Method by which terminal performs positioning in wireless communication system and device therefor

Abstract

Discloesd, according to various embodiments, are a method by which a terminal performs CPP measurements in a wireless communication system, and a device therefor. Disclosed are the method and the device therefor, the method comprising the steps of: receiving first configuration information on a PRS resource configuration for CPP; transmitting a request message for requesting an on-demand PRS; and performing the CPP measurement on the basis of configuration information, wherein the request message includes bandwidth information on an initial downlink bandwidth part (BWP) of the terminal.

Description

Method for performing positioning by a terminal in a wireless communication system and device therefor

[0001] A method for a terminal to perform CPP (carrier phase based positioning) measurement in a wireless communication system and a device therefor are provided.

[0002] Wireless communication systems are multiple access systems that support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmission power, etc.). Examples of multiple access systems include code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), and multi-carrier frequency division multiple access (MC-FDMA).

[0003] As more and more communication devices demand greater communication capacity, the need for improved mobile broadband communication compared to existing radio access technology (RAT) is emerging. Furthermore, massive Machine Type Communications (MTC), which connects numerous devices and objects to provide various services anytime, anywhere, is also a key issue to be considered in next-generation communication. Furthermore, communication system design that considers reliability and latency-sensitive services / terminals is being discussed. The introduction of next-generation radio access technologies that take into account enhanced mobile broadband communication, massive MTC, and URLLC (Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication) is being discussed. For convenience, these technologies are referred to as new RAT or NR in the present invention.

[0004] The technical challenge is to provide a more accurate and efficient way to perform measurements for positioning.

[0005] The technical challenges are not limited to the technical challenges mentioned above, and other technical challenges not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains from the description below.

[0006] A method for a terminal to perform CPP (carrier phase based positioning) measurement in a wireless communication system according to one aspect comprises the steps of: receiving first configuration information for configuring a PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) resource for the CPP; transmitting a request message requesting an on-demand PRS; and performing the CPP measurement based on the configuration information, wherein the request message may include bandwidth information for an initial downlink BWP (Bandwidth Part) of the terminal.

[0007] Alternatively, the method further comprises receiving second configuration information including on-demand PRS resource configuration in response to the request message, wherein the on-demand PRS resource configuration includes configuration for a first PRS resource set selected based on the bandwidth information.

[0008] Alternatively, the first PRS resource set is characterized by having a bandwidth included within the initial downlink BWP.

[0009] Alternatively, the CPP measurement is characterized in that it is performed for the first PRS resource set based on the terminal being switched to an RRC (Radio Resource Control) inactive state or an RRC idle state.

[0010] Alternatively, the request message is characterized in that it is transmitted based on the fact that the PRS resource or PRS resource set included in the initial DL BWP is not set by the first setting information.

[0011] Alternatively, the request message is characterized in that it is transmitted based on the fact that the PRS resource or PRS resource set included in the active downlink BWP set for the terminal is not set in the above setting information.

[0012] Alternatively, the first setting information is characterized by including information for setting a plurality of frequencies for the CPP measurement by TRP (Transmission Reception Point), PRS resource set, or PRS resource.

[0013] Alternatively, the terminal determines one reference frequency among the center frequency and a plurality of frequencies based on at least one of whether the first configuration information includes a PRS resource configuration having a center frequency within an active downlink BWP and an RRC (Radio Resource Control) status, and the CPP measurement is performed based on the one reference frequency.

[0014] Alternatively, the terminal is in an RRC connection state, and based on the inclusion of a PRS resource configuration having a center frequency within an active downlink BWP in the first configuration information, the one reference frequency is determined as the center frequency.

[0015] Alternatively, based on the terminal being in an RRC idle state or an RRC inactive state, the terminal is characterized in that it performs the CPP measurement based on the one reference frequency located within the initial downlink BWP among the plurality of frequencies.

[0016] According to another aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having recorded thereon commands for performing the method of performing CPP measurement by the terminal described above may be provided.

[0017] According to another aspect, a terminal for performing the CPP measurement described above may be provided.

[0018] According to another aspect, a processing device may be provided for controlling a terminal performing the CPP measurement described above.

[0019] In another aspect, a method for transmitting configuration information for CPP (carrier phase based positioning) measurement by a network in a wireless communication system comprises the steps of: transmitting first configuration information for configuring a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) resource for the CPP to a terminal; and receiving a request message requesting an on-demand PRS from the terminal, wherein the request message may include bandwidth information for an initial downlink BWP (Bandwidth Part) of the terminal.

[0020] According to one embodiment, measurements for positioning in a wireless communication system can be performed accurately and efficiently.

[0021] The effects that can be obtained in various embodiments are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains from the description below.

[0022] The drawings attached to this specification are intended to provide an understanding of the present invention, illustrate various embodiments of the present invention, and together with the description of the specification serve to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 1 shows the structure of an LTE system.

[0024] Figure 2 shows the structure of the NR system.

[0025] Figure 3 shows the structure of a radio frame of NR.

[0026] Figure 4 shows the slot structure of an NR frame.

[0027] FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining physical channels that can be used in various embodiments and a signal transmission method using the same.

[0028] Figure 6 is a flowchart showing an example of a UL BM procedure using SRS.

[0029] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a positioning protocol configuration for measuring the position of a terminal to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0030] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the architecture of a system for measuring the position of a terminal to which various embodiments can be applied.

[0031] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a procedure for measuring the position of a terminal to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0032] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a protocol layer for supporting LPP (LTE positioning protocol) message transmission to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0033] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a protocol layer for supporting NRPPa (NR positioning protocol a) PDU (protocol data unit) transmission to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0034] FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of an OTDOA (observed time difference of arrival) positioning method to which various embodiments can be applied.

[0035] Figure 13 is a diagram illustrating various scenarios related to wireless sensing via ISAC / JCAS.

[0036] Figure 14 is a diagram illustrating how an LMF allocates multiple frequencies to a UE for CPP measurement.

[0037] Figure 15 is a diagram for explaining how a terminal performs CPP measurement.

[0038] Figure 16 is a diagram for explaining how a network transmits configuration information for CPP measurement to a terminal.

[0039] Figure 17 illustrates a communication system applied to the present invention.

[0040] Figure 18 illustrates a wireless device applicable to the present invention.

[0041] Fig. 19 shows another example of a wireless device applied to the present invention.

[0042] A wireless communication system is a multiple access system that supports communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmission power, etc.). Examples of multiple access systems include code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), and multi-carrier frequency division multiple access (MC-FDMA).

[0043] Sidelink refers to a communication method that establishes a direct link between user equipment (UE), allowing voice or data to be exchanged directly between terminals without going through a base station (BS). Sidelink is being considered as a solution to address the burden on base stations due to rapidly increasing data traffic.

[0044] V2X (vehicle-to-everything) refers to a communication technology that exchanges information with other vehicles, pedestrians, and infrastructure-based objects through wired / wireless communication. V2X can be divided into four types: V2V (vehicle-to-vehicle), V2I (vehicle-to-infrastructure), V2N (vehicle-to-network), and V2P (vehicle-to-pedestrian). V2X communication can be provided through the PC5 interface and / or Uu interface.

[0045] Meanwhile, as more and more communication devices demand greater communication capacity, the need for improved mobile broadband communication compared to existing radio access technology (RAT) is emerging. Accordingly, communication systems that consider services or terminals sensitive to reliability and latency are being discussed. Next-generation wireless access technologies that consider improved mobile broadband communication, massive MTC, and URLLC (Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication) can be called new radio access technology (RAT) or new radio (NR). NR can also support V2X (vehicle-to-everything) communication.

[0046] The following technologies can be used in various wireless communication systems, such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications) / GPRS (general packet radio service) / EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, and E-UTRA (evolved UTRA). IEEE 802.16m is an evolution of IEEE 802.16e, providing backward compatibility with systems based on IEEE 802.16e. UTRA is part of UMTS (universal mobile telecommunications system). 3GPP (3rd generation partnership project) LTE (long term evolution) is a part of E-UMTS (evolved UMTS) that uses E-UTRA (evolved-UMTS terrestrial radio access), employing OFDMA in the downlink and SC-FDMA in the uplink.LTE-A (advanced) is an evolution of 3GPP LTE.

[0047] 5G NR, the successor to LTE-A, is a new clean-slate mobile communications system featuring high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0048] For clarity, the description will focus on LTE-A or 5G NR, but the technical ideas of the embodiment(s) are not limited thereto.

[0049] Figure 1 illustrates the architecture of an applicable LTE system. This may be referred to as an Evolved-UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) or a Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-A system.

[0050] Referring to FIG. 1, the E-UTRAN includes a base station (20; BS) that provides a control plane and a user plane to a terminal (10). The terminal (10) may be fixed or mobile, and may be referred to by other terms such as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS), a mobile terminal (MT), a wireless device, etc. The base station (20) refers to a fixed station that communicates with the terminal (10), and may be referred to by other terms such as an evolved-NodeB (eNB), a base transceiver system (BTS), an access point, etc.

[0051] Base stations (20) can be connected to each other via the X2 interface. The base station (20) is connected to an EPC (Evolved Packet Core, 30) via the S1 interface, more specifically, to an MME (Mobility Management Entity) via the S1-MME, and to an S-GW (Serving Gateway) via the S1-U.

[0052] The EPC (30) consists of an MME, an S-GW, and a P-GW (Packet Data Network-Gateway). The MME holds information about terminal access and capabilities, and this information is primarily used for terminal mobility management. The S-GW is a gateway with the E-UTRAN as its endpoint, and the P-GW is a gateway with the PDN as its endpoint.

[0053] The layers of the radio interface protocol between the terminal and the network can be divided into L1 (Layer 1), L2 (Layer 2), and L3 (Layer 3) based on the three lower layers of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) standard model, which is widely known in communication systems. Among these, the physical layer belonging to Layer 1 provides an information transfer service using a physical channel, and the RRC (Radio Resource Control) layer located in Layer 3 controls radio resources between the terminal and the network. To this end, the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the terminal and the base station.

[0054] Figure 2 shows the structure of the NR system.

[0055] Referring to FIG. 2, the NG-RAN may include a gNB and / or an eNB that provides user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE. FIG. 7 illustrates a case where only a gNB is included. The gNB and eNB are connected to each other via an Xn interface. The gNB and eNB are connected to the 5th generation core network (5G Core Network: 5GC) via the NG interface. More specifically, they are connected to the access and mobility management function (AMF) via the NG-C interface, and to the user plane function (UPF) via the NG-U interface.

[0056] Figure 3 shows the structure of a radio frame of NR.

[0057] Referring to FIG. 3, radio frames can be used for uplink and downlink transmission in NR. A radio frame has a length of 10 ms and can be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (Half-Frames, HF). A half-frame can include five 1 ms sub-frames (Subframes, SF). A sub-frame can be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a sub-frame can be determined by the Subcarrier Spacing (SCS). Each slot can include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols depending on the cyclic prefix (CP).

[0058] When normal CP is used, each slot can contain 14 symbols. When extended CP is used, each slot can contain 12 symbols. Here, the symbols can include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA (Single Carrier - FDMA) symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) symbols).

[0059] Table 1 below shows the number of symbols per slot ((N)) depending on the SCS setting (u) when normal CP is used. slot symb ), number of slots per frame ((N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe ((N subframe,u slot ) is an example.

[0060] SCS (15*2 u )N slot symb N frame,u slot N subframe,u slot 15KHz (u=0)1410130KHz (u=1)1420260KHz (u=2)14404120KHz (u=3)14808240KHz (u=4)1416016

[0061] Table 2 illustrates the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe according to SCS when extended CP is used.

[0062] SCS (15*2 u )N slot symb N frame,u slot N subframe,u slot 60KHz (u=2)12404

[0063] In an NR system, OFDM(A) numerologies (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) can be configured differently across multiple cells that are merged into a single terminal. Accordingly, the (absolute time) interval of a time resource (e.g., subframe, slot, or TTI) (conveniently referred to as a TU (Time Unit)) consisting of the same number of symbols can be configured differently across the merged cells. In NR, multiple numerologies or SCSs can be supported to support various 5G services. For example, when the SCS is 15 kHz, a wide area in traditional cellular bands can be supported, and when the SCS is 30 kHz / 60 kHz, dense-urban, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth can be supported. When the SCS is 60 kHz or higher, bandwidths greater than 24.25 GHz may be supported to overcome phase noise.

[0064] The NR frequency band can be defined by two types of frequency ranges. The two types of frequency ranges can be FR1 and FR2. The numerical values ​​of the frequency ranges can be changed, and for example, the two types of frequency ranges can be as shown in Table 3 below. Among the frequency ranges used in the NR system, FR1 can mean the "sub 6 GHz range", and FR2 can mean the "above 6 GHz range" and can be called millimeter wave (mmW).

[0065] Frequency Range designationCorresponding frequency rangeSubcarrier Spacing (SCS)FR1450MHz - 6000MHz15, 30, 60kHzFR224250MHz - 52600MHz60, 120, 240kHz

[0066] As described above, the numerical value of the frequency range of the NR system can be changed. For example, FR1 may include a band from 410 MHz to 7125 MHz, as shown in Table 4 below. That is, FR1 may include a frequency band above 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.). For example, the frequency band above 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) included within FR1 may include an unlicensed band. The unlicensed band may be used for various purposes, such as for vehicular communications (e.g., autonomous driving).

