Antenna, antenna module, and electronic device

Abstract

The present application discloses an antenna, an antenna module, and an electronic device. The antenna comprises a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, and a third dielectric layer; the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer are arranged at the same side of the first dielectric layer, and the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer are arranged at different layers; the first dielectric layer is provided with a first radiation unit; the second dielectric layer is provided with a feeder, and the feeder feeds power to the first radiation unit; the third dielectric layer is provided with a split ring resonator, and the split ring resonator is in signal connection with the feeder. The antenna of the present application is provided with the split ring resonator at the input port of the antenna, and when the split ring resonator works at the resonance frequency thereof, the split ring resonator can generate a transmission zero point near a resonance frequency point of the split ring resonator. A stop band near the transmission zero point can suppress a signal. The antenna can set the resonance frequency of the split ring resonator according to an out-of-band stray frequency band, thereby realizing the transmission zero point in the frequency band and forming the stop band, and further suppressing the out-of-band stray of the antenna.

Description

Antenna, antenna module and electronic equipment Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna, an antenna module, and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] To support higher data rates, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has included millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency bands as candidate frequency bands for fifth-generation mobile communication technology (5G). The 26 GHz band is the 5G mmWave band that has garnered the most attention globally. For example, the 5G mmWave frequency band in China is 24.75 GHz to 27.5 GHz, while the 5G mmWave frequency band in Europe is 24.25 GHz to 27.5 GHz (collectively referred to as 26 GHz base stations).

[0003] Currently, the European Confederation of European Posts and Telecommunications (CEPT)-Electronic Communications Committee (ECC) has specified out-of-band spurious emission limits for 26 GHz base stations to prevent interference from 26 GHz base stations to the Earth exploration-satellite service (EESS) and radio astronomy service (RAS) operating in adjacent frequency bands (i.e., the 23.6 GHz-24 GHz band).

[0004] Existing base stations can use digital pre-distortion (DPD) technology to suppress out-of-band spurious signals, that is, adding a nonlinear unit between the input signal and the power amplifier to pre-add nonlinear distortion to the signal. However, DPD technology is limited by bandwidth limitations and is usually used to correct the third-order nonlinearity of the power amplifier. If the EESS spurious signals are in the fifth-order nonlinear region, it is necessary to significantly widen the DPD correction bandwidth, increase the corresponding digital-to-analog converter (DAC) sampling rate and the overhead of the DPD algorithm, and the base station system cannot withstand the increased power consumption. In addition, existing base stations also consider adding filters to the output of the power amplifier to suppress spurious signals, but this will increase the cost of the base station, and for millimeter wave base stations, the layout space of the base station is limited and the filter cannot be laid out.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides an antenna, an antenna module, and an electronic device, which achieves a transmission zero point outside the antenna passband by adding an open resonant unit to the input port of the antenna, thereby suppressing the out-of-band spurious emission of the antenna.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna. The antenna may include a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, and a third dielectric layer. The second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer are disposed on the same side of the first dielectric layer, and the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer are disposed on different layers. Specifically, the first dielectric layer is provided with a first radiating element. The second dielectric layer is provided with a feeder for feeding power to the first radiating element. The third dielectric layer is provided with an open resonant unit, which is signal-connected to the feeder.

[0008] The input port of the antenna is provided with an open resonant unit. When the open resonant unit operates at its own resonant frequency, it can generate a transmission zero near its resonant frequency. The stopband near the transmission zero can suppress the signal. Therefore, in practical applications, the antenna of the present application can set the resonant frequency of the open resonant unit according to the out-of-band spurious frequency band to be suppressed, thereby achieving a transmission zero and forming a stopband within the frequency band, thereby suppressing the out-of-band spurious of the antenna.

[0009] In the antenna of the present application, the manner in which the feeder is signal-connected to the aperture resonator is not specifically limited. In some technical solutions, the feeder can be signal-connected to the aperture resonator via coupling. Specifically, along a first direction perpendicular to the third dielectric layer, the feeder has a first projection on the third dielectric layer. The first projection at least partially overlaps the aperture resonator.

[0010] In the above technical solutions, the area of ​​the overlapping portion between the first projection and the open resonant unit is not specifically limited. For example, in some technical solutions, the first projection and the open resonant unit may have one intersection, namely, the first intersection.

[0011] When the first projection and the open resonant unit have an intersection, the open resonant unit can be an irregular shape. Of course, the open resonant unit can also be a symmetrical shape, and in order to improve the signal strength of the open resonant unit, the opening of the open resonant unit is not symmetrical along the first projection.

[0012] In some other technical solutions, the first projection and the open resonant unit may also have at least two intersection points. The at least two intersection points may include a second intersection point that is closest to the opening along the perimeter of the open resonant unit. Along the perimeter of the open resonant unit, the second intersection point has a first distance from one end of the opening, and the second intersection point has a second distance from the other end of the opening, with the first distance being smaller than the second distance, thereby enabling the open resonant unit to have better resonance performance.

[0013] In addition to the above-mentioned coupling methods, the feeder can also be directly connected to the open resonant unit. Specifically, in some technical solutions, along a first direction perpendicular to the third dielectric layer, the feeder has a first projection on the third dielectric layer, and the first projection does not intersect with the open resonant unit. The antenna may also include a transmission line. The transmission line has two ends, namely a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the feeder, and the second end is connected to the open resonant unit. By using a transmission line to achieve signal connection, the distance between the open resonant unit and the feeder can be set according to the specific application scenario, so that the position of the open resonant unit can be flexibly set.

