Nutritional composition for pregnant women and preparation method therefor

Abstract

A nutritional composition for pregnant women and a preparation method therefor. The nutritional composition for pregnant women is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 324-630 parts of protein substances, 286-584 parts of fat substances, 187-369 parts of carbohydrate, 182-309 parts of dietary fiber substances, 12.2-23.9 parts of multivitamin, and 230-473 parts of complex minerals. The nutritional formulation for pregnant women can provide rational nutrition supplements for pregnant women, which can not only meet the nutritional requirements of pregnant women and guarantee the requirements for fetal development, but also help in maintaining the proper growth of body weight and the stability of blood glucose level of pregnant women, and preventing the occurrence of related adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and high-risk groups thereof, so that the nutritional formulation is suitable for pregnant women who need nutritional support.

Description

Nutritional composition for pregnant women and preparation method thereof Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of food, and particularly relates to a nutritional composition for pregnant women and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With economic development and changes in lifestyle, inappropriate dietary intake, insufficient physical activity, excess energy, and excessive weight gain are becoming increasingly common during pregnancy. This has led to an increasing number of pregnant women with high-risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), such as advanced age and an unbalanced diet. Furthermore, micronutrient deficiencies, such as calcium, iron, iodine, folate, and vitamin D, still exist in some populations. Numerous studies have reported that gestational diabetes has a significant impact on the fetus. It increases the incidence of macrosomia and stillbirth, and the incidence of respiratory distress is 5-6 times higher than in neonates born to women without diabetes. It can also lead to serious complications such as premature fetal malformations, hypocalcemia, and hyperbilirubinemia. Therefore, it is essential to provide a suitable diet to ensure adequate maternal nutrient intake and prevent the development of gestational diabetes.

[0003] The Chinese Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Chinese Society of Perinatal Medicine recommend that medical nutrition be used to meet the nutritional needs of pregnant women, reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, encourage a healthy diet to achieve and maintain normal blood sugar levels, ensure adequate fetal development, and limit excessive weight gain in both the mother and the fetus. [Yang Yang, Effects of nutritional intervention in gestational diabetes and its impact on neonatal prognosis [J], Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2016, 14(9)], nutritional intervention has effectively controlled the blood sugar levels of pregnant women with gestational diabetes, but the specific methods of dietary nutritional intervention have not been disclosed. There are currently no reports on research on health foods that can both control blood sugar levels and provide a balanced diet for pregnant women.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a nutritional composition for pregnant women, which is prepared from the following raw materials in the following weight ratios:

[0006] 324-630 parts of protein, 286-584 parts of fat, 187-369 parts of carbohydrates, 182-309 parts of dietary fiber, 12.2-23.9 parts of complex vitamins, 230-473 parts of complex minerals;

[0007] The protein substance is composed of whey protein, casein and collagen peptide in a mass ratio of 380-450:50-70:40-50;

[0008] The fat substance is composed of low-erucic acid rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, medium-chain triglycerides, soybean oil and an edible carrier in a mass ratio of 70-80:60-65:70-120:60-70:110-120;

[0009] The dietary fiber substance is composed of resistant dextrin and oligofructose in a mass ratio of 130-200:40-80.

[0010] Furthermore, the carbohydrate is maltodextrin.

[0011] Furthermore, the complex vitamin is prepared by mixing L-ascorbic acid, dl-α-tocopheryl acetate, niacinamide, D-calcium pantothenate, pyridoxine hydrochloride, thiamine nitrate, vitamin A palmitate, riboflavin, folic acid, phytonadione, D-biotin, cholecalciferol, cyanocobalamin and an edible carrier in the ratio of 9 to 12: 0.8 to 1.4: 0.4 to 1.1: 0.2 to 0.6: 0.1 to 0.3: 0.1 to 0.2: 0.06 to 0.08: 0.1 to 0.2: 0.02 to 0.03: 0.003 to 0.004: 0.002 to 0.004: 0.0003 to 0.0005: 0.0002 to 0.0003: 6 to 10.

[0012] Furthermore, the composite mineral is formed by mixing tricalcium phosphate, ferric pyrophosphate, magnesium carbonate, potassium citrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium citrate, zinc citrate, sodium selenite and an edible carrier in a ratio of 50-75:3-5:30-60:40-60:2-4:80-150:0.5-2.5:0.004-0.005:10-15.

