ARTIFICIALLY MADE POLYMER ARTICLES

Abstract

Use of porous metal oxide microspheres as light stabilizers for shaped artificial polymer articles, wherein the porous metal oxide microspheres are prepared by a process comprising forming a liquid dispersion of polymer nanoparticles and a metal oxide; forming liquid droplets from the dispersion; drying the droplets to provide polymer template microspheres comprising polymer nanospheres; and removing the polymer nanospheres from the template microspheres to provide the porous metal oxide microspheres.

Description

ARTIFICIALLY MADE POLYMER ARTICLES The present invention relates to the use of specific porous metal oxide spheres (e.g., microspheres) as light stabilizers for a shaped artificial polymer article, and the corresponding shaped artificial polymer articles and the corresponding extruded, cast, spun, molded or calendered polymer compositions. It has now been discovered that certain porous metal oxide spheres are particularly effective at stabilizing polymers against degradation, especially UV-induced degradation. Furthermore, these spheres have been found to exhibit a synergistic effect in stabilizing polymers when combined with other UV absorbers. The present invention relates in particular to the use of porous metal oxide spheres as light stabilizers for a shaped artificial polymer article, wherein the polymer is a synthetic polymer and / or a natural or synthetic elastomer and the porous metal oxide spheres comprise a metal oxide and are prepared, for example, by a process comprising forming a liquid dispersion of polymer particles (for example, nanoparticles) and a metal oxide; form liquid droplets of the dispersion; drying the liquid droplets to provide polymer template spheres (e.g., microspheres) comprising polymer spheres (e.g., nanospheres) and metal oxide; and removing the polymer spheres from the template microspheres to provide the porous metal oxide spheres, wherein the spheres have, for example, an average diameter of 0.5 pm to 100 pm, an average porosity of 0.10 to 0.80, and an average pore diameter of 50 nm to 999 nm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The disclosure described herein is illustrated by way of example, and not as a limitation, in the accompanying figures. For the sake of simplicity and clarity, the features illustrated in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some features may be exaggerated relative to other features for clarity. In addition, where deemed appropriate, reference labels have been repeated between figures to indicate corresponding or analogous elements. Figure 1 shows a general scheme for the preparation of porous microspheres according to one embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of a microsphere of PAPI Π / l 7Π7 / Β / Y polymer template, according to an embodiment of the invention. Figure 3 is an SEM image of a porous silica microsphere, according to one embodiment of the invention. Figure 4 is a representation of a spray drying process according to some embodiments of the invention. Figures 5 to 12 show transmission curves as results of UV measurement for the indicated application examples. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The porous metal oxide spheres, or photon balls, can be prepared using a sacrificial polymer template. In one embodiment, an aqueous colloidal dispersion containing polymer particles and a metal oxide is prepared, the polymer particles typically being on the nanoscale. The aqueous colloidal dispersion can be mixed with a continuous oil phase, for example, within a microfluidic device, to produce a water-in-oil emulsion. The aqueous emulsion droplets are prepared, collected, and dried to form spheres (typically on the microscale) containing polymer and metal oxide particles. The polymer particles (spheres) are then removed, for example, by calcination, to yield spherical metal oxide particles (spheres) exhibiting a high degree of porosity and pores that are typically on the nanoscale.The spheres can contain uniform pore diameters, as a result of the polymer particles being spherical and monodisperse. Figure 1 shows a general scheme for the preparation of the present porous microspheres. A drop of emulsion containing polymer and metal oxide nanospheres is dried to remove the solvent, yielding an assembled microsphere containing polymer nanospheres with metal oxide in the interstitial spaces between the polymer nanospheres (template or direct structure microsphere). The polymer nanospheres define the interstitial space. Calcination results in the removal of the polymer, yielding a present metal oxide microsphere with high porosity or void volume (inverse structure). Advantageously, the porous metal oxide spheres are sintered, resulting in a continuous solid structure that is thermally and mechanically stable. In some embodiments, droplet formation and collection occur within a microfluidic device. Microfluidic devices are, for example, narrow-channel devices that have a micrometer-scale droplet junction adapted to produce uniformly sized droplets connected to a collection reservoir. These devices, for instance, contain a droplet junction with a channel width of approximately 10 µm to approximately 100 µm. The devices are made, for example, of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and can be prepared, for example, by soft lithography. An emulsion can be prepared within the device by pumping a dispersed aqueous phase and a continuous oil phase at specified rates into the device, where mixing occurs to produce emulsion droplets. Alternatively, an oil-in-water emulsion can be employed. In some embodiments, vibrating nozzle techniques can be employed. In these techniques, a liquid dispersion is prepared, droplets are formed, and these droplets are dropped into a continuous-phase bath. The droplets are then dried, followed by polymer removal. Vibrating nozzle equipment is available from Büchi and comprises, for example, a syringe pump and a pulsation unit. The vibrating nozzle equipment may also include a pressure regulating valve. Polymer particles, for example, have an average diameter of around 50 nm to around 999 nm and are monodisperse. Suitable template polymers for spheres include thermoplastic polymers. For example, template polymers are selected from the group consisting of poly(meth)acrylic acid, poly(meth)acrylates, polystyrenes, polyacrylamides, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyethylene, polypropylene, polylactic acid, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl ethers, derivatives thereof, salts thereof, copolymers thereof, and combinations thereof.For example, the polymer is selected from the group consisting of polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, poly(n-butyl methacrylate), polystyrene, poly(chlorostyrene), poly(alpha-methylstyrene), poly(N-methylolacrilamide), styrene / methyl methacrylate copolymer, polyalkylated acrylate, polyhydroxyl acrylate, polyamino acrylate, polycyanoacrylate, polyfluorinated acrylate, poly(N-methylolacrilamide), polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate / ethyl acrylate / acrylic acid copolymer, styrene / methyl methacrylate / acrylic acid copolymer, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylcaprolactone, polyvinylcaprolactam, derivatives thereof, salts thereof, and combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, polymer templates include polystyrenes, including polystyrene and polystyrene copolymers. Polystyrene copolymers include copolymers with water-soluble monomers, for example, polystyrene / acrylic acid, polystyrene / poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate, and polystyrene / styrene sulfonate. The metal oxides present include oxides of transition metals, metalloids, and rare earth elements, for example, silica, titania, alumina, zirconium, ceria, iron oxides, zinc oxide, indium oxide, tin oxide, chromium oxide, mixed metal oxides, combinations thereof, and similar compounds. Metal oxides selected from the group consisting of silica, titania, alumina, and combinations thereof are preferred. The w / w (weight / weight) ratio of polymer particles with respect to metal oxide is, for example, from 0.1 / 1 to 10.0 / 1 or from 0.5 / 1 to 10.0 / 1. The continuous oil phase comprises, for example, an organic solvent, a silicone oil, or a fluorinated oil. According to the invention, "oil" means an organic phase immiscible with water. Organic solvents include hydrocarbons, for example, heptane, hexane, toluene, xylene, and the like, as well as alkanols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, etc. The emulsion droplets are collected, dried, and the polymer is removed. Drying is carried out, for example, by microwave irradiation, in a thermal oven, under vacuum, in the presence of a desiccant, or a combination thereof. The polymer can be removed, for example, by calcination, pyrolysis, or with a solvent (solvent removal). In some embodiments, calcination is carried out at temperatures of at least approximately 200°C, at least approximately 500°C, at least approximately 1000°C, from approximately 200°C to approximately 1200°C, or from approximately 200°C to approximately 700°C. The calcination time can be suitable, for example, from approximately 0.1 hours to approximately 12 hours or from approximately 1 hour to approximately 8.0 hours. In other embodiments, the calcination time can be at least approximately 0.1 hours, at least approximately 1 hour, at least approximately 5 hours, or at least approximately 10 hours. Alternatively, a liquid dispersion is formed comprising polymer and metal oxide nanoparticles with a dispersed oil phase and a continuous aqueous phase to form an oil-in-water emulsion. The oil droplets can then be collected and dried as if they were aqueous droplets. Alternatively, a liquid dispersion of polymer particles (e.g., nanoparticles) and metal oxide is prepared and spray-dried to form polymer template spheres (e.g., microspheres) without forming a liquid-in-liquid emulsion. In certain embodiments of spray-drying techniques, a liquid solution or dispersion is fed (e.g., pumped) to an atomizing nozzle associated with a compressed gas inlet. The feed is pumped through the atomizing nozzle to form liquid droplets. The droplets are surrounded by a preheated gas in an evaporation chamber, resulting in solvent evaporation to produce solid particles. The dried particles are carried by the drying gas through a cyclone and deposited in a collection chamber. The gases used include nitrogen and / or air.In one embodiment of a present spray drying process, a liquid feed contains a water or oil phase, polymer particles, and metal oxide. Polymer template spheres are provided, containing polymer spheres with metal oxide in the interstitial spaces between the polymer spheres. The polymer spheres define the interstitial spaces. Spray drying techniques include inkjet spray drying processes and equipment. In the present spray drying techniques, air can be considered a continuous phase with a dispersed liquid phase (a liquid-in-gas emulsion). In certain embodiments, spray drying comprises an inlet temperature of any of about 100°C, about 105°C, about 110°C, about 115°C, about 120°C, about 130°C, about 140°C, about 150°C, about 160°C, or about 170°C to any of about 180°C, about 190°C, about 200°C, about 210°C, about 215°C, or about 220°C.In some embodiments, a pumping rate (feed flow rate) of any of about 1 mL / min, about 2 mL / min, about 5 mL / min, about 6 mL / min, about 8 mL / min, about 10 mL / min, about 12 mL / min, about 14 mL / min or about 16 mL / min is employed, to any of about 18 mL / min, about 20 mL / min, about 22 mL / min, about 24 mL / min, about 26 mL / min, about 28 mL / min or about 30 mL / min. Spray-drying techniques are disclosed, for example, in US2016 / 0170091. Figure 4 is a representation of a spray drying process according to some embodiments of the invention. The spheres are spherical or spherical-like and, in certain embodiments, are on the micrometer scale, for example, having average diameters from about 0.5 micrometers (µm) to about 100 µm. The polymer particles used as a template are also spherical and, in certain embodiments, are on the nanometer scale and are monodisperse, with average diameters, for example, from about 50 nm to about 999 nm. The metal oxide used may also be in the form of particles, which may be on the nanometer scale. The metal oxide in the dispersion can be provided as metal oxide or it can be provided from a metal oxide precursor, for example, by a sol-gel technique. Drying the polymer / metal oxide droplets followed by polymer removal yields spheres with uniform voids (pores). Generally, in current processes, each droplet produces a single sphere. Pore diameters depend on the polymer particle size. Some shrinkage or compaction may occur after polymer removal, resulting in pore sizes that are somewhat smaller than the original polymer particle size—for example, about 10% to about 40% smaller. The pore diameters are uniform, as are the shape and size of the polymer particles. Pore ​​diameters can vary, in some embodiments, from around 50 nm to around 999 nm. The average porosity of the metal oxide spheres presented here can be relatively high. The average porosity of a sphere means the total pore volume as a fraction of the sphere's total volume. Average porosity can be referred to as volume fraction. In some embodiments, a porous sphere may have a solid core (center) where the porosity is generally directed towards the outer surface of the sphere. In other embodiments, a porous sphere may have a hollow core where a large portion of the porosity is directed towards the interior of the sphere. In still other embodiments, the porosity may be distributed throughout the entire volume of the sphere. In other embodiments, the porosity may exist as a gradient, with greater porosity towards the outer surface of the sphere and less or no porosity (solid) towards the center; or with less porosity towards the outer surface and greater or complete porosity (hollow) towards the center. For any porous sphere, the average sphere diameter is preferably greater than the average pore diameter, for example, the average sphere diameter is at least about 25 times, at least about 30 times, at least about 35 times, or at least about 40 times greater than the average pore diameter. nRRm η / ι znz / B / v In some embodiments, the ratio of average sphere diameter to average pore diameter is, for example, from any of about 40 / 1, about 50 / 1, about 60 / 1, about 70 / 1, about 80 / 1, about 90 / 1, about 100 / 1, about 110 / 1, about 120 / 1, about 130 / 1, about 140 / 1, about 150 / 1, about 160 / 1, about 170 / 1, about 180 / 1, about 190 / 1 to any of about 200 / 1, about 210 / 1, about 220 / 1, about 230 / 1, about 240 / 1, about 250 / 1, about 260 / 1, about 270 / 1, about 280 / 1, around 290 / 1, around 300 / 1, around 310 / 1, around 320 / 1, around 330 / 1, around 340 / 1 or around 350 / 1. Polymer template spheres comprising monodisperse polymer spheres can, when the polymer is removed, provide metal oxide spheres having pores that generally have similar pore diameters. The average diameter of the spheres (e.g., microspheres) can be from 0.5 pm to 100 pm, or from 1 pm to 75 pm, or from 4.5 pm to 9.9 pm. The average porosity of the spheres (e.g., microspheres) can be from 0.10 to 0.90, or from 0.10 to 0.80, or from 0.45 to 0.65. The average pore diameter of the spheres (e.g., microspheres) can be from 50 nm to 999 nm, from 50 nm to 800 nm, and from 220 nm to 300 nm. Certain embodiments refer to porous microspheres where the microspheres have an average diameter of 0.5 pm to 100 pm, an average porosity of 0.10 to 0.90 or 0.10 to 0.80 and an average pore diameter of 50 nm to 999 nm. Other embodiments refer to porous metal oxide microspheres having an average diameter of 1 pm to 75 pm, an average porosity of 0.45 to 0.65 and an average pore diameter of 50 nm to 800 nm. Additional embodiments refer to porous metal oxide microspheres having an average diameter of 4.5 pm to 9.9 pm; an average porosity of 0.45 to 0.65; and an average pore diameter of 220 nm to 300 nm. Without intending to limit oneself to any theory, it is believed that bulk samples of spheres exhibit absorption when the porosity and / or sphere diameter and / or pore diameter are within a certain range. The porous spheres comprise primarily metal oxide; that is, they may consist essentially of, or consist of, metal oxide. The amount of metal oxides in the microspheres can be, for example, from 50 to 99.9% by weight, depending on the weight of the microsphere. Certain embodiments have a lower limit of 60%, 70%, 90%, or 95% by weight. Advantageously, porous spheres (e.g., microspheres) can also be monodisperse. According to the invention, particle size is synonymous with particle diameter and is determined, for example, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) or transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The average particle size is synonymous with D50, meaning that half of the nARni η / ι znz / B / v population resides above this point and the other half below. Particle size refers to primary particles. Particle size can be measured using laser light scattering techniques, with dispersions or dry powders. Mercury porosimetry analysis was used to characterize the porosity of the microspheres. Mercury porosimetry applies controlled pressure to a sample immersed in mercury. External pressure is applied to force the mercury into the voids / pores of the material. The amount of pressure required to penetrate the voids / pores is inversely proportional to the size of the voids / pores. The mercury porosimeter generates pore size and volume distributions from the pressure data compared to the intrusion data generated by the instrument using the Washburn equation. For example, porous silica microspheres containing voids / pores with an average size of 165 nm have an average porosity of 0.8. The term "bulk sample" means a population of spheres. For example, a bulk sample of microspheres is simply a bulk population of microspheres, e.g., > 0.1 mg, > 0.2 mg, > 0.3 mg, > 0.4 mg, > 0.5 mg, > 0.7 mg, > 1.0 mg, > 2.5 mg, > 5.0 mg, > 10.0 mg, or > 25.0 mg. A bulk sample of spheres may be substantially free of other components. The terms "porous spheres" or "porous microspheres" may also refer to a bulk sample. The term can mean that it comprises, for example, a liquid dispersion of can be interpreted as a liquid dispersion comprising. The terms microspheres, nanospheres, droplets, etc., referred to herein, may mean, for example, a plurality of these, a collection of these, a population of these, a sample of these, or a bulk sample of these. The term micro or the expression micrometer scale means from about 0.5 pm to about 999 pm. The term nano or the expression nanometer scale means from about 1 nm to about 999 nm. The terms spheres and particles can be used interchangeably. The term monodisperse, with reference to a population of spheres or spherical particles, means particles that have generally uniform shapes and diameters. A present monodisperse population of microspheres or nanospheres, for example, may have 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% of the particles having diameters within ±7%, ±6%, ±5%, ±4%, ±3%, ±2%, or ±1% of the population average diameter. The removal of a monodisperse population of polymer spheres yields porous metal oxide spheres that have a corresponding