Blood pressure measurement device and blood pressure measurement method

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is a blood pressure measurement device, comprising a main unit, an airbag structure cuff and a blood flow sensing device. The main unit comprises a limb pressing module, a limb pressure sensing module, a blood flow sensing control module, a blood flow sensing module and a blood pressure calculation module. Further disclosed in the present invention is a blood pressure measurement method, comprising a pressurization process, a slow pressure relief process and a rapid pressure relief process. According to the method, the measurement accuracy of diastolic pressure and systolic pressure is improved, the non-invasive blood pressure measurement time is shortened, and the comfort of a subject in the whole blood pressure measurement process is improved.

Description

Blood pressure measuring device and blood pressure measuring method Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of blood pressure measurement, and in particular to a blood pressure measurement device and a blood pressure measurement method. Background Art

[0002] Blood pressure is one of the most important physiological indicators of the human body and reflects the cardiovascular system. Commonly used devices for non-invasive blood pressure measurement include: mercury sphygmomanometers using Korotkoff sound auscultation, electronic sphygmomanometers using oscillometric method, and electronic sphygmomanometers using sternograph-like pulse wave method. The principles of these three blood pressure measurement technologies are as follows:

[0003] 1. Korotkoff sound auscultation method: It is one of the most widely used non-invasive blood pressure detection methods in clinical practice. Its basic principle is to use an inflated cuff to compress the artery. As the cuff pressure decreases, the artery changes from complete blockage to gradual opening and then to full opening. The stethoscope is used to identify the sound changes in the process of arterial blood flow from blockage to circulation, and the corresponding gas pressure in the cuff is referred to to determine the systolic and diastolic blood pressures.

[0004] 2. Oscillometry: Blood pressure measurement requires a cuff to block arterial blood flow. During the pressurization and depressurization process, the gas pressure oscillations within the cuff are detected. The principle of the depressurization process oscillometric method is shown in Figure 1. When the cuff is rapidly pressurized to a pressure greater than the systolic pressure (Ps), arterial blood flow is blocked, and small oscillations appear within the cuff due to the impact of the proximal pulse. The cuff then slowly depressurizes. When the cuff pressure falls below the systolic pressure (Ps), the amplitude of the oscillations gradually increases. When the cuff pressure equals the mean arterial pressure (Pm), the arterial wall is unloaded, and the amplitude reaches its maximum. When the cuff pressure falls below the mean arterial pressure (Pm), the amplitude gradually decreases. After the cuff slowly deflates until the pressure falls below the diastolic pressure (Pd), the cuff is rapidly depressurized, concluding the measurement. As shown in Figure 2, during the cuff depressurization process, the recorded pulse oscillation amplitude exhibits a parabolic envelope. Based on large-scale population statistics, different manufacturers have identified populations with different blood pressures, and have developed statistical models based on the systolic pressure (Ps) and diastolic pressure (Pd) envelopes and pulse shape characteristics to calculate systolic and diastolic pressures.

[0005] The principle of the oscillometric method during the pressurization process is shown in Figure 2. As the cuff slowly increases pressure from 0 mmHg, the pulse amplitude gradually increases. When the cuff pressure equals the mean pressure (Pm), the arterial wall is unloaded and the amplitude reaches its maximum. When the cuff pressure exceeds the mean pressure (Pm), the amplitude gradually decreases. When the cuff pressure continues to increase to exceed the systolic pressure (Ps), the oscillometric method calculates the systolic pressure, and the pressure is quickly released, concluding the measurement. During the cuff pressurization process, the recorded pulse oscillation amplitude exhibits an envelope curve that approximates a parabola. Based on large-scale population statistics, different manufacturers have identified populations with different blood pressures. They have established statistical models based on the systolic pressure (Ps) and diastolic pressure (Pd) envelope curves and pulse shape characteristics, respectively, to calculate systolic and diastolic pressures.

[0006] 3. Pulse wave auscultation method: Similar to the Korotkoff sound auscultation method, a pulse wave detection sensor is placed at a distance downstream of the normal Korotkoff sound inflatable cuff along the blood flow direction. The inflatable cuff is quickly pressurized to a level 20-30 mmHg higher than the subject's systolic pressure, and then slowly depressurized. During the decompression measurement process, a clear pulse oscillation signal is generated when the artery is completely compressed and the blood flow is released. When the downstream pulse detector detects this blood flow change information, the corresponding pressure in the inflatable cuff is the systolic pressure; the inflatable cuff continues to slowly depressurize, and the pulse detector detects the gradual stabilization of the pulse signal. When the arterial blood flow is fully opened, the corresponding pressure in the inflatable cuff is the diastolic pressure. After detecting the diastolic pressure, the pressure is quickly depressurized, and the measurement ends.

[0007] The above blood pressure measurement principles have the following disadvantages:

[0008] 1. In the Korotkoff sound auscultation method, mercury sphygmomanometers were the gold standard for blood pressure measurement. However, with the global entry into force of the Minamata Convention on Mercury on August 16, 2017, mercury-containing sphygmomanometers were gradually phased out in 2020. Furthermore, to ensure accurate systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements, the cuff deflation rate must be controlled to at least 5 mmHg per second or per pulse beat. For higher accuracy, the deflation rate may need to be controlled to 2-3 mmHg per second or per pulse beat, resulting in lengthy measurement times and poor comfort. Furthermore, this operating principle relies heavily on the operator's expertise in Korotkoff sound recognition and hearing ability, making it difficult to popularize home blood pressure measurement.

[0009] 2. Oscillometric electronic blood pressure monitors use a large population-based statistical approach to develop a unified model. Therefore, there may be significant deviations in the values ​​of certain individuals compared to the Korotkoff sound auscultation method. Furthermore, the oscillometric method requires collecting a sufficient number of pulse signals during the inflating or deflation process to plot the envelope curves for calculating systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Therefore, the inflating or deflation process cannot be too rapid. Generally, the measurement process is limited to approximately 4-6 mmHg per second or per pulse. The maximum inflating altitude is approximately 20-30 mmHg higher than the systolic pressure. Combined with the rapid deflation during inflating and the rapid inflating during deflation, the overall measurement time is relatively long. For example, at a systolic blood pressure of 130 mmHg, the entire measurement process takes approximately 30 seconds or more. Higher blood pressure requires a higher inflating altitude, thus increasing the measurement time. At a systolic blood pressure of 200 mmHg, the entire measurement takes nearly a minute. This prolonged compression of the user's arm often causes numbness and swelling, resulting in poor comfort.

[0010] 3. Auscultatory pulse wave method. The principle of systolic blood pressure measurement is similar to the auscultatory method. During the cuff pressure relief measurement process, an obvious pulse oscillation signal will be generated at the moment when the artery is completely compressed and the blood flow is flushed out. The pulse signal is relatively obvious from nothing to something, and the systolic blood pressure calculation result is relatively stable. However, in the process from the blood flow flushing out of the artery to the complete opening of the artery, the change in the pulse signal is not significant, resulting in a large error in the calculation of diastolic blood pressure. In addition, when using the auscultatory method to calculate systolic and diastolic blood pressure, in order to ensure measurement accuracy, the pressure relief rate needs to be limited to within 5mmHg per second or per pulse, and even needs to be controlled to 2-3mmHg per second or per pulse. Coupled with the pressurization process, the arm is under pressure for a long time during the entire measurement process, and the comfort is poor.

[0011] 4. Some products simply combine the oscillometric pressure measurement process (increase and decrease pressure) to improve measurement accuracy. However, since the oscillometric principle requires sufficient pulse signals to cover the entire pressure range from systolic to diastolic, combining the pressure measurement process results in prolonged compression on the user's arm, resulting in poor comfort.

