURE 21, for example, generating the management frame above, and / or other process used to support the technology described in another specification; and for example, S2101 and S2103 in the mode shown in FIGURE 21, and / or other process used to support the technology described in another specification. In one example, the 2510 processing module is configured to generate a management frame. The 2520 transceiver module is configured to send the management frame to a first device. The management frame includes the first indication information. The first indication information indicates at least one first reserved resource that the first traffic is permitted to access on a contention basis. The at least one first reserved resource includes only one time-frequency resource reserved for the first traffic. In an optional implementation, the reserved time-frequency resource is some of the time-frequency resources between TBTT. In an optional implementation, the first AP is an AP in a multi-link MLD AP device. The first AP operates on a plurality of links. The first indication information indicates a time-frequency resource of one of the plurality of links, or the first indication information indicates some time-frequency resources of a first link of the plurality of links. In an optional implementation, a Trentre interval between two adjacent first reserved resources is determined based on a first traffic delay requirement, and the duration occupied by each first reserved resource is determined based on a first traffic volume. In an optional implementation, Tr complies with Tr< tdeiay / 2, where tdeiay is a maximum delay allowed by the first traffic. In an optional implementation, the 2520 transceiver module is further configured to send an action frame to the first device, where the action frame indicates a third reserved resource and indicates the first device continues in the first traffic in the third reserved resource, a start time of the third reserved resource is later than that of a completion time of a first reserved resource in the at least one first reserved resource, the action frame is sent before the completion time of the first reserved resource, and the transmission duration of the traffic volume of the first traffic is greater than the duration occupied by the first reserved resource. In an optional implementation, the first indication information further indicates that the first traffic is permitted contention-based access to partial frequency domain resources on at least one first reserved resource, and / or the first indication information further indicates that partial frequency domain resources on at least one first reserved resource are used to schedule or transmit the first traffic. In an optional implementation, the management frame is a beacon frame, an association response frame, a probe response frame, or an action frame. In an optional implementation, the first indication information is carried in a first element field and / or a silent element field included in the management frame. In an optional implementation, there are N silent element fields, and the N silent element fields correspond one-to-one to the first N reserved resources. In an optional implementation, the management frame includes a resource reservation element field and a silent element field. If the first device is a legacy terminal, the 2510 processing module is configured to perform silencing based on a silent interval specified by the silent element field. If the first device is a non-legacy terminal, the 2510 processing module is configured to set at least one first resource reservation based on a silent interval specified by the silent element field. In an optional implementation, the communication appliance is an AP located in an AP coordination group. The first traffic includes traffic between the communication appliance and a primary AP. The 2510 processing module is further configured to determine that a time when a management frame is sent is TB+ mx Tr, where TB is a time when the primary AP sends a management frame, and m is an integer greater than or equal to 0; and / or the 2510 processing module is further configured to determine that a resource reservation period for a cell served by the communication appliance is set to Tr. It should be understood that the 2510 processing module in this modality of this application can be implemented as a processor or a processor-related circuit component, and the 2520 transceiver module can be implemented using a transceiver, a transceiver-related circuit component, or a communication interface. Figure 26 shows a 2600 communication device according to one modality of this application. The 2600 communication device may be an AP and may implement functions of the first AP using the methods provided in the modalities of this application. Alternatively, the 2600 communication device may be an AP or a STA and may implement functions of the first device using the methods provided in the modalities of this application. Alternatively, the 2600 communication device may be a device that can support the first AP in implementing corresponding functions using the methods provided in the modalities of this application, or a device that can support the first device in implementing corresponding functions using the methods provided in the modalities of this application. The 2600 communication device may be a chip or a system of chips.In this form of this application, the chip system may include a chip, or it may include a chip and another discrete component. In the hardware implementation, the 2520 transceiver module can be a 2610 transceiver. The 2600 communication appliance includes at least one 2620 processor, configured to implement or support the 2600 communication appliance in implementing functions of the first device or the first AP in the methods provided in the modalities of this application, for example, generating the management frame above. The processor may include a management frame identification component. The management frame identification component may further include a silent element field identification component and / or a resource reservation element identification field. When the management frame includes only a resource reservation element field, the 2600 communication appliance contends for a reserved resource indicated by the resource reservation element field.When the management frame includes a resource reservation element field and a silent element field, if the 2600 communication device is an EHT terminal, the 2600 communication device contends for the reserved resource indicated by the resource reservation element field; if the communication device is a legacy terminal, the communication device is silent for a period indicated by the silent element field. Specifically, the management frame identification component can be configured to use the channel access method provided in the modalities of this application. The communication device 2600 may additionally include at least one memory 2630, configured to store program instructions and / or data. The memory 2630 is coupled to the processor 2620. The coupling in this embodiment of this application may be indirect or a communication connection between devices, units, or modules in an electrical, mechanical, or other form, or is used for information exchange between devices, units, or modules. The processor 2620 may cooperate with the memory 2630. The processor 2620 may execute program instructions and / or data stored in the memory 2630, such that the communication device 2600 implements a corresponding method. At least one memory may be located in the processor. The 2600 communication unit may additionally include the 2610 transceiver, configured to communicate with another device using a transmission medium, so that one device in the 2600 communication unit can communicate with the other device. For example, when the communication unit is a terminal, the other device is a network device. Alternatively, when the communication unit is a network device, the other device is a terminal. The 2620 processor can send and receive data using the 2610 transceiver. The 2610 transceiver may be specifically a transceiver. The 2600 communication unit may additionally include a radio frequency unit. The radio frequency unit may be independent of the 2600 communication unit or integrated into it.Certainly, the 2610 transceiver may additionally include an antenna, for example, a remote antenna independent of the 2600 communication apparatus, or an antenna integrated into the 2600 communication apparatus. A specific connection method between the 2610 transceiver, the 2620 processor, and the 2630 memory is not limited in this application. In this application, the 2630 memory, the 2620 processor, and the 2610 transceiver are connected via a 2640 bus, as shown in Figure 26. A thick line is used to represent the bus in Figure 26. The connection method between components is merely an example for illustrative purposes and does not impose any limitation. Buses can be classified as address buses, data buses, control buses, and so on. For ease of expression, only a bold line is used to represent the bus in Figure 26, but this does not imply that there is only one type of bus. In this embodiment of this