A highly stable and non-toxic silver nanoparticle and a method for the fast and environmentally friendly synthesis thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a silver nanoparticle with high stability and non-toxic effects to be used as an antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal agent in product compositions in fields such as cosmetic and medical, and a method for synthesis thereof in a fast and environmentally friendly manner. The silver nanoparticle of the present invention contains silver salt, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with reductant properties and protein extracts as stabilizers which are denatured, water-soluble and prepared without using any chemicals such as acid, etc. other than hot water.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] A HIGHLY STABLE AND NON-TOXIC SILVER NANOPARTICLE AND A METHOD FOR THE FAST AND ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY SYNTHESIS THEREOF

[0003] Technical Field of the Invention

[0004] The invention relates to a silver nanoparticle with high stability and non-toxic effects to be used as an antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal agent in product compositions in fields such as cosmetic and medical, and a method for synthesis thereof in a fast and environmentally friendly manner.

[0005] State of the Art

[0006] Metal nanoparticles have played an important role in many areas of technology for many years, both due to their optical and electronic properties related to the quantum magnitude effect and their promising applications in fields such as optoelectronics, optics, catalysis, medicine and chemical / biochemical sensors [1]. Silver nanoparticles, which are among the metal nanoparticles in the state of art, are among the most preferred ones especially in the field of health due to their antibacterial effect. Silver nanoparticles are silver nanoparticles with sizes between 1 nm and 100 nm [2], Silver nanoparticles allow the coordination of a large number of ligands due to their extremely high surface area. The properties of silver nanoparticles which can be applied to human therapies are being investigated in laboratory and animal studies, where potential efficacy, biosafety and biodistribution are evaluated [3]. The importance of the antibacterial properties of silver nanoparticles dates back to ancient times, and silver nanoparticles are being developed in different fields today, offering convenience for human life. Silver nanoparticles are able to eliminate bacteria through various mechanisms of action. Silver nanoparticles cause membrane damage, DNA damage and inactivation of proteins such as respiratory enzymes by causing production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), even in the resistant bacteria, the treatment of which is difficult. These damaged microorganisms are easily eliminated by the cells of the immune system. In other words, silver nanoparticles attract attention with their antibacterial properties which provide an easy and permanent effect on pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses which threaten human health. The technology provided by silver nanoparticles can be developed and used in the textile and food industry as well as the health industry. Silver nanoparticles are used in many fields such as food, textile and health as medicines alternative to antibiotics, sensors, spectroscopy and catalysis. To exemplify more specifically, silver nanoparticles are used in wound creams to prevent possible wound infection in burnt tissue or open wounds, on catheter surfaces to prevent urinary tract infection in long-term catheter use, in soaps, wall paints, and washing machines [4], Considering the usage areas of silver nanoparticles and the mechanisms of action in their usage areas, it has become inevitable to continue the studies on silver nanoparticles by increasing the speed thereof day by day in state of the art.

[0007] Various surfactants (sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)), molecules with high electronegativity having hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts or polymers with long polymeric chains and high molecular weight (polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylene glycol (PEG)) are preferred as stabilizers in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles in the state of the art.

[0008] Various reductants and stabilizers used in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles in the state of the art harm the environment and cause serious damage to the health of living beings. Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (STAB), one of the stabilizers used in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles in the state of the art reduced the viability percentage to 0% within 2 hours in cell viability tests performed on keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells isolated from a specific adult human skin tissue, and this percentage was observed as 20% in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and hexadecylamine and it has been observed that the mentioned chemicals have a toxic effect even at a concentration as low as 100 pM in solution [7], In addition, hydrazine, one of the reductants used in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles, is designated as carcinogenic by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Another chemical, sodium borohydride (NaBH4), remains as a residue in colloidal silver nanoparticle solutions due to its high reduction potential, and as a result, the use of the aforementioned chemical NaBH4poses a problem in potential biomedical applications.

[0009] In addition, the concentration of silver nitrate (AgNO3) used the synthesis methods of silver nanoparticles in the literature was used in ratios of 0.001 mM-0.01 mM due to the increase in particle size with the AgNO3concentration used and the high amount of aggregation between the particles. In the state of the art, a study carried out by Nada Shaeel AL-Thabaiti et al. investigated protein interactions with silver nanoparticles, and more specifically the subject of green synthesis and biophysical approach. In this study, AgNOs was used at a ratio of 0.001 mM - 0.01 mM in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles, and silver nanoparticles in the range of 20-160 nm were obtained [5]. In addition, it should be noted that the nanoparticles obtained in this study are in aggregate form.