[0012] 5. If the oscillometric pressure measurement process and the auscultatory pulse wave pressure release measurement process are simply combined to improve measurement accuracy, the entire blood pressure measurement process will take longer, and the user's arm will be compressed for a long time, which may cause numbness, swelling, or even pain.

[0013] Summary of the Invention

[0014] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, one object of the present invention is to provide a blood pressure measuring device with short measurement time and accurate measurement.

[0015] Another object of the present invention is to provide a blood pressure measurement method with short measurement time and accurate measurement.

[0016] To this end, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0017] A blood pressure measuring device comprises: a main unit, an airbag structure cuff and a blood flow sensing device, wherein the main unit comprises: a limb pressure module, a limb pressure sensing module, a blood flow sensing control module, a blood flow sensing module and a blood pressure calculation module, wherein:

[0018] The airbag structure cuff can be wrapped around the arm to apply pressure to the arm at an average speed V1, thereby pressing the blood vessels in the arm and blocking blood flow;

[0019] The blood flow sensing device is located downstream of the arterial occlusion point where the airbag structure cuff is located, and is used to pick up changes in blood flow in the blood vessel;

[0020] The limb pressure sensing module is used to sense air pressure signals and collect pulse wave signals from the airbag structure cuff;

[0021] The limb pressure module is used to apply pressure to or release pressure on the limb of the airbag structure cuff;

[0022] The blood flow sensing module is used to collect blood flow change signals in limb blood vessels from the blood flow sensing device;

[0023] The blood flow sensing control module is used to control the start and stop of the blood flow sensing device.

[0024] The blood pressure calculation module is used to calculate the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure based on the signals collected by the limb pressure sensing module and the blood flow induction sensing module;

[0025] During the process of the airbag structure cuff applying pressure to the limb through the limb pressure module, the limb pressure sensing module collects the pulse wave signal sensed by the airbag structure cuff. When the pulse wave signal intensity decreases from strong to a certain level or the current air pressure in the airbag structure cuff exceeds the estimated high pressure, or the blood flow sensing module fails to collect the blood flow signal in the limb blood vessels, the limb pressure module stops applying pressure and slowly releases the pressure, and the blood pressure calculation module calculates the diastolic pressure according to the oscillometric principle.

[0026] During the process of the airbag structure cuff relieving pressure on the limb through the limb pressure module, the blood flow passes through the induction sensor module to detect the pulse oscillation signal when the blood flow is rushed out, and the blood pressure calculation module uses the current signal collected by the corresponding limb pressure sensor module at this time as the systolic pressure, and the limb pressure module controls the airbag structure cuff to quickly relieve pressure to complete the measurement.

[0027] Wherein, the blood flow sensing device is a photoelectric sensor probe, a small airbag cuff, a radar probe, a Doppler pulse probe or a piezoelectric sensor probe.

[0028] The certain degree mentioned herein is 30-70% of the maximum pulse wave signal intensity.

[0029] A method for measuring blood pressure using the above-mentioned blood pressure measuring device comprises the following steps:

[0030] S1, pressurization process: the limb pressure module pressurizes the airbag structure cuff at an average speed V1, and the limb pressure sensing module collects the pulse wave signal from the airbag structure cuff; at the same time, the blood flow sensing control module controls the blood flow sensing device to sense the blood flow state in the blood vessel, and the blood flow sensing module collects the blood flow signal sensed by the blood flow sensing device;

[0031] During the pressurization process, the pulse wave signal in the airbag structure cuff and the blood flow circulation signal at the position where the blood flows through the sensing device are collected simultaneously; in the blood pressure calculation module, when the pulse wave signal intensity decreases from strong to a certain level or the air pressure in the current airbag structure cuff exceeds the estimated high pressure, or the blood flow through the sensing module cannot collect the blood circulation signal in the limb blood vessels, the air pressure signal in the airbag structure cuff at this time is used as the predicted systolic pressure SYS1, after which the limb pressure module stops pressurizing, and the blood pressure calculation module calculates the diastolic pressure DIA according to the oscillometric method;

[0032] S2, slow pressure relief process: the airbag structure cuff slowly releases pressure at an average speed of V2 through the limb pressure module. At the same time, the blood flow sensing module collects blood flow signals from the blood flow sensing device in real time. When the blood flow sensing module collects an oscillation signal when the blood flow is blocked, the air pressure value in the airbag structure cuff at this time is defined as the systolic pressure SYS, and the slow pressure relief stops at this time.

[0033] S3, rapid decompression process: the limb pressure module in the host controls the airbag structure cuff to quickly decompress at an average speed of V3, and the blood flow through the sensing control module controls the blood flow through the sensing device to end sensing, and the measurement ends.

[0034] In the above method, the systolic pressure may also be calculated as follows: the systolic pressure SYS' is equal to the weighted average of SYS1 and SYS.

[0035] In the above method, the method of collecting the pulse oscillation signal when the blood flow is interrupted in step S2 is: when continuously extracting two or more pulse oscillation signals, the starting time of the first pulse oscillation signal.

[0036] The average speed V1 in step S1 includes an average speed in a low-pressure section and an average speed in a high-pressure section, and the average speed in the low-pressure section is less than or equal to the average speed in the high-pressure section.

[0037] Preferably, the average speed V1 is ≥2 mmHg / s or ≥2 mmHg / pulse; the average speed V2 is ≤20 mmHg / s or ≤20 mmHg / pulse; and the average speed V3 is ≥10 mmHg / s or ≥10 mmHg / pulse.

[0038] More preferably, the average velocity V1 is ≥8 mmHg / s or ≥8 mmHg / pulse; the average velocity V2 is ≤8 mmHg / s or ≤8 mmHg / pulse; and the average velocity V3 is ≥20 mmHg / s or ≥20 mmHg / pulse.

[0039] Preferably, in the above method:

[0040] During the pressurization process, the pressure is increased rapidly at the high pressure stage. When the pulse wave signal sensed by the limb pressure sensing module is significantly weakened or the blood flow sensing module cannot collect the blood flow signal in the limb blood vessels, the pressure is stopped and slowly released, and the diastolic pressure is calculated based on the oscillometric principle.

[0041] During the slow decompression process, the blood flow passes through the induction sensor module to detect the pulse oscillation signal when the blood flow rushes out, thereby obtaining the systolic pressure; after obtaining the systolic pressure, the pressure is quickly released to complete the measurement.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] 1. Improved the accuracy of diastolic and systolic blood pressure measurements:

[0044] The present invention adopts a method that combines the auscultation-like method and the oscillometric method. During the process of applying pressure on the limbs, the sufficient pulse signal in the low-pressure section of the oscillometric method is fully utilized to calculate only the diastolic pressure, thereby ensuring the measurement accuracy of the diastolic pressure. At the same time, during the process of releasing pressure on the limbs, the auscultation-like pulse wave method principle is adopted. Compared with the oscillometric method principle based on statistics, the auscultation-like method fully reflects the state of individual blood flow when it is flushed, has better individual adaptability, and higher systolic pressure accuracy.