[0067] Frequency Range designationCorresponding frequency rangeSubcarrier Spacing (SCS)FR1410MHz - 7125MHz15, 30, 60kHzFR224250MHz - 52600MHz60, 120, 240kHz

[0068] Figure 4 shows the slot structure of an NR frame.

[0069] Referring to Figure 4, a slot includes multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, in the case of a normal CP, one slot may include 14 symbols, but in the case of an extended CP, one slot may include 12 symbols. Alternatively, in the case of a normal CP, one slot may include 7 symbols, but in the case of an extended CP, one slot may include 6 symbols.

[0070] A carrier includes multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. An RB (Resource Block) can be defined as multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A BWP (Bandwidth Part) can be defined as multiple consecutive (P)RBs ((Physical) Resource Blocks) in the frequency domain, and can correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can include up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication can be performed through activated BWPs. Each element can be referred to as a Resource Element (RE) in the resource grid, and one complex symbol can be mapped to it.

[0071] Meanwhile, the wireless interface between terminals or between terminals and a network may be composed of an L1 layer, an L2 layer, and an L3 layer. In various embodiments of the present disclosure, the L1 layer may refer to a physical layer. Furthermore, for example, the L2 layer may refer to at least one of a MAC layer, an RLC layer, a PDCP layer, and an SDAP layer. Furthermore, for example, the L3 layer may refer to an RRC layer.

[0072] Bandwidth part (BWP)

[0073] The NR system can support up to 400 MHz per component carrier (CC). If a terminal operating in such a wideband CC always operates with the RF on for the entire CC, the terminal battery consumption may increase. Alternatively, when considering multiple use cases (e.g., eMBB, URLLC, MMTC, V2X, etc.) operating within a wideband CC, different numerologies (e.g., sub-carrier spacing) may be supported for each frequency band within the CC. Alternatively, each terminal may have different capabilities for maximum bandwidth. Considering this, the base station can instruct the terminal to operate only in a portion of the bandwidth rather than the entire bandwidth of the wideband CC, and this portion of bandwidth is conveniently defined as a bandwidth part (BWP). A BWP can be composed of consecutive resource blocks (RBs) on the frequency axis and can correspond to a single numerology (e.g., sub-carrier spacing, CP length, slot / mini-slot duration).

[0074] Meanwhile, the base station can set multiple BWPs even within a single CC configured for the UE. For example, in the PDCCH monitoring slot, a BWP occupying a relatively small frequency range can be set, and the PDSCH indicated by the PDCCH can be scheduled on a larger BWP. Alternatively, if UEs are concentrated in a specific BWP, some UEs can be set to a different BWP for load balancing. Alternatively, considering frequency domain inter-cell interference cancellation between neighboring cells, a portion of the spectrum in the middle of the total bandwidth can be excluded, and both BWPs can be set within the same slot. That is, the base station can configure at least one DL / UL BWP for a terminal associated with a wideband CC, and can activate at least one DL / UL BWP among the configured DL / UL BWP(s) at a specific point in time (by L1 signaling or MAC CE or RRC signaling, etc.), and switching to another configured DL / UL BWP can be indicated (by L1 signaling or MAC CE or RRC signaling, etc.), or switching to a predetermined DL / UL BWP when the timer value expires based on a timer. At this time, the activated DL / UL BWP is defined as the active DL / UL BWP. However, the terminal may not receive the configuration for the DL / UL BWP in situations such as when the terminal is in the initial access process or before the RRC connection is set up. In such situations, the DL / UL BWP assumed by the terminal is defined as the initial active DL / UL BWP.

[0075] FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining physical channels that can be used in various embodiments and a signal transmission method using the same.

[0076] Referring to FIG. 5, a terminal that is powered on again after being powered off or that has newly entered a cell performs an initial cell search operation, such as synchronizing with the base station, in step S101. To this end, the terminal receives a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) from the base station. The SSB includes a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), and a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH). Based on the PSS / SSS, the terminal synchronizes with the base station and obtains information such as a cell ID (cell identity). In addition, the terminal can obtain broadcast information within the cell based on the PBCH. Meanwhile, the terminal can check the downlink channel status by receiving a Downlink Reference Signal (DL RS) during the initial cell search phase.

[0077] A terminal that has completed initial cell search can obtain more specific system information by receiving a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) based on physical downlink control channel information (S12).

[0078] Thereafter, the terminal may perform a random access procedure to complete connection to the base station (S13 to S16). To this end, the terminal may transmit a preamble through a physical random access channel (PRACH) (S13) and receive a random access response (RAR) for the preamble through a physical downlink control channel and a corresponding physical downlink shared channel (S14). The terminal may transmit a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) using scheduling information in the RAR (S15) and perform a contention resolution procedure such as receiving a physical downlink control channel signal and a corresponding physical downlink shared channel signal (S16).

[0079] Meanwhile, in addition to the random access process performed in 4 steps as above (4-step RACH, type-1 random access procedure), when the random access process is performed in 2 steps (2-step RACH, type-2 random access procedure), S13 / S15 may be performed as one operation in which the terminal performs transmission (e.g., transmission operation of message A including PRACH preamble and / or PUSCH), and S14 / S16 may be performed as one operation in which the base station performs transmission (e.g., transmission operation of message B including RAR and / or collision resolution information).

[0080] A terminal that has performed the procedure described above can then perform general uplink / downlink signal transmission procedures, such as receiving a physical downlink control channel signal and / or a physical downlink shared channel signal (S17) and transmitting a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH: Physical Uplink Shared Channel) signal and / or a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH: Physical Uplink Control Channel) signal (S18).

[0081] Control information transmitted from a terminal to a base station is collectively referred to as uplink control information (UCI). UCI includes information such as HARQ-ACK / NACK (Hybrid Automatic Repeat and reQuest Acknowledgement / Negative-ACK), SR (Scheduling Request), CQI (Channel Quality Indication), PMI (Precoding Matrix Indication), and RI (Rank Indication).

[0082] UCI is typically transmitted periodically over the PUCCH, but can also be transmitted over the PUSCH when control information and data must be transmitted simultaneously. Furthermore, terminals can transmit UCI aperiodically over the PUSCH at the request / instruction of the network.

[0083] Sounding Procedure

[0084] Figure 6 is a flowchart showing an example of a UL BM procedure using SRS.

[0085] Referring to Fig. 6, UL BM may or may not establish beam reciprocity (or beam correspondence) between Tx beam and Rx beam depending on the terminal implementation. If reciprocity between Tx beam and Rx beam is established at both the base station and the terminal, the UL beam pair can be aligned through the DL beam pair. However, if reciprocity between Tx beam and Rx beam is not established at either the base station or the terminal, a UL beam pair determination process is required separately from the DL beam pair determination.

[0086] The terminal receives RRC signaling (e.g., SRS-Config IE) from the base station including a usage parameter (higher layer parameter) set to 'beam management' (S1010).

[0087] The terminal determines a Tx beam for an SRS resource to be transmitted based on the SRS-SpatialRelation Info included in the SRS-Config IE (S1020). Here, the SRS-SpatialRelation Info is set for each SRS resource, and indicates whether to apply the same beam as the beam used in SSB, CSI-RS, or SRS for each SRS resource. In addition, SRS-SpatialRelationInfo may or may not be set for each SRS resource. If SRS-SpatialRelationInfo is set for an SRS resource, the same beam as the beam used in SSB, CSI-RS, or SRS is applied and transmitted. However, if SRS-SpatialRelationInfo is not set for an SRS resource, the terminal randomly determines a Tx beam and transmits the SRS through the determined Tx beam (S1030).

[0088] More specifically, for P-SRS with 'SRS-ResourceConfigType' set to 'periodic':

[0089] i) If SRS-SpatialRelationInfo is set to 'SSB / PBCH', the UE transmits the corresponding SRS resource by applying the same spatial domain transmission filter (or generated from the same filter) as the spatial domain Rx filter used for receiving the SSB / PBCH; or

[0090] ii) If SRS-SpatialRelationInfo is set to 'CSI-RS', the UE transmits SRS resources by applying the same spatial domain transmission filter used for receiving periodic CSI-RS or SP CSI-RS; or

[0091] iii) If SRS-SpatialRelationInfo is set to 'SRS', the UE transmits the corresponding SRS resource by applying the same spatial domain transmission filter used for transmitting periodic SRS.

[0092] Beam decision and transmission behavior similar to the above can be applied even when 'SRS-ResourceConfigType' is set to 'SP-SRS' or 'AP-SRS'.

[0093] - Additionally, the terminal may or may not receive feedback on SRS from the base station in the following three cases (S1040).

[0094] i) If Spatial_Relation_Info is set for all SRS resources within the SRS resource set, the terminal transmits SRS using the beam indicated by the base station. For example, if Spatial_Relation_Info indicates the same SSB, CRI, or SRI, the terminal repeatedly transmits SRS using the same beam.

[0095] ii) Spatial_Relation_Info may not be set for all SRS resources within the SRS resource set. In this case, the terminal can freely change the SRS beam while transmitting.

[0096] iii) Spatial_Relation_Info may be set only for some SRS resources within an SRS resource set. In this case, SRS is transmitted using the indicated beam for the set SRS resources, and for SRS resources for which Spatial_Relation_Info is not set, the terminal may arbitrarily apply a Tx beam for transmission.

[0097] Additionally, DCI format 0_0 or 0_1 may be used for uplink scheduling, and in particular, DCI format 0_1 ​​includes the following information:

[0098] - Identifier for DCI formats, UL / SUL (Supplementary uplink) indicator, Bandwidth part indicator, Frequency domain resource assignment, Time domain resource assignment, Frequency hopping flag, Modulation and coding scheme (MCS), SRS resource indicator (SRI), Precoding information and number of layers, Antenna port(s), SRS request, DMRS sequence initialization, UL-SCH (Uplink Shared Channel) indicator

[0099] In particular, SRS resources set within the SRS resource set associated with the upper layer parameter 'usage' can be indicated by the SRS resource indicator field. In addition, 'spatialRelationInfo' can be set for each SRS resource, and its value can be one of {CRI, SSB, SRI}.

[0100] When the terminal detects a PDCCH including DCI format 0_0 or 0_1, it transmits the corresponding PUSCH according to the instructions of the corresponding DCI.

[0101] Two transmission methods are supported for PUSCH transmission: codebook-based transmission and non-codebook-based transmission:

[0102] i) When the upper layer parameter 'txConfig' is set to 'codebook', the terminal is configured for codebook-based transmission. On the other hand, when the upper layer parameter 'txConfig' is set to 'nonCodebook', the terminal is configured for non-codebook-based transmission. If the upper layer parameter 'txConfig' is not set, the terminal does not expect to be scheduled by DCI format 0_1. When PUSCH is scheduled by DCI format 0_0, PUSCH transmission is based on a single antenna port.

[0103] For codebook-based transmission, PUSCH can be scheduled in DCI format 0_0, DCI format 0_1, or semi-statically. If this PUSCH is scheduled by DCI format 0_1, the UE determines the PUSCH transmission precoder based on the SRI, the Transmit Precoding Matrix Indicator (TPMI), and the transmission rank from the DCI, as given by the SRS resource indicator field and the Precoding information and number of layers field. The TPMI is used to indicate the precoder to be applied across antenna ports, and corresponds to the SRS resource selected by the SRI when multiple SRS resources are configured. Alternatively, if a single SRS resource is configured, the TPMI is used to indicate the precoder to be applied across antenna ports, and corresponds to the single SRS resource. The transmission precoder is selected from the uplink codebook having the same number of antenna ports as the upper layer parameter 'nrofSRS-Ports'. When the upper layer of the terminal is set to 'codebook' and the parameter 'txConfig' is set, the terminal is configured with at least one SRS resource. The SRI indicated in slot n is associated with the most recent transmission of the SRS resource identified by the SRI, where the SRS resource precedes the PDCCH carrying the SRI (i.e., slot n).

[0104] ii) For non-codebook based transmission, PUSCH can be scheduled in DCI format 0_0, DCI format 0_1, or semi-statically. When multiple SRS resources are configured, the UE can determine the PUSCH precoder and transmission rank based on the wideband SRI, which is given by the SRS resource indicator in the DCI or the higher layer parameter 'srs-ResourceIndicator'. The UE uses one or multiple SRS resources for SRS transmission, and the number of SRS resources can be configured for simultaneous transmission within the same RB based on the UE capability. Only one SRS port is configured for each SRS resource. Only one SRS resource can be configured with the higher layer parameter 'usage' set to 'nonCodebook'. The maximum number of SRS resources that can be configured for non-codebook based uplink transmission is 4. The SRI indicated in slot n is associated with the most recent transmission of the SRS resource identified by the SRI, where the SRS transmission precedes the PDCCH carrying the SRI (i.e., slot n).

[0105] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a positioning protocol configuration for measuring the position of a terminal to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0106] Referring to FIG. 7, LPP can be used as a point-to-point between a location server (E-SMLC and / or SLP and / or LMF) and a target device to position the target device (UE and / or SET) using position-related measurements obtained from one or more reference sources. Through LPP, the target device and the location server can exchange measurement and / or location information based on signal A and / or signal B.

