Detector

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a detector that is space-saving and does not require special machining of a frame or the like, and that is capable of controlling an operation state by accurately detecting the occurrence of abnormal vibration in a centrifugal separation device. [Solution] The present invention comprises: a housing 202 disposed at a prescribed position on an outer peripheral surface 100a of a centrifugal separation device 100; a determination unit 212 that is disposed in the housing 202, receives detection signals from various sensors, and determines whether the detection signals indicate a normal operation or an abnormal operation of the centrifugal separation device 100; and a first notification unit 218 that issues a notification that the centrifugal separation device is in an abnormal operation state if the determination unit 212 determines that the operation is abnormal. A sensor is a vibration detection sensor 216 for detecting vibration of the centrifugal separation device 100. The vibration detection sensor 216 is disposed in the housing 202.

Description

detector

[0001] The present invention relates to a detector, and more particularly to a detector that is disposed in a centrifugal separator mounted on a ship or the like, and detects abnormal vibrations of the equipment.

[0002] Centrifugal separators used to purify marine fuel oil and lubricating oil have traditionally been installed on large ships. For example, in centrifugal separators that rotate at high speeds, excessive mechanical vibration can cause contact between the rotor and the frame, and damage to the bearings supporting the rotating shaft or the shaft itself, leading to serious accidents and significantly affecting operational safety. Vibration is caused by factors such as uneven mass distribution in the rotor and bearing damage. In addition, in self-draining centrifugal separators, when solids (sludge) separated from the treated liquid are discharged, the solids can accumulate within the rotor, causing imbalance and resulting in abnormal vibration. When abnormal vibration occurs, the machine must be stopped immediately, so a system that can detect the vibration state of the machine and control its operating status is required.

[0003] Various systems have been provided for monitoring mechanical vibrations in centrifugal separators that rotate at high speeds, and one known example is a mechanical vibration switch that is disposed on the side of the frame of the centrifugal separator, as disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1. This type of vibration switch is a mechanical vibration detection device that uses a microswitch that activates when vibrations caused by abnormal vibrations exceed a set value.

[0004] However, the mechanical vibration detection device disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 uses mechanical contacts such as a microswitch, and therefore may falsely detect vibrations outside the specific frequency band that is monitored, such as those caused by rotational imbalance of the device to which it is attached. It also cannot continuously indicate vibration acceleration. Furthermore, centrifugal separators used on large ships to purify marine fuel oil, lubricating oil, and the like are often installed in the ship's engine room. When installed in a ship's engine room, the device may detect not only vibrations from the centrifugal separator itself but also vibrations from the surrounding environment, which can lead to overestimation of vibration values ​​or false detection.

[0005] Tokyo Keiki Co., Ltd. "Vibration Detector VD-10" Instruction Manual "Operating Principle" page Internet <URL: https: / / www.tokyokeiki.jp / Portals / 0 / images / products / pdf / measurement / manual / manual_vd_10_k14_005e.pdf>

[0006] The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a detector that can accurately detect the occurrence of abnormal vibrations in a centrifugal separator and control the operating state.

[0007] In order to achieve this object, the first invention is a detector comprising: a housing arranged at a predetermined position on the outer periphery of a centrifugal separator; a determination unit arranged within the housing, which receives detection signals from various sensors and determines whether the detection signals indicate normal or abnormal operation of the centrifugal separator; and a notification unit which, when the determination unit determines that the centrifugal separator is operating abnormally, issues a notification that the separator is in an abnormal operating state, wherein the sensor is a vibration detection sensor which detects vibrations of the centrifugal separator, and the vibration detection sensor is arranged in the housing.

[0008] The second invention is a detector according to the first invention, wherein the centrifugal separator separates a liquid containing solids with a high specific gravity from a liquid with a low specific gravity, and includes an outlet pressure detection sensor disposed in the outlet region of the liquid with a low specific gravity and detecting the outlet pressure of the outlet, and the determination unit receives a detection signal from the outlet pressure detection sensor and determines whether the detection signal indicates normal or abnormal operation of the centrifugal separator.

[0009] The third invention is a detector according to the first or second invention, characterized in that the alarm unit is a first alarm unit arranged in the housing, or a second alarm unit arranged in a remote location and capable of remote alarming, or both.