[0045] 2. Reduced non-invasive blood pressure measurement time:

[0046] The method of the present invention can accelerate the pressurization speed in the high pressure range; since the systolic pressure does not need to be calculated during the pressurization measurement process, the pressurization speed in the high pressure range can be accelerated to more than 10 mmHg / s, and the pressurization time is shortened;

[0047] The present invention predicts the cuff pressure height when the systolic blood pressure is unknown, so that the maximum pressure height will only be slightly higher than the systolic blood pressure of the subject, and the pressure is increased to the required height according to different blood pressure levels, thereby reducing unnecessary arm compression time;

[0048] During the pressure relief process, the present invention can quickly relieve pressure and complete the measurement after calculating the high pressure. Since the diastolic pressure has been known during the pressurization process, there is no need to repeat the calculation during the pressure relief process, so the measurement time can be significantly shortened. Taking the systolic pressure of 130 mmHg and the diastolic pressure of 80 mmHg as an example, compared with the oscillometric method and the stethoscope-like pulse wave method of pressure relief measurement, the pressure needs to be relieved to below 80 mmHg, which reduces the slow pressure relief process of about 50 mmHg and saves about 10 seconds of pressure relief time. For hypertensive patients with a large difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the saved measurement time will be more obvious. For subjects with a systolic / diastolic blood pressure of 180 / 80 mmHg, the present invention can save about 20 seconds in the pressure relief process alone.

[0049] 3. Improves the comfort of the subject throughout the blood pressure measurement process:

[0050] Compared with the existing blood pressure measurement principle, the present invention significantly shortens the overall blood pressure measurement time, shortens the time the limbs are compressed, and improves comfort; at the same time, it estimates the systolic blood pressure of the subject and predicts the pressurization height to avoid excessive pressure on the limbs, thereby effectively reducing the numbness and swelling, or even pain, in the arm during the measurement process, and improving the comfort of blood pressure measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] FIG1 is an oscillometric principle diagram of an existing pressure relief process;

[0052] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the existing oscillometric method for pressurization process;

[0053] FIG3 is a block diagram of the host computer components of the present invention;

[0054] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the blood pressure measurement device in use according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0055] FIG5 is a diagram showing the host configuration of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0056] FIG6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the pressure in the airbag structure cuff sensed by the limb pressure sensing module and time in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0057] FIG7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the pressure in the airbag structure cuff sensed by the limb pressure sensing module and time in Example 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The sphygmomanometer of the present invention and the method for measuring blood pressure using the sphygmomanometer are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] Referring to Figure 3, a blood pressure measurement device of the present invention includes: a main unit, an airbag cuff, and a blood flow sensing device. The main unit includes: a limb pressure module, a limb pressure sensing module, a blood flow sensing control module, a blood flow sensing module, and a blood pressure calculation module.

[0061] The method for measuring blood pressure using the above-mentioned blood pressure measuring device comprises the following steps:

[0062] S1, Pressurization Process: The limb pressure module applies pressure to the airbag cuff at an average velocity of V1. The limb pressure sensing module collects pulse wave signals from the airbag cuff. Simultaneously, the blood flow sensing control module controls the blood flow sensing device to sense blood flow within the blood vessels. The blood flow sensing module collects blood flow signals sensed by the blood flow sensing device.

[0063] During the pressurization process, the pulse wave signal in the airbag cuff and the blood flow signal at the location where the blood flows through the sensing device are simultaneously collected. In the blood pressure calculation module, when the pulse wave signal strength in the airbag cuff is analyzed to decrease from strong to half of the maximum pulse wave signal strength, or when the blood flow signal at the location where the blood flows through the sensing device disappears completely, the air pressure signal in the airbag cuff at this time is used as the predicted systolic pressure SYS1. After that, the limb pressure module stops pressurizing, and the blood pressure calculation module calculates the diastolic pressure DIA using the oscillometric method.

[0064] S2, slow decompression process: The airbag structure cuff slowly releases pressure at an average speed of V2 through the limb pressure module. At the same time, the blood flow passes through the sensing module to collect the blood flow signal in the sensing device in real time. When the blood flow passes through the sensing module to collect the oscillation signal when the blood flow rushes out, the air pressure value in the airbag structure cuff at this time is defined as the systolic pressure SYS, and the slow decompression is stopped at this time.

[0065] S3, rapid decompression process: the limb pressure module in the host controls the airbag structure cuff to quickly decompress at an average speed of V3, and the blood flow through the sensing control module controls the blood flow through the sensing device to end sensing, and the measurement ends.

[0066] As shown in Figure 4, in this embodiment, the airbag structure cuff adopts a large airbag cuff 1 that can wrap around the arm, which is used to apply pressure to the upper arm at an average speed V1, press the blood vessels in the arm, and block the blood flow; the blood flow passing through the sensing device adopts a small airbag cuff filled with a certain amount of gas, and the small airbag cuff 2 is stably fixed downstream of the arterial blocking point where the large airbag structure cuff is located, and is used to pick up the pulse changes when blood circulates in the blood vessels.

[0067] Referring to FIG5 , the modules in the host 3 are specifically as follows:

[0068] The limb pressure module is composed of a first air pump, a first quick-release valve, and a slow-release valve. The first air pump is used to inflate the large air bag structure cuff 1, and the first quick-release valve and the slow-release valve are used to deflate the air, so as to pressurize or relieve pressure on the limb.

[0069] The limb pressure sensing module is a first air pressure sensor, which is used to sense air pressure signals and collect pulse wave signals from the large air bag structure cuff 1;

[0070] The blood flow sensing control module is composed of a second air pump and a second quick release valve, which is used to inflate or quickly deflate the blood flow sensing device (i.e., the small air bag cuff) to pressurize or quickly relieve pressure on the limb;

[0071] The blood flow sensing module is a second air pressure sensor, which is used to sense the air pressure signal of blood circulation changes from the small air bag cuff;

[0072] The blood pressure calculation module, i.e., the single chip microcomputer, is used to calculate the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure based on the signals collected by the limb pressure sensing module (first air pressure sensor) and the blood flow induction sensing module.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] 4 to 6 , a method for measuring blood pressure using the blood pressure measuring device of Example 1 is shown. The measuring steps are as follows:

[0075] S1, pressurization process: The first air pump in the limb compression module pressurizes the large airbag cuff 1 at an average rate of 10 mmHg / s (V1 = 10 mmHg / s). Simultaneously, the second air pump inflates and pressurizes the small airbag cuff 2 at the same rate. When the small airbag cuff 2 is pressurized to 70 mmHg, pressurization of the small airbag cuff 2 is stopped. At this time, the first air pump continues to pressurize the large airbag cuff 1 at an average rate of 10 mmHg / s, gradually compressing and closing the limb artery until the artery is completely blocked.

[0076] During the pressurization process, the pulse wave signals from large airbag cuff 1 and small airbag cuff 2 are collected simultaneously. When the pulse wave signal strength in large airbag cuff 1 decreases from strong to half of the maximum pulse wave signal strength, or when the pulse wave signal in small airbag cuff 2 disappears completely, the current value of the air pressure signal in large airbag cuff 1 is used as the predicted systolic pressure SYS1. The large airbag cuff 1 is pressurized by 30 mmHg and then stopped. At this point, the maximum pressurization altitude is reached. The diastolic pressure DIA is calculated according to the oscillometric principle.

[0077] S2, slow pressure relief process: the large air bag cuff 1 slowly releases pressure at an average speed of 4 mmHg / s through the slow release valve in the main unit (V2 = 4 mmHg / s). During this period, the second air pressure sensor collects the pulse signal in the small air bag cuff 2 in real time. When two or more blood flow signals are continuously extracted from the small air bag cuff 2, the air pressure in the large air bag cuff 1 corresponding to the starting moment of the first blood flow signal is the systolic pressure SYS, and the slow pressure relief is stopped at this time.

[0078] S3, rapid pressure relief process: through the first quick release valve and the second quick release valve in the main unit, the large airbag cuff 1 and the small airbag cuff 2 are quickly depressurized at an average speed of 80 mmHg / s (V3 = 80 mmHg / s), and the measurement ends.