[0107] NRPPa can be used to exchange information between a reference source (ACCESS NODE and / or BS and / or TP and / or NG-RAN node) and a location server.

[0108] The functions provided by the NRPPa protocol may include:

[0109] - E-CID Location Information Transfer. This function allows location information to be exchanged between the reference source and the LMF for E-CID positioning purposes.

[0110] - OTDOA Information Transfer. This function allows information to be exchanged between the reference source and the LMF for OTDOA positioning purposes.

[0111] - Reporting of General Error Situations. This feature allows reporting of general error situations for which no function-specific error message is defined.

[0112] PRS (positioning reference signal)

[0113] For positioning, a positioning reference signal (PRS) can be used. A PRS is a reference signal used to estimate the position of a UE.

[0114] A positioning frequency layer may include one or more sets of PRS resources, and each of the one or more sets of PRS resources may include one or more PRS resources.

[0115] Sequence generation

[0116] Sequence of PRS can be defined by the mathematical formula 1 below.

[0117] [Mathematical Formula 1]

[0118]

[0119] c(i) can be a pseudo-random sequence. The pseudo-random sequence generator can be initialized by the following mathematical expression (2).

[0120] [Equation 2]

[0121]

[0122] can be the slot number within the frame in the SCS (subcarrier spacing) setting μ. DL PRS sequence ID (downlink PRS sequence ID) can be given by a higher layer parameter (e.g., DL-PRS-SequenceId). l can be an OFDM symbol within a slot to which the sequence is mapped.

[0123] Mapping to physical resources in a DL PRS resource

[0124] Sequence of PRS silver can be scaled by It can be mapped to RE (resource element). More specifically, it can be done according to the following mathematical formula 3. can mean RE (k,l) for antenna port p and SCS setting μ.

[0125] [Equation 3]

[0126]

[0127] Here, the following conditions may need to be satisfied:

[0128] - RE is included in the RB (resource block) occupied by the DL PRS resources set for the UE;

[0129] - The symbol l is not used by any SS / PBCH block used by the serving cell for downlink PRS transmitted from the serving cell or indicated by the higher-layer parameter SSB-positionInBurst for downlink PRS transmitted from a non-serving cell;

[0130] - The slot number satisfies the conditions related to the PRS resource set described below;

[0131] is the first symbol of DL PRS in the slot and can be given by the upper layer parameter DL-PRS-ResourceSymbolOffset. The size of DL PRS resource in the time domain. can be given by the upper layer parameter DL-PRS-NumSymbols. Comb size (comb size) can be given by the upper layer parameter transmissionComb. and combination of can be one of {2, 2}, {4, 2}, {6, 2}, {12, 2}, {4, 4}, {12, 4}, {6, 6}, {12, 6} and / or {12, 12}. RE offset can be given by combOffset. Frequency offset is as in Table 5 can be a function of .

[0132]

[0133] The reference point for k=0 may be the location of point A of the positioning frequency layer where DL PRS resources are set. Point A may be given by the upper layer parameter dl-PRS-PointA-r16.

[0134] Mapping to slots in a DL PRS resource set

[0135] DL PRS resources within a DL PRS resource set can be transmitted in slots and frames that satisfy mathematical expression 4 below.

[0136] [Equation 4]

[0137]

[0138] can be the number of slots per frame in the SCS setting μ. may be the SFN (system frame number). can be the slot number within the frame in the SCS setting μ. Slot offset can be given by the upper layer parameter DL-PRS-ResourceSetSlotOffset. DL PRS resource slot offset can be given by the upper layer parameter DL-PRS-ResourceSlotOffset. Cycle can be given by the upper layer parameter DL-PRS-Periodicity. Repetition factor can be given by the upper layer parameter DL-PRS-ResourceRepetitionFactor. Muting repetition factor can be given by the upper layer parameter DL-PRS-MutingBitRepetitionFactor. Time gap can be given by the upper layer parameter DL-PRS-ResourceTimeGap.

[0139] UE Positioning Architecture

[0140] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the architecture of a system for measuring the position of a terminal to which various embodiments can be applied.

[0141] Referring to FIG. 8, the AMF (Core Access and Mobility Management Function) may receive a request for location service related to a specific target UE from another entity, such as the GMLC (Gateway Mobile Location Center), or the AMF itself may decide to initiate location service on behalf of a specific target UE. Then, the AMF transmits the location service request to the LMF (Location Management Function). The LMF, which has received the location service request, may process the location service request and return the processing result, including the estimated location of the UE, to the AMF. Meanwhile, if the location service request is received from another entity, such as the GMLC, other than the AMF, the AMF may forward the processing result received from the LMF to the other entity.

[0142] ng-eNB (new generation evolved-NB) and gNB are network elements of NG-RAN that can provide measurement results for location tracking. They can measure radio signals for target UEs and transmit the results to the LMF. In addition, ng-eNB can control several Transmission Points (TPs), such as remote radio heads (RFHs), or PRS-only TPs that support a PRS-based beacon system for E-UTRA.

[0143] The LMF is connected to an Enhanced Serving Mobile Location Center (E-SMLC), and the E-SMLC can enable the LMF to access the E-UTRAN. For example, the E-SMLC can enable the LMF to support Observed Time Difference Of Arrival (OTDOA), one of the positioning methods of the E-UTRAN, by utilizing downlink measurements acquired by the target UE via signals transmitted from the eNB and / or PRS-dedicated TPs in the E-UTRAN.

[0144] Meanwhile, the LMF can be connected to the SUPL Location Platform (SLP). The LMF can support and manage different positioning services for target UEs. The LMF can interact with the serving ng-eNB or serving gNB for the target UE to obtain the location measurement of the UE. For the positioning of the target UE, the LMF can determine the positioning method based on the Location Service (LCS) client type, the required Quality of Service (QoS), the UE positioning capabilities, the gNB positioning capabilities, and the ng-eNB positioning capabilities, and can apply the positioning method to the serving gNB and / or serving ng-eNB. In addition, the LMF can determine the position estimate for the target UE and additional information such as the accuracy of the position estimate and velocity. The SLP is a Secure User Plane Location (SUPL) entity responsible for positioning through the user plane.

[0145] The UE can measure the location of the UE by utilizing the downlink reference signal transmitted from the NG-RAN and E-UTRAN. At this time, the downlink reference signal transmitted from the NG-RAN and E-UTRAN to the UE may include SS / PBCH block, CSI-RS and / or PRS, etc., and which downlink reference signal to use to measure the location of the UE may depend on the settings of LMF / E-SMLC / ng-eNB / E-UTRAN, etc. In addition, the location of the UE may be measured in a RAT-independent manner by utilizing different GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), TBS (Terrestrial Beacon System), WLAN (Wireless local area network) access points, Bluetooth beacons, and sensors built into the UE (e.g., barometric pressure sensor). The UE may include an LCS application and may access the LCS application through communication with a network to which the UE is connected or through another application included in the UE. The LCS application may include measurement and calculation functions necessary to determine the location of the UE. For example, a UE may include an independent positioning capability, such as a Global Positioning System (GPS), and may report its location independently of NG-RAN transmissions. This independently acquired positioning information may be utilized as supplementary information to positioning information acquired from the network.

[0146] Actions for measuring the position of the UE

[0147] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a procedure for measuring the position of a terminal to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0148] When the AMF receives a location service request while the UE is in CM-IDLE (Connection Management - IDLE) state, the AMF may establish a signaling connection with the UE and request a network trigger service to allocate a specific serving gNB or ng-eNB. This operation process is omitted in FIG. 9. That is, in FIG. 9, it can be assumed that the UE is in connected mode. However, the signaling connection may be released by the NG-RAN during the positioning process due to reasons such as signaling and data inactivity.

[0149] Referring to FIG. 9, the network operation process for specifically measuring the location of a UE will be described. In step 1a, a 5GC entity such as a GMLC may request a location service to measure the location of a target UE from a serving AMF. However, even if the GMLC does not request a location service, the serving AMF may determine, according to step 1b, that a location service is necessary to measure the location of the target UE. For example, the serving AMF may decide to directly perform a location service to measure the location of a UE for an emergency call.

[0150] Thereafter, the AMF may transmit a location service request to the LMF according to step 2, and the LMF may initiate location procedures with the serving ng-eNB and the serving gNB according to step 3a to obtain location measurement data or location measurement assistance data. For example, the LMF may request location-related information related to one or more UEs from the NG-RAN, and indicate the type of location information required and the associated QoS. Then, the NG-RAN may transmit the location-related information to the LMF in response to the request. At this time, if the location determination method in the request is E-CID, the NG-RAN may transmit additional location-related information to the LMF via one or more NRPPa messages. Here, the 'location-related information' may mean all values ​​used for location calculation, such as actual location estimation information and wireless measurement or location measurement. In addition, the protocol used in step 3a may be the NRPPa protocol, which will be described later.

[0151] Additionally, according to step 3b, the LMF may initiate location procedures for downlink positioning with the UE. For example, the LMF may transmit location assistance data to the UE, or obtain a location estimate or location measurement. For example, a capability transfer process may be performed in step 3b. Specifically, the LMF may request capability information from the UE, and the UE may transmit capability information to the LMF. In this case, the capability information may include information about the positioning methods that the LFM or UE can support, information about various aspects of a specific positioning method, such as various types of assistance data for A-GNSS, and information about common features that are not limited to any one positioning method, such as the ability to handle multiple LPP transactions. Meanwhile, in some cases, the UE may provide capability information to the LMF even if the LMF does not request capability information from the UE.

[0152] As another example, a location assistance data transfer process may be performed in step 3b. Specifically, the UE may request location assistance data from the LMF and indicate to the LMF the specific location assistance data it requires. Then, the LMF may transmit the corresponding location assistance data to the UE, and additionally, may transmit additional assistance data to the UE via one or more additional LPP messages. Meanwhile, the location assistance data transmitted from the LMF to the UE may be transmitted via unicast, and in some cases, the LMF may transmit location assistance data and / or additional assistance data to the UE without the UE requesting assistance data from the LMF.

[0153] As another example, a Location Information Transfer process may be performed in step 3b. Specifically, the LMF may request location-related information related to the UE from the UE and indicate the type of required location information and the associated QoS. Then, the UE may transmit the location-related information to the LMF in response to the request. In addition, the UE may transmit additional location-related information to the LMF via one or more LPP messages. Here, the term "location-related information" may refer to all values ​​used for location calculation, such as actual location estimation information and wireless measurement or location measurement, and a representative example may be a Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) value measured by the UE based on downlink reference signals transmitted to the UE from multiple NG-RANs and / or E-UTRANs. Similarly to the above, the UE may transmit the location-related information to the LMF even without a request from the LMF.

[0154] Meanwhile, the processes performed in step 3b described above can be performed independently or sequentially. Typically, step 3b is performed in the following order: capability transfer, assistance data transfer, and location information transfer, but this order is not limited. In other words, step 3b is not restricted to a specific order to enhance the flexibility of location measurement. For example, the UE can request location assistance data at any time to fulfill a location measurement request already requested by the LMF. Furthermore, the LMF can request location information, such as location measurements or location estimates, at any time if the location information provided by the UE does not satisfy the required QoS. Similarly, if the UE has not performed measurements for location estimation, it can transmit capability information to the LMF at any time.

[0155] Additionally, if an error occurs in the information or request exchanged between the LMF and the UE in step 3b, an error message may be sent and received, and an abort message to stop position measurement may be sent and received.

[0156] Meanwhile, the protocol used in step 3b may be the LPP protocol, which will be described later.

[0157] Meanwhile, step 3b may be performed additionally after step 3a is performed, or may be performed instead of step 3a.

[0158] In step 4, the LMF may provide a location service response to the AMF. The location service response may also include information about whether the UE's location estimation was successful and an estimate of the UE's location. If the procedure of FIG. 9 was initiated by step 1a, the AMF may forward the location service response to a 5GC entity, such as the GMLC. If the procedure of FIG. 9 was initiated by step 1b, the AMF may utilize the location service response to provide location services related to emergency calls, etc.

[0159] LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)

[0160] Figure 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a protocol layer for supporting transmission of LTE positioning protocol (LPP) messages to which various embodiments can be applied. LPP PDUs can be transmitted via NAS PDUs between an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) and a UE.

[0161] Referring to FIG. 10, LPP can be terminated between a target device (e.g., a UE in the control plane or a SUPL Enabled Terminal (SET) in the user plane) and a location server (e.g., an LMF in the control plane or an SLP in the user plane). LPP messages can be conveyed in the form of transparent PDUs over an intermediate network interface using a suitable protocol, such as NGAP over the NG-C interface, NAS / RRC over the LTE-Uu and NR-Uu interfaces. The LPP protocol enables positioning for NR and LTE using various positioning methods.

[0162] For example, via the LPP protocol, a target device and a location server can exchange capability information, auxiliary data for positioning, and / or location information. Additionally, LPP messages can be used to exchange error information and / or indicate the termination of an LPP procedure.

[0163] NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa)

[0164] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a protocol layer for supporting NRPPa (NR positioning protocol a) PDU (protocol data unit) transmission to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0165] NRPPa can be used to exchange information between NG-RAN nodes and LMFs. Specifically, NRPPa can exchange E-CIDs for measurements transmitted from ng-eNBs to LMFs, data to support OTDOA positioning methods, Cell-IDs for NR Cell ID positioning methods, and Cell Location IDs. Even if the AMF does not have information about the associated NRPPa transactions, it can route NRPPa PDUs based on the routing ID of the associated LMF through the NG-C interface.