population of pores that have an average pore diameter. The expression "substantially free of other components" means, for example, that it contains < 5%, < 4%, < 3%, < 2%, < 1% or < 0.5% by weight of other components. The articles "a" and "an" herein refer to one or more (e.g., at least one) of the grammatical object. Any range cited herein is inclusive. The expression "around" used throughout herein is used to describe and represent small fluctuations. For example, "around" can mean that the numerical value may be modified by ±5%, ±4%, ±3%, ±2%, ±1%, ±0.5%, ±0.4%, ±0.3%, ±0.2%, ±0.1%, or ±0.05%. The numerical values ​​modified by the expression "around" include the specific value identified. For example, "around 5.0" includes 5.0. Unless otherwise stated, all parts and percentages are expressed by weight. The weight percentage (% wt), unless otherwise stated, is based on a complete composition. A non-limiting set of embodiments of the invention relating to processes for preparing porous metal oxide spheres includes: In a first embodiment, a process for preparing porous metal oxide microspheres comprising a metal oxide is disclosed, wherein the process comprises forming a liquid dispersion of polymer nanoparticles and a metal oxide; forming liquid droplets from the dispersion; drying the liquid droplets to provide polymer template microspheres comprising polymer nanospheres and metal oxide; and removing the polymer nanospheres from the template microspheres to provide the porous metal oxide microspheres. In a second embodiment, a process according to the first embodiment, comprising forming a liquid dispersion of polymer nanoparticles and metal oxide, spray-drying the liquid dispersion to provide polymer template microspheres, and removing the polymer nanospheres from the template microspheres. In a third embodiment, a process according to the first embodiment, comprising forming the liquid droplets with a vibrating nozzle. In a fourth embodiment, a process according to embodiments 1 to 3, wherein the liquid droplets are aqueous droplets. In a fifth embodiment, a process according to embodiments 1 to 3, wherein the liquid droplets are oil droplets. In a sixth embodiment, a process according to embodiment 1, comprising providing a continuous phase and mixing the liquid dispersion with the continuous phase to form an emulsion containing dispersed liquid dispersion droplets. In a seventh embodiment, a process according to embodiment 6, comprising providing a continuous oil phase and mixing an aqueous dispersion with the continuous oil phase to form a water-in-oil emulsion containing aqueous droplets. In an eighth embodiment, a process according to embodiment 6, comprising providing a continuous aqueous phase and mixing an oil dispersion with the continuous phase to form an oil-in-water emulsion containing oil droplets. In a ninth embodiment, a process according to embodiments 6 to 8, comprising collecting the droplets. In a tenth embodiment, a process according to embodiment 9, comprising drying the droplets to provide polymer template microspheres comprising polymer nanospheres and metal oxide, and removing the polymer nanospheres from the template microspheres. In an eleventh form of realization, a process in accordance with the forms of realization 6 to ΠΑΑΠΙ Π / l 7Π7 / Β / Y 10, wherein drying the droplets comprises microwave irradiation, oven drying, vacuum drying, drying in the presence of a desiccant or a combination thereof. In a twelfth embodiment, a process according to embodiments 7 to 11, wherein the oily phase or dispersion comprises a hydrocarbon, a silicone oil, or a fluorinated oil. In a thirteenth embodiment, a process according to embodiments 6 to 12, wherein droplet formation occurs in a microfluidic device.In a fourteenth embodiment, a process according to embodiments 6 to 13, wherein the droplet formation occurs in a microfluidic device containing a droplet junction having a channel width of any of about 10 pm, about 15 pm, about 20 pm, about 25 pm, about 30 pm, about 35 pm, about 40 pm, about 45 pm to any of about 50 pm, about 55 pm, about 60 pm, about 65 pm, about 70 pm, about 75 pm, about 80 pm, about 85 pm, about 90 pm, about 95 pm or about 100 pm. A channel width of 10 pm to 100 pm is preferred. In a fifteenth embodiment, a process according to embodiments 13 or 14, comprising collecting the drops from the microfluidic device. In a sixteenth embodiment, a process according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the w / w ratio of polymer nanoparticles to metal oxide is from any of about 0.1 / 1, about 0.5 / 1, about 1.0 / 1, about 1.5 / 1, about 2.0 / 1, about 2.5 / 1 or about 3.0 / 1 to any of about 3.5 / 1, about 4.0 / 1, about 5.0 / 1, about 5.5 / 1, about 6.0 / 1, about 6.5 / 1, about 7.0 / 1, about 8.0 / 1, about 9.0 / 1 or about 10.0 / 1. A ratio of 0.1 / 1 to 10 / 1 is preferred. In a seventeenth embodiment, a process according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the polymer nanoparticles have an average diameter of any of about 50 nm, about 75 nm, about 100 nm, about 130 nm, about 160 nm, about 190 nm, about 210 nm, about 240 nm, about 270 nm, about 300 nm, about 330 nm, about 360 nm, about 390 nm, about 410 nm, about 440 nm, about 470 nm, about 500 nm, about 530 nm, about 560 nm, about 590 nm or about 620 nm to any of about 650 nm, about 680 nm, about 710 nm, about 740 nm, about 770 nm, around 800 nm, around 830 nm, around 860 nm, around 890 nm, around 910 nm, around 940 nm, around 970 nm or around 990 nm. In an eighteenth embodiment, a process according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of poly(meth)acrylic acid, poly(meth)acrylates, polystyrenes, polyacrylamides, polyethylene, polypropylene, polylactic acid, polyacrylonitrile, derivatives thereof, salts thereof, copolymers thereof and combinations thereof. nRRm η / ι ζπζ / β / υ In a nineteenth embodiment, a process according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of polystyrenes, for example, polystyrene copolymers such as polystyrene / acrylic acid, polystyrene / poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate, or polystyrene / styrene sulfonate. In a twentieth embodiment, a process according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the metal oxide is one or more of silica, titania, alumina, zirconia, ceria, iron oxides, zinc oxide, indium oxide, tin oxide, or chromium oxide. In a twenty-first embodiment, a process according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the porous microspheres have an average diameter of about 0.5 pm to about 100 pm, an average porosity of about 0.10 to about 0.90 or from about 0.10 to about 0.80, and an average pore diameter of about 50 nm to about 999 nm. In a twenty-second embodiment, a process according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the porous microspheres have an average diameter of about 1 pm to about 75 pm, about 2 pm to about 70 pm, about 3 pm to about 65 pm, about 4 pm to about 60 pm, about 5 pm to about 55 pm or about 5 pm to about 50 pm; For example, from any of around 5 pm, around 6 pm, around 7 pm, around 8 pm, around 9 pm, around 10 pm, around 11 pm, around 12 pm, around 1 pm, around 2 pm or around 3 pm to any of around 4 pm, around 5 pm, around 6 pm, around 7 pm, around 8 pm, around 9 pm, around 10 pm, around 11 pm, around midnight or around midnight. In a twenty-third embodiment, a process according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the porous microspheres have an average porosity of any of about 0.10, about 0.12, about 0.14, about 0.16, about 0.18, about 0.20, about 0.22, about 0.24, about 0.26, about 0.28, about 0.30, about 0.32, about 0.34, about 0.36, about 0.38, about 0.40, about 0.42, about 0.44, about 0.46, about 0.48, about 0.50, about 0.52, about 0.54, about 0.56, about 0.58, or about 0.60 to any of around 0.62, around 0.64, around 0.66, around 0.68, around 0.70, around 0.72, around 0.74, around 0.76, around 0.78, around 0.80 or around 0.90. In a twenty-fourth embodiment, a process according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the porous microspheres have an average pore diameter of any of about 50 nm, about 60 nm, about 70 nm, 80 nm, about 100 nm, about 120 nm, about 140 nm, about 160 nm, about 180 nm, about 200 nm, about 220 nm, about 240 nm, about 260 nm, about 280 nm, about 300 nm, about 320 nm, about 340 nm, about 360 nm, about 380 nm, about 400 nm, about 420 nm or about 440 nm to any of about 460 nm, nRRm η / ι ζπζ / β / υ around 480 nm, around 500 nm, around 520 nm, around 540 nm, around 560 nm, around 580 nm, around 600 nm, around 620 nm, around 640 nm, around 660 nm, around 680 nm, around 700 nm, around 720 nm, around 740 nmaround 760 nm, around 780 nm or around 800 nm. In a twenty-fifth embodiment, a process according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the porous microspheres have an average diameter of any of about 4.5 pm, about 4.8 pm, about 5.1 pm, about 5.4 pm, about 5.7 pm, about 6.0 pm, about 6.3 pm, about 6.6 pm, about 6.9 pm, about 7.2 pm or about 7.5 pm to any of about 7.8 pm, about 8.1 pm, about 8.4 pm, about 8.7 pm, about 9.0 pm, about 9.3 pm, about 9.6 pm or about 9.9 pm. In a twenty-sixth embodiment, a process according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the porous microspheres have an average porosity of any from about 0.45, about 0.47, about 0.49, about 0.51, about 0.53, about 0.55 or about 0.57 to any from about 0.59, about 0.61, about 0.63 or about 0.65. In a twenty-seventh embodiment, a process according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the porous microspheres have an average pore diameter of any of about 220 nm, about 225 nm, about 230 nm, about 235 nm, about 240 nm, about 245 nm or about 250 nm to any of about 255 nm, about 260 nm, about 265 nm, about 270 nm, about 275 nm, about 280 nm, about 285 nm, about 290 nm, about 295 nm or about 300 nm. In a twenty-eighth embodiment, a process according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the porous microspheres have an average diameter of any of about 4.5 pm, about 4.8 pm, about 5.1 pm, about 5.4 pm, about 5.7 pm, about 6.0 pm, about 6.3 pm, about 6.6 pm, about 6.9 pm, about 7.2 pm or about 7.5 pm to any of about 7.8 pm, about 8.1 pm, about 8.4 pm, about 8.7 pm, about 9.0 pm, about 9.3 pm, about 9.6 pm or about 9.9 pm; an average porosity of any of around 0.45, around 0.47, around 0.49, around 0.51, around 0.53, around 0.55 or around 0.57 to any of around 0.59, around 0.61, around 0.63 or around 0.65; and an average pore diameter of any of about 220 nm, about 225 nm, about 230 nm, about 235 nm, about 240 nm, about 245 nm or about 250 nm to any of about 255 nm, about 260 nm, about 265 nm, about 270 nm, about 275 nm, about 280 nm, about 285 nm, about 290 nm, about 295 nm or about 300 nm. In a twenty-ninth embodiment, a process according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the porous microspheres comprise any of PAPI n / l 7P7 / B / Y from about 60.0% by weight to about 99.9% by weight of metal oxide, for example, comprising any of about 60.0% by weight, about 64.0% by weight, about 67.0% by weight, about 70.0% by weight, about 73.0% by weight, about 76.0% by weight, about 79.0% by weight, about 82.0% by weight or about 85.0% by weight to any of about 88.0% by weight, about 91.0% by weight, about 94.0% by weight, about 97.0% by weight, about 98.0% by weight, about 99.0% by weight or about 99.9% by weight of metal oxide, depending on the total weight of the microspheres. In a thirtieth embodiment, a process according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the porous microspheres comprise from about 0.1% by weight to about 40.0% by weight of one or more light absorbers, for example, comprising from any of about 0.1% by weight, about 0.3% by weight, about 0.5% by weight, about 0.7% by weight, about 0.9% by weight, about 1.0% by weight, about 1.5% by weight, about 2.0% by weight, about 2.5% by weight, about 5.0% by weight, about 7.5% by weight, about 10.0% by weight, about 13.0% by weight, about 17.0% by weight, about 20.0% by weight, or about 22.0% by weight to any of about 24.0% by weight, about 27.0% by weight, about 29.0% by weight, about 31.0% by weight, about 33.0% by weight, about 35.0% by weight, about 37.0% by weight, about 39.0% by weight or about 40.0% by weight of one or more light absorbers, based on the total weight of the microspheres. In a thirty-first embodiment, a process according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the porous microspheres are monodisperse. In a thirty-second embodiment, a process according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the porous metal oxide microspheres are a bulk sample of microspheres. In a thirty-third embodiment, a process according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the removal of the polymer nanospheres from the template microspheres comprises calcination, pyrolysis, or solvent removal. In a thirty-fourth embodiment, a process according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the removal of the polymer nanospheres comprises calcining the template microspheres at temperatures of any of about 200°C, about 350°C, about 400°C, 450°C, about 500°C or about 550°C to any of about 600°C, about 650°C, about 700°C or about 1200°C for a period of any of about 0.1 h, 1 h, about 1.5 h, about 2.0 h, about 2.5 h, about 3.0 h, about 3.5 h, about 4.0 h, or any of about 4.5 h, about 5.0 h, about 5.5 h, about 6.0 h, or about 6.5 h, around 7.0 h, around 7.5 h, around 8.0 h, around 12 h.Alternatively, calcination can be at temperatures of at least around 200°C, at least around 500°C or at least around 1000°C, for a suitable period, for example, for at least around 0.1 hours, at least around 1 hour, at least around 5 hours or at least around 10 hours. Porous metal oxide spheres are preferably used at concentrations of 0.01 wt% to 40.0 wt% or 0.01 wt% to 20.0 wt%, depending on the weight of the formed synthetic polymer article. Other ranges include concentrations of 0.1 wt% to 20.0 wt% or 0.1 wt% to 10.0 wt%, or concentrations of 0.25 wt% to 10.0 wt% or 0.5 wt% to 10.0 wt%. Porous metal oxide microspheres can be used in combination with one or more UV absorbers, the UV absorbers being selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxyphenyltriazines, benzotriazoles, 2-hydroxybenzophenones, oxalanilides, cinnamates, and benzoates. One or more UV absorbers are preferably used at a concentration of 0.01% to 40.0% by weight, especially from 0.01% to 20.0% by weight, depending on the weight of the formed synthetic polymer article. A concentration of 0.1% to 20.0% by weight, especially from 0.1% to 10.0% by weight, is preferred. The benzotriazoles for combination with the porous metal oxide microspheres are preferably those of Formula (a) ΠΑΑΠΙ n / l 7Π7 / Β / Y 0T1 is a group of the formula Li is a divalent group, for example, -(CH2)n-, where n is in the range 1-8; T2 is hydrogen, Ci-Cisalkyl or is Ci-Cisalkyl that is substituted with COOTs, Ci-Cisalkoxy, hydroxyl, phenyl or Cz-Cisaciloxy; T3 is hydrogen, halogen, Ci-Cisalkyl, Ci-Cwalkoxy, C2-Cisaciloxy, perfluoroalkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms such as -CF3 or T3 is phenyl; Ts is Ci-Cisalkyl or C^Csoalkyl interrupted by one or more O and / or substituted with OH or with a —OOC- L1group Examples of such benzotriazoles are Tinuvin® PA 328 and Tinuvin® 326 and the corresponding UV absorbers provided in the list below. The 2-hydroxybenzophenones for combination with the porous metal oxide microspheres are preferably those of Formula (Ib) where Gi, Gz and G3 are independently hydrogen, hydroxy or Ci-Cisalkoxy. Examples of such 2-hydroxybenzophenones are Chimassorb® 81 and the corresponding UV absorbers provided in the list below. Oxalanilides for combination with porous metal oxide microspheres are preferably those of Formula (le) where G4, Gs, Ge and G? are independently hydrogen, Ci-Ci2alkyl or Ci-Ci2alkoxy. Examples of these are the corresponding UV absorbers provided in the list below. The cinnamates for combination with the porous metal oxide microspheres are preferably those of Formula (Id) nRRm η / ι ζπζ / β / υιλι (Id) where m is an integer from 1 to 4; G15 is hydrogen or phenyl; If m is 1, Gw is COO-G19; if m is 2, Gi6 is C2-Ci2alkan-dioxycarbonyl; if m is 3, Gis is C3-Ci2alkan-txoxycarbonyl; if m is 4, Gw is C4-Ci2alkan-tetraoxycarbonyl; G17 is hydrogen, CN or is COO-G19; Gw is hydrogen or methoxy; and G19 is Ci-Ci8alkyl. Examples of such cinnamates are Uvinul® 3035 and the corresponding UV absorbers provided in the list below. The benzoates for combination with the porous metal oxide microspheres are preferably those of Formula (le) (le) where k is 1 or 2; when k is 1, G20 is Ci-Ciealkyl, phenyl or phenyl substituted with Ci-Ci2alkyl and G21 is hydrogen; When k is 2, G20 and G21 together form the tetravalent group G22 and G24 are independently hydrogen or Oi-Csalkyl; and G23 is hydrogen or hydroxyl. Examples of such benzoates are the corresponding UV absorbers provided in the list below. The 2-hydroxyphenyltriazines for combination with porous metal oxide microspheres are preferably those of Formula (If) nRRm η / ι ζπζ / β / υ where Gs is Ci-Cisalkyl or is C4-Ciaalkyl that is interrupted by COO or OCO or O or is interrupted by O and substituted with OH; Gg, Gw, Gu and G12 are independently hydrogen, methyl, hydroxy or OGs; or the Formula (Ig) where R is Ci-Cizalkyl, (CH2-CH2-O-)n-R2; -CH2-CH(OH)-CH2-O-R2; or -CH(R3)-CO-O-R4; n is 0 or 1; R2 is Ci-Ci3alkyl or C2-C2oalkenyl or C6-Ci2aryl or CO-Ci-Ciealkyl; R3 is H or Ci-Csalkyl; and R4 is CiCi2alkyl or C2-Ci2alkenyl or Cs-Cecycloalkyl. Examples of such 2-hydroxyphenyltriazines are Tinuvin® 1577 and Tinuvin® 1600 and the corresponding UV absorbers provided in the list below. In the context of the definitions provided, which include R2, R3, or R4, alkyl is, for example, branched or unbranched alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, 2-ethylbutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, 1-methylpentyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, n-hexyl, 1-methylhexyl, n-heptyl, isoheptyl, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl, 1-methylheptyl, 3-methylheptyl, n-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 1,1,3-trimethylhexyl, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylpentyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, 1-methylundecyl, dodecyl, 1,1,3,3,5,5hexamethylhexyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl. An alkyl interrupted by more than one O is, for example, polyoxyalkylene such as a polyethylene glycol residue. An aryl group is generally an aromatic hydrocarbon radical, for example, phenyl, biphenyl, or naphthyl. In the context of the definitions indicated, alkenyl includes, among others, vinyl, ayl, isopropenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, isobutenyl, n-penta-2,4-dienyl, 3-methyl-but-2-enyl, n-oct-2-enyl, n-dodec-2-enyl, iso-dodecenyl, n-dodec-2-enyl, n-octadec-4-enyl. The halogen is primarily fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, especially chlorine. Cs-Cecycloalkyl is primarily cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl. Cs-Cisaciloxy is, for example, alkanoyloxy, benzoyloxy or alkenoyloxy such as acryloyloxy or methacryloyloxy. An example of the bivalent C2-Ci2alkan-dioxycarbonyl is -COO-CH2CH2-OCO-; An example of the trivalent C3-Ci2alkan-trioxycarbonyl is -COO-CH2-CH(OCO-)CH2-OCO-; An example of the tetravalent C4-Ci2alkan-tetraoxycarbonyl is (-COO-CH2)4C. Preferably, the one or more UV absorbers for combination with the porous metal oxide microspheres comprise one or more compounds selected from (i) to (Iv): i. 2-(3',5'-di-ter-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, ii. 2-(3',5'-di-ter-amyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, iii. 2-(3',5'-bis(a,a-dimethylbenzyl)-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, iv. 2-(3′-ter-butyl-2′-hydroxy-5′-(2-octyloxycarbonylethyl)phenyl)benzotriazole, v. 2,2'-methylene-b¡s[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbut¡l)-6-benzotr¡azole-2-ylphenol], vi. the transesterification product of 2-[3'-ter-but¡l-5'-(2-methoxycarbonylethyl)-2'-h¡droxyphenyl]- 2H-benzotriazole with polyethylene glycol 300, vii. 2-[2'-h¡droxy-3'-(a,a-dimethylbenzyl)-5'-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl]benzotr¡azole, viii. 5-tr¡fluoromet¡l-2-(2-h¡droxy-3-a-cum¡l-5-ter-oct¡lphen¡l)-2H-benzotriazole, ix. 2-(2'-h¡drox¡-5'-(2-hydroxy¡et¡l)phen¡l)benzot¡azole, x. 