[0010] In the state of the art, some studies have been carried out in order to prevent the damage caused by silver nanoparticles to the environment and the health of living beings. In these studies, algae, bacteria and fungus extracts were used to provide green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. In the state of the art, a study published in 2009 by Rashmi Sanghi and Preeti Verma investigated and reported on the biomimetic synthesis and characterization of protein-capped silver nanoparticles. In this study, C. versicolor was grown and autoclaved as a fungus species, and the resulting biomass was used in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles [6]. Since there was no use of any additional reductants or stabilizers in the aforementioned study and C.versicolor, a fungus species, was used as a natural ingredient, it is possible to mention that the nanoparticle synthesis in this study was carried out by the "green synthesis" procedure; however, there is no reduction in the duration of green synthesis in this study. Synthesis time is of great importance for every reaction. Shortening the reaction time allows chemical or other reactions to take place faster, which provides significant advantages in many areas. Faster reactions result in more products in less time, which increases the efficiency of production processes and contributes to a more efficient use of resources. Fast reactions reduce energy consumption, save money on heating or cooling, and reduce operating costs. Short reaction times allow processes to be optimized more easily and quickly, which leads to a better understanding and improvement of production processes. In addition, in fast reactions, it is easier to maintain the control of the reaction. Apart from all these, while the stability of a silver nanoparticle is of great importance in general, while any improvement regarding stability is also not included in this study. The stability of the nanoparticle is a critical factor for many important applications and industries. The properties of nanomaterials depend on their size and surface structure. Stable nanoparticles are able to retain the properties of nanomaterials over a long period of time and contribute to the sustainability of efficiency and performance for the desired application. Stable nanoparticles are more convenient and reliable for long-term storage. As a result, the stability of nanoparticles is vital for achieving reliable and stable results in industrial and scientific applications. Therefore, the stabilization of nanoparticles is a critical step in the development and application of nanotechnology. In addition, nanoparticle agglomeration is the condition in which nanomaterials (nanoparticles) come together to form large clusters. This agglomeration leads to various negative consequences. Since the size of nanoparticles is important, especially in terms of surface area and reactivity, the surface area of the nanoparticles decreases as a result of agglomeration, which leads to reduced performance and lower than expected properties of the materials. Agglomeration prevents the homogeneous distribution of nanoparticles, which makes it difficult to apply the material homogeneously to the desired areas or to use it effectively. Agglomeration can change the surface interaction between nanoparticles, which in turn affects material properties and reactivity. For example, the surface area of agglomerated silver nanoparticles decreases and their anti-bacterial efficiency decreases. As another example, the use of agglomerated particles adversely affects the inter-interface / interphase properties and tensile resistance of polymer nanocomposites. Agglomeration reduces the stability of nanoparticles in solutions or other dispersing media, which restricts the application areas of the material. Nanoparticle agglomeration creates a serious problem in the use of nanomaterials and is considered a major obstacle to the advancement of nanotechnology. For this reason, various methods are being developed to prevent or minimize agglomeration, and although efforts have been made to prevent agglomeration, it is very difficult to say that a good success has been achieved in the prevention of agglomeration in the state of the art. Although agglomeration is tried to be minimized in nanoparticle synthesis in the state of the art, long synthesis times such as 6 hours are encountered in the synthesis time of silver nanoparticles.

[0011] Due to the reasons such as the limitations and inadequacies of silver nanoparticles and their synthesis methods in the state of the art, that no studies have been carried out yet to reduce these synthesis times and to stabilize the nanoparticles obtained although it is tried to obtain silver nanoparticles with clean content via the green synthesis procedure in the state of the art, and in addition, that a sufficient success has not yet been achieved to minimize the agglomeration of silver nanoparticles and that this situation causes the structures such as the surface obtained with said nanoparticles to be insufficient in terms of physical properties such as tensile strength, etc., it has been necessary to provide a nanoparticle and synthesis method in which all these problems are eliminated.