[0010] The fourth aspect of the present invention is a detector according to the third aspect of the present invention, further comprising at least one of a leak detection function, a discharge detection function, a partial discharge detection function, and a moisture detection function.

[0011] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a detector that can accurately detect the occurrence of abnormal vibrations in a centrifugal separator and control the operating state.

[0012] 16 is a schematic front view of a centrifugal separator equipped with a detector of the present invention. FIG. 16 is a schematic front view of a detector. FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the inside of a detector. FIG. 16 is a block diagram of abnormal vibration detection. FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a digital filter (low-pass filter). FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a digital filter (high-pass filter). FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a digital filter (band-pass filter). FIG. 16 is a front cross-sectional view of a main part of a centrifugal separator. FIG. 16 is a schematic perspective view of a separation plate of a first embodiment. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrows III-III in FIG. 9 showing an example of stacking of separation plates of the first embodiment. FIG. 16 is a plan view of a separation plate of the first embodiment. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a separation plate of the first embodiment. FIG. 16 is a schematic perspective view of a separation plate of a second embodiment. FIG. 16 is a schematic perspective view of a separation plate of a third embodiment. FIG. 16 is a schematic perspective view showing a flow state through a separation plate. FIG. 16 is an image flow diagram of streamlines between separation plates indicated by Xa and Xb in FIG.

[0013] Hereinafter, one embodiment of the detector of the present invention will be described. Note that this embodiment is merely one embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as being limited in any way, and appropriate design modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention.

[0014] In this embodiment, a detector 200 of the present invention is applied to a centrifugal separator 100 shown in FIG. 1 . In this embodiment, the detector 200 is sometimes referred to as a multi-monitor. The centrifugal separator 100 is intended for use in purifying raw fluids, such as marine diesel engine fuel oil and lubricating oil, as well as for classification and separation in various industrial fields. The centrifugal separator 100 is a vertical plate-type centrifugal separator with multiple truncated cone-shaped thin plates stacked along the axial direction of a guide tube with small gaps between them, mounted inside a rotor. The centrifugal separator 100 separates components with different specific gravities within the rotor by centrifugal force. In the case of diesel engine fuel oil, the components with different specific gravities are impurities with different specific gravities contained in the fluid to be treated. More specifically, they are solids and moisture that are separated and deposited within the rotor by centrifugal force.

[0015] The detector 200 detects frame vibration of the centrifugal separator 100, and when it determines that the frame vibration is abnormal vibration (abnormal operation of the centrifugal separator), it performs a predetermined notification process via the first notification unit, thereby stopping the operation (operation) of the centrifugal separator in which the abnormal vibration is occurring.

[0016] The detector 200 has a housing 202 that is rectangular in front view, and the housing 202 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface 100a of the centrifugal separator 100. The shape of the housing 202 is not particularly limited, and the design can be modified as appropriate within the scope of the present invention.

[0017] The housing 202 is open at the front and is composed of a hollow main body 204 that is tightly attached to the outer peripheral surface 100a of the centrifugal separator 100 by screwing or the like, and a lid 206 that is detachably disposed on the front of the main body 204 (see FIG. 3).

[0018] The main body 204 includes a determination unit 212 , a vibration detection sensor 216 , and a first notification unit 218 .

[0019] The determination unit 212 is disposed in the open front region of the main body 204, and is connected to a vibration detection sensor 216 to measure frame vibrations of the centrifugal separator 100 and determine whether or not there is abnormal vibration in the equipment. The internal memory of the determination unit 212 has a digital filter in which a detection frequency and a detection frequency range are set. In this embodiment, the determination unit 212 is also connected to an inlet pressure detection sensor 222, a temperature detection sensor 224, an outlet pressure detection sensor 226, a circulation line pressure detection sensor 228, and a rotation speed detection sensor 230, and determines whether or not there is an abnormality in each of them.

[0020] A display unit 214 constituting a first notification unit 218 is provided on the front side of the determination unit 212. In addition, a bottom plate 204c of the main body 204 is provided with wiring introduction sections 208 that are connected to the inlet pressure detection sensor 222, temperature detection sensor 224, outlet pressure detection sensor 226, circulation line pressure detection sensor 228, and rotation speed detection sensor 230, respectively, and a wiring extraction section 210 that sends an abnormal outflow detection signal, a discharge failure detection signal, an abnormal temperature detection signal, an abnormal moisture detection signal, an abnormal vibration detection signal, a high outlet pressure detection signal, etc. from the determination unit 212 to the control unit. Note that, although the control unit is assumed to be provided outside the detector 200 in this embodiment, it may also be provided inside the detector 200.