[0014] In the above antenna structure, the transmission line has a second projection on the third dielectric layer along the first direction. To achieve impedance matching between the feed line and the first radiating element, the length L1 of the second projection can satisfy the following: (2n+1)λ / 4-λ / 8≤L1≤(2n+1)λ / 4+λ / 8. Here, n is a natural number, and λ is the dielectric wavelength of the third dielectric layer.

[0015] When the length L1 of the second projection is (2n+1)λ / 4, the impedance matching between the feed line and the open resonant unit is optimal, and the energy efficiency is highest.

[0016] In the antenna of the present application, the method by which the feeder feeds the first radiating element is also not specifically limited. In some technical solutions, the feeder can feed the first radiating element via slot feeding. Specifically, the antenna may further include a fourth dielectric layer positioned between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer. The fourth dielectric layer is provided with slots, and the feeder feeds the first radiating element via the slots.

[0017] In the above antenna, the slot has a third projection on the third dielectric layer along the first direction, and the third projection may intersect with the first projection and have a third intersection point. A first spacing D1 is defined between the first intersection point, the second intersection point, or the first end of the transmission line and the third intersection point. To achieve impedance matching between the feed line and the first radiating element, the first spacing D1 may satisfy the following: (2n+1)λ / 4-λ / 8≤D1≤(2n+1)λ / 4+λ / 8, where n is a natural number and λ is the dielectric wavelength of the third dielectric layer.

[0018] When the first distance D1 is (2n+1)λ / 4, the impedance matching between the feeder and the first radiating unit is optimal, and the energy efficiency is highest.

[0019] In addition to the slot feeding method described above, the feed line can also be directly connected to the first radiating element and feed it power. Specifically, in some technical solutions, the antenna may further include a probe assembly. One end of the probe assembly is connected to the feed line, and the other end is connected to the first radiating element, so that the feed line directly feeds power to the first radiating element through the probe assembly.

[0020] In the above antenna, the probe assembly has a fourth projection on the third dielectric layer along the first direction, and the fourth projection intersects with the first projection and has a fourth intersection. A second spacing D2 is defined between the first intersection, the second intersection, or the first end and the fourth intersection. To achieve impedance matching between the feed line and the first radiating element, the second spacing D2 satisfies the following: (2n+1)λ / 4-λ / 8≤D2≤(2n+1)λ / 4+λ / 8, where n is a natural number and λ is the dielectric wavelength of the third dielectric layer.

[0021] When the second distance D2 is (2n+1)λ / 4, the impedance matching between the feed line and the first radiating unit is optimal, and the energy efficiency is highest.

[0022] In the antenna of the present application, the open resonant unit may include at least one open resonator. For example, the number of open resonators may be one, two, three, or four, and the specific number is not limited.

[0023] In addition, the perimeter of each open resonator is an integral multiple of 1 / 2 of the dielectric wavelength of the third dielectric layer, so as to achieve a better resonance effect.

[0024] In some technical solutions, the open resonant unit may include a first open resonator and a second open resonator. The first open resonator and the second open resonator may be connected to the feeder signal respectively. Along a first direction perpendicular to the third dielectric layer, the feeder has a first projection on the third dielectric layer. The first open resonator and the second open resonator may be symmetrically arranged along the first projection; or, the first open resonator and the second open resonator may also be spaced apart along the direction of the feeder. Of course, the second open resonator may also be coupled with the first open resonator. For example, in some technical solutions, the open resonant unit includes a first open resonator and a second open resonator spaced apart. The first open resonator and the second open resonator are symmetrically arranged along a central symmetry line. The opening of the first open resonator and the opening of the second open resonator face the same direction, and the first open resonator is arranged close to the feeder and connected to the feeder signal.

[0025] In the antenna of the present application, the specific shape of the open resonator is not limited. For example, it can be a triangular open resonator, a circular open resonator, a diamond open resonator, a rectangular open resonator or an 8-shaped open resonator, etc., which are not listed here one by one.

[0026] In addition, the above-mentioned open resonator can specifically be a defective open resonator; or, the open resonator can also be a metal open resonator.

[0027] Furthermore, in the antenna of the present application, the specific number of radiating elements is not limited. For example, in some technical solutions, the antenna may further include a fifth dielectric layer located on a side of the first dielectric layer facing away from the second dielectric layer. The fifth dielectric layer may be provided with a second radiating element, which is signal-connected to the first radiating element.

[0028] In setting the feeder line, the specific type of the feeder line is not limited, for example, it may include a strip line, a microstrip line or a coaxial line.

[0029] In the second aspect, the present application also provides an antenna module. The antenna module includes multiple antennas of the first aspect mentioned above. In the above antenna module, an open resonant unit is provided at the input port of each antenna. When the open resonant unit operates at its own resonant frequency, the open resonant unit can generate a transmission zero point near its resonant frequency point, and the stop band near the transmission zero point can suppress the signal. Therefore, in practical applications, the antenna module of the present application can set the resonant frequency of the open resonant unit of the antenna according to the out-of-band spurious frequency band to be suppressed, thereby realizing a transmission zero point and forming a stop band within the frequency band, thereby suppressing the out-of-band spurious of the antenna module.