application, the 2620 processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field-programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, and may implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams described in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional or similar processor. The method steps described with reference to the embodiments of this application may be carried out and completed directly by a hardware processor, or they may be carried out and completed by using a combination of hardware and software modules on the processor. In this embodiment of the application, the 2630 memory can be non-volatile memory, for example, a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), or it can be volatile memory, for example, random-access memory (RAM). Memory is any other medium that can carry or store expected program code in the form of instructions or a data structure without being accessible by a computer, but is not limited to it. Memory in this embodiment of the application can alternatively be a circuit or any other device that can implement a storage function and is configured to store program instructions and / or data. It should be noted that the communication device in the above modalities can be a terminal, a circuit, a chip used in a terminal, or another combined component, component, or similar device that has a terminal function. When the communication device is a terminal, the transceiver module can be a transceiver and may include an antenna, a radio frequency circuit, and the like. The processing module can be a processor, for example, a central processing unit (CPU). When the communication device is a component that has a terminal function, the transceiver module can be a radio frequency unit, and the processing module can be a processor. When the communication device is a chip or a chipset, the transceiver module can be an input / output interface of the chip or chipset, and the processing module can be a processor of the chip or chipset. As a possible product form, the AP or STA described in this modality of this application may be further implemented by using the following components: one or more FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays), a PLD (programmable logic device), a controller, a state machine, gate logic, a discrete hardware component, any other suitable circuit, or any combination of circuits that can perform various functions described in this application. It should be understood that APs in various product forms have any function of APs in the modalities of the previous method. The details are not described again herein. STAs in various forms have any function of STAs in the modalities of the previous method. The details are not described again herein. One version of this application also provides a communication system. Specifically, the communication system includes an STA and an AP, or it may additionally include more APs and access network devices. For example, the communication system includes an STA and an AP configured to perform a function related to Figure 1, Figure 15, or Figure 16. The AP is configured separately to implement network-related functions as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 16, or Figure 17. The STA is configured to augment the STA functions as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 16, or Figure 17. For example, the STA can perform S601 to S604 in the mode shown in Figure 6. The AP can perform S601 to S604 in the mode shown in Figure 6. For another example, the STA can perform, for example, S2001 to S2006 in the mode shown in Figure 20. The AP can perform S2003, S2004, S2005, and S2006 in the mode shown in Figure 20. For another example, the STA can perform, for example, S2002 and S2004 in The AP can perform S2001 and S2003 in the mode shown in FIGURE 21. One variant of this application additionally provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes instructions. When the instructions are executed on a computer, the computer is weakened to carry out the method performed by the AP or STA in FIGURE 6, FIGURE 20, or FIGURE 21. One form of this application additionally provides a software product, including software code. When the software code is executed on a computer, the computer is enabled to carry out the method performed by the AP or STA in FIGURE 16, FIGURE 20, or FIGURE 21. One form of this application provides a system of chips. The system of chips includes a processor and may additionally include memory, and is configured to implement a function of the AP or STA as described above. The system of chips may consist of a single chip, or it may consist of a chip and another discrete component. In one embodiment of this application, a communication apparatus is provided, which includes a processor and an interface. The processor is configured to carry out the information processing method in any of the embodiments of the above method. It should be understood that the communication device can be a chip. The processor can be implemented in hardware or in software. When the processor is implemented in hardware, it can be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, or something similar. When the processor is implemented in software, it can be a general-purpose processor. A general-purpose processor is implemented by reading software code stored in memory. The memory can be integrated into the processor or located outside the processor and exist independently. It should be understood that the terms “system” and “network” can be used interchangeably in the modalities of this application. “At least one” means one or more, and “a plurality of” means two or more. “and / or” describes an association relationship between associated objects and indicates that three relationships are possible. For example, A and / or B can indicate the following three cases: A exists alone, both A and B exist, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character “ / ” generally represents an “or” relationship between associated objects. “At least one of the following items” or a similar expression thereof refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of singular items or plural items. For example, “at least one of a, b, oc” can represent: a, b, c, ayb, ayc, byc, oa, b, yc, where a, b, and yc can be singular or plural. Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, ordinal numbers such as “first” and “second” in the modalities of this application are to distinguish between a plurality of objects, but are not intended to limit an order, a sequence of time, priorities, or importance of the plurality of objects. For example, “first information” and “second information” are used simply to distinguish between different types of information, and do not indicate different pluralities, importance, or similarity between the two types of information. It should be understood that, in the modalities of this request, the sequence numbers of the processes described above do not signify execution sequences. The execution sequences of the processes must be determined based on the functions and internal logic of the processes, and should not constitute any limitation or implementation process for the modalities of this request. Furthermore, the term “for example” in the modalities of this request is used to represent an example or a description. Any modality or implementation solution described as an “example” in the modalities of this request should not be explained as being more preferred than another modality or implementation solution. That is, using the word “example” is intended to describe a concept in a specific way. All or some of the methods in the embodiments of this application can be implemented using software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When software is used to implement the embodiments, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the procedure or functions according to the embodiments of the present invention are all partially generalized. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, a computer network, a network device, user equipment, or other programmable apparatus.Computer instructions can be stored on a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, computer instructions can be transmitted from one site on the network, computer, server, or data center to another site on the network, computer, server, or data center via a wired connection (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, or digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless connection (e.g., infrared, radio, or microwave). The computer-readable storage medium can be any usable medium accessible by the computer, or a data storage device, such as a server or data center, that integrates one or more usable media.The usable medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., a removable disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., a digital video disc, or DVD), a semiconductor medium (e.g., an SSD), or similar. It is clear that a person skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from its scope. This application seeks to cover such modifications and variations, provided they fall within the scope of protection defined by the following claims and their equivalent technologies.