[0079] For subject A, whose blood pressure measurement result is 130 / 80 mmHg, the predicted systolic pressure SYS1 is 130 mmHg, the maximum pressure height is 160 mmHg, the systolic pressure SYS is 130 mmHg, and the diastolic pressure DIA is 80 mmHg. The blood pressure measurement time is calculated as follows:

[0080] 1. During the pressurization process, the speed of pressurization is 10 mmHg / s from 0 to 160 mmHg, and the pressurization time is 160 / 10 = 16 seconds;

[0081] 2. When the pressure of the large air bag cuff 1 reaches 160 mmHg, it is decompressed at a rate of 4 mmHg / s to 125 mmHg (the pressure required to continuously extract two blood flow signals). The decompression time is (160-125) / 4 = 8.75 seconds.

[0082] 3. Finally, release the pressure rapidly at a rate of 80 mmHg / s to end the measurement. The rapid pressure release time is: 125 / 80≈1.56s;

[0083] Therefore, the total time for blood pressure measurement is about 26 seconds.

[0084] Similarly, for subject B whose blood pressure measurement result is 180 / 80 mmHg, the predicted systolic pressure SYS1 is 180 mmHg, the maximum pressure height is 210 mmHg, the systolic pressure SYS is 180 mmHg, and the diastolic pressure DIA is 80 mmHg. The measurement time is calculated as follows:

[0085] During the pressurization process, the pressure is increased at a rate of 10 mmHg / s from 0 to 210 mmHg. When the pressure of the large air bag cuff 1 reaches 210 mmHg, it is depressurized at a rate of 4 mmHg / s to 175 mmHg, and finally at a rate of 80 mmHg / s to end the measurement. The time taken for this blood pressure measurement is: 210 / 10 + (210-175) / 4 + 175 / 80 ≈ 32 seconds;

[0086] Comparative Example 1

[0087] For comparison, a commercially available electronic blood pressure monitor based on the oscillometric method during pressurization is used. During slow pressurization at 5 mmHg / s, the human pulse wave signal is collected. When the cuff pressurizes the blood pressure to approximately 30 mmHg above the systolic pressure, pressurization is stopped and the pressure is rapidly released. The systolic and diastolic pressures are calculated to complete the measurement.

[0088] For subject A whose blood pressure is 130 / 80 mmHg, the measurement time is calculated as follows:

[0089] During the pressurization process, the pressure is increased at a rate of 5 mmHg / s from 0 to 160 mmHg. When the cuff pressure reaches 160 mmHg, the pressure is rapidly released at a rate of 80 mmHg / s, ending the measurement. The time taken for this blood pressure measurement is: t1 = 160 / 5 + 160 / 80 = 34 seconds.

[0090] For subject B, whose blood pressure measurement result is 180 / 80 mmHg, the measurement time is calculated as follows:

[0091] During the pressurization process, the pressure is increased at a rate of 5 mmHg / s from 0 to 210 mmHg. When the cuff pressure reaches 210 mmHg, the pressure is rapidly released at a rate of 80 mmHg / s, ending the measurement. The time taken for this blood pressure measurement is: t1 = 210 / 5 + 160 / 80 = 44 seconds.

[0092] Comparative Example 2

[0093] For comparison, a commercially available electronic blood pressure monitor based on the oscillometric method of pressure relief is used as an example. After rapidly increasing the pressure to 30 mmHg above the systolic pressure at a rate of 13 mmHg / s, pressure is stopped and slowly released at a rate of 5 mmHg / s while collecting the human pulse wave signal. When the cuff pressure is deflated to 20 mmHg below the diastolic pressure, the pressure is rapidly released, and the systolic and diastolic pressures are calculated to complete the measurement.

[0094] For subject A whose blood pressure is 130 / 80 mmHg, the measurement time is calculated as follows:

[0095] During the pressurization process, the pressure is increased rapidly at a rate of 13 mmHg / s from 0 to 160 mmHg, then slowly reduced to 60 mmHg at a rate of 5 mmHg / s, and finally rapidly reduced at a rate of 80 mmHg / s to end the measurement. The time taken for this blood pressure measurement is: t2 = 160 / 13 + (160-60) / 5 + (60 / 80) ≈ 33 seconds.

[0096] For subject B, whose blood pressure measurement result is 180 / 80 mmHg, the measurement time is calculated as follows:

[0097] During the pressurization process, the pressure was increased rapidly at a rate of 13 mmHg / s from 0 to 210 mmHg, then slowly released at a rate of 5 mmHg / s to 60 mmHg, and finally released rapidly at a rate of 80 mmHg / s to end the measurement. The time taken for this blood pressure measurement was: t2 = 210 / 13 + (210-60) / 5 + (60 / 80) ≈ 47 seconds.

[0098] Comparative Example 3

[0099] For comparison, a commercially available electronic blood pressure monitor based on a stethoscope-like pulse wave principle is used. After rapidly increasing the pressure to 30 mmHg above the systolic pressure at a rate of 13 mmHg / s, the pressure is stopped and slowly released at a rate of 4 mmHg / s while collecting the human pulse wave signal. When the cuff pressure is deflated to 20 mmHg below the diastolic pressure, the pressure is rapidly released, and the systolic and diastolic pressures are calculated to complete the measurement.

[0100] For subject A whose blood pressure is 130 / 80 mmHg, the measurement time is calculated as follows:

[0101] During the pressurization process, the pressure is increased rapidly at a rate of 13 mmHg / s from 0 to 160 mmHg, then slowly reduced to 60 mmHg at a rate of 4 mmHg / s, and finally rapidly reduced at a rate of 80 mmHg / s to end the measurement. The time taken for this blood pressure measurement is: t3 = 160 / 13 + (160-60) / 4 + (60 / 80) ≈ 38 seconds.

[0102] For subject B, whose blood pressure measurement result is 180 / 80 mmHg, the measurement time is calculated as follows:

[0103] During the pressurization process, the pressure was increased rapidly at a rate of 13 mmHg / s from 0 to 210 mmHg, then slowly released at a rate of 4 mmHg / s to 60 mmHg, and finally released rapidly at a rate of 80 mmHg / s to end the measurement. The time taken for this blood pressure measurement was: t3 = 210 / 13 + (210-60) / 4 + 60 / 80 ≈ 54 seconds.

[0104] The comparison of blood pressure measurement time of Example 2 and 3 comparative examples is as follows:

[0105] It can be seen from the data in the table that as the pressure difference between systolic and diastolic pressure increases, the blood pressure measurement time of the present invention is shortened more significantly compared with the oscillometric method and the stethoscope-like method.

[0106] Clinical accuracy comparison experiment of Example 2 and three comparative examples:

[0107] Based on the ISO 81060-2 (2018) clinical testing standard for sphygmomanometers, 85 people were tested, using mercury sphygmomanometer auscultation values ​​as a reference. The clinical accuracy levels were compared as follows:

[0108] As can be seen from the data in the table, this embodiment combines the advantages of the oscillometric method and the stethoscope-like method, which not only improves the accuracy of systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurement in non-invasive blood pressure measurement, but also significantly reduces the measurement time and improves the measurement comfort.

[0109] Example 3

[0110] In this embodiment:

[0111] The airbag structure cuff is a large airbag cuff 1 that can wrap around the arm and is used to apply pressure to the upper arm at an average speed V1, pressing the blood vessels in the arm and blocking blood flow;

[0112] Unlike Example 1, in this embodiment, the blood flow sensing device uses a photoelectric sensor probe (with a green light source), which is stably fixed downstream of the large air bag cuff along the direction of blood flow in the arm artery to pick up blood flow oscillation changes during blood circulation in the blood vessel;

[0113] Similar to Example 1, the limb pressure module is composed of a first air pump, a first quick-release valve, and a slow-release valve, and is used to inflate or deflate the large air bag cuff, thereby pressurizing or relieving the arm; the limb pressure sensing module is a first air pressure sensor, and is used to sense the air pressure signal from the large air bag cuff and collect the pulse wave signal;

[0114] Different from Example 1, in this embodiment, the blood flow sensing control module is a photoelectric drive circuit; the blood flow sensing module is a photoelectric collection circuit, which is used to collect blood flow change oscillation signals during blood circulation from the photoelectric sensor probe.