[0013] Furthermore, it is prepared from the following raw materials in the following weight ratio:

[0014] 517 parts of protein substances, 390 parts of fat substances, 241 parts of maltodextrin, 215 parts of dietary fiber substances, 19.4 parts of multivitamins, and 322 parts of multiminerals;

[0015] The protein substance is composed of whey protein, casein and collagen peptide in a mass ratio of 420:53:44;

[0016] The fat substance is composed of low-erucic acid rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, medium-chain triglycerides, soybean oil and an edible carrier in a mass ratio of 70:62:75:66:117;

[0017] The dietary fiber substance is composed of resistant dextrin and oligofructose in a mass ratio of 172:43;

[0018] The multivitamin is prepared by mixing L-ascorbic acid, dl-α-tocopheryl acetate, nicotinamide, D-calcium pantothenate, pyridoxine hydrochloride, thiamine nitrate, vitamin A palmitate, riboflavin, folic acid, phytonadione, D-biotin, cholecalciferol, cyanocobalamin and an edible carrier in a ratio of 9.8:0.86:1.03:0.51:0.14:0.14:0.06:0.12:0.02:0.003:0.002:0.0003:0.0003:6.7144;

[0019] The composite mineral is prepared by mixing tricalcium phosphate, ferric pyrophosphate, magnesium carbonate, potassium citrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium citrate, zinc citrate, sodium selenite and an edible carrier in a ratio of 52.6:4.3:58.6:54:2:136:1.4:0.005:13.095.

[0020] Furthermore, it is prepared from the following raw materials in the following weight ratio:

[0021] 496 parts of protein substances, 420 parts of fat substances, 203 parts of maltodextrin, 195 parts of dietary fiber substances, 23.4 parts of complex vitamins, and 260 parts of complex minerals;

[0022] The protein substance is composed of whey protein, casein and collagen peptide in a mass ratio of 388:66:42;

[0023] The fat substance is composed of low-erucic acid rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, medium-chain triglycerides, soybean oil and an edible carrier in a mass ratio of 72:61:107:68:112;

[0024] The dietary fiber substance is composed of resistant dextrin and oligofructose in a mass ratio of 135:60;

[0025] The multivitamin is prepared by mixing L-ascorbic acid, dl-α-tocopheryl acetate, nicotinamide, D-calcium pantothenate, pyridoxine hydrochloride, thiamine nitrate, vitamin A palmitate, riboflavin, folic acid, phytonadione, D-biotin, cholecalciferol, cyanocobalamin and an edible carrier in a ratio of 11.6:1.31:0.42:0.26:0.22:0.18:0.08:0.16:0.021:0.004:0.004:0.0005:0.0002:9.1403;

[0026] The composite mineral is prepared by mixing tricalcium phosphate, ferric pyrophosphate, magnesium carbonate, potassium citrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium citrate, zinc citrate, sodium selenite and an edible carrier in a ratio of 72.1:4:33.7:47:3.1:89:0.8:0.004:10.296.

[0027] Furthermore, the edible carrier in the fat substance is any one or more of maltooligosaccharide, sodium caseinate, and mixed tocopherol concentrate; and the edible carrier in the multivitamin or multimineral is maltodextrin.

[0028] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned nutritional composition for pregnant women, which comprises the following steps:

[0029] 1) Weigh the raw materials according to the ratio;

[0030] 2) Mix the complex vitamins, oligofructose, collagen peptides, and casein, and stir at 20-30 rpm for 20-30 min to obtain premix 1; mix the resistant dextrin, carbohydrates, and complex minerals, and stir at 20-30 rpm for 20-30 min to obtain premix 2;

[0031] 3) Premix 1 and premix 2 obtained in step 2) are mixed, and stirred at 20-30 rpm for 20-30 min to obtain a total mixture 1; whey protein, fat substances and the total mixture 1 are mixed, and stirred at 20-30 rpm for 40-60 min to obtain.

[0032] Finally, the present invention provides a use of the above-mentioned nutritional composition for pregnant women in preparing food for improving the body functions of pregnant women.

[0033] Furthermore, the food is a health food or dietary supplement that regulates blood sugar and blood lipids in pregnant women, and / or promotes normal weight gain during pregnancy.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, the "parts" described in the present invention are parts by mass.