[0166] The NRPPa protocol's procedures for location and data collection can be divided into two types. The first type is a UE-associated procedure for conveying information about a specific UE (e.g., position measurement information, etc.), and the second type is a non-UE-associated procedure for conveying information applicable to NG-RAN nodes and associated TPs (e.g., gNB / ng-eNG / TP timing information, etc.). These two types of procedures may be supported independently or simultaneously.

[0167] Positioning Measurement Method

[0168] The positioning methods supported by NG-RAN may include GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), OTDOA, E-CID (enhanced cell ID), barometric positioning, WLAN positioning, Bluetooth positioning, terrestrial beacon system (TBS), and UTDOA (Uplink Time Difference of Arrival). Among the above positioning methods, the position of the UE may be measured using any one of the positioning methods, but the position of the UE may also be measured using two or more positioning methods.

[0169] OTDOA (Observed Time Difference Of Arrival)

[0170] FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of an OTDOA (observed time difference of arrival) positioning method to which various embodiments can be applied.

[0171] The OTDOA positioning method utilizes the timing measurements of downlink signals received by the UE from multiple TPs, including the eNB, ng-eNB, and PRS-dedicated TPs. The UE measures the timing of the received downlink signals using location assistance data received from a location server. Based on these measurement results and the geographic coordinates of neighboring TPs, the UE's location can be determined.

[0172] A UE connected to a gNB can request a measurement gap for OTDOA measurements from a TP. If the UE does not recognize the SFN for at least one TP in the OTDOA assistance data, the UE can use an autonomous gap to obtain the SFN of the OTDOA reference cell before requesting a measurement gap to perform Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) measurements.

[0173] Here, the RSTD can be defined based on the smallest relative time difference between the boundaries of two subframes received from the reference cell and the measurement cell, respectively. That is, it can be calculated based on the relative time difference between the start time of the subframe of the reference cell that is closest to the start time of the subframe received from the measurement cell. Meanwhile, the reference cell can be selected by the UE.

[0174] Accurate OTDOA measurement requires measuring the time of arrival (TOA) of signals received from three or more geographically dispersed TPs or base stations. For example, the TOA for TP 1, TP 2, and TP 3 can be measured, and based on the three TOAs, the RSTD for TP 1-TP 2, the RSTD for TP 2-TP 3, and the RSTD for TP 3-TP 1 can be calculated. Based on these TOAs, a geometric hyperbola can be determined, and the point where these hyperbolas intersect can be used to estimate the UE's location. Since each TOA measurement may have inaccuracies and / or uncertainties, the estimated UE's location can be known within a certain range depending on the measurement uncertainty.

[0175] For example, the RSTD for two TPs can be calculated based on Equation 5.

[0176] [Equation 5]

[0177]

[0178] c is the speed of light, are the (unknown) coordinates of the target UE, are the coordinates of the (known) TP, can be the coordinates of the reference TP (or another TP). Here, is the transmission time offset between two TPs, which can be called "Real Time Differences" (RTDs), and n i , n1 can represent a value related to the UE TOA measurement error.

[0179] E-CID (Enhanced Cell ID)

[0180] In the Cell ID (CID) positioning method, the location of the UE can be measured through geographic information of the UE's serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and / or serving cell. For example, geographic information of the serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and / or serving cell can be obtained through paging, registration, etc.

[0181] Meanwhile, the E-CID positioning method may utilize additional UE measurements and / or NG-RAN radio resources in addition to the CID positioning method to improve the UE position estimate. In the E-CID positioning method, some of the same measurement methods as the measurement control system of the RRC protocol may be used, but generally, additional measurements are not performed solely for UE position measurement. In other words, a separate measurement configuration or measurement control message may not be provided to measure the UE's position, and the UE may not expect to be requested to perform additional measurement operations solely for position measurement, and may report measurement values ​​obtained through measurement methods that the UE can generally measure.

[0182] For example, a serving gNB can implement an E-CID positioning method using E-UTRA measurements provided from the UE.

[0183] Examples of measurement elements that can be used for E-CID positioning include:

[0184] - UE measurements: E-UTRA RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power), E-UTRA RSRQ (Reference Signal Received Quality), UE E-UTRA Rx-Tx Time difference, GERAN / WLAN RSSI (Reference Signal Strength Indication), UTRAN CPICH (Common Pilot Channel) RSCP (Received Signal Code Power), UTRAN CPICH Ec / Io

[0185] - E-UTRAN measurements: ng-eNB Rx-Tx Time difference, Timing Advance (TADV), Angle of Arrival (AoA)

[0186] Here, TADV can be divided into Type 1 and Type 2 as follows.

[0187] TADV Type 1 = (ng-eNB RX-TX time difference) + (UE E-UTRA RX-TX time difference)

[0188] TADV Type 2 = ng-eNB receive-transmit time difference

[0189] Meanwhile, AoA can be used to measure the direction of a UE. AoA can be defined as an estimated angle relative to the UE's position in a counterclockwise direction from a base station / TP. In this case, the geographical reference direction may be north. The base station / TP can use uplink signals such as a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) and / or a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) for AoA measurement. In addition, the larger the antenna array array, the higher the AoA measurement accuracy. When antenna arrays are arranged at equal intervals, signals received from adjacent antenna elements can have a constant phase shift (phase-rotate).

[0190] ISAC and JCAS

[0191] Figure 13 is a diagram illustrating various scenarios related to wireless sensing via ISAC / JCAS.

[0192] Recently, various methods for utilizing wireless sensing in wireless communication systems are being discussed. While utilizing existing radar technology for wireless sensing purposes can be considered, radar technology is specialized for sensing and does not take communication characteristics into account. Furthermore, transmitting and receiving nodes require separate devices to transmit and receive signals for wireless sensing purposes, which can pose limitations. To address these issues, methods for utilizing wireless sensing in wireless communication systems that support communication using cellular networks, such as 5G and / or next-generation 6G (e.g., Integrated Sensing And Communication (ISAC) or Joint Communication And Sensing (JCAS)) are being actively studied.

[0193] 3GPP standardization has begun a study on supporting ISAC in 5G / 6G. In TR 22.837 document published by 3GPP SA1 WG, wireless sensing is defined as a technology that uses radio waves to measure distance, angle, or instantaneous velocity to obtain information about the characteristics of the environment and / or surrounding objects. At this time, a scenario in which sensing and communication share the same frequency band and hardware is being considered, and the radio wave for sensing can share / reuse the radio wave for communication purposes (e.g., use of reference signals for communication purposes (e.g., SSB, DMRS, CSI-RS and / or SRS)) or design a separate radio wave for wireless sensing purposes.

[0194] In general, wireless sensing supported by ISAC can be considered to be performed through a process in which a signal transmitted from a transmitter is reflected by a target object and received by a receiver, and a sensing mode for a scenario that is distinguished depending on the relationship between the transmitter and the receiver can be defined. Based on whether the transmitter and the receiver are identical, a mono-static sensing mode can be defined when the transmitter and the receiver are the same, and a bi-static sensing mode can be defined when the transmitter and the receiver are different. Considering the transmission and reception operations in the 3GPP standard and the nodes participating therein, the sensing mode can be representatively divided into six types, as illustrated in Fig. 13.

[0195] (1) gNB mono-static sensing mode: gNB that transmits radio waves receives the reflected signal.

[0196] (2) gNB-to-gNB bi-static sensing mode: A signal that is the reflection of a radio wave transmitted by a specific gNB is received by another gNB.

[0197] (3) gNB-to-UE bi-static sensing mode: The UE receives the signal reflected from the radio wave transmitted by the gNB.

[0198] (4) UE mono-static sensing mode: UE that transmits radio waves receives reflected signals.

[0199] (5) UE-to-UE bi-static sensing mode: A signal that is the reflection of a radio wave transmitted by a specific transmitting UE is received by another UE.

[0200] (6) UE-to-gNB bi-static sensing mode: The gNB receives the signal that is the reflection of the radio wave transmitted by the transmitting UE.

[0201] In addition to the above six use cases, a sensing mode that includes multiple transmitting / receiving nodes can be referred to using the term multi-static sensing mode.

[0202] Wireless sensing via ISAC / JCAS is being considered for various scenarios. Generally, wireless sensing is intended to obtain information about a target without (or regardless of) a communication module. The scenarios considered can be broadly categorized into three categories.

[0203] (1) Object detection and tracking: A scenario for detecting target objects or people or tracking location information. Representative scenarios that can be considered include intruder detection in indoor / outdoor situations, location tracking of UAVs or AGVs, and autonomous driving support.

[0204] (2) Environment monitoring: A scenario for the purpose of collecting information about the environment around the transmitting / receiving node. Representative scenarios that can be considered include rainfall information observation and flood detection scenarios.

[0205] (3) Motion monitoring: A scenario for detecting the motion of a target, such as a scenario for distinguishing human motion or gestures, can be considered as a representative example.

[0206] The performance metrics and levels required for each of the above scenarios vary and may differ from one another. To design an ISAC / JCAS that meets the service quality requirements of each scenario, various key performance requirements must be considered. TS 22.137 of the 3GPP standard defines the following key performance requirements for each service scenario: accuracy of positioning estimate, accuracy of velocity estimate, confidence level, sensing resolution, missed detection probability, false alarm probability, maximum sensing service latency, and refreshing rate. The required levels for each key performance requirement may vary depending on the service scenario.

[0207] carrier phase measurement (CPM)

[0208] CPM is one of the position estimation algorithms used in GPS / GNSS. Simply put, CPM measures the phase of the received transmission signal to estimate the distance between the transmitter and receiver, and determines the position based on the estimated distance. In other words, the user's location can be measured by measuring the distance to each satellite based on the signals received from multiple satellites. In this case, it is assumed that there is a line of sight (LoS) between the satellite and the user, and through this assumption, the difference in the time received between the transmitter and receiver can be replaced with the distance between the transmitter and receiver. Meanwhile, the satellite channel may experience multipath and delay due to the ionosphere, and the multipath and delay due to the ionosphere can be eliminated through modeling.

[0209] The matters discussed in relation to (3GPP) CPM in a specific scenario are as shown in Table 9 below.

[0210] To achieve higher positioning accuracy, two promising technologies identified in specific scenarios could be considered for Rel-18. One could leverage the 5G spectrum to transmit and receive positioning reference signals on intra-band carriers based on PRS / SRS bandwidth aggregation, thereby increasing bandwidth. The other could utilize NR carrier phase positioning. GNSS carrier phase positioning (CPP) has been used successfully for centimeter-level positioning, but its application has been limited to outdoor applications. NR CPP has the potential to significantly improve performance in both indoor and outdoor deployments compared to existing NR positioning methods, and could offer lower latency and lower UE power consumption compared to outdoor RTK-GNSS. The specific goals of this specific scenario are as follows:

[0211] (1) Improved accuracy, integrity, and power efficiency: Research on solutions for the integrity of RAT-dependent position measurement technology.

[0212] - Identify the cause of the error [RAN1, RAN2].

[0213] - Study of methodologies, procedures, signals, etc. for integrity determination for UE-based and UE-assisted positioning [RAN2].

[0214] - Where possible, focus on reusing concepts and principles under development for RAT-independent GNSS positioning integrity.

[0215] (2) Research on solutions for improving accuracy based on PRS / SRS bandwidth aggregation for intra-band carriers, e.g., time error, phase coherence, frequency error, power imbalance, etc. [RAN4].

[0216] - Research on solutions for improving accuracy based on NR carrier phase measurements: Reference signals, physical layer measurements, and physical layer procedures enabling NR carrier phase measurements for UE-based and UE-aided positioning [RAN1]. New reference signals will be considered only when necessary, with a focus on reusing existing PRS and SRS.

[0217] (3) Study the requirements for LPHAP developed by SA1 and evaluate whether existing RAN capabilities can support these power consumption and positioning requirements. Based on the evaluation, if deemed beneficial, study potential enhancements to address limitations [RAN2, RAN1].

[0218] - The study is limited to a single representative LPHAP use case (Use Case 6 defined in TS 22.104). The selected use case can be reviewed at the start of the study.

[0219] - Research is limited to enhancements to RRC_INACTIVE and / or RRC_IDLE states.

[0220] That is, according to the specific scenario described above, CPM was considered as a major item in Rel-18 positioning. The existing CPM is one of the position estimation algorithms used in GPS / GNSS. Simply put, it measures the phase of the received transmission signal to estimate the distance between the transmitter and receiver, and determines the position based on the estimated distance. In other words, the user receives signals from multiple satellites and measures the distance to each satellite based on this to determine the user's position. At this time, it is assumed that there is a LoS (Line of Sight) between the satellite and the user, and therefore, the difference in the reception time between the transmitter and receiver can be substituted for the distance between the transmitter and receiver. In particular, the satellite channel can experience multipath and delay due to the ionosphere, and a method is taken to remove this through modeling.