[0030] In some technical solutions, the antenna module can also be applied to a phased array. Specifically, the antenna module may also include a feed transmission line and a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC). When the RFIC and the antenna are specifically set up, the antenna-in-package (AIP) technology may be used. Specifically, the antenna module may also include a first substrate and a second substrate. The RFIC may be arranged on a side surface of the first substrate, the second substrate may be arranged on a side surface of the RFIC away from the first substrate, and the feed transmission line may be arranged on the second substrate. The above-mentioned multiple antennas may be arranged on the side of the second substrate away from the RFIC, and connected to the RFIC through a feed transmission line.

[0031] Alternatively, the antenna module may also employ antenna-on-chip (AOC) technology. Specifically, the antenna module may further include a first substrate. The radio frequency integrated circuit may be disposed on a side surface of the first substrate, and the feed transmission line may be disposed on the radio frequency integrated circuit. The plurality of antennas may be disposed on a side surface of the radio frequency integrated circuit facing away from the first substrate and connected to the radio frequency integrated circuit via the feed transmission line.

[0032] Alternatively, the antenna module may employ antenna-on-board (AOB) technology. Specifically, the antenna module may further include a circuit board. The feed transmission line is disposed on the circuit board. The radio frequency integrated circuit may be disposed on a side surface of the circuit board, and the plurality of antennas may be disposed on a side surface of the circuit board facing away from the radio frequency integrated circuit and connected to the radio frequency integrated circuit via the feed transmission line.

[0033] In a third aspect, the present application further provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes the antenna module of the second aspect. In the electronic device, the antenna module may have a stopband outside the passband, thereby suppressing out-of-band spurious signals of the electronic device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG2 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna in FIG1 ;

[0036] FIG3 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG4 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna in FIG3 ;

[0038] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a projection of the feed line and the slot in FIG3 on the third dielectric layer along the first direction;

[0039] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of an open resonant unit in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG7 is another projection of the antenna feed line and the slot along the first direction on the third dielectric layer in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG8 is another projection of the antenna feed line and the slot along the first direction on the third dielectric layer in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG9 is an equivalent topological structure of the antenna in FIG3 ;

[0043] FIG10 is a curve showing the gain of the antenna in FIG7 as a function of frequency;

[0044] FIG11 is another schematic diagram of a projection of the feed line and the slot along the first direction on the third dielectric layer in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG12 is another schematic diagram of a projection of the first radiation unit, the feed line, and the slot along the first direction on the third dielectric layer in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG13 is another schematic diagram of a projection of the first radiation unit, the feed line, and the slot along the first direction on the third dielectric layer in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG14 is another schematic diagram of a projection of the first radiation unit, the feed line, and the slot along the first direction on the third dielectric layer in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG15 is another schematic diagram of a projection of the first radiation unit, the feed line, and the slot along the first direction on the third dielectric layer in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG16 is another schematic diagram of projection of the first radiation unit, the feed line, and the slot along the first direction on the third dielectric layer in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG17 is another schematic diagram of a projection of the first radiation unit, the feed line, and the slot along the first direction on the third dielectric layer in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG18 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG19 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG20 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG21 is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna module in an embodiment of the present application.

[0055] Figure numerals: 10-antenna; 11-first dielectric layer; 12-second dielectric layer; 13-third dielectric layer; 14-fourth dielectric layer; 15-fifth dielectric layer; 20-antenna module; 21-first substrate; 22-feeding transmission line; 23-second substrate; 24-ball grid array; 25-circuit board; 111-first radiation unit; 121-feeding line; 131-open resonant unit; 131a-first open resonator; 131b-second open resonator; 141-slot; 151-second radiation unit; S1-first projection; S2-second projection; S3-third projection; S4-fourth projection; S5-fifth projection. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in another embodiment," "in some other embodiments," and "in yet other embodiments" appearing in various places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more but not all embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and variations thereof all mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0058] The terms used in the following embodiments are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions "a", "an", "said", "above", "the", and "this" are intended to also include expressions such as "one or more", unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0059] The present application provides an antenna, an antenna module, and an electronic device, which achieves a transmission zero point outside the antenna passband by adding an open resonant unit to the input port of the antenna, thereby suppressing the out-of-band spurious emission of the antenna.

[0060] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application, and Figure 2 is another schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna in Figure 1. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, antenna 10 may include a first dielectric layer 11, a second dielectric layer 12, and a third dielectric layer 13. In a first direction A perpendicular to third dielectric layer 13, second dielectric layer 12 and third dielectric layer 13 are located on the same side of first dielectric layer 11, and second dielectric layer 12 and third dielectric layer 13 are located on different layers. Specifically, first dielectric layer 11 is provided with a first radiating element 111. Second dielectric layer 12 is provided with a feeder 121 for feeding power to first radiating element 111. Third dielectric layer 13 is provided with an aperture resonator 131, which is signal-connected to feeder 121. In antenna 10 of the above structure, aperture resonator 131 is provided at the input port of antenna 10. When aperture resonator 131 operates at its resonant frequency, it can generate a transmission zero near its resonant frequency. The stopband near this transmission zero can suppress signals. Therefore, in practical applications, the antenna 10 of the present application can set the resonant frequency of the open resonant unit 131 according to the out-of-band spurious frequency band to be suppressed, thereby realizing a transmission zero point and forming a stop band within the frequency band, thereby suppressing the out-of-band spurious of the antenna 10.