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-(2-methacryloyloxyethyl)phenyl)benzotriazole, xi. 2,4-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6-(2-hydroxy-4-alkyloxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, wherein alkyl is a mixture of Ce-alkyl groups (CAS No. 137759-38-7; 85099-51-0; 85099-50-9); xii. 2,4-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6-(2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine (No.° CAS 2725-22-6), xiii. 2,4-diphenyl-6-(2-hydroxy-4-[a-et¡lhexanoyloxyethyl]phenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, xiv. 2,4-b¡s(2-hydroxy-4-butyloxyphenyl)-6-(2,4-bis-butyloxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, xv. 2,4,6-tris(2-hydroxy-4-[1 -ethoxycarbonylethoxy]phenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, xvi. the reaction product of tris(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine with the mixture of α-chloropropionic stars (prepared from a mixture of Cy-Cgalcoholes isomers), nRRm η / ι ζπζ / υ xvii. 2-[4-(dodecyloxy / tridecylox¡-2-h¡droxypropoxy)-2-h¡drox¡phenyl]-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)1,3,5triazine, xviii. 2-{2-hydroxy-4-[3-(2-ethylhexyl-1 -oxy)-2-hydroxypropyloxy]phenyl}-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5triazine, xix. 2-(2-hydroxy¡-4-hexyloxy¡phen¡l)-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazlna, xx. 2-(3'-ter.butyl-5'-met¡l-2'-hydroxyphen¡l)-5-chloro-benzotriazole, xxi. 2-(3'-sec. butyl-5'-ter.butyl-2'-hydrox¡phen¡l)-benzotr¡azole, xxii.2-(3',5'-d¡-ter-butyl-2'-hydroxy¡phen¡l)-benzotr¡azole, xxiii. 2-(5'-ter.octyl-2'-hydroxy¡phenyl)-benzotr¡azole, xxiv. 2-(3'-dodecyl-5'-met¡l-2'-h¡drox¡phenyl)-benzotr¡azole, xxv. 2-(3'-ter.butyl-5'-(2-oct¡ loxycarbonylet¡l)-2'-hydroxyphen¡l)-5-chloro-benzotriazole, xxvi. 2-(5'-methyl-2'-hydrox¡phen¡l)-benzotr¡azole, xxvii. 2-(5'-ter.butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)-benzotriazole, the compound of the formula. 2-ethylhexyl-p-methoxycinnamate (CAS No. 5466-77-3), 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, xxxii. xxxiii xxxiv. XXXV. xxxvi. 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-dodecyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzophenone, ,xxxi. the compound of formula xxxvii. 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, ηααηι η / ι ζηζ / ε / γ ;er.biíS 5 xxxviii. the compound of the formula 10 15 xxxix. the compound of formula 20 xl. the compound of formula 25 xli. the compound of formula 30 xlii. the compound of the formula '§ □ φ $ \. 7) _______ LO / =\ X / =\ x ,λ / X / \ CM h --I / =\ ΐ (\ / )-° \\ / )-° ¿ (S \v__y \ xx ZI L =o =o S o „ =o =o —° \^o / ' O-Γ Vo —\ y / \^ \ X í \ X Λ i J \ 1 *, jv*· / / ' 5' «5 ' ' ' LO 3 1 \ / TXI Λ o ti / t NC\JU~ f ¿OQO ώ —O 5 [ ο xlii. the compound of the formula 0 10 c xliv. the compound of the formula (CH3)3C 15 y= H°—X (CH3)3C xlv. the compound of the formula ° ° xlvi. 20 25 .. xlvi. the compound of the formula 30 35 xlvii. the compound of the formula CN ko-c—k—CC) h / =\ / / \, 0 \ ,0 HJO—C1RH„„ Ib oo o—CH—CH-C4Hs-n C2H5 γ χ jOH N^NT if j N iQl^ 1 ^iO chψ II O—CH—c—0—0 N^NA ηααηι η / ι ζπζ / β / υ h xlviii. the compound of the formula σ xlix. the compound of formula 1. the compound of formula 0—CRHiq-n I b 1 oi ¡TN *0 c2h5 0 ch2ch2—0 C CH—c4h9 Y^OH ,Αθ o-c8h17 y^OH N^N ΐ if \h3 oo HX^CH, ΠΑΑΠΙ η / Ι 7Π7 / Β / ΥΙΙ liii. liv. the compound of the formula the compound of the formula the compound of the formula C£ C Iv. the compound of the formula CH, O I3II O—CH —C—o —C8H17-n and OH N^N OH r· JuNuk n-H17C8-O— C-CH-O O—CH —C—O—C8H17-n OO Eve. Dodecanodioic acid, 1,12-bis[2-[4-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2-yl)-3hydroxyphenox¡]et¡l]ester (N.° CAS 1482217-03-7) ΠΑΑΠΙ Π / l 7Π7 / Β / Υ ivii. iviii. the compound of the formula the compound of the formula In one embodiment, UV absorbers i - xx and xlvi are preferred. In a specific embodiment, UV absorbers i - iv, vi - x¡, x¡¡i - xviii, xx, xxiii - xxxix, xlvi are preferred; especially ii, iii, iv, vi, vii, viii, xx, xxv, xxxvii, xlvi. In a further embodiment, ix, xii, xiii, xix-xxiii, xxv-xxvíi, xxx-xxxvi, xl-xlv and xlvi are preferred; especially i, ii, iii, v, vi, viii, xii, xiii, xix, xx, xxii, xxiii, xxvi, xxx, xxxi, xxxiv, xxxvi, xl, xii, xlii, xliii, xliv, xlv, xlvi. The most preferred 2-hydroxyphenyltriazines are xii, xlviii and xlvi. 2-Hydroxyphenyltriazines, benzotriazoles, 2-hydroxybenzophenones, and benzoates are preferred, especially 2-hydroxyphenyltriazines, benzotriazoles, and 2-hydroxybenzophenones. Benzotriazoles and 2-hydroxybenzophenones are preferred, especially benzotriazoles. Specific examples of a synthetic polymer or a natural or synthetic elastomer for shaped artificial polymer articles are: 1. Polymers of monoolefins and diolefins, for example, polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polybut-1ene, poly-4-methylpent-1-ene, polyvinylcyclohexane, polyisoprene or polybutadiene, polyhexene, polyoctene, as well as polymers of cycloolefins, for example, cyclopentene, cyclohexene, cyclooctene or norbornene, polyethylene (which may be optionally crosslinked), for example, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), high-density high-molecular-weight polyethylene (HDPE-HMW), ultra-high-density high-molecular-weight polyethylene (HDPE-UHMW), medium-density polyethylene (MDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), (VLDPE) and (ULDPE). Polyolefins, that is, the polymers of monoolefins exemplified in the previous paragraph, preferably polyethylene and polypropylene, can be prepared by different methods, and especially by the following: a) radical polymerization (usually at high pressure and high temperature). b) Catalytic polymerization with a catalyst that typically contains one or more metals from groups IVb, Vb, Vlb, or VIII of the Periodic Table. These metals usually have one or more ligands, generally oxides, halides, alcoholates, esters, ethers, amines, alkyls, alkenyls, and / or aryls with π or σ coordination. These metal complexes may be in free form or fixed to substrates, typically activated magnesium chloride, titanium(III) chloride, alumina, or silicon oxide. These catalysts may be soluble or insoluble in the polymerization medium. The catalysts can be used alone in the polymerization or additional activators can be used, usually metal alkyls, metal hydrides, metal alkyl halides, metal alkyl oxides or metal alkyloxanes, where such metals are elements of groups Ia, Ia and / or Libya of the Periodic Table.The activators can be conveniently modified with additional ester, ether, amine, or silyl ether groups. These catalyst systems are commonly referred to as Phillips, Standard Oil Indiana, Ziegler (-Natta), TNZ (DuPont), metallocene, or single-site catalysts (SSC). 2. Mixtures of the polymers mentioned in 1), for example, mixtures of polypropylene with polyisobutylene, polypropylene with polyethylene (for example, PP / HDPE, PP / LDPE) and mixtures of different types of polyethylene (for example, LDPE / HDPE). 3. Copolymers of monoolefins and diolefins with each other or with other vinyl monomers, for example, ethylene / propylene copolymers, linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) and mixtures of these with low-density polyethylene (LDPE), very low-density polyethylene, propylene / but-1-ene copolymers, propylene / isobutylene copolymers, ethylene / but-1-ene copolymers, ethylene / hexene copolymers, ethylene / methylpentene copolymers, ethylene / heptene copolymers, ethylene / octene copolymers, ethylene / vinylcyclohexane copolymers, ethylene / cycloolefin copolymers (for example, ethylene / norbornene-like COC), ethylene / 1-olefin copolymers, wherein the 1-olefin is generated in situ;propylene / butadiene copolymers, isobutylene / isoprene copolymers, ethylene / vinylcyclohexene copolymers, ethylene / alkyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene / alkyl methacrylate copolymers, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers or ethylene / acrylic acid copolymers and their salts (ionomers), as well as ethylene terpolymers with propylene and a diene such as hexadiene, dicyclopentadiene or ethylidene-norbornene; and mixtures of such copolymers with each other and with the polymers mentioned above in 1), for example polypropylene / ethylene-propylene copolymers, LDPE / ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers, LDPE / ethylene-acrylic acid (EAA) copolymers, LLDPE / EVA, LLDPE / EAA and alternating or random polyalkylene / carbon monoxide copolymers and mixtures of these with other polymers, for example polyamides.; 4. Hydrocarbon resins (e.g., C5-C9), including hydrogenated modifications thereof (e.g., tackifying agents) and mixtures of polyalkylene and starch. Homopolymers and copolymers of 1)–4) may have any stereostructure, including syndiotactic, isotactic, hemi-isotactic, or atactic; atactic polymers are preferred. Stereoblock polymers are also included. Copolymers of 1)–4) may be random or block copolymers, homophasic or heterophasic, or highly crystalline homopolymers. 5. Polystyrene, poly(p-methylstyrene), poly(a-methylstyrene). 6. Aromatic homopolymers and copolymers derived from aromatic vinyl monomers, which include styrene, α-methylstyrene, all vinyltoluene isomers, especially p-vinyltoluene, all ethylstyrene isomers, propylstyrene, vinylbiphenyl, vinylnaphthalene, and vinylanthracene, as well as mixtures thereof. The homopolymers and copolymers may have any stereostructure, including syndiotactic, isotactic, hemi-isotactic, or atactic; atactic polymers are preferred. Stereoblock polymers are also included. 6a. Copolymers, which include the above-mentioned aromatic vinyl monomers and comonomers, selected from ethylene, propylene, dienes, nitriles, acids, maleic anhydrides, maleimides, vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride or acrylic derivatives and mixtures thereof, for example, styrene / butadiene, styrene / acrylonitrile, styrene / ethylene (interpolymers), styrene / alkyl methacrylate, styrene / butadiene / alkyl acrylate, styrene / butadiene / alkyl methacrylate, styrene / maleic anhydride, styrene / acrylonitrile / methyl acrylate; high impact-strength mixtures of copolymers of styrene and another polymer, for example, a polyacrylate, a diene polymer or an ethylene / propylene / diene terpolymer; and styrene block copolymers such as styrene / butadiene / styrene, styrene / isoprene / styrene, styrene / isoprene / butadiene / styrene, styrene / ethylene / butylene / styrene or styrene / ethylene / propylene / styrene, HIPS, ABS, ASA, AES. 6b. Hydrogenated aromatic polymers derived from the hydrogenation of the polymers mentioned in 6.), which especially include polycyclohexylethylene (PCHE) prepared by hydrogenation of atactic polystyrene, often referred to as polyvinylcyclohexane (PVCH). 6c. Hydrogenated aromatic polymers derived from the hydrogenation of the polymers mentioned in 6a.). Homopolymers and copolymers can have any stereostructure, including syndiotactic, isotactic, hemi-isotactic, or atactic; atactic polymers are preferred. ΠΑΑΠΙ Π / I 7Π7 / Β / Υ include stereoblock polymers. 7. Graft copolymers of aromatic vinyl monomers, such as styrene or amethylstyrene, for example, styrene in polybutadiene, styrene in polybutadiene-styrene or polybutadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers; styrene and acrylonitrile (or methacrylonitrile) in polybutadiene; styrene, acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate in polybutadiene; styrene and maleic anhydride in polybutadiene; styrene, acrylonitrile and maleic anhydride or maleimide in polybutadiene; styrene and maleimide in polybutadiene; styrene and acrylates or alkyl methacrylates in polybutadiene; styrene and acrylonitrile in ethylene / propylene / diene terpolymers; styrene and acrylonitrile in polyalkyl acrylates or polyalkyl methacrylates, styrene and acrylonitrile in acrylate / butadiene copolymers, as well as mixtures of these with the copolymers listed in 6), for example the copolymer mixtures known as ABS, MBS, ASA or AES polymers. 8. Halogen-containing polymers, such as polychloroprene, chlorinated rubbers, chlorinated and brominated isobutylene-isoprene copolymer (halobutyl rubber), chlorinated or sulfochlorinated polyethylene, ethylene and chlorinated ethylene copolymers, epichlorohydrin homopolymers and copolymers, especially halogen-containing vinyl compound polymers, for example, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, as well as copolymers thereof, such as vinyl chloride / vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride / vinyl acetate, or vinylidene chloride / vinyl acetate copolymers. Polyvinyl chloride may be rigid or flexible (plasticized). 9. Polymers derived from α,β-unsaturated acids and derivatives thereof, such as polyacrylates and polymethacrylates; polymethyl methacrylates, polyacrylamides and polyacrylonitriles, impact modified with butyl acrylate. 10. Copolymers of the monomers mentioned in 9) with each other or with other unsaturated monomers, for example, acrylonitrile / butadiene copolymers, acrylonitrile / alkyl acrylate copolymers, acrylonitrile / alkoxyalkyl acrylate or acrylonitrile / vinyl halide copolymers or acrylonitrile / alkyl methacrylate / butadiene terpolymers. 11. Polymers derived from unsaturated amines and alcohols or the acetals or acyl derivatives thereof, for example, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl stearate, polyvinyl benzoate, polyvinyl maleate, polyvinyl butyral, polyallyl phthalate or polyallyl melamine; as well as their copolymers with the olefins mentioned above in 1). 12. Homopolymers and copolymers of cyclic ethers, such as polyalkylene glycols, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide or copolymers of these with bisglycidyl ethers. 13. Polyacetals, such as polyoxymethylene and those polyoxymethylenes containing ethylene oxide as a comonomer; polyacetals modified with thermoplastic polyurethanes, acrylates or MBS. 14. Polyphenylene sulfides and oxides, and mixtures of polyphenylene oxides with polyamides or styrene polymers. 15. Polyurethanes derived from polyesters, polybutadienes, or hydroxyl-terminated polyethers on the one hand and aliphatic or aromatic polyisocyanates on the other, as well as precursors thereof. Polyurethanes formed by the reaction of: (1) diisocyanates with short-chain diols (chain extenders) and (2) ΠΑΑΠΙ Π / I 7Π7 / Β / Υ diisocyanates with long chain diols (thermoplastic polyurethanes, TPU). 16. Polyamides and copolyamides derived from diamines and dicarboxylic acids and / or aminocarboxylic acids or the corresponding lactams, for example, polyamide 4, polyamide 6, polyamide 6 / 6, 6 / 10, 6 / 9, 6 / 12, 4 / 6, 12 / 12, polyamide 11, polyamide 12, aromatic polyamides from m-xylenediamine and adipic acid; polyamides prepared from hexamethylenediamine and isophthalic and / or terephthalic acid and with or without an elastomer as a modifier, for example, poly-2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene terephthalamide or poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide; and also block copolymers of the aforementioned polyamides with polyolefins, olefin copolymers, ionomers, or chemically bonded or grafted elastomers; or with polyethers, for example, with polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, or polytetramethylene glycol; as well as polyamides or copolyamides modified with EPDM or ABS; and polyamides condensed during processing (RIM polyamide systems). Polyamides may be amorphous. 17. Polyureas, polyimides, polyamideimides, polyetherimides, polyesterimides, polyhydantoins and polybenzimidazoles. 18. Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and diols and / or from hydroxycarboxylic acids or the corresponding lactones or lactides, for example, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, poly-1,4-dimethylolcyclohexane terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polyalkylene naphthalate and polyhydroxybenzoates, as well as copolyether esters derived from hydroxyl-terminated polyethers, and also polyesters modified with polycarbonates or MBS. For example, copolyesters may comprise, among others, polybutylene succinate / terephthalate copolymer, polybutylene adipate / terephthalate, polytetramethylene adipate / terephthalate, polybutylene succinate / adipate, polybutylene succinate / carbonate, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate / octanoate, terpolymer. poly-3-hydroxybutyrate / hexanoate / decanoate.Furthermore, aliphatic polyesters may include, by way of example and among others, the class of poly(hydroxyalkanoates), in particular poly(propiolactone), poly(butyrolactone), poly(pivalolactone), poly(valerolactone) and poly(caprolactone), polyethylene succinate, polypropylene succinate, polybutylene succinate, polyhexamethylene succinate, polyethylene adipate, polypropylene adipate, polybutylene adipate, polyhexamethylene adipate, polyethylene oxalate, polypropylene oxalate, polybutylene oxalate, polyhexamethylene oxalate, polyethylene sebacate, polypropylene sebacate, polybutylene sebacate, polyethylene furanoate and polylactic acid (PLA), as well as corresponding polyesters modified with polycarbonates or MBS.The term polylactic acid (PLA) refers to a homopolymer, preferably poly-L-lactide, and any mixtures or alloys thereof with other polymers; a copolymer of lactic acid or lactide with other monomers, such as hydroxycarboxylic acids, for example, glycolic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, 4-hydroxybutyric acid, 4-hydroxyvaleric acid, 5-hydroxyvaleric acid, 6-hydroxycaproic acid, and cyclic forms thereof; the term lactic acid or lactide includes L-lactic acid, D-lactic acid, mixtures and dimers thereof, i.e., L-lactide, D-lactide, mesolactide, and any mixtures thereof. PET, PET-G, and PBT are preferred polyesters. 19. Polycarbonates and polyester carbonates. Polycarbonates are preferably prepared by the reaction of bisphenol compounds with carbonic acid compounds, in particular phosgene or, in the melt transesterification process, diphenyl carbonate or dimethyl carbonate. PAAPI P / l 7P7 / B / Y Bisphenol A-based homopolycarbonates and copolycarbonates based on the monomers bisphenol A and 1,1-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane (bisphenol TMC) are particularly preferred. These and other bisphenol and diol compounds that can be used for the synthesis of polycarbonates are disclosed in, among others, WO08037364 (p. 7, line 21 to p. 10, line 5), EP1582549 (