[0115] Referring to FIG7 , taking a subject with a blood pressure test result of 130 / 80 mmHg and a heart rate of 60 beats / min as an example, the measurement method is as follows:

[0116] S1, pressurization process; the first air pump in the limb pressure module pressurizes the large air bag cuff 1 at 8mmHg / pulse average velocity (V11=8mmHg / pulse, (the average velocity of the low-pressure segment of V1). When the air pressure in the large air bag cuff 1 reaches 80mmHg, it continues to pressurize the large air bag cuff 1 at 13mmHg / pulse average velocity V12 (the average velocity of the high-pressure segment of V1), so that the limb artery is gradually pressurized and closed until the artery is completely blocked.

[0117] The pulse wave signal from the large airbag cuff 1 and the blood flow signal from the photoelectric sensor probe are simultaneously collected. When the air pressure in the airbag cuff exceeds the estimated "estimated high pressure," or when the blood flow oscillation signal from the photoelectric sensor probe completely disappears, the current value of the air pressure signal in the large airbag cuff 1 is used as the estimated systolic pressure SYS1. After increasing the pressure by 25 mmHg, the pressure is discontinued. The diastolic pressure DIA is calculated using the oscillometric principle. The estimated "estimated high pressure" is calculated as: 3*PP - 2*DIA1. PP is the cuff pressure corresponding to the maximum pulse wave in the airbag cuff, i.e., the estimated average pressure. DIA1 is the cuff pressure corresponding to the pulse amplitude reaching 70% of the maximum amplitude during the airbag cuff pressurization process, i.e., the estimated diastolic pressure DIA1.

[0118] S2, slow decompression process; the air bag cuff 1 slowly decompresses at an average rate V2 of 4 mmHg / pulse through the slow release valve in the main unit. During this period, the photoelectric acquisition circuit collects the blood flow oscillation signal from the photoelectric sensor probe in real time. When the photoelectric sensor probe continuously extracts two or more blood flow signals, the air pressure in the air bag cuff 1 corresponding to the start of the first blood flow signal is the systolic pressure SYS. The final systolic pressure SYS' is equal to the weighted average of the predicted systolic pressure SYS1 and the systolic pressure SYS: SYS' = (2*SYS1 + 8*SYS) / 10, where the weight is 2:8. Slow decompression stops at this point.

[0119] S3, rapid decompression process: The large air bag cuff 1 is decompressed rapidly through the quick release valve 1 at an average rate V3 of 80 mmHg / pulse, and the measurement ends.

[0120] During the entire process, the relationship between the cuff pressure in the large air bag cuff 1 and time is shown in FIG7 .

[0121] For subject A, whose blood pressure measurement result is 130 / 80 mmHg, the predicted systolic pressure SYS1 is 135 mmHg, the maximum pressure height is 160 mmHg, the systolic pressure SYS is 130 mmHg, the final systolic pressure SYS' is 131 mmHg, and the diastolic DIA is 20 mmHg. The measurement time is calculated as follows:

[0122] 1. During the pressurization process, 8mmHg / pulse rate is used for pressurization from 0 to 80mmHg, and 13mmHg / pulse rate is used for pressurization from 80 to 160mmHg. The pressurization time is 80 / 8 + (160-80) / 13 ≈ 16.15s;

[0123] 2. When the pressure of the large air bag cuff 1 reaches 160 mmHg, it is decompressed to 125 mmHg at a rate of 4 mmHg / pulse. The decompression time is (160-125) / 4 = 8.75 seconds.

[0124] 3. Finally, rapidly release the pressure at a rate of 80 mmHg / pulse to end the measurement. The rapid pressure release time is: 125 / 80 ≈ 1.56 seconds.

[0125] Therefore, the total time for blood pressure measurement is about 26 seconds.

[0126] For subject B, whose blood pressure measurement result is 180 / 80 mmHg, the predicted systolic pressure SYS1 is 185 mmHg, the maximum pressure height is 210 mmHg, the systolic pressure SYS is 180 mmHg, the final systolic pressure SYS' is 181 mmHg, and the diastolic pressure is 80 mmHg. The measurement time is calculated as follows:

[0127] 1. During the pressurization process, 8 mmHg / pulse rate is used for pressurization from 0 to 80 mmHg, and 13 mmHg / pulse rate is used for pressurization from 80 to 210 mmHg. The pressurization time is 80 / 8 + (210-80) / 13 = 20 seconds.

[0128] 2. When the pressure of the large air bag cuff 1 reaches 210 mmHg, it is decompressed to 175 mmHg at a rate of 4 mmHg / pulse. The decompression time is (210-175) / 4 = 8.75 seconds.

[0129] 3. Finally, quickly release the pressure at a rate of 80 mmHg / pulse to end the measurement. The rapid pressure release time is: 175 / 80≈2.19s.

[0130] Therefore, the total time for blood pressure measurement is about 31 seconds.

[0131] Comparing Example 3 with the three comparative examples, the overall measurement time comparison is as follows:

[0132] It can be seen from the data in the table that as the pressure difference between systolic and diastolic pressure increases, the blood pressure measurement time of the present invention is shortened more significantly compared with the oscillometric method and the stethoscope-like method.

[0133] Comparative Experiment on Clinical Accuracy of Example 3 and Three Comparative Examples

[0134] Based on the ISO 81060-2 (2018) clinical testing standard for sphygmomanometers, 85 people were tested, using mercury sphygmomanometer auscultation values ​​as a reference. The clinical accuracy levels were compared as follows:

[0135] As can be seen from the data in the table, this embodiment combines the advantages of the oscillometric method and the stethoscope-like method, which not only improves the accuracy of systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurement in non-invasive blood pressure measurement, but also significantly reduces the measurement time and improves the measurement comfort.

[0136] Example 4

[0137] In this embodiment:

[0138] The airbag structure cuff is a large airbag cuff that can wrap around the arm and is used to apply pressure to the upper arm at an average speed V1, pressing the blood vessels in the arm and blocking blood flow;

[0139] The blood flow sensing device uses a Doppler pulse probe or radar probe, which acts under the large air bag cuff to pick up the blood flow oscillation changes during blood circulation in the blood vessels;

[0140] The limb pressure module consists of a first air pump, a first quick-release valve, and a slow-release valve, and is used to inflate or deflate the large air bag cuff, thereby pressurizing or relieving the arm. The limb pressure sensing module, namely the first air pressure sensor, is used to sense the air pressure signal from the large air bag cuff and collect the pulse wave signal, and is consistent with the design in Example 1.

[0141] The blood flow sensing control module is a Doppler driving circuit or a radar driving circuit; the blood flow sensing module is a Doppler signal acquisition circuit or a radar signal acquisition circuit, which is used to collect the pulse wave oscillation signal during blood circulation from the Doppler pulse probe or the radar probe.

[0142] For subject A, whose blood pressure result is 130 / 80 mmHg, the measurement method is as follows:

[0143] S1, pressurization process: The first air pump in the limb pressure module pressurizes the large air bag cuff at an average speed V1 of 8 mmHg / s, so that the limb artery is gradually compressed and closed until the artery is completely blocked.