[0021] The cover 206 has a window 206a formed therein, through which the display unit 214 is visible (see FIG. 2).

[0022] In this embodiment, the vibration detection sensor 216 is assumed to be an acceleration sensor. In this embodiment, as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 3 , the acceleration sensor 216 is disposed so as to be in close contact with the inner surface of the back plate 204a of the main body 204 of the housing 202, which is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface 100a of the centrifugal separator 100. The acceleration sensor 216 is connected to the determination unit 212 and measures frame vibrations of the centrifugal separator 100. The acceleration sensor 216 is disposed within the housing 202 of the detector 200 to achieve compactness, but may also be disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the housing 202. Furthermore, the acceleration sensor 216 may be disposed in close contact with the outer peripheral surface 100a of the centrifugal separator 100 to avoid the effects of resonance with the housing 202.

[0023] The first notification unit 218 includes a lamp unit 219 arranged in a protruding outward direction on the top plate 204b of the main body 204 of the housing 202, and a display unit 214. In this embodiment, three lamp units 219 are arranged side by side. Each lamp unit 219 is connected to the determination unit 212 and performs notification operations such as lighting up or blinking in response to a signal from the determination unit 212. For example, the lamp units 219 are, from left to right when viewing the detector 200 shown in FIG. 2 from the front, a yellow LED lamp 219a, a green LED lamp 219b, and a red LED lamp 219c. The yellow LED lamp 219a blinks when the outlet pressure approaches the set pressure (within ±15%) and lights up when the outlet pressure falls within the set range (within ±3%). The green LED lamp 219b is set to light up during normal rotation (normal operation) of the centrifuge device 100. The red LED lamp 219c is configured to light up (or flash) during abnormal rotation (abnormal operation). This provides a visual indication of whether the centrifuge device 100 is operating normally or abnormally. Instead of the red LED lamp 219c, a red rotating warning light, also known as a patrol lamp, may be used. In this embodiment, the first notification unit 218 is designed to provide an audible alarm (alarm sound) in addition to the visual notification using the lamp unit 219. For example, when abnormal vibration is detected, an alarm sound is emitted from a speaker. The display unit 214 has an LED display function and is connected to the determination unit 212, which receives signals from various sensors. For example, in this embodiment, the display area designated by reference numeral 214a displays the liquid flow rate, the display area designated by reference numeral 214b displays the liquid flow temperature, and the area designated by reference numeral 214c appropriately displays the light liquid outlet pressure, horizontal axis rotation speed, heavy liquid circulation pressure, vibration speed, etc. The LED display is not limited to the present embodiment and can be modified in design according to specifications.

[0024] The operation of the detector 200 will now be described with reference to the system block diagram shown in FIG. 4. Data on frame vibration detected by the acceleration sensor 216 is digitally filtered according to the detection frequency and detection frequency range set in the internal memory of the determination unit 212. For example, if the vibration component of the centrifuge device 100 is 180 Hz, then by setting the detection frequency to 180 Hz and the detection frequency range to ±10 Hz, the acceleration of only the vibration component in the 180 Hz ±10 Hz band is converted into velocity. This function allows detection to be focused on the vibration component of the centrifuge device 100 alone, making it possible to monitor the vibration state of the centrifuge device 100 without being affected by vibrations in the surrounding environment (such as mechanical vibrations from the main engine or hull rolling in the case of a ship). The digital filters use low-pass, high-pass, and band-pass filters to attenuate frequency components outside the detection frequency range and thereby detect only specific frequency components (see FIGS. 5 to 7). For example, the positions of fc1 and fc2 are determined by the detection frequency range. For example, if the detection frequency of a bandpass filter is 180 Hz and the detection frequency range is ±10 Hz, then fc1 = 170 Hz and fc2 = 190 Hz. Widening this detection frequency range increases the risk of picking up unnecessary vibration components, while narrowing it too much may result in the rotation frequency falling outside the detection frequency range and making detection impossible when the centrifuge's rotation speed fluctuates. The detection frequency range is preferably between 1 and 30 Hz. The acceleration after the digital filter is integrated and converted to vibration velocity. After subtracting the average value of a certain number of measurement values ​​(400 points) to remove offset, root-mean-square processing is performed to calculate the effective value (peak value × 1 / √2). The one-second average of the effective velocity is calculated (updated every 0.5 seconds). The calculated one-second average is compared with speed setting value 1 and speed setting value 2. If the speed continues to exceed the speed holding time and the speed setting value, an abnormal vibration alarm is issued. The speed setting value and speed holding time are set in the internal memory of the determination unit 212. There are two types of speed setting values, and the speed holding time for each is the same. The vibration speed can be selected from four options: X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, and three-axis composite, by setting the internal memory.