[0035] The whey protein and casein in the nutritional composition for pregnant women of the present invention serve as high-quality protein sources and provide a variety of essential amino acids and bioactive substances; collagen peptides are easy to digest and absorb, reducing the burden on the gastrointestinal tract; carbohydrates are provided by maltodextrin, which has good solubility and is easily digested and absorbed by the human body; fat comes from low-erucic acid rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, medium-chain triglycerides, and soybean oil, providing essential fatty acids required by the body; dietary fiber comes from resistant dextrin and oligofructose, which can effectively maintain the blood sugar level of pregnant women; L-ascorbic acid, dl-α-tocopheryl acetate, niacinamide, pyridoxine hydrochloride, D-calcium pantothenate, thiamine nitrate, vitamin A palmitate, riboflavin, folic acid, phytonadione, D-biotin, cholecalciferol, and cyanocobalamin provide vitamins required by the body; and ferric pyrophosphate, zinc citrate, tricalcium phosphate, magnesium carbonate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium citrate, sodium citrate, and sodium selenite provide minerals required by the body.

[0036] The nutritional supplement food obtained by formulating the above ingredients in a specific proportion can provide high-quality protein for fetal growth, promote fetal growth and development, improve the immunity of pregnant women, and maintain the health of pregnant women; On the one hand, it helps pregnant women reduce the burden on the gastrointestinal tract, promote collagen synthesis in the body, promote skin tissue metabolism, and reduce cesarean section scar formation; on the other hand, it effectively lowers blood sugar and blood lipids in pregnant women, maintains their blood sugar levels stable, and at the same time promotes the proliferation of beneficial bacteria in the body, improves the intestinal flora environment, prevents constipation, and maintains the health of pregnant women; on the one hand, it can reduce body fat accumulation in pregnant women, lower blood lipids and cholesterol in pregnant women, and maintain normal cardiovascular and cerebrovascular function; on the one hand, it promotes fetal brain development, maintains normal function of the fetal nervous system, and reduces the incidence of neonatal hypocalcemia, hand and foot cramps, and maternal osteomalacia; on the one hand, it reduces the occurrence of neonatal hemolysis and hemolytic anemia through the protective effect on the red blood cell membrane of the newborn, and maintains normal blood calcium concentration in pregnant women, prevents cramps in pregnant women, and at the same time meets the needs of fetal bone growth and development, helping the fetus grow healthily; on the one hand, it ensures fetal growth and development, maintains the normal operation of the body's immune system, enhances the immunity of pregnant women, and maintains the health of women and fetuses.

[0037] The nutritional formula for pregnant women of the present invention can provide pregnant women with a reasonable nutritional supplement, which can not only meet the nutritional needs of pregnant women themselves and ensure the needs of fetal development, but also help maintain appropriate weight gain and stable blood sugar levels in pregnant women, and prevent the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes related to women with gestational diabetes and their high-risk groups. It is suitable for pregnant women who need nutritional support.

[0038] Obviously, based on the above contents of the present invention, according to common technical knowledge and customary means in this field, without departing from the above basic technical ideas of the present invention, other various forms of modifications, replacements or changes can be made.

[0039] The following further describes the above content of the present invention in detail through specific embodiments in the form of examples. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention to the following examples. All technologies implemented based on the above content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] FIG1 is a graph showing the average blood glucose response curves 2 hours after a meal for glucose and the nutritional supplementary food for pregnant women of the present invention (n=20, where n is 20 adult women included in the GI value test);

[0041] Figure 2. Weight levels of pregnant mice during pregnancy;

[0042] Figure 3 Results of glucose tolerance test in pregnant mice (* indicates P < 0.05 compared with the wild-type group);

[0043] Figure 4 Results of insulin tolerance test in pregnant mice (* indicates P < 0.05 compared with the wild-type group);

[0044] Figure 5. Blood glucose level test results of pregnant mice during pregnancy (* indicates P < 0.05 compared with the wild-type group);

[0045] Figure 6 Insulin level test results of pregnant mice during pregnancy (* indicates P < 0.05 compared with the wild-type group);

[0046] Figure 7 C-reactive protein levels in pregnant mice (# indicates P < 0.05 compared with the model group);

[0047] Figure 8 shows HE staining results of pregnant mouse kidneys (scale bar: 100 μm). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Example 1 Nutritional supplement for pregnant women of the present invention

[0049] formula:

[0050] 517 parts of protein: 420 parts of whey protein, 53 parts of casein, and 44 parts of collagen peptides;

[0051] 390 parts of fatty substances: 75 parts of medium-chain triglycerides, 62 parts of sunflower oil, 66 parts of soybean oil, 70 parts of rapeseed oil, and the remainder of edible carrier maltooligosaccharide; the ingredients are mixed and microencapsulated into vegetable oil microcapsule powder; the edible carrier in this step can also be sodium caseinate, sodium tripolyphosphate, or mixed tocopherol concentrate;

[0052] Carbohydrate maltodextrin 241 parts;

[0053] 215 parts of dietary fiber: 172 parts of resistant dextrin and 43 parts of oligofructose;

[0054] 19.4 parts of multivitamins: 9.8 parts of L-ascorbic acid, 0.86 parts of dl-α-tocopheryl acetate, 1.03 parts of niacinamide, 0.51 parts of D-calcium pantothenate, 0.14 parts of pyridoxine hydrochloride, 0.14 parts of thiamine nitrate, 0.06 parts of vitamin A palmitate, 0.12 parts of riboflavin, 0.02 parts of folic acid, 0.003 parts of phytonadione, 0.002 parts of D-biotin, 0.0003 parts of cholecalciferol, 0.0003 parts of cyanocobalamin, and the balance is maltodextrin, a multivitamin carrier;

[0055] 322 parts of composite minerals: 52.6 parts of tricalcium phosphate, 4.3 parts of ferric pyrophosphate, 58.6 parts of magnesium carbonate, 54 parts of potassium citrate, 2 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 136 parts of sodium citrate, 1.4 parts of zinc citrate, 0.005 parts of sodium selenite, and the balance is maltodextrin, a composite mineral carrier.

[0056] Preparation method:

[0057] (1) Accurately weigh the raw materials and divide them into 3 groups according to the order of mass ratio from low to high

[0058] Raw material group 1: multivitamins, oligofructose, collagen peptide, casein;

[0059] Raw material group 2: resistant dextrin, carbohydrate maltodextrin, complex minerals;

[0060] Raw material group 3: whey protein, vegetable oil microcapsule powder;

[0061] (2) Premixing of raw materials with lower addition amount

[0062] Premix 1: Transfer raw material group 1 to a premixer at a speed of 30 rpm and mix for 20 min to obtain premix 1;

[0063] Premix 2: Take out premix 1 and transfer raw material group 2 to the premixer at a speed of 30 rpm and mix for 20 min to obtain premix 2;

[0064] (3) Total Mixing

[0065] Total blend 1: transfer premixes 1 and 2 to a total mixer at a speed of 30 rpm and mix for 30 min to obtain total blend 1;

[0066] Total blend 2: Transfer raw material group 3 to the total mixer and mix with total blend 1 at a speed of 30 rpm for 40 min to obtain the finished product.

[0067] (4) Repackaging and packaging

[0068] The mixed finished product is divided and packaged under sterile conditions. The above operation steps are all carried out in a clean and dry environment.

[0069] Example 2: Nutritional supplement for pregnant women of the present invention

[0070] formula:

[0071] 496 parts of protein: 388 parts of whey protein, 66 parts of casein, and 42 parts of collagen peptides;

[0072] 420 parts of fatty substances: 107 parts of medium-chain triglycerides, 61 parts of sunflower oil, 68 parts of soybean oil, 72 parts of rapeseed oil, and the remainder of edible carrier maltooligosaccharide; the ingredients are mixed and microencapsulated into vegetable oil microcapsule powder; the edible carrier in this step can also be sodium caseinate, sodium tripolyphosphate or mixed tocopherol concentrate;

[0073] Carbohydrate maltodextrin 203 parts;

[0074] Dietary fiber 195 parts: including 135 parts of resistant dextrin and 60 parts of oligofructose;

[0075] 23.4 parts of multivitamins: 11.6 parts of L-ascorbic acid, 1.31 parts of dl-α-tocopheryl acetate, 0.42 parts of niacinamide, 0.26 parts of D-calcium pantothenate, 0.22 parts of pyridoxine hydrochloride, 0.18 parts of thiamine nitrate, 0.08 parts of vitamin A palmitate, 0.16 parts of riboflavin, 0.021 parts of folic acid, 0.004 parts of phytonadione, 0.004 parts of D-biotin, 0.0005 parts of cholecalciferol, 0.0002 parts of cyanocobalamin, and the balance is maltodextrin, a multivitamin carrier;