[0018] to

[0034] ), WO02026862 (p. 2, line 23 to p. 5, line 15), and WO05113639 (p. 2, line 1 to p. 7, line 20). Polycarbonates can be linear or branched. Mixtures of branched and unbranched polycarbonates can also be used. Suitable branching agents for polycarbonates are known from the literature and are described, for example, in patent specification US4185009 and DE2500092 (3,3-bis-(4-hydroxyaryl-oxindoles according to the invention, see the entire document in each case), DE4240313 (see p. 3, lines 33 to 55), DE19943642 (see p.5, lines 25 to 34) and US5367044, as well as in the literature cited therein. The polycarbonates used may also be intrinsically branched, without any branching agent added here in the context of polycarbonate preparation. An example of intrinsic branching is the so-called Fries structures, as disclosed for fusion polycarbonates in EP1506249. Chain terminators may be used in the preparation of polycarbonate. Phenols, such as phenol, alkylphenols such as cresol and 4-tert-butylphenol, chlorophenol, bromophenol, cumylphenol, or mixtures thereof are preferably used as chain terminators. Polyester carbonates are obtained by reacting the aforementioned bisphenols with at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid and optionally equivalents of carbonic acid.Suitable aromatic dicarboxylic acids include, for example, italic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, 3,3'- or 4,4'-diphenyldicarboxylic acid, and benzophenone dicarboxylic acids. A portion, up to 80 mol%, preferably 20 to 50 mol%, of the carbonate groups in polycarbonates may be replaced with ester groups of aromatic dicarboxylic acid. 20. Polytones. 21. Polysulfones, polyethersulfones and polyetherketones. 22. Crosslinked polymers derived from aldehydes on the one hand and phenols, ureas and melamines on the other, such as phenol / formaldehyde resins, urea / formaldehyde resins and melamine / formaldehyde resins. 23. Drying and non-drying alkyd resins. 24. Unsaturated polyester resins derived from copolyesters of saturated and unsaturated dicarboxylic acids with polyhydric alcohols and vinyl compounds as crosslinking agents, and also halogen-containing modifications thereof of low flammability. 25. Crosslinkable acrylic resins derived from substituted acrylates, for example, epoxy acrylates, urethane acrylates or polyester acrylates. 26. Alkyd resins, polyester resins and acrylate resins crosslinked with melamine resins, urea resins, isocyanates, isocyanurates, polyisocyanates or epoxy resins. 27. Crosslinked epoxy resins derived from aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, heterocyclic or aromatic glycidyl compounds, for example, diglycidyl ether products of bisphenol A, bisphenol E and bisphenol F, which are crosslinked with common hardening agents such as anhydrides or amines, with or without accelerators. 28. Natural polymers, such as cellulose, rubber, gelatin and chemically modified homologous derivatives thereof, for example, cellulose acetates, cellulose propionates and cellulose butyrates, or cellulose ethers such as methylcellulose; as well as rosins and their derivatives. 29. Blends of the above-mentioned polymers (polyblends), for example PP / EPDM, polyamide / EPDM or ABS, PVC / EVA, PVC / ABS, PVC / MBS, PC / ABS, PBTP / ABS, PC / ASA, PC / PBT, PVC / CPE, PVC / acrylates, POM / PUR thermoplastic, PC / PUR thermoplastic, POM / acrylate, POM / MBS, PPO / HIPS, PPO / PA 6.6 and copolymers, PA / HDPE, PA / PP, PA / PPO, PBT / PC / ABS or PBT / PET / PC. 30. Natural or synthetic organic materials that are pure monomeric compounds or mixtures of such compounds, for example, mineral oils, fats, animal and vegetable oils and waxes, or oils, fats and waxes based on synthetic esters (for example, phthalates, adipates, phosphates or trimellitates) and also mixtures of synthetic esters with mineral oils in any weight ratios, generally those used as spinning compositions, as well as aqueous emulsions of such materials. 31. Aqueous emulsions of natural or synthetic rubber, for example, natural latex or latex of carboxylated styrene / butadiene copolymers. 32. Adhesives, for example, block copolymers such as SIS, SBS, SEBS, SEPS (S stands for styrene, I for isoprene, B for polybutadiene, EB for ethylene / butylene block, EP for polyethylene / polypropylene block). 33. Rubbers, for example, conjugated diene polymers, for example, polybutadiene or polyisoprene, copolymers of monoolefins and diolefins with each other or with other vinyl monomers, copolymers of styrene or α-methylstyrene with dienes or with acrylic derivatives, chlorinated rubbers, natural rubber. 34. Elastomers, for example, natural polyisoprene (natural rubber (NR) of cis-1,4-polyisoprene and gutta-percha of trans-1,4-polyisoprene), synthetic polyisoprene (IR for isoprene rubber), polybutadiene (BR for butadiene rubber), chloroprene rubber (CR), polychloroprene, neoprene, Baypren, etc., butyl rubber (copolymer of isobutylene and isoprene, IIR), halogenated butyl rubbers (chlorobutyl rubber: CIIR;bromobutyl rubber (BIIR), styrene-butadiene rubber (styrene-butadiene copolymer, SBR), nitrile rubber (butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer, NBR), also called Buna N rubbers, hydrogenated nitrile rubbers (HNBR) Therban and Zetpol, EPM (ethylene propylene rubber, a copolymer of ethylene and propylene) and EPDM rubber (ethylene propylene diene rubber, a terpolymer of ethylene, propylene and a diene component), epichlorohydrin rubber (ECO), polyacrylic rubber (ACM, ABR), silicone rubber (SI, Q, VMQ), fluorosilicone rubber (FVMQ), fluoroelastomers (FKM and FEPM) Viton, Tecnoflon, Fluorel, Atlas and Dai-EI, perfluoroelastomers (FFKM) Tecnoflon PFR, Kalrez, Chemraz, Perlast, polyether block amides (PEBA), chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM), (Hypalon), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), thermoplastic elastomers (TPE), the proteins resilin and elastin, polysulfide rubber, elastolefin, elastic fiber used in the production of; ΠΑΑΠΙ Π / l 7Π7 / Β / Υ fabrics. 35. Thermoplastic elastomers, for example, styrenic block copolymers (TPE-s), thermoplastic olefins (TPE-o), elastomeric alloys (TPE-v or TPV), thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU), thermoplastic copolyester, thermoplastic polyamides, reactor TPO (R-TPO), polyolefin plastomers (POP), polyolefin elastomers (POE). Thermoplastic polymers, such as polyolefins and their copolymers, are preferred. The shaped artificial polymer article of the present invention, for example, is prepared by one of the following processing steps: Injection blow molding, extrusion, blow molding, rotomolding, in-mold decoration (back-injection), drip molding, injection molding, co-injection molding, blow molding, forming, compression molding, resin transfer molding, pressing, film extrusion (molten film; blown film), fiber spinning (woven, non-woven), drawing (uniaxial, biaxial), annealing, deep drawing, calendering, mechanical transformation, sintering, co-extrusion, lamination, crosslinking (radiation, peroxide, silane), vapor deposition, welding, gluing, vulcanization, thermoforming, tube extrusion, profile extrusion, sheet extrusion;sheet casting, strapping, foaming, recycling / refinishing, viscous reduction (peroxide, thermal), fiber melt blowing, swivel joining, surface treatment (corona discharge, flame, plasma), sterilization (by gamma rays, electron beams), tape extrusion, pultrusion, SMC process or plastisol.; A further embodiment of the present invention is shaped artificial polymer articles, wherein the polymer is a synthetic polymer and / or a natural or synthetic elastomer and wherein the polymer contains porous metal oxide microspheres as defined herein. The definitions and preferences provided herein shall apply to such articles. It is preferred that the shaped artificial polymer article be an extruded, cast, spun, molded or calendered shaped artificial polymer article. Examples of articles according to the present invention are: 1-1) Floating devices, marine applications, pontoons, buoys, plastic wood for decks, docks, boats, kayaks, oars and beach reinforcements. I-2) Automotive applications, interior applications, exterior applications, in particular equipment, bumpers, dashboards, battery, rear and front trim, under-hood trim pieces, trunk rack, trunk liners, interior trim, airbag covers, electronic trim for accessories (lights), dashboard panels, headlight glass, instrument panel, exterior trim, upholstery, automotive lights, headlights, parking lights, taillights, brake lights, interior and exterior equipment; door panels; gas tank; front side glazing; rear windows; seat back, exterior panels, cable insulation, profile extrusion for sealing, trim, pillar covers, chassis parts, exhaust systems, fuel filter / filler, fuel pumps, tank of PAI PI / I 7P7 / B / Y fuel, side body moldings, convertible roofs, exterior mirrors, exterior equipment, fasteners / repairs, front module, glass, hinges, locking systems, luggage racks / roof racks, stamped / pressed parts, seals, side impact protection, sound damper / insulator and sunroof, door panel, consoles, instrument panels, seats, frames, coatings, reinforced automotive applications, fiber-reinforced automotive applications, filled polymer automotive applications, unfilled polymer automotive applications. I-3) Traffic devices, in particular signage signs, road signposts, car accessories, warning triangles, medical cases, helmets, tires. I-4) Devices for transport or public transport. Devices for airplanes, railways, motor vehicles (cars, motorcycles), trucks, light trucks, buses, trams, bicycles, including accessories. I-5) Devices for space applications, in particular rockets and satellites, for example, reentry shields. I-6) Devices for architecture and design, mining applications, acoustic silent systems, street shelters and refuges. 11- 1) Apparatus, cases and coverings in general and electrical / electronic devices (personal computer, telephone, portable telephone, printer, televisions, audio and video devices), flower pots, satellite television and panel devices. 11- 2) Coating for other materials, such as steel or textiles. II- 3) Devices for the electronics industry, in particular insulation for plugs, especially computer plugs, cases for electrical and electronic parts, printed boards and materials for the storage of electronic data such as chips, check cards or credit cards. II- 4) Household appliances, in particular washing machines, dryers, ovens (microwaves), dishwashers, blenders and irons. 11- 5) Covers for lights (e.g., streetlights, lampshades). 11- 6) Applications in wires and cables (semiconductors, insulation and cable sheathing). II- 7) Sheets for capacitors, refrigerators, heating devices, air conditioners, encapsulation of electronic products, semiconductors, coffee makers and vacuum cleaners. 111 -1) Technical items such as gears, sliding accessories, spacers, screws, bolts, handles and knobs. III -2) Rotor blades, fans and windmill vanes, solar devices, closets, cabinets, partition walls, slat walls, folding walls, roofs, blinds (e.g., roller blinds), fittings, pipe connections, sleeves and conveyor belts. III -3) Sanitary articles, in particular portable toilets, shower cubicles, toilet seats, covers and washbasins. ΠΑΑΠΙ Π / I 7Π7 / Β / Y III -4) Hygiene articles, in particular diapers (babies, adult incontinence), feminine hygiene articles, bath curtains, brushes, mats, bathtubs, portable toilets, toothbrushes and chamber pots. III -5) Pipes (crosslinked or not) for water, wastewater and chemicals, pipes for cable and wire protection, pipes for gas, oil and sewage, gutters, downpipes and drainage systems. III -6) Profiles of any geometry (window panels), cladding and plastering. III -7) Glass substitutes, in particular extruded plates, glazing for buildings (monolithic, twin or multi-wall), aircraft, schools, extruded sheets, window films for architectural glazing, trains, transport and sanitary articles. III -8) Boards (walls, cutting board), silos, wood substitutes, plastic wood, wood composites, walls, surfaces, furniture, decorative sheet, floor coverings (interior and exterior applications), floors, planks and tiles. III -9) Inlet and outlet collectors. 111 -10) Applications of cement, concrete and compositions, and coverings, plastering and coatings, railings, handrails, kitchen countertops, roof covering, roofing, tiles and tarpaulins. IV- 1) Plates (walls and cutting board), trays, artificial turf, AstroTurf, artificial cover for stadium tracks (athletics), artificial floor for stadium tracks (athletics) and tapes. IV- 2) Continuous and cut woven fabrics, fibers (carpets / hygiene articles / geotextiles / monofilaments; filters; wipes / curtains (blinds) / medical applications), coarse fibers (applications such as gowns / protective clothing), nets, ropes, cables, cords, strings, threads, safety belts, clothing, underwear, gloves; boots; rubber boots, underwear, garments, bathing suits, sportswear, umbrellas (parasols, sunshades), parachutes, paragliders, sails, balloon silk, camping articles, tents, air mattresses, deck chairs, bulk bags and handbags. IV- 3) Membranes, insulation, roof coverings and seals, geomembranes, tunnels, landfills, ponds, walls, roof membranes, geomembranes, swimming pools, pool liners, pool liners, pond liners, curtains (blinds) / sunscreens, awnings, canopies, wallpaper, food packaging and wrapping (flexible and solid), medical packaging (flexible and solid), airbags / seat belts, armrests and headrests, carpets, center console, dashboard, cabins, door, upper console module, door fittings, interior ceilings, interior lighting, interior mirrors, trunk shelf, rear luggage cover, seats, steering column, steering wheel, textiles and trunk fittings. V-1 ) Films (packaging, rigid packaging, garbage, laminate, bale wrapping, swimming pools, garbage bags, wallpaper, stretch film, raffia, desalination film, batteries and connectors. V-2) Agricultural films (greenhouse covers, tunnel, multiple tunnels, microtunnels, scrape and smother, multiple span, low tunnels, high tunnels, mulch, silage, silo bags, silo stretches, fumigation, air bubble, keder, solawrap, thermal, bale wrapping, stretched bale wrapping, nursery, film tubes), especially in the presence of intensive application of Agrochemicals; other agricultural applications (e.g., non-woven ground covers, nets (made of tapes, multiple filaments, and combinations thereof), tarpaulins). Such agricultural film can be a single-layer or multi-layer structure, usually made from three, five, or seven layers. This can lead to a film structure such as ABA, ABC, ABCBA, ABCBD, AB-CDCBA, AABCBAA. A, B, C, and D represent the different polymers and tackifying agents. However, adjacent layers can also be bonded together so that the final film article can be made from an even number of layers, i.e., two, four, or six layers, such as AABA, AABB, A-AB-AA, ABBAA, AABCB, AABCAA, and the like. V-3) Tapes V-4) Foams (sealing, insulation, barrier), sports and leisure mats. V-5) Sealants VI- 1) Food packaging and wrapping (flexible and solid), BOPP, BOPET, bottles. VI- 2) Storage systems such as boxes (drawers), luggage, chest, household boxes, pallets, containers, shelves, tracks, screw boxes, packages and cans. VI- 3) Cartridges, syringes, medical applications, containers for any transport, garbage cans and waste bins, garbage bags, bins, outdoor bins, garbage liners, wheeled bins, containers in general, tanks for water / waste water / chemicals / gas / oil / gasoline / diesel; tank liners, boxes, drawers, battery cases, troughs, medical devices such as pistons, ophthalmic applications, diagnostic devices and packaging for pharmaceutical ampoules. VII -1) Household items of any kind (e.g., appliances, thermal bottles / hangers), fastening systems such as plugs, wire and cable clamps, zippers, fasteners, locks and snap closures. VII -2) Support devices, leisure articles such as sports and fitness devices, gym mats, ski boots, inline skates, skis, Big Foot, sports surfaces (e.g., tennis courts); screw caps, lids and stoppers for bottles and cans. VII -3) Furniture in general, foam articles (cushions, shock absorbers), foams, sponges, kitchen towels, mats, garden chairs, stadium seats, tables, sofas, toys, construction kits (boards / figures / balls), playhouses, slides and play vehicles. VII -4) Materials for optical and magnetic data storage. VII -5) Kitchen utensils (eating, drinking, cooking, storing). VII -6) Boxes for CDs, cassettes and video tapes; DVD electronic items, office supplies of any kind (pens, stamps and ink pads, mice, shelves, caterpillars), bottles of any volume and content (beverages, detergents, cosmetics, including perfumes) and adhesive tapes. VII -7) Footwear (shoes / shoe soles), insoles, gaiters, adhesives, structural adhesives, food boxes (fruits, vegetables, meat, fish), synthetic