Power supply device and method of power management

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a power supply device and a method of power management. The power supply device includes a power port, a first power supply port, a plurality of second power supply ports, a first power switch, a second power switch, a battery and a microcontroller. The power port is configured to receive input electrical energy, and the first power supply port and the plurality of second power supply ports are configured to be connected to a first powered device and a plurality of second powered devices respectively. The microcontroller obtains the input power of the input electrical energy and the total output power requirement of the first powered device and the second powered devices from the power port, the first power supply port and the second power supply ports and distributes the input electrical energy to power the first powered device and the second powered devices and to charge the battery, or selectively activate the battery to provide auxiliary electrical energy and distributes the input electrical energy and the auxiliary electrical energy to power the first powered device and the second powered devices.

Claims

1. A power supply device, comprising: A power interface, used to connect to an external power source to receive input power; A first power supply interface, used for connecting to a first powered device; a plurality of second power supply interfaces, configured to connect to a plurality of second powered devices; a first power switch, configured to connect the power supply interfaces and the first power supply interfaces; a second power switch connected to the plurality of second power supply interfaces and the first power switch; and a battery connected to the second power switch; A microcontroller is connected to the power interface, the first power interface, the plurality of second power interfaces, the first power switch, the second power switch, and the battery, and obtains the input power of the input electrical energy, calculates the total output power requirement of the first powered device and the plurality of second powered devices, and determines whether the input power is greater than the total output power requirement. When it is determined that the input power is greater than the total output power requirement, the microcontroller controls the first power switch and the second power switch to conduct, thereby transmitting the input electrical energy to the first power interface and the plurality of second power interfaces and charging the battery. When it is determined that the input power is not greater than the total output power requirement, the microcontroller controls the first power switch to turn off and the second power switch to conduct, thereby activating the battery to provide auxiliary electrical energy. The input electrical energy and the auxiliary electrical energy are combined to form output electrical energy, which is then transmitted to the first power interface and the plurality of second power interfaces.

2. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein: When it is determined that the input power is not greater than the total output power requirement and the input power is equal to the first load power requirement of the first powered device, the microcontroller controls the first power switch and the second power switch to be turned on, the input power is transmitted to the first power supply interface, and the auxiliary power is transmitted to multiple second power supply interfaces.

3. The power supply device according to claim 2, wherein: The battery has a battery capacity. When it is determined that the input power is not greater than the total output power requirement, or when it is determined that the input power is not greater than the total output power requirement and the input power is equal to the first load power requirement of the first power receiving device, the microcontroller determines whether the battery capacity is greater than the safe discharge capacity. When it is determined that the battery capacity is greater than the safe discharge capacity, the power supply device switches to a weak discharge mode; when it is determined that the battery capacity is not greater than the safe discharge capacity, the power supply device switches to a safe output mode, and the microcontroller reduces the first minimum receiving power of the first power supply interface and the second minimum receiving power of each of the second power supply interfaces, wherein the first minimum receiving power and the second minimum receiving power are both less than the input power.

4. The power supply device according to claim 3, wherein: When the first minimum received power does not meet the first load power requirement of the first powered device or the second minimum received power does not meet the second load power requirement of the second powered device, the microcontroller cuts off the first power transmission between the first power supply interface and the first powered device or the second power transmission between the second power supply interface and the second powered device.

5. The power supply device according to claim 3, further comprising: a power controller, connected to the power interface, the microcontroller, and the battery, and having an input voltage dynamic power management function, wherein the microcontroller obtains the input power from the power controller; a first power supply controller, connected to the first power supply interface, the first power switch, and the microcontroller, wherein the microcontroller obtains the first load power demand corresponding to the first powered device from the first power supply controller; and multiple second power supply controllers, respectively connected to multiple second power supply interfaces, each second power supply controller being connected to the second power switch and the microcontroller, wherein the microcontroller obtains multiple second load power demands corresponding to multiple second powered devices from the multiple second power supply controllers, and the total output power demand is the sum of the first load power demand and the multiple second load power demands.

6. The power supply device according to claim 5, further comprising: an auxiliary current sensor connected to the power interface, the power controller, the first power switch, and the microcontroller, sensing an input current corresponding to the input electrical energy and transmitting the value of the input current to the microcontroller; a first current sensor connected to the battery, the first power supply controller, and the microcontroller, sensing a first output current output to the first powered device and transmitting the value of the first output current to the microcontroller; and a plurality of second current sensors connected to a plurality of second power supply controllers, wherein each second current sensor is connected to the microcontroller and the second power switch, sensing a second output current output to a corresponding second powered device, and transmitting the value of the corresponding second output current to the microcontroller.

7. The power supply device according to claim 6, wherein: When it is determined that the battery capacity is not greater than the safe discharge capacity, and when it is determined that the first output current is reduced or the second output current is reduced, the microcontroller controls the power controller to input part of the input electrical energy to the battery, wherein the battery capacity of the battery after charging is the first battery capacity; the microcontroller determines whether the first battery capacity is greater than the safe discharge capacity.

8. The power supply device according to claim 7, wherein: When it is determined that the first battery capacity is greater than the safe discharge capacity, the power supply device switches from the safe output mode to the weak discharge mode; when it is determined that the first battery capacity is not greater than the safe discharge capacity, the power supply device maintains the safe output mode.