[0221] Meanwhile, the aforementioned Carrier Phase Measurement (CPM) can be compared with the Code Phase Measurement method. While Code Phase Measurement is commonly used, in GPS / GNSS-related positioning, the actual carrier phase can be directly measured. Typically, Carrier Phase Measurement can be more accurate than Code Phase Measurement, as it directly measures the phase within one cycle corresponding to the carrier frequency. Meanwhile, CPM and Code Phase Measurement may also be performed based on similar or identical algorithms or methods.

[0222] CPM (carrier phase measurement) can be used as a basic positioning principle by transmitting a set signal at a set time from a transmitter and measuring the exact reception point at the carrier phase level (i.e., within the cycle of the carrier frequency) at the receiver. In this case, the distance between the transmitter and receiver can be measured very accurately based on CPM. To use this method, the distance can typically be converted into a phase, and a pseudo-range equation can be derived through the conversion. As CPM positioning according to the pseudo-range equation, positioning based on GNSS / GPS can be performed using the following mathematical equation 6.

[0223] [Equation 6]

[0224]

[0225] Here, p is Pseudo-range measurement, is The true range, is Satellite orbital errors, c is the speed of light, dt is Satellite clock offset from GPS time, dT is Receiver clock offset from GPS time, Ionospheric delay, Tropospheric delay, is Multipath, may be receiver noise.

[0226] These terms can be considered in GPS / GNSS, and there may be techniques for removing each term. In addition, although not expressed in the above mathematical equation 6, the carrier phase information that the user can estimate is [0 2π], and a separate estimation method is required for distances outside this range. That is, when converting the distance between the actual user and the satellite into a phase, the receiver needs to estimate the distance corresponding to an integer multiple of the period of the corresponding frequency using a separate estimation method (integer ambiguity resolution).

[0227] Differencing

[0228] Furthermore, positioning using GNSS / GPS-based CPM may also require the following considerations. Specifically, cycle slips may occur in the fisheries unit, requiring reporting or correction. Cycle slips can occur when the receiver is unable to track beyond a certain threshold (e.g., half-cycle). Such cycle slips may render the corresponding epoch measurements from the transmitter invalid. Measurements can be reused after cycle slips, but integer ambiguity must be re-estimated.

[0229] Additionally, the problem of position dilution may also occur. Position dilution refers to the fact that the accuracy of positioning may vary depending on the locations of the transmitters and receivers (or the distance between them) even when positioning is performed based on the same SNR from the same number of transmitters and receivers. This can also be defined as GDOP (Geometric dilution of precision). For example, when a receiver determines its location by receiving signals from N transmitters, the positioning accuracy of the receiver may be lower when the locations of the N transmitters are all similar than when the N transmitters are evenly distributed.

[0230] Integer ambiguity resolution

[0231] First, the solution related to integer ambiguity resolution can be considered as follows (see Lee Hong-gyu, (2014). "An Instantaneous Integer Ambiguity Resolution for GPS Real-Time Structure Monitoring", Journal of Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 34, No. 1, pp. 342 - 353 (in Korean)).

[0232] In dynamic positioning using GPS carrier waves, centimeter-level accuracy is achieved through precise determination of unknown integers or integer ambiguities contained in the observation data. This requires ambiguity resolution, a mathematical procedure that converts ambiguous ranges, which are subject to uncertainty, into precise distances with millimeter-level precision. In GPS dynamic positioning, the integer constrained least-squares method is commonly applied (Teunnissen, 1994; Han et al., 1997; Verhagen, 2004).

[0233] However, when the receiver is moving, the observation data that can be used in the mathematical model is limited compared to when it is not moving, so the estimation precision is low and the correlation is high, making it difficult to quickly and accurately determine the unknowns (Teunnissen, 1993; Lee et al., 2005). Therefore, in GPS dynamic positioning, it is common to use the On-The-Fly (OTF) technique, which extracts and accumulates only the unknown part of the normal equation. In this case, the time required for initializing the unknowns ranges from several seconds to several minutes depending on the satellite geometry and the remaining errors (Hofmann-Wellenhof et al., 2001). This technique has a low processing computational burden because it uses pre-determined unknowns unless a cycle slip phenomenon occurs after initialization. However, if initialization is required, it is impossible to perform high-precision positioning during that period. In addition, the algorithm is inevitably complex because the unknowns must be recalculated in response to changes in the satellite geometry and continuous monitoring for signal interruptions is required.

[0234] Accordingly, with the advent of dual-frequency receivers capable of precise pseudo-range observations in the mid-1990s, instantaneous ambiguity resolution techniques were developed for baseline lengths of approximately 10 km (Han et al., 1996). This technique independently determines the instantaneous ambiguity for each epoch whenever the GPS receiver acquires a carrier and precise pseudo-range. Therefore, it does not require additional algorithms for signal interruption and satellite geometry inspection, making it suitable for GPS structure monitoring positioning environments where such phenomena frequently occur due to the structures themselves and vehicle traffic. Nevertheless, the performance of instantaneous ambiguity resolution is significantly affected by satellite geometry and residual errors, and its performance deteriorates particularly when the number of observed satellites is less than five or when multipath effects increase (Lee et al., 2004).

[0235] There are a variety of algorithms that perform integer ambiguity resolution. Among them, the most well-known and effective is Least Squares Ambiguity Decorrelation Adjustment (LABMDA). To utilize this LAMBDA method, a float estimate of the position (i.e., the position within a cycle) and the integer ambiguity must be separated. Since the integer ambiguity is an integer instead of a floating point, the resulting float solution is not an exact solution and can be further refined. The ellipsoid formed by the covariance of the integer ambiguity is extremely elongated in one direction, making searching this space inefficient. Therefore, the LAMBDA method transforms the existing extremely elongated ellipsoid into a system closer to a circle, making it a more efficient method for searching solutions to integer ambiguity than before.

[0236] Another approach to integer ambiguity is to use code and carrier phase measurements at each epoch. The drawback of this approach is that it requires a time slew value to correlate code and carrier phase measurements, which GPS uses for this purpose, as output from the Novatel SuperStar II. A brief summary of this approach is that it uses only the measurement for a single epoch and the covariance of the integer ambiguity from the previous epoch. The reason for using the covariance of the integer ambiguity from the previous epoch is that if the receiver is phase-locked to the carrier phase, the integer ambiguity is constant across two epochs. Algorithms for estimating integer ambiguity also vary, including those based on the extended Kalman filter.

[0237] carrier phase measurement in NR

[0238] The CPM in the above-described GPS / GNSS can be based on a single carrier. In particular, the CPM can estimate the phase based on transmitting and receiving a sinusoidal signal rather than a code domain. This CPM between a satellite and a user in GPS / GNSS can be introduced to the gNB (or TRP) and UE of NR. Meanwhile, when introduced in NR, the following difference may exist. Unless the sinusoidal signal is redefined as a reference signal, OFDM-based CPM must be implemented. In other words, the OFDM-based CPM differs from the GPS / GNSS-based case in that it is performed on a relatively wideband signal.

[0239] First, the current reference signal for NR positioning is the positioning reference signal (PRS), and if the sinusoidal signal is redefined based on the PRS, the sinusoidal signal can have the characteristics of the PRS configuration. In other words, the BW setting for the sinusoidal signal can be free. In addition, the probability that a LoS path exists between the base station (or TRP) and the user may be lower than the probability that a LoS path exists for the link between the satellite and the user. In other words, since the multi-path effect between the base station (or TRP) and the user cannot be ignored, CPM in NR needs to additionally consider the effect of multi-path between the base station (or TRP) and the user. In terms of the algorithm, CPM in NR may place more importance on NLOS elimination or LOS path estimation. In addition, in the case of NR, the carrier frequency is usually higher than that of GPS, the BW is large, and there are requirements for latency, etc., so in CPM in NR, the time required to resolve integer ambiguity needs to be further reduced.

[0240] A solution may be needed to address the issues of CPM-based user positioning using PRS in NR. Since PRS is a reference signal with bandwidth, a common understanding may be needed between upper layers and terminals regarding which frequency among the given PRSs is used for phase measurement. Meanwhile, while existing positioning methods considered in NR (OTDOA, AOA, AOD, etc.) do not require indicating or expressing specific frequency resources, CPM-based positioning using PRS may additionally require indicating or reporting specific frequencies.

[0241] A UE in RRC idle / inactive state can perform measurements and / or receive PRS only within the frequency range configured in the initial DL BWP. However, a UE that has the capability to perform measurements and / or receive PRS outside the frequency range configured in the initial DL BWP can perform measurements and / or receive PRS outside the frequency range configured in the initial DL BWP. However, in the following, it is assumed that CPP is performed for a UE that does not have such capability or is not defined. Alternatively, a PPW (positioning processing window) may be configured even for a UE in RRC idle / inactive state. In this case, even if the UE does not indicate or does not have the capability to perform measurements and / or receive PRS in the frequency range not indicated in the initial DL BWP, the UE can perform measurements for positioning in the frequency range not configured in the initial DL BWP for the time period indicated in the PPW.

[0242] The UE must perform measurements on the indicated PRS resources for carrier phase based positioning (CPP). At this time, in relation to reporting the measured carrier phase for the configured indicated PRS resources, the LMF can indicate the frequency at which the UE measures the carrier phase. The reason why the indicated frequency is difficult to be arbitrarily selected by the UE is as follows: the LMF needs to eliminate errors at the transmitter and / or receiver by using techniques such as double differencing to determine the actual position of the UE based on measurements from UEs and / or positioning reference units (PRUs). To this end, it must be ensured that measurements from different UEs and / or PRUs are performed and reported based on the same frequency. Against this backdrop, as a result of a meeting related to a given scenario (3GPP RAN#113), it was agreed that the reference frequency for such phase measurements would be the center frequency of the bandwidth of the PRS configured for the UE by default.

[0243] For a UE in an existing RRC connected state, when a PPW or MG (measurement gap) is configured, the UE can perform measurements for CPP within the configured PPW or MG. In this case, even if a PRS resource is received at a frequency that is not included in the frequency range corresponding to the active DL BWP configured for the UE, the UE may perform phase measurements with respect to the center frequency of the PRS resource if it is within the MG or PPW. Alternatively, even for a UE in an RRC connected state, when the MG or PPW is not configured, whether the UE performs phase measurements for a frequency outside the active DL BWP may depend on the implementation of the UE, but the LMF cannot always expect that the UE will perform measurements at the time when the UE is expected to perform measurements because the PRS resource, etc. is configured.

[0244] Additionally, for UEs in RRC inactive or idle states, MG or PPW may not be configured. Furthermore, the UE cannot perform measurements in frequency ranges not indicated in the configured DL BWP (initial DL BWP). The following describes in detail how to configure the frequency at which CPP measurement and reporting are performed when CPP measurement and reporting are configured for the UE.

[0245] Frequency setting / indication for CPP based on UE's RRC status

[0246] The proposed invention may relate to a scenario in which the location of a UE or a user is estimated based on carrier phase measurement (CPP) in a user location estimation scenario in a wireless access system. Here, CPP refers to a positioning technique that estimates the distance between a base station and a UE by utilizing the phase difference (e.g., the difference between the transmission phase and the reception phase) of a specific frequency (carrier) of a reference signal set by the base station for location estimation of the UE, as described above. Positioning based on such a positioning technique requires that phase measurement be performed for a specific reference frequency. Hereinafter, a method for indicating or reporting such a specific reference frequency and a method for expressing such a specific frequency will be described in detail.

[0247] LMF may consider cases where measurements for CPP may be performed and the measurement results may be useful in the event that the UE is currently in RRC active state but later transitions to RRC idle / inactive.

[0248] First, a method may be considered in which the UE requests the LMF to set a frequency on which to measure and report CPP within the active DL (downlink) BWP. Alternatively, a method may be considered in which multiple frequencies for CPP are configured so that the LMF can measure CPP on frequencies not configured within the UE's active DL BWP. The former case is described as Case 1, and the latter as Case 2. While Cases 1 and 2 may be separate configurations, it is certainly possible to consider applying both cases.

[0249] Additionally, the LMF's setting of CPP measurement and / or reporting to the UE below may mean that the LMF instructs the UE to perform RSCP (reference signal carrier phase) or RSCPD (reference signal carrier phase difference). It may be considered that the setting of CPP measurement and / or reporting is indicated together with or alone the instructions of RSTD (Received Signal Time difference), multi-RTT (multiple roundtrip time), and AoA (Angle of Arrival).

[0250] 1. Case 1: Frequency request for CPP measurement by UE

[0251] For Case 1, the UE may explicitly or implicitly request a specific frequency from the LMF other than the frequency currently set for CPP measurement and reporting, for example, for the purpose of measuring and reporting CPP within the active DL BWP.

[0252] In a UE in RRC inactive or RRC idle state, the active DL BWP is the initial DL BWP, and the UE cannot perform measurements in frequency domains other than the frequency domain indicated by the active DL BWP. In this context, if the UE is instructed to perform CPP measurements from the LMF (e.g., if the UE is instructed to perform CPP measurements in the RRC connected state), the UE may transition to the RRC inactive or RRC idle state later even if it is currently in the RRC connected state. In order for the UE to continuously perform CPP measurements even when such a state transition occurs, the frequency for the CPP measurements must be included in the initial DL BWP. Therefore, the UE must directly or indirectly inform the LMF of the information of this initial DL BWP so that CPP measurements can be performed regardless of the RRC state of the UE.