[0012] Brief Description and Objects of the Invention

[0013] The invention describes a silver nanoparticle with high stability and non-toxic effects to be used as an antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal agent in product compositions in fields such as cosmetic and medical, and a method for synthesis thereof in a fast and environmentally friendly manner. The water-dissolved denatured protein used in synthesizing the silver nanoparticle of the present invention provides the silver nanoparticle with the necessary physical stabilization due to both its electrostatic properties and long-chain complex structure. Since the agglomeration of the silver nanoparticle of the present invention is prevented, problems such as a decrease in stability caused by agglomeration are prevented. In the invention, silver nanoparticles with high stability and their synthesis via green procedure are provided for use in cosmetics and medical fields in a very short time such as 5-15 minutes or 10 minutes on average. While synthesizing the silver nanoparticle of the present invention, silver nitrate (AgNO3), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a reductant, the protein (gelatin, gluten, casein, soy protein, albumin, etc.) extracts as stabilizers which are denatured, water- soluble and prepared without using any chemicals other than hot water, such as acid, etc., or commercially available extracted and dried powdered proteins (gelatin, gluten, casein, soy protein, albumin, etc.) can be used during synthesis and it is clear that these components do not have any toxic effects on the environment and the health of living beings. While synthesizing the silver nanoparticle of the present invention, a silver-amine complex ([Ag(NH3)2]OH) was formed with ammonia (NH4OH), thus reducing the reduction potential of silver. Since the ammonia used during synthesis is neutralized with acid after synthesis, it does not create residual pollution in the nanoparticle solution.

[0014] One purpose of the invention is to provide silver nanoparticles with high stability for use in cosmetic and medical and the like. The water-dissolved denatured protein used in synthesizing the silver nanoparticle of the present invention provides the silver nanoparticle with the necessary physical stabilization due to both its electrostatic properties and long-chain complex structure. These denatured proteins dissolved in water are gelatin, gluten, casein, soy protein, albumin, or commercially available extracted and dried powdered protein (gelatin, gluten, casein, soy protein, albumin, etc.) extracts. It should also be noted that while synthesizing the silver nanoparticle of the present invention, no chemicals other than denatured and water-soluble protein, base and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with reductant properties are used as stabilizers, and the surface potential of the synthesized nanoparticles is adjusted to be <±20 mV, thanks to the denatured protein dissolved in water in specific ratios used during the synthesis. In this way, agglomeration between nanoparticles is prevented and possible problems such as decrease in surface area, inability to provide homogeneous distribution, decrease in surface area reactivity and biological harmfulness and the like which may arise as a result of agglomeration are eliminated. Agglomeration can change the surface interaction between nanoparticles, which in turn affects material properties and reactivity. Agglomeration reduces the stability of nanoparticles in solutions or other dispersing media, which restricts the application areas of the material. Since the agglomeration of the silver nanoparticle of the present invention is prevented, problems such as a decrease in stability caused by agglomeration are prevented.

[0015] Another purpose of the invention is to provide silver nanoparticles with high stability and the synthesis thereof via green procedure for use in cosmetics and medical fields in a very short time such as 5-15 minutes or 10 minutes on average. While this time reaches up to 6 hours in the state of the art, the synthesis time of the silver nanoparticle of the present invention is quite short. Silver nanoparticle synthesis in a very short time, such as 5-15 minutes or 10 minutes on average, is provided by the synthesis method of silver nanoparticle within the invention. The use of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the synthesis method of the silver nanoparticle of the present invention shortens the reaction time to 5-15 minutes, and this time is preferably 10 minutes. In addition, H2O2, which is used as a reductant in the synthesis of the silver nanoparticle of the present invention, does not leave any reductant in solution compared to other reductants. The speed of the synthesis reaction of the silver nanoparticle of the present invention is faster compared to the state of the art, thanks to the fact that the silver amine complex is reduced instead of silver. In addition, it is possible to say that the reaction takes place faster thanks to the fact that the pH is kept in the range of 9-12 in the synthesis method of the silver nanoparticle of the present invention. Synthesis time is of great importance for every reaction. Shortening the reaction time allows chemical or other reactions to take place faster, which provides significant advantages in many areas. Faster reactions result in more products in less time, which increases the efficiency of production processes and contributes to a more efficient use of resources. Fast reactions reduce energy consumption, save money on heating or cooling, and reduce operating costs. Short reaction times allow processes to be optimized more easily and quickly, which leads to a better understanding and improvement of production processes. In addition, in fast reactions, it is easier to maintain the control of the reaction.