[0144] Simultaneously collect the pulse wave signal from the large air bag cuff and the blood flow signal from the Doppler pulse probe or radar probe. When the pulse wave signal strength in the large air bag cuff decreases from strong to half of the maximum pulse wave signal strength, or when the blood flow change oscillation signal in the Doppler pulse probe or radar probe completely disappears, use the current value of the air pressure signal in the large air bag cuff as the predicted systolic pressure SYS1; continue to pressurize for 20 mmHg, then stop pressurizing. At this time, the maximum pressurization height is about 160 mmHg. Calculate the diastolic pressure DIA according to the oscillometric principle.

[0145] S2, slow decompression process: The large air bag cuff is decompressed at an average speed V2 of 8 mmHg / s through the slow release valve in the main unit. During this period, the Doppler signal acquisition circuit or the radar signal acquisition circuit collects the pulse oscillation signal in the Doppler pulse probe or the radar probe in real time. When the Doppler pulse probe or the radar probe continuously extracts two or more blood flow passing signals, the air pressure in the large air bag cuff corresponding to the starting moment of the first blood flow passing signal is the systolic pressure SYS. At this time, the air pressure slowly decreases to about 125 mmHg.

[0146] S3, rapid decompression process: The large air bag cuff passes through the first quick release valve and releases pressure at an average rate of V3 of 25 mmHg / s, and the measurement ends.

[0147] For a subject with a blood pressure measurement result of 130 / 80 mmHg, the predicted systolic pressure SYS1 is 140 mmHg, the maximum pressure height is 160 mmHg, the systolic pressure SYS is 130 mmHg, and the diastolic pressure is 20 mmHg. The measurement time is calculated as follows:

[0148] During the pressurization process, the pressure is increased at a rate of 8mmHg / s from 0 to 160mmHg. When the pressure of the large air cuff reaches 160mmHg, it is depressurized at a rate of 8mmHg / s to 125mmHg, and finally at a rate of 25mmHg / s to end the measurement. The time taken for this blood pressure measurement is: 160 / 8 + (160-125) / 8 + 125 / 25 ≈ 29 seconds;

[0149] For a subject with a blood pressure measurement result of 180 / 80 mmHg, the predicted systolic pressure SYS1 is 190 mmHg, the maximum pressure height is 210 mmHg, the systolic pressure SYS is 180 mmHg, and the diastolic pressure is 80 mmHg. The measurement time is calculated as follows:

[0150] During the pressurization process, the pressure is increased rapidly at a rate of 8 mmHg / s from 0 to 210 mmHg. When the cuff pressure reaches 210 mmHg, it is depressurized at a rate of 8 mmHg / s to 175 mmHg. Finally, the pressure is rapidly depressurized at a rate of 25 mmHg / s to end the measurement. The time taken for this blood pressure measurement is: 210 / 8 + (210-175) / 8 + 175 / 25 = 38 seconds.

[0151] Taking subjects with blood pressure of 130 / 80 mmHg and 180 / 80 mmHg as an example, compared with the three comparative examples, the measurement time of Example 4 is significantly shortened, and the measurement comfort is improved.

[0152] Example 5

[0153] In this embodiment:

[0154] The airbag structure cuff is an airbag wristband that can wrap around the wrist and is used to apply pressure to the wrist at an average speed V1, pressing the blood vessels in the wrist and blocking blood flow;

[0155] The blood flow sensing device uses a photoelectric sensor probe, which acts on the finger. The light source uses red light or infrared light to pick up the blood flow oscillation changes when the blood circulates in the blood vessels.

[0156] The limb pressure module, consisting of a first air pump, a first quick-release valve, and a slow-release valve, is used to inflate or deflate the airbag wristband, thereby applying or relieving pressure on the limb. The limb pressure sensing module, namely the first air pressure sensor, is used to sense air pressure signals from the airbag wristband and collect pulse wave signals. This design is consistent with that of Example 1.

[0157] The blood flow sensing control module is a photoelectric drive circuit; the blood flow sensing module is a photoelectric collection circuit, which is used to collect blood flow change oscillation signals during blood circulation from the photoelectric sensor probe.

[0158] Taking subject A, whose blood pressure is 130 / 80 mmHg, as an example, the measurement method is as follows:

[0159] S1, pressurization process; the first air pump in the limb pressure module pressurizes the airbag wristband at an average speed V11 of 10mmHg / s (the average speed of the low-pressure section of V1). When the air pressure in the airbag wristband reaches 80mmHg, the airbag wristband continues to be pressurized at an average speed V12 of 20mmHg / s (the average speed of the high-pressure section of V1), so that the wrist artery is gradually pressurized and closed until the artery is completely blocked.

[0160] Simultaneously, the pulse wave signal from the airbag wristband and the blood flow signal from the photoelectric sensor probe are collected. When the pulse wave signal strength in the airbag wristband decreases from strong to half of the maximum pulse wave signal strength, or when the blood flow change oscillation signal in the photoelectric sensor probe completely disappears, the current value of the air pressure signal in the airbag wristband is used as the predicted systolic pressure SYS1. After continuing to pressurize for 30 mmHg, the pressurization is stopped. At this time, the maximum pressurization height is about 160 mmHg. The diastolic pressure DIA is calculated according to the oscillometric principle.

[0161] S2, slow decompression process; the airbag wristband slowly releases pressure at an average rate V2 of 5mmHg / pulse through the slow release valve in the host. During this period, the photoelectric acquisition circuit collects the blood flow oscillation signal in the photoelectric sensor probe in real time. When the photoelectric sensor probe continuously extracts two or more blood flow passing signals, the air pressure in the airbag wristband corresponding to the starting moment of the first blood flow passing signal is the systolic pressure SYS. At this time, the air pressure slowly drops to about 125mmHg.

[0162] S3, rapid pressure relief process: The airbag wristband passes through the first quick release valve and quickly releases pressure at an average speed V3 of 50 mmHg / s, and the measurement ends.

[0163] For a subject with a blood pressure measurement result of 130 / 80 mmHg, the predicted systolic pressure SYS1 is 130 mmHg, the maximum pressure height is 160 mmHg, the systolic pressure SYS is 130 mmHg, and the diastolic pressure is 80 mmHg. The measurement time is calculated as follows:

[0164] During the pressurization process, the pressure is increased at a rate of 10 mmHg / s from 0 to 80 mmHg, and at a rate of 20 mmHg / s from 80 to 160 mmHg. When the pressure of the airbag wristband reaches 160 mmHg, it is released at a rate of 5 mmHg / s to 125 mmHg, and finally at a rate of 50 mmHg / s to end the measurement. The time taken for this blood pressure measurement is: 80 / 10 + (160-80) / 20 + (160-125) / 5 + 125 / 50 ≈ 22 seconds;

[0165] For a subject with a blood pressure measurement result of 180 / 80 mmHg, the predicted systolic pressure SYS1 is 180 mmHg, the maximum pressure height is 210 mmHg, the systolic pressure SYS is 180 mmHg, and the diastolic pressure is 80 mmHg. The measurement time is calculated as follows:

[0166] During the pressurization process, the pressure is increased at a rate of 10 mmHg / s from 0 to 100 mmHg, and at a rate of 20 mmHg / s from 100 to 210 mmHg. When the pressure of the airbag wristband reaches 210 mmHg, it is released at a rate of 5 mmHg / s to 175 mmHg, and finally at a rate of 50 mmHg / s to end the measurement. The time taken for this blood pressure measurement is: 100 / 10 + (210-100) / 20 + (210-175) / 5 + 175 / 50 ≈ 26 seconds;

[0167] Taking subjects with blood pressure of 130 / 80 mmHg and 180 / 80 mmHg as an example, compared with the three comparative examples, the measurement time of Example 5 is significantly shortened, and the measurement comfort is improved.