[0253] To this end, a UE currently in an RRC connection state may request a frequency (i.e., a frequency included in the initial BWP) for CPP measurement even in an RRC inactive state or an RRC idle state, if the frequency of the configured PRS is not included in the BWP. The request may be performed based on at least one of the following methods.

[0254] (1) Method 1

[0255] In Method 1, (based on initial BWP indication) the UE and / or gNB may request a frequency for a CPP included in the initial DL BWP by indicating the frequency location and bandwidth of the initial DL BWP to the LMF.

[0256] Specifically, the UE may transmit information about the initial DL BWP to the LMF during the positioning assistance data transfer phase. That is, the LMF may transmit information about the initial DL BWP to the LMF before the LMF instructs the UE to a specific positioning technique or after the LMF instructs the UE to the RSCP / RSCPD. And / or, the gNB may transmit information about the initial DL BWPs of the UEs within the serving cell to the LMF. For example, the gNB may transmit to the LMF only information about the initial DL BWPs actually configured for the UEs, or may transmit to the LMF information about the configuration of the initial DL BWPs of the UEs that it prefers. Here, the method of providing information about the initial DL BWP may be to directly instruct the LMF about the initial DL BWP of the UE, or indirectly instruct it through a combination of BW (bandwidth), SCS, ARFCN (Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number), or PRB.

[0257] Alternatively, the LMF may consider configuring the gNB with the UE's preferred initial DL BWP. If the LMF configures the gNB with the UE's preferred initial DL BWP, the LMF may provide the gNB with information about the preferred initial DL BWPs or the commonly preferred initial DL BWPs for UEs belonging to the gNB. The gNB may report to the LMF that it has configured the UE's initial DL BWP considering the LMF's preferred initial DL BWP or that it has configured the UE's initial DL BWP without considering the LMF's preferred initial DL BWP.

[0258] Alternatively, the LMF may configure an indicated PRS resource set for CPP measurement of the UE based on the initial DL BWP information configured through signaling from the UE or signaling from the gNB, or the initial DL BWP information of the UE preferred by the gNB. Through this, the UE can perform continuous CPP measurement regardless of the RRC state of the UE, and a certain level of CPP performance or higher can be guaranteed through such continuous CPP measurement.

[0259] Meanwhile, although Method 1 describes a method that operates on information of the initial DL BWP, the operations proposed in Method 1 are not limited thereto and can be applied even when the UE or gNB targets information on an arbitrary frequency domain (e.g. an arbitrary BWP).

[0260] (2) Method 2

[0261] In addition to the PRS resource set indicated by the LMF, the UE may provide the LMF with a preferred PRS resource set or information related to PRS resources considering the initial DL BWP on an on-demand PRS basis.

[0262] According to a given scenario (see TS 37.355), the parameters associated with the on-demand PRS requested by the existing UE to the LMF are as follows.

[0263] -NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Configuration,

[0264] -NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Information,

[0265] -NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Request,

[0266] - NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Configurations-Selected-IndexList,

[0267] -NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Support.

[0268] The parameters described above are common NR positioning information elements and may not be parameters limited to a specific positioning base. That is, the UE can configure and request on-demand PRS regardless of the positioning technique. The functions and overview of each of the above-mentioned information elements are as follows.

[0269] 1) NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Configurations

[0270] LMF can announce a set of configurable DL-PRS configurations that the UE can request on-demand via NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Configurations. A DL-PRS configuration can include a configuration ID, frequency layer, and PRS information (period, comb-size).

[0271] - IE NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Configurations may provide a set of possible DL-PRS configurations that can be requested by a target device (e.g., a UE) on demand.

[0272] - Parameters: Configuration ID, Frequency Layer, PRS information (periodism, comb size only. Other fields are ignored)

[0273] 2) NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Information

[0274] NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Information may indicate information about the requested on-demand DL-PRS requested by the UE. Information elements of NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Information may include a frequency range, a period of a PRS resource set, a bandwidth, a repetition count of PRS resources, the number of symbols, RE spacing, QCL (quasi co-location) information, etc.

[0275] - IE NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Information can define request on-demand DL-PRS settings.

[0276] - Parameters: Week range (FR1 / FR2), period of PRS resource set, bandwidth per RB, number of repetitions of PRS resources, number of symbols, RE interval, QCL information

[0277] 3) NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Request

[0278] NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Request can be used by a UE to request on-demand DL PRS from an LMF (or location server). NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Request includes the NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Information described above.

[0279] If there is a set of on-demand PRS configurations (i.e., predefined on-demand DL-PRS configurations; NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Configurations) pre-configured to the UE in the LMF or network, the UE may request only PRS resources or PRS resource configurations within the set of on-demand PRS configurations. In addition, the NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Request may include indication information about the request start time and duration of the requested PRS configuration. Here, the duration may be indicated in units of seconds, minutes, and / or hours.

[0280] - NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Request can be used by the target device to request on-demand DL-PRS from the location server or LMF.

[0281] - Parameters: start time and duration, NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Configurations, order of preference

[0282] 4) NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Configurations-Selected-IndexList

[0283] The NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Configurations-Selected-IndexList can be used by the location server or LMF to indicate which on-demand DL-PRS configurations are available among the requested on-demand DL-PRS configurations received from the UE. If multiple on-demand DL-PRS configurations are provided for multiple NR positioning methods, an NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS configuration shall be present in only one of NR-Multi-RTT-ProvideAssistanceData, NR-DL-AoD-ProvideAssistanceData or NR-DL-TDOA-ProvideAssistanceData.

[0284] - NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Configurations-Selected-IndexList can be used to provide the target device with available on-demand DL-PRS configurations selected from the location server or LMF.

[0285] - When On-Demand DL-PRS configurations are provided for multiple NR positioning methods, only one of NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Configuration shall be present: NR-Multi-RTT-ProvideAssistanceData, NR-DL-AoD-ProvideAssistanceData or NR-DL-TDOA-ProvideAssistanceData.

[0286] 5) NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Support

[0287] NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Support can be used to indicate whether the UE supports the capability for on-demand DL PRS.

[0288] - NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Support can support defining the on-demand DL-PRS capabilities of the target device.

[0289] The UE may provide the LMF with the initial DL BWP and related information using the information elements of the on-demand DL PRS described above. Specifically, the UE may transmit information about the initial DL BWP set for the UE to the LMF in the form of an on-demand DL PRS during the positioning assistance data transfer phase. That is, before the LMF instructs the UE on a specific positioning technique or after instructing the UE on a specific positioning technique (e.g., RSCP / RSCPD), the UE may transmit the initial DL BWP information to the LMF in the form of information about an on-demand PRS. For example, the UE may report information about an additional on-demand PRS (i.e., information about the initial DL BWP) to the LMF in addition to the information about the existing on-demand PRS. LMF can be expected to be either a PRS resource configuration included in the UE's initial DL BWP for information about such additional on-demand PRS, or a PRS resource configuration that allows the UE to maintain CPP measurements even in RRC inactive / idle state.

[0290] Alternatively, the gNB may forward the initial DL BWP information for UEs within the serving cell to the LMF as on-demand PRS configurations (or on-demand PRS resources) of the UEs. In this case, the LMF may expect that the on-demand PRS configurations (or on-demand PRS resources) that the gNB forwards to the LMF are PRS resource configurations included in the initial DL BWP of the UE, or PRS resource configurations that enable the UE to maintain CPP measurements even in RRC inactive / idle state. Such information about on-demand PRS configurations / resources may be forwarded to the LMF based on the initial DL BWP information actually configured for the UEs, or based on the configuration information of the initial DL BWP for UEs preferred by the gNB.

[0291] Alternatively, the LMF may provide the gNB with information about the preferred UE's initial DL BWP in the form of on-demand PRS configurations (e.g., NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Configurations). That is, the LMF may inform the gNB of the LMF's preferred UE's initial DL BWP in the form of on-demand PRS configurations so that the UE can perform CPP measurements even when the UE is in RRC inactive or RRC idle state. The LMF may indicate to the gNB the LMF's preferred UE's initial DL BWP together with the LMF's indication of the indicated PRS resource set that the LMF configures for the UE's CPP measurements or through separate signaling. If the indicated PRS resource set that the LMF configures for the UE's CPP measurements is the same as the LMF's preferred on-demand PRS configuration, the gNB may determine that the UE's initial DL BWP is configured according to the LMF's preference. In contrast, if the set of directed PRS resources set by the LMF for the UE's CPP measurement configuration is different from the on-demand PRS configuration preferred by the LMF, the gNB may determine that the initial DL BWP of the UE preferred by the LMF is different from the initial DL BWP currently set for the UE.

[0292] Alternatively, the LMF may configure an indication PRS resource / set of indication PRS resources for CPP measurement based on information related to the initial DL BWP transmitted through signaling from the UE or signaling from the gNB, or initial DL BWP information of the UE preferred by the gNB. Through this, the UE can perform continuous CPP measurement even when the RRC state is transitioned from the RRC connection to the RRC idle state (or RRC inactivity state), and ensure CPP performance above a certain level.

[0293] Meanwhile, the proposed method in Method 2 describes a method that operates on information of the initial DL BWP, but is not limited thereto, and can also be applied when the UE or gNB targets information on an arbitrary frequency domain (e.g., an arbitrary BWP).

[0294] (3) Method 3

[0295] For Method 3, the UE may operate based on the existing method of reporting or not reporting the configured initial DL BWP information to the LMF. However, if the initial DL BWP does not include frequencies for measuring and reporting the PRS resource set configured for CPP, the UE may not be able to perform CPP measurements in the RRC inactive or RRC idle state. To overcome this, the following methods may be considered.

[0296] If the UE does not inform the LMF of its initial DL BWP configuration information, the UE may select a frequency for CPP measurement based on implementation or predefined rules and perform CPP measurements on the selected frequency. However, in this case, the measurement value based on the UE's CPP measurement received by the LMF may differ from the frequency reported by another UE (or PRU), and double differencing may not be possible at the LMF or UE level. To overcome this, the following methods may be considered.

[0297] The UE may transmit to the LMF information that it will perform CPP reporting based on a specific frequency in a specific time interval for a measurement report of a PRS configured by the LMF for CPP measurement. That is, the UE may report to the LMF information that it will perform CPP measurement based on a specific frequency in a specific time interval for a configured frequency layer / TRP ID / PRS resource set or an indicated PRS resource set before transitioning to the RRC idle state or the RRC inactive state. Here, the specific time interval may be expressed by periodic time information such as periodicity (and / or slot based on a period, e.g., SFN #0), slot offset, symbol offset, etc. Alternatively, the specific time interval may be expressed by a symbol / slot level timer and slot information at which the count of the timer starts. Alternatively, the specific time interval may be expressed by additionally indicating whether to activate / deactivate periodic time information such as multiple periodicities (and / or a slot based on a period, e.g., SFN #0), slot offset, symbol offset, etc.).

[0298] The LMF may expect that the UE will report measurement values ​​for CPP measurements based on the information that the UE has reported, such as “CPP reporting will be performed based on a specific frequency in a specific time interval”, as reported by the UE in the above-mentioned manner. In order to perform double differencing, the measurement reports of other UEs (or PRUs) that are expected to perform double differencing with the UE for the specific time interval described above must also be measured / reported at the same frequency as the reported specific frequency. Therefore, the LMF may indicate the specific time interval / specific frequency to other UEs (or PRUs) as follows.

[0299] The LMF can instruct other UEs or PRUs to perform CPP reporting based on a specific frequency in a specific time interval for the measurement report of the PRS set for CPP. That is, the LMF can instruct other UEs to perform CPP measurement based on a specific frequency in a specific time interval for the frequency layer / TRP ID / PRS resource set information or the indicated PRS resource set. Similarly, the specific time interval can be expressed by periodic time information such as periodicity (and / or slot based on period, e.g., SFN #0), slot offset, symbol offset, etc. Alternatively, the specific time interval can be expressed by a symbol / slot level timer and slot information at which the count of the timer starts. Alternatively, the specific time interval may be expressed by additionally indicating whether to activate / deactivate periodic time information such as multiple periodicities (and / or a slot based on a period, e.g., SFN #0), slot offset, symbol offset, etc.).

[0300] 2. Case 2: Allocating multiple frequencies for CPP measurements of UE

[0301] Figure 14 is a diagram illustrating how an LMF allocates multiple frequencies to a UE for CPP measurement.

[0302] The LMF may designate multiple frequencies for CPP measurement and reporting, considering that the UE may later transition to the RRC inactive or RRC idle state to perform CPP measurement, even if the UE is currently in the RRC active state. That is, the LMF may configure multiple frequencies for CPP measurement at a specific configuration level of the PRS resources configured for the UE. Here, the configuration of multiple frequencies may be a case where at least one frequency is additionally configured to a default frequency (a center frequency of the bandwidth of a PRS resource set). Alternatively, since the default frequency is applied when a separate frequency for CPP measurement is not configured, the LMF may configure only at least one frequency excluding the default frequency for the UE. Such configuration of at least one frequency may be considered for each unit of configuration of the PRS resources of the UE. For example, the configuration of at least one frequency may be configured per TRP, per PRS resource set, or per PRS resource. This is about frequency setting according to the hierarchy of PRS resource setting, and the hierarchy may be as shown in Fig. 14.