Claims

1. A channel access method, characterized in that it comprises: receiving, by means of a first device, a management frame from a first access point (AP), wherein the management frame comprises the first indication information, the first indication information indicates that the first traffic is permitted access on a contention-based basis to the first reserved resource, and the at least one first reserved resource comprises only one time-domain resource; and initiating, by means of the first device, channel access to the at least one first reserved resource, and transmitting the first traffic.

2. A channel access method, characterized in that it comprises: generating, by means of a first access point (AP), a management frame, wherein the management frame comprises the first indication information, the first indication information indicates at least one first reserved resource that the first traffic is allowed access to on a contention basis, and the at least one first reserved resource comprises only one time-domain resource; and sending, by means of the first AP, the management frame to a first device.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reserved time domain resource is the partial time domain resources between the target beacon transmission times TBTT.

4. The method according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first AP is an AP affiliated with a multilink MLD AP device, the first AP operates on a plurality of links, the first indication information indicates a time domain resource of one of the plurality of links, or the first indication information indicates partial time domain resources of a first link of the plurality of links.

5. The method according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that an interval Tr between two adjacent first reserved resources is determined on the basis of a first traffic delay requirement, and the duration occupied by each first reserved resource is determined on the basis of a first traffic volume.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Tr satisfies Tr< tdeiayl2, and tdeiay is a maximum delay allowed by the first traffic.

7. The method according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first indication information further indicates that the first traffic is permitted contention-based access to partial frequency domain resources in the at least one first reserved resource, and / or the first indication information further indicates that the frequency domain resources in the at least one first reserved resource are used to schedule or transmit the first traffic.

8. The method according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the management frame is a beacon frame, an association response frame, a probe response frame, or an action frame.

9. The method according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the management framework comprises a first element field and a silent element field.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the first indication information is carried in the first element field.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the quantity of the silent element field is N, and N silent intervals indicated by the N silent element fields correspond one to one to the at least one first reserved resource, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

12. The method according to any of claims 1, or 3 to 11, characterized in that the method further comprises: receiving, by the first device, an action frame from the first AP, wherein the action frame indicates a third reserved resource and indicates that the first device continues with the first traffic in the third reserved resource, a start time of the third reserved resource is later than that of a completion time of a first reserved resource in the at least one first reserved resource, the action frame is sent before the completion time of the first reserved resource, and the transmission duration of the first traffic volume is greater than the duration occupied by the first reserved resource.