[0016] The invention provides a non-toxic silver nanoparticle and a method for synthesizing it in an environmentally friendly way to be used as an antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal agent in product compositions in the fields such as cosmetics, medical and the like. While synthesizing the silver nanoparticle of the present invention, silver nitrate (AgNOs), the protein (gelatin, gluten, casein, soy protein, albumin, etc.) extracts as stabilizers which are denatured, water-soluble and prepared without using any chemicals other than hot water, such as acid, etc., or commercially available extracted and dried powdered proteins (gelatin, gluten, casein, soy protein, albumin, etc.) can be used during synthesis. Various surfactants (sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)), molecules with high electronegativity having hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts or polymers with long polymeric chains and high molecular weight (polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylene glycol (PEG)) are preferred as stabilizers in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles in the state of the art, while only protein (gelatin, gluten, casein, soy protein, albumin, etc.) extracts as stabilizers which are denatured, water-soluble and prepared without using any chemicals such as acid, etc. other than hot water, or commercially available extracted powdered proteins (gelatin, gluten, casein, soy protein, albumin, etc.) can be used during synthesis of the silver nanoparticle of the present invention. In addition, in the state of the art, silver nanoparticles in a size of 20-160 nm are obtained by using AgNOs at a ratio of 0.001 mM-0.01 mM, while in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles obtained via the green synthesis of the present invention, silver nanoparticles in smaller sizes (25±5 nm) are obtained, although AgNOs is used in a range (0.01 -1 mM) which is 10 to 100 times higher than the range of 0.001 mM-0.01 mM. In other words, the invention both reduced the use of chemicals and achieved the desirable silver nanoparticle size. As the size of nanoparticles decreases, their surface area increases substantially. This increases the reactivity and effectiveness of the nanoparticles and provides advantages in catalytic applications and surface bonding processes. Considering the use of nanoparticles in biomedical fields, a small nanoparticle can reach the targeted cells or tissues more easily.

[0017] Detailed Description of the Invention

[0018] The invention relates to a silver nanoparticle with high stability and non-toxic effects to be used as an antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal agent in product compositions in fields such as cosmetic and medical, and a method for synthesis thereof in a fast and environmentally friendly manner. The silver nanoparticle of the present invention contains silver salt, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with reductant properties and protein extracts as stabilizers which are denatured, water-soluble and prepared without using any chemicals such as acid, etc. other than hot water.

[0019] In one embodiment of the invention, the silver nanoparticle of the present invention contains 0.01 mM - 1 mM silver salt, 1 mM - 10mM H2O2 with reductant properties and 0.01- 0.001% protein extract by weight as a stabilizer which is denatured, water- soluble and prepared without using any chemicals such as acid other than hot water.

[0020] The silver salt mentioned here is selected as silver nitrate (AgNOs), H2O2, which has reducing effect in alkaline conditions, is used as a reductant, and the protein extract as the said stabilizer which is denatured, water-soluble and prepared without using any chemicals such as acid other than hot water is selected from gelatin, gluten, casein, soy protein, albumin or commercially available extracted and dried powdered proteins (gelatin, gluten, casein, soy protein, albumin, etc.).

[0021] In one embodiment of the invention, the concentration of silver salt is 1 mM. When silver salt is used at a concentration of more than 1 mM, in other words, when the concentration exceeds 1 mM silver (Ag), the particle size distribution expands and the spherical morphology of the silver nanoparticle is distorted.

[0022] A method for the fast and environmentally friendly synthesis of a silver nanoparticle of the present invention with high stability and non-toxic effects to be used as an antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal agent in product compositions in the fields of cosmetics and medical etc., comprises the following process steps: i. dissolving silver salt in water and then mixing the aqueous silver salt solution with ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) to obtain a solution containing a silver amine complex with a reduction potential lower than the silver ion, ii. preparing a denatured and water-soluble protein extract for use as a stabilizer and mixing this extract with the solution containing the silver amine complex, iii. adding hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with reductant properties to the solution containing the denatured and water-soluble protein extract and silver amine complex and stirring at a minimum of 500 rpm and keeping the pH of the final solution as alkaline.

[0023] The silver salt mentioned here is selected as silver nitrate (AgNOs), H2O2, which exhibits reduction effect in alkaline conditions, is used as a reductant, and the protein extract as the said stabilizer which is denatured, water-soluble and prepared without using any chemicals such as acid other than hot water is selected from gelatin, gluten, casein, soy protein, albumin or commercially available extracted and dried powdered proteins (gelatin, gluten, casein, soy protein, albumin, etc.).