[0303] With respect to this hierarchy of PRS resource configuration, the higher the frequency for CPP is set, the greater the freedom in frequency selection for UE CPP measurement and reporting. Consequently, if measurements need to be performed only on the active DL BWP, the flexibility in configuring the active DL BWP of the gNB for the UE can be increased. Conversely, the lower the frequency for CPP is set, the greater the flexibility in finding pairs between measurements for differencing at the LMF level.

[0304] That is, when the UE receives multiple frequencies from the LMF for the purpose of CPP measurement and reporting per TRP, the gNB has the highest degree of freedom in configuring the active DL BWP for the UE with CPP configured. On the other hand, when the UE receives multiple frequencies from the LMF for the purpose of CPP measurement and reporting per PRS resource set, the balance between the gNB's degree of freedom in configuring the active DL BWP for the UE with CPP configured and the flexibility of the LMF's frequency selection is the best. In addition, when the UE receives multiple frequencies from the LMF for the purpose of CPP measurement and reporting per PRS resource, the LMF has the highest flexibility in frequency selection when performing differencing between measurements reported from the UE. Therefore, when the LMF configures multiple frequencies for measuring CPP according to the above-mentioned configuration level, it can configure different frequencies for the same configuration level. For example, when multiple frequencies for CPP measurement are configured per PRS resource set, the UE can expect that the configurations of the multiple frequencies for different PRS resource sets will be different. Accordingly, the UE may have a higher probability of selecting a frequency that matches the initial DL BWP in the RRC inactive or RRC idle state. Based on the UE's selection of a set of PRS resources for performing CPP measurements and reporting, the LMF can determine that the UE has selected a frequency that matches the initial DL BWP.

[0305] Alternatively, when the LMF configures the UE with an additional frequency (or multiple frequencies other than the default frequency) in addition to the default frequency in the above-described manner, the UE may operate as follows. The UE may perform CPP measurement and reporting based on the default frequency or the non-default frequency according to certain conditions. For example, the UE may select a frequency among the multiple frequencies on which to measure CPP based on whether the center frequency of the configured PRS resource / PRS resource set is included in the active DL BWP of the UE and / or based on the RRC state of the UE. Alternatively, the UE may perform and / or report CPP measurement on the default frequency or the non-default frequency depending on the RRC state. For example, a UE in an RRC connected state measures / reports a phase based on the default frequency of the PRS resource set in the report of the CPP, but a UE in an RRC idle state or an RRC inactive state may select a frequency included in the initial DL BWP (or active DL BWP) among multiple frequencies set per TRP (or PRS resource set or PRS resource) rather than the default frequency of the set PRS resource, and measure the phase based on the selected frequency.

[0306] Alternatively, if CPP measurement and reporting are set and the measurement of PRS resources is within a Measurement gap (MG), the UE may report the phase based on the default frequency, and for the measurement of CPP for a time interval other than the MG, the UE may measure / report CPP based on a frequency included in the active DL BWP among the plurality of frequencies other than the default frequency.

[0307] Alternatively, the frequency at which the UE measures / reports CPP may be applied / determined differently depending on the relationship between the frequency domain indicated by the active DL BWP of the UE according to the RRC state and the frequency domain of the PRS resource where CPP measurement is expected. For example, it may be unnatural for UEs in the RRC idle state or the RRC inactive state to perform CPP measurement in a frequency domain other than the frequency domain indicated by the initial DL BWP, even though the initial DL BWP is the active DL BWP. Therefore, for the CPP measurement set for the UE in the RRC inactive state or the UE in the RRC idle state, if a default frequency is included in the initial DL BWP (i.e., if the center frequency of the bandwidth of the set PRS resource is included in the initial DL BWP), the UE may measure / report CPP based on the default frequency. Conversely, if the default frequency is not included in the initial DL BWP, the UE may measure / report CPP based on any one of the plurality of set frequencies (e.g., a frequency belonging to the initial DL BWP). That is, when a default frequency is included in the initial DL BWP for CPP measurement set for a UE in an RRC inactive state or a UE in an RRC idle state, the UE only performs measurement / reporting for CPP based on the default frequency, and does not perform measurement / reporting for CPP based on a frequency selected from among the plurality of frequencies.

[0308] The LMF can provide the gNB and the UE with indication information about the SRS / PRS resource set to be measured for the purpose of double differencing in CPP, as well as information about the time interval during which the measurement is performed. In this case, the base station and the UE can determine to perform advantageous operations based on the provided information. This may be for the purpose of supporting the alignment of the PRS resource set measured by the PRU, which provides reference measurement information in the double differencing operation, with the target UE. At this time, the PRU may be expected to perform phase measurements based on a specific frequency. This causes the PRU to perform phase measurements only for specific PRS resource sets and specific frequencies at specific timings, and the acquisition of phase measurements for different frequencies may occur at different timings. Considering this, when information about multiple frequencies is allocated for CPP measurement as in the proposed method above, a method is also proposed in which indication information and / or timing information about the target PRS resource set of the CPP measurement can be individually provided for each frequency. To this end, the LMF may provide the UE with information on the PRS resource set corresponding to each frequency and / or information on the measurement time window. In this case, the UE may select an appropriate frequency based on this and perform CPP measurement for the corresponding PRS resource set and / or measurement time window.

[0309] Figure 15 is a diagram for explaining how a terminal performs CPP measurement.

[0310] Referring to FIG. 15, the terminal may receive first configuration information for configuring PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) resources for the CPP (S151). The first configuration information may include configuration information for at least one PRS resource or at least one PRS set (or a second PRS resource or a second PRS resource set) for CPP measurement or CPP-based positioning among a plurality of PRS resources preset for the terminal. The first configuration information may be transmitted from a network (e.g., an LMF).

[0311] Alternatively, the first configuration information may further configure a plurality of frequencies for the CPP measurement per TRP (Transmission Reception Point), PRS resource set, or PRS resource as described in “Case 2 (Allocating multiple frequencies for CPP measurement of UE)”. For example, the terminal may be configured with an additional plurality of frequencies in addition to the default frequency, which is the center frequency of the configured PRS resource set, through the first configuration information. In this case, the reference frequency for the CPP measurement may be determined from among the center frequency and the plurality of frequencies based on at least one of whether the first configuration information includes a PRS resource configuration having a center frequency within an active downlink BWP and an RRC state. Here, the RRC state may be any one of an RRC idle state, an RRC inactive state, and an RRC connected state as described above. For example, if the terminal is in an RRC connection state and the first configuration information includes a PRS resource / PRS resource set having a center frequency within an active downlink BWP, the terminal can perform the CPP measurement based on the center frequency of the PRS resource / PRS resource set. Conversely, if the first configuration information does not include a PRS resource set having a center frequency within an active downlink BWP, the terminal in the RRC connection state can select one reference frequency from among the plurality of frequencies and perform the CPP measurement based on the one reference frequency in the PRS resource or PRS resource set corresponding to the one frequency. Alternatively, if the terminal is in an RRC idle state or has transitioned to an RRC idle state, the terminal can perform the CPP measurement based on one frequency selected from the plurality of frequencies.For example, the terminal may select one frequency located within the initial DL BWP among the plurality of frequencies as the reference frequency.

[0312] Next, the terminal can transmit a request message requesting on-demand PRS (S153). The terminal can transmit the request message to the network using NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Request for requesting the on-demand PRS described above. For example, the terminal can determine a PRS resource configuration to be requested as on-demand PRS from among multiple PRS resource configurations configured / transmitted through NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Information, and transmit a request message including information about the determined PRS resource configuration to the network. In addition, as in the previously proposed method 2, the request message can further include bandwidth information about an initial DL BWP configured for the terminal. Alternatively, the request message may only include bandwidth information about an initial DL BWP configured for the terminal. This is to configure a PRS resource or a PRS resource set that includes a frequency band within the initial DL BWP so that measurements for CPP can be performed even when the terminal in the RRC connected state as described above transitions to the RRC idle state or RRC inactive state. Meanwhile, the request message can be transmitted to the network regardless of whether the first configuration information is received. For example, the request message can be provided to the network in the positioning assistance data transfer phase even before the first configuration information is received.

[0313] Alternatively, the terminal may determine whether to transmit the request message based on the first configuration information and the initial DL BWP. For example, if a PRS resource set or PRS resources included in the initial DL BWP are not configured by the first configuration information, the terminal may transmit the request message including bandwidth information for the initial DL BWP. Alternatively, if a PRS resource set or PRS resources having a center frequency in the initial DL BWP are not configured by the first configuration information, the terminal may transmit the request message including bandwidth information for the initial DL BWP. Alternatively, if a PRS resource set or PRS resources included in the initial DL BWP are configured by the first configuration information (or a PRS resource set or PRS resources having a center frequency located in the initial DL BWP are configured), the terminal may not transmit the request message.

[0314] Alternatively, the terminal may determine whether to transmit the request message based on the first configuration information and the active DL BWP. For example, if a PRS resource set or PRS resource included in the active DL BWP is not configured by the first configuration information, the terminal may transmit the request message including bandwidth information for the active DL BWP. Alternatively, if a PRS resource set or PRS resource having a center frequency within the active DL BWP is not configured by the first configuration information, the terminal may transmit the request message including bandwidth information for the active DL BWP. Alternatively, if a PRS resource set or PRS resource included in the active DL BWP is configured by the first configuration information (or a PRS resource set or PRS resource having a center frequency located within the active DL BWP is configured), the terminal may not transmit the request message.

[0315] Next, the terminal may receive second configuration information including on-demand PRS resource configuration from the network (S155). For example, the terminal may receive second configuration information in response to the response message requesting the on-demand PRS resource from the network. Based on the bandwidth information (initial DL BWP and / or active DL BWP) included in the request message, the terminal may select / determine on-demand PRS resource configuration that may be included in the initial DL BWP (or active DL BWP) of the terminal, and transmit second configuration information (e.g., NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Configurations-Selected-IndexList) including the on-demand PRS resource configuration to the terminal. Here, the on-demand PRS resource configuration may include information for configuring a first PRS resource set or a first PRS resource having a frequency band included in the initial DL BWP (or active DL BWP) of the terminal. Alternatively, the on-demand PRS resource configuration may include information for configuring a first PRS resource set or a first PRS resource having a center frequency located within the initial DL BWP (or active DL BWP) of the terminal. Meanwhile, the second configuration information in response to the request message may not be transmitted from the network. For example, the network may not transmit the second configuration information to the terminal if the first configuration information includes a PRS resource configuration included in the initial DL BWP.

[0316] The terminal may perform the CPP measurement based on the first configuration information and / or the second configuration information (S157). For example, when the terminal is in an RRC connection state, the terminal may perform the CPP measurement in a PRS resource set or PRS resource included in the active DL BWP set by the first configuration information (or a PRS resource set or PRS resource having a center frequency within the active DL BWP). Alternatively, when the terminal is switched to an inactive state or an idle state, the terminal may perform the CPP in a PRS resource set or PRS resource included in the initial DL BWP set by the second configuration information (or a PRS resource set or PRS resource having a center frequency within the initial DL BWP).

[0317] Alternatively, the terminal may report measurement values ​​or measurement information measured through the performance of the CPP measurement to the network. Meanwhile, measurement values ​​or measurement information measured by the terminal in an RRC idle state or RRC inactive state may be reported to the network after transitioning to an RRC connected state.

[0318] Figure 16 is a diagram for explaining how a network transmits configuration information for CPP measurement to a terminal.

[0319] Referring to FIG. 16, the network may transmit first configuration information for configuring PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) resources for the CPP to the terminal (S161). For example, the network may transmit the first configuration information to the terminal through a base station connected to the terminal. Here, the first configuration information may include configuration information for at least one PRS resource for CPP measurement or CPP-based positioning among a plurality of PRS resources configured for the terminal. In addition, the network may be an LMF (Location Management Function) or a local server that calculates / measures the location of the terminal as described above.

[0320] Alternatively, the first configuration information may set multiple frequencies for the CPP measurement for each Transmission Reception Point (TRP), PRS resource set, or PRS resource, as described in “2. Allocating Multiple Frequencies for CPP Measurement of UE.” For example, the first configuration information may further include information for setting multiple additional frequencies for CPP measurement in addition to the default frequency.

[0321] Next, the network can receive a request message requesting on-demand PRS (S163). The network can receive the request message, which is transmitted using NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Request for requesting the on-demand PRS, from the terminal. In addition, as in the previously proposed method 2, the request message can further include bandwidth information for an initial DL BWP set for the terminal. As described above, since the network, i.e., LMF, does not know the initial DL BWP (or, active DL BWP) set for the terminal, it cannot properly set a PRS resource or a set of PRS resources located within the initial DL BWP. Therefore, the LMF needs to identify / confirm the initial DL BWP for the terminal through the bandwidth information for the initial DL BWP further included in the request message. Meanwhile, the request message can be received from the terminal regardless of whether the first configuration information is received. For example, the request message may be provided from the terminal in the positioning assistance data transfer step even before the first setting information is received.

[0322] Next, the network may transmit second configuration information including on-demand PRS resource configuration to the terminal in response to the request message (S165). For example, the network may select / determine on-demand PRS resource configuration that may be included in the initial DL BWP (or active DL BWP) of the terminal based on bandwidth information (initial DL BWP and / or active DL BWP) included in the request message, and transmit second configuration information including the on-demand PRS resource configuration (e.g., NR-On-Demand-DL-PRS-Configurations-Selected-IndexList) to the terminal.