[0025] As described above, the acceleration sensor 216 is disposed inside the housing 202 of the detector 200, and the calculation processing is also performed by the determination unit 212 disposed inside the detector 200, so there is no need to attach a new vibration measuring device to the outer circumferential surface 100a of the centrifuge device 100, and no additional processing of the frame is required. According to this embodiment, it is possible to accurately detect only the vibration component of the centrifuge device 100 without being affected by vibrations in the surrounding environment, and it is possible to constantly monitor the vibration state, so that it is possible to accurately detect the occurrence of abnormal vibrations in the centrifuge device 100 and appropriately control the operating state.

[0026] In this embodiment, a second notification unit 220 is also assumed to be provided to enable remote detection of an abnormal operating state of the centrifuge device 100 from a remote location. The provision of the second notification unit 220 enables remote monitoring by an operator in a remote location, such as an engine control room, in addition to the monitor display of the first notification unit 218 and the display unit 214 of the detector 200. This allows for confirmation, even from a different location, of increased vibration or an alarm being output. Items output by the second notification unit 220 include, for example, the liquid flow rate, liquid flow temperature, light liquid outlet pressure, horizontal shaft rotation speed, heavy liquid circulation pressure, and vibration speed, similar to the LED display on the display unit 214. In this embodiment, the second notification unit is assumed to have an analog output, but digital output is also within the scope of the present invention.

[0027] The detector 200 of this embodiment detects abnormal vibrations using the vibration detection sensor 216, and also has the following detection functions, for example. That is, a single detector can monitor information necessary for the operation of the centrifuge device 100, such as flow rate, temperature, pressure, rotation speed, and vibration. Furthermore, by detecting an abnormality in the centrifuge device 100 and outputting an alarm, trouble can be prevented before it occurs. In the following explanation, the notification process to the first notification unit 218 will be described, but together with the notification signal to the first notification unit 218, a notification signal is also sent to the second notification unit 220, and an abnormal state is remotely notified at a remote location.

[0028] "Outlet Pressure High-Pressure Detection Function" When using the centrifugal separator 100, if the centrifugal separator 100 is operated with the back pressure adjustment valve at the outlet closed, a problem may occur due to an operational error (human error) in which a large amount of low-specific-gravity treated liquid overflows the rotor and flows out into the sludge outlet. In this embodiment, the determination unit 212 determines whether the discharge-side pressure of the treated liquid exceeds the rated outlet pressure using the outlet pressure detection sensor 226 provided on the discharge side. If the pressure exceeds the rated outlet pressure, the determination unit 212 outputs a high outlet pressure detection alarm signal and illuminates the "Alarm" LED on the display unit 214 of the detector 200 and the "LP Hi" LED (not shown) on the circuit board of the determination unit 212. The LED display area 214c of the display unit 214 also displays the outlet pressure value. Note that if the outlet pressure falls below the rated outlet pressure, the alarm signal is turned OFF. Furthermore, a control may be provided that automatically adjusts the back pressure adjustment valve based on the output alarm signal. According to this embodiment, the device is equipped with a function for detecting high outlet pressure, which minimizes the loss of treated liquid due to operational errors, and even when the device is operated in an unmanned environment, problems can be dealt with using only the detector function.

[0029] "Leak detection function" Detects abnormal leakage (oil leakage to the heavy liquid outlet side) from the centrifugal separator 100 or leakage of the treated liquid due to improper valve closure by detecting a drop in pressure, outputs an alarm, and stops operation of the centrifugal separator after the sludge is discharged, thereby minimizing loss of treated liquid.