[0168] Example 6

[0169] In this embodiment:

[0170] The airbag structure cuff is a large airbag cuff that can wrap around the arm and is used to apply pressure to the upper arm at an average speed V1, pressing the blood vessels in the arm and blocking blood flow;

[0171] The blood flow sensing device uses a piezoelectric sensor probe, which is located downstream of the large air bag cuff along the blood flow direction of the arm artery, and is used to pick up the blood flow oscillation changes when blood circulates in the blood vessels.

[0172] The limb pressure module, consisting of a first air pump, a first quick-release valve, and a slow-release valve, is used to inflate or deflate the large air bag cuff, thereby applying or relieving pressure on the arm. The limb pressure sensing module, namely the first air pressure sensor, is used to sense air pressure signals from the large air bag cuff and collect pulse wave signals. This design is consistent with that of Example 1.

[0173] The blood flow sensing control module is a piezoelectric driving circuit; the blood flow sensing module is a piezoelectric acquisition circuit, which is used to collect blood flow change oscillation signals during blood circulation from the piezoelectric sensing probe.

[0174] Taking the measurement of a subject with a systolic blood pressure of 130 mmHg and a diastolic blood pressure of 80 mmHg as an example, the measurement method is as follows:

[0175] S1, pressurization process; the first air pump in the limb pressure module pressurizes the large air bag cuff at an average speed V11 of 15mmHg / s (the average speed of the low-pressure segment of V1). When the air pressure in the large air bag cuff reaches 80mmHg, the large air bag cuff continues to be pressurized at an average speed V12 of 25mmHg / pulse (the average speed of the high-pressure segment of V1), so that the limb artery is gradually pressurized and closed until the artery is completely blocked.

[0176] Simultaneously, the pulse wave signal from the air bag cuff and the blood flow signal from the piezoelectric sensor probe are collected. When the pulse wave signal strength in the air bag cuff decreases from strong to half of the maximum pulse wave signal strength, or when the blood flow change oscillation signal in the piezoelectric sensor probe completely disappears, the current value of the air pressure signal in the air bag cuff is used as the predicted systolic pressure SYS1. After continuing to pressurize for 25 mmHg, the pressurization is stopped. At this time, the maximum pressurization height is about 160 mmHg. The diastolic pressure DIA is calculated according to the oscillometric principle.

[0177] S2, slow decompression process; the large air bag cuff slowly releases pressure at an average rate V2 of 2mmHg / pulse through the slow release valve in the main unit. During this period, the piezoelectric acquisition circuit collects the blood flow oscillation signal in the piezoelectric sensor probe in real time. When the piezoelectric sensor probe continuously extracts two or more blood flow passing signals, the air pressure in the large air bag cuff corresponding to the starting moment of the first blood flow passing signal is the systolic pressure SYS. At this time, the air pressure slowly drops to about 125mmHg.

[0178] S3, rapid decompression process: The large air bag cuff is decompressed rapidly through the quick release valve 1 at an average speed V3 of 100 mmHg / s, and the measurement ends.

[0179] For a subject with a blood pressure measurement result of 130 / 80 mmHg, the predicted systolic pressure SYS1 is 135 mmHg, the maximum pressure height is 160 mmHg, the systolic pressure SYS is 130 mmHg, and the diastolic pressure is 80 mmHg. The measurement time is calculated as follows:

[0180] During the pressurization process, the pressure is increased at a rate of 15 mmHg / s from 0 to 80 mmHg, and at a rate of 25 mmHg / s from 80 to 160 mmHg. When the pressure of the large air cuff reaches 160 mmHg, it is depressurized at a rate of 2 mmHg / s to 125 mmHg, and finally at a rate of 100 mmHg / s to end the measurement. The time taken for this blood pressure measurement is: 80 / 15 + (160-80) / 25 + (160-125) / 2 + 125 / 100 ≈ 27 seconds;

[0181] For a subject with a blood pressure measurement result of 180 / 80 mmHg, the predicted systolic pressure SYS1 is 185 mmHg, the maximum pressure height is 210 mmHg, the systolic pressure SYS is 180 mmHg, and the diastolic pressure is 80 mmHg. The measurement time is calculated as follows:

[0182] During the pressurization process, the pressure is increased at 15 mmHg / pulse rate from 0 to 80 mmHg, and at 25 mmHg / pulse rate from 80 to 210 mmHg. When the pressure of the large air cuff reaches 210 mmHg, it is decompressed at a rate of 2 mmHg / s to 175 mmHg, and finally at a rate of 100 mmHg / s to end the measurement. The time taken for this blood pressure measurement is: 80 / 15 + (210-80) / 25 + (210-175) / 2 + 175 / 100 ≈ 30 seconds;

[0183] Taking subjects with blood pressure of 130 / 80 mmHg and 180 / 80 mmHg as an example, compared with the three comparative examples, the measurement time of Example 6 is significantly shortened, and the measurement comfort is improved.

[0184] Example 7

[0185] In this embodiment:

[0186] The airbag cuff is replaced with a mechanical strap and piezoelectric sensor probe, placed between the strap and the upper arm. The strap wraps around the upper arm and applies pressure at an average speed of V1, compressing the blood vessels and blocking blood flow.

[0187] The blood flow sensing device uses a photoelectric sensor probe, which is stably fixed downstream of the mechanical strap along the blood flow direction of the arm artery to pick up the blood flow oscillation changes during blood circulation in the blood vessels.

[0188] The limb pressure module includes a servo driver and a servo motor, which are used to control the mechanical strap to apply pressure or release pressure on the arm; the limb pressure sensing module is a piezoelectric sensor probe (not a probe), which is used to collect pressure signals and pulse wave signals from the piezoelectric sensor probe.

[0189] The blood flow sensing control module is a photoelectric drive circuit; the blood flow sensing module is a photoelectric collection circuit, which is used to collect blood flow change oscillation signals during blood circulation from the photoelectric sensor probe.

[0190] Taking the blood pressure of a subject with a systolic blood pressure of 130 mmHg and a diastolic blood pressure of 80 mmHg as an example, the measurement method is as follows:

[0191] S1, pressurization process; the servo drive and servo motor control the mechanical strap to apply pressure to the arm at an average speed V11 of 15 mmHg / s (the average speed of the low-pressure section of V1). When the pressure sensed by the piezoelectric sensor probe reaches 80 mmHg, pressure is continued to be applied to the arm at an average speed V12 of 35 mmHg / s (the average speed of the high-pressure section of V1), causing the limb artery to gradually be compressed and closed until the artery is completely blocked.

[0192] Simultaneously, the pulse wave signal sensed by the piezoelectric sensor probe and the blood flow signal from the photoelectric sensor are collected. When the pulse wave signal strength sensed by the piezoelectric sensor probe decreases from strong to half of the maximum pulse wave signal strength, or when the blood flow change oscillation signal in the photoelectric sensor probe completely disappears, the current value sensed by the piezoelectric sensor probe is used as the predicted systolic pressure SYS1. After continuing to pressurize for 25 mmHg, the pressurization is stopped. At this time, the maximum pressurization height is about 160 mmHg. The diastolic pressure DIA is calculated according to the oscillometric principle.

[0193] S2, slow pressure relief process; the mechanical strap slowly releases pressure at an average speed V2 of 1 mmHg / s. During this period, the photoelectric acquisition circuit collects the blood flow oscillation signal in the photoelectric sensor probe in real time. When the photoelectric sensor probe continuously extracts two or more blood flow signals, the pressure sensed by the piezoelectric sensor probe corresponding to the starting moment of the first blood flow signal is the systolic pressure SYS. At this time, the applied pressure has slowly decreased to about 125 mmHg.