[0323] For example, the on-demand PRS resource configuration may include information for configuring a first PRS resource set or a first PRS resource having a frequency band included in an initial DL BWP (or an active DL BWP) of the terminal. Alternatively, the on-demand PRS resource configuration may include information for configuring a first PRS resource set or a first PRS resource having a center frequency located within an initial DL BWP (or an active DL BWP) of the terminal. Meanwhile, the network may not necessarily need to send the second configuration information in response to the request message to the terminal. For example, the network may not transmit the second configuration information to the terminal if the first configuration information already includes a PRS resource configuration included in the initial DL BWP.

[0324] Next, the network can receive measurement information for the CPP measurement performed based on the first configuration information and / or the second configuration information (S167). The network can perform the above-described double differencing based on the received measurement information (e.g., by calculating a difference value between phase information measured from another UE and phase information included in the measurement information), and can calculate / measure the position of the terminal based on the phase information from which errors have been removed by the double differencing.

[0325] In this way, the proposed invention can efficiently configure PRS resources or a set of PRS resources included in the initial DL BWP of the terminal for the terminal by providing the network with an initial DL BWP for the terminal through an on-demand request message. Alternatively, the proposed invention can ensure continuous performance of CPP measurement even when the terminal transitions to an RRC idle state or an RRC inactive state by pre-configuring the PRS resources or a set of PRS resources included in the initial DL BWP of the terminal. Alternatively, the proposed invention can maintain the CPP-based location measurement performance at a certain level or higher by pre-configuring the PRS resources or a set of PRS resources included in the initial DL BWP of the terminal.

[0326] Examples of communication systems to which the invention applies

[0327] Although not limited thereto, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts of the present invention disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connection (e.g., 5G) between devices.

[0328] Hereinafter, more specific examples will be provided with reference to the drawings. In the drawings / descriptions below, the same drawing reference numerals may represent identical or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks, unless otherwise described.

[0329] Figure 17 illustrates a communication system applied to the present invention.

[0330] Referring to FIG. 17, a communication system (1) applied to the present invention includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Things) device (100f), and an AI device / server (400). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). XR devices include AR (Augmented Reality) / VR (Virtual Reality) / MR (Mixed Reality) devices, and can be implemented in the form of HMD (Head-Mounted Device), HUD (Head-Up Display) installed in a vehicle, television, smartphone, computer, wearable device, home appliance, digital signage, vehicle, robot, etc. Mobile devices can include smartphone, smart pad, wearable device (e.g., smart watch, smart glass), computer (e.g., laptop, etc.), etc. Home appliances can include TV, refrigerator, washing machine, etc. IoT devices can include sensors, smart meters, etc. For example, base stations and networks can also be implemented as wireless devices, and a specific wireless device (200a) can act as a base station / network node to other wireless devices.

[0331] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) via a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology can be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) via the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, etc. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) can communicate with each other via the base station (200) / network (300), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network. For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to Everything) communication). In addition, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

[0332] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a~100f) / base stations (200), and base stations (200) / base stations (200). Here, wireless communication / connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or, D2D communication), and communication between base stations (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul). Through wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices and base stations / wireless devices, and base stations and base stations can transmit / receive wireless signals to each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, at least some of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes can be performed based on various proposals of the present invention.

[0333] Examples of wireless devices to which the present invention is applied

[0334] Figure 18 illustrates a wireless device applicable to the present invention.

[0335] Referring to FIG. 18, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals through various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} can correspond to {the wireless device (100x), the base station (200)} and / or {the wireless device (100x), the wireless device (100x)} of FIG. 17.

[0336] A first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may further include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memories (104) and / or the transceivers (106), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver (106). In addition, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via the transceiver (106), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chipset designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (106) may be used interchangeably with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present invention, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chipset.

[0337] According to one example, the first wireless device (100) or terminal may include a processor (102) and a memory (104) connected to a transceiver (106). The memory (104) may include at least one program capable of performing operations related to the embodiments described in FIGS. 13 to 16.

[0338] Specifically, the processor (102) controls the RF transceiver (106) to receive first configuration information for setting up a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) resource for the CPP, transmit a request message requesting an on-demand PRS, and perform the CPP measurement based on the configuration information. Here, the request message may include bandwidth information for an initial downlink Bandwidth Part (BWP) of the terminal.

[0339] Alternatively, the terminal may be a processing device including a processor (102) and a memory (104) for controlling the terminal. The processing device may include at least one processor (102) and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor (102) and storing instructions, wherein the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the terminal to receive first configuration information for configuring a PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) resource for the CPP, transmit a request message requesting an on-demand PRS, and perform the CPP measurement based on the configuration information. Here, the request message may include bandwidth information for an initial downlink BWP (Bandwidth Part) of the terminal.

[0340] The second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202), one or more memories (204), and may further include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memories (204) and / or the transceivers (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information / signals via the transceivers (206). Furthermore, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information / signals via the transceivers (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information / signals in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In the present invention, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0341] According to one example, the second wireless device (200) or network may include a processor (202) and a memory (204) connected to a transceiver (206). The memory (204) may include at least one program capable of performing operations related to the embodiments described in FIGS. 13 to 16.

[0342] The network may include a processor (202), a memory (204), and / or a transceiver (206). The processor (202) may control the transceiver (206) to transmit first configuration information for setting PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) resources for the CPP to a terminal, and may receive a request message requesting on-demand PRS from the terminal. The request message may include bandwidth information for an initial downlink BWP (Bandwidth Part) of the terminal.

[0343] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed herein, and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

[0344] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software configured to perform one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and executed by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0345] One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be configured as ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and / or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0346] One or more transceivers (106, 206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or flowcharts of this document, to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts of this document, from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) can be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, or the like, as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein, via one or more antennas (108, 208). In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed by one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0347] Examples of wireless devices to which the present invention is applied

[0348] Figure 19 illustrates another example of a wireless device applicable to the present invention. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service.

[0349] Referring to FIG. 19, the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 18 and may be composed of various elements, components, units / units, and / or modules. For example, the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and an additional element (140). The communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and a transceiver(s) (114). For example, the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 19. For example, the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 18. The control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and the additional elements (140) and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit (120) may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit (130). In addition, the control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit (130).

[0350] The additional element (140) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of the wireless device. For example, the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (Fig. 17, 100a), a vehicle (Fig. 17, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (Fig. 17, 100c), a portable device (Fig. 17, 100d), a home appliance (Fig. 17, 100e), an IoT device (Fig. 17, 100f), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate / environmental device, an AI server / device (Fig. 17, 400), a base station (Fig. 17, 200), a network node, etc. Wireless devices may be mobile or stationary depending on the use / service.

[0351] In FIG. 19, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be entirely interconnected via a wired interface, or at least some may be wirelessly connected via a communication unit (110). For example, within the wireless device (100, 200), the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be wired, and the control unit (120) and a first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit (110). In addition, each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may further include one or more elements. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of a set of one or more processors. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit (130) may be composed of RAM (Random Access Memory), DRAM (Dynamic RAM), ROM (Read Only Memory), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0352] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device (XXX, YYY) of the present specification may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. At this time, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and may be implemented with standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device (XXX, YYY) of the present specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. At this time, for example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology, and may be called by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology can be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device (XXX, YYY) of the present specification can include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-described names. For example, ZigBee technology can create PAN (personal area networks) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.

[0353] The embodiments described above are combinations of components and features of the present invention in a predetermined form. Each component or feature should be considered optional unless explicitly stated otherwise. Each component or feature may be implemented without being combined with other components or features. Furthermore, it is also possible to form an embodiment of the present invention by combining some components and / or features. The order of operations described in the embodiments of the present invention may be changed. Some components or features of one embodiment may be included in another embodiment or may be replaced with corresponding components or features of another embodiment. It is self-evident that claims that do not have an explicit citation relationship in the patent claims may be combined to form an embodiment or may be incorporated as a new claim through a post-application amendment.

[0354] In this document, embodiments of the present invention have been described primarily focusing on the signal transmission and reception relationship between a terminal and a base station. This transmission and reception relationship is equally / similarly extended to signal transmission and reception between a terminal and a relay or a base station and a relay. Certain operations described as being performed by a base station in this document may, in some cases, be performed by its upper node. That is, it is obvious that various operations performed for communication with a terminal in a network composed of multiple network nodes including a base station may be performed by the base station or other network nodes other than the base station. The base station may be replaced by terms such as fixed station, Node B, eNode B (eNB), and access point. In addition, the terminal may be replaced by terms such as UE (User Equipment), MS (Mobile Station), MSS (Mobile Subscriber Station).

[0355] Embodiments of the present invention may be implemented by various means, for example, hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. In the case of hardware implementation, an embodiment of the present invention may be implemented by one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, etc.

[0356] When implemented via firmware or software, an embodiment of the present invention may be implemented in the form of modules, procedures, functions, etc. that perform the functions or operations described above. The software code may be stored in a memory unit and executed by a processor. The memory unit may be located within or outside the processor and may exchange data with the processor via various known means.

[0357] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the above detailed description should not be construed as limiting in any respect, but rather as illustrative. The scope of the present invention should be determined by a reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all modifications within the scope of equivalents of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

[0358] The embodiments of the present invention as described above can be applied to various mobile communication systems.

Claims

1. A method for a terminal to perform CPP (carrier phase based positioning) measurement in a wireless communication system, A step of receiving first configuration information for setting PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) resources for the above CPP; A step of transmitting a request message requesting an on-demand PRS; and A step of performing the CPP measurement based on the above setting information is included, A method wherein the request message includes bandwidth information for an initial downlink BWP (Bandwidth Part) of the terminal.

2. In paragraph 1, Further comprising a step of receiving second configuration information including on-demand PRS resource configuration; A method, characterized in that the above on-demand PRS resource setting includes setting for a first PRS resource set selected based on the bandwidth information.

3. In paragraph 2, A method, characterized in that the first PRS resource set has a bandwidth included within the initial downlink BWP.

4. In paragraph 2, A method, characterized in that the CPP measurement is performed for the first PRS resource set based on the terminal being switched to an RRC (Radio Resource Control) inactive state or an RRC idle state.

5. In paragraph 1, A method, characterized in that the request message is transmitted based on the PRS resource or PRS resource set included in the initial DL BWP not being set by the first setting information.

6. In paragraph 1, A method, characterized in that the request message is transmitted including bandwidth information for the active downlink BWP, based on the fact that the PRS resource or PRS resource set included in the active downlink BWP set for the terminal is not set in the above setting information.

7. In paragraph 1, A method, characterized in that the first configuration information includes information for setting a plurality of frequencies for the CPP measurement by TRP (Transmission Reception Point), PRS resource set or PRS resource.

8. In paragraph 7, The terminal determines a reference frequency among the center frequency and a plurality of frequencies based on at least one of whether the first configuration information includes a PRS resource having a center frequency within an active downlink BWP and an RRC (Radio Resource Control) status, A method, characterized in that the above CPP measurement is performed based on the one reference frequency.

9. In paragraph 8, A method, characterized in that the one reference frequency is determined as the center frequency of the PRS resource based on the fact that the terminal is in an RRC connection state and the first configuration information includes a PRS resource having a center frequency within an active downlink BWP.

10. In paragraph 8, A method characterized in that, based on whether the terminal is in an RRC idle state or an RRC inactive state, the terminal performs the CPP measurement based on the one reference frequency located within the initial downlink BWP among the plurality of frequencies.

11. A computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for performing the method described in Article 1.

12. In a terminal performing CPP (carrier phase based positioning) measurement in a wireless communication system, RF(Radio Frequency) transceiver; and comprising a processor connected to the RF transceiver; The processor controls the RF transceiver to receive first configuration information for setting PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) resources for the CPP, transmit a request message requesting on-demand PRS, and perform the CPP measurement based on the configuration information. The above request message includes bandwidth information for the initial downlink BWP (Bandwidth Part) of the terminal.

13. In a processing device that controls a terminal that performs CPP (carrier phase based positioning) measurement in a wireless communication system, at least one processor; and At least one memory coupled to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor, wherein said terminal causes: Receive first configuration information for setting PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) resources for the CPP, transmit a request message requesting on-demand PRS, and perform the CPP measurement based on the configuration information, A processing device, wherein the request message includes bandwidth information for an initial downlink BWP (Bandwidth Part) of the terminal.

14. A method for transmitting configuration information for CPP (carrier phase based positioning) measurement in a wireless communication system, A step of transmitting first configuration information for PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) resource configuration for the above CPP to the terminal; and Comprising a step of receiving a request message requesting on-demand PRS from the terminal, A method wherein the request message includes bandwidth information for an initial downlink BWP (Bandwidth Part) of the terminal.

15. In a network that transmits setup information for CPP (carrier phase based positioning) measurement in a wireless communication system, RF(Radio Frequency) transceiver; and comprising a processor connected to the RF transceiver; The processor controls the RF transceiver to transmit first configuration information for PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) resource configuration for the CPP to the terminal, and receives a request message requesting on-demand PRS from the terminal. The above request message includes bandwidth information for the initial downlink BWP (Bandwidth Part) of the terminal, the network.

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