[0030] "Discharge detection function" Based on the characteristic that the rotation speed decreases when sludge is discharged, this function indirectly measures whether sludge is being discharged and determines whether the sludge is being discharged normally. The rotation speed is detected and monitored by the rotation speed detection sensor 230 installed on the horizontal axis, and if the rotation speed does not decrease by more than the reference rotation decrease amount while the discharge signal is being input, the determination unit 212 determines that "discharge is defective" and outputs a discharge defect signal to the first notification unit 218. If it is determined that discharge is not being performed, a stop signal is sent to the control unit, which automatically stops the operation of the centrifuge device 100.

[0031] "Partial discharge detection function" During partial discharge, in which part of the rotor's capacity is discharged, the amount of sludge discharged is indirectly detected from the decrease in the rotation speed of the centrifugal separator, and an internal LED indicates whether the amount of discharge is appropriate. That is, the rotation speed detection sensor 230 detects and monitors the decrease in rotation speed, and while a discharge signal is being input, the amount of sludge discharged is indirectly measured from the amount of change in rotation speed, and the amount is divided into three conditions: within the appropriate range, above the appropriate amount, and below the appropriate amount, and the LED on the board of the judgment unit 212 is lit.

[0032] "Moisture detection function" This function notifies the user when a certain amount of moisture has accumulated in the rotor before it reenters the light liquid (clean liquid) after being separated from the raw liquid during operation. This is detected by the circulation line pressure detection sensor 228, and the circulation pressure on the heavy liquid side is monitored. Upon receiving a detection signal from the circulation line pressure detection sensor 228, the determination unit 212 sends a notification to the first notification unit 218 that a certain amount of moisture has accumulated in the rotor, and the circulation line pressure value is displayed in the display area 214c of the display unit 214.

[0033] 1 to which the detector of the present invention is applied will now be described with reference to Figures 8 to 17. The centrifugal separator 100 applied to this embodiment is a plate-type centrifugal separator, as shown in Figure 8, which has a guide tube 101 that guides the raw liquid 13, which is the fluid to be treated and is supplied from above into a rotary vessel 11 that is attached to a rotating shaft (not shown) and rotates at high speed, in a direction that diverges toward the bottom of the rotary vessel, and a number of separation plates 12 that are stacked and attached with small gaps in the axial direction of the guide tube 101 to separate components in the raw liquid 13, such as component 13B having a different specific gravity, from a separated liquid 13A based on the difference in specific gravity.

[0034] The raw liquid 13 introduced into this separation plate type centrifugal separator 100 flows upward through the gaps D formed between the multiple stacked separation plates 12, and as a result, components with a high specific gravity (solids, water, etc.) move toward the outermost diameter of the rotating body, while components with a low specific gravity move toward the center of the rotating vessel 11, and a separated liquid 13A is discharged from the top of the rotating vessel.

[0035] 9, the separator plate 12 (disk) is made of stainless steel and has a thickness of, for example, 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm, preferably 0.3 to 0.6 mm. It has a cap-like shape, i.e., a truncated cone shape with a conical surface 14 whose upper end is cut off along a plane parallel to the open bottom surface and a ring-shaped portion 14A within the same plane is provided on the inner periphery. On the outer periphery of the conical surface 14, rectangular gap pieces (hereinafter also referred to as "gap pieces") 16 are provided along the generatrix of the separator plate 12, which form gaps for maintaining the spacing D between the stacked separator plates 12 at, for example, 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm, preferably 0.3 to 0.6 mm, when the separator plate is assembled into a separator plate-type centrifuge.

[0036] A notch 14B is formed on a part of the inner circumference of the ring-shaped portion 14A, and a key is inserted between the notch 14B and a key groove 101a formed in the guide tube 101 shown in Figure 8, thereby positioning (synchronizing, preventing rotation) the separation plate 12 in the rotational direction.

[0037] Here, when treating a fluid to be treated between the separation plates 12 by centrifugal separation, the separation capacity (throughput) is generally proportional to the settling area, i.e., the surface area of ​​the separation plates 12. Therefore, in order to increase the separation capacity, the number of separation plates 12 or the outer diameter is usually increased. In contrast, in the separation plate of this embodiment, an uneven pattern 15 consisting of uneven portions on the front and back surfaces of the separation plate 12 is formed in the area between the strip-shaped spacer pieces 16 provided on the conical surface 14.

[0038] That is, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 12, the separation plates of this embodiment are in the shape of a truncated cone, and are stacked inside the rotary vessel 11 at predetermined intervals in the stacking direction, and separate components with different specific gravities contained in the raw liquid 13, which is the fluid to be treated and introduced into the rotary vessel 11, by centrifugal force.