paper, bottle labels, sofas, artificial (human) arthroplasties, printing plates (flexographic), printed circuit boards and display technologies. VII-8) Filled polymer devices (talc, chalk, china clay (kaolin), wollastonite, pigments, carbon black, TiO2, mica, nanocomposites, dolomite, silicates, glass, asbestos). A preferred article of man-made polymer is a film, pipe, cable, tape, sheet, container, frame, fiber, or monofilament. Another preferred embodiment of the present invention is a thin film, generally obtained by blow molding technology. A single-layer film or a multi-layer film of three, five, or seven layers is of particular interest. The most important application of thin plastic films in agriculture is as coverings for greenhouses and tunnels for growing crops in a protected environment. A further embodiment of the present invention is an extruded, cast, spun, molded, or calendered polymer composition comprising a synthetic polymer and / or a natural or synthetic elastomer and the porous metal oxide microspheres as defined herein. The definitions and preferences provided herein shall apply to such compositions. Porous metal oxide spheres are preferably present in the extruded, cast, spun, molded, or calendered polymer composition in an amount of 0.01 wt% to 40.0 wt%, especially from 0.01 wt% to 20.0 wt%, depending on the weight of the composition. A higher preference is a concentration of 0.1 wt% to 20.0 wt%, especially from 0.1 wt% to 10.0 wt%. A maximum preference is a concentration of 0.25 wt% to 10.0 wt%, especially from 0.5 wt% to 10.0 wt%. The extruded, melted, spun, molded, or calendered polymer composition and the shaped artificial polymer article may comprise at least one additional additive in an amount of 0.001% to 30%, preferably 0.005% to 20%, and in particular 0.005% to 10%, by weight, based on the weight of the extruded, melted, spun, molded, or calendered polymer composition or the article. Examples are listed below: Antioxidants 1.1. Alkylated monophenols, for example, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-dl-tert-butyl-4-n-butylphenol, 2,6-dl-tert-butyl-4-isobutylphenol, 2,6-dicyclopentyl-4-methylphenol, 2-(α-methylcyclohexyl)-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dloctadecyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4,6-tricyclohexylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxymethylphenol, nonylphenols that are linear or branched in the side chains, for example, 2,6-di-nonyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4-di-methoxymethylphenol l-6-(1 '-methylundec-1 '-yl)phenol, 2,4-dimethyl l-6-(1 '-methylheptadec-1 yl)phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-(1 '-methyltridec-1 '-yl)phenol and mixtures of these. 1.2. Alkylthiomethylphenols, for example, 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-methylphenol, 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-ethylphenol, 2,6-di-dodecylthiomethyl-4-nonylphenol. 1.3. Alkylated hydroquinones and hydroquinones, for example, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, 2,5-di-tertbutylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-amylhydroquinone, 2,6-diphenyl-4-octadecyloxyphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylstearate, bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)adipate. ηκαηι η / ι ζπζ / β / υ 1.4. Tocopherols, for example, a-tocopherol, β-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol and mixtures of these (vitamin E). 1.5. Hydroxylated thiodiphenyl ethers, for example, 2,2'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-thiobis(4-octylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-2-methylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(3,6-d-secamylphenol), 4,4'-bis(2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)disulfide. 1.6. Alkylidenebisphenols, e.g., 2,2'-methylenebis(6-ter-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(6-terbutyl-4-ethylphenol), 2,2'-met¡lenb¡s[4-meth¡l-6-(o-met¡lc¡l-clophenol,] 2,2'-methyleneb¡s(4-met¡l-6-cyclohex¡lphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(6-non¡l-4-meth¡lphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(4,6-d¡-ter-but¡lphenol), 2,2'-ethyl¡denb¡s(4,6-d¡-terbutiPhenol), 2,2'-ethyl¡denb¡s(6-ter-butyl-4-¡sobut¡lphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis[6-(a-met¡lbenc¡l)-4-lphenol,] 2,2'methyleneb¡s[6-(a,ad¡methylbenc¡l)-4-non¡lphenol], 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-d i-ter-butylphenol), 4,4'-methylenebis(6-terbuti l-2-methylphenol), -b¡s(5-ter-butyl-4-h¡droxy-2-meth¡lphen¡l)butane, 2,6-bis(3-ter-butyl-5-meth¡l-2- hydroxybenc¡l)-4-meth¡lphenol, 1,1,3-tris(5-ter-butyl¡ l-4-hydroxy-meth-2-lphenol, 1,1 -bis(5-ter-butyl-4-h hydrox¡-2methyl-phenyl)-3-n-dodec¡lmercaptobutane, ethylene glycol bis[3,3-bis(3'-ter-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)butyrate], bis(3-terbutyl-4-hydroxy-methyl-diphenyl-5,c¡)bis[2-(3'-ter-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-methylbenzyl)-6-ter-butyl-4methylphenyl]terephthalate, 1,1 -bis-(3,5-d¡met¡l-2-hydroxy¡phen¡l)butane, 2,2-bis(3,5-di-ter-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl-phenyl, 2,2-bis(5-ter-but¡l-4-h¡drox¡2-meth¡lphenyl)-4-n-dodec¡lmercaptobutane, 1,1,5,5-tetra-(5ter-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)pentane., 1.7. O-, N- and S-benzyl compounds, for example, 3,5,3',5'-tetra-ter-butyl-4,4'-dih¡droxidibenzyl ether, octadecyl-4-h¡drox¡-3,5-d¡methylbenc¡lmercaptoacetate, tridecyl-4-hydroxy-3,5-hydroxy-ether butylbenzylmercaptoacetate, tris(3,5-di-ter-butyl-4-hydroxy¡benzyl)amine, bls(4-ter-butyl-3-h¡drox¡-2,6dimethylbenzyl)dithioterephthalate, bis(3,5-di-ter-butyl-4-hl¡benzyl)sulfide isooctyl-3,5-di-ter-butyl-4hydroxybenzylmercaptoacetate. 1.8. Hydroxybenzyl malonates, e.g., dioctadecyl-2,2-bis(3,5-d¡-ter-but¡l-2hydroxybenzyljmalonate, di-octadecyl-2-(3-ter-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylbenzyl)malonate,2mercaptoethyl2 (3,5-di-ter-but¡l-4-h¡droxybenc¡l)malonate, bis[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl]-2,2-bis(3,5-d¡-ter-but¡I4-hydroxybenc¡l)malonate. 1.9. Aromatic hydroxybenzyl compounds, e.g., 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di-ter-but¡l-4-hydroxybenzyl)2,4,6-trimethylbenzene, 1,4-bis(3,5-d¡-ter-but¡l-4-h¡drox¡nobentramethyl,5,6-2 2,4,6-tris(3,5-d¡ter-butyl-4-hydrox¡benc¡l)phenol. 1.10. Triazine compounds. for example, 2,4-bis(octylmercapto)-6-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanilino)1,3,5-triazine, 2-octylmercapto-4,6-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanilino)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-octylmercapto-4,6bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-1,2,3-triazine, 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)¡cyanurate, 1,3,5-tris(4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy¡-2,6- dimethylbenzyljicyanurate, 2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di-tertbutyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)-hexahdro-1,3,5-triazine, 1,3,5-tr¡s(3,5-dic¡clohex¡l-4-hydroxy¡benzyl)¡soc¡anurate. 1.11. Benzylphosphonates, for example, dimethyl-2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate, diethyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate, dioctadecyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate, dioctadecyl-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzylphosphonate, the calcium salt of the monoethyl ester of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4 ΠΑΑΠΙ Π / I 7Π7 / Β / Υ hydroxybenzylphosphonic acid. 1.12. Acylaminophenols, for example, 4-hydroxylauranilide, 4-hydroxystearanilide, octyl N-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)carbamate. 1.13. Esters of 8-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid with monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, for example, with methanol, ethanol, n-octanol, i-octanol, octadecanol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, N,N'-bis(hydroxyethyl)oxamide, 3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol, trimethylolpropane, 4-hydroxymethyl-1-phospha-2,6,7-trloxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane. 1.14. Esters of B-(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)propionic acid with monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, for example, with methanol, ethanol, n-octanol, i-octanol, octadecanol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, N,N'-bis(hydroxyethyl)oxamide, 3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol, trimethylolpropane, 4-hydroxymethyl-1-phospha-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane; 3,9-bis[2-{3-(3ter-but¡l-4-hydroxy¡-5-methylphen¡l)prop¡on¡lox¡}-1,1-dimet¡leth¡l]-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecane. 1.15. Esters of 6-(3,5-dicyclohexyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)proponic acid with monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, for example, with methanol, ethanol, octanol, octadecanol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, N,N'-bis(hydroxyethyl)oxamide, 3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol, trimethylolpropane, 4-hydroxymethyl-1-phospha-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane. 1.16. Esters of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid with monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, for example, with methanol, ethanol, octanol, octadecanol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, N,N'-bis(hydroxyethyl)oxamide, 3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol, trimethylolpropane, 4-hydroxymethyl-1-phospha-2,6,7-trioxabcyclo[2.2.2]octane. 1.17. 6-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid amides, for example, N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)hexamethylenediamide, N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)hydrazide, N,N'-bis[2(3-[3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl]propionyloxy)ethyl]oxamide (Naugard®XL-1, provided by Uniroyal). 1.18. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) 1.19. Amine antioxidants, for example, Ν,Ν'-di-isopropyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-d¡-sec-but¡l-phenylenediamine, N,N'-bis(1,4-dimethylpentyl)-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-bis(1 -ethyl-phenylenediamine),-N,N'-bis(1 -ethyl-phenylenediamine) N,N'-bis(1-methylheptyl)-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-diciclohexyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-bis(2-naphthyl)-p-phenylenediamine, N-isopropyl-N'-phenylenediamine, N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-phenylenediamine, N-(1 -methyl heptyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-cyclohexyl-N'-phenyl-p-phen¡lenediamine, 4-(ptoluenesulfamoyl)diphenylamine, N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine, diphenylamine, Nalyldiphenylamine, 4-isopropoxydiphenylamine, N-phenyl-1 -naphthylamine, N-(4-ter-octylphenyl)-1 -naphthylamine, N-phenyl-2naphthylamine, diphenylamine, pore ocjelamine p,p'-di-ter-octyldiphenylamine, 4-n-butylaminophenol, 4butylaminophenol, 4-nonanoylaminophenol, 4-dodecanoylaminophenol, 4-octadecanoylaminophenol, bis(4 ΠΑΑΠΙ Π / l 7Π7 / Β / Υ methoxyphenyl)am¡na, 2,6-di-tert-but¡l-4-d¡methylam¡nomet¡lphenol, 2,4'-diaminod¡phen¡lmethane, 4,4'diaminodiphenylmethane, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-4,4'-d¡am¡nod¡phen¡lmethane, 1,2-bis[(2-methylphenyl)am¡no]ethane, 1,2-bis(phenylam¡no)propane, (o-tolyl)biguanide, bis[4-(1',3'-d¡met¡lbut¡l)phen¡l]amine, N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine teractyl, a mixture of ter-butyl / ter-octyldiphenylamines monoalquilated and dialquilated, a mixture of nonyldiphenylamines monoalquilated and dialquilated, a mixture of dodecyldiphenylamines monoalquiladas and dialquiladas, a mixture of isopropyl / isohexyldiphenylamines monoalquiladas and dialquiladas, a mixture of monoalquilated and dialquilated tert-butyldiphenylamines, 2,3-dihydro-3,3-d¡met¡l-4H-1,4-benzothiazine, phenothiazine, a mixture of monoalquilated and dialquilated tert-butyl / tert-octylphenothiazines, a mixture of teroctyl-phenothiazines monoalquiladas and dialquiladas, N-allylphenothiazine, N,N,N',N'-tetraphenyl-1,4-diaminobut-2eno. UV absorbers and light stabilizers 2.1. 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotrazoles, por ejemplo, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphen¡l)-benzotr¡azole, 2-(3',5'-di-terbutyl l-2'-hydroxyphen¡l)benzotr¡azole, 2-(5'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphen¡l)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy¡-5'-(1,1,3,3- tetramethylbutyl)phenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3',5'-di-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chloro-benzotriazole, 2-(3'-tert-butyl-2'hydrox¡-5'-methylphen¡l)-5-chloro-benzotnazole, 2-(3'-sec-butyl-5'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'hydroxy-4'-octyloxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3',5'-di-ter-amyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3',5'-bis-(a,adimethylbenzyl)-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3'-ter-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-(2-octyloxycarbonylethyl)phenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(3'-ter-butyl-5'-[2-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-carbonylethyl]-2'-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(3'-ter-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-(2-methoxycarbonylethyl)phenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy¡-5'-(2methoxycarbon¡ethyl)phen¡l)benzotnazole, 2-(3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-(2-octyloxycarbonylethyl¡l)phenyl)benzotriazole,2-(3'-tert-butyl-5'-[2-(2-ethylhexyloxy)carbonylethyl]-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3'-dodecyl-2'-hydroxyl-5'methylphenylbenzotriazole, 2-(3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-(2-isooctyloxycarbonylethyl)phenylbenzotriazole, 2,2'-methylenebis[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-6-benzotriazol-2-ylphenol]; the transesterification product of 2-[3'-tert-butyl5'-(2-methoxycarbon¡lethyl)-2'-hydroxy¡phenyl]-2H-benzotnazol with polyethylene glycol 300; [r - ch2ch - coo - CH2CH2-9, where R = 3'-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxy-5'-2H-benzotráazol-2-ylphenyl, 2-[2'hydroxy-3'-(a,adímethylbenzyl)-5'-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-pheníl]benzotrázole; 2-[2'-hydroxy¡-3'-(1,1,3,3tetramethylbut¡l)-5'-(a,ad¡methylbenzyl)-phen¡l]benzotriazole. 2.2. 2-hydroxybenzophenones, for example, the derivatives of 4-hydroxy, 4-methoxy, 4-octyloxy, 4-decyloxy, 4-dodecyloxy, 4-benzyloxy, 4,2',4'-trihydroxy and 2'-hydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxy. 2.3. Substituted and unsubstituted benzoic acid esters, for example, 4-tert-butyl-phenyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, octylphenyl salicylate, dibenzoylresorcinol, bis(4-tert-butylbenzoyl)resorcinol, benzoylresorcinol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-h¡drox¡benzoate, hexadecyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4hydroxybenzoate, octadecyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-h¡drox¡benzoate, 2-methyl-4,6-di-tert-butylphen¡l 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4hydroxybenzoate. 2.4. Acrylates, for example, ethyl acane-p,pdphenlacrlate, isooctyl a-cyano-pp-diphenylacrylate, methyl acarbomethoxycinnamate, methyl a-cyano-p-methyl-p-methoxycinnamate, butyl a-cyano-p-methyl-p-methoxycinnamate, methyl a-carbomethoxy-p-methoxycinnamate, N-(p-carbomethoxy-pc¡anov¡n¡l)-2-met¡l¡ndol¡na, neopentyl tetra(a πααπι η / ι ζηζ / Ε / γ cyano-pp-diphenylacrylate. 2.5. Nickel compounds, for example, nickel complexes of 2,2'-thio-bis[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol], such as the 1:1 or 1:2 complex, with or without additional ligands such as n-butylamine, triethanolamine or N-cyclohexyldiethanolamine, nickel dibutyldithiocarbamate, nickel salts of monoalkyl esters, for example, the methyl or ethyl ester, of 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzylphosphonic acid, nickel complexes of ketoximes, for example, of 2-hydroxy-4-methylphenylundecylketoxime, nickel complexes of 1-phenyl-4-lauroyl-5-hydroxypyrazole, with or without additional ligands. 