[0061] In the embodiments of the present application, the first dielectric layer 11, the second dielectric layer 12, and the third dielectric layer 13 are used to transmit signals and can be made of the same dielectric material or different dielectric materials. The dielectric material can be air or a dielectric material other than air. For example, in some embodiments, the first dielectric layer 11 and the third dielectric layer 13 can be air, and the second dielectric layer 12 can be a dielectric plate. In this embodiment, one end of the first radiating element 111 can be mounted on the dielectric plate and suspended in the air, and one end of the aperture resonator element 131 can be mounted on the dielectric plate and suspended in the air. In other embodiments, the first dielectric layer 11, the second dielectric layer 12, and the third dielectric layer 13 can also be a dielectric support made of the same material. In this embodiment, the dielectric support can be constructed in various shapes, such as a plate, column, rod, or other irregular shape. In this case, the surface layer on the dielectric support that supports other components of the antenna 10 (such as the first radiating element 111, the feed line 121, or the aperture resonator element 131) can be simplified to a dielectric layer.

[0062] Specifically, in the antenna 10 of the present application, the feed line 121 is signal-connected to the open resonant unit 131, wherein the connection method is not specifically limited. For example, in some embodiments, the feed line 121 can be signal-connected to the open resonant unit 131 by coupling. Figure 3 is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 4 is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna in Figure 3, and Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the projection of the feed line and the slot in Figure 3 along the first direction on the third dielectric layer. As shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5, along the first direction A, the feed line 121 has a first projection S1 on the third dielectric layer 13. The first projection S1 at least partially overlaps with the open resonant unit 131.

[0063] It should be noted that in the antenna 10 of the present application, the open resonant unit 131 may include at least one open resonator. For example, the number of open resonators may be one, two, three or four, etc., and the specific number is not limited. In addition, the specific shape of the open resonator is not limited. Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the open resonant unit in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 6, in some embodiments, the open resonator may be a symmetrical pattern. For example, the shape of the open resonator may be a triangle, a circle, a diamond, a rectangle or an 8-shaped shape, etc. Of course, in some other embodiments, the shape of the open resonator may also be an irregular pattern.

[0064] In the above embodiment, the area of ​​the overlapping portion between the first projection S1 and the open resonator unit 131 is not specifically limited. For example, in some embodiments, the first projection S1 and the open resonator unit 131 may have one first intersection point. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the first projection S1 and the open resonator unit 131 may have at least two intersection points.

[0065] FIG7 is another projection of the antenna feed line and the slot along the first direction on the third dielectric layer 13 in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG7 , when the first projection S1 and the open resonant unit 131 have a first intersection P1, the open resonant unit 131 can be a symmetrical figure as shown in (a), (b) and (c) in FIG7 , or can be an asymmetrical figure as shown in (d) in FIG7 . In particular, when the open resonant unit 131 is a symmetrical figure, the opening of the open resonant unit 131 is not symmetrical along the first projection S1, so as to avoid the open resonant unit 131 being symmetrical along the axis of the first projection S1, thereby improving the signal strength of the open resonant unit 131. Of course, the open resonant unit 131 can also be as close to the feed line 121 as possible, so that while improving the signal strength of the open resonant unit 131, the size of the antenna 10 in this direction can be reduced, thereby achieving miniaturization of the antenna 10.

[0066] In the above embodiment, the open resonant unit 131 can be arranged at an angle to the first projection S1. This angle can be adjusted according to the out-of-band suppression requirements of the antenna 10, thereby adjusting the signal coupling strength between the feed line 121 and the open resonant unit 131. The specific angle is not limited; for example, it can be set to be greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 90 degrees. Take the open resonant unit 131 in an axisymmetric shape as an example. As shown in Figures 7(a), (b), and (c), the first projection S1 of the feed line 121 has a centerline M, and the open resonant unit 131 has a symmetry centerline N. The angle θ between the centerline M and the symmetry centerline N is the angle between the open resonant unit 131 and the first projection S1. As shown in Figure 7(a), when the centerline M and the symmetry centerline N are parallel, the angle can be 0 degrees. As shown in Figure 7(b), when the angle is 45 degrees, the signal coupling strength between the feed line 121 and the open resonant unit 131 is optimal. Of course, as shown in FIG. 7( c ), the angle may also be other degrees, which will not be described in detail here.

[0067] Figure 8 shows another projection of the antenna feed line and slot along the first direction on the third dielectric layer 13 in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 8 , in some other embodiments, the first projection S1 may also have at least two intersections with the aperture resonant unit 131. For example, as shown in Figure 8 (a), the first projection S1 may have two intersections with the aperture resonant unit 131. Alternatively, as shown in Figures 8 (b) and (c), the first projection S1 may overlap with a portion of the aperture resonant unit 131, meaning that the first projection S1 may have an infinite number of intersections with the aperture resonant unit 131. The at least two intersections may include a second intersection P2, which is closest to the aperture along the perimeter of the aperture resonant unit 131. Along the perimeter of the aperture resonant unit 131, the second intersection P2 has a first distance d1 from one end of the aperture, and a second distance d2 from the other end of the aperture, with the first distance d1 being less than the second distance d2, thereby enabling the aperture resonant unit 131 to have a better resonant function.