13. The method according to any of claims 2 to 11, wherein the method further comprises: sending, by the first AP, an action frame to the first device, wherein the action frame indicates a third reserved resource and indicates that the first device continues with the first traffic in the third reserved resource, a start time of the third reserved resource is later than that of a termination time of a first reserved resource in the at least one first reserved resource, the action frame is sent before the termination time of the first reserved resource, and the transmission duration of the traffic volume of the first traffic is greater than the duration occupied by the first reserved resource.

14. The method according to any of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the management frame comprises a first element field and a silent element field, if the first device is a legacy terminal, the first device maintains silencing based on a silent interval indicated by the silent element field, or if the first device is a non-legacy terminal, the first device ignores a silent interval indicated by the silent element field, and carries out the transmission of the first traffic on at least one first reserved resource.

15. A communication apparatus, characterized in that the communication apparatus comprises a transceiver module and a processing module; the transceiver module is configured to receive a management frame from a first access point (AP), wherein the management frame comprises the first indication information, the first indication information indicates at least one first reserved resource that the first traffic is allowed access to on a contention-based basis, and the at least one first reserved resource that comprises only one time-domain resource; and the transceiver module is further configured to initiate channel access on the at least one first reserved resource determined by the processing module, and transmits the first traffic.

16. A communication apparatus, characterized in that the communication apparatus comprises a transceiver module and a processing module; the processing module is configured to generate a management frame, wherein the management frame comprises first indication information, the first indication information indicates at least one first reserved resource that the first traffic is allowed access to on a contention basis, and the at least one first reserved resource comprises only one time-domain resource; and the transceiver module is configured to send the management frame to a first device.

17. The communication apparatus according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the reserved time domain resource is the partial time domain resources between target beacon TBTT transmission times.

18. The communication apparatus according to any of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the first AP is an AP affiliated with a multilink device MLD AP, the first AP operates a plurality of links, the first indication information indicates a time domain resource of one of the plurality of links, or the first indication information indicates partial time domain resources of a first link of the plurality of links.

19. The communication apparatus according to any of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that an interval Tr between two adjacent first reserved resources 67 is determined on the basis of a first traffic delay requirement, and the duration occupied by each first reserved resource is determined on the basis of a first traffic volume.

20. The communication apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in that Tr< tdeiay / 2, and tdeiay is a maximum delay allowed by the first traffic.

21. The communication apparatus according to any of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that the first indication information further indicates that the first traffic is permitted contention-based access to partial frequency domain resources in the at least one first reserved resource, and / or the first indication information further indicates that the partial frequency domain resources in the at least one first reserved resource are used to schedule or transmit the first traffic.

22. The communication apparatus according to any of claims 15 to 21, characterized in that the management frame is a beacon frame, an association frame response, a probe frame response, or an action frame.

23. The communication apparatus according to any of claims 15 to 22, characterized in that the management frame comprises a first element field and a silent element field.

24. The communication apparatus according to claim 23, characterized in that the first indication information is carried in the first element field.

25. The communication apparatus according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the quantity of the silent element field is N, and N silent intervals indicated by the N silent element fields correspond one by one to the at least one first reserved resource, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

26. The communication apparatus according to any of claims 15, 17 to 25, characterized in that the transceiver module is further configured to: receive an action frame from the first AP, wherein the action frame indicates a third reserved resource and indicates that the first device continues the first traffic in the third reserved resource, a start time of the third reserved resource is later than that of a completion time of a first reserved resource in the at least one first reserved resource, the action frame is sent before the completion time of the first reserved resource, and the transmission duration of the traffic volume of the first traffic is greater than the duration occupied by the first reserved resource.

27. The communication apparatus according to any of claims 16 to 26, characterized in that the transceiver module is further configured to: send an action frame to the first device, wherein the action frame indicates a third reserved resource and indicates that the first device continues with the first traffic in the third reserved resource, a start time of the third reserved resource is later than that of a completion time of a first reserved resource in the at least one first reserved resource, the action frame is sent before the completion time of the first reserved resource, and the transmission duration of the traffic volume of the first traffic is greater than the duration occupied by the first reserved resource.

28. The communication apparatus according to any of claims 15 to 27, characterized in that the management frame comprises a resource reservation element field and a silent element field, if the first device is a legacy terminal, the processing module is configured to carry out silencing based on a silent interval indicated by the silent element field, or if the first device is a non-legacy terminal, the processing module is configured to carry out the transmission of the first traffic on at least one first reserved resource.

29. A chip, characterized in that the chip comprises at least one processor and an interface, the processor being configured to read and execute instructions stored in a memory and when the instructions are executed, the chip is permitted to carry out the method in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 14.

30. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, the computer program comprises program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer is enabled to carry out the method in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 14.

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