[0024] In an embodiment of the invention, a method for the fast and environmentally friendly synthesis of a silver nanoparticle of the present invention with high stability and nontoxic effects to be used as an antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal agent in product compositions in the fields of cosmetics and medical etc., comprises the following process steps: i. dissolving silver salt of 0.01 mM- 1 mM in water and then mixing the aqueous silver salt solution with ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) to obtain a solution containing a silver amine complex with a reduction potential lower than the silver ion, ii. preparing a denatured and water-soluble protein extract of 0.01 -0.001% by wight for use as a stabilizer and mixing this extract with the solution containing the silver amine complex, iii. adding hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) of 1 mM - 10mM as the reductant to the solution containing the denatured and water-soluble protein extract and silver amine complex and stirring at a minimum of 500-5000 rpm and keeping the pH of the final solution at 9-12 and the temperature at 0-25°C. The silver nitrate (AgNOs) which is the silver salt mentioned here is reduced with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and the protein extract as the said stabilizer which is denatured, water-soluble and prepared without using any chemicals such as acid other than hot water is selected from gelatin, gluten, casein, soy protein, albumin or commercially available extracted and dried powdered proteins (gelatin, gluten, casein, soy protein, albumin, etc.).

[0025] The realization of the silver nanoparticle synthesis of the present invention is based on the principle of forming nano-sized solid silver by simply reducing the silver ions in the solution within the stabilizer solution. In the state of the art, silver nanoparticles in a size of 20-160 nm are obtained by using AgNOs at a ratio of 0.001 mM - 0.01 mM, while in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles obtained via the green synthesis of the present invention, silver nanoparticles in smaller sizes (25 ±5 nm) are obtained, although AgNOs is used in a range (0.01 -1 mM) which is 10 to 100 times higher than the range of 0.001 mM-0.01 mM. In other words, the invention both reduced the use of chemicals and achieved the desirable silver nanoparticle size. As the size of nanoparticles decreases, their surface area increases substantially. This increases the reactivity and effectiveness of the nanoparticles and provides advantages in catalytic applications and surface bonding processes. Considering the use of nanoparticles in biomedical fields, a small nanoparticle can reach the targeted cells or tissues more easily. The stabilizer used in the invention ensures that the resulting particle remains nano-sized without expanding further, and particle stabilization occurs physically and electrostatically.

[0026] 0.01-0.001% by weight protein extract which is denatured and water-soluble to be used as a stabilizer during the synthesis of the silver nanoparticle of the present invention, provides both electrostatic and physical stabilization due to its long-chain complex structure. The H2O2 used in the method provides silver reduction.

[0027] The protein to be used provides efficient stabilization and electrostatic stabilization is achieved since the surface potential of the synthesized nanoparticles is <±20 mV. At potential values lower than the aforementioned surface potential value, nanoparticles become relatively prone to agglomeration. The surface potentials of nanoparticles synthesized by means of denatured and water-soluble protein used in specific proportions during the synthesis of the silver nanoparticle of the present invention are adjusted to be <±20 mV. In this way, agglomeration between nanoparticles is prevented and possible problems such as decrease in surface area, inability to provide homogeneous distribution, decrease in surface area reactivity and biological harmfulness and the like which may arise as a result of agglomeration are eliminated. Agglomeration can change the surface interaction between nanoparticles, which in turn affects material properties and reactivity. Agglomeration reduces the stability of nanoparticles in solutions or other dispersing media, which restricts the application areas of the material. Since the agglomeration of the silver nanoparticle of the present invention is prevented, problems such as a decrease in stability caused by agglomeration are prevented.

[0028] While this time reaches up to 6 hours in the state of the art, the synthesis time of the silver nanoparticle of the present invention is quite short. Silver nanoparticle synthesis in a very short time, such as 5-15 minutes or 10 minutes on average, is provided by the synthesis method of silver nanoparticle within the invention.

[0029] The H2O2 used in the invention exhibits reductant properties under alkaline conditions and enables a faster silver nanoparticle green synthesis method than the green synthesis methods in the state of the art. Moreover, since it forms only water (H2O) at the end of the reduction as the reaction output compared to the natural and chemical reductants currently used, it does not leave any residual reductant in the silver nanoparticle solution.

[0030] The speed of the synthesis reaction of the silver nanoparticle of the present invention is faster compared to the state of the art, thanks to the fact that the silver amine complex is reduced instead of silver. In addition, it is possible to say that the reaction takes place faster thanks to the fact that the pH is kept in the range of 9-12 in the synthesis method of the silver nanoparticle of the present invention. Synthesis time is of great importance for every reaction. Shortening the reaction time allows chemical or other reactions to take place faster, which provides significant advantages in many areas. Faster reactions result in more products in less time, which increases the efficiency of production processes and contributes to a more efficient use of resources. Fast reactions reduce energy consumption, save money on heating or cooling, and reduce operating costs. Short reaction times allow processes to be optimized more easily and quickly, which leads to a better understanding and improvement of production processes. In addition, in fast reactions, it is easier to maintain the control of the reaction.