[0068] To achieve a better resonance effect, the circumference of each open resonator of the open resonator unit 131 can be an integer multiple of 1 / 2 of the dielectric wavelength of the third dielectric layer 13. In addition, the above-mentioned open resonator can be a defective open resonator. Specifically, a metal layer is provided on the third dielectric layer 13, and an etching process is used to etch the metal layer to form the open resonator. Alternatively, the open resonator can also be a metal open resonator. Specifically, a metal material is made into an open resonator, and the open resonator is fixed to the third dielectric layer 13 to reduce production costs.

[0069] The passband of the antenna 10 is mainly determined by the radiating unit. In the antenna 10 of the present application, the specific number of radiating units is not limited. For example, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, in some embodiments, the antenna 10 includes a first radiating unit 111. In this case, the passband of the antenna 10 is determined by the first radiating unit 111. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, in other embodiments, the antenna 10 may further include a fifth dielectric layer 15, which is located on the side of the first dielectric layer 11 away from the second dielectric layer 12. The fifth dielectric layer 15 may be provided with a second radiating unit 151, which may be connected to the first radiating unit 111 by signal coupling. In this case, the passband of the antenna 10 is determined by the first radiating unit 111 and the second radiating unit 151. Figure 9 is an equivalent topological structure of the antenna in Figure 3. As shown in Figure 9, the antenna 10 may include a first radiating unit 111 and a second radiating unit 151. The first radiating element 111 can be equivalent to the resonator 1 of the filter, the second radiating element 151 can be equivalent to the resonator 2 of the filter, and the open resonator element 131 can be equivalent to the resonator 3 of the filter. The open resonator element 131 is a non-radiating resonator, that is, the open resonator element 131 does not radiate power into free space. The open resonator element 131 is a symmetrical shape, and the centerline of the open resonator element 131 can intersect with the centerline of the first projection S1 of the feed line 121, and the intersection can be equivalent to the filter input port S. The radiation free space of the first radiating element 111 can be equivalent to the filter output port L. This filter topology can generate a transmission zero near the resonant frequency of the filter resonator 3. The frequency corresponding to the transmission zero depends on the resonant frequency of the resonator 3, that is, it can be located below the operating frequency band of the antenna 10 or above the operating frequency band of the antenna 10. Therefore, the antenna 10 can achieve a suppression effect equivalent to that of a third-order single-zero filter.

[0070] FIG10 is a curve showing the gain of the antenna in FIG7 as a function of frequency. As shown in FIG10 , the solid line represents the antenna 10 in FIG7 , and its operating frequency band is 24.75 GHz-27.5 GHz. The dotted line represents the comparative antenna that does not include the open resonant unit 131. It can be seen that the antenna 10 of the present application achieves radiation performance comparable to that of the comparative antenna, and there is no significant gain reduction. In the stopband frequency band of 23.6-24 GHz of the antenna 10, the gain of the antenna 10 of the present application is significantly lower than that of the comparative antenna, showing a strong out-of-band suppression characteristic similar to a filter, and near the frequency of 23.8 GHz, the antenna 10 of the present application has a relatively obvious radiation zero point.

[0071] In an embodiment of the present application, in addition to realizing signal connection in the coupling manner shown in Figures 1 and 3, the feeder 121 can also be directly connected to the open resonant unit 131. Figure 11 is another projection schematic diagram of the feeder and the slot along the first direction on the third dielectric layer in an embodiment of the present application. Specifically, in some embodiments, along the first direction A, the feeder 121 has a first projection S1 on the third dielectric layer 13, and the first projection S1 does not intersect with the open resonant unit 131. The antenna 10 may also include a transmission line, which has two ends, namely a first end E1 and a second end E2. Among them, the first end E1 is connected to the feeder 121, and the second end E2 is connected to the open resonant unit 131. By using a transmission line to realize signal connection, the distance between the open resonant unit 131 and the feeder 121 can be set according to the specific application scenario, so that the position of the open resonant unit 131 can be flexibly set.

[0072] As shown in Figure 11 , when configuring the specific structure of the antenna 10, the transmission line has a second projection S2 on the third dielectric layer 13 along the first direction. To achieve impedance matching between the feed line 121 and the first radiating element 111, the length L1 of the second projection S2 can satisfy the following: (2n+1)λ / 4-λ / 8≤L1≤(2n+1)λ / 4+λ / 8. Here, n is a natural number, and λ is the dielectric wavelength of the third dielectric layer 13. When the length L1 of the second projection S2 is (2n+1)λ / 4, the impedance matching between the feed line 121 and the open resonant unit 131 is optimal, resulting in the highest energy efficiency.

[0073] In the antenna 10 of the present application, the manner in which the feed line 121 feeds the first radiating element 111 is also not specifically limited. In some embodiments, the feed line 121 can feed the first radiating element 111 through a slot 141. Specifically, the antenna 10 may further include a fourth dielectric layer 14 positioned between the first dielectric layer 11 and the second dielectric layer 12. The fourth dielectric layer 14 is provided with a slot 141, through which the feed line 121 feeds the first radiating element 111.