2.6. Spherically hindered amines, for example, carbonic acid bis(1-undecyloxy¡-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperid¡l)ester, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperid¡l)sebacate, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)succinate, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)sebacate, bis(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)sebacate, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piper¡d¡l) n-butyl-3,5-di-tert-but¡l-4-hydroxybenzylmalonate, the condensate of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidine and succinic acid, linear or cyclic condensates of N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)hexamethylenediamine and 4-tert-octylamino-2,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)nitrilotriacetate, tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)-1,2,3,4-butantetracarboxylate, 1,1'-(1,2-ethanendiyl)-bis(3,3,5,5-tetramethylpiperazinone), 4-benzoyl-2,2,6,6tetramethylpiperidine, 4-stearyloxy¡-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidín, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl)-2-n-butyl-2(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-but¡lbenzyl)malonate,3-n-octyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1,3,8-triazaespiro[4,5]decane-2,4-dione, bis(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl)sebacate, bis(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl)succinate, linear or cyclic condensates of N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)hexamethylenediamine and 4-morpholino-2,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, the condensate of 2-chloro-4,6-bis(4-n-butylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl)-1,3,5-triazine and 1,2-bis(3-aminopropylamino)ethane, the condensate of 2-chloro-4,6-di-(4n-butylamino-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl)-1,3,5-triazine and 1,2-bis(3-aminopropylamino)ethane, 8-acetyl-3-dodecyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4,5]decan-2,4-dione, 3-dodecyl-1-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione, 3-dodecyl-1-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione, a mixture of 4-hexadecyloxy- and 4-stearylox¡-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiper¡dine, a condensate of N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6tetramethyl-4-piperídil)hexamethylenediamine and 4-cyclohexylamino-2,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, a condensate of 1,2-b¡s(3-aminoprop¡lam¡no)ethane and 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine as well as 4-butylamino-2,2,6,6tetramethylpiperidine (Reg. CAS No. [136504-96-6]); a condensate of 1,6-hexandiamine and 2,4,6-trichloro1,3,5-triazine as well as Ν,Ν-dibutylamine and 4-butylam¡no-2,2,6,6-tetramet¡lp¡perid¡na (Reg. CAS No. [192268-64-7]); N-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piper¡d¡l)-n-dodecylsucc¡n¡m¡da, N-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4piperidyl)-n-dodecylsuccinimida, 2-undecyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1-oxa-3,8-d¡aza-4-oxo-esp¡ro[4,5]decane, a reaction product of 7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-2-cicloundec¡l-1-oxa-3,8-d¡aza-4-oxoesp¡ro-[4,5]decane y epichlorhid r¡na, 1,1 -bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamet¡l-4-p¡per¡d¡lox¡carbonyl)-2-(4-methox¡phen¡l)ethene, N,N'-b¡s-form¡lN,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramet¡l-4-p¡per¡d¡l)hexamet¡lend¡amine, a diéster of 4-methoxymethylenemalonic acid with 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-h¡drox¡piper¡d¡na, poly[methylpropyl-3-oxy-4-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-p¡peridyl)]siloxane,a copolymer reaction product of anhydride-a-olefin of maleic acid with 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4aminopiperidine or 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-am¡nop¡perid¡na, 2,4-bis[N-(1 -cyclohexyloxy-2,2,6,6tetramethylpiper¡din-4-yl)-N-butylamino]-6-(2-h¡droxyethyl)amino-1,3,5-triazine, 1-(2-hidroxy-2-methylpropoxy¡)-4, ΠΑΑΠΙ Π / I 7Π7 / Β / Υ octadecanoyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 5-(2-ethylhexano¡l)ox¡met¡l-3,3,5-tr¡methyl-2-morphol¡nona, Sanduvor (Clariant; CAS Reg. N.° 106917-31-1], 5-(2-ethylhexane¡l)ox¡methyl-3,3,5-tr¡methyl-2-morphol¡nona, the reaction product of 2,4-bis[(1 -cyclohexiloxi-2,2,6,6-piperidin-4-yl)butylamino]-6-chloro-s-triazine with N,N'-bis(3-aminopropyl)ethylenediamine), 1,3,5-tris(N-cyclohexyl-N-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperazin-3-on-4yl)amino)-s-triazine, 1,3,5-tris(N-cyclohexyl-N-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamet¡lpiperazin-3-on-4-yl)amino)-s-triazine, nRRm η / ι ζπζ / β / υ 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine, reaction products of N,N'-1,6-hexandiylbis[N',Nd¡butyl-N,N',Ntris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl)- with 3-bromo-1-propene, oxidized, hydrogenated, 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6triamine, N,N'-1,6-hexand¡lb¡s[N',N-dibut¡lN,N',N-tr¡s(2,2,6,6-tetramet¡l-4-piper¡d¡n¡l)-, 4-piperidinol, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-(undecyloxy¡)-, 4,4'-carbonate, 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine, N2,N2'-1,6hexandylbis[N4,N6-dibutyl-N2,N4,N6tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-pyridine)-, N-allyl derivatives, oxidized, hydrogenated and combinations thereof. 2.7. Oxamides, for example, 4,4'-dioctyloxyoxanilide, 2,2'-didethoxyoxanilide, 2,2'-dioctyloxy-5,5'-di-tert-butoxanilide, 2,2'-didodecyloxy-5,5'-di-tert-butoxanilide, 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyloxanilide, N,N'-bis(3-dimethylaminopropyloxanilide), 2-ethoxy-5-tert-butyl-2'-ethoxanilide and its mixture with 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyl-5,4'-di-tert-butoxanilide, mixtures of o- and p-methoxy-substituted oxanilides and mixtures of o- and p-ethoxy-substituted oxanilides.2.8. 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazines, e.g., 2,4,6-tris(2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5,5 2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis(2-hydroxy-4-propyloxyphenyl)-6-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4octyloxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(4-methylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-dodecyloxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5triazine, 2-(2-h¡droxy-4-tridecyloxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphen¡l)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-[2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxy-3 butyloxypropoxy)phen¡I]-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethyl)-1,3,5,5,-triazine 2-[2-hydroxy-4-(2-h¡droxy-3-octyloxypropyloxy)phenyl]-4,6bis(2,4-dimethyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-[4-(dodecyloxy / tridecyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)-2-hydroxyphenyl]-4,6-bis(2,4dimethylphen¡l)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-[2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxy-3-dodecyloxypropoxy)phenyl]-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-hexyloxy)phenyl-4,6-diphen¡1-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4,6-diphen¡ 1-1,3,5triazine, 2,4,6-tris[2-hydroxy-4-(3-butoxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl]-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(4methoxylphenyl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine, 2-{2-h¡droxy-4-[3-(2-ethylhexyl-1-oxy)-2-hydroxypropyloxy]phenyl}-4,6-bis(2,4dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis(4-[2-ethylhexyloxy¡]-2-h¡drox¡phen¡l)-6-(4-methoxy¡phen¡l)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(4,6bis-biphenyl-4-11-1,3,5-triaz¡n-2-¡l)-5-(2-et¡l-(n)-hex¡lox¡)phenol; dodecanodioic acid, 1,12-bls[2-[4-(4,6-diphen¡l1,3,5-triaz¡n-2-¡l)-3-h¡drox¡phenoxy]et¡l] ester (CAS No. 1482217-03-7)., .Metal deactivators, e.g., Ν,Ν'-dlphenyloxamlda, N-salicylal-N'-saliclloyl hydrazine, N,N'-bis(sal¡c¡loyl)hydrazine, N,N'-bis(3,5-di-ter-but¡l-4-h¡hydroxyphenylhydrazine, 3-sal¡c¡lo¡lam¡no-1,2,4triazole, bis(benzylidene)oxalyl dihydrazide, oxanylide, isophthaloyl dihydrazide, sebacoyl bisphenylhydrazide, N,N'diacetyladipoyl dihydrazide, N,N'-bis(xyl)hydrazyl, dihydrazyl N,N'-bis(salicyloyl)thiopropionyl dihydrazide. Phosphites and phosphonites, for example, triphenyl phosphite, diphenylalkyl phosphites, phenyldialkyl phosphites, tris(nonylphenyl) phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, distearylopentaerythritol diphosphite, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, diisodecyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-dicumylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,6-diter-butyl-4-methylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, diphosphite of diisodecyloxypentaerythritol, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6methylphen¡l)pentaher¡tr¡tol diphosphite, bis(2,4,6-tris(tert-butylphenyl)pentaer¡tr¡tol diphosphite, triestearyl sorbitol triphosphite, tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) 4,4'-biphenylene, 6-isooctyloxy-2,4,8,10-tetra-tert-butyl-12Hdibenc[d,g]-1,3,2-dioxaphosphocine, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)methyl phosphite, bis(2,4-di-terbutyl-6-methylphenyl)ethyl, 6-fluoro-2,4,8,10-tetra-tert-butyl-12-methyl-dibenc[d,g]-1,3,2-dioxaphosphocin, 2,2',2nitrilo[triethyltris(3,3',5,5'-tetra-tert-butyl-1,1'-biphenes l-2,2'-dyl)phosphite], 2-ethylhexyl(3,3',5,5'-tetra-tert-butyl-1,1 blfen¡l-2,2'-d¡yl)phosphite, 5-butyl-5-eth¡l-2-(2,4,6-tr¡-ter-but¡lfenox¡)-1,3,2-dioxaphosphiran, phosphorous acid, mixed triesters of 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylprop¡l)phenol y 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenol (CAS No 939402-02-5), phosphorous acid, triphenyl ester, polymer with alpha-hydro-omega-hidroxipol¡[ox¡(methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)], C10-16 alkyl asteres (CAS N.° 1227937-46-3)., The following phosphites are especially preferred: Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite (lrgafos®168, Ciba Specialty Chemicals Inc.), tris(nonylphenyl) phosphite, ΠΑΑΠΙ η / Ι 7Π7 / B / Υ .Hydroxylamines, for example, N,N-dibenzylhydroxylamine, N,N-diethylhydroxylamine, N,N-dioctylhydroxylamine, N,N-dilaurylhydroxylamine, N,N-ditetradecylhydroxylamine, N,N-dihexadecylhydroxylamine, N,N-dioctadecylhydroxylamine, N-hexadecyl-N-octadecylhydroxylamine, N-heptadecyl-N-octadecylhydroxylamine, N,N-dialkylhydroxylamine derived from hydrogenated tallow amine. .Nitrones, for example, N-benzyl-alpha-phenylnitron, N-ethyl-alpha-methylnitron, N-octyl-alpha-heptylnitron, N-lauryl-alpha-undecylnitron, N-tetradecyl-alpha-tridecylnitron, N-hexadecyl-alpha-pentadecylnitron, Noctadecyl-alpha-heptadecylnitrone, N-hexadecyl-alpha-heptadecylnitrone, N-ocatadecyl-alpha-pentadecylnitrone, N-heptadecyl-alpha-heptadecylnitrone, N-octadecyl-alpha-hexadecylnitrone, nitrone derived from N,Ndialkylhydroxylamine derived from hydrogenated tallow amine. Thiosynerqists, for example, dilauryl thiodipropionate, dimystril thiodipropionate, distearyl thiodipropionate, pentaerythritol tetrakis[3-(dodecyl)proplonate] or distearyl disulfide. Peroxide scavengers, for example, β-thiodipropionic acid esters, for example, lauryl, stearyl, myristyl or tridecyl esters, mercaptobenzimidazole or the zinc salt of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole, zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate, dioctadecyl disulfide, pentaerythritol tetrakis(βdodeci I mercapto) propionate. Polyamide stabilizers, for example, copper salts in combination with iodides and / or phosphorus compounds and divalent manganese salts. Basic co-stabilizers, for example, melamine, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dicyandiamide, trialyl cyanurate, urea derivatives, hydrazine derivatives, amines, polyamides, polyurethanes, alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, for example, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium behenate, magnesium stearate, sodium ricinoleate and potassium palmitate, antimony pyrocatecholate or zinc pyrocatecholate. PVC thermal stabilizer, for example, mixed metal stabilizers (such as barium / zinc, calcium / zinc type), organotin stabilizers (such as mercaptoester, β-carboxylate, organotin sulfide), lead stabilizers (such as tribasic lead sulfate, dibasic lead stearate, dibasic lead phthalate, dibasic lead phosphate, lead stearate), organic base stabilizers and combinations thereof. Nucleating agents, for example, inorganic substances such as talc, metal oxides such as titanium dioxide or magnesium oxide, phosphates, carbonates or sulfates of, preferably, alkaline earth metals; organic compounds such as mono- or polycarboxylic acids and salts thereof, for example, 4-tert-butylbenzoic acid, adipic acid, diphenylacetic acid, sodium succinate or sodium benzoate; polymeric compounds such as ionic copolymers (ionomers). 1,3:2,4-bis(3',4'-dimethylbenzylidene)sorbitol, 1,3:2,4-di(paramethyldibenzylidene)sorbitol, and 1,3:2,4-di(benzylidene)sorbitol are particularly preferred. Fillers and reinforcing agents, for example, calcium carbonate, silicates, glass fibers, glass microspheres, asbestos, talc, kaolin, mica, barium sulfate, metal oxides and hydroxides, carbon black, graphite, wood flour and flours or fibers of other natural products, synthetic fibers. Plasticizer, wherein said plasticizer is selected from the group consisting of di(2-ethylhexyl phthalate), disononyl phthalate, diisodecyl phthalate, dipropylheptyl phthalate, trioctyl trimellitate, tri(isononyl) trimellitate, epoxidized soybean oil, di(isononyl) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate, 2,4,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentaediol diisobutyrate. The plasticizer as used according to the invention may also comprise one selected from the group consisting of: phthalates, trimellitates, aliphatic dibasic esters, polyesters, polymers, epoxides, phosphates. In a preferred embodiment, said plasticizer is selected from the group consisting of: butylbenzyl phthalate, butyl-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, diisohexyl phthalate, diisoheptyl phthalate, di(2-ethylhexyl phthalate), diisooctyl phthalate, di-n-octyl phthalate, disononyl phthalate, diisodecyl phthalate, diisoundecyl phthalate, diisotredecyl phthalate, diso(C11, C12, C13) phthalate, di(n-butyl phthalate), di(n-C7, C9) phthalate, di(n-C6, C8, C10) phthalate, diso(n-nonyl) phthalate, di(n-C7, C9, C11) phthalate, di(n-C9, C11) phthalate, di(n-undecyl phthalate), tri(n-C8, C10) trimellitate, tri(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate, tri(isooctyl) trimellitate, tri(isononyl) trimellitate, di(n-C7, C9) adipate, d¡(2-ethylhexyl) adipate,di(isooctyl) adipate, di(isononyl) adipate, adipinic acid or glutaric acid polyesters and propylene glycol or butylene glycol or 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, epoxidized oils such as epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized linase oil, epoxidized tall oil, epoxy octyl thalate, epoxy 2-ethylhexyl thalate, isodecyl diphenyl phosphate, tri(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate, di(isononyl) cyclohexan-1,2-dicarboxylate and combinations thereof. In a particularly preferred embodiment, said plasticizer is selected from the group consisting of: diisohexyl phthalate, diisoheptyl phthalate, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, diisooctyl phthalate, di-n-octyl phthalate, disononyl phthalate, diisodecyl phthalate, diisoundecyl phthalate, diisotredecyl phthalate, diiso(C11, C12, C13) phthalate, di(n-butyl) phthalate, di(n-C7, C9) phthalate, di(n-C6, C8, C10) phthalate, diiso(nonyl) phthalate, di(n-C7, C9,C11) phthalate, di(n-C9, 011) phthalate, di(n-undecyl phthalate), tri(n-C8, 010) trimellitate, tri(2-ethylhexyl trimellitate), tri(isooctyl trimellitate), tri(isononyl trimellitate), di(n-C7, 09) adipate, di(2-ethylhexyl), di(isooctyl) adipate, di(isononyl) adipate, polyesters of adipinic acid or glutaric acid and propylene glycol or butylene glycol or 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, epoxidized oils such as epoxidized soybean oil, di(isononyl) cyclohexan-1,2-dicarboxylate and combinations of these. 