[0039] The separation plate 12 is formed with an uneven pattern 15 consisting of convex portions 12A and concave portions 12B, which is formed in the shape of a line segment along the generatrix of the conical surface 14 of the separation plate 12 and extends from the lower edge 14C of the conical surface 14 toward the upper edge 14D of the conical surface 14.

[0040] 10, which is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrows III-III in FIG. 9, the first separation plate 12-1 has eight strip-shaped gap pieces 16 (16a to 16h) provided on the surface side of the conical surface 14, extending along the generatrix of the conical surface 14 and maintaining a predetermined distance D between itself and the other second separation plates 12-2 that are sequentially stacked. Here, in this embodiment, the gap pieces 16 are attached by welding.

[0041] 9 and 11, a concave-convex pattern 15 is formed between first gap pieces 16a and second gap pieces 16b that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the separation plate 12. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, this concave-convex pattern 15 is composed of eight patterns (the first to eighth patterns), and is formed from a plurality of convex portions 12A and a plurality of concave portions 12B in the first pattern 15. Here, the angle α1 formed between the first convex portion 12A-1 and the second convex portion 12A-2 adjacent to this first convex portion 12A-1 is formed to be 10 degrees or less, more preferably 8 degrees or less. This is because if the angle exceeds 10 degrees, the flow straightening effect will not be fully exerted in the flow straightening region 17 formed by the distance D between the separation liquid and the separation plate, as described below.

[0042] Here, a plurality of the gap pieces 16 are provided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the surface of the separation plate 12. In this embodiment, the number of the gap pieces 16 provided is preferably 6 to 12, and more preferably 6 to 10.

[0043] In this embodiment, as shown in the plan view of FIG. 11, eight gap pieces 16a to 16h are provided along the conical surface 14, and the angle β formed between the gap pieces 16a and 16b is 45 degrees.

[0044] In this embodiment, an uneven pattern 15 consisting of six convex portions 12A and five concave portions 12B is formed between the first gap piece 16a and the second gap plate 16b adjacent to this first gap piece 16a.

[0045] The angle α1 between the first convex portion 12A-1 forming this uneven pattern 15 and the second convex portion 12A-2 adjacent to this first convex portion 12A-1 is 5 degrees. The angle α2 between the first gap piece 16a and the adjacent first convex portion 12A-1 is 10 degrees, resulting in a flat surface 14E. When the number of gap pieces 16 is 8, β can be expressed as β = (α1 × 5) + (α2 × 2). As an example, when β is 45 degrees, the following applies: β = (α1 (5 degrees) × 5 pieces) + (α2 (10 degrees) × 2 pieces) = 45 degrees (8 gap pieces) β = (α1 (2.5 degrees) × 10 pieces) + (α2 (10 degrees) × 2 pieces) = 45 degrees (8 gap pieces) Furthermore, when β is 60 degrees, the following applies. β = (α1 (5 degrees) x 8 pieces) + (α2 (10 degrees) x 2 pieces) = 60 degrees (6 gap pieces) β = (α1 (8 degrees) x 5 pieces) + (α2 (10 degrees) x 2 pieces) = 60 degrees (6 gap pieces)

[0046] That is, both side areas of the first gap piece 16a (between the first gap piece 16a and the first convex portion 12A-1, and between the first gap piece 16a and the sixth convex portion 12H-6 of the eighth uneven pattern 15) are flat surfaces 14E, so that when the separation plate 12 is molded, for example, the uneven pattern 15 is reliably formed with a predetermined spacing.

[0047] The angle varies depending on the number of spacing pieces 16 installed, but for example, if there are eight spacing pieces 16, β is 45 degrees and α1 can be set to approximately 3 to 8 degrees. In this case, if α1 is 3 degrees, α2 is preferably set to 15 degrees, and if α1 is 8 degrees, it is preferably set to approximately 3 degrees.