[0076] 260 parts of composite minerals: 72.1 parts of tricalcium phosphate, 4 parts of ferric pyrophosphate, 33.7 parts of magnesium carbonate, 47 parts of potassium citrate, 3.1 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 89 parts of sodium citrate, 0.8 parts of zinc citrate, 0.004 parts of sodium selenite, and the balance being maltodextrin, a composite mineral carrier;

[0077] Preparation method:

[0078] (1) Accurately weigh the raw materials and divide them into three groups according to the order of mass ratio from low to high;

[0079] Raw material group 1: multivitamins, oligofructose, collagen peptide, casein;

[0080] Raw material group 2: resistant dextrin, carbohydrate maltodextrin, complex minerals;

[0081] Raw material group 3: whey protein, vegetable oil microcapsule powder;

[0082] (2) Premixing of raw materials with lower addition amount

[0083] Premix 1: Transfer raw material group 1 to a premixer at 25 rpm and mix for 20 min to obtain premix 1;

[0084] Premix 2: Take out premix 1 and transfer raw material group 2 to the premixer at a speed of 25 rpm and mix for 20 min to obtain premix 2;

[0085] (3) Total Mixing

[0086] Total blend 1: transfer premixes 1 and 2 to a total mixer at 25 rpm and mix for 20 min to obtain total blend 1;

[0087] Total blend 2: Transfer raw material group 3 to the total mixer and mix it with total blend 1 at a speed of 25 rpm for 50 min to obtain the finished product.

[0088] (4) Repackaging and packaging

[0089] The mixed finished product is divided and packaged under sterile conditions. The above operation steps are all carried out in a clean and dry environment.

[0090] Example 3

[0091] Other conditions and steps were the same as those in Example 1, except that the amount of maltodextrin was changed to 450 parts, the amount of resistant dextrin was changed to 72 parts, and the amount of oligofructose was changed to 12 parts.

[0092] Example 4

[0093] Other conditions and steps were the same as those in Example 1, except that the amount of resistant dextrin was changed to 102 parts, the amount of oligofructose was changed to 37 parts, and the amount of whey protein was changed to 162 parts.

[0094] Example 5

[0095] Other conditions and steps were the same as those in Example 1, except that the amount of whey protein was changed to 192 parts, the amount of casein was changed to 42 parts, and the amount of resistant dextrin was changed to 96 parts.

[0096] Example 6

[0097] Other conditions and steps were the same as those in Example 1, except that the amount of folic acid was changed to 0.006 parts, the amount of vitamin C was changed to 2.1 parts, and vitamin B12, ferric pyrophosphate, and oligofructose were not added.

[0098] The beneficial effects of the present invention are further illustrated by the following test examples:

[0099] Experimental Example 1 Study on the Effects of the Nutritional Supplementary Food of the Present Invention on Body Functions

[0100] 1. Testing the GI value of the nutritional supplement prepared according to Example 1 comprises the following steps:

[0101] Twenty female adults were enrolled, meeting the following criteria: (1) healthy and without a history of diabetes; (2) not taking medications or health supplements that affect glucose metabolism in the recent period; (3) not suffering from serious illness or undergoing surgery in the past three months; (4) aged 20 to 35 years. The test process was carried out in accordance with ISO_26642-2010 standard, with trained testers collecting blood and measuring blood glucose. The test results showed that the glycemic index (GI value) of the nutritional supplement food of the present invention was 32.5, and the average blood glucose tolerance curve is shown in Figure 1. According to the provisions of "WS / T652-2019 Method for Determination of Glycemic Index of Food", if GI ≤ 55, it is a low GI food. Low GI foods are slowly released after digestion and absorption, and the peak value of glucose after entering the blood is low and the rate of decline is slow, which helps maintain blood glucose homeostasis. This indicates that the nutritional supplement food of this formula is expected to help maintain the blood glucose level of pregnant women and protect the health of women and fetuses.

[0102] 2. Experiments on mice using the nutritional supplements for pregnant women prepared in Examples 1-6

[0103] C57BL / KsJ-Lep db / + Leptin gene knockout mice (db / +) db / db ) heterozygotes (Lep db / + The db / + model is widely considered the most representative animal model for studying GDM. Pregnant db / + mice can exhibit symptoms similar to GDM, such as impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and weight gain. This study will investigate whether this nutritional supplement improves glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, and immune function in db / + mice by breeding and measuring their blood glucose, serum insulin, and immune function.