9. The power supply device according to claim 6, wherein: When it is determined that the battery capacity is not greater than the safe discharge capacity, and the input current is reduced or the second output current is reduced, the microcontroller controls the power controller to input part of the input power to the battery or controls the battery to reduce the provision of the auxiliary power, wherein the battery capacity of the battery after charging is the second battery capacity; the microcontroller determines whether the second battery capacity is greater than the safe discharge capacity.

10. The power supply device according to claim 9, wherein: When it is determined that the second battery capacity is greater than the safe discharge capacity, the power supply device switches from the safe output mode to the weak discharge mode; when it is determined that the second battery capacity is not greater than the safe discharge capacity, the power supply device maintains the safe output mode.

11. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein: The microcontroller determines whether the power interface is connected to the external power supply. When it is determined that the power interface is connected to the external power supply, the microcontroller confirms and obtains the input power of the input electrical energy; when it is determined that the power interface is not connected to the external power supply, the microcontroller controls the battery to transmit and supply electrical energy to the first power supply interface and multiple second power supply interfaces.

12. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein: The first power switch and the second power switch are back-to-back metal oxide field-effect transistors (MOSFETs).

13. A power management method, applicable to a power supply device, the power supply device comprising a power interface, a first power interface, a plurality of second power interfaces, a first power switch, a second power switch, a battery, and a microcontroller, wherein the power interface is configured to connect to an external power source to receive input power, the first power interface is configured to connect to a first powered device, and the plurality of second power interfaces are configured to connect to a plurality of second powered devices. The power management method is executed by the microcontroller and comprises: obtaining the input power of the input electrical energy and calculating the total output power requirement of the first power receiving device and the plurality of second power receiving devices; Determine whether the input power is greater than the total output power requirement; when it is determined that the input power is greater than the total output power requirement, control the first power switch and the second power switch to be turned on, wherein the input power is transmitted to the first power supply interface and multiple second power supply interfaces, and the battery is charged; when it is determined that the input power is not greater than the total output power requirement, control the first power switch to be disconnected and control the second power switch to be turned on, and start the battery to provide auxiliary power, wherein the input power and the auxiliary power are combined into output power, and the output power is transmitted to the first power supply interface and multiple second power supply interfaces.

14. The power management method according to claim 13, wherein: When it is determined that the input power is not greater than the total output power requirement and the input power is equal to the first load power requirement of the first powered device, the first power switch and the second power switch are controlled to be turned on, wherein the input power is transmitted to the first power supply interface and the auxiliary power is transmitted to the plurality of second power supply interfaces.

15. The power management method according to claim 14, wherein: The battery has a battery capacity. When it is determined that the input power is not greater than the total output power requirement, or when it is determined that the input power is not greater than the total output power requirement and the input power is equal to the first load power requirement of the first power receiving device, it is determined whether the battery capacity is greater than the safe discharge capacity; when it is determined that the battery capacity is greater than the safe discharge capacity, the power supply device is driven to switch to a weak discharge mode; when it is determined that the battery capacity is not greater than the safe discharge capacity, the power supply device is driven to switch to a safe output mode and reduce the first minimum receiving power of the first power supply interface and the second minimum receiving power of each of the second power supply interfaces, wherein the first minimum receiving power and the second minimum receiving power are both less than the input power.

16. The power management method according to claim 15, wherein: When the first minimum received power does not meet the first load power requirement of the first powered device or the second minimum received power does not meet the second load power requirement of the second powered device, the first power transmission between the first power supply interface and the first powered device or the second power transmission between the second power supply interface and the second powered device is cut off.

17. The power management method according to claim 15, wherein: The power supply device further includes an auxiliary current sensor, a first current sensor, and a plurality of second current sensors. The power management method further includes: the auxiliary current sensor sensing the input current of the input electrical energy and transmitting the value of the input current to the microcontroller; the first current sensor sensing the first output current output to the first powered device and transmitting the value of the first output current to the microcontroller; each of the second current sensors sensing the second output current output to the corresponding second powered device and transmitting the corresponding value of the second output current to the microcontroller.

18. The power management method according to claim 17, further comprising: When it is determined that the battery capacity is not greater than the safe discharge capacity, and when it is determined that the first output current is reduced or the second output current is reduced, the input electrical energy is input to the battery by the control part, wherein the battery capacity of the battery after charging is the first battery capacity; whether the first battery capacity is greater than the safe discharge capacity is determined; when it is determined that the first battery capacity is greater than the safe discharge capacity, the power supply device is driven to switch from the safe output mode to the weak discharge mode; when it is determined that the first battery capacity is not greater than the safe discharge capacity, the safe output mode of the power supply device is maintained.

19. The power management method according to claim 17, further comprising: When it is determined that the battery capacity is not greater than the safe discharge capacity, and when it is determined that the input current is reduced or the second output current is reduced, the control part inputs the input power to the battery or controls the battery to reduce the provision of the auxiliary power, wherein the battery capacity of the battery after charging is the second battery capacity; it is determined whether the second battery capacity is greater than the safe discharge capacity; when it is determined that the second battery capacity is greater than the safe discharge capacity, the power supply device is driven to switch from the safe output mode to the weak discharge mode; when it is determined that the second battery capacity is not greater than the safe discharge capacity, the safe output mode is maintained.

20. The power management method according to claim 13, further comprising: Determining whether the power interface is connected to the external power supply; When it is determined that the power interface is connected to the external power source, the input power of the input electrical energy is confirmed and obtained; when it is determined that the power interface is not connected to the external power source, the battery is controlled to transmit and supply electrical energy to the first power interface and multiple second power interfaces.

Images