15. Other additives, for example, plasticizers, lubricants, emulsifiers, pigments, rheology additives, catalysts, flow control agents, optical brighteners, flame retardants, antistatic agents, and blowing agents. . Benzofuranones and indolinones, for example, those disclosed in US 4,325,863; US 4,338,244; US 5,175,312; US 5,216,052; US 5,252,643; DE-A-4316611; DE-A-4316622; DE-A4316876; EP-A-0589839, EP-A-0591102; EP-A-1291384 o 3-[4-(2-acetoxyethoxy)phenyl]-5,7-di-tertbutylbenzofuran-2-one, 5,7-di-tert-butyl-3-[4-(2-stearoyloxyethoxy)phenyl]benzofuran-2-one, 3,3'-bis[5,7-di-tertbutyl-3-(4-[2-hydroxyethoxy]phenyl)benzofuran-2-one], 5,7-di-tert-butyl-3-(4-ethoxyphenyl)benzofuran-2-one, 3-(4acetoxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-5,7-di-tert-butylbenzofuran-2-one, 3-(3,5-dimethyl-4-pivaloyloxyphenyl)-5,7-diterbutylbenzofuran-2-one, 3-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-5,7-di-tert-butylbenzofuran-2-one, 3-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)-5,7-di-tertbutylbenzofuran-2-one, 3-(2-acetyl-5-isooctylphenyl)-5-isooctylbenzofuran-2-one. In certain embodiments, the photonic material disclosed herein with UV absorption functionality can be coated onto or incorporated into a substrate, for example, plastics, wood, fibers or fabrics, ceramics, glass, metals and composite products thereof. The scope and significance of the invention will be best understood in light of the following examples, which are intended to illustrate certain ways of embodying the invention and are not limiting. Examples The UV measurements for Application Examples 1 to 19 are carried out as follows: The ultraviolet transmission spectrum was measured using a Varian 5000 UV-VisNIR dual-beam spectrophotometer. The plates to be measured were placed in the sample holder, and the transmitted light was measured by photodetector in 1 nm increments between 200 and 800 nm. The reference beam was not used. The 0% transmission reference was determined by blocking the photodetector from passing through the measurement beam. The 100% transmission reference was determined by allowing the beam to reach the photodetector without obstruction. Example of synthesis 1: Porous silica microspheres A styrene / acrylic acid copolymer is prepared as follows: 230 mL of deionized water (DI) is added to a three-necked reaction flask equipped with a thermometer, condenser, magnetic stirrer, and nitrogen atmosphere. The water is heated to 80°C, and 10 g of styrene is added with stirring, followed by 100 mg of acrylic acid dissolved in 10 mL of DI water using a syringe. 100 mg of ammonium persulfate is dissolved in 10 mL of DI water and added to the stirred mixture using a syringe. The reaction mixture is stirred for 24 hours at 80°C. The colloidal polymer dispersion is allowed to cool to room temperature and purified by centrifugation, yielding polystyrene nanospheres with an average particle size of 250 nm. The aqueous colloidal dispersion of polystyrene is diluted to 1 wt% with deionized water, and 1 wt% silica nanoparticles are added. The mixture is then sonicated to prevent particle agglomeration. A continuous oil phase contains 0.1 wt% polyethylene glycol / perfluoropolyether surfactant in a fluorinated oil. Both the aqueous colloidal dispersion and the oil are injected into a microfluidic device with a 50 µm droplet junction using syringes connected to pumps. The system is allowed to equilibrate until monodisperse droplets form. The monodisperse droplets are collected in a reservoir. The collected droplets are dried in an oven at 45°C for 4 hours to yield monodisperse polymer template microspheres. These polymer template microspheres are calcined by placing them on a silicon wafer, heating them from room temperature to 500°C for 3 hours, holding them at 500°C for 2 hours, and then cooling them back to room temperature for another 3 hours. The resulting monodisperse silica microspheres have an average diameter of 15 micrometers. Figure 2 and Figure 3 are scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of a ΠΑΑΠΙ Π / I 7Π7 / Β / Υ polymer template microsphere and a similarly prepared porous silica microsphere. Example of synthesis 2: Drying method Example 1 is repeated, where the drying stage employs microwave irradiation, vacuum drying and / or drying in the presence of a desiccant. Example of synthesis 3: Preparation of porous silica microspheres by spray drying A styrene / acrylic acid copolymer is prepared as follows: 230 mL of deionized water (DI) is added to a three-necked reaction flask equipped with a thermometer, condenser, magnetic stirrer, and nitrogen atmosphere. The water is heated to 80°C, and 10 g of styrene is added with stirring, followed by 100 mg of acrylic acid dissolved in 10 mL of DI water using a syringe. 100 mg of ammonium persulfate is dissolved in 10 mL of DI water and added to the stirred mixture using a syringe. The reaction mixture is stirred for 24 hours at 80°C. The colloidal polymer dispersion is allowed to cool to room temperature and purified by centrifugation, yielding polystyrene nanospheres with an average particle size of 250 nm. The aqueous colloidal dispersion of polystyrene is diluted to 1 wt% with deionized water, and 1 wt% silica nanoparticles are added. The mixture is then sonicated to prevent particle agglomeration. The aqueous dispersion is spray-dried to produce polymer template microspheres comprising polymer nanospheres and silica. The microspheres are calcined by heating from room temperature to 500°C for 3 hours, holding at 500°C for 2 hours, and then cooling back to room temperature for another 3 hours. Porous silica microspheres are obtained. Example of synthesis 4: Porous zinc oxide microspheres A sample of porous zinc oxide microspheres is prepared according to the procedure in Example 3, replacing the silica with zinc oxide and wherein the polystyrene nanospheres have an average particle size of 230 nm and a polymer-to-zinc oxide weight / weight ratio of 1:2. A 0.5 mg sample of porous microspheres is uniformly placed in a 10 mL clear glass vial having a bottom surface area of ​​6 cm². The sample exhibits a distinctive blue color to the human eye. Example of synthesis 5: Porous silica / titanium microspheres A sample of porous microspheres containing silica and titania is prepared according to the process in Example 1, wherein the w / w ratio of polymer to total metal oxide is 3:1. The w / w ratio of silica to titania is 9:1. Application Examples 1 to 3 Polypropylene powder (Profax 6301, melt flow rate 12 g / 10 min) is weighed into a 240 mL beaker. An antioxidant (Irganox B 215) and the porous silica microspheres from Synthesis Example 3 are weighed and mixed with the powder. The weights of the components for each sample are listed in Table 1 below. ΠΑΑΠΙ Π / I 7Π7 / Β / Y Table 1. Weight and concentration of components Example application: Polypropylene, g; Antioxidant, g; Porous silica microspheres, g. 1 49.95 0.05 — 2 49.7 0.05 0.25 3 49.2 0.05 0.75 ΠΑΑΠΙ Π / I 7Π7 / Β / Y The polymer mixture is placed in a CW Brabender Plasti-Corder preheated to 210°C and mixed for three minutes at 50 rpm to achieve a homogeneous melt. The molten polymer is then compression molded to a thickness of 250 µm at 218°C for three minutes at low pressure followed by three minutes at high pressure. The mold is then cooled in the compression molder for three minutes. A 5 cm x 5 cm square is cut from the sheet for UV-Vis measurement. The results of the UV measurements of Application Examples 1 to 3 are shown in Figure 5. As can be seen, the addition of the porous microspheres leads to a clear reduction in transmission. Irganox B215 is a mixture of the compounds in the formulas Application Examples 4 to 7 Polypropylene powder (Profax 6301, melt flow rate 12 g / 10 min) is weighed into a 240 mL beaker. An antioxidant (Irganox B 215), an ultraviolet light absorber (Tinuvin® PA 328), and the porous silica microspheres from Synthesis Example 3 are weighed and mixed with the powder. The weights of the components for each sample are listed in Table 2 below. Table 2. Weight and concentration of components Sample Number Polypropylene, 9 Antioxidant, 9 Ultraviolet Light Absorber, g Porous Silica Microspheres, g 4 49.95 0.05 — — 5 49.9 0.05 0.05 — 6 49.65 0.05 0.05 0.25 7 49.15 0.05 0.05 0.75 ΠΑΑΠΙ Π / l 7Π7 / Β / Y The polymer blend is placed in a CW Brabender Plasti-Corder preheated to 210°C and mixed for three minutes at 50 rpm to achieve a homogeneous melt. The molten polymer is then compression molded to a thickness of 250 µm at 218°C for three minutes at low pressure followed by three minutes at high pressure. The mold is then cooled in the compression molder for three minutes. A 5 cm x 5 cm square is cut from the sheet for UV-Vis measurement. The results of the UV measurements from Application Examples 4 to 7 are shown in Figure 6. As can be seen, the use of a mixture of porous microspheres with ultraviolet light absorber leads to a significant reduction in transmission, which can even be reduced to near zero in a certain wavelength range. Tinuvin® PA 328 is the compound of the formula Application Examples 8 and 9 Polypropylene powder (Profax 6301, melt flow rate 12 g / 10 min) is weighed into a 240 mL beaker. An antioxidant (Irganox B 215), an ultraviolet light absorber (Tinuvin® 326), and the porous silica microspheres from Synthesis Example 3 are weighed and mixed with the powder. The weights of the components for each sample are listed in Table 3 below. Table 3. Weight and concentration of components Sample Number Polypropylene, 9 Antioxidant, 9 Ultraviolet Light Absorber, g Porous Silica Microspheres, g 8 49.9 0.05 0.05 — 9 49.15 0.05 0.05 0.75 The polymer blend is placed in a CW Brabender Plasti-Corder preheated to 210°C and mixed for three minutes at 50 rpm to achieve a homogeneous melt. The molten polymer is then compression molded to a thickness of 250 µm at 218°C for three minutes at low pressure followed by three minutes at high pressure. The mold is then cooled in the compression molder for three minutes. A 5 cm x 5 cm square is cut from the sheet for UV-Vis measurement. The results of the UV measurements from Application Examples 8 to 9 are shown in Figure 7. As can be seen, the use of a mixture of porous microspheres with ultraviolet light absorber leads to a significant reduction in transmission, which can even be reduced to near zero in a certain wavelength range. Tinuvin 326® is the compound in the formula ΠΑΑΠΙ Π / l 7Π7 / Β / Y Application Examples 10 and 11 Polypropylene powder (Profax 6301, melt flow rate 12 g / 10 min) is weighed into a 240 mL beaker. An antioxidant (Irganox B 215), an ultraviolet light absorber (Chimassorb® 81), and the porous silica microspheres from Synthesis Example 3 are weighed and mixed with the powder. The weights of the components for each sample are listed in Table 4 below. Table 4. Weight and concentration of components Sample Number Polypropylene, g Antioxidant, g Ultraviolet Light Absorber, g Porous Silica Microspheres, g 10 49.9 0.05 0.05 — 11 49.15 0.05 0.05 0.75 The polymer mixture is placed in a CW Brabender Plasti-Corder preheated to 210°C and mixed for three minutes at 50 rpm to achieve a homogeneous melt. The molten polymer is then compression molded to a thickness of 250 µm at 218°C for three minutes at low pressure followed by three minutes at high pressure. The mold is then cooled in the compression molder for three minutes. A 5 cm x 5 cm square is cut from the sheet for UV-Vis measurement. The results of the UV measurements from Application Examples 10 and 11 are shown in Figure 8. As can be seen, the use of a mixture of porous microspheres with ultraviolet light absorber leads to a significant reduction in transmission, which can even be reduced to near zero in a certain wavelength range. Chimassorb® 81 is the compound in the formula Application examples 12 and 13 Polypropylene powder (Profax 6301, melt flow rate 12 g / 10 min) is weighed into a 240 mL beaker. An antioxidant (Irganox B 215), an ultraviolet light absorber (Tinuvin® PA 1577), and the porous silica microspheres from Synthesis Example 3 are weighed and mixed with the powder. The weights of the components for each sample are listed in Table 5 below. Table 5. Weight and concentration of the components ηκαηι η / ι ζηζ / Β / γ Sample Number Polypropylene, 9 Antioxidant, 9 Ultraviolet Light Absorber, g Porous Silica Microspheres, g 12 49.9 0.05 0.05 — 13 49.15 0.05 0.05 0.75 The polymer blend is placed in a CW Brabender Plasti-Corder preheated to 210°C and mixed for three minutes at 50 rpm to achieve a homogeneous melt. The molten polymer is then compression molded to a thickness of 250 g / m² at 218°C for three minutes at low pressure followed by three minutes at high pressure. The mold is then cooled in the compression molder for three minutes. A 5 cm x 5 cm square is cut from the sheet for UV-Vis measurement. The results of the UV measurements from Application Examples 12 and 13 are shown in Figure 9. As can be seen, the use of a mixture of porous microspheres with ultraviolet light absorber leads to a significant reduction in transmission, which can even be reduced to near zero in a certain wavelength range. Tinuvin 1577® is the compound of the formula Application examples 14 and 15 Polypropylene powder (Profax 6301, melt flow rate 12 g / 10 min) is weighed into a 240 mL beaker. An antioxidant (Irganox B 215), an ultraviolet light absorber (Uvinul® 3035), and the porous silica microspheres from Synthesis Example 3 are weighed and mixed with the powder. The weights of the components for each sample are listed in Table 6 below. Table 6. Weight and concentration of components ΠΑΑΠΙ Π / I 7Π7 / Β / Y Sample Number Polypropylene, g Antioxidant, g Ultraviolet Light Absorber, g Porous Silica Microspheres, g 14 49.9 0.05 0.05 — 15 49.15 0.05 0.05 0.75 The polymer mixture is placed in a CW Brabender Plasti-Corder preheated to 210°C and mixed for three minutes at 50 rpm to achieve a homogeneous melt. The molten polymer is then compression molded to a thickness of 250 µm at 218°C for three minutes at low pressure followed by three minutes at high pressure. The mold is then cooled in the compression molder for three minutes. A 5 cm x 5 cm square is cut from the sheet for UV-Vis measurement. The results of the UV measurements from Application Examples 14 and 15 are shown in Figure 10. As can be seen, the use of a mixture of porous microspheres with ultraviolet light absorber leads to a significant reduction in transmission, which can even be reduced to near zero in a certain wavelength range. Uvinul 3035® is the compound in the formula Application examples 16 and 17 Polyethylene powder (LDPE Microthene MN 700, melt flow rate 20 g / 10 min) is weighed into a 240 mL beaker. An antioxidant (Irganox B 215), an ultraviolet light absorber (Tinuvin® 326), and the porous silica microspheres from Synthesis Example 3 are weighed and mixed with the powder. The weights of the components for each sample are listed in Table 7 below. Table 7. Weight and concentration of components Sample number Polyethylene, g Antioxidant, g Ultraviolet light absorber, g Porous silica microspheres, g 16 49.9 0.05 0.05 — 17 49.15 0.05 0.05 0.75 The polymer blend is placed in a CW Brabender Plasti-Corder preheated to 210°C and mixed for three minutes at 50 rpm to achieve a homogeneous melt. The molten polymer is then compression molded to a thickness of 250 µm at 218°C for three minutes at low pressure followed by three minutes at high pressure. The mold is then cooled in the compression molder for three minutes. A 5 cm x 5 cm square is cut from the sheet for UV-Vis measurement. The results of the UV measurements from Application Examples 16 and 17 are shown in Figure 11. As can be seen, the use of a mixture of porous microspheres with ultraviolet light absorber leads to a significant reduction in transmission, which can even be reduced to near zero in a certain wavelength range. Application examples 18 and 19 Polyethylene powder (LDPE Microthene MN 700, melt flow rate 20 g / 10 min) is weighed into a 240 mL beaker. An antioxidant (Irganox B 215), an ultraviolet light absorber (Chimassorb® 81), and the porous silica microspheres from Synthesis Example 3 are weighed and mixed with the powder. The weights of the components for each sample are listed in Table 8 below. ΠΑΑΠΙ Π / l 7Π7 / Β / Y Table 8. Weight and concentration of components Sample number Polyethylene, g Antioxidant, g Ultraviolet light absorber, g Porous silica microspheres, g 18 49.9 0.05 0.05 — 19 49.15 0.05 0.05 0.75 The polymer blend is placed in a CW Brabender Plasti-Corder preheated to 210°C and mixed for three minutes at 50 rpm to achieve a homogeneous melt. The molten polymer is then compression molded to a thickness of 250 µm at 218°C for three minutes at low pressure followed by three minutes at high pressure. The mold is then cooled in the compression molder for three minutes. A 5 cm x 5 cm square is cut from the sheet for UV-Vis measurement. The results of the UV measurements from Application Examples 18 and 19 are shown in Figure 12. As can be seen, the use of a mixture of porous microspheres with ultraviolet light absorber leads to a significant reduction in transmission, which can even be reduced to near zero in a certain wavelength range. Elongation at break The application example samples can be exposed to an Atlas Weather-O-Meter (WOM, per ASTM G155, 0.35 W / m² at 340 nm, dry cycle) for accelerated light aging. Samples of the film samples are taken at defined time intervals after exposure and subjected to tensile testing. Residual tensile strength is measured using a Zwick® Z1.0 constant-speed tensiometer (per modified ISO 527) to assess the deterioration of the samples' mechanical properties due to polymer degradation following oxidation. For the samples in Application Examples 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, and 19, the retained elongation at break (as a percentage of initial elongation) after 1000 hours of treatment in WOM is greater than 50%.