[0031] Silver amine complex is the metal organic compound formed by silver with ammonia, and the reduction potential of silver amine complex is lower as compared to silver ion. In this way, the silver amine complex called "Tollen's reagent", which is used in the production of silver mirrors, is successfully reduced by the reductant H2O2 and can be successfully adapted to silver nanoparticle synthesis.

[0032] References

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[0035] [3] Wikimedia Foundation. (2022, September 6). Gumu§ nanopartikul. Wikipedia. https: / / tr.wikipedia.org / wiki / G%C3%BCm%C3%BC%C5%9F_nanopartik%C3% BCI

[0036] [4] Nanoteknolojide Nano Gumu§un Antibakteriyel ozelligi - dergipark. (n.d.-b). https: / / dergipark.org.tr / tr / download / article-file / 549858

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[0039] Y., Beveridge, T. Y., Chen, J. C., Dias, M. A., & Duncan, J. R. (2008, July 14). Biomimetic synthesis and characterisation of protein capped silver nanoparticles. Bioresource Technology. https: / / www.sciencedirect.com / science / article / abs / pii / S0960852408004732

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Claims

CLAIMS1. A silver nanoparticle to be used as an antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal agent in product compositions in the fields such as cosmetic, medical and the like, characterized in that it comprises• silver salt,• hydrogen peroxide with reductant properties (H2O2),• protein extract as a stabilizer which is denatured, water-soluble and prepared without using any chemicals other than hot water.

2. The silver nanoparticle according to Claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises• silver salt of 0.01 mM - 1 mM,• hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) of 1 mM - 10mM with reductant properties,• 0.01- 0.001% by weight protein extract as a stabilizer which is denatured, water-soluble and prepared without using any chemicals other than hot water.

3. The silver nanoparticle according to any one of Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said silver salt is silver nitrate (AgNOs).

4. The silver nanoparticle according to any one of Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the protein extract as the said stabilizer which is denatured, water-soluble and prepared without using any chemicals other than hot water is gelatin, gluten, casein, soy protein, albumin or commercially available extracted and dried powdered proteins selected from gelatin, gluten, casein, soy protein or albumin.

5. The silver nanoparticle according to any one of Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said silver salt is 1 mM.

6. The silver nanoparticle according to Claim 3, characterized in that said silver nitrate (AgNOs) is 1 mM.

7. A synthesis method of a silver nanoparticle to be used as an antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal agent in product compositions in the fields such ascosmetic, medical and the like, characterized in that it comprises the process steps of: i. dissolving silver salt in water and then mixing the aqueous silver salt solution with ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) to obtain a solution containing a silver amine complex with a reduction potential lower than the silver ion, ii. preparing a denatured and water-soluble protein extract for use as a stabilizer and mixing this extract with the solution containing the silver amine complex, iii. adding hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with reductant properties to the solution containing the denatured and water-soluble protein extract and silver amine complex and stirring at a minimum of 500 rpm and keeping the pH of the final solution as alkaline.

8. The synthesis method according to Claim 7, characterized in that it comprises the process steps of: i. dissolving silver salt of 0.01 mM- 1 mM in water and then mixing the aqueous silver salt solution with ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) to obtain a solution containing a silver amine complex with a reduction potential lower than the silver ion, ii. preparing a denatured and water-soluble protein extract of 0.01 - 0.001% by wight for use as a stabilizer and mixing this extract with the solution containing the silver amine complex, iii. adding hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) of 1 mM - 10mM as the reductant to the solution containing the denatured and water- soluble protein extract and silver amine complex and stirring at a minimum of 500-5000 rpm and keeping the pH of the final solution at 9-12 and the temperature at 0-25°C.

9. The synthesis method according to any one of Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that said silver salt is silver nitrate (AgNO3).

10. The synthesis method according to Claim 9, characterized in that said silver nitrate (AgNO3) is 1 mM.

11. The synthesis method according to any one of Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the protein extract as the said stabilizer which is denatured, water-soluble and prepared without using any chemicals other than hot water is gelatin, gluten, casein, soy protein, albumin or commercially available extracted and dried powdered proteins selected from gelatin, gluten, casein, soy protein or albumin.

12. The silver nanoparticle synthesized by a method according to any one of Claims 7-11.