[0074] As shown in Figures 5 and 7, the slot 141 may have a third projection S3 on the third dielectric layer 13 along the first direction A. The third projection S3 may intersect with the first projection S1 and have a third intersection point P3. A first distance D1 is defined between the third intersection point P3 and the first intersection point P1. Similarly, in the embodiment where the aperture resonator unit 131 is arranged according to Figure 8, a second distance D2 may be defined between the third intersection point P3 and the second intersection point P2. Alternatively, in the embodiment where the aperture resonator unit 131 is arranged according to Figure 11, a first distance D1 is defined between the third intersection point P3 and the first end E1. To achieve impedance matching between the feed line 121 and the first radiating element 111, the first distance D1 may satisfy the following: (2n+1)λ / 4-λ / 8≤D1≤(2n+1)λ / 4+λ / 8, where n is a natural number and λ is the dielectric wavelength of the third dielectric layer 13. When the first spacing D1 is (2n+1)λ / 4, the impedance matching between the feed line 121 and the first radiating element 111 is optimal, resulting in the highest energy efficiency. Therefore, by controlling the coupling between the aperture resonant element 131 and the feed line 121, as well as the distance between the aperture resonant element 131 and the slot 141, the antenna 10 can achieve excellent out-of-band suppression, while reducing transmission loss, system power consumption, and manufacturing costs.

[0075] In addition to the aforementioned slot feeding method, the feed line 121 can also be directly connected to the first radiating element 111 and feed power thereto. Specifically, in some embodiments, the antenna 10 may further include a probe assembly. One end of the probe assembly is connected to the feed line 121, and the other end is connected to the first radiating element 111, so that the feed line 121 directly feeds power to the first radiating element 111 through the probe assembly.

[0076] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of another projection of the first radiating element, feeder, and slot along the first direction onto the third dielectric layer in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of another projection of the first radiating element, feeder, and slot along the first direction onto the third dielectric layer 13 in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figures 12 and 13, in the antenna 10 described above, the probe assembly may have a fourth projection S4 along the first direction A onto the third dielectric layer 13. The fourth projection S4 intersects with the first projection S1 and has a fourth intersection point P4. The first radiating element 111 may have a fifth projection S5 along the first direction A onto the third dielectric layer 13. The fourth intersection point P4 is spaced a second distance D2 from the second intersection point P2. Similarly, in the embodiment where the aperture resonator element 131 is arranged according to Figure 7, the fourth intersection point P4 may also be spaced a second distance D2 from the first intersection point P1. Alternatively, in the embodiment where the aperture resonator element 131 is arranged according to Figure 11, the fourth intersection point P4 may also be spaced a second distance D2 from the first end E1. To achieve impedance matching between the feed line 121 and the first radiating element 111, the second spacing D2 satisfies the following: (2n+1)λ / 4-λ / 8≤D2≤(2n+1)λ / 4+λ / 8, where n is a natural number and λ is the dielectric wavelength of the third dielectric layer 13. When the second spacing D2 is (2n+1)λ / 4, the impedance matching between the feed line 121 and the first radiating element 111 is optimal, resulting in the highest energy efficiency.

[0077] The following description uses the symmetrically shaped open resonant unit 131 as an example. FIG14 is another schematic diagram of the projection of the first radiating unit, feed line, and slot along the first direction on the third dielectric layer in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG14 , in some embodiments of the present application, the open resonant unit 131 may include a first open resonator 131a and a second open resonator 131b. The first open resonator 131a and the second open resonator 131b are respectively connected to the feed line 121 for signals. Along the first direction A, the first open resonator 131a and the second open resonator 131b can be symmetrically arranged along the first projection S1. FIG15 is another schematic diagram of the projection of the first radiating unit, feed line, and slot along the first direction on the third dielectric layer in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG15 , in some other embodiments, the first open resonator 131a and the second open resonator 131b can also be spaced apart along the direction of the feed line 121.

[0078] In addition, the second slot resonator 131b can also be coupled to the first slot resonator 131a. Figure 16 is another schematic diagram of the projection of the first radiating element, feed line, and slot along the first direction on the third dielectric layer in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 17 is another schematic diagram of the projection of the first radiating element, feed line, and slot along the first direction on the third dielectric layer in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figures 16 and 17, in some other embodiments, the slot resonator unit 131 includes a first slot resonator 131a and a second slot resonator 131b spaced apart. The first slot resonator 131a and the second slot resonator 131b are symmetrically arranged along a central symmetry line M. The opening of the first slot resonator 131a and the opening of the second slot resonator 131b face the same direction. The first slot resonator 131a is located near the feed line 121 and is signal-connected to the feed line 121. When the first slot resonator 131a and the second slot resonator 131b are symmetrical, the central symmetry line M is parallel to the centerline N1 of the first slot resonator 131a and the centerline N2 of the second slot resonator 131b.

[0079] In addition, when setting the feed line 121, the specific type of the feed line 121 is not limited, for example, it can include a strip line, a microstrip line, or a coaxial line, etc., which are not listed here one by one. In addition, the antenna 10 of the present application can also be a polarized antenna, for example, it can be a vertical single-polarization antenna, a horizontally polarized antenna, a ±45° polarized antenna, a circularly polarized antenna, or a dual-polarized antenna, etc., which are not listed here one by one.

[0080] Based on the same design concept, the present application also provides an antenna module. The antenna module includes multiple antennas 10 of the above embodiment. In the above antenna module, an open resonant unit 131 is provided at the input port of each antenna 10. When the open resonant unit 131 operates at its own resonant frequency, the open resonant unit 131 can generate a transmission zero point near its resonant frequency point, and the stop band near the transmission zero point can suppress the signal. Therefore, in practical applications, the antenna module of the present application can set the resonant frequency of the open resonant unit 131 of the antenna 10 according to the out-of-band spurious frequency band to be suppressed, thereby realizing a transmission zero point and forming a stop band within the frequency band, thereby suppressing the out-of-band spurious of the antenna module.