Claims

1. Use of porous metal oxide microspheres as light stabilizers for a shaped artificial polymer article, wherein the polymer is a synthetic polymer and / or a natural or synthetic elastomer and the porous metal oxide microspheres comprise a metal oxide and are prepared by a process comprising forming a liquid dispersion of polymer nanoparticles and a metal oxide; forming liquid droplets from the dispersion; drying the liquid droplets to provide polymer template microspheres comprising polymer and metal oxide nanospheres; and removing the polymer nanospheres from the template microspheres to provide the porous metal oxide microspheres, wherein the microspheres have an average diameter of 0.5 pm to 100 pm, an average porosity of 0.10 to 0.80 and an average pore diameter of 50 nm to 999 nm.

2. The use according to claim 1, wherein the metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of silica, titania, alumina, zirconium, ceria, iron oxides, zinc oxide, indium oxide, tin oxide, chromium oxide and combinations thereof.

3. Use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the porous metal oxide microspheres comprise from 50.0% by weight to 99.9% by weight of metal oxide, depending on the total weight of the microspheres.

4. Use according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the porous metal oxide microspheres have an average diameter of 1 pm to 75 pm.

5. Use according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the porous metal oxide microspheres have an average porosity of 0.45 to 0.

65.

6. Use according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the porous metal oxide microspheres have an average pore diameter of 50 nm to 800 nm.

7. Use according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the porous metal oxide microspheres have an average diameter of 1 pm to 75 pm, an average porosity of 0.45 to 0.65 and an average pore diameter of 50 nm to 800 nm.

8. Use according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the porous metal oxide microspheres have an average diameter of 4.5 pm to 9.9 pm; an average porosity of 0.45 to 0.65; and an average pore diameter of 220 nm to 300 nm.

9. Use according to any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the porous metal oxide microspheres are used in a concentration of 0.01% by weight to 20.0% by weight, depending on the weight of the shaped artificial polymer article.

10. Use according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the porous metal oxide microspheres are used in combination with one or more UV absorbers, the UV absorbers being selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxyphenyltriazines, benzotriazoles, 2-hydroxybenzophenones, oxalanilides, cinnamates and benzoates.

11. Use according to claim 10, wherein the one or more UV absorbers are used in a concentration of 0.01% by weight to 20.0% by weight, depending on the weight of the formed artificial polymer article.

12. Use according to any of claims 1 to 11, wherein the shaped artificial polymer article comprises a hindered amine light stabilizer (HALS).

13. Use according to any of claims 1 to 12, wherein the shaped artificial polymer article is an extruded, melted, spun, molded or calendered shaped artificial polymer article.

14. Use according to any of claims 1 to 13, wherein the shaped artificial polymer article is a film, pipe, cable, tape, sheet, container, frame, fiber, or monofilament.

15. A shaped artificial polymer article, wherein the polymer is a synthetic polymer and / or a natural or synthetic elastomer and wherein the polymer contains porous metal oxide microspheres as defined in claim 1.

16. An extruded, melted, spun, molded or calendered polymer composition, wherein the polymer is a synthetic polymer and / or a natural or synthetic elastomer and wherein the polymer contains porous metal oxide microspheres as defined in claim 1.