[0194] S3, rapid pressure relief process: the mechanical strap is quickly loosened at an average speed V3 of 120 mmHg / s, and the measurement ends.

[0195] For a subject with a blood pressure measurement result of 130 / 80 mmHg, the predicted systolic pressure SYS1 is 135 mmHg, the maximum pressure height is 160 mmHg, the systolic pressure SYS is 130 mmHg, and the diastolic pressure is 80 mmHg. The measurement time is calculated as follows:

[0196] During the pressurization process, the pressure is increased at a rate of 15 mmHg / s from 0 to 100 mmHg and at a rate of 35 mmHg / s from 100 to 160 mmHg. When the pressure of the large air cuff reaches 160 mmHg, the pressure is released at a rate of 2 mmHg / s to 125 mmHg, and finally at a rate of 120 mmHg / s to end the measurement. The time taken for this blood pressure measurement is: 100 / 15 + (160-100) / 35 + (160-125) / 2 + 125 / 120 ≈ 27 seconds;

[0197] For a subject with a blood pressure measurement result of 180 / 80 mmHg, the predicted systolic pressure SYS1 is 185 mmHg, the maximum pressure height is 210 mmHg, the systolic pressure SYS is 180 mmHg, and the diastolic pressure is 80 mmHg. The measurement time is calculated as follows:

[0198] During the pressurization process, the pressure is increased at 15 mmHg / pulse rate from 0-100 mmHg and at 35 mmHg / pulse rate from 100-210 mmHg. When the pressure of the large air bag cuff reaches 210 mmHg, it is released at a rate of 2 mmHg / s to 175 mmHg. Finally, the cuff is quickly loosened at a rate of 120 mmHg / s to end the measurement. The time taken for this blood pressure measurement is: 100 / 15 + (210-100) / 35 + (210-175) / 2 + 175 / 120 ≈ 29 seconds;

[0199] Taking subjects with blood pressure of 130 / 80 mmHg and 180 / 80 mmHg as an example, compared with the three comparative examples, the measurement time of Example 7 is significantly shortened, and the measurement comfort is improved.

Claims

1. A blood pressure measuring device, comprising: The host, the airbag structure cuff and the blood flow sensing device, the host includes: a limb pressure module, a limb pressure sensing module, a blood flow sensing control module, a blood flow sensing module and a blood pressure calculation module, characterized in that: The airbag structure cuff can wrap around the arm for a period of time, and is used to apply pressure to the arm at an average speed V1, thereby pressing the blood vessels in the arm and blocking the blood flow; The blood flow sensing device is located downstream of the arterial occlusion point where the airbag structure cuff is located, and is used to pick up changes in blood flow in the blood vessel; The limb pressure sensing module is used to sense air pressure signals and collect pulse wave signals from the airbag structure cuff; The limb pressure module is used to apply pressure to or release pressure on the limb of the airbag structure cuff; The blood flow sensing module is used to collect blood flow change signals in limb blood vessels from the blood flow sensing device; The blood flow sensing control module is used to control the start and stop of the blood flow sensing device; The blood pressure calculation module is used to calculate the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure according to the signals collected by the limb pressure sensing module and the blood flow sensing module; During the process of the airbag structure cuff applying pressure to the limb through the limb pressure module, the limb pressure sensing module collects the pulse wave signal sensed by the airbag structure cuff, and when the pulse wave signal intensity decreases from strong to a certain degree or the current air pressure in the airbag structure cuff exceeds the estimated high pressure, or the blood flow sensing module cannot collect the blood flow signal in the limb blood vessels, the limb pressure module stops applying pressure and slowly releases the pressure, and the blood pressure calculation module calculates the diastolic pressure according to the oscillometric principle; During the process of the airbag structure cuff relieving pressure on the limbs through the limb pressure module, the blood flow detects the pulse oscillation signal when the blood flow is rushed through the sensing sensor module, and the blood pressure calculation module uses the current signal collected by the corresponding limb pressure sensing module at this time as the systolic pressure, and the limb pressure module controls the airbag structure cuff to quickly relieve pressure to complete the measurement.

2. The blood pressure measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: The blood flow sensing device is a photoelectric sensor probe, a small air bag cuff, a radar probe, a Doppler pulse probe or a piezoelectric sensor probe.

3. The blood pressure measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: The certain degree is 30-70% of the maximum pulse wave signal strength.

4. A method for measuring blood pressure using the blood pressure measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, pressurization process: the limb pressure module pressurizes the airbag structure cuff at an average speed V1, and the limb pressure sensing module collects the pulse wave signal in the airbag structure cuff; at the same time, the blood flow sensing control module controls the blood flow sensing device to sense the blood flow state in the blood vessel, and the blood flow sensing module collects the blood flow signal sensed by the blood flow sensing device; During the pressurization process, the pulse wave signal in the airbag structure cuff and the blood flow circulation signal at the position where the blood flows through the sensing device are collected at the same time; in the blood pressure calculation module, when the pulse wave signal intensity decreases from strong to a certain degree or the air pressure in the current airbag structure cuff exceeds the estimated high pressure, or the blood flow through the sensing module cannot collect the blood flow signal in the limb blood vessels, the air pressure signal in the airbag structure cuff at this time is used as the predicted systolic pressure SYS1, after which the limb pressure module stops pressurizing, and the blood pressure calculation module calculates the diastolic pressure DIA according to the oscillometric method; S2, slow pressure relief process: the airbag structure cuff slowly releases pressure at an average speed of V2 through the limb pressure module. At the same time, the blood flow sensing module collects the blood flow flow signal in the blood flow sensing device in real time. When the blood flow sensing module collects the oscillation signal when the blood flow is blocked, the air pressure value in the airbag structure cuff at this time is defined as the systolic pressure SYS, and the slow pressure relief is stopped at this time; S3, rapid decompression process: the limb pressure module in the host controls the airbag structure cuff to rapidly decompress at an average speed of V3, and the blood flow through the sensing control module controls the blood flow through the sensing device to end the sensing, and the measurement ends.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The systolic pressure may also be calculated as follows: the systolic pressure SYS' is equal to the weighted average of SYS1 and SYS.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The method for collecting the pulse oscillation signal when the blood flow is opened in step S2 is: when more than two pulse oscillation signals are continuously extracted, the starting time of the first pulse oscillation signal is obtained.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The average speed V1 described in step S1 includes an average speed in a low-pressure section and an average speed in a high-pressure section, and the average speed in the low-pressure section is less than or equal to the average speed in the high-pressure section.

8. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The average velocity V1 ≥ 2 mmHg / s or ≥ 2 mmHg / pulse; The average velocity V2 is ≤20 mmHg / s or ≤20 mmHg / pulse; The average velocity V3 is ≥10 mmHg / s or ≥10 mmHg / pulse.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The average velocity V1 ≥ 8 mmHg / s or ≥ 8 mmHg / pulse; The average speed V2≤8mmHg / s or ≤8mmHg / pulse; The average velocity V3 is ≥20 mmHg / s or ≥20 mmHg / pulse.

10. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that: During the pressurization process, the high pressure section is pressurized quickly. When the pulse wave signal sensed by the limb pressure sensing module weakens from strong to a certain level, or the air pressure in the current airbag structure cuff exceeds the estimated high pressure, or the blood flow sensing module cannot collect the blood flow signal in the limb blood vessels, the pressure is stopped and the pressure is slowly released, and the diastolic pressure is calculated according to the oscillometric principle. During the slow pressure relief process, the blood flow passes through the induction sensor module to detect the pulse oscillation signal when the blood flow rushes out, thereby obtaining the systolic pressure; after obtaining the systolic pressure, the pressure is relieved quickly to complete the measurement.

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