[0048] Furthermore, when multiple separation plates 12 (12-1, 12-2, ...) are stacked, the stacked region between the gap piece 16-1 at the bottom of the stack and the gap piece 16-2 at the top of the stack forms a rectifying region 17 with the surface of the lower separation plate 12-1 in the stacked region and the back surface of the other upper separation plate 12-2. As a result, the formation of the rectifying region 17 rectifies the flow of the introduced raw liquid 13, resulting in a laminar flow and rising through the gap D between the multiple stacked separation plates. At this time, components with a high specific gravity (i.e., solids and moisture) 13B that have settled on the back surface of the upper separation plate 12-2 are not lifted up by the turbulent flow. As a result, the components with a high specific gravity are separated toward the outer diameter of the rotor, while the separated liquid 13 is separated toward the center of the rotary vessel 11, improving separation ability.

[0049] Here, in the present invention, laminar flow refers to a flow in one direction as shown in the flow diagram in the region of uneven pattern 15A (wherein the angle α1 between first convex portion 12A-1 and second convex portion 12A-2 adjacent to first convex portion 12A-1 is 10 degrees or less) having six convex portions on conical surface 14 of the separation plate, as shown in the schematic image diagram of Figure 9. In contrast, in the case of the flow diagram in the region of uneven pattern 15B where α1 exceeds 10 degrees, the flow is not laminar but turbulent, with the streamlines intersecting, and the two flows are different.

[0050] 17(a) and 17(b) show schematic flow diagrams of partial cross sections of the separator plate indicated by Xa and Xb in Fig. 16. As shown in Fig. 17(a), in the case of laminar flow, the flow velocity F1 near the separator plate wall is smaller than the flow velocity F11 at the wall side of the separator plate, which is shown in Fig. 17(b). As a result, components with different specific gravities (solids, water, etc.) in the introduced stock solution 13 tend to move toward the outer diameter.

[0051] 17(a), in the case of laminar flow, the flow lines do not intersect, the flow velocity F2 is faster in the center, and the flow velocity F3 on the wall surface side is approximately 0. As a result, the centrifugal force makes it easier for solid particles and water to move toward the flow straightening region 17 of the separation plate 12 or the outer diameter side of the uneven pattern 15A.

[0052] In contrast, in the case of turbulent flow as shown in Figure 17(b), the streamlines intersect, the flow velocity F12 in the central portion is approximately constant, and the flow velocity F11 on the wall side is only slightly slower, and does not become approximately zero as in the flow velocity F3 on the wall side as shown in Figure 17(a). As a result, the movement of solid particles and moisture due to centrifugal force toward the flow straightening region 17 of the separation plate 12 or the outer diameter side of the uneven pattern 15B is suppressed. As described above, according to the present invention, by forming a region such as the uneven pattern 15A in Figure 17(a), a laminar flow is formed, and the turbulent flow is not observed in the region of the uneven pattern 15B in Figure 17(b), thereby improving separation ability.

[0053] In this way, by limiting the flow path formed by the uneven pattern 15 and forming the flow straightening region 17, slippage of the separation liquid 13 on the separation plate 12 is prevented.

[0054] That is, if the conical surface 14 of the separation plate 12 is flat and does not have the predetermined uneven pattern 15 formed thereon, the separation plate 12 is rotated at high speed counterclockwise during centrifugation, so that the separated liquid slides on the separation plate 12 in the direction of the rotation delay, and is not subjected to sufficient centrifugal force, resulting in a decrease in separation efficiency.

[0055] This is because, on a separation plate rotating at a high speed of, for example, 5,000 to 10,000 rpm, the separated liquid cannot synchronize sufficiently with the rotation and slides in the direction lagging behind the rotation, causing the liquid flow to become turbulent, or the plate rotates at an insufficient speed of less than 10,000 rpm, making it impossible to obtain a sufficient centrifugal effect. As a result, if a flat conical surface 14 is used without the uneven pattern 15 formed thereon, the centrifugal force acting on the separated liquid is reduced, resulting in a decrease in the efficiency of separation of components with different specific gravities in the separated liquid.

[0056] In contrast to this, by providing the uneven pattern 15 in the generatrix direction as in the present invention, a physical wall is created, which prevents the liquid from sliding in the direction of rotation delay on the separation plate 12. As a result, according to the present invention, it is possible to fully synchronize with the high-speed rotation of the separation plate 12, and to maximize the centrifugal effect.

[0057] Furthermore, even if the outer dimensions of the separation plate 12 remain the same, the surface area of ​​the conical surface 14 increases, making it easy to increase the processing capacity. Therefore, for example, it is easy to obtain high processing capacity when the particle size is very small.