[0081] In some embodiments, the antenna module can also be applied to a phased array. Specifically, the antenna module can also include a feed transmission line 22 and a radio frequency integrated circuit. Figure 18 is a structural schematic diagram of the antenna module in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 18, in actual applications, the antenna module 20 can also include a switch, a phase shifter, an attenuator, a mixer, a phase-locked loop, an amplifier, a power divider, a digital-to-analog converter, or a digital signal processing circuit, etc. Its physical implementation can mainly adopt packaged antenna technology, on-chip antenna technology, and on-board antenna technology.

[0082] When specifically setting up the radio frequency integrated circuit and the antenna 10, a packaged antenna technology can be used. Figure 19 is a structural schematic diagram of the antenna module in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 19, the antenna module 20 may also include a first substrate 21 and a second substrate 23. The radio frequency integrated circuit can be arranged on one side surface of the first substrate 21, the second substrate 23 is arranged on the side surface of the radio frequency integrated circuit away from the first substrate 21, and the feeding transmission line 22 is arranged on the second substrate 23. The above-mentioned multiple antennas 10 can be arranged on the side of the second substrate 23 away from the radio frequency integrated circuit, and connected to the radio frequency integrated circuit through the feeding transmission line 22. In this embodiment, the multiple antennas 10 are arranged in an array form and integrated on one side surface of the second substrate 23 by welding or the like, and the radio frequency integrated circuit chip can be integrated on the other side surface of the second substrate 23. The second substrate 23 is packaged as a whole by packaged antenna technology (for example, ball grid array (BGA) packaging technology can be used). The manufactured package is then soldered onto a printed circuit board (PCB) 25 via a ball grid array 24 . The PCB 25 may also be provided with circuits such as digital-to-analog conversion and digital signal processing circuits.

[0083] In addition, the antenna module 20 may also adopt on-chip antenna technology. Figure 20 is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna module in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 20, the antenna module 20 may also include a first substrate 21. The radio frequency integrated circuit may be arranged on one side surface of the first substrate 21, and the feeding transmission line 22 is arranged on the radio frequency integrated circuit. Multiple antennas 10 may be arranged on the side surface of the radio frequency integrated circuit away from the first substrate 21, and connected to the radio frequency integrated circuit through the feeding transmission line 22. In this embodiment, multiple antennas 10 are directly integrated in the form of an array on the outer surface of the plastic package of the radio frequency integrated circuit chip, and the antenna 10 and the radio frequency integrated circuit chip are integrated as a component, which can be soldered on the circuit board.

[0084] In addition, the antenna module 20 can also adopt on-board antenna technology. Figure 21 is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna module in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 21, the antenna module 20 may also include a circuit board. The feeding transmission line 22 is arranged on the circuit board 25. The radio frequency integrated circuit can be arranged on one side surface of the circuit board 25, and the multiple antennas 10 can be arranged on the side surface of the circuit board 25 away from the radio frequency integrated circuit, and connected to the radio frequency integrated circuit through the feeding transmission line 22. In this embodiment, multiple antennas 10, radio frequency integrated circuit chips, analog-to-digital conversion and digital signal processing circuits are all integrated on the same circuit board 25.

[0085] Based on the same design concept, the present application also provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes the antenna module 20 of the above embodiment. In the above electronic device, the antenna module 20 can have a stopband outside the passband, thereby suppressing out-of-band spurious signals of the electronic device. The specific type of electronic device is not limited. In some embodiments, the electronic device can be a communication device, such as a base station or a communication terminal. In other embodiments, the electronic device can also be a radar.

[0086] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of protection of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, and a third dielectric layer which is arranged at a different layer from the second dielectric layer, wherein: The first dielectric layer is provided with a first radiation unit; the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer are located on the same side of the first dielectric layer; the second dielectric layer is provided with a feeder, which is used to feed power to the first radiation unit; the third dielectric layer is provided with an open resonance unit, which is connected to the feeder signal.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that Along a first direction perpendicular to the third dielectric layer, the feed line has a first projection on the third dielectric layer, and the first projection at least partially overlaps with the open resonance unit.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that The first projection and the open resonance unit have a first intersection point.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that The open resonance unit is a symmetrical shape, and the opening of the open resonance unit is not symmetrical along the first projection.

5. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that The first projection and the open resonance unit have at least two intersection points; The at least two intersection points include a second intersection point which is closest to the opening along the perimeter of the open resonant unit; Along the perimeter of the open resonant unit, there is a first distance between the second intersection point and one end of the opening, there is a second distance between the second intersection point and the other end of the opening, and the first distance is smaller than the second distance.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that Along a first direction perpendicular to the third dielectric layer, the feed line has a first projection on the third dielectric layer, and the first projection does not intersect with the open resonance unit; The antenna further includes a transmission line, a first end of the transmission line is connected to the feed line, and a second end of the transmission line is connected to the open resonance unit.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that The transmission line has a second projection on the third dielectric layer along the first direction, and a length L1 of the second projection satisfies: (2n+1)λ / 4-λ / 8≤L1≤(2n+1)λ / 4+λ / 8, wherein n is a natural number and λ is a dielectric wavelength of the third dielectric layer.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that The antenna further includes a fourth dielectric layer located between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer. The fourth dielectric layer is provided with a slot, and the feed line feeds power to the first radiation unit through the slot.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that The slit has a third projection on the third dielectric layer along the first direction, and the third projection intersects with the first projection and has a third intersection point; the feed line has the first projection on the third dielectric layer along the first direction; The first projection and the open resonance unit have a first intersection point; or The first projection has at least two intersections with the open resonant unit; the at least two intersections include a second intersection that is closest to the opening along the perimeter of the open resonant unit, the second intersection has a first distance from one end of the opening along the perimeter of the open resonant unit, the second intersection has a second distance from the other end of the opening along the perimeter of the open resonant unit, and the first distance is smaller than the second distance; or The first projection does not intersect with the open resonance unit; the antenna further comprises a transmission line, a first end of the transmission line is connected to the feeder line, and a second end of the transmission line is connected to the open resonance unit; There is a first distance D1 between the first intersection, the second intersection or the first end and the third intersection. The first spacing D1 satisfies: (2n+1)λ / 4-λ / 8≤D1≤(2n+1)λ / 4+λ / 8, wherein n is a natural number, and λ is the dielectric wavelength of the third dielectric layer.

10. The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that The antenna further comprises a probe assembly, one end of which is connected to the feed line, and the other end of which is connected to the first radiation unit.

11. The antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that The probe assembly has a fourth projection on the third dielectric layer along the first direction, and the fourth projection intersects with the first projection and has a fourth intersection point; the feed line has the first projection on the third dielectric layer along the first direction; The first projection and the open resonance unit have a first intersection point; or The first projection has at least two intersections with the open resonant unit; the at least two intersections include a second intersection that is closest to the opening along the perimeter of the open resonant unit, the second intersection has a first distance from one end of the opening along the perimeter of the open resonant unit, the second intersection has a second distance from the other end of the opening along the perimeter of the open resonant unit, and the first distance is smaller than the second distance; or The first projection does not intersect with the open resonance unit; the antenna further comprises a transmission line, a first end of the transmission line is connected to the feeder line, and a second end of the transmission line is connected to the open resonance unit; There is a second spacing D2 between the first intersection, the second intersection or the first end and the fourth intersection, and the second spacing D2 satisfies: (2n+1)λ / 4-λ / 8≤D2≤(2n+1)λ / 4+λ / 8, where n is a natural number and λ is the dielectric wavelength of the third dielectric layer.

12. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that The open resonator unit includes at least one open resonator.

13. The antenna according to claim 12, characterized in that The circumference of each of the open resonators is an integral multiple of 1 / 2 of the dielectric wavelength of the third dielectric layer.

14. The antenna according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that: The open resonator unit includes a first open resonator and a second open resonator, and the first open resonator and the second open resonator are respectively connected to the feeder signal; Along a first direction perpendicular to the third dielectric layer, the feed line has a first projection on the third dielectric layer; The first open resonator and the second open resonator are symmetrically arranged along the first projection; or, the first open resonator and the second open resonator are spaced apart from each other along the direction of the feed line; or, The open resonator unit includes a first open resonator and a second open resonator spaced apart, the first open resonator and the second open resonator are symmetrically arranged along a central symmetry line, the opening of the first open resonator and the opening of the second open resonator face the same direction, the first open resonator is arranged close to the feeder line and connected to the feeder line signal, and the second open resonator is coupled to the first open resonator.

15. The antenna according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that The open resonator is a triangular open resonator, a circular open resonator, a rhombus open resonator, a rectangular open resonator or an 8-shaped open resonator.

16. The antenna according to any one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that The open resonator is a defective open resonator or a metal open resonator.

17. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that The antenna further includes a fifth dielectric layer, which is located on a side of the first dielectric layer away from the second dielectric layer; the fifth dielectric layer is provided with a second radiation unit, which is signal-connected to the first radiation unit.

18. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that The feed line includes a strip line, a microstrip line or a coaxial line.

19. An antenna module, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of antennas according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

20. The antenna module according to claim 19, characterized in that: The antenna module also includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a feeding transmission line and a radio frequency integrated circuit; the radio frequency integrated circuit is arranged on a side surface of the first substrate, the second substrate is arranged on a side surface of the radio frequency integrated circuit away from the first substrate, and the feeding transmission line is arranged on the second substrate; the multiple antennas are arranged on a side surface of the second substrate away from the radio frequency integrated circuit, and are connected to the radio frequency integrated circuit through the feeding transmission line.

21. The antenna module according to claim 19, characterized in that: The antenna module also includes a first substrate, a feeding transmission line and a radio frequency integrated circuit; the radio frequency integrated circuit is arranged on a side surface of the first substrate, and the feeding transmission line is arranged on the radio frequency integrated circuit; the multiple antennas are arranged on a side surface of the radio frequency integrated circuit away from the first substrate, and are connected to the radio frequency integrated circuit through the feeding transmission line.

22. The antenna module according to claim 19, characterized in that: The antenna module also includes a circuit board, a feeding transmission line and a radio frequency integrated circuit; the feeding transmission line is arranged on the circuit board, the radio frequency integrated circuit is arranged on one side surface of the circuit board, and the multiple antennas are arranged on a side surface of the circuit board away from the radio frequency integrated circuit, and are connected to the radio frequency integrated circuit through the feeding transmission line.

23. An electronic device, characterized in that: Comprising the antenna module as claimed in any one of claims 19 to 22.

Images