[0104] Select C57BL / KsJ + / + 15 wild-type female and 15 wild-type male C57BL / KsJ mice db / + 105 (db+) female and male mice were used. During the experiment, the ambient temperature was set at 25±1°C, the humidity was 40%±10%, and the light cycle was 12 hours and the dark cycle was 12 hours. The mice were fed to 10-12 weeks of age. Each group of female mice was caged with male mice of the same age and genotype at a 1:1 ratio overnight. The next morning, the female mice were tested for positive vaginal plugs. Those with vaginal plugs were considered to have successfully mated and recorded as gestational day 0 (GD0). Female mice with positive vaginal plugs were randomly divided into a wild-type group (wild-type mice), a model group (db / + mice), and groups 1-6 (db / + mice) according to body weight. Because not every mouse can become pregnant after mating, and some mice fail to reach gestational day 20 (GD20) during pregnancy, each experimental group was limited to 10 mice. Mice in the successfully mated Example 1-6 groups were gavaged daily with 500 mg / (kg·d) of the Example 1-6 suspension (prepared with purified water). Wild-type and model mice were gavaged with the same dose of normal saline. Aside from the daily gavages, all groups of mice consumed a normal diet. Test indicators included glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance, gestational blood glucose levels, gestational insulin levels, and gestational body weight. The results are shown in Tables 1-5 ("Mean" is the mean, "SD" is the standard deviation) and Figures 2-6.

[0105] Table 1 Weight levels of pregnant mice during pregnancy (g)

[0106] Table 2 Glucose tolerance test in pregnant mice (mg / dL)

[0107] Table 3 Insulin tolerance test in pregnant mice (%)

[0108] Table 4 Blood glucose levels during pregnancy in pregnant mice (mg / dL)

[0109] Table 5 Insulin levels in pregnant mice during pregnancy (μg / L)

[0110] On gestational days 0, 10, and 20 (GD0, GD10, and GD20), the fasting body weights of the mice were measured. As shown in Table 1 and Figure 2, there was no significant difference in weight gain among the mice in each group during pregnancy (P>0.05). The results indicate that Examples 1-6 do not affect the weight gain of pregnant mice and help pregnant mice maintain their weight.

[0111] When the mice were gestational day 10 (GD10), they were fasted for 6 hours in the morning and given an intraperitoneal injection of 2g / kg glucose. Blood glucose levels were measured at 0, 30, and 60 minutes after glucose administration to perform a glucose tolerance test. As shown in Table 2 and Figure 3, compared with wild-type mice, the blood glucose levels of the model group and Example 3-6 groups were significantly increased at 30 and 60 minutes after glucose administration (P < 0.05), while the blood glucose levels of the mice in Example 1 and Example 2 groups were close to those of wild-type mice (P > 0.05). When the mice were gestational day 10 (GD10), they were fasted for 6 hours in the morning and given an intraperitoneal injection of 0.75U / kg insulin. The insulin levels of the mice were detected using an ELISA kit. As shown in Table 3 and Figure 4, compared with wild-type mice, at 30 and 60 minutes after sugar administration, the serum insulin levels of the model group and Example 3-6 groups of mice were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), while the insulin levels of the mice in Example 1 and Example 2 groups were close to those of wild-type mice (P > 0.05). The results showed that 30 minutes after the first glucose injection, the blood glucose levels of the model group mice increased significantly, suggesting that such model mice had glucose intolerance during pregnancy. After oral administration of Example 1 and Example 2, the glucose intolerance of pregnant mice was significantly alleviated and restored to normal levels. By detecting the serum insulin levels of mice, it was further confirmed that Example 1 and Example 2 can restore the insulin response level of pregnant mice to the same level as that of normal mice, indicating that Example 1 and Example 2 can improve the glucose metabolism and insulin response of pregnant mice.

[0112] On gestational days 0, 10, and 20 (GD0, GD10, and GD20), after gavage with the nutritional supplements of each example and after normal feeding, the blood glucose levels and serum insulin levels of the mice were measured. As shown in Table 4 and Figure 5, compared with wild-type mice, the blood glucose levels of the model group and the Example 3-6 groups on gestational days 0, 10, and 20 were significantly increased (P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference in the blood glucose levels of the mice in the Example 1 and Example 2 groups (P > 0.05). As shown in Table 5 and Figure 6, compared with wild-type mice, the insulin levels of the model group and the Example 3-6 groups on gestational days 0, 10, and 20 were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference in the insulin levels of the mice in the Example 1 and Example 2 groups (P > 0.05). The results show that the blood glucose levels and serum insulin levels of the mice in the Example 1 and Example 2 groups remained basically the same as those of the wild-type mice throughout pregnancy, indicating that Examples 1 and 2 can effectively alleviate gestational hyperglycemia.

[0113] Effects of maternal nutritional supplements on inflammatory response and renal function in mice

[0114] C-reactive protein (CRP) is a non-glycosylated polyprotein synthesized by hepatocytes under the action of cytokines such as interleukin-6. It is a sensitive indicator of the body's inflammatory response and plays a mediating role in a variety of pathophysiological processes. It can be used as an important indicator independent of other diabetes risk factors to predict the occurrence, development and prognosis of gestational diabetes. On the 15th day of pregnancy, blood was taken from the tail vein of mice to detect the C-reactive protein content. As shown in Figure 7, compared with the model group, the serum CRP content of the wild-type, Example 1 and Example 2 mice was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), while the CRP content of the mice in the Example 3-6 groups still maintained a high level (P > 0.05). The results show that Example 1 and Example 2 can reduce the level of inflammation in the body associated with GDM.

[0115] GDM is often accompanied by lipid metabolism disorders, lipid deposition in the glomerulus, which reduces the reabsorption function of the proximal tubular epithelial cells and can also cause glomerular cell damage, apoptosis, etc., thereby leading to impaired renal function. On the 21st day of pregnancy (GD21), after the mice were killed by dislocation of the neck, the mouse kidney tissue was obtained by dissection. After paraffin embedding and sectioning, hematoxylin Yin Hong (HE) staining was used to observe the effect of each embodiment on mouse kidney tissue. As shown in Figure 8, the wild-type group mice had no obvious pathological changes, and the model group mice had the most severe pathological symptoms, which showed as glomerular sclerosis, swelling of the parietal cells of the renal capsule, and thickening of the basement membrane. The kidney lesions in the mice of Example 1 and 2 groups were significantly alleviated, while the mice of Example 3-6 groups still had varying degrees of histiocytic degeneration. The results showed that Example 1 and Example 2 can effectively alleviate GDM and cause kidney damage and impaired renal function.

[0116] The above experimental results demonstrate that Examples 1 and 2 can effectively alleviate GDM symptoms in db / + mice, such as hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance, and maintain normal weight gain during pregnancy. Furthermore, Examples 1 and 2 can effectively reduce CRP levels, alleviate the inflammatory response associated with GDM, protect the kidneys, and maintain renal function.

Claims

1. A nutritional composition for pregnant women, characterized in that: It is prepared from the following raw materials in weight ratio: 324-630 parts of protein, 286-584 parts of fat, 187-369 parts of carbohydrates, 182-309 parts of dietary fiber, 12.2-23.9 parts of complex vitamins, 230-473 parts of complex minerals; The protein substance is composed of whey protein, casein and collagen peptide in a mass ratio of 380-450:50-70:40-50; The fat substance is composed of rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, medium-chain triglycerides, soybean oil and an edible carrier in a mass ratio of 70-80:60-65:70-120:60-70:110-120; The dietary fiber material is composed of resistant dextrin and oligofructose in a mass ratio of 130-200:40-80.

2. The nutritional composition for pregnant women according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbohydrate is maltodextrin.

3. The nutritional composition for pregnant women according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multivitamin is composed of 9 to 12: 0.8~1.4:0.4~1.1:0.2~0.6:0.1~0.3:0.1~0.2:0.06~0.08:0.1~0.2:0.02~0.03:0.003~0.004:0.002~0.004:0.0003~0.0005:0.0002~0.0003:6~10 of L-ascorbic acid, dl-α-tocopherol acetate, niacinamide, D-calcium pantothenate, pyridoxine hydrochloride, thiamine nitrate, vitamin A palmitate, riboflavin, folic acid, phytonadione, D-biotin, cholecalciferol, cyanocobalamin and an edible carrier are mixed.

4. The nutritional composition for pregnant women according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite mineral is prepared by mixing tricalcium phosphate, ferric pyrophosphate, magnesium carbonate, potassium citrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium citrate, zinc citrate, sodium selenite and an edible carrier in a ratio of 50-75:3-5:30-60:40-60:2-4:80-150:0.5-2.5:0.004-0.005:10-15.

5. The nutritional composition for pregnant women according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It is prepared from the following raw materials in weight ratio: 517 parts of protein substances, 390 parts of fat substances, 241 parts of maltodextrin, 215 parts of dietary fiber substances, 19.4 parts of multivitamins, and 322 parts of multiminerals; The protein substance is composed of whey protein, casein and collagen peptide in a mass ratio of 420:53:44; The fat substance is composed of rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, medium-chain triglycerides, soybean oil and an edible carrier in a mass ratio of 70:62:75:66:117; The dietary fiber substance is composed of resistant dextrin and oligofructose in a mass ratio of 172:43; The multivitamin is composed of 9.8:0.86:1.03:0.51:0.14:0.14:0.06:0.12: 0.02:0.003:0.002:0.0003:0.0003:6.7144 of L-ascorbic acid, dl-α-tocopheryl acetate, niacinamide, D-calcium pantothenate, pyridoxine hydrochloride, thiamine nitrate, vitamin A palmitate, riboflavin, folic acid, phytonadione, D-biotin, cholecalciferol, cyanocobalamin and an edible carrier; The composite mineral is prepared by mixing tricalcium phosphate, ferric pyrophosphate, magnesium carbonate, potassium citrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium citrate, zinc citrate, sodium selenite and an edible carrier in a ratio of 52.6:4.3:58.6:54:2:136:1.4:0.005:13.

095.

6. The nutritional composition for pregnant women according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It is prepared from the following raw materials in weight ratio: 496 parts of protein substances, 420 parts of fat substances, 203 parts of maltodextrin, 195 parts of dietary fiber substances, 23.4 parts of multivitamins, and 260 parts of multiminerals; The protein substance is composed of whey protein, casein and collagen peptide in a mass ratio of 388:66:42; The fat substance is composed of rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, medium-chain triglycerides, soybean oil and an edible carrier in a mass ratio of 72:61:107:68:112; The dietary fiber substance is composed of resistant dextrin and oligofructose in a mass ratio of 135:60; The multivitamin is prepared by mixing L-ascorbic acid, dl-α-tocopherol acetate, nicotinamide, D-calcium pantothenate, pyridoxine hydrochloride, thiamine nitrate, vitamin A palmitate, riboflavin, folic acid, phytonadione, D-biotin, cholecalciferol, cyanocobalamin and an edible carrier in a ratio of 11.6:1.31:0.42:0.26:0.22:0.18:0.08:0.16:0.021:0.004:0.004:0.0005:0.0002:9.1403; The composite mineral is prepared by mixing tricalcium phosphate, ferric pyrophosphate, magnesium carbonate, potassium citrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium citrate, zinc citrate, sodium selenite and an edible carrier in a ratio of 72.1:4:33.7:47:3.1:89:0.8:0.004:10.

296.

7. The nutritional composition for pregnant women according to claim 6, characterized in that: The edible carrier in the fat substance is any one or more of maltooligosaccharide, sodium caseinate, and mixed tocopherol concentrate; the edible carrier in the complex vitamin or complex mineral is maltodextrin.

8. A method for preparing the nutritional composition for pregnant women according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: 1) Weigh the raw materials according to the ratio; 2) Mix the complex vitamins, oligofructose, collagen peptides and casein, and stir at 20-30 rpm for 20-30 min to obtain premix 1; mix the resistant dextrin, carbohydrates and complex minerals, and stir at 20-30 rpm for 20-30 min to obtain premix 2; 3) Premix 1 obtained in step 2) and premix 2 are mixed, and stirred at 20-30 rpm for 20-30 min to obtain a total mixture 1; whey protein, fat substances and the total mixture 1 are mixed, and stirred at 20-30 rpm for 40-60 min. You can get it.

9. Use of the nutritional composition for pregnant women according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in preparing food for improving the body functions of pregnant women.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The food is a health food or dietary supplement for regulating blood sugar and blood lipids of pregnant women, and / or promoting normal weight gain during pregnancy.

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