[0058] Furthermore, since the gap pieces 16 are arranged in the form of flat plates at predetermined intervals in the generatrix direction, even when multiple plates are stacked, the displacement of the separation plates on the stacked side due to compression and centrifugal force is suppressed, thereby eliminating factors such as deformation of the separation plates and mechanical vibration.

[0059] Furthermore, since the lower side of the uneven pattern 15 is formed from the lower edge 14C of the conical surface 14, the introduction of the raw liquid into the gap is more reliable than when it is not formed from the lower edge 14C, and a laminar flow can be formed immediately.

[0060] In this embodiment, the circumferential region is provided with a discharge mechanism that discharges components with different specific gravities separated by centrifugal force to the outside. This mechanism is a self-discharge mechanism that discharges components with different specific gravities (solids, water, etc.) that have accumulated instantaneously while maintaining the rotation of the separation plate 12 of the centrifugal separator.

[0061] For example, during centrifugation while the centrifugal separator is in operation, the valve cylinder 111, which moves up and down, moves upward, and the upper edge 111a of the outer periphery is pressed against the seal portion 112, closing the intermittent discharge port 113 and depositing components with different specific gravities (solids, etc.). Then, when the amount of deposits in the rotary vessel 11 reaches a predetermined amount, for example, based on the amount of processed raw liquid 13 and the content of components with different specific gravities, the valve cylinder 111 is moved downward, and the raw liquid is discharged all at once from the intermittent discharge port 113. "Second embodiment"

[0062] Fig. 13 is a perspective schematic diagram of a separation plate according to the second embodiment. As shown in Fig. 13, the separation plate according to this embodiment has a plurality of notched liquid passage holes 19 formed in the lower edge 14C of the conical surface 14. The provision of the liquid passage holes 19 ensures that the stock solution 13 is distributed and supplied to each separation plate when multiple plates are stacked.

[0063] Furthermore, by forming notched liquid passage holes 19 also in the lower edge 14C of the conical surface 14, the raw liquid 13 can be uniformly supplied to the entire surface of the uneven pattern 15 formed on the separation plate 12.

[0064] Fig. 14 is a schematic perspective view of a separator plate according to a third embodiment. Fig. 15 is a plan view of the separator plate according to the third embodiment. As shown in Figs. 14 and 15 , the separator plate according to this embodiment does not have the predetermined uneven pattern 15 formed around the entire circumference in the circumferential region 14a near the upper edge 14D of the conical surface 14. This is because if the uneven pattern 15 were formed up to the upper edge 14D, there would be a high possibility of cracking or deformation during manufacturing. Therefore, by not forming the predetermined uneven pattern 15 in the circumferential region 14a, it is possible to improve processability and increase the manufacturing yield.

[0065] The present invention can be applied to centrifugal separators in general and other devices in general.

[0066] REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 100 Centrifugal separator 100a Outer circumferential surface 200 Detector 202 Housing 212 Determination unit 214 Display unit 216 Vibration detection sensor (acceleration sensor) 218 ​​First notification unit 220 Second notification unit 222 Inlet pressure detection sensor 224 Temperature detection sensor 226 Outlet pressure detection sensor 228 Circulation line pressure detection sensor 230 Rotational speed detection sensor

Claims

1. A detector comprising: a housing disposed at a predetermined position on the outer periphery of a centrifuge device; a determination unit disposed within said housing for receiving detection signals from various sensors and determining whether said detection signals indicate normal or abnormal operation of said centrifuge device; and an alarm unit for notifying that an abnormal operating state is being observed when said determination unit determines that an abnormal operation is occurring, said sensor being a vibration detection sensor that detects vibrations of said centrifuge device, said vibration detection sensor being disposed in said housing.

2. The detector of claim 1, characterized in that the centrifuge device separates liquids containing solids with a high specific gravity from liquids with a low specific gravity, and includes an outlet pressure detection sensor disposed in the outlet area of ​​the liquid with a low specific gravity and detecting the outlet pressure of the outlet, and the determination unit receives a detection signal from the outlet pressure detection sensor and determines whether the detection signal is a signal indicating normal or abnormal operation of the centrifuge device.

3. A detector as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the alarm unit is either or both of a first alarm unit arranged in the housing and a second alarm unit arranged in a remote location and capable of remote alarming.

4. The detector of claim 3 further comprising at least one of a leak detector, a drain detector, a partial drain detector